1
|
Jameel T, Baig M, Murad MA, Gazzaz ZJ, Mal Y, Alyoubi WE, Alyoubi GH, Alaslani ST, Alshuaibi HA, Nawaz A, Alkaabi T. Consanguineous marriages, premarital screening, and genetic testing: a survey among Saudi university students. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1328300. [PMID: 38577288 PMCID: PMC10993994 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1328300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Marriage among cousins or close relatives, i.e., consanguinity, is prevalent in many parts of the world, especially the Muslim world. Across civilizations, cultural norms, religious beliefs, and economic factors affect consanguineous marriages (CMs); however, such marriages have social, genetic, and health repercussions. The present study investigated the university students' attitudes regarding CMs and factors influencing their attitudes at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted at KAU Jeddah in 2023. The questionnaire was distributed via electronic media (Emails, Facebook Messenger & WhatsApp). The convenience sampling technique was used to select participants, and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data on SPSS-26. Results A total of 1707 university students were part of the study (females, 1,198, 70.2%; males, 509, 29.8%). Almost half of the participants, 819 (48.0%), had parents with CMs. Most of the participants, 1,391 (81.5%), had CMs in the family. Half of the participants disagreed that parents consider marriage stable due to high compatibility and the same social relationship before and after marriage. About one-third of respondents said parents believe family marriage transmits cultural values and continuity and keeps wealth in the family. More than three-fourths of the participants stated that if marriage is arranged with first cousins, they will opt for genetic analysis (82.5%) and premarital counseling (85.2%). The personal attitudes of females (p < 0.001), undergraduate (p = 0.02), and health sciences students (p = 0.02) were more positive than their counterparts. Males (OR = 0.41; p < 0.001) and non-health sciences students (OR = 0.68; p = 0.01) were less likely to have significant positive attitudes than their counterparts. Among participants who had CM parents, males (OR = 0.397; p < 0.001) and non-health sciences students (OR = 0.60; p = 0.01) and urban residents (OR = 0.59; p = 0.01) had significantly lower odds of having a positive attitude than their counterparts. Conclusion The practice of CMs is still prevalent in Saudi culture, with almost half of the participants having CM parents and the majority reporting these marriages in their families. Personal attitudes toward CMs were extremely positive. Most students prefer genetic testing and premarital counseling if marrying first cousins. Gender, faculty, parental income, and educational background influenced participants' attitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Jameel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Abdulaziz Murad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssof Mal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedyan Eid Alyoubi
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadi Hamed Alyoubi
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoug Tawfiq Alaslani
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ayesha Nawaz
- SHO, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Turki Alkaabi
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abualhamael SA, Baig M, Alghamdi W, Gazzaz ZJ, Al-Hayani M, Bazi A. Quality of life, stress, anxiety and depression and associated factors among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Western region Saudi Arabia. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1282249. [PMID: 38288058 PMCID: PMC10823007 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1282249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of life (QoL), depression, anxiety, and stress, along with associated factors among individuals with diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Methods This survey was conducted at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) was conducted using the DASS-21 questionnaire, while diabetes-related QoL was evaluated using the revised version of the diabetes QoL questionnaire (RV-DQoL13). Data were analyzed using SPSS-26. Results A total of 251 subjects were included in the study (165 [65.7%] males and 86 [34.3%] females, mean age 50.1 ± 14.5 years). The individuals with DM had a mean value of QoL of 29.16 ± 9.23, with 46.9% having poor QoL. Furthermore, in dimensions of QoL, almost half of the individuals reported high worry about the disease (49.6%), followed by a high diabetes impact (46.6%) and low life satisfaction (42.9%). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 49.4, 71.7, and 49.8%, respectively. A significant correlation was found between depression, anxiety, and stress and DASS-21 scores with QoL (p < 0.001). The regression analysis indicated an association of distinct factors with QoL like age above 41 years (p = 0.004), being married (p < 0.001), being divorced (p = 0.04), higher education (p = 0.007), regular medicine intake (p = 0.01), regular exercise (p = 0.03), lipid profile (p = 0.01), HbA1c (p < 0.001), and DASS-21 scores (p < 0.001). Poor QoL score (TQoL score > 27) was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.001). The participants with higher monthly income, shorter disease duration, regular medicine use, and altered lipid profile, and older subjects had a lower chance of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion Approximately half of individuals with T2DM experienced poor QoL, while the prevalence rates for depression, anxiety, and stress were 49.4, 71.7, and 49.8%, respectively. Scores in the domains of impact, worry, and satisfaction were below optimal levels. Several factors were linked to QoL and depression, anxiety, and stress, and an association was observed between DASS-21 scores and QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Alghamdi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Al-Hayani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Bazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zubairi NA, Butt NS, Malik AA, Gazzaz ZJ. Evaluating patient safety research performance in Arab world countries: Changing trends and reflections. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:1595-1600. [PMID: 37936731 PMCID: PMC10626126 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.6.7514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Patient safety is a major concern in health care. Research is an important tool to minimize preventable errors. Research performance and trends evaluation need to be identified for future guidance. Our objective was to evaluate the research performance in Arab World countries related to patient safety so that real picture is available to all stake holders for future application. Methods This was a descriptive exploratory study carried at King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, using Bibliometric analyses on Web of Science extracted data, exploring the research publications related to Patient Safety from the Arab World in last two decades (2001-2020). Digital resources were used. Data collected was further explored to see the trends. Results Only 2% of total worldwide publications on Patient Safety were from Arab World. A positive trend, however, has emerged since 2015. Out of 5940 documents identified, only 383 had single authorship. Egypt and Saudi Arab were the major contributors. Other countries had less or even zero publications. Researchers are coordinating with others in Western countries to enhance the research productivity. Cairo University with 734 publications had most affiliations. Publications on safety culture and medication safety were frequent. Hospital Acquired Infections and error reporting had limited research. Conclusion Researches on patient safety in the Arab World are not sufficient. Countries other than Egypt and Saudi Arabia also need to contribute more frequently. Critical problems, like Hospital Acquired Infections, should have regular research from all countries to assist those treating patients and those making health related policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Alam Zubairi
