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Lopes-Paciencia S, Bourdeau V, Rowell MC, Amirimehr D, Guillon J, Kalegari P, Barua A, Quoc-Huy Trinh V, Azzi F, Turcotte S, Serohijos A, Ferbeyre G. A senescence restriction point acting on chromatin integrates oncogenic signals. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114044. [PMID: 38568812 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We identify a senescence restriction point (SeRP) as a critical event for cells to commit to senescence. The SeRP integrates the intensity and duration of oncogenic stress, keeps a memory of previous stresses, and combines oncogenic signals acting on different pathways by modulating chromatin accessibility. Chromatin regions opened upon commitment to senescence are enriched in nucleolar-associated domains, which are gene-poor regions enriched in repeated sequences. Once committed to senescence, cells no longer depend on the initial stress signal and exhibit a characteristic transcriptome regulated by a transcription factor network that includes ETV4, RUNX1, OCT1, and MAFB. Consistent with a tumor suppressor role for this network, the levels of ETV4 and RUNX1 are very high in benign lesions of the pancreas but decrease dramatically in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. The discovery of senescence commitment and its chromatin-linked regulation suggests potential strategies for reinstating tumor suppression in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Lopes-Paciencia
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Véronique Bourdeau
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Marie-Camille Rowell
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Davoud Amirimehr
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jordan Guillon
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Paloma Kalegari
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Arnab Barua
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Institut de recherche en immunologie et en cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de pathologie, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Feryel Azzi
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Simon Turcotte
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de chirurgie, Service de chirurgie hépatopancréatobiliaire, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Adrian Serohijos
- Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Gerardo Ferbeyre
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Seyffert M, Wu C, Özkan-Seely GF. Insights into the Impact of Organizational Factors and Burnout on the Employees of a For-Profit Psychiatric Hospital during the Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:484. [PMID: 38673395 PMCID: PMC11050685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we provide insights into the interplay among the organizational, job, and attitudinal factors and employees' intentions to resign during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at a mental health hospital. We point out shortcomings in the relationship dynamics between executive administration and operational staff and propose a pathway to develop more effective leadership frameworks to increase job satisfaction. We integrate qualitative data from case information and open-ended questions posed to employees at a mental health hospital and quantitative data from a small-scale survey (n = 19). We highlight that the ability to achieve objectives, work autonomy, burnout, affective commitment, distributive and procedural justice, and job satisfaction are critical in determining individuals' intentions to resign. Individuals identified disconnectedness and moral distress as critical aspects, while highlighting empathy, compassion, satisfaction, and confidence as pivotal elements. Mental healthcare settings could benefit from enhancing the staff's ability to achieve objectives, work autonomy, affective commitment, and both distributive and procedural justice. Addressing burnout and implementing measures to increase job satisfaction are equally vital. Efficiently restructuring dynamics between various leadership levels and staff can significantly improve employee retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seyffert
- School of Business, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Chunyi Wu
- Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
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Niehuis S, Davis K, Reifman A, Callaway K, Luempert A, Oldham CR, Head J, Willis-Grossmann E. Psychometric Evaluation of Single-Item Relationship Satisfaction, Love, Conflict, and Commitment Measures. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2024; 50:387-405. [PMID: 36350190 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221133693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Issues in applied survey research, including minimizing respondent burden and ensuring measures' brevity for smartphone administration, have intensified efforts to create short measures. We conducted two studies on the psychometric properties of single-item satisfaction, love, conflict, and commitment measures. Study 1 was longitudinal, surveying college-age dating couples at three monthly waves (n =121, 84, and 68 couples at the respective waves). Partners completed single- and multi-item measures of the four constructs, along with other variables, to examine test-retest reliability and convergent, concurrent, and predictive validity. Single-item measures of satisfaction, love, and commitment exhibited impressive psychometric qualities, but our single-item conflict measure performed somewhat less strongly. Study 2, a cross-sectional online survey (n = 280), showed strong convergent validity of the single-item measures, including that of conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karsen Davis
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
- Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA
| | | | - Kenzi Callaway
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - C Rebecca Oldham
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
- Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA
| | - Jayla Head
- Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
- Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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4
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Coleman CH. Holding the Guardrails on Involuntary Commitment. Hastings Cent Rep 2024; 54:8-11. [PMID: 38639168 DOI: 10.1002/hast.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In response to the increasing number of mentally ill people experiencing homelessness, some policy-makers have called for the expanded use of involuntary commitment, even for individuals who are not engaging in behaviors that are immediately life-threatening. Yet there is no evidence that involuntary commitment offers long-term benefits, and significant reasons to believe that expanding the practice will cause harm. In addition, these proposals ignore research showing that most people with mental illness have the capacity to make medical decisions for themselves. Rather than expanding the use of involuntary commitment, policy-makers should support approaches proven to decrease the prevalence of homelessness, such as supportive housing. In addition, states should reevaluate their commitment standards for persons who pose no risk of harm to others. One promising approach is Northern Ireland's Mental Health Capacity Act of 2016, which establishes a uniform standard for imposing nonconsensual health care interventions, without any distinction between mental illnesses and other conditions in which capacity might be compromised.
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Badenes-Sastre M, Beltrán-Morillas AM, Expósito F. Absence Versus Presence of Intimate Partner Violence in a Sample of Spanish Women: Conflict Resolution Strategies and Associated Variables. Violence Against Women 2024; 30:832-853. [PMID: 36628445 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221147907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Through two studies (N = 544 women), the role of types of relational problems (absence vs. presence of intimate partner violence [IPV]) in the use of conflict resolution strategies (exit and loyalty) was analyzed, considering the serial mediating effect of dependency and commitment and the moderating effect of benevolent sexism. The main results showed that higher scores in dependency and commitment predicted less use of exit strategies among women who reported IPV. No significant results were found regarding loyalty strategy and benevolent sexism. Ultimately, implications for women's perceived risk of future violence were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Badenes-Sastre
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana M Beltrán-Morillas
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisca Expósito
- Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Joel S, Machia L. How Do Invested Partners Become Invested? A Prospective Investigation of Fledgling Relationship Development. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2024:1461672231224351. [PMID: 38323619 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231224351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Investment-the feeling that one has put considerable resources into a relationship-is theorized to play a key role in relationship persistence. Yet, the development of investment is not well-understood. We recruited 256 individuals in new dating relationships and surveyed them each week for up to 25 weeks. This design allows us to test underlying theoretical assumptions about how people become invested in new dating partners. Some assumptions, such as the idea that investment increases over time, were confirmed. Other assumptions were not supported: Feelings of investment were quite high after only a few weeks of dating and were not strongly shaped by concrete relationship milestones. Rather, feelings of investment were strongly linked to other subjective indicators of relationship development, such as feeling attached to the partner and believing that the relationship had a good future. We discuss the implications of these findings for existing models of investment.
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Fontaine P. Commitment, Cold War, and the battles of the self: Thomas Schelling on behavior control. J Hist Behav Sci 2024; 60:e22302. [PMID: 38557921 DOI: 10.1002/jhbs.22302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Economist Nobelist Thomas C. Schelling (1921-2016) is known for his contribution to the analysis of international conflict and many see him as the Cold Warrior par excellence. At a time of great uncertainties and dangers, Schelling combined a deep understanding of strategic analysis, a detailed knowledge of US commitments around the world and an inimitable talent for dissecting everyday behavior, which made him a think tank all on his own. When he turned to the analysis of bargaining in the mid-1950s, one question dominated policy discussions: "How to demonstrate the US commitment to the 'free world'"? Schelling answered unequivocally: By restricting one's choices so as to shift others' expectations and thereby influence their behavior in the desired direction. By the mid-1970s, after he had broken with the US administration and joined the Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior, Schelling transposed the tactics deployed in international conflict to the analysis of individuals trying to achieve self-control. In the process, he reproduced the logic of military conflict at the level of the self. The view of a conflicted self itself comprised of two selves made restricted choice the daily routine of individuals who wish to avoid the negative consequences of their present behavior in the future while it promised those who enjoy unbounded freedom of choice an unsettling future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Fontaine
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Kanapeckaitė R, Bagdžiūnienė D. Relationships between team characteristics and soldiers' organizational commitment and well-being: the mediating role of psychological resilience. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1353793. [PMID: 38348253 PMCID: PMC10860049 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1353793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Military operations call for a great deal of readiness and resilience on the part of the soldiers, once confronted with high-stress scenarios. Resilience, in this context, has to do with the ability to effectively cope with the adverse impacts of setbacks and the accompanying stressors, ensuring that overall performance and combat effectiveness remain unhampered. In the modern military context, it is relevant to examine more deeply the phenomenon of soldiers' resilience, its importance in positive organizational and personal outcomes as well as the role of team factors for the improving of soldiers' resilience. The study aimed to examine team-level factors that determine soldiers' psychological resilience and to reveal the mediating role of resilience in the relationships between team factors and organizational commitment and well-being. Sample A cross-sectional convenience sample included 422 soldiers on professional military duty in the Lithuanian Armed Forces. Methods Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. We applied structural equation modeling to assess the research models. Results Team cohesion and colleague support proved to be reliable predictors of increased psychological resilience; individuals with higher resilience were more committed to the organization and experienced higher well-being; the results confirmed the hypotheses that soldier resilience has a mediating effect on the relationships between team characteristics and their commitment, and well-being. Conclusion The findings help clarify the relationships between team characteristics, soldiers' resilience, commitment and well-being. They may be useful for improving soldier resilience through team cohesion, mutual support, cooperation, and for integrating team-building interventions into military resilience training programs.
