1
|
Gafaranga JP, Bitunguhari L, Mudenge C, Manirakiza F, Kelly B, Gatabazi P. Screening of Depression Among Medical Outpatients Visiting the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Rwanda. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:845-854. [PMID: 38618154 PMCID: PMC11011719 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s443811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a significant global public health concern, affecting individuals across different age groups and cultural backgrounds. However, screening for depression remains an essential but often neglected aspect of healthcare, particularly in outpatient settings. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression among outpatients visiting the internal medicine department of the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali in Rwanda and evaluate the feasibility of implementing a depression screening program in this setting. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 300 adult medical outpatients through convenience sampling, aged 18 years and above, who visited the internal medicine department between October 7 to November 6, 2019. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used as the screening tool to assess depressive symptoms. Additionally, socio-demographic and clinical data were collected to explore potential risk factors associated with depression using a binary logistic regression model. Results A high prevalence of depression was identified among internal medicine outpatients, with 45.7% of participants screened positive for depression, with moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression accounting for 21%, 17%, and 8%, respectively. The following factors were significantly associated with positive screening for depression: lack of formal education (OR=4.463, p=0.011, 95% CI= [1.410; 14.127]), secondary education (OR=3.402, p=0.003, 95% CI= [1.517; 7.630]), low-income (OR=2.392, p=0.049, 95% CI= [1.003; 5.706]) and headache as a chief complaint (OR=3.611, p=0.001, CI= [1.718; 7.591]). Conclusion This study highlights the high prevalence of depression among medical outpatients. Due to the stigma associated with mental health, patients frequently seek help for physical symptoms such as headaches and other bodily complaints rather than mental health concerns. Introducing routine depression screening in medical departments could potentially facilitate early identification, and intervention, and lead to improved patient care. Future research should focus on evaluating such screening programs' effectiveness and long-term outcomes in resource-limited settings like Rwanda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Pierre Gafaranga
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Mental Health, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leopold Bitunguhari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Charles Mudenge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Psychiatry, Ndera Neuropsychiatric Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Felix Manirakiza
- Department of Clinical Biology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Brian Kelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Gatabazi
- School of Economics and Business, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Statistics, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Z, Lu T, Qian R, Wang Z, Qi R, Zhang Z. Exploiting Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery: Advancing the Anti-Cancer Effects of Autophagy-Modulating Compounds in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2507-2528. [PMID: 38495752 PMCID: PMC10944250 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s455407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer continues to be a prominent issue in the field of medicine, as demonstrated by recent studies emphasizing the significant role of autophagy in the development of cancer. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) provides a variety of anti-tumor agents capable of regulating autophagy. However, the clinical application of autophagy-modulating compounds derived from TCM is impeded by their restricted water solubility and bioavailability. To overcome this challenge, the utilization of nanotechnology has been suggested as a potential solution. Nonetheless, the current body of literature on nanoparticles delivering TCM-derived autophagy-modulating anti-tumor compounds for cancer treatment is limited, lacking comprehensive summaries and detailed descriptions. Methods Up to November 2023, a comprehensive research study was conducted to gather relevant data using a variety of databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, Web of Science, and CNKI. The keywords utilized in this investigation included "autophagy", "nanoparticles", "traditional Chinese medicine" and "anticancer". Results This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential of nanotechnology in overcoming delivery challenges and enhancing the anti-cancer properties of autophagy-modulating compounds in TCM. The evaluation is based on a synthesis of different classes of autophagy-modulating compounds in TCM, their mechanisms of action in cancer treatment, and their potential benefits as reported in various scholarly sources. The findings indicate that nanotechnology shows potential in enhancing the availability of autophagy-modulating agents in TCM, thereby opening up a plethora of potential therapeutic avenues. Conclusion Nanotechnology has the potential to enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of autophagy-modulating compounds in traditional TCM, through regulation of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Liu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianming Lu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruoning Qian