- Nadeem Alam Zubairi, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Nadeem Shafique Butt, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Azam Malik
- Ahmad Azam Malik, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Zohair Jamil Gazzaz, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Murad HAS, AlHarthi NA, Bakarman MA, Gazzaz ZJ. Development and Validation of an Arabic Version of the Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 (DAST-10) among Saudi Drug Abusers. J Psychoactive Drugs 2022; 54:482-489. [PMID: 34955091 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2021.2013580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Drug Abuse Screening Test-10 (DAST-10) is a valid and reliable screening tool for drug use-related problems, however there is no Arabic version. To our knowledge, this is the first study to develop and validate an Arabic DAST-10 version. Saudi young adults participated in the study as two groups; drug users (n=360) recruited from Alamal Complex for Mental Health, Jeddah, and drug non-users (n=100). Three measures were used: (1) Demographic and drug use description questionnaire, (2) Arabic DAST-10 version, and (3) Urine analysis for drug use. The developed Arabic DAST-10 version demonstrated adequate internal consistency. High correlations were shown between its scores and the two standard measures (urine analysis and self-reporting question) indicating good criterion validity. Sensitivity and specificity values were between 91.5 - 99.7% and 57 - 92.5% with different DAST-10 cutoff values. An optimal performance at a cutoff score of 3 or more was most likely to significantly identify drug users. Discriminant analysis showed that more than 90% of cases were correctly classified. Distribution of participants in categories of DAST-10 scores according to degree of problems was reasonable. It is concluded that the developed Arabic DAST-10 version is a reliable and valid screening tool for drug use-related problems in Arabic speakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Aly Sayed Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwan Abdulrhman Bakarman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jameel T, Baig M, Tariq S, Gazzaz ZJ, Butt NS, Althagafi NK, Hazazi EY, Alsayed RS. Psychosocial, cultural, and academic challenges to Saudi Arabian students in Australia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262585. [PMID: 35100274 PMCID: PMC8803179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the perceptions of Saudi Arabian medical disciplines students undergoing training in various institutes of Australia regarding psychosocial, cultural, and academic challenges. Methods This cross-sectional study was from March 15 to June 15, 2019. Data were collected by an online questionnaire. It consisted of questions regarding demographic, psychosocial, cultural, and academic challenges. Two hundred nineteen students studying in Australia responded to our questionnaire. Results Of the total 219 students, 13(6.0%) were undergraduate, 167(76%) were postgraduate, and 39(18%) were Ph.D. students. For most students (171[79.2%]), Australia was the country of choice for studying. Most of them were satisfied with their academic performance and adjustment to the Australian way of living. Most of the students (180[82.2%]) showed satisfaction over the availability of fair chances of their religious practices in Australia. Few of them faced difficulties coping with the Australian climate (25[11.4%]), homesickness (59[26.9%]), and food and dietary sources (44[20.1%]). Students were overall satisfied with the student advisory system (156[71.2%]), university assessments (147[67.2%]), and available research facilities (170[77.6%]). Among participants, 77 (35.1%), 119(54.3%), and 23(10.5%) students indicated that they wished to stay in Australia only until completion of their studies, temporarily and permanently, respectively. Conclusions Our findings showed that Saudi students in Australia had strong psychosocial well-being, cultural integration, and academic success. Most of them were satisfied and adjusted well to Australian culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Jameel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
- * E-mail:
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Saba Tariq
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical & Dental College, University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Nouf Khaleel Althagafi
- Fifth year MBBS student, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Eman Yahya Hazazi
- Fifth year MBBS student, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Razan Saleh Alsayed
- Fifth year MBBS student, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmed TJ, Baig M, Bashir MA, Gazzaz ZJ, Butt NS, Khan SA. Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions related to telemedicine among young doctors and nursing staff at the King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital Jeddah, KSA. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:464-469. [PMID: 33851665 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_34_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the knowledge, perceptions, and attitude of young doctors and nurses at Kind Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) Jeddah, KSA, regarding the effectiveness of telemedicine in dealing with the patients for either follow-up or continuous monitoring of chronic diseases. Material and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on the young doctors and nursing staff at KAUH. An online questionnaire addressing all the required fields, i.e., background essential demography, perceptions, acceptance, and knowledge regarding telemedicine's utility, was sent to the targeted population of health care workers. Completed responses were analyzed statistically as per study objectives. Results The response rate in our study was 85%. A total of 335 participants responded to our questionnaire. One hundred seventy-one (51.1%) were doctors, whereas one hundred sixty-four (48.9%) were the nursing staff. Among doctors, 50 (29.4%) were recent graduates, whereas, in the nursing side, 77 (46.7%) were the senior nursing students. The knowledge and attitude of the young nursing staff were relatively better than the senior staff taking part in the study and the trends were found statistically significant. Conclusion Our study participants, being young, were enthusiastic, had good knowledge regarding the advantages and limitations of telemedicine in managing the selected groups of patients. Their perception and attitude were quite positive. This is an encouraging trend in the promotion of telemedicine as an established way of managing patients with special requirements in an effective way. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of telemedicine in emergencies to protect both patients and health care workers by reducing chronic patients' avoidable hospital visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Bashir
- Department of Surgical and Allied, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z J Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - N S Butt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S A Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Several factors are linked with a higher risk of mortality from Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), including male gender, increased age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer. Hyperglycemic COVID-19 patients have severe clinical problems, increased ICU admittance, machine-driven ventilation, and a substantial rise in inflammatory markers. Among all patients, those with diabetes or hyperglycemia have a two- to four-fold increase in mortality and severity of COVID-19 than those without diabetes. The primary cause of mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes is compromised immune response to viral infections. Increased blood sugar level probably affects intracellular degradation of bacteria, neutrophil chemotaxis, and phagocytosis, thus improving viral binding affinity and entry and decreasing virus clearance. In addition, it has significant effects on the proteins by inducing glycosylation and altering the composition of complements, and glycosylation renders cells susceptible to viral inflammation and damage. The treatment of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes requires an integrated team approach to minimize the risk of medical complications and mortality. Moreover, physicians should adopt proactive strategies to care for persons with comorbidities. This strategy would help reduce the frequency of complications and mortality among patients and load on the healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rehman R, Fatima K, Hussain M, Sarim M, Gazzaz ZJ, Baig M. Association between depression and health risk behaviors among university students, Karachi, Pakistan. Cogent Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2021.1886626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kiran Fatima