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Sanchez C, Porro B, Blanc N. Development of a New Scale to Assess Students' Autodetermination At School (AAS). Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:181-202. [PMID: 38248132 PMCID: PMC10813875 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The Autodetermination At School (AAS) hetero-evaluative scale was created and validated in a French teacher population with the aim of quantifying, in an ecological way, the commitment at school of elementary students. After establishing the scale's face validity, AAS was tested with an exploratory factor analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis, a convergent validity analysis, a test-retest analysis and an inter-individual analysis. The EFA highlighted three distinct factors and the CFA validated the reliability of a three-factor model for AAS with relevant fits and indices. The first dimension concerns teacher perception of academic commitment, reflecting both child performance and autonomous motivation. The second and third ones reflect teacher perception of the child's social commitment, to their peers as well as to their teacher. Consequently, AAS is a useful, reliable and robust psychometric instrument that emphases how intrinsic motivation and performance are closely linked. It also considers the importance of social child commitment at school. The inter-individual analysis revealed trends of grade, gender and school environment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sanchez
- Department of Psychology, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON UR 4556, 34000 Montpellier, France;
| | - Bertrand Porro
- Université d’Angers, Université de Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) UMR_S 1085, IRSET-ESTER, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France;
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO), 49055 Angers, France
| | - Nathalie Blanc
- Department of Psychology, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON UR 4556, 34000 Montpellier, France;
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Azad A, Carlsson J. Identity status and narrative identity processes in female adolescents' stories about committing crimes and being convicted. J Adolesc 2024; 96:124-135. [PMID: 37794697 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent delinquency has been suggested to evolve from a normative motivation to establish independence and identity. However, few studies have examined this in detail, especially in young women. The aim was, therefore, to investigate identity formation in adolescent females with limited delinquency by focusing on identity status and identity processes in narratives about committing crimes and being convicted. METHODS Interviews with 10 females, 15-18 years old, sentenced to youth service in three Swedish cities were conducted on Zoom. RESULTS The results showed an equal distribution of all identity statuses within the group. Thematic analysis of their stories about crime and conviction showed that delinquency was described in terms of exploration and commitment, although commitment appeared more clearly. Social relations, in particular peers, played an important role in both committing as well as desisting from delinquency. In terms of narrative processes, the stories contained elements of agency, although diminishing of one's own capability and/or responsibility was common, and meaning making, mostly lesson learning, usually pertained to behaviors, interactional rules, or norms. CONCLUSION These findings point to the importance of viewing delinquency among young women in a social and developmental context, where delinquency may be a part of the process of identity formation. Interventions focusing on expressing needs of belonging as well as finding oneself in more adaptive ways are warranted, where supporting pro-social relations and contexts is a suggested focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadé Azad
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Carlsson
- Department of Psychology, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Schrage KM, Le BM, Stellar JE, Impett EA. Feeling Appreciated Predicts Prosocial Motivation in Avoidantly Attached Individuals. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2024; 50:103-118. [PMID: 36125073 PMCID: PMC10676047 DOI: 10.1177/01461672221122515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prosocial motivation is an important ingredient for satisfying relationships. However, individuals high in attachment avoidance-those who fear closeness and prefer independence-often display reduced prosocial motivation for their romantic partner. In two daily experience studies (Ntotal = 324), we examined whether feeling appreciated by a romantic partner would buffer this negative link. When avoidantly attached individuals felt highly appreciated by their partner, they displayed greater prosocial motivation; specifically, they were more willing to sacrifice, and did so with the intention to benefit their partner (Studies 1 and 2). These effects did not emerge for other, less prosocial motives for sacrifice, such as to benefit oneself or avoid negative outcomes. Furthermore, one reason why avoidantly attached individuals were more prosocial when they felt appreciated is because they felt more committed to the relationship (Study 2). These findings reveal the importance of feeling appreciated, especially among individuals who typically neglect a partner's needs.
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Wang J, Cordente-Martínez C, Ospina-Betancurt J. Examining the psychometric properties of the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) with basketball players in China and Spain. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1273606. [PMID: 37928569 PMCID: PMC10620285 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1273606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study examines the complex interactions between coaches and athletes in federative basketball in two different cultural contexts: China and Spain. The paper examines the interpersonal psychological dimensions from a direct viewpoint and a meta-perspective, drawing on the Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) and guided by the 3Cs model (Closeness, Commitment, and Complementarity). The CART-Q was translated and modified for use in both nations' federative basketball organizational systems to guarantee cross-cultural applicability. Careful translation techniques were used to achieve semantic homogeneity between the Spanish and Chinese versions of the questionnaire, including talks with knowledgeable linguists. The translated versions improved response comparability and kept the same item numbers as the original 2012 instrument. Out of the 771 distributed questionnaires, 763 legitimate answers were gathered via online surveys conducted using secure platforms (Google Forms for Spain and Wenjuanxing for China). The research included a three-step mediation study using structural equation modeling, which allowed for a thorough investigation of the concurrent validity of the modified CART-Qs. The findings indisputably support the reliability and validity of the CART-Qs translated into Chinese and Spanish. The research shows small but significant cultural disparities in the comprehensive perspective of coach-athlete interactions. These results have extensive ramifications for the sport and highlight how crucial it is to consider cultural differences when coaching and developing athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Wang
- Departamento de Deportes, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Cordente-Martínez
- Departamento de Deportes, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jonathan Ospina-Betancurt
- Departamento Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Valoración del Rendimiento Deportivo, Actividad Física y Salud, y Lesiones Deportivas (REDAFLED), Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain
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Larcombe SD, Briggs EM, Savill N, Szoor B, Matthews KR. The developmental hierarchy and scarcity of replicative slender trypanosomes in blood challenges their role in infection maintenance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306848120. [PMID: 37824530 PMCID: PMC10589647 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306848120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of Trypanosoma brucei in its mammalian host is marked by a distinct morphological change as replicative "slender" forms differentiate into cell cycle arrested "stumpy" forms in a quorum-sensing-dependent manner. Although stumpy forms dominate chronic infections at the population level, the proportion of replicative parasites at the individual cell level and the irreversibility of arrest in the bloodstream are unclear. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that developmental cell cycle arrest is definitively irreversible in acute and chronic infections in mice. Furthermore, analysis of replicative capacity and single-cell transcriptome profiling reveal a temporal hierarchy, whereby cell cycle arrest and appearance of a reversible stumpy-like transcriptome precede irreversible commitment and morphological change. Unexpectedly, we show that proliferating parasites are exceptionally scarce in the blood after infections are established. This challenges the ability of bloodstream trypanosomes to sustain infection by proliferation or antigenic variation, these parasites instead being overwhelmingly adapted for transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. Larcombe
- School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Emma M. Briggs
