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Wang D, Ye W, Wu G, Li R, Guan Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Shan Y, Hubacek K. Greenhouse gas emissions from municipal wastewater treatment facilities in China from 2006 to 2019. Sci Data 2022; 9:317. [PMID: 35710815 PMCID: PMC9203788 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) alleviate water pollution but also induce resource consumption and environmental impacts especially greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Mitigating GHG emissions of WWTPs can contribute to achieving carbon neutrality in China. But there is still a lack of a high-resolution and time-series GHG emission inventories of WWTPs in China. In this study, we construct a firm-level emission inventory of WWTPs for CH4, N2O and CO2 emissions from different wastewater treatment processes, energy consumption and effluent discharge for the time-period from 2006 to 2019. We aim to develop a transparent, verifiable and comparable WWTP GHG emission inventory to support GHG mitigation of WWTPs in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Weili Ye
- The Center for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Environment and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Guangxue Wu
- Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Ruoqi Li
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuru Guan
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Center for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Environment and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, China.
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Junxia Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring, China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuli Shan
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Hubacek
- Integrated Research on Energy, Environment and Society (IREES), Energy Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.
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Zhang Y, Dai Y, Li H, Yin L, Hoffmann MR. Proton-assisted electron transfer and hydrogen-atom diffusion in a model system for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Commun Mater 2020; 1:66. [PMID: 33029593 PMCID: PMC7505813 DOI: 10.1038/s43246-020-00068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy can be converted into chemical energy by photocatalytic water splitting to produce molecular hydrogen. Details of the photo-induced reaction mechanism occurring on the surface of a semiconductor are not fully understood, however. Herein, we employ a model photocatalytic system consisting of single atoms deposited on quantum dots that are anchored on to a primary photocatalyst to explore fundamental aspects of photolytic hydrogen generation. Single platinum atoms (Pt1) are anchored onto carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs), which are loaded onto graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNS), forming a Pt1@CNQDs/CNS composite. Pt1@CNQDs/CNS provides a well-defined photocatalytic system in which the electron and proton transfer processes that lead to the formation of hydrogen gas can be investigated. Results suggest that hydrogen bonding between hydrophilic surface groups of the CNQDs and interfacial water molecules facilitates both proton-assisted electron transfer and sorption/desorption pathways. Surface bound hydrogen atoms appear to diffuse from CNQDs surface sites to the deposited Pt1 catalytic sites leading to higher hydrogen-atom fugacity surrounding each isolated Pt1 site. We identify a pathway that allows for hydrogen-atom recombination into molecular hydrogen and eventually to hydrogen bubble evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunrong Dai
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, P. R. China
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Linde-Robinson Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Linde-Robinson Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
| | - Michael R. Hoffmann
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, Linde-Robinson Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
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