- Department of Physiology, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Hussain
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdurrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Sarim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baig M, Alghalayini KW, Gazzaz ZJ, Atta H. Association of Serum Omentin-1, Chemerin, and Leptin with Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Risk Factors. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1183-1188. [PMID: 32968377 PMCID: PMC7501013 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.6.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the association of serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its risk factors among individuals admitted with AMI to the coronary care unit (CCU). Methods: The current case-control study was conducted at the CCU of King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), in 2016-2018. A total of 122 AMI patients admitted to CCU, and 52 BMI and age-matched healthy subjects, between 30 and 65 years of age, were included. Results: Chemerin and omentin-1 are independent predictors of the incidence of MI. Furthermore, serum omentin-1 was significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be significantly raised among the individuals with AMI compared to the healthy subjects, and no notable change was found in the serum leptin level. Serum omentin-1, chemerin, and leptin were significantly correlated with weight, BMI, waist circumference in patients, and control subjects. Binary logistic regression analysis displayed that the occurrence of MI is positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TC, TG, LDL-C, hsCRP, and chemerin and in a negative manner with HDL-C, and omentin. The chemerin and omentin-1 were also linked with the MI in multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusions: The present results indicated that the serum omentin levels were significantly lowered while chemerin and hsCRP levels were found to be markedly raised among patients. No change was found in serum leptin levels. Serum chemerin and omentin-1 levels were independently associated with the MI. It appears that these parameters may be used to assess the risk spectrum of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Baig
- Dr. Mukhtiar Baig, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Waheeb Alghalayini
- Dr. Kamal Waheeb Alghalayini, SBIM. Consultant Cardiologist, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Dr. Zohair Jamil Gazzaz, Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Atta
- Dr. Hazem Atta, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Baig M, Gazzaz ZJ, Farouq M. Blended Learning: The impact of blackboard formative assessment on the final marks and students' perception of its effectiveness. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:327-332. [PMID: 32292428 PMCID: PMC7150402 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.3.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the impact of Blackboard (Bb) formative assessment on the final score in the endocrine module and determine the medical students’ perception of the impact and effectiveness of Bb. Methods: This exploratory case study was carried out at the King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Blackboard was used in the course management and formative assessment of third-year medical students and three years of data was collected (2016, 2017, 2019). In the last week of the module before the final exam, a formative assessment test that comprised of 50 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) was posted on Bb each year. All the students filled a questionnaire regarding their perception about the impact and effectiveness of Bb. Results: Overall, summative exam scores were significantly higher than the scores in formative assessment (p <0.001). A substantial positive correlation was observed between students’ marks in the online (Bb) MCQ exam and their final exam marks (p <0.001). Regarding the features of Bb, most often used by the students’ were course resources uploaded on the Bb, assignments, online quizzes, and others. Majority of the students were satisfied with the use of Bb in this module. Conclusions: The majority of the students liked this blended learning (BL) method and conceded the impact and effectiveness of Bb. The formative online assessment on Bb improved the students’ performance in the final exam and a positive correlation was noted between students’ marks in online (Bb) exams with their final exam marks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Baig
- Dr. Mukhtiar Baig, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Dr. Zohair Jamil Gazzaz, Ph.D. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Farouq
- Dr. Mohammed Farouq, ABP. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gazzaz ZJ, Iftikhar R, Jameel T, Baig M, Murad MA. Association of Dyslipidemia and Comorbidities with Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:935-941. [PMID: 32280252 PMCID: PMC7125330 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s235546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To find out the association of dyslipidemia and comorbidities with risk factors among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred and twenty-five T2DM patients were enrolled from the electronic record of the KAUH. The patients' existing comorbidities and dyslipidemia correlation with demographic, clinical, and available laboratory data were sought. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS-23. RESULTS Of the total 325 T2DM patients with a mean age of 60.13±10.5 years [males 95 (29.23%) and females 230 (70.77%)] were included from the electronic record. Poor glycemic control was observed in 222 (68.31%) subjects (HbA1c > 7%), and 154 (47.39%) subjects had DM for more than ten years. Among our study subjects, 103 (31.69%) were hypertensive (HTN), 112 (34.46%) had ischemic heart disease (IHD), 45 (13.85%) were obese, 8(2.46%) had a stroke and 269 (82.77%) had dyslipidemia. Of the total 269 dyslipidemic patients,168 (62.45%) were on hypolipidemic treatment. On comparison of study variables according to dyslipidemia versus normal lipid levels, the lipid profile, including HDLc, LDLc, TC, and TG, revealed a highly significant difference (p-value <0.001) whereas many variables were not significantly different. HBA1c, FBG, and RBG were significantly higher in dyslipidemic subjects. Logistic regression analysis of risk factors and comorbidities in our patients revealed that age 60-69 years and 70-79 years had a significant association with comorbidities. Similarly, logistic regression analysis of risk factors and dyslipidemia in our patients revealed no statistically significant association. CONCLUSION Our results observed that the comorbidities were associated with increasing age and common comorbidities were HTN, IHD, dyslipidemia. Our study has highlighted the current trends in T2DM symptomatology and comorbidities. Efficient management and control by early screening and developing healthy lifestyles in our patients can be very helpful in the prevention of all these highly morbid complications of this preventable disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahila Iftikhar