- School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH9 3FL, United Kingdom
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, School of Infection and Immunity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Savill
- School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Balazs Szoor
- School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Keith R. Matthews
- School of Biological Sciences, Ashworth laboratories, Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, EdinburghEH9 3FL, United Kingdom
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Alzoubi MM, KS H, AM R, Al-Zoubi KM, AL-Mugheed K, Alsenany SA, Oweidat I, Abdelaliem SM. Effect of total quality management intervention on nurse commitment and nurse performance: A quasi-experimental study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35390. [PMID: 37800832 PMCID: PMC10552992 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to design, implement, and evaluate the impact of a total quality management intervention on job performance and commitment among Jordanian nurses working in government hospitals. METHODS A quasi-experimental multiple time series was conducted starting in September 2017 and ending in June 2018. 140 nurses were sampled using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique; 132 were completed the study 67 the intervention group, while 65 in the control group. RESULTS There were no significant differences in nurses' job performance or commitment between the 2 groups (control and intervention). A repeated measure MANOVA test for both groups revealed that the interaction between group and time was statistically significant (F (4, 127) = 144.841; P = .001; Wilk's Λ = 0.180; η2 = .820), indicating that groups had a significantly different pattern of job performance and commitment over time. A repeated test The MANCOVA test for both groups across time revealed significant differences in nurses' job performance and nurses' commitment at a less than 0.05 significance level (F (2127) = 320.724; P = .001; Wilk's Λ = 0.165; η2 = 0.835), and the overall effect of time was significant for all dependent variables (F (4125) = 36.879; P = .001; Wilk's Λ = 0.459; η2 = 0.541). CONCLUSION The educational intervention was effective in improving nursing job performance among the study sample. The improved commitment of respondents in the intervention group was attributed to the improvement in job performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi M. Alzoubi
- Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hayati KS
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Community Health Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malasia
| | - Rosliza AM
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Community Health Department, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malasia
| | - Khaled M. Al-Zoubi
- Department of Banking and Financial Sciences, Irbid National University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Samira A. Alsenany
- Department of Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Oweidat
- Department of Nursing Management, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Sally M.F. Abdelaliem
- Department of Nursing Management and Education, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Fishbein EM, Frongillo EA, Samin S, Richards AL, Blake CE, Saunders RP, Shapiro CJ. Understanding Commitment of Local Food Banks, Faith-Based Organizations, and Schools to Provide Nongovernment Food Programs. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:102005. [PMID: 37877036 PMCID: PMC10590716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nongovernment food assistance is typically provided to families by faith-based organizations, schools, and food banks. Community organizations appear to be strongly committed to these programs, but little is known about the basis for this commitment. Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the values and identities of community organizations to understand the reasons for their commitment to providing nongovernment food assistance. Methods Thirty-three in-depth interviews were conducted with 36 leaders at faith-based organizations (19 participants), schools (14 participants), and a local food bank (3 participants) in South Carolina. Observations were made, and informational documents (e.g., flyers and pamphlets) were reviewed. Thematic coding using the constant comparative method was guided by the policy concepts of organizational perspectives, values, and identities. Results Nongovernment food programs offered participants volunteering opportunities to become involved with community organizations, which in turn increased financial support for the sustainability of these programs. School participants regarded themselves as a mechanism through which food programs were provided because of their commitment to students and believed they have limited capacity to make proposals to influence the food programs. Seeking to improve the well-being of the community by ending hunger was not the primary value on which organizations focused; instead, it was the process of fulfilling other values (e.g., forming or maintaining relationships within the community), maintaining identity, and appealing to their participants that strengthened their commitment to nongovernment food programs. Conclusion Nongovernment programs are meant to be a solution to food insecurity complementary to government programs. Commitment to nongovernment programs fulfills organizational identities, wants, and assumptions, but a consequence of commitment to food programs, derived from fulfilling other values, is that the roots of hunger in a community become obscured and alternative solutions are ignored or rejected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza M. Fishbein
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Edward A. Frongillo
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Sharraf Samin
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Audrey L. Richards
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Christine E. Blake
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Ruth P. Saunders
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Cheri J. Shapiro
- Institute for Families in Society, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
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16
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Heim C, Heim C. "How did you stay together so long?" Relationship longevity, a cross-generational qualitative study. J Marital Fam Ther 2023; 49:781-801. [PMID: 37418139 DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
This global qualitative study adopted a cross-generational approach considering key factors contributing to relationship longevity. Relatively few studies consider factors leading to relationship longevity as articulated by couples themselves, and there is a paucity of research considering young couples' questions regarding relationship longevity. This study has two sample groups. In sample one (n = 137) we asked individuals in relationship of 3-15 years questions they would ask couples in marriages of 40+ years. We then asked our second sample of coupled individuals married 40+ years (n = 180) these questions. The primary question from the younger couples to couples in long-term marriages regarded their "secret" to relationship longevity. This study focuses on this one question and coupled individuals' self-articulation of their "secrets" to relationship longevity. The top seven were (1) commitment, (2) altruism, (3) shared values, (4) good communication, (5) compromise: give and take, (6) love, and (7) never give up. The clinical implications for couple therapists are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heim
- Tasmania North Mental Health Services, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Caroline Heim
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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17
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Derbyshire K, Thai S, Midgley C, Lockwood P. Love under lockdown: How changes in time with partner impacted stress and relationship outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Soc Pers Relat 2023; 40:2918-2945. [PMID: 37744688 PMCID: PMC10009005 DOI: 10.1177/02654075231162599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
With the onset of COVID-19, governments around much of the world implemented strict social distancing and stay-at-home orders that profoundly affected the amount of time many couples were spending together. In the present research, we examined whether perceptions of a change in time spent with a partner were associated with stress, and whether stress levels in turn predicted relationship commitment and satisfaction, both in the short term (Time 1) and longer term (Time 2; i.e., after 10 months). Results indicated partial mediation, such that less (vs. more) time spent with the partner was associated with greater stress at Time 1, which in turn partly accounted for lower commitment and relationship satisfaction both at Time 1, and satisfaction at Time 2. Less (vs. more) time spent with partner at Time 1 also predicted a greater likelihood of relationship dissolution at Time 2, again partially mediated by stress. An increase in quality time spent together at Time 2 predicted stress and relationship outcomes over and above the change in time spent together more generally. This research has important implications for understanding the ongoing effects of the pandemic on romantic relationships. In addition, this study provides new evidence regarding how changes in time spent with a partner are associated with stress and subsequent relationship outcomes.