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zian Wang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruogu Qi
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengguang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao S, Wu T, Fu M, Zhang Z. Histone Lactylation Participates in Psoriasis Progression by Regulating the Adiponectin Expression. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:219-227. [PMID: 38292324 PMCID: PMC10826714 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s450254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, papules, and plaques. Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is an important protein hormone secreted by adipose tissue. Here, we aimed to explore the expression of ADIPOQ in psoriasis patients and the moderation effect of histone lactylation on ADIPOQ. Methods The GSE78097 data set was downloaded from GEO database to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in psoriasis. A total of 36 psoriasis patients were recruited to obtain the skin samples. The ADIPOQ protein levels, global lactylation and histone lactylation (H3K18lac) levels were detected by Western blot assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay was performed to detect the combination between H3K18lac and promoter regions of the ADIPOQ. The receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of ADIPOQ in psoriasis. Results ADIPOQ was decreased in the skin tissues of psoriasis patients. In addition, the global lactylation and H3K18lac levels were significantly decreased in the skin tissues of psoriasis patients. In HaCaT cells, promoting the global lactylation and H3K18lac levels increased the ADIPOQ protein levels, while si-LDHA transfection decreased the ADIPOQ protein levels. The CHIP results indicated that lactylation promoted the binding of promoter regions of the ADIPOQ and H3K18lac. Finally, the ROC analysis showed that ADIPOQ exhibited diagnostic value in psoriasis. Conclusion This study demonstrated ADIPOQ was decreased in the skin tissues of psoriasis patients, and ADIPOQ has diagnostic value for psoriasis. Furthermore, down-regulation of H3K18lac levels inhibited the transcription of ADIPOQ, which was the key factor of decrease of ADIPOQ levels in psoriasis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingyan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjing Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu J, Wang C, Wang Y, Yao S. Association of Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver in Non-Obese Individuals Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:131-142. [PMID: 38222031 PMCID: PMC10786728 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s445916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, which is usually associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. However, the incidence of MALFD in non-obese individuals without T2DM is increasing, and the pathogenesis is unclear. Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (sUA/Cr) can reflect overall metabolic status. This study aims to observe the association between sUA/Cr and MAFLD in non-obese individuals without T2DM. Methods A total of 21,996 individuals were included in this study. The subjects were divided into four subgroups: non-obese patients without T2DM, obese patients without T2DM, non-obese patients with T2DM, and obese patients with T2DM. Logistic regression analyzed the correlation between sUA/Cr and MAFLD subgroups. Receiver operating characteristics analyzed the predictive value of sUA/Cr for MAFLD subgroups. The stratified analyses by sex and age were performed. Results Non-obese MAFLD individuals without T2DM had higher sUA/Cr levels than their counterparts. sUA/Cr was significantly correlated positively with MAFLD in non-obese patients. Similar results were observed in both males and females and in populations at all age stages (all p<0.01). sUA/Cr was capable of discriminating MAFLD in non-obese individuals without T2DM (AUC: 0.667), especially for patients over 60 years old (AUC: 0.704). Conclusion The sUA/Cr ratio was correlated with MAFLD in non-obese patients without T2DM. The predictive value of sUA/Cr for MAFLD was observed. Hence, the sUA/Cr ratio might be given more concern for the risk of MAFLD in non-obese individuals without T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Che Wang
- School of Qi Huang, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Wang
- School of Qi Huang, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shukun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maffei P, Bettini S, Busetto L, Dassie F. SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Management of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D): An Update on Current Evidence and Recommendations. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:3579-3598. [PMID: 37964939 PMCID: PMC10642354 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s240903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
