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Sander M, Magar SD, Etter M, Balducci A, Borchardt L. The "In situ electrolyte" as a sustainable alternative for the realization of high-power devices. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301746. [PMID: 38214055 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The "in situ electrolyte" displays a concept for electric double-layer- as well as metal-ion capacitors in which the by-products formed during carbon synthesis serve directly as electrolyte salt to minimize waste. In this work, the concept is applied for lithium- and sodium-based systems realizing EDLCs containing aqueous, "Water in Salt" (up to 1.8 V) as well as organic (2.4 V) electrolytes. Via the mechanochemical synthesis, carbon materials with surface areas up to 2000 m2 g-1 and an optimal amount of remaining by-product are designed from the renewable resource lignin. Different cation-anion combinations are enabled by further modification directly inside the pores creating imide-based salts which are tracked by synchrotron in situ XRD. By the addition of solvents, the EDLCs show good capacitances up to 21 F g-1 combined with excellent rate performances and stabilities. Moreover, the LiTFSI loaded carbon as positive electrode introduces a new tunable lithium alternative for the pre-lithiation of Li-ion capacitors displaying a good rate performance and cyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sander
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sandesh Darlami Magar
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Etter
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Balducci
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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2
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Brocks C, Das CK, Duan J, Yadav S, Apfel UP, Ghosh S, Hofmann E, Winkler M, Engelbrecht V, Schäfer LV, Happe T. A Dynamic Water Channel Affects O 2 Stability in [FeFe]-Hydrogenases. ChemSusChem 2024; 17:e202301365. [PMID: 37830175 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
[FeFe]-hydrogenases are capable of reducing protons at a high rate. However, molecular oxygen (O2 ) induces the degradation of their catalytic cofactor, the H-cluster, which consists of a cubane [4Fe4S] subcluster (4FeH ) and a unique diiron moiety (2FeH ). Previous attempts to prevent O2 -induced damage have focused on enhancing the protein's sieving effect for O2 by blocking the hydrophobic gas channels that connect the protein surface and the 2FeH . In this study, we aimed to block an O2 diffusion pathway and shield 4FeH instead. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations identified a novel water channel (WH ) surrounding the H-cluster. As this hydrophilic path may be accessible for O2 molecules we applied site-directed mutagenesis targeting amino acids along WH in proximity to 4FeH to block O2 diffusion. Protein film electrochemistry experiments demonstrate increased O2 stabilities for variants G302S and S357T, and MD simulations based on high-resolution crystal structures confirmed an enhanced local sieving effect for O2 in the environment of the 4FeH in both cases. The results strongly suggest that, in wild type proteins, O2 diffuses from the 4FeH to the 2FeH . These results reveal new strategies for improving the O2 stability of [FeFe]-hydrogenases by focusing on the O2 diffusion network near the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Brocks
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Chandan K Das
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jifu Duan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Shanika Yadav
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Subhasri Ghosh
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eckhard Hofmann
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, X-ray structure analysis of proteins, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Winkler
- Electrobiotechnology, TUM Campus Straubing, Schulgasse 22, Straubing, 94315, Germany
| | - Vera Engelbrecht
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars V Schäfer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Happe
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
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Franke M, Geier B, Hammel JU, Dubilier N, Leisch N. Coming together-symbiont acquisition and early development in deep-sea bathymodioline mussels. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20211044. [PMID: 34403628 PMCID: PMC8370805 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
How and when symbionts are acquired by their animal hosts has a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of the symbiosis. Understanding symbiont acquisition is particularly challenging in deep-sea organisms because early life stages are so rarely found. Here, we collected early developmental stages of three deep-sea bathymodioline species from different habitats to identify when these acquire their symbionts and how their body plan adapts to a symbiotic lifestyle. These mussels gain their nutrition from chemosynthetic bacteria, allowing them to thrive at deep-sea vents and seeps worldwide. Correlative imaging analyses using synchrotron-radiation based microtomography together with light, fluorescence and electron microscopy revealed that the pediveliger larvae were aposymbiotic. Symbiont colonization began during metamorphosis from a planktonic to a benthic lifestyle, with the symbionts rapidly colonizing first the gills, the symbiotic organ of adults, followed by all other epithelia of their hosts. Once symbiont densities in plantigrades reached those of adults, the host's intestine changed from the looped anatomy typical for bivalves to a straightened form. Within the Mytilidae, this morphological change appears to be specific to Bathymodiolus and Gigantidas, and is probably linked to the decrease in the importance of filter feeding when these mussels switch to gaining their nutrition largely from their symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Franke
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MARUM—Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Geier
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörg U. Hammel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Nicole Dubilier
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MARUM—Zentrum für Marine Umweltwissenschaften, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Leisch
