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Teixeira EB, Khayat AS, Assumpção PP, Casseb SM, Moreira-Nunes CA, Moreira FC. EndoGeneAnalyzer: A tool for selection and validation of reference genes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299993. [PMID: 38568963 PMCID: PMC10990236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The selection of proper reference genes is critical for accurate gene expression analysis in all fields of biological and medical research, mainly because there are many distinctions between different tissues and specimens. Given this variability, even in known classic reference genes, demands of a comprehensive analysis platform is needed to identify the most suitable genes for each study. For this purpose, we present an analysis tool for assisting in decision-making in the analysis of reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) data. EndoGeneAnalyzer, an open-source web tool for reference gene analysis in RT-qPCR studies, was used to compare the groups/conditions under investigation. This interactive application offers an easy-to-use interface that allows efficient exploration of datasets. Through statistical and stability analyses, EndoGeneAnalyzer assists in the select of the most appropriate reference gene or set of genes for each condition. It also allows researchers to identify and remove unwanted outliers. Moreover, EndoGeneAnalyzer provides a graphical interface to compare the evaluated groups, providing a visually informative differential analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - André Salim Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Department of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Clementino Fraga Group, Central Unity, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Maurmann N, França FS, Girón J, Pranke P. Cell Electrospinning: a Review of Materials and Methodologies for Biofabrication. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300058. [PMID: 37271854 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The process of electrohydrodynamic living cell microencapsulation inside a scaffold during the electrospinning (ES) process is called cell electrospinning (CE). Several studies demonstrate the feasibility of using cell electrospinning for biomedical applications, allowing for the direct biofabrication of living cells to be encapsulated in fibers for the formation of active biological scaffolds. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the materials and methodologies used in cell electrospinning, as well as their biomedical application in tissue engineering, is provided. Cell ES represents an innovative technique for automated application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Maurmann
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752/304G, Porto Alegre, 90.610-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S França
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752/304G, Porto Alegre, 90.610-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Girón
- Center for Information Technology Renato Archer, Rodovia Dom Pedro I (SP-65), Km 143,6, Amarais, Campinas, SP, 13069-901, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752/304G, Porto Alegre, 90.610-000, Brazil
- Stem Cell Research Institute, Rua dos Andradas, 1464/133, Porto Alegre, 90.020-010, Brazil
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Silva LVDO, Hermont AP, Magnani IQ, Martins CC, Borges-Oliveira AC. Oral alterations in children with microcephaly associated to congenital Zika syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Spec Care Dentist 2023; 43:184-198. [PMID: 35912588 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To synthesize the oral alterations observed in children with microcephaly associated with congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZS), and to compare the oral alterations of these children to a normotypic healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS A search was performed in six electronic databases. Observational studies published that reported oral alterations in children with CZS were selected. Two authors independently extracted data, assessed study quality, using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist tools, and the certainty of evidence, using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Twenty-one studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled crude occurrence showed 88% of increased salivation (95%CI: 82%-94%), 83% of biofilm (95%CI: 75%-91%), and 73% of bruxism (95%CI: 52%-95%). Compared to normotypic controls, children with CZS-associated microcephaly had a higher chance to have difficulty in lip sealing (OR: 18.28; 95%CI: 1.42-235.91), inadequate lingual posture at rest (OR: 13.57; 95%CI: 4.24-43.44), and delayed eruption (OR: 12.92; 95%CI: 3.42-48.78), with very low certainty. CONCLUSION There are several oral alterations found among children with CZS-associated microcephaly. They are more prone to present some of these alterations, such as difficulty in lip sealing, although with very low certainty of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leni Verônica de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology, and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Hermont
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela Queiroz Magnani