SGLT2i (sodium glucose transporter type 2 inhibitors) are pharmacological agents that act by inhibiting the SGLT2, by reducing the renal plasma glucose threshold and inducing glycosuria, resulting in a blood glucose lowering effect. In recent years, studies demonstrating some additional positive effects of SGLT2i also in the treatment of T1D have increased progressively. The SGLT2i dapagliflozin and sotagliflozin have been temporarily licensed for use by the European Medical Agency (EMA) as an adjunct to insulin therapy in adults with T1D with a body mass index of 27 kg/m2 or higher. However, in the meantime, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee was divided, citing concerns about the main side effects of SGLT2i, especially diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The aim of this manuscript was to conduct an update on current evidence and recommendations of the reported use of SGLT2i in the treatment of T1D in humans. Preclinical studies, clinical trial and real world data suggest benefits in glycaemia control and nefro-cardiovascular protection, even though several studies have documented an important increase in the risk of DKA, a serious and life-threatening adverse event of these agents. SGLT2i potentially addresses some of the unmet needs associated with T1D by improving glycaemic control with weight loss and without increasing hypoglycemia, by reducing glycaemic variability. However, due to side effects, EMA recommendation for SGLT2 use on T1D was withdrawn. Further studies will be needed to determine the safety of this therapy in T1D and to define the type of patient who can benefit most from these medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Maffei
- Department of Medicine, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, Padua University, Padua, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tafish AM, El-Sherbiny M, Al‐Karmalawy AA, Soliman OAEA, Saleh NM. Carvacrol-Loaded Phytosomes for Enhanced Wound Healing: Molecular Docking, Formulation, DoE-Aided Optimization, and in vitro/in vivo Evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5749-5780. [PMID: 37849641 PMCID: PMC10578319 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s421617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite recent advances in wound healing products, phytochemicals have been considered promising and attractive alternatives. Carvacrol (CAR), a natural phenolic compound, has been reported to be effective in wound healing. Purpose This work endeavored to develop novel CAR-loaded phytosomes for the enhancement of the wound healing process. Methods Molecular docking was performed to compare the affinities of the different types of phospholipids to CAR. Phytosomes were prepared by three methods (thin-film hydration, cosolvency, and salting out) using Lipoid S100 and Phospholipon 90H with three levels of saturation percent (0%, 50%, and 100%), and three levels of phospholipid molar percent (66.67%, 75%, and 80%). The optimization was performed using Design Expert where particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential were chosen as dependent variables. The optimized formula (F1) was further investigated regarding entrapment efficiency, TEM, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, DSC, X-RD, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation, and stability. Furthermore, it was incorporated into a hydrogel formulation, and an in vivo study was conducted to investigate the wound-healing properties of F1. Results F1 was chosen as the optimized formula prepared via the thin-film hydration method with a saturation percent and a phospholipid molar percent of zero and 66.67, respectively. TEM revealed the spherical shape of phytosomal vesicles with uniform size, while the results of 1H-NMR, FT-IR, DSC, and X-RD confirmed the formation of the phytosomal complex. F1 demonstrated a higher in vitro release and a slower permeation than free CAR. The wound area of F1-treated animals showed a marked reduction associated with a high degree of collagen fiber deposition and enhanced cellular proliferation. Conclusion F1 can be considered as a promising remedy for the enhancement of wound healing and hence it would be hoped to undergo further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mowafy Tafish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al‐Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | | | - Noha Mohamed Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gebretensaie Y, Atnafu A, Alemu Y, Girma S, Desta K. Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the LINEAR Cromatest and Laboquick URS 10-T Dipsticks Among Urinary Tract Infection Suspects in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Urol 2023; 15:437-445. [PMID: 37818231 PMCID: PMC10560765 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s434128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) bring a significant and serious health-related problem. Repeated infections may lead to the development of renal scarring and end-stage renal dysfunction. Therefore, balancing the choices of UTI diagnostic tools depending on the costs versus accuracy can minimize false results that may subject patients to wrong treatments. Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LINEAR cromatest and Laboquick URS 10-T dipsticks against conventional urine culture at Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory (AAML), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A similar cohort of UTI-suspected patients from our previous study, who were prospectively enrolled from Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, were considered for this analysis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of different dipsticks were calculated using culture as a gold standard. ROC curve analysis was also used to determine diagnostic performance. A test with a P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Out of 446 urine samples processed, bacterial growth was observed in 141 (31.6%). Of this figure, 105/141 (74.5%) and 36/141 (25.5%) were from female and male participants, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the LINEAR Cromatest dipstick were 83.7% and 67.9%, respectively (P-value <0.001). The Laboquick URS 10-T dipstick showed sensitivity and specificity of 87.9% and 68.5%, respectively (P-value <0.001). The ROC analysis showed an AUC of >0.7 for both dipsticks. Conclusion In a setting where there is no access to urine culture, the urine dipstick may be considered an alternative diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of UTIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Gebretensaie