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18
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Volnukhin AB, Morozova TE, Zhernakova NI, Pomytkina TE, Stremoukhov AA, Sharkhun OO, Agranovich NV, Samokhina EO, Zaugolnikova TV, Reze AG, Khoroshilova YA. [The rise of attractiveness of specialty "General Practice" for graduates of medical universities]. Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med 2023; 31:1021-1027. [PMID: 37898894 DOI: 10.32687/0869-866x-2023-31-5-1021-1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The choice of specialty by graduate of medical university can be promoted by particular social, demographic and personal characteristics. Purpose of the study is to investigate demographic, social and personal characteristics of students in residency on specialty "General Medical Practice" in the Russian Federation. The sociological, statistical and analytical methods are applied. The sampling for survey consisted of 81 respondents. The specialty "General Medical Practice" is chosen mainly by women residing in city, non-married and without children. They are not characterized by participation in public life and they are characterized by the presence of hobbies (hobbies). The choice is conditioned by multidisciplinary nature of medical care and scope of professional horizons. They are attracted by treatment work and are less interested in pedagogy and science. In perspective, 80% of female respondents are going to get another specialty. More than 70% of respondents plan to work in out-patient conditions and predominantly in state sector of health care. For women, main goals of further professional training are improvement in main and adjoining specialties and career promotion. And in educational program, internal diseases are of greatest interest. The preferred forms of training are internships and e-learning. The main direction of improving educational process is increasing of scope of practical training. The comparative analysis of study results with data of previous publications was implemented. The factors influencing commitment to specialty are revealed. The proposals increasing attractiveness of general medical practice for graduates of medical universities and keeping in specialty after residency are formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Volnukhin
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia,
| | - T E Morozova
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - N I Zhernakova
- The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "The Kemerovo State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia, 650056, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - T E Pomytkina
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The Belgorod State National Research University" of Minobrnauka of Russia, 308015, Belgorod, Russia
| | - A A Stremoukhov
- The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education "The Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of Minzdrav of Russia, 125445, Moscow, Russia
| | - O O Sharkhun
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - N V Agranovich
- The Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "The Stavropol State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia, 355017, Stavropol, Russia
| | - E O Samokhina
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Zaugolnikova
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Reze
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu A Khoroshilova
- The Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University" of Minzdrav of Russia (Sechenov University), 119991, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Durotoye T, Yusufali R, Ajieroh V, Ezekannagha O. Building the Commitment of the Private Sector and Leveraging Effective Partnerships to Sustain Food Fortification. Food Nutr Bull 2023; 44:S61-S73. [PMID: 36221237 DOI: 10.1177/03795721221123699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The private sector is a critical partner in achieving the universally adopted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-UNDP 2022. As part of a national strategy to address malnutrition (SDG2), Large-Scale Food Fortification of commonly consumed staple foods and condiments with vitamins and minerals is a proven intervention that requires the concerted engagement of multiple actors in a country's agri-food and public health ecosystems. Lessons from TechnoServe's Strengthening African Processors of Fortified Foods (SAPFF) Program, implemented from 2016 to 2022 in Kenya, Nigeria, and Tanzania with support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, provide essential learnings about how to effectively engage, motivate, and improve the food fortification performance of the industry in compliance with national standards, through capacity building, responsive technical assistance, and multistakeholder engagement that builds trust and accountability of industry in the fight against malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobi Durotoye
- TechnoServe Inc Ringgold Standard Institution, Arlington, VA, USA
| | | | - Victor Ajieroh
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Ringgold Standard Institution, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Oluchi Ezekannagha
- CGIAR Ringgold Standard Institution, via di San Domenico, Rome, Lazio, Italy
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20
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Hamel JF, Scrima F, Massot L, Montalan B. Organizational Culture, Justice, Dehumanization and Affective Commitment in French Employees: A Serial Mediation Model. Eur J Psychol 2023; 19:285-298. [PMID: 37731756 PMCID: PMC10508197 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.8243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The instrumentality of employees can be considered a common feature of the modern workplace. To investigate the influence of this instrumentalizing culture on organizational performance on the individual level, we tested whether perceived clan values (according to the Competing Values Framework) could explain affective commitment directly and indirectly through perceptions of organizational justice and organizational dehumanization in employees. Using the PROCESS macro, we tested a corresponding serial mediation model in a convenience sample of 306 French employees. Although employees who perceived a lack of clan values were less committed, the observed indirect effect was greater. Our findings highlight the role of perceived organizational culture in influencing affective commitment and how perceived justice and dehumanization may explain part of this relationship. This research also contradicts widespread beliefs stating dehumanizing strategies are universally beneficial in terms of organizational efficiency. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Félix Hamel
- Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et les Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP, UR7475), University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | - Fabrizio Scrima
- Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et les Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP, UR7475), University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
| | | | - Benoît Montalan
- Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et les Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (CRFDP, UR7475), University of Rouen Normandy, Rouen, France
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21
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Zeng G. Joint attention and its linguistic representation in dialogue: embodiment revisited. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1202455. [PMID: 37564303 PMCID: PMC10411880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lakoff and Johnson, among many others, have discussed the role of the human body in structuring meaning in communication, aiming to reveal the interrelation between the human body, language, and cognition. This study revisits the concept of embodiment and investigates its interactive nature functioning in speakers constructing repeated structures in conversation, based on the hypothesis made in this work that the joint attention of interlocutors essentially indicates the interaction of their embodied experience of the language used in the situated context, where speakers not only share their propositional commitments but also make individual contributions to establishing common ground in dialogue. Viewed in this way, at the linguistic level, the implicitly and/or explicitly repeated language resources displayed between utterances are in fact the encoding of speakers' co-construction of joint attention and demonstrate the interplay of speakers' syntactic and pragmatic knowledge in producing utterances in the talk turns. This research hopefully sheds some light on studies concerning the relationship between language and cognition as well as how language is constructed in dialogue from the interactive view of the syntax-pragmatics interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocai Zeng
- College of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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22
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Li Q, Guo J, Chen Z, Ju X, Lan J, Fang X. Reciprocal associations between commitment, forgiveness, and different aspects of marital well-being among Chinese newlywed couples. Fam Process 2023:e12909. [PMID: 37382401 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the reciprocal prospective associations between commitment, forgiveness, and different aspects of marital well-being (marital satisfaction and marital instability) among Chinese newlywed couples and the gender differences in these associations. The Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation (VSA) model posits reciprocal associations between adaptive processes and relationship satisfaction. However, the directionality of the associations between adaptive processes and marital satisfaction may differ from the associations between adaptive processes and marital instability in Chinese societies due to the emphasis on relationship maintenance. Based on three annual waves of data from 268 Chinese newlywed couples (Mage = 29.59, SD = 3.25 for husbands; Mage = 28.08, SD = 2.51 for wives), a cross-lagged approach was used to examine the reciprocal associations between commitment, forgiveness, and marital satisfaction/instability. We found: (a) reciprocal associations between commitment/forgiveness and marital satisfaction (wives only); (b) reciprocal associations between forgiveness and marital instability (husbands only); and (c) wives' commitment at Wave 2 mediated the association between wives' commitment at Wave 1 and wives' marital satisfaction at Wave 3. Extending the VSA model, findings suggest different reciprocal associations between commitment, forgiveness, and different aspects of marital well-being among Chinese newlywed couples. Results highlight the important role of culture and gender in marital relationships and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Li
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxuan Guo
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyuan Chen
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ju
- School of Social Work, China Youth University for Political Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lan
- The Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Fang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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23
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Steimle JD, Kim C, Rowton M, Nadadur RD, Wang Z, Stocker M, Hoffmann AD, Hanson E, Kweon J, Sinha T, Choi K, Black BL, Cunningham JM, Moskowitz IP, Ikegami K. ETV2 primes hematoendothelial gene enhancers prior to hematoendothelial fate commitment. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112665. [PMID: 37330911 PMCID: PMC10592526 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying distinct specification, commitment, and differentiation phases of cell fate determination remain undefined due to difficulties capturing these processes. Here, we interrogate the activity of ETV2, a transcription factor necessary and sufficient for hematoendothelial differentiation, within isolated fate intermediates. We observe transcriptional upregulation of Etv2 and opening of ETV2-binding sites, indicating new ETV2 binding, in a common cardiac-hematoendothelial progenitor population. Accessible ETV2-binding sites are active at the Etv2 locus but not at other hematoendothelial regulator genes. Hematoendothelial commitment coincides with the activation of a small repertoire of previously accessible ETV2-binding sites at hematoendothelial regulators. Hematoendothelial differentiation accompanies activation of a large repertoire of new ETV2-binding sites and upregulation of hematopoietic and endothelial gene regulatory networks. This work distinguishes specification, commitment, and sublineage differentiation phases of ETV2-dependent transcription and suggests that the shift from ETV2 binding to ETV2-bound enhancer activation, not ETV2 binding to target enhancers, drives hematoendothelial fate commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Steimle
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chul Kim
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Megan Rowton
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rangarajan D Nadadur
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhezhen Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Matthew Stocker
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Andrew D Hoffmann
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Erika Hanson
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Junghun Kweon
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tanvi Sinha
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian L Black
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - John M Cunningham
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Kohta Ikegami