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolina Castro Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Borges-Oliveira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Balduino HDK, Tunes P, Giordano E, Guarnieri M, Machado SR, Nepi M, Guimarães E. To each their own! Nectar plasticity within a flower mediates distinct ecological interactions. AoB Plants 2023; 15:plac067. [PMID: 36751365 PMCID: PMC9893873 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nuptial and extranuptial nectaries are involved in interactions with different animal functional groups. Nectar traits involved in pollination mutualisms are well known. However, we know little about those traits involved in other mutualisms, such as ant-plant interactions, especially when both types of nectaries are in the same plant organ, the flower. Here we investigated if when two types of nectaries are exploited by distinct functional groups of floral visitors, even being within the same plant organ, the nectar secreted presents distinct features that fit animal requirements. We compared nectar secretion dynamics, floral visitors and nectar chemical composition of both nuptial and extranuptial nectaries in natural populations of the liana Amphilophium mansoanum (Bignoniaceae). For that we characterized nectar sugar, amino acid and specialized metabolite composition by high-performance liquid chromatography. Nuptial nectaries were visited by three medium- and large-sized bee species and extranuptial nectaries were visited mainly by ants, but also by cockroaches, wasps and flies. Nuptial and extranuptial nectar differed regarding volume, concentration, milligrams of sugars per flower and secretion dynamics. Nuptial nectar was sucrose-dominated, with high amounts of γ-aminobutyric acid and β-aminobutyric acid and with theophylline-like alkaloid, which were all exclusive of nuptial nectar. Whereas extranuptial nectar was hexose-rich, had a richer and less variable amino acid chemical profile, with high amounts of serine and alanine amino acids and with higher amounts of the specialized metabolite tyramine. The nectar traits from nuptial and extranuptial nectaries differ in energy amount and nutritional value, as well as in neuroactive specialized metabolites. These differences seem to match floral visitors' requirements, since they exclusively consume one of the two nectar types and may be exerting selective pressures on the composition of the respective resources of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelise de Kassia Balduino
- Graduate Course in Plant Biology, São Paulo State University, 18618-689 Botucatu, Brazil
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plant-Animal Interactions, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, 18618-689 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Priscila Tunes
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plant-Animal Interactions, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, 18618-689 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Giordano
- Laboratory of Analytical Methods for Chemical Ecology - Plant Reproductive Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Massimo Guarnieri
- Laboratory of Analytical Methods for Chemical Ecology - Plant Reproductive Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Rodrigues Machado
- Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, 18618-689 Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Massimo Nepi
- Laboratory of Analytical Methods for Chemical Ecology - Plant Reproductive Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Santana TP, Gasparino E, de Souza Khatlab A, Pereira AMFE, Barbosa LT, Fernandes RPM, Lamont SJ, Del Vesco AP. Effects of maternal methionine supplementation on the response of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to heat stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad042. [PMID: 36734330 PMCID: PMC10103070 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the hypothesis that methionine supplementation of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) hens can reduce the effects of oxidative stress and improve the performance of the offspring exposed to heat stress during growth. For that, the quail hens were fed with three diets related to the methionine supplementation: methionine-deficient diet (Md); diet supplemented with the recommended methionine level (Met1); and diet supplemented with methionine above the recommended level (Met2). Their chicks were identified, weighed, and housed according to the maternal diet group from 1 to 14 d of age. On 15 d of age, chicks were weighed and divided into two groups: thermoneutral ambient (constant temperature of 23 °C) and intermittent heat stress ambient (daily exposure to 34 °C for 6 h). Methionine-supplemented (Met1 and Met2) hens had higher egg production, better feed conversion ratio, higher hatchability of total and fertile eggs, and offspring with higher body weight. Supplemented (Met1 and Met2) hens showed greater expression of glutathione synthase (GSS) and methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) genes, greater total antioxidant capacity, and lower lipid peroxidation in the liver. The offspring of hens fed the Met2 diet had lower death rate (1 to 14 d), higher weight on 15 d of age, weight gain, and better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 14 d of age. Among chicks reared under heat stress, the progeny of methionine-supplemented hens had higher weight on 35 d, weight gain, expression of GSS, MSRA, and thermal shock protein 70 (HSP70) genes, and total antioxidant capacity in the liver, as well as lower heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Positive correlations between expression of glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7) and MSRA genes in hens and offspring were observed. Our results show that maternal methionine supplementation contributes to offspring development and performance in early stages and that, under conditions of heat stress during growth, chicks from methionine-supplemented hens respond better to hot environmental conditions than chicks from nonsupplemented hens. Supplementation of quail hens diets with methionine promoted activation of different metabolic pathways in offspring subjected to stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Pacheco Santana