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Rahila Iftikhar Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah22431, Saudi ArabiaTel +13467541966 Email
| | - Tahir Jameel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Abdulaziz Murad
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gazzaz ZJ, Butt NS, Zubairi NA, Malik AA. Scientometric Evaluation of Research Productivity on Diabetes from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia over the Last Two Decades (2000-2019). J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:1514282. [PMID: 33195701 PMCID: PMC7648707 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1514282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) platform and later bibliometric analysis performed using the "R-Bibliometrix" package. A wide range of indicators was explored to measure the quantity and quality of the publications related to diabetes from KSA. RESULTS Saudi Arabia was 28th in rank with 2600 documents (0.83% of global share). Articles were the main document type (76%). The total number of authors was 9715 from 104 countries. Three authors showed >50 publications and >100 total citations while 2 authors showed an H-index of ≥20. The USA, UK, and Egypt were other leading contributive countries in terms of corresponding authors and total citations per country. King Saud University was the major contributing affiliation followed by King Abdulaziz University. Among 865 sources, Saudi Medical Journal was the leading and consistent source over the years. Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus, and Type 2 Diabetes were the most frequently used keywords. CONCLUSION This study provides a macroscopic overview of diabetes-related research output from KSA. Overall, similar identifications and trends of top authors were observed in terms of productivity, impact, international collaborations, and organizational affiliations. Generally, an increasing productivity trend was observed with the majority published in the last 5 to 10 years. Study findings can benefit relevant stakeholders to better understand the trends and performance of diabetes-related regional research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Centre to the Kingdom's Vision Realization, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Alam Zubairi
- Department of Pediatrics, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Azam Malik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rehman R, Zahid N, Amjad S, Baig M, Gazzaz ZJ. Relationship Between Smoking Habit and Sperm Parameters Among Patients Attending an Infertility Clinic. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1356. [PMID: 31736779 PMCID: PMC6834764 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to estimate stress markers, oxidative stress (OS), reproductive hormones and sperm parameters in male smokers and non-smokers and observe the impact of oxidative stress markers and smoking on sperm count, motility and morphology in a selected population of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2018 at Aga Khan University (AKU), in Karachi, Pakistan. The subjects were recruited from the Sindh Institute of Reproductive Medicine (SIRM), Karachi based on defined inclusion criteria. The subjects were categorized into fertile and infertile based on cut off values of sperm parameters as recommended by the WHO i.e., sperm count/ejaculate of 39 × 106/ml, sperm motility 40% and normal morphology 4%. Two hundred eleven fertile and 165 infertile male subjects were included in the study. Serum cortisol, adrenaline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were analyzed by ELISA kits. Data was analyzed on SPSS-22. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and body fat were similar among smokers and non-smokers. Age was significantly lower, while mean BMI and body fat were significantly higher among infertile smokers vs. fertile smokers (p-value < 0.05). The testosterone levels were significantly reduced among smokers as compared to non- smokers (p-value < 0.05). The median cortisol levels were increased as well as GPX, and steroid hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were significantly reduced among smokers as compared to non-smokers. Additionally, the same findings with a significant difference have also been observed among infertile smokers as compared to fertile smokers (p-value < 0.05). This study has shown that the semen parameters (total count, motility, and morphology) are decreased in infertile smokers as compared to infertile non-smokers. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that smoking causes a significant decrease in sperm count and morphology but it did not have any significant effect on motility. Conclusion Smoking has a significant effect on fertility, specifically sperm count and normal morphology of sperm. This might be due to OS produced by smoking, which has devastating effects on semen parameters, thus reducing male fertility. Infertility specialist should counsel their patients about the ill effects of smoking on their fertility status and should advise maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including normal weight and avoiding smoking, to prevent future health problems. Hence smokers should quit smoking for their next generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nida Zahid
- Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Amjad
- Department of Physiology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jameel T, Gazzaz ZJ, Baig M, Tashkandi JM, Alharenth NS, Butt NS, Shafique A, Iftikhar R. Medical students' preferences towards learning resources and their study habits at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:30. [PMID: 30654842 PMCID: PMC6335830 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to explore why our medical students are avoiding the study of professional textbooks. We conducted this study from 10th March to 15th May 2017 at the King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, to investigate their preferences towards learning resources, their study habits and correlation of academic achievements as a result of these trends. A questionnaire was provided as a web link. The participants of the study included medical students and data was analyzed on SPSS-Version 21. RESULTS A total of 347/500 medical students participated in the study. Among our participants, there were 123 (35.5%) males and 224 (64.6%) were females. Female students' spent most of their time reading textbooks as compared to males (P-value = 0.001). Males mostly preferred the lecture handouts provided by their teachers. One-third of students admitted that, due to lack of a good grasp of English, they do not readily understand textbooks and consequently 67 (19.3%) students' showed a lack of interest in textbooks. Majority of the males 103 (84%) spent twice a time (66 vs. 33%) watching television as compared to the females. WhatsApp and Facebook kept both the sexes busy in most of their spare time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Jameel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Educationist, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ansar Shafique
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahila Iftikhar
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sayedalamin Z, Halawa TF, Baig M, Almutairi O, Allam H, Jameel T, Gazzaz ZJ, Atta H. Undergraduate medical research in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: a descriptive study of the students' perspective. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:283. [PMID: 29739473 PMCID: PMC5941694 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a lack of research-oriented physicians in several Arab countries and especially in Gulf region countries. In this context, it is important to explore medical students' perceptions and motivations towards research. The aim of the present study was to investigate research attitude, practices, and motivations among medical students from GCC countries. RESULTS There were 228 students who participated in this study (male 88, females 140). Thirty-eight percent of the students were participating from Saudi Arabia, 20.6% from the UAE, 17.1% from Oman, 12.7% from Kuwait and 11.4% from Bahrain. Among participants, 43.0% had experience of funded research, and 53.1% had a contribution to research. The confidence of participants in their ability to interpret and to write a research paper was quite high (70.2%). The majority of the students (87.3%) believed that undergraduate students could conduct research and can present at conferences. Improving research skills, attaining research publication, and improvement in patient care were claimed as the top three motives for conducting research. The majority (75.0%) were compelled to research to facilitate their acceptance to a residency program and 63.6% due to compulsion for a research methodology course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Sayedalamin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Taher Fawzy Halawa