- American Advanced Medical Laboratory, American Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abay Atnafu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Alemu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Selfu Girma
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abu-El-Noor N, Aljeesh Y, Aliwaini S, Alhamss S, Darwish R, Abu-El-Noor M. Identifying Priorities and Needs to Improve Oncology Research in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:2529-2541. [PMID: 37664805 PMCID: PMC10474856 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s422167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the priorities of oncology research in the Gaza Strip; (2) explore the needs for improving oncology research in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Participants and Methods A qualitative approach for data collection was used in this study. After obtaining the ethical approvals to conduct this study, a sample of 42 health-care providers who are involved in providing oncology care and research in the Gaza Strip were included in this study. Data were collected by the researchers through seven focus groups. Thematic coding was used for data analysis. Two main themes and several sub-themes were extracted during the data analysis. Results The two main themes extracted from data analysis were research priorities and research needs. Participants identified several priorities in relation to oncology research that are assessing for cancer awareness, cancer prevention, exploring and finding new molecular biomarkers, screening for germ-line mutations related to the most common cancers, determining genetic and environmental risk factors for developing cancer, and exploring and testing new cancer therapies. Concerning research needs, participants identified several needs to enhance oncology research, which are financial needs, need for training, availability of data, creation of interdisciplinary research teams, and transforming in vitro studies to in vivo. Conclusion Well-designed studies will certainly help to identify the priorities and needs to improve oncology research in the Gaza Strip, which is considered one of the most important steps to help push these priorities onto the agenda of health policymakers. Therefore, they will work to set goals and design policies and programs aiming to reduce incidence and prevalence rates of cancer in the Gaza Strip, promote early detection of cancer, improve prognosis, and reduce mortality related to cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Abu-El-Noor
- Faculty of Nursing, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Yousef Aljeesh
- Faculty of Nursing, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Saeb Aliwaini
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
- Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Sohaib Alhamss
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Reda Darwish
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Mysoon Abu-El-Noor
- Faculty of Nursing, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
- Research and Development Center at Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital, Gaza, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao C, Xiang Z, Li M, Wang H, Liu H, Yan H, Huang M. Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab or Lenvatinib for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matched Study. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1195-1206. [PMID: 37521029 PMCID: PMC10386869 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s418256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and Lenvatinib (LEN) treatment (LEN-TACE) has been shown to be beneficial. We aimed to evaluate retrospectively Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev)-TACE compared with LEN-TACE as a first-line therapy for unresectable HCC. Patients and Methods From October 2020 to October 2022, data from 98 consecutive HCC patients were analyzed. After propensity score matching, two cohorts of 34 patients who received either Atezo/Bev-TACE or LEN-TACE were studied. We compared overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response, objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) based on RECIST 1.1 and mRECIST, as well as safety outcome between the two cohorts. Results The 6-month and 12-month OS rates were 85.3% (95% CI 73.5-97.0) and 75.4% (95% CI 53.6-85.7) in the Atezo/Bev-TACE group, and 88.2% (95% CI 76.5-97.1) and 79.2% (95% CI 63.6-90.9) in the LEN-TACE group, respectively. The hazard ratio for death in the Atezo/Bev-TACE group compared to the LEN-TACE group was 1.09 (95% CI 0.47-2.51; P = 0.837). The median PFS was 7.03 months (95% CI 3.89-10.17) in the Atezo/Bev-TACE group and 6.03 months (95% CI 0-14.14) in the LEN-TACE group (HR 1.21; 95% CI 0.66-2.21; P = 0.545). No significant difference in ORR and DCR between the two groups was observed either according to RECIST 1.1 or mRECIST standards. Incidence rates of hand-foot skin reaction (35.3% vs 5.9%, P = 0.003) and proteinuria (17.9% vs 2.9%, P = 0.046) were significantly higher in the LEN-TACE group. Conclusion Atezo/Bev-TACE and LEN-TACE showed comparable efficacy and safety as first-line therapies for unresectable HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanwang Xiang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haofan Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huzheng Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Addisu T, Tilahun M, Wedajo S, Sharew B. Trends Analysis of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Treatment Outcome in Amhara Regional from 2015 to 2021, Northeast Ethiopia. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2023; 15:399-410. [PMID: 37426768 PMCID: PMC10329428 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s411235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The persistent efforts of HIV/AIDS epidemiology remain one of the world's most important community health threats. To avoid becoming an epidemic, UNAIDS has set three 90% fast-track targets for 2020, and Ethiopia has also changed its implementation since 2015. However, the achievement targets in the Amhara region have yet to be evaluated at the end of the programme period. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the Trends of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Treatment outcome in Eastern Amhara Regional from 2015 to 2021, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the District Health Information System from 2015 to 2021. The collected data includes the trend of HIV testing services, the trend of HIV positivity, the yield of HIV testing approaches, the number of HIV positive patients linked to HIV care and treatment or access to lifelong antiretroviral therapy, viral load testing coverage, and viral suppression. A descriptive statistic and trend analysis were computed. Results A total of 145,639 people accessed antiretroviral therapy. The trend of HIV test positivity has been declining since 2015, peaking at 0.76% in 2015 and declining to 0.60% in 2020. A high level of positivity was reported in volunteer counselling and testing as compared with provider-initiated testing and counselling services. Following an HIV positive, there was an increase in linkage to HIV care and treatment. High suppression rates of viral load indicate testing coverage grew over time. The viral load monitoring coverage was 70% in 2021, with a viral suppression rate of 94%. Conclusion and Recommendations The trend in achievement in the first 90s was not consistent with predefined goals (90%). On the other hand, there was good achievement in the second and third goals. Hence, intensified case-finding approaches to HIV testing should be strengthened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tseganew Addisu
- Department of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret Tilahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Shambel Wedajo
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Bekele Sharew
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Atnafu A, Wassie L, Tilahun M, Girma S, Zenebe Y, Beyene MA, Alemu A, Fisseha E, Agze H, Desta T, Desta K, Bobosha K. Microbiological Investigations of Fine Needle Aspirates from Newly Suspected and Previously Treated Tubercular Lymphadenitis Patients. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:3453-3461. [PMID: 37283940 PMCID: PMC10241182 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s407866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), particularly tubercular lymphadenitis (TBLN), remains to pose a huge public health problem in Ethiopia. A significant number of TBLN patients who completed a full course anti-TB treatment regimen were reported to have enlarged lymph nodes and other TB-like clinical presentations. This could either be from a paradoxical reaction or microbiological relapse, possibly due to mono/multi-drug resistance. Objective To investigate the rate of mono and multidrug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a cause of the observed treatment failures in clinically diagnosed and anti-TB treatment (newly or previously)-initiated LN patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 126 TBLN-suspected and previously treated patients between March and September 2022. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26.0). Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency, percentage, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. The level of agreement was determined using Cohen's kappa and a Chi-square test was used to measure the association between risk factors and laboratory test outcomes. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed in 28.6% (N=36) of the 126 cases using BACTEC MGIT 960 culture detection method. Approximately, 13% (N=16) of the samples were collected from previously treated TBLN patients, of which 5/16 (31.3%) were multi-drug resistant, 7/16 were drug-sensitive and 4/16 were culture negative. To rule out other non-tuberculous agents, all samples were grown on blood and Mycosel agar plates, and no growth was detected. Conclusion The emergence of drug resistant (DR) TB seems to not just be limited to pulmonary form but also to TBLN. In this study we observed a considerable number of microbiologically confirmed relapses among previously treated cases, possibly indicating the need for confirmation of drug resistance using rapid molecular methods or phenotypical methods during treatment follow up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abay Atnafu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Liya Wassie
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Tilahun
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Selfu Girma
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Zenebe
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ashenafi Alemu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Emnet Fisseha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Haymanot Agze
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Desta