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Wichers JS, Tonkin-Hill G, Thye T, Krumkamp R, Kreuels B, Strauss J, von Thien H, Scholz JAM, Smedegaard Hansson H, Weisel Jensen R, Turner L, Lorenz FR, Schöllhorn A, Bruchhaus I, Tannich E, Fendel R, Otto TD, Lavstsen T, Gilberger TW, Duffy MF, Bachmann A. Common virulence gene expression in adult first-time infected malaria patients and severe cases. eLife 2021; 10:e69040. [PMID: 33908865 PMCID: PMC8102065 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum(P. falciparum)-infected erythrocytes to host endothelium through the parasite-derived P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) adhesion proteins is central to the development of malaria pathogenesis. PfEMP1 proteins have diversified and expanded to encompass many sequence variants, conferring each parasite a similar array of human endothelial receptor-binding phenotypes. Here, we analyzed RNA-seq profiles of parasites isolated from 32 P. falciparum-infected adult travellers returning to Germany. Patients were categorized into either malaria naive (n = 15) or pre-exposed (n = 17), and into severe (n = 8) or non-severe (n = 24) cases. For differential expression analysis, PfEMP1-encoding var gene transcripts were de novo assembled from RNA-seq data and, in parallel, var-expressed sequence tags were analyzed and used to predict the encoded domain composition of the transcripts. Both approaches showed in concordance that severe malaria was associated with PfEMP1 containing the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR)-binding CIDRα1 domain, whereas CD36-binding PfEMP1 was linked to non-severe malaria outcomes. First-time infected adults were more likely to develop severe symptoms and tended to be infected for a longer period. Thus, parasites with more pathogenic PfEMP1 variants are more common in patients with a naive immune status, and/or adverse inflammatory host responses to first infections favor the growth of EPCR-binding parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stephan Wichers
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Centre for Structural Systems BiologyHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | | | - Thorsten Thye
- Epidemiology and Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
| | - Ralf Krumkamp
- Epidemiology and Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-RiemsHamburgGermany
| | - Benno Kreuels
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, GermanyHamburgGermany
- Department of Medicine, College of MedicineBlantyreMalawi
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Jan Strauss
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Centre for Structural Systems BiologyHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Heidrun von Thien
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Centre for Structural Systems BiologyHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Judith AM Scholz
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Schöllhorn
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Iris Bruchhaus
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Egbert Tannich
- Epidemiology and Diagnostics, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-RiemsHamburgGermany
| | - Rolf Fendel
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Thomas D Otto
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Tim W Gilberger
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Centre for Structural Systems BiologyHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
| | - Michael F Duffy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Anna Bachmann
- Molecular Biology and Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
- Centre for Structural Systems BiologyHamburgGermany
- Biology Department, University of HamburgHamburgGermany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-RiemsHamburgGermany
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5
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Monico L, Cartechini L, Rosi F, Chieli A, Grazia C, De Meyer S, Nuyts G, Vanmeert F, Janssens K, Cotte M, De Nolf W, Falkenberg G, Sandu ICA, Tveit ES, Mass J, de Freitas RP, Romani A, Miliani C. Probing the chemistry of CdS paints in The Scream by in situ noninvasive spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaay3514. [PMID: 32440540 PMCID: PMC7228759 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)-based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic painting The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the original CdS-based paint and explore the external circumstances and internal factors causing this transformation. Macroscale in situ noninvasive spectroscopy studies of the painting in combination with synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy investigations of a microsample and artificially aged mock-ups show that moisture and mobile chlorine compounds are key factors for promoting the oxidation of CdS, while light (photodegradation) plays a less important role. Furthermore, under exposure to humidity, parallel/secondary reactions involving dissolution, migration through the paint, and recrystallization of water-soluble phases of the paint are associated with the formation of cadmium sulfates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Monico
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- AXES Research Group, NANOlab Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Corresponding author. (L.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Laura Cartechini
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Rosi
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chieli
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Grazia
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Steven De Meyer
- AXES Research Group, NANOlab Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gert Nuyts
- AXES Research Group, NANOlab Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frederik Vanmeert
- AXES Research Group, NANOlab Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Janssens
- AXES Research Group, NANOlab Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Rijksmuseum, Conservation & Restoration—Scientific Research, Hobbemastraat 22, 1071 ZC Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marine Cotte
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- LAMS, CNRS UMR 8220, Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Wout De Nolf
- ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer Mass
- Bard Graduate Center, 86th St., New York, NY 10024, USA
- Scientific Analysis of Fine Art LLC, 843 Old State Rd., Berwyn, PA 19312, USA
| | - Renato Pereira de Freitas
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- LISComp Laboratory, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro, Paracambi, RJ 26600000, Brazil
| | - Aldo Romani
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Costanza Miliani
- CNR-SCITEC, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- SMAArt Centre and Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- CNR-ISPC, via Cardinale Guglielmo Sanfelice 8, 80134 Napoli, Italy
- Corresponding author. (L.M.); (C.M.)