- Department of Pediatrics/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Almutairi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Allam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Jameel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Atta
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gazzaz ZJ, Baig M, Al Alhendi BSM, Al Suliman MMO, Al Alhendi AS, Al-Grad MSH, Qurayshah MAA. Perceived stress, reasons for and sources of stress among medical students at Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. BMC Med Educ 2018; 18:29. [PMID: 29471824 PMCID: PMC5824476 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-018-1133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical students have high levels of stress that could be due to the daily life stressors and the extra stress of academic burden. The present study investigated the perceived stress level as well as the reasons and sources of stress among medical students at a comparatively newly established medical college affiliated with King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). METHODS The present study was carried out at Rabigh Medical College (RMC), KAU, Jeddah, and completed in 2015. The data was collected by an anonymous self-administered questionnaire that has three components: a list of 33 items of probable stressors, perceived stress scale, and demographic information and academics. RESULTS The response rate in our study was 86% (152/176), the mean age was 20.35 ± 1.09, 77 (51%) were from preclinical years and 75 (49%) from clinical years. The mean PSS score among our participants was 28.5 ± 3.8 with a median of 28.0 (IQR 26.0-31.0) and 59.2% of participants were stressed. The mean PSS score 30.6 ± 4.4 for students with sibling > 5 was significantly higher as compared to the mean PSS score (27.9 ± 3.3) for students with sibling ≤5. Similarly, the mean PSS score (32.0 ± 3.4) of students with often/always occurrence of psychosocial stressors was higher as compared to the mean PSS score (28.3 ± 3.7) of those students with less than a frequent occurrence of stressors. Moreover, those students that were more stressed had lower marks in the last exam (< 80%) as compared to students with less stress who had higher marks (≥80%) (P < .05). Performance in practicals, examinations frequency, disappointment with the class lectures, lack of personal interest in medicine, lengthy academic curriculum/syllabus, worries about the future and periodic examinations performance were rated as severe. The logistic regression analysis showed that stress cases were linked with last exam marks [OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.64-2.48], number of siblings [OR 2.27, 95% CI 0.97-5.27], and academic stressor [OR 2.02, 95% CI 0.61-6.66] but no significant relationship was found. CONCLUSION There were high-stress levels among the participants of this study, and the main stressors were academic-related.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry/Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abdelrahman AS, Gazzaz ZJ, Khabaz MN, Bakarman MA, Yaseen A, Butt NS, Alhabib M, Majnuni A, Almousa AA, Alkayal M, Malik AA. Screening of Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. Glob J Health Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v10n3p161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Identifying people with an increasing risk of diabetes provides a chance to change some factors before the occurrence of serious sequelae and permits the expectation of diabetes tendencies and the necessitated means to manage emerging diabetes. This current research aimed to screen students versus employees in Rabigh campus, King Abdulaziz University for the incidence of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus Type 2.METHODS: A sample of 279 was proportionally taken from student and employee study groups. Structured Modified Diabetic Risk Test (MDRT) questionnaire was adapted to be filled by each participant. Impaired glucose tolerance, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure of all participants were quantified. This study was done from January 2017 to March 2017.RESULTS: Higher pre-diabetic and diabetic risks were observed in employee as compared to students (ORPre-Dia=4.07 with 95% CI =1.518-10.95; ORDia=2.913 with 95% CI 0.815-10.41). Waist circumference and body mass index of students showed significant association with glucose level with p values 0.003 and 0.002 respectively.CONCLUSION: There are an alarming number of individuals with the risk of being affected by diabetes in both students and employees among this study population. These findings emphasize on the need for a primary healthcare clinic role in the screening, management, follow up and promoting community awareness of Diabetes Mellitus.
Collapse
|
18
|
Baig M, Gazzaz ZJ, Atta H, Alyaseen MA, Albagshe AJ, Alattallah HG. Prevalence and attitude of university students towards mobile phone use while driving in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2018; 25:372-377. [DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2018.1431940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem Atta
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rafeeq MM, Habib HS, Murad HAS, Gari MA, Gazzaz ZJ. Effect of genetic polymorphisms in SREBF-SCAP pathway on therapeutic response to rosuvastatin in Saudi metabolic syndrome patients. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:185-196. [PMID: 29318930 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Genetic variants contribute to statins' therapeutic variability. SREBF-SCAP pathway is a key player in lipid homeostasis. Hence, effect of SREBF-SCAP polymorphisms on therapeutic response was studied. PATIENTS & METHODS Metabolic syndrome patients of either sex were prescribed rosuvastatin 10 mg for 24 weeks. Clinical, anthropometric and lipid measurements were done before and after treatment. Genotyping was done by pyrosequencing. RESULTS & CONCLUSION No associations of SCAP and SREBF-1a genotypes with baseline lipids but significant associations with lipid reductions were observed. Significant effect of SCAP (GG; B = -8.16, p = 0.001); SREBF-1a (GG; B = -7.47, p = 0.001) and SREBF-1a (-delG; B = -7.42, p = 0.001) was observed on total cholesterol reduction. Additive trend was found between SCAP genotypes and lipid reductions. A total of 88% responders have SCAP 'G' allele (p = 0.001). Patients carrying SCAP (GG) and SREBF-1a (GG and -delG) have 9.5-, 8.6- and 14.6-times more likelihood of being responders (p < 0.05). 'G' allele in SCAP and SREBF-1a is significant predictor of rosuvastatin response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misbahuddin Mohd Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Said Habib