- Division of Molecular and Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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24
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Choi TR, Ahn J. Roles of Brand Benefits and Relationship Commitment in Consumers' Social Media Behavior around Sustainable Fashion. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13050386. [PMID: 37232623 DOI: 10.3390/bs13050386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As climate change continues, environmental sustainability has become a popular topic among brands and consumer groups. The fashion industry has detrimental impacts on the natural environment; however, little is known about how brand benefits can help sustainable fashion brands develop relationships with consumers and promote consumer behavior. This study focuses on Instagram to investigate how consumers' perceived brand benefits predict relationship commitment, electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), and purchase intention. Prior studies have overlooked the possible effects of various benefits. This study outlines five benefits of sustainable fashion brands: inner self-expression, social self-expression, warm glow, green, and economic benefits. Results from a survey of sustainable fashion brand followers on Instagram showed that eWOM positively related with economic benefits and negatively with warm glow and green benefits. Findings further indicated a mediating effect of relationship commitment between benefits and consumers' behavior. Lastly, the level of environmental attitude influenced the mediating impact of relationship commitment. The implications of these findings are discussed, and suggestions for future research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Rang Choi
- Department of Strategic Communication, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Jisoo Ahn
- Department of Communication and Media, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
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25
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Rad MS, Ansarinia M, Shafir E. Temporary Self-Deprivation Can Impair Cognitive Control: Evidence From the Ramadan Fast. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 2023; 49:415-428. [PMID: 35094597 DOI: 10.1177/01461672211070385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
During Ramadan, people of Muslim faith fast by not eating or drinking between sunrise and sunset. This is likely to have physiological and psychological consequences for fasters, and societal and economic impacts on the wider population. We investigate whether, during this voluntary and temporally limited fast, reminders of food can impair the fasters' reaction time and accuracy on a non-food-related test of cognitive control. Using a repeated measures design in a sample of Ramadan fasters (N = 190), we find that when food is made salient, fasters are slower and less accurate during Ramadan compared with after Ramadan. Control participants perform similarly across time. Furthermore, during Ramadan performances vary by how recently people had their last meal. Potential mechanisms are suggested, grounded in research on resource scarcity, commitment, and thought suppression, as well as the psychology of rituals and self-regulation, and implications for people who fast for religious or health reasons are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Salari Rad
- Kahneman -Treistamn Center for Behavioral Science and Public Policy, Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, NJ, USA.,Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York, USA
| | - Morteza Ansarinia
- University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eldar Shafir
- Kahneman -Treistamn Center for Behavioral Science and Public Policy, Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, NJ, USA
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López de la Lama R, Bennett N, Bulkan J, Boyd D, Chan KMA. A legal assessment of private land conservation in South America. Conserv Biol 2023:e14068. [PMID: 36786052 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Privately protected areas (PPAs) are a potentially innovative conservation tool. Legal recognition is necessary for their success, especially where there are institutional challenges to nature conservation, such as in South America. Although PPAs have increased in South America since the early 2000s, there is a critical information gap pertaining to their legal frameworks. We analyzed the level of landowner commitment to and governmental support for PPAs across countries in South America that officially recognize PPAs. We analyzed the legal framework governing PPAs and reviewed literature on them. This process was done in English and Spanish. The information we gathered was validated by 16 conservation experts from 10 South American countries. Because Peru is 1 of only 2 South American countries where local communities create and manage PPAs, we studied Peruvian PPAs in more detail by examining official creation documents and interviewing 13 local conservation professionals. We found inadequate minimum duration of PPAs and vague guidelines for conducting economic activities within them and a lack of governmental support (e.g., financial and technical support) for PPAs. Support was limited to the exemption from rural property taxes, which are relatively low compared with countries outside South America. In Peru, PPAs run by individuals and communities needed different legal frameworks because they were created with different objectives and had different sizes and duration of commitments. The prompt improvement of legal frameworks across South America is necessary for PPAs to achieve their aim of being places for enduring nature conservation in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío López de la Lama
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan Bennett
- School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- The Peopled Seas Initiative, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- People and the Ocean Specialist Group, Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland
- EqualSea Lab, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Janette Bulkan
- Forest Sciences Centre, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Boyd
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Public Policy and Global Affairs, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kai M A Chan
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Callado A, Teixeira G, Lucas P. Turnover Intention and Organizational Commitment of Primary Healthcare Nurses. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11. [PMID: 36833055 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Turnover intention is a predictor of the decision to leave an organization, which, if carried out, affects the quality of care provided. There is an association between turnover intention and organizational commitment. The more committed nurses are to the unit in which they work, the more committed they become to the unit's organizational goals; thus, they tend to continue working for the organization. Aiming to assess the turnover intention and the organizational commitment of nurses in primary healthcare, we conducted a quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The Intention of Turnover Scale and the Organizational Commitment Scale were applied in a sample of 297 nurses. Data were analyzed based on descriptive statistics. About 92.8% of the nurses intend to stay at their current workplace and only 7.3% plan to leave soon, suggesting low turnover intention; 84.5% of the nurses are willing to make an effort beyond what is normal to help their organization succeed, and 88.7% feel really interested in the destiny of the organization, which shows high organizational commitment. Pearson's Coefficient revealed the existence of a significant negative correlation between the factors "Intention to leave" and "Committed to the organization" (r = -0.51, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that, when nurses are more committed to their work and to the organization, they display less intention to leave, keeping the teams committed and motivated towards the organizational goals Our findings may guide nurse managers and policy-makers to develop strategies that retain nurses in organizations, keeping them motivated and engaged, and focusing on higher organizational commitment due to the influence it may have on the turnover intention.
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Hancock AJ, Gellatly IR, Walsh MM, Arnold KA, Connelly CE. Good, Bad, and Ugly Leadership Patterns: Implications for Followers' Work-Related and Context-Free Outcomes. J Manage 2023; 49:640-676. [PMID: 36484084 PMCID: PMC9720459 DOI: 10.1177/01492063211050391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This research responds to calls for a more integrative approach to leadership theory by identifying subpopulations of followers who share a common set of perceptions with respect to their leader's behaviors. Six commonly researched styles were investigated: abusive supervision, transformational leadership (TFL), contingent reward (CR), passive and active management-by-exception (MBE-P and MBE-A, respectively), and laissez faire/avoidant (LF/A). Study hypotheses were tested with data from four independent samples of working adults, three from followers (N = 855) and a validation sample of leaders (N = 505). Using latent profile analysis, three pattern cohorts emerged across all four samples. One subpopulation of followers exhibited a constructive pattern with higher scores on TFL and CR relative to other styles. Two cohorts exhibited destructive patterns, one where the passive styles of MBE-A, MBE-P and LF/A were high relative to the other styles (passive) and one where the passive styles co-occurred with abusive supervision (passive-abusive). Drawing on conservation of resources theory, we confirmed differential associations with work-related (i.e., burnout, vigor, perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment) and context-free (i.e., physical health and psychological well-being) outcomes. The passive-abusive pattern was devastating for physical health, yet passiveness without abuse was damaging for psychological well-being. Interestingly, we find a clear demarcation between passiveness as "benign neglect" and passiveness as an intentional and deliberate form of leadership aimed at disrupting or undermining followers-hence, the two faces of passiveness: "bad" and "ugly." We discuss the novel insights offered by a pattern (person)-oriented analytical strategy and the broader theoretical and practical implications for leadership research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Hancock
- Dr. Amanda J. Hancock, Grenfell Campus,
Business Program, Memorial University, Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador,
A2H 5G4, Canada.
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Touzet P. [Being a caregiver in psychiatry: beyond skills, commitment]. Soins Psychiatr 2023; 44:10-13. [PMID: 36871969 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The caregiver-patient relationship goes against the grain of the "diagnosis-action-result" model. To live this relational adventure, the caregiver must be motivated, committed and convinced of the validity of this approach: there must be "being a caregiver". At a time when former psychiatric caregivers have almost disappeared, in a context where psychiatry, like other disciplines, is being deserted by doctors and nurses, the question arises as to the legacy of care that allows for the encounter with the other. There is a risk of non- transmission of nursing know-how, jeopardizing the daily clinic and the very essence of the nursing posture in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Touzet
- Centre médico-psychologique, 66 rue de Coulmiers, 94130 Nogent-sur-Marne, France.
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McEllin L, Felber A, Michael J. The fruits of our labour: Interpersonal coordination generates commitment by signalling a willingness to adapt. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2023; 76:147-159. [PMID: 35084277 PMCID: PMC9773151 DOI: 10.1177/17470218221079830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Countless everyday activities require us to coordinate our actions and decisions with others. Coordination not only enables us to achieve instrumental goals, but has also been shown to boost commitment, leading people to persevere with an interaction even when their motivation wavers. So far, little is known about the mechanism by which coordination generates commitment. To investigate this, we conducted two experiments that represented very different coordination problems: coordination of movement timing on a joint drumming task (Experiment 1) and coordination of decision-making on a joint object matching task (Experiment 2). In both experiments, the similarity of the participant and partner was manipulated by varying whether or not they had perceptual access to the participant's workspace, and the participants' attribution of (un)willingness to invest effort into the joint action by adapting was manipulated by varying whether or not the participant believed their partner had perceptual access. As a measure of commitment, we registered how much participants' persisted on a boring and effortful task to earn points for their partners. Participants were significantly less committed to earning points for unadaptive partners than for adaptive partners, but only when they believed that their partner was unwilling to adapt rather than unable to adapt. This demonstrates that coordination can generate commitment insofar as it provides a cue that one's partner is willing to invest effort to adapt for the good of the interaction. Moreover, we demonstrate that this effect generalises across different kinds of coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke McEllin
- Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary,Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK,Luke McEllin, Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Oktober 6 utca 7, Budapest 1051, Hungary.