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Eliane Gasparino
- Animal Science Department, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro Teixeira Barbosa
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Susan J Lamont
- Animal Science Department, Iowa State University, Iowa State University, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Ana Paula Del Vesco
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Sergipe, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
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Freitas AP, Lima MLP, Simili FF, Schenkel FS, Faro LE, Santana ML, Paz CCP. Genetic parameters for behavioral and growth traits of Nellore cattle. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad280. [PMID: 37624655 PMCID: PMC10494874 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing concern of consumers with the welfare of production animals searches welfare in a production system extremely important; thus, the study of animal temperament is necessary to select less excitable temperament animals resulting in healthy development and fewer accidents. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for traits related to animal temperament and growth traits of Nellore cattle. In addition to exploring the genetic pattern of these traits through cluster and principal component analysis (PCA), to reveal possible groups of individuals that express less excitable temperament and greater growth. A total of 2,332 measurements from 1,245 male and female Nellore cattle born between 2008 and 2016 were utilized in the study. The (co)variance components were estimated by Bayesian inference using a two-trait animal model. The heritability for temperament score (TS), flight speed (FS), body condition score (BCS), live weight (LW), and hip height (HH) were 0.08, 0.12, 0.06, 0.13, and 0.48, respectively. The genetic correlation between the temperament indicator traits was strong and positive (0.78 ± 0.24). The TS and FS showed a favorable or null genetic correlation with LW, BCS, and HH. The third cluster included animals with low EBV for TS and FS and with high EBV for BCS, LW, and HH. In the PCA, the PC1 was what best evidenced the aim of this study; thus, our findings suggest that we could explore select animals based on cluster 3 and PC1 in breeding programs to select Nellore cattle with less excitable temperament and greater growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anielly P Freitas
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia P Lima
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
| | - Flávia F Simili
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
| | - Flávio S Schenkel
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaN1G 2W1
| | - Lenira E Faro
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
| | - Mario L Santana
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cristina P Paz
- BeefCattle Research Center, Animal Science Institute/APTA/SAA, Sertãozinho, São Paulo 14174-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
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7
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Rocha DG, de Barros Ferraz KMPM, Gonçalves L, Tan CKW, Lemos FG, Ortiz C, Peres CA, Negrões N, Antunes AP, Rohe F, Abrahams M, Zapata-Rios G, Teles D, Oliveira T, von Mühlen EM, Venticinque E, Gräbin DM, Mosquera B. D, Blake J, Lima MGM, Sampaio R, Percequillo AR, Peters F, Payán E, Borges LHM, Calouro AM, Endo W, Pitman RL, Haugaasen T, Silva DA, de Melo FR, de Moura ALB, Costa HCM, Lugarini C, de Sousa IG, Nienow S, Santos F, Mendes-Oliveiras AC, Del Toro-Orozco W, D'Amico AR, Albernaz AL, Ravetta A, do Carmo ECO, Ramalho E, Valsecchi J, Giordano AJ, Wallace R, Macdonald DW, Sollmann R. Wild dogs at stake: deforestation threatens the only Amazon endemic canid, the short-eared dog ( Atelocynus microtis). R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:190717. [PMID: 32431857 PMCID: PMC7211836 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The persistent high deforestation rate and fragmentation of the Amazon forests are the main threats to their biodiversity. To anticipate and mitigate these threats, it is important to understand and predict how species respond to the rapidly changing landscape. The short-eared dog Atelocynus microtis is the only Amazon-endemic canid and one of the most understudied wild dogs worldwide. We investigated short-eared dog habitat associations on two spatial scales. First, we used the largest record database ever compiled for short-eared dogs in combination with species distribution models to map species habitat suitability, estimate its distribution range and predict shifts in species distribution in response to predicted deforestation across the entire Amazon (regional scale). Second, we used systematic camera trap surveys and occupancy models to investigate how forest cover and forest fragmentation affect the space use of this species in the Southern Brazilian Amazon (local scale). Species distribution models suggested that the short-eared dog potentially occurs over an extensive and continuous area, through most of the Amazon region south of the Amazon River. However, approximately 30% of the short-eared dog's current distribution is expected to be lost or suffer sharp declines in habitat suitability by 2027 (within three generations) due to forest