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kidist Bobosha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gebretensaie Y, Atnafu A, Girma S, Alemu Y, Desta K. Prevalence of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection, Associated Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:3041-3050. [PMID: 37215305 PMCID: PMC10199700 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s402279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) brought a significant and serious health-related problem that may lead to the subsequent development of serious indications with the challenge of the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the choice of antibiotics depends on the accuracy of the diagnostic tool of UTIs to minimize false results that may subject patients to wrong treatments. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacteriuria, associated factors, and AMR pattern of UTI-suspected patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2022, at Arsho Advanced Medical Laboratory (AAML), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Species identification and isolation from bacterial colonies were characterized by gram stain and biochemical properties followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer method on Muller-Hinton agar. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the association between the independent variables and significant bacterial growth to identify factors that affect the prevalence of UTI. A test is considered statistically significant that has a P value less than 0.05. Results Out of 141 (31.6%) which yielded significant bacteriuria, 16 different species of bacterial uropathogens were identified. A total of 105/446 (91 Gram-negative and 14 Gram-positive) of bacterial growth in the female gender and 36/446 (33 Gram-negative and 3 Gram positive) in male were observed with a P value of 0.03. The most predominant bacteria were E. coli followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Amoxicillin had shown the highest resistance rate (100%) followed by Ampicillin (98.9%). Females and participants with previous infections were shown to be associated with significant bacterial growth. Conclusion Based on our study finding, the ordinarily used antibiotics seem to face emerging resistant strains, which needs considerable and due attention to the impact of UTI in developing countries including Ethiopia. History of previous UTIs and female gender were shown to be possible risk factors associated with UTIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Gebretensaie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abay Atnafu
- Mycobacterial Disease Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Selfu Girma
- Mycobacterial Disease Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Alemu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Said B, Gharawi MO, Dallak FH, Maashi AQ, Hurissi E, Gharawi SO, Tarshi MM, Hayyan AI, Faqihi SA, AlMusawa HI, Hakami GM, Alhazmi AH. Factors Associated with Anxiety During COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Association with Hypertension in Saudi Arabia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:905-912. [PMID: 37016675 PMCID: PMC10066885 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s400168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension (HTN) are considered a vulnerable group, and they are prone to anxiety and other psychological conditions during pandemics. Very few reports discussed factors related to anxiety and how it is associated with HTN during COVID-19 pandemic. In this project, we aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety among hypertensive patients in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were collected using an electronic self-administered pretested questionnaire distributed via trained data collectors. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-test. Results A total of 2135 participants were enrolled in this study. Anxiety was reported in 5% of all participants and 8% of the hypertensive participants. Older age, marital status, higher body mass index (BMI), smoking, and Khat chewing were strongly associated with anxiety among the general population. In addition, less adherence to medication made participants with HTN significantly more anxious. Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety among hypertensive individuals is higher compared to the general population. Moreover, anxiety is significantly associated with some sociodemographic in the general population, and with less adherence to medications in hypertensive patients. Further studies with data from medical record including more variables are needed to highlight this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Badria Said
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Afnan Q Maashi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Hurissi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Melia M Tarshi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Suzan A Faqihi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abdulaziz H Alhazmi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Abdulaziz H Alhazmi, Jazan University, Tel +966-7329-5000, Email
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alharbi AA, Alharbi AA, Bashen DS, Owaidah T. Evaluation of Minimal Optimal Dose of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose for Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Risk of Transient Hyperferritinemia. J Blood Med 2022; 13:681-690. [PMID: 36419736 PMCID: PMC9677926 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s374780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron supplementation is administered orally or intravenously to treat iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Ferric Carboxymaltose (FCM) "Ferinject®" is an intravenous (IV) iron preparation that has emerged as a safe therapeutic option for treating IDA in the past decade. AIM This study aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of carboxymaltose in a cohort of patients with IDA not responding to oral therapy. METHODS This 12-month retrospective study included 106 patients with IDA, with-or without bariatric surgery, who received (single or multiple doses) of Carboxymaltose 500mg/10mL. Data points included patients' demographics, baseline data for Hb, platelet, ferritin, and MCV pre-and at 1, 2, and 3 months following different doses of IV-Carboxymaltose. Changes in Hb, MCV, platelets, and ferritin levels were recorded in response to Carboxymaltose to assess the optimal dose, risk of hyperferritinemia, and hypophosphatemia. RESULTS At three months (95 days) follow-up, the median change pre-and post-therapy in hemoglobin was from 9.5 to 11.9g/dL (p < 0.01), MCV 73.6-80.5fL (p < 0.01), and ferritin 5.3-93.8ng/mL. A significant difference was observed between platelet count of patients who underwent bariatric surgery and those who did not. An optimal ferritin response (>30ng/mL) was observed in 87.8% of patients who received first dose, and none of the full three doses showed no response. 