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussam Aly Sayed Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia & Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh Abdullah Gari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rehman R, Lalani S, Baig M, Nizami I, Rana Z, Gazzaz ZJ. Association Between Vitamin D, Reproductive Hormones and Sperm Parameters in Infertile Male Subjects. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:607. [PMID: 30386296 PMCID: PMC6198108 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of infertility and vitamin D deficiency is common in Pakistan. Therefore, our study aims were to assess and compare Vitamin D; 25-hydroxyvitamin (25OHD) and reproductive hormone levels in male fertile and infertile subjects with normal and abnormal sperm parameters. Furthermore, the study is aimed to explore the association of 25OHD levels with these sperm parameters in a selected population of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2016 till December 2017, 313 study subjects were recruited from an Infertile Clinic from Islamabad, Pakistan, and the general population. First, we took the couples' history of parenting and then carried out a semen analysis and infertile and fertile male subjects were then subgrouped into "normal" and "altered sperm parameter/s." Forward linear regression was done for selection of 25OHD as a significant predictor of sperm parameters. Results: The median values of the total count, motility, morphology as well as serum 25OHD were significantly higher in the group with "normal" (186) as compared to subjects (127) in "abnormal sperm parameters" group. The 25OHD levels were significantly high in males with "normal sperm parameters"; 80.90 ± 23.33 nmol/L vs. "altered sperm parameter/s," 64.68 ± 24.21 nmol/L (mean ± SD) with p < 0.001. Serum testosterone level had a significant positive correlation with 25OHD while LH had a significant negative correlation with 25OHD (p < 0.001), and FSH level had a non-significant negative correlation with 25OHD. Results of regression model showed one unit increase of motility would give 0.15-unit positive significant impact on 25OHD; 20% variation in 25OHD was explained by the total count, motility, and morphology, while the model was adjusted for BMI. Conclusion: The impact of 25OHD levels on sperm parameters can be emphasized on the basis of detection of its high serum levels in "normal" subjects in both fertile as well as infertile males in comparison to subjects that had altered sperm parameters; total sperm count, motility, and normal morphology. The considerably positive association between 25OHD, testosterone, total count, motility, and morphology further accentuates its impact on normal spermatogenesis and the male reproductive functions required for acquiring fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Salima Lalani
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman Nizami
- Medical Student, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Rana
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Murad HA, Gazzaz ZJ, Ali SS, Ibraheem MS. Candesartan, rather than losartan, improves motor dysfunction in thioacetamide-induced chronic liver failure in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e6665. [PMID: 28953991 PMCID: PMC5609604 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20176665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is more common than the acute syndrome. Losartan, the first angiotensin-II receptor blocker (ARB), and candesartan, another widely-used ARB, have protected against developing fibrogenesis, but there is no clear data about their curative antifibrotic effects. The current study was designed to examine their effects in an already-established model of hepatic fibrosis and also their effects on the associated motor dysfunction. Low-grade chronic liver failure (CLF) was induced in 3-month old Sprague-Dawley male rats using thioacetamide (TAA, 50 mg·kg-1·day-1) intraperitoneally for 2 weeks. The TAA-CLF rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8) treated orally for 14 days (mg·kg-1·day-1) as follows: TAA (distilled water), losartan (5 and 10 mg/kg), and candesartan (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg). Rats were tested for rotarod and open-field tests. Serum and hepatic biochemical markers, and hepatic histopathological changes were evaluated by H&E and Masson's staining. The TAA-CLF rats showed significant increases of hepatic malondialdehyde, hepatic expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and serum ammonia, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, TNF-α, and malondialdehyde levels as well as significant decreases of hepatic and serum glutathione levels. All treatments significantly reversed these changes. The histopathological changes were moderate in losartan-5 and candesartan-0.1 groups and mild in losartan-10 and candesartan-0.3 groups. Only candesartan significantly improved TAA-induced motor dysfunction. In conclusion, therapeutic antifibrotic effects of losartan and candesartan in thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats are possibly through angiotensin-II receptor blocking, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Improved motor dysfunction by candesartan could be attributed to better brain penetration and slower "off-rate" from angiotensin-II receptors. Clinical trials are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Z J Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S S Ali
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Ibraheem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rafeeq MM, Habib HS, Murad H, Gari MA, Gazzaz ZJ. Effect of rosuvastatin on dyslipidemia and other parameters associated with metabolic syndrome in Saudi patients. Niger J Clin Pract 2017; 20:445-453. [PMID: 28406125 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.197021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a constellation of metabolic irregularities consisting of dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, chronic inflammatory, and hypercoagulable state predisposing to diabetes and cardiovascular events. Statins are first-line drugs to treat the associated atherogenic dyslipidemia. AIM Effect of rosuvastatin on MS in Saudi patients was studied. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Prospective, open label, randomized clinical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients of either sex ≥18 years (n = 153) having MS as per modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were prescribed rosuvastatin 10 mg OD for 24 weeks. Serum lipids, biochemical, clinical, and anthropometric parameters were studied before and after treatment. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Statistical Package for Social Sciences version17 was used. Descriptive analysis was used for all variables and documented as mean ± SD. Normality checked by Shapiro-Wilk test, Kurtosis and Skewness Z-score, and visualization of histograms. Lipid levels and other parameters before and after treatment were evaluated by paired t-test for parametric data and Wilcoxon signed rank test for nonparametric data. Pre- and post-test values were correlated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Multiple regression analysis was performed to see effect of other variables. RESULTS Highly significant reduction was observed in low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides; very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and atherosclerotic index with an elevation in high density lipoprotein cholesterol. A total of 86% patients reached low density lipoprotein cholesterol goal of ≤ 100 mg/dL. Beneficial response was observed on other associated parameters. There was strong correlation between pre- and post values. No significant effect was observed for any of the variables on cholesterol reduction. No serious/severe adverse effect was observed. CONCLUSION Rosuvastatin markedly improved atherogenic dyslipidemia of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - H S Habib