loss. This proportion might reach 40% of the species distribution in unprotected areas and exceed 60% in some interfluves (i.e. portions of land separated by large rivers) of the Amazon basin. Our local-scale analysis indicated that the presence of forest positively affected short-eared dog space use, while the density of forest edges had a negative effect. Beyond shedding light on the ecology of the short-eared dog and refining its distribution range, our results stress that forest loss poses a serious threat to the conservation of the species in a short time frame. Hence, we propose a re-assessment of the short-eared dog's current IUCN Red List status (Near Threatened) based on findings presented here. Our study exemplifies how data can be integrated across sources and modelling procedures to improve our knowledge of relatively understudied species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G. Rocha
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia e Conservação de Felinos na Amazônia, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brazil
| | - Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Manejo e Conservação de Fauna (LEMaC), Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Cedric Kai Wei Tan
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxon, England
| | - Frederico G. Lemos
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Unidade Acadêmica Especial de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Catalão, GO, Brazil
- Programa de Conservação Mamíferos do Cerrado/PCMC, Araguari, GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ortiz
- Laboratório de Ecologia, Manejo e Conservação de Fauna (LEMaC), Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Peres
- School Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Nuno Negrões
- Bolivian Association for Research and Conservation of the Andean-Amazon Ecosystems-ACEAA, Bolivia
| | - André Pinassi Antunes
- RedeFauna – Rede de Pesquisa em Diversidade, Conservação e Uso da Fauna da Amazônia, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Fabio Rohe
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva –GCBEv. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Mark Abrahams
- Field Conservation and Science Department, Bristol Zoological Society, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Davi Teles
- School Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Tadeu Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. von Mühlen
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Venticinque
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Diogo M. Gräbin
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia e Conservação de Felinos na Amazônia, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Diego Mosquera B.
- Estación de Biodiversidad Tiputini, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John Blake
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcela Guimarães Moreira Lima
- Laboratório de Biogeografia da Conservação e Macroecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sampaio
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Carnívoros (CENAP/ICMBio), Atibaia, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Reis Percequillo
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura ‘Luiz de Queiroz’, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Henrique Medeiros Borges
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Armando Muniz Calouro
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
| | - Whaldener Endo
- Centro de Estudos da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Torbjørn Haugaasen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
| | - Diego Afonso Silva
- Laboratório de Biodoversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Jataí, Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | - Fabiano R. de Melo
- Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo C. M. Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Camile Lugarini
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Samuel Nienow
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Ciência Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Department of Mastozoology – Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Mendes-Oliveiras
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Zoologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Wezddy Del Toro-Orozco
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia e Conservação de Felinos na Amazônia, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brazil
| | - Ana Rafaela D'Amico
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Luisa Albernaz
- Earth Sciences and Ecology Department, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - André Ravetta
- Serviço da Estação Científica Ferreira Penna, Coordenação de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Emiliano Ramalho
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia e Conservação de Felinos na Amazônia, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brazil
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Atibaia, SP, Brazil
| | - João Valsecchi
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia de Vertebrados Terrestres (ECOVERT), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brazil
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica (ComFauna), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Anthony J. Giordano
- S.P.E.C.I.E.S. – The Society for the Preservation of Endangered Carnivores and their International Ecological Study, Ventura, CA, USA
- Center for Tropical Research, Institute of the Environment & Sustainability, University of California – Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert Wallace