| | - Annalena Felber
- Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - John Michael
- Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
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31
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Tziner A, Vandenberghe C, Acosta-Prado JC. Editorial: Heavy-Work Investment: Divergent perspectives. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1115928. [PMID: 36910801 PMCID: PMC9997525 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1115928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aharon Tziner
- Behavioral Sciences and Business Administration School, Peres Academic Center, Rehovot, Israel
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32
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Desselle SP, Wasem V, Hosseini S, Hohmeier KC, Woodyard A, McKeirnan KC. Technicians' perception of pharmacist leadership behaviors on their own commitment and turnover intention. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2022; 79:2244-2252. [PMID: 36156065 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxac268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate technicians' perceptions of how they are supported and supervised by pharmacists through assessment of various components of pharmacists' leadership behaviors in developing the technician workforce. Additional objectives included evaluating levels of pharmacy technician uncertainty about their future, job commitment, and turnover intention in relation to perceived pharmacist leadership behaviors. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional design involving administration of an online questionnaire survey. The target population was technicians certified through the National Healthcareer Association. The questionnaire was disseminated to a random, nationwide sample of 3,000 technicians. It solicited responses to an adapted version of the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), a 29-item instrument for measuring the frequency of observed pharmacist supervisory behaviors, which are categorized as transactional, transformative, or both. The questionnaire also inquired as to respondents' levels of future uncertainty, profession commitment, organization commitment, and turnover intentions. RESULTS Responses were acquired from 882 certified pharmacy technicians, who reported their observance of pharmacy supervisory behaviors, as measured by the adapted MLQ, with moderate frequency. Higher technician-reported levels of transformative leadership behavior by pharmacists were associated with lower levels of future uncertainty, greater profession and organization commitment, and diminished turnover intentions. CONCLUSION Pharmacists' supervisory behaviors, namely transformative leadership behaviors, may be impactful to pharmacy technicians' attitudes and work-related outcomes. The pharmacy profession's leaders and educators might consider these results in educating current and future pharmacists so as to improve the workplace and, potentially, organizational and profession-wide outcomes in the delivery of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane P Desselle
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Valerie Wasem
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Sina Hosseini
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth C Hohmeier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Translational Science, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ashley Woodyard
- Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly C McKeirnan
- Pharmacotherapy Department, Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Spokane, WA, USA
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33
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Pfund GN, Hill PL. Correlated Change in Sense of Purpose and Romantic Relationship Quality. Pers Relatsh 2022; 29:875-893. [PMID: 36588976 PMCID: PMC9799130 DOI: 10.1111/pere.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sense of purpose, or feeling that that one has personally meaningful goals and directions guiding them through life, consistently predicts a variety of desirable well-being, health, and social outcomes. However, work has been limited with respect to evaluating it as a predictor and promoter of romantic relationships, or how purpose may develop in these contexts. For instance, healthy romantic relationships could also help individuals develop and maintain a higher sense of purpose. With cross-sectional evidence finding positive associations between sense of purpose and romantic relationship commitment and satisfaction, the current study expanded on past work by using longitudinal data with three months between two measurement occasions (Time 1: N = 2243; Time 2: N = 1284) to evaluate whether sense of purpose predicted relationship status over time and how changes in relationship quality and sense of purpose were associated. Results showed that greater sense of purpose predicted maintaining a romantic relationship, but did not predict later romantic relationship quality, while higher romantic relationship quality predicted an increase in sense of purpose. Findings are discussed regarding why people with a higher sense of purpose may be more likely to stay in relationships as well as the role that positive romantic relationships may play in helping maintain a higher sense of purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick L. Hill
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis
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34
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Castaldelli-Maia JM, Gonçalves PD, Lima DR, Moura HF, Apter G. Quality of service and commitment to tobacco dependence treatment for individuals living with mental disorders in France: A pilot study. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1623-1628. [PMID: 34465236 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211042914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are remarkably high smoking rates in patients living with mental disorders (PLWMD), and the absence of a specific treatment policy for smoking cessation for these patients worldwide. The present study aimed to (i) investigate the quality of service and commitment to tobacco dependence treatment, and (ii) produce high-quality French versions of the Index of Tobacco Treatment Quality (ITTQ) and Tobacco Treatment Commitment Scale (TTCS). METHODS ITTQ and TTCS were used to assess French mental health professionals (n = 80). Both scales were translated from their original language following standard procedures (i.e. forward translation). Descriptive analysis for total score, each factor and item were calculated for the entire sample, followed by subgroup analysis by gender, and role of the practitioner. RESULTS Nurses presented higher levels of both treatment commitment and treatment quality in their mental health care units, compared to psychiatrists, and residents. Overall, counseling offering was low and there was a perception that it is unfair to take tobacco away from PLWMD. In the other hand, there were high levels of smoking assessment and perceptions that nicotine dependence should be included in drug treatment programs. CONCLUSIONS There is a gap in tobacco treatment implementation for French PLWMD. The present pilot study alerts about the problem, and should stimulate larger studies validating such measures for wide use with French-speaking mental health professionals. French nurses presented higher levels of both treatment commitment and quality, and could be in a leadership position for such implementation. Encouraging the implementation of tobacco counseling within conventional mental health treatment is critical to improve cessation rates among this population. There is a potential for the sustainability of tobacco treatment interventions since the levels of commitment observed here were higher than in previous studies conducted abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- João M Castaldelli-Maia
- Clima Clinic, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, ABC Health University Center, Santo André, SP, Brazil.,Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos de Álcool e Drogas, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila D Gonçalves
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos de Álcool e Drogas, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle R Lima
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos de Álcool e Drogas, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena F Moura
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia (UnB), Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Gisèle Apter
- Department of Child and Perinatal Psychiatry, Le Havre Hospital, Le Havre, France.,Société de l'Information Psychiatrique, France.,Rouen Normandie Université, France
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35
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Kolesovs A. Sense of country: General and specific factors covary with social identification and predict emigration plans. Front Psychol 2022; 13:992028. [PMID: 36405218 PMCID: PMC9669600 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical analyses of person-environment interaction describe complex models, addressing different levels of social systems, while models of the sense of community provide a base for transferring views of this interaction to the national level. This paper presents two studies that explored the structure of the sense of country and its relation to emigration plans and social identification. Study 1 involved 1,005 adults from Latvia. The Sense of Country Inventory (SOCI) included influence, perceived opportunities, belonging, and spatiotemporal commitment as the components of this sense. The bifactor model demonstrated the best fit and confirmed the general factor, integrating components of the sense of country, and specific factors, emphasizing its complexity. The validation demonstrated that the general sense of country is the main negative predictor of emigration plans. Study 2 included 247 participants who completed the SOCI and Identification With All Humanity Scale (IWAH). Correlating with national identification, the sense of country negatively predicted emigration plans that reflected the social identity continuity pathway. In turn, a negative relationship between the sense of country and global identification, which positively predicted emigration plans, revealed a social identity gain pathway. Together, the studies present the integrative nature of the sense of country and its links to emigration plans and national and global social identification.
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36
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Jitaru M, Turliuc MN. The Moderator Role of Interpersonal Emotion Regulation on the Associations between Commitment, Intimacy, and Couple Satisfaction. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10506. [PMID: 36078222 PMCID: PMC9518042 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Couple satisfaction is seen as very important by all those in a romantic relationship; however, there are no recipes for it. Using a dyadic approach, we investigate how commitment and intimacy influence couple satisfaction and the moderator role of interpersonal emotion regulation (affect-improving and -worsening strategies). To achieve the scope of the study, we collected data from 131 couples, which were later analyzed using the actor-partner interdependence model with moderation (APIMoM). The results showed that the actor-effect of both commitment and intimacy on couple satisfaction is significant. We found mixed results for the partner-effect of the two variables. Both partners' strategies moderated the association between commitment and couple satisfaction. Women's use of affect-worsening strategies moderated the link between men's intimacy and women's couple satisfaction. The impact of the interactions of commitment or intimacy with interpersonal affect-improving and -worsening strategies on couple satisfaction is discussed further, as well as the implications and importance of the results.