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Has Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A Gari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z J Gazzaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shamim MS, Zubairi NA, Sayed MH, Gazzaz ZJ. Innovation in ethics and professionalism course: Early experience with portfolio-workbook. J PAK MED ASSOC 2016; 66:1149-1153. [PMID: 27654737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse students' perception regarding the use of portfolio-workbook in ethics course. METHODS This mixed method study was conducted at the King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in 2014, and comprised fourth-year medical students. The "portfolio-workbook", developed on principles of cognitive load and guided learning theories, contained essential reading material. Learning sessions were also facilitated by teaching tools like role-plays, movie/video clips, vignettes, etc., followed by reflective writing exercises. Feedback questionnaire with open- and closed-ended questions was used to collect data. Quantitative data was analysed for frequencies and percentages. Content analysis was conducted for the open-ended responses. RESULTS Of the 20 participants, 10(50%) considered using portfolio-workbook as difficult initially. However, on completion of module 16(80%) found it easy. Moreover, 17(85%) appreciated it as a learning tool. Besides, 19(95%) students found teaching videos and 13(65%) found open discussions as effective learning tools. Portfolio-workbook as an assessment tool was preferred by 19(95%) students. CONCLUSIONS The use of portfolio-workbook in teaching ethics to undergraduates was found to be encouraging as it generated interest and interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Shamim
- Medical Education Unit, , Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Alam Zubairi
- Department of Pediatrics, , Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Hesham Sayed
- Department of Pediatrics, , Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Vice Director, Center of Strategic Studies, Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Flimban MA, Abduljabar DF, Dhafar KO, Deiab BA, Gazzaz ZJ, Bansuan AU, Balbed AA, Al-Shaikhi AM, Al-Motari SS, Suliman MI. Analysis of patient falls among hospitalised patients in Makkah region. J PAK MED ASSOC 2016; 66:994-998. [PMID: 27524535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency and its correlation of patient fall with preventing or precipitating factors among inpatients. METHODS The observational study was conducted in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia from October 15 2012 to November 4, 2013. Data was collected using a questionnaire from 16 hospitals in four districts of Makkah province. The material was sampled through systematic randomisation from inpatient files and data was collected for those who had fallen inside the hospital. The questionnaire, validated through a pilot study run under the Directorate of Quality and Patient Safety in Makkah, was used to see whether the hospitals had adopted and applied international standards for assessment of adult and paediatric patients for falls as well as effectiveness of these applications. RESULTS Of 4,799 beds, occupancy rates ranged from 1680(35%) to 4,799(100%). Out of 291 falls in all, 144(49.48%) were in Jeddah. Besides, 116(40%) of the falls occurred in the last quarter of the Islamic calendar. Statistically significant difference was found in fall episodes in different months (p=0.007). Statistical analysis indicated that the factors that significantly raised the number of patient falls were increase in hospital beds and their occupancy rate (Spearman's correlation: 0.621 and 0.579 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The frequency of falls varied from hospital to hospital and factors like higher number of bed capacity and occupancy rate increased the falls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abdulwahab Flimban
- General Director: Quality and Patient Safety Department. General Directorate of Makkah Region Health Affairs
| | - Dalal Fouad Abduljabar
- Patient Safety Supervisor, Quality and Patient Safety Administration in General Directorate of Makkah Region Health Affairs, Makkah Al-Mukkaramah
| | | | - Basma Abdulhameed Deiab
- Nursing Department Makkah Region General Directorate of Healthcare Affair Makkah Region-Nursing Department, Makkah Al-Mukkaramah
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Assistant Professor of Medicine /Consultant Medicine (Diabetes) Rabigh Medical College King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
| | - Abasra Usman Bansuan
- Nursing Department, King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital / Taif, Directorate of Healthcare Affair Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Ahmad Balbed
- General Directorate of Healthcare Affair Makkah Region-Quality and Patient Safety Department, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Mohammed Al-Shaikhi
- Nursing Department Al-Qunfotha Hospital Directorate of Healthcare Affair Al-Qunfotha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Saad Al-Motari
- Nursing Department Al-Qunfotha Hospital Directorate of Healthcare Affair Al-Qunfotha,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Suliman
- Clinical Skills, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine at Rabigh, King Abdul Aziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Imran M, Shamim MS, Baig M, Farouq M, Gazzaz ZJ, Al-Mutairi OM. Tale of two cities: comparison of educational environment of two colleges (Jeddah and Rabigh) affiliated with one university. J PAK MED ASSOC 2016; 66:316-319. [PMID: 26968284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate students' perception about the educational environment at two medical colleges. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh and Jeddah campuses, in Saudi Arabia, during the first semester of the year 2014 using Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure inventory. Data was collected from undergraduate medical students and analysed using SPSS 16. RESULTS Of the 279 subjects in the study, 141(50.5%) belonged to the Rabigh campus, and 138(49.5%) to the Jeddah campus. Overall mean Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure inventory score was 124.90±20.66. The score for Jeddah was 131.38±21.37 and for Rabigh it was 118.56±17.85 (p=0.0001). The difference was also statistically significant in all domains of the inventory (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS Students' perception of their educational environment was positive in both campuses, it was more positive in Jeddah compared to Rabigh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Muhammad Shahid Shamim
- Medical Education Unit and Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Assessment Unit and Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Mohamed Farouq
- Clinical Affairs, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Department of Medicine, Consultant Medicine (Diabetes), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Khabaz MN, Al-Maghrabi JA, Nedjadi T, Gar MA, Bakarman M, Gazzaz ZJ, Ibrahim AM. Does Val/Val genotype of GSTP1 enzyme affects susceptibility to colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia? Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2016; 37:46-52. [PMID: 26994385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) is a candidate enzyme that may be involved in colorectal cancer susceptibility. Polymorphism of GSTP1 gene may cause changes in expression or structure which lead to alteration in the efficiency of catalytic function of the enzyme variants, i.e., deficient detoxification of carcinogens and consequently influences coloreActal cancer development. The present report examined the possible impact of GSTP1 (Ilel05Val) polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer. METHODS Samples of paraffin embedded tissues from 83 patients with colorectal cancer as well as thirty five non-cancerous colon tissues were collected from the archive of the pathology department at King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia. All cancer and control samples were subjects to DNA extraction then amplification. DNA genetic analyzer from Applied Biosystems was used to sequence the product of amplification for genotypes determination. RESULTS None of the genotypes of GSTP1 was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer development. There were no statistical differences in the frequencies of GSTP1 genotypes between colorectal cancer cases and controls. CONCLUSION The incidence of (Val/Val) genotype in colorectal cancer cases was three folds higher than controls. This finding is not statistically significant, but it could be of clinical consequence that it may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabia.