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David W. Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxon, England
| | - Rahel Sollmann
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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Lansky S, Oliveira BJ, Peixoto ER, Souza KV, Fernandes LM, Friche AA. The Senses of Birth intervention to decrease cesarean and prematurity rates in Brazil. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2019; 145:91-100. [PMID: 30671949 PMCID: PMC7473078 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase knowledge and promote cultural change toward valuing normal birth, and to lower rates of cesarean and unnecessary interventions during childbirth in Brazil via the Senses of Birth (SoB) exhibition. METHODS The SoB intervention targeted 22 621 participants in three Brazilian cities in 2015. The effects of the exhibition in knowledge, perceptions, and preferences regarding childbirth were analyzed in a multi-method study. Pre- and post-exhibition survey responses of 17 501 (77.0%) visitors, 1947 (8.6%) non-pregnant women, and all pregnant women (n=1287) were collected at the exhibition. A follow-up survey was completed by 555 (43.0%) postpartum women who had participated at SoB while pregnant. Univariate analyses were used to compare before and after changes. RESULTS There was a significant increase in knowledge about normal birth, varying from 10.0% to 25.0% among general visitors (P<0.001) and 27.3% to 42.0% among pregnant women (P<0.001). Perceptions and preferences for normal birth also changed, reaching 83.0% of general visitors and 87.4% of pregnant women. CONCLUSION SoB was found to effectively improve knowledge about and preference for normal birth. Scaling-up the intervention might contribute to cultural change toward valuing normal birth, and might decrease the rate of unnecessary cesarean and premature birth in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia Lansky
- Department of Health, Belo Horizonte City Hall, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bernardo J. Oliveira
- School of Education, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eliane R.M. Peixoto
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kleyde V. Souza
- School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luísa M.M. Fernandes
- School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Amélia A.L. Friche
- School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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9
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De Souza DA, Kaftanoglu O, De Jong D, Page RE, Amdam GV, Wang Y. Differences in the morphology, physiology and gene expression of honey bee queens and workers reared in vitro versus in situ. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio036616. [PMID: 30341101 PMCID: PMC6262861 DOI: 10.1242/bio.036616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of larval nutrition on female fertility in honey bees is a focus for both scientific studies and for practical applications in beekeeping. In general, morphological traits are standards for classifying queens and workers and for evaluating their quality. In recent years, in vitro rearing techniques have been improved and used in many studies; they can produce queen-like and worker-like bees. Here, we questioned whether queens and workers reared in vitro are the same as queens and workers reared in a natural hive environment. We reared workers and queens both in vitro and naturally in beehives to test how these different environments affect metabolic physiology and candidate genes in newly emerged queens and workers. We found that sugar (glucose and trehalose) levels differed between queens and workers in both in vitro and in-hive-reared bees. The in vitro-reared bees had significantly higher levels of lipids in the abdomen. Moreover, hive reared queens had almost 20 times higher levels of vitellogenin than in vitro-reared queens, despite similar morphologies. In addition, hive-reared bees had significantly higher levels of expression of mrjp1 In conclusion, in vitro rearing produces queens and workers that differ from those reared in the hive environment at physiological and gene expression levels.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana A De Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7613, USA
| | - Osman Kaftanoglu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
| | - David De Jong
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Robert E Page
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gro V Amdam
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA
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10
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Wilkes P, Disney M, Vicari MB, Calders K, Burt A. Estimating urban above ground biomass with multi-scale LiDAR. Carbon Balance Manag 2018; 13:10. [PMID: 29943069 PMCID: PMC6020103 DOI: 10.1186/s13021-018-0098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban trees have long been valued for providing ecosystem services (mitigation of the "heat island" effect, suppression of air pollution, etc.); more recently the potential of urban forests to store significant above ground biomass (AGB) has also be recognised. However, urban areas pose particular challenges when assessing AGB due to plasticity of tree form, high species diversity as well as heterogeneous and complex land cover. Remote sensing, in particular light detection and ranging (LiDAR), provide a unique opportunity to assess urban AGB by directly measuring tree structure. In this study, terrestrial LiDAR measurements were used to derive new allometry for the London