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37
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Kortsch T, Rehwaldt R, Schwake ME, Licari C. Does Remote Work Make People Happy? Effects of Flexibilization of Work Location and Working Hours on Happiness at Work and Affective Commitment in the German Banking Sector. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19159117. [PMID: 35897480 PMCID: PMC9368397 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: In view of the advancing digitalization of the German banking sector, offering remote work can be an opportunity for banks to meet changing customer and employee needs at the same time. It allows flexible consultations at changing locations and, due to the high degree of autonomy, it also increases motivation, meaningfulness, happiness at work, and commitment. (2) Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design to investigate how remote work affects happiness at work and affective commitment among employees in a German public bank. Therefore, two groups of customer advisors were examined, who work either remotely (N = 32) or stationary (N = 110) at similar tasks. (3) Results: The group comparisons show significantly higher values overall on three of the investigated four happiness dimensions (“meaningfulness”, “self-actualization”, and “community professional”) for employees in the remote group. Commitment also differs, as employees in the remote group show significantly stronger commitment. The quantitative results were confirmed by qualitative interviews. (4) Conclusions: By investigating the positive effects of remote working, this study shows new findings on what is likely to be a growing design form of New Work in the future. The study provides evidence that self-selected work environments and working hours offer an opportunity to make work more conducive to happiness—even in a sector that still undergoes significant shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Kortsch
- Department of Health and Social Work, IU International University, 99084 Erfurt, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Ricarda Rehwaldt
- Department of Business and Management, IU International University, 99084 Erfurt, Germany;
| | - Manon E. Schwake
- Department of Education & Social Sciences, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany;
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Barnea R, Tur-Sinai A, Levtzion-Korach O, Weiss Y, Tal O. Patient preferences and choices as a reflection of trust-A cluster analysis comparing postsurgical perceptions in a private and a public hospital. Health Expect 2022; 25:2340-2354. [PMID: 35833265 PMCID: PMC9615048 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active participation of patients in managing their medical treatment is a major component of the patient empowerment process and may contribute to better clinical outcomes. Patient perceptions and preferences affect the patient–physician encounter in a variety of dimensions, such as patient autonomy, freedom of choice and trust in the healthcare system. The Israeli healthcare system is mostly publicly funded, with additional private healthcare services for surgery and other medical treatments. The aim of this study was to compare the perceptions and preferences of patients in the public and private hospitals in Israel. Methods A cross‐sectional study among 545 individuals who had surgical procedures at two hospitals in Israel (one public and one private). A structured questionnaire comprising 23 items was used to collect perceptions via personal telephone interviews. The responses were categorized into five clusters and compared by type of health services provider (public vs. private) and sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age and education level). Results A hierarchical cluster analysis methodology identified five conceptual groups: trust, concern towards medical errors, dialogue between medical staff and the patient/patient's family, confidentiality and staff bias towards more informed patients, or those with supportive families. Four main themes that highlight patients' preferences were found: physical conditions, personal empowerment and perceived autonomy, patient experience and patient–provider encounter communication. Significant differences between the private and the public healthcare systems were found in four clusters: trust and patient care, patient's concerns, the extent of explanation and medical staff's commitment. Differences secondary to sociodemographic parameters were noticed: patients treated at the private hospital scored significantly higher items of trust, medical staff caring and the importance of choosing their treating surgeon, while patients treated at the public hospital scored higher staff commitment to the patient than those treated at the private hospital. Conclusions The study revealed the perceptions underlying the decisions of patients to undergo surgical procedures in public or private hospitals. Mutual learning could pave the way to better patient–physician encounters. Patient or Public Contribution Patients from the two hospitals were involved in this study by responding to the questionnaire. The data presented is based on the patient's responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Royi Barnea
- Assuta Health Services Research Institute, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,School of Health Systems Management, Netanya Academic College, Netanya, Israel
| | - Aviad Tur-Sinai
- Department of Health Systems Management, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley, Israel.,School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Yossi Weiss
- Assuta Health Services Research Institute, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Orna Tal
- Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofeh), Zerifin, Israel.,Israeli Center for Emerging Technologies (ICET), Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Management, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Yamaguchi M, Nishi N, Yamaguchi Y, Kumagai H. IUNS Workshop on Capacity and Leadership Development in Nutritional Sciences Held Online. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:240-242. [PMID: 35768256 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Yamaguchi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Nobuo Nishi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | | | - Hitomi Kumagai
- College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University.,IUNS Committee of the Science Council of Japan
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Touzet P. [Working in psychiatry in the 21st century, chronicle of a "psychiatricide"]. Soins Psychiatr 2022; 43:10-15. [PMID: 36280306 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For several years, psychiatry has been confronted with an unprecedented crisis, not to say a persistent malaise. In this context, psychiatry, under the yoke of neuroscience, is focused on the symptom, thus reducing the psyche to the brain. This new situation is undermining the values of nursing care. In order to continue to deal with patients suffering from serious mental pathologies, the team is a precious, necessary and unavoidable resource. We must now also take into account advanced practice nurses, professionals who have recently become established in the healthcare landscape. If it is possible to work in psychiatry today, is it still possible to provide care, to be there for others?
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Touzet
- Centre médico-psychologique, 66 rue de Coulmiers, 94130 Nogent-sur-Marne, France.
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41
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Ma D. The Role of Motivation and Commitment in Teachers' Professional Identity. Front Psychol 2022; 13:910747. [PMID: 35756296 PMCID: PMC9231583 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.910747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Teachers’ professional identity is a feature of an educator that must be planned in an extended, steady, and continuing procedure and typically forms in any particular academic and social setting. As the education profession is largely stressful, it calls for consistent commitment and also motivation to help alleviate the difficulties. Indeed, the educators’ efficiency and effectiveness are mediated by these constructs to both school problems as well as the teaching work as a whole. Besides multiple factors affecting teachers’ professional identity, commitment and motivation have important functions that are addressed by this mini-review of literature. Briefly, several implications are proposed for the EFL instructional recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Ma
- School of Foreign Studies, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
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Abstract
Research has approved that teaching is a complex profession involving many cognitive, social, cultural, and psycho-emotional factors. To perform efficiently, teachers must be psycho-emotionally powerful and ready to cope with the existing challenges and complications of teaching a second/foreign language. This demands attempts to be made to psychologically empower the teachers to form positive outlooks about their profession and practices. Despite the criticality of psychological empowerment (PE), few studies in L2 contexts have dealt with it. Against this gap, the present article aimed to theoretically analyze the interaction among teachers' PE, optimism, and commitment. In so doing, the definitions, models, components, typologies, and empirical studies related to these constructs were presented. Finally, practical implications of this line of research for EFL/ESL teachers, teacher trainers, and researchers are provided to raise their awareness of psycho-emotional factors involved L2 education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Xiong
- School of Foreign Studies, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China
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Garrido-Macías M, Valor-Segura I, Expósito F. Women's Experience of Sexual Coercion and Reactions to Intimate Partner Sexual Violence. J Interpers Violence 2022; 37:NP8965-NP8988. [PMID: 33307951 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520980394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sexual coercion is one of the most subtle manifestations of gender-based violence and may profoundly affect victims' sexuality. This research analyzed the association of previous experiences of sexual coercion by an intimate partner (intimate partner sexual coercion [IPSC]) with women's reactions and responses to a scenario of sexual violence. Female college undergraduates (N = 207) completed a computer task in which they watched a video about a couple that ended in a woman having unwanted sex with her male partner. Participants answered several questions about tolerance (risk recognition, risk response, delays in behavioral response, and probability of leaving the relationship). They also responded about their level of commitment to their current partner, as well as their previous experience of sexual coercion. Results showed no differences between victims and nonvictims on the time they took to perceive the situation of sexual violence as threatening (risk recognition). However, victims of current sexual coercion took more time deciding to leave the abusive situation of the video (risk response), required a greater time lag between risk recognition and risk response, and they would be less likely to leave the relationship than victims of past sexual coercion and nonvictims. Finally, commitment predicted later risk recognition and risk response only for victims of past sexual coercion. Overall, the results suggested that previous sexual coercion by an intimate partner and being committed to the relationship may be risk factors associated with the increase of women's tolerance toward situations involving the risk of sexual victimization.