Collapse
|
27
|
Sindy AI, Baljoon MJ, Zubairi NA, Dhafar KO, Gazzaz ZJ, Deiab BA, Hothali FA. Pattern of patients and diseases during mass transit: The day of Arafat experience. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:1099-103. [PMID: 26648994 PMCID: PMC4641263 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.315.8017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Every year 2-3 million Muslims gather for a few days around the Holy city of Makkah in Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj. Managing enormous health issues associated with such a mass gathering requires a very vibrant health delivery plan. Related research is part of the strategy. This study was done to assess the pattern of patients and illnesses encountered at one health facility at Arafat on the 2nd day of Hajj, when all the pilgrims move from Mina and stay in Arafat for a few hours. The objective of the study was to provide input so that recommendations can be given for future improvement of health care during this mass transit. Methods: All patients reporting sick to the Nimra Hospital on the Day of Arafat were included and documented on a detailed Performa and analyzed. Results: We received 211 patients, essentially all of those were in need of acute medical intervention. Acute severe asthma and injuries were the major problems encountered. There were two deaths both related to heat stroke. Patients received were predominantly Arabic speaking. Conclusions: Only those needing acute intervention seek medical advice during transit. Well equipped and staffed health facilities are, however, needed to cater these and for any mass casualties. Pre Hajj training and mandatory Flu vaccination can help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulfattah I Sindy
- Dr. Abdulfattah I. Sindy, MB ChB. Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nadeem Alam Zubairi
- Dr. Nadeem Alam Zubairi, FCPS. Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Obaid Dhafar
- Dr. Khalid Obaid Dhafar, FRCS. Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zohair Jamil Gazzaz
- Dr. Zohair Jamil Gazzaz, PhD. Rabigh Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Abdulhameed Deiab
- Dr. Basma Abdulhameed Deiab, PhD. General Directorate of healthcare affairs, Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gazzaz ZJ, Tashkandi A, Dhafar KO, Farooq MU. Clinical profile of haemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy leading to end stage renal disease. Niger J Med 2010; 19:153-6. [PMID: 20642079 DOI: 10.4314/njm.v19i2.56505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of patients with end-stage renal failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus as a comorbid condition has increased progressively in the past decades. Causes of renal disease might vary from one population to another. The aim of this study was to know the characteristics of the diabetic patients on regular dialysis at Al-noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY The data had been collected retrospectively in the month of Shawal 1425 corresponding to 13-11-2004----12-12-2004 from the diabetic patients directly that were on dialysis due to end stage renal disease (ESRD) and from their files. RESULTS The mean age of Diabetics was (55.2 years) showing male predominance 31 (60.8%). All were Saudies. The mean duration of Diabetes mellitus & dialysis were (16.8 years) and (22 months), respectively. The mean age of start of Diabetes mellitus & dialysis was (37.4 years) & (53.5 years). The mean duration of onset of diabetes to dialysis was (16.1 years). Out of the total, 29 (56.9%) were non-smoker. Patients with family H/O diabetes with other associated illnesses were 23 (45%) followed by 15 (29.4%) had family H/O only diabetes. Type II diabetics were 40 (78.4%). Regarding metabolic profile, patients with high blood glucose level were 10 (19.6%) while 3 (5.9%), 50 (98%) & 18 (35.3%) patients had high cholesterol, low density lipoprotein & triglyceride levels, respectively. CONCLUSION Maximum patients were in sixth decade of life. Up to three fourth patients had family H/O diabetes. Most of the subjects had only diabetic nephropathy Maximum patients had high low density lipoprotein level. Dialysis was main treatment to control diabetes.
Collapse
|
29
|
Tashkandy MA, Gazzaz ZJ, Farooq MU, Dhafar KO. Reasons for delay in inpatient admission at an emergency department. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008; 20:38-42. [PMID: 19024183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study highlighted the reasons which contributed to longer stay of patients in Emergency Department (ED) who were advised admission. METHODOLOGY This study was conducted from August 4 to 11, 2004G as a retrospective review of the ED cards of patients admitted to inpatients wards of Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The demographic data, doctors & nurses notes with their timings were reviewed. The maximum consumed time by a reason was considered as the main reason of delay for that subject. The delayed patients were divided into Group A and B, delayed before and after admission was advised, respectively. Prolonged length of stay (Delay) in ED was defined as stay longer than 2 hours after patient's arrival in ED until they were received to wards. RESULTS Out of total 4876 visits during study period, 355 (7.3%) patients were admitted, and 238 (67%) were delayed. Age group 13-30 years was common in delayed 78 (32.8%) and not delayed 56 (47.9%) subjects. The mean length of stay of delayed subjects was 256 minutes. Group A 146 (61.4%) had more subjects than group B 92 (38.6%) (p < 0.001). Fifty eight (39.7%) patients stayed between 2-3hours in Group A vs. B 23 (25%) (OR 2, 95% CI 1.1-3.5). Common reason of delay in Group A was multiple consultations with further investigations 70 (48%) (p < 0.001) while file making process was common 40 (43.5%) in group B (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Out of admitted patients 67% were delayed mainly due to late advised admission with major reason of delay were multiple consultations.
Collapse
|