37% of patients who received two doses developed hyperferritinemia. Serum phosphate levels were assessed in 28 cases, and hypophosphatemia was observed in 25% of these patients. CONCLUSION Carboxymaltose is a reliable option for IDA. IV-FCM therapy helps achieve significant improvement in hemoglobin concentration and MCV from the first dose carrying a low reversible risk of hyperferritinemia following multiple doses. An interesting finding of this study is the discovery of a population of IDA patients requiring periodic assessment for iron reinfusion to sustain normal levels, mostly post-bariatric surgery. Changes in serum phosphate levels reported to occur consecutively with FCM treatment should be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Alharbi
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory Department, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al Takhassusi, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alharbi
- Laboratory Department, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al Takhassusi, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dhafer Salem Bashen
- Laboratory Department, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Hospital in Al Takhassusi, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Owaidah
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Department, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zheng HQ, Ma YC, Chen YQ, Xu YY, Pang YL, Liu L. Clinical Analysis and Risk Factors of Bronchiolitis Obliterans After Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4101-4108. [PMID: 35924019 PMCID: PMC9343175 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s372940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Qi Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cong Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Quan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yue Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Lin Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Li Liu, Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China, Email
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tilahun D, Yimer MA, Zamanuel TG. High Magnitude of Neonatal Anemia Among Sick Newborns Admitted to University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. J Blood Med 2022; 13:293-302. [PMID: 35698546 PMCID: PMC9188329 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s361675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anemia is a global health problem that affects all ages, particularly children under five years. If not treated early, childhood anemia results in impaired growth, delayed cognitive development, and organ dysfunction. There is a scarcity of studies on the prevalence of anemia among hospitalized sick neonates, especially in developing countries. Objective This study aimed to determine the magnitude of anemia and associated factors among hospitalized sick newborns at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UOGCSH). Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among admitted newborns from June 1 to September 30, 2020. All newborns whose gestational age (GA) ≥28 weeks and postnatal age ≤28 days, admitted to UOGCSH during the study period were included in the study. Data were collected by pediatric residents and a systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors with neonatal anemia. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results During the study period, 272 newborns were enrolled. The mean hemoglobin value was 15.74 ± 4.27 gm/dL. The prevalence of neonatal anemia in the study population was 30.1% (95% CI: 24.6–35.7). Neonatal age >7 days (AOR = 4.41, 95% CI: 1.86–10.5), maternal anemia (AOR = 9.93, 95% CI: 4.36–21.6), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI: 1.54–10. 7), being multiple births (AOR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.73–12.8), subgaleal hemorrhage (AOR = 7.56, 95%: 1.87–30.6), and hyperbilirubinemia (AOR = 3.84, 95% CI: 1.58–9.31) were associated with neonatal anemia. Conclusion and Recommendation The prevalence of anemia among hospitalized newborns was high. The current study recommends that healthcare providers should screen anemia among sick newborns who had risk factors. Prevention of maternal anemia and early treatment of obstetric complications will reduce the burden of anemia in sick neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Degalem Tilahun
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Ayalew Yimer
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Teshome Geletaw Zamanuel
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Teshome Geletaw Zamanuel, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia, Tel +251 913227167, Email