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Czyżowska N. Identity Processing Style and Meaning in Life among Emerging Adults: Mediational Role of Commitment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:6585. [PMID: 35682171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Building one’s own identity and finding meaning in life are important tasks for emerging adults. Although many agree that both are essential in terms of the well-being and proper functioning of an individual, there is little empirical data concerning the relationship between the way young people process information about themselves and the feeling that their life has a purpose and value. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore how identity processing styles (normative, diffuse-avoidant and informational) and two dimensions of meaning of life (presence and the search for meaning) are related. It was also assumed that identity commitment could play a mediating role between those variables. 183 emerging adults who participated in the study completed Identity Style Inventory (ISI-5) and Meaning in Life Questionnaire. The cross-sectional study design was used. Using Structural Equation Modeling revealed that commitment mediated the relationship between two of three identity styles (diffuse-avoidant and informational) and presence, but not search for or meaning in life. Normative identity style also negatively predicted the search for meaning in life. It seems that commitment might play an important role in meaning-making process, and as such, should be strengthened and encouraged when working with individuals at this stage in life.
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Todea S, Davidescu AA, Pop NA, Stamule T. Determinants of Student Loyalty in Higher Education: A Structural Equation Approach for the Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:5527. [PMID: 35564922 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In today’s world, the higher education system represents a means of developing the national and global economy by providing individual and collective benefits. Student loyalty is a critical measure in the success of higher education institutions that aim at retaining students until graduation and then attracting them back. As they fuel the knowledge economy, universities create a more educated labor market, providing employment and higher salaries. Having this major significance, it is vital to study the key determinants that persuade stakeholders to form long-term relationships with universities, revealing high loyalty. Aiming to stay competitive and survive the drastic, ongoing changes, successful universities thrive on building loyalty among all stakeholder groups, especially students. Despite the importance of the higher education institutions (HEIs), little research has been conducted on student loyalty. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are to empirically examine the key factors influencing student loyalty by testing two models, namely perceived quality, brand associations, satisfaction, trust, and commitment, and to test the relationships among them. To analyze the data, a confirmatory factor analysis was applied where it explored the associations between items and constructs and, then, utilized a structural equation model (SEM) to investigate the relationships existing between constructs with the application of the STATA program. A structured questionnaire comprising of 66 questions was developed, using a five Likert scale. A total of 682 students from the Bucharest University of Economic Studies filled in the questionnaire. In both cases, the findings reveal that commitment has the most significant direct impact on loyalty. The other factors have an indirect effect, satisfaction having the most significant total effect, followed by trust and commitment. Therefore, universities must focus on improving service quality to develop positive brand associations, student satisfaction, trust, and commitment in developing student loyalty.
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Chambel MJ, Carvalho VS. Commitment and Wellbeing: The Relationship Dilemma in a Two-Wave Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:816240. [PMID: 35465506 PMCID: PMC9029816 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.816240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been little consensus around the sequential relationship between organizational affective commitment and workers' wellbeing. In line with the Conservation of Resources Theory, results of this two-wave study with a contact center employee sample (N = 483) showed that organizational affective commitment decreases work ill-being (i.e., burnout) and increases work wellbeing (i.e., work-engagement). Furthermore, in keeping with the loss spiral assumption of this theory, the mediating role of burnout in the affective commitment-health relationship was supported in this study. However, in accordance with the Job Demand-Resources, work engagement was found not to prevent effects on health. The findings have implications for the organizational affective commitment theory, as well as for organizational occupational health policies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Chambel
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vânia Sofia Carvalho
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Elseddig MK, Arbab AH, Eltahir YAM, Yousef BA. Perception of Pharmacy Teachers About Their Roles and Current Practice at Governmental Universities in Sudan. Adv Med Educ Pract 2022; 13:309-317. [PMID: 35431591 PMCID: PMC9012310 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s355931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacy educator has a number of roles and responsibilities, an information provider, clinical trainer, role model on-the-job, formal teaching settings, course planner and resource material creator, student assessor, and curriculum evaluator. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the perception and commitment of pharmacy teachers in Sudanese governmental universities about their roles and educational responsibilities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at governmental pharmacy colleges in Sudan from November 2020 to July 2021. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE) Guide No. 20. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and Microsoft Excel version 16. RESULTS Out of 125 participants, 61.6% were female and 65.6% were lecturers. Approximately half of them had less than five years' experience. The most important role perceived and the highest committed one was a lecturer in the classroom setting. Only half of the participants had good perceptions and commitment regarding teachers' roles. Age, designation, and continuous professional development were significantly associated with participants' commitment. Also, a significant association was found between the perception and practice of the participants. CONCLUSION Only half of pharmacy educators were found to have a good perception and good commitment regarding their role as teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K Elseddig
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Ahmed H Arbab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yasir A M Eltahir
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kordofan University, Alobeid, Sudan
| | - Bashir A Yousef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Kumar SA, Brock RL, DiLillo D. Partner Support and Connection Protect Couples During Pregnancy: A Daily Diary Investigation. J Marriage Fam 2022; 84:494-514. [PMID: 35585869 PMCID: PMC9109830 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study was to examine associations between daily subjective stress and relationship satisfaction as a function of two protective factors-partner support and connection (i.e., intimacy, passion, and commitment)-among couples during pregnancy. BACKGROUND Stress brought into the intimate relationship by each partner is often associated with relational dissatisfaction and discord, referred to as stress spillover. Although much research has focused on risk for poor relational outcomes associated with partner stress, it is equally important to focus on resilience. METHOD We examined this phenomenon among 154 couples navigating pregnancy. Couples attended an initial laboratory session and then completed daily diary measures from home across 14 days. RESULTS Multilevel modeling techniques revealed that higher daily subjective stress than usual was negatively associated with relationship satisfaction that day for fathers and mothers, and partner support and connection attenuated this link to a significant degree. As these protective factors increased, the strength of the negative association between daily stress and relationship satisfaction decreased for both parents. Exploratory analyses showed no significant within-person associations between daily stress and next-day relationship satisfaction at any level of support or connection. CONCLUSION These findings add innovative components to the investigation of the spillover process, including the examination of this process among couples during pregnancy, utilization of daily diary methods to study this phenomenon on a micro-level over time, and identification of protective factors mitigating daily stress spillover.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David DiLillo
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
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Hauff S, Krick A, Klebe L, Felfe J. High-Performance Work Practices and Employee Wellbeing-Does Health-Oriented Leadership Make a Difference? Front Psychol 2022; 13:833028. [PMID: 35310243 PMCID: PMC8927663 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.833028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper sheds further light on the contextual boundaries in the relationship between high-performance work practices (HPWPs) and employee wellbeing. In particular, we analyze whether this relationship is moderated by health-oriented leadership behavior (i.e., staff care) which describes the extent to which leaders value, are aware of, and protect their followers' health at work. Our analyses are based on employee data (N = 1,345) from Germany, covering two points in time. Findings show positive associations between HPWPs and happiness-related (i.e., engagement, commitment) and health-related (i.e., general health, physical health complaints, mental health complaints, strain) wellbeing outcomes. The positive relationship between HPWPs and employee wellbeing is weaker the more employees experience leadership behavior in terms of staff care. Thus, our results provide further evidence for a substitutive or compensatory effect between HRM and leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Hauff
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut Schmidt University, Hamburg, Germany
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Abstract
Both conventional wisdom and empirical evidence suggest that arranging a prior commitment or agreement before an interaction takes place enhances the chance of reaching mutual cooperation. Yet it is not clear what mechanisms might underlie the participation in and compliance with such a commitment, especially when participation is costly and non-compliance can be profitable. Here, we develop a theory of participation and compliance with respect to an explicit commitment formation process and to institutional incentives where individuals, at first, decide whether or not to join a cooperative agreement to play a one-shot social dilemma game. Using a mathematical model, we determine whether and when participating in a costly commitment, and complying with it, is an evolutionarily stable strategy, resulting in high levels of cooperation. We show that, given a sufficient budget for providing incentives, rewarding of commitment compliant behaviours better promotes cooperation than punishment of non-compliant ones. Moreover, by sparing part of this budget for rewarding those willing to participate in a commitment, the overall level of cooperation can be significantly enhanced for both reward and punishment. Finally, the presence of mistakes in deciding to participate favours evolutionary stability of commitment compliance and cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Anh Han
- School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK
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