Borough of Camden, that incorporates the wide range of tree structures typical of an urban setting. Using a wall-to-wall airborne LiDAR dataset, individual trees were then identified across the Borough with a new individual tree detection (ITD) method. The new allometry was subsequently applied to the identified trees, generating a Borough-wide estimate of AGB. RESULTS Camden has an estimated median AGB density of 51.6 Mg ha-1 where maximum AGB density is found in pockets of woodland; terrestrial LiDAR-derived AGB estimates suggest these areas are comparable to temperate and tropical forest. Multiple linear regression of terrestrial LiDAR-derived maximum height and projected crown area explained 93% of variance in tree volume, highlighting the utility of these metrics to characterise diverse tree structure. Locally derived allometry provided accurate estimates of tree volume whereas a Borough-wide allometry tended to overestimate AGB in woodland areas. The new ITD method successfully identified individual trees; however, AGB was underestimated by ≤ 25% when compared to terrestrial LiDAR, owing to the inability of ITD to resolve crown overlap. A Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis identified assigning wood density values as the largest source of uncertainty when estimating AGB. CONCLUSION Over the coming century global populations are predicted to become increasingly urbanised, leading to an unprecedented expansion of urban land cover. Urban areas will become more important as carbon sinks and effective tools to assess carbon densities in these areas are therefore required. Using multi-scale LiDAR presents an opportunity to achieve this, providing a spatially explicit map of urban forest structure and AGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil Wilkes
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- NERC National Centre for Earth Observation,
Leicester, UK
| | - Mathias Disney
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- NERC National Centre for Earth Observation,
Leicester, UK
| | - Matheus Boni Vicari
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Kim Calders
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Earth Observation, Climate and Optical Group, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, TW11 0LW UK
- Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew Burt
- Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Granja-Salcedo YT, Ramirez-Uscategui RA, Machado EG, Duarte Messana J, Takeshi Kishi L, Lino Dias AV, Berchielli TT. Studies on bacterial community composition are affected by the time and storage method of the rumen content. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176701. [PMID: 28453579 PMCID: PMC5409139 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate three storage methods and four storage times for rumen sampling in terms of quality and yield of extracted metagenomic DNA as well as the composition of the rumen bacterial community. One Nellore steer fitted with a ruminal silicone-type cannula was used as a donor of ruminal contents. The experiment comprised 11 experimental groups: pellet control (PC), lyophilized control (LC), P-20: pellet stored frozen at -20°C for a period of 3, 6, and 12 months, P-80: pellet stored frozen at -80°C for a period of 3, 6, and 12 months, and L-20: lyophilized sample stored frozen at -20°C for a period of 3, 6, and 12 months. Metagenomic DNA concentrations were measured spectrophotometrically and fluorometrically and ion torrent sequencing was used to assess the bacterial community composition. The L-20 method could not maintain the yield of DNA during storage. In addition, the P-80 group showed a greater yield of metagenomic DNA than the other groups after 6 months of storage. Rumen samples stored as pellets (P-20 and P-80) resulted in lower richness Chao 1, ACE, and Shannon Wiener indices when compared to PC, while LC and PC were only different in richness ACE. The storage method and storage time influenced the proportions of 14 of 17 phyla identified by sequencing. In the P-20 group, the proportion of Cyanobacteria, Elusimicrobia, Fibrobacteres, Lentisphaerae, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes phyla identified was lower than 1%. In the P-80 group, there was an increase in the proportion of the Bacteroidetes phylum (p = 0.010); however, the proportion of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, SR1, Synergistetes, TM7, and WPS.2 phyla were unchanged compared to the PC group (p > 0.05). The class Clostridium was the most abundant in all stored groups and increased in its proportion, especially in the L-20 group. The rumen sample storage time significantly reduced the yield of metagenomic DNA extracted. Therefore, the storage method can influence the abundance of phyla, classes, and bacterial families studied in rumen samples and affect the richness and diversity index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Ricardo Andrés Ramirez-Uscategui
- Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elwi Guillermo Machado
- Grupo de Investigación en Medicina Genómica - GIMEGEN, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Juliana Duarte Messana
- Department of Animal Science, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Takeshi Kishi
- Department of Technology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Veronica Lino Dias
- Department of Animal Science, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Telma Teresinha Berchielli
- Department of Animal Science, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Animal Science, INCT/CA – Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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