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Elseddig MK, Arbab AH, Eltahir YAM, Yousef BA. Perception of Pharmacy Teachers About Their Roles and Current Practice at Governmental Universities in Sudan. Adv Med Educ Pract 2022; 13:309-317. [PMID: 35431591 PMCID: PMC9012310 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s355931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacy educator has a number of roles and responsibilities, an information provider, clinical trainer, role model on-the-job, formal teaching settings, course planner and resource material creator, student assessor, and curriculum evaluator. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the perception and commitment of pharmacy teachers in Sudanese governmental universities about their roles and educational responsibilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at governmental pharmacy colleges in Sudan from November 2020 to July 2021. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE) Guide No. 20. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and Microsoft Excel version 16. RESULTS Out of 125 participants, 61.6% were female and 65.6% were lecturers. Approximately half of them had less than five years' experience. The most important role perceived and the highest committed one was a lecturer in the classroom setting. Only half of the participants had good perceptions and commitment regarding teachers' roles. Age, designation, and continuous professional development were significantly associated with participants' commitment. Also, a significant association was found between the perception and practice of the participants. CONCLUSION Only half of pharmacy educators were found to have a good perception and good commitment regarding their role as teachers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K Elseddig
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Ahmed H Arbab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yasir A M Eltahir
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kordofan University, Alobeid, Sudan
| | - Bashir A Yousef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Demeke Alemu K, Abebe Moges N, Jara Boneya D, Assemu Asrade A, Degu Tsega T, Shitaw Tewachew A. Time to Switch to Second-Line Anti-Retroviral Treatment and Its Predictors Among HIV Infected Adults with Virological Failure in Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study. HIV AIDS (Auckl) 2022; 14:87-100. [PMID: 35281768 PMCID: PMC8906823 DOI: 10.2147/hiv.s348076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kasaye Demeke Alemu
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention Care and Treatment, International Center for AIDS Care Program/ICAP, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Kasaye Demeke Alemu, Tel +251921668185, Email
| | - Nurilign Abebe Moges
- Departments of Public Health College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Dube Jara Boneya
- Departments of Public Health College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Abaynew Assemu Asrade
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention Care and Treatment, International Center for AIDS Care Program/ICAP, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Degu Tsega
- Departments of Public Health College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Abrham Shitaw Tewachew
- Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention Care and Treatment, International Center for AIDS Care Program/ICAP, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- College of Medicine, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mesele H, Shiferaw M, Tunta A, Seid A, Kassahun W. Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination Among Adult Diabetes Patients in Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North Ethiopia; A Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:2451-2459. [PMID: 36081925 PMCID: PMC9447444 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s379531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to recently published data, individuals infected with COVID-19 having concomitant diabetes may experience disease worsening or even death. The purpose of this study was to determine diabetes patients' willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine as well as its magnitude and determinants. METHODS Three hundred eighty six diabetes patients who visited Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital during February and March 2022 participated in this institution-based cross-sectional study. Descriptive statistics were used to demonstrate frequencies and percentages, while logistic regression was used to identify the relevant determinants of vaccination readiness. Age, gender, income, place of residence, COVID-19 exposure, length of diabetes, awareness of and attitudes toward the COVID-19 immunization were all evaluated as associated factors. RESULTS Out of 386 study participants, 268 (69.43%) were male and 146 (37.82) completed their secondary schooling. From 386 study participants 82.6% (95% CI; 78.5-86.3%) were willing to get vaccinated. The uptake of the COVID-19 vaccination among diabetes patients was independently influenced by sex (Adjusted Odd Ratio [AOR] = 6.84 (2.98, 15.68)), exposure to the illness (AOR 8.98 (3.22, 25.04)), attitude (AOR = 2.63 (1.2, 5.77)), and length of the disease (AOR = 0.62 (0.51, 0.76)). CONCLUSION Most of the study participants were willing to get the COVID-19 immunization. The relevant agency should make the immunization available in order to enhance disease control and reduce infection-related complications with special consideration of diabetes patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Mesele
- Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulu Shiferaw
- Biomedical Unit, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Mulu Shiferaw, Biomedical Unit, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, PO Box 400, Woldia, Ethiopia, Email
| | - Abayneh Tunta
- Biomedical Unit, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Addisie Seid
- Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Woldeteklehymanot Kassahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|