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Wölk C, Youssef H, Guttenberg T, Marbach H, Vizcay‐Barrena G, Shen C, Brezesinski G, Harvey RD. Phase Diagram for a Lysyl-Phosphatidylglycerol Analogue in Biomimetic Mixed Monolayers with Phosphatidylglycerol: Insights into the Tunable Properties of Bacterial Membranes. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:702-706. [PMID: 32065707 PMCID: PMC7216935 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ion pairing between the major phospholipids of the Staphylococcus aureus plasma membrane (phosphatidylglycerol - PG and lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol - LPG) confers resistance to antimicrobial peptides and other antibiotics. We developed 3adLPG, a stable synthetic analogue which can substitute for the highy-labile native LPG, in biophysical experiments examining the membrane-protecting role of lipid ion pairing, in S. aureus and other important bacteria. Here we examine the surface charge and lipid packing characteristics of synthetic biomimetic mixtures of DPPG and DP3adLPG in Langmuir monolayers, using a combination of complementary surface-probing techniques such as infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction. The resultant phase diagram for the ion paired lipids sheds light on the mixing behavior of lipids in monolayer models of resistant phenotype bacterial membranes, and provides a platform for future biophysical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wölk
- Institute of PharmacyLeipzig UniversityBrüderstraße 3404103LeipzigGermany
| | - Hala Youssef
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryConcordia University7141 Sherbrooke Street WestMontrealCanada
| | - Thomas Guttenberg
- Institute of PharmacyMartin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Str. 306120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Helene Marbach
- Institute of MicrobiologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineVeterinärplatz 11210ViennaAustria
| | - Gema Vizcay‐Barrena
- Centre for Ultrastructural ImagingKing's College LondonGuy's CampusLondonSE1 1ULUK
| | - Chen Shen
- DESY Photon Science22607HamburgGermany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
| | - Richard D. Harvey
- Institute of PharmacyMartin-Luther-University Halle-WittenbergKurt-Mothes-Str. 306120Halle (Saale)Germany
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7
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Pawlowska D, Janich C, Langner A, Dobner B, Wölk C, Brezesinski G. The Impact of Alkyl-Chain Purity on Lipid-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery Systems - Is the Utilization of Lipid Components with Technical Grade Justified? Chemphyschem 2019; 20:2110-2121. [PMID: 31265754 PMCID: PMC6771585 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties and transfection efficacies of two samples of a cationic lipid have been investigated and compared in 2D (monolayers at the air/liquid interface) and 3D (aqueous bulk dispersions) model systems using different techniques. The samples differ only in their chain composition due to the purity of the oleylamine (chain precursor). Lipid 8 (using the oleylamine of technical grade for cost-efficient synthesis) shows lateral phase separation in the Langmuir layers. However, the amount of attached DNA, determined by IRRAS, is for both samples the same. In 3D systems, lipid 8 p forms cubic phases, which disappear after addition of DNA. At physiological temperatures, both lipids (alone and in mixture with cholesterol) assemble to lamellar aggregates and exhibit comparable DNA delivery efficiency. This study demonstrates that non-lamellar structures are not compulsory for high transfection rates. The results legitimate the utilization of oleyl chains of technical grade in the synthesis of cationic transfection lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Pawlowska
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-GolmAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Biotechnologyul. Noakowskiego 300-664WarsawPoland
| | - Christopher Janich
- Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergInstitute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical PharmacyWolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 406120 Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Andreas Langner
- Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergInstitute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical PharmacyWolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 406120 Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Bodo Dobner
- Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergInstitute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical PharmacyWolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 406120 Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Christian Wölk
- Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergInstitute of Pharmacy, Research Group Biochemical PharmacyWolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 406120 Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-GolmAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
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