1
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Kim H, Jo G, Chang JH. Ultrasound-assisted photothermal therapy and real-time treatment monitoring. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:4472-4480. [PMID: 30615724 PMCID: PMC6157783 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.004472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has the capability for selective treatment, in which light delivered to the target is converted into heat and subsequently causes coagulative necrosis. However, optical scattering in biological media limits light penetration, thus reducing therapeutic efficacy. Here, we demonstrate that the temperatures generated by light and ultrasound energies can be added constructively in resected melanoma cancers, which causes an increase in treatment depth. This method is called dual thermal therapy (DTT). It is also shown that combined ultrasound and photoacoustic images acquired using the pulse sequence proposed in this paper can be used for real-time monitoring of DTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Gyuwon Jo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
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2
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Hallam KA, Donnelly EM, Karpiouk AB, Hartman RK, Emelianov SY. Laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets: a new tool for blood brain barrier opening. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:4527-4538. [PMID: 30615730 PMCID: PMC6157760 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.004527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A major obstacle in the monitoring and treatment of neurological diseases is the blood brain barrier (BBB), a semipermeable barrier that prevents the delivery of many therapeutics and imaging contrast agents to the brain. In this work, we explored the possibility of laser-activated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (PFCnDs) to open the BBB and deliver agents to the brain tissue. Specifically, near infrared (NIR) dye-loaded PFCnDs comprised of a perfluorocarbon (PFC) core with a boiling point above physiological temperature were repeatedly vaporized and recondensed from liquid droplet to gas bubble under pulsed laser excitation. As a result, this pulse-to-pulse repeated behavior enabled the recurring interaction of PFCnDs with the endothelial lining of the BBB, allowing for a BBB opening and extravasation of dye into the brain tissue. The blood brain barrier opening and delivery of agents to tissue was confirmed on the macro and the molecular level by evaluating Evans Blue staining, ultrasound-guided photoacoustic (USPA) imaging, and histological tissue analysis. The demonstrated PFCnD-assisted pulsed laser method for BBB opening, therefore, represents a tool that has the potential to enable non-invasive, cost-effective, and efficient image-guided delivery of contrast and therapeutic agents to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina A. Hallam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eleanor M. Donnelly
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrei B. Karpiouk
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robin K. Hartman
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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3
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Zhu Y, Johnson LA, Huang Z, Rubin JM, Yuan J, Lei H, Ni J, Wang X, Higgins PDR, Xu G. Identifying intestinal fibrosis and inflammation by spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging: an animal study in vivo. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:1590-1600. [PMID: 29675304 PMCID: PMC5905908 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by obstructing intestinal strictures. Conventional imaging modalities can identify the strictures but cannot characterize whether a stricture is predominantly inflammatory or fibrotic. The purpose of this study is to examine the capability of photoacoustic (PA) imaging to characterize intestinal fibrosis and inflammation in vivo. Intestinal strictures in a rat model of CD were imaged with a PA-ultrasound parallel imaging system. Internal and external illuminations were attempted, both with transcutaneous PA signal reception. The PA signal magnitudes acquired at wavelengths targeting individual molecular components and the derived functional information showed significant differences between the inflammatory and fibrotic strictures, consistent with histological inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Zhu
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 21000, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Laura A. Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Rubin
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 21000, China
| | - Hao Lei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter D. R. Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Guan Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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4
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Jayet B, Morgan SP, Dehghani H. Incorporation of an ultrasound and model guided permissible region improves quantitative source recovery in bioluminescence tomography. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9. [PMID: 29541527 PMCID: PMC5846537 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging has shown great potential for studying and monitoring disease progression in small animal pre-clinical imaging. However, absolute bioluminescence source recovery through tomographic multi-wavelength measurements is often hindered through the lack of quantitative accuracy and suffers from both poor localisation and quantitative recovery. In this work a method to incorporate a permissible region strategy through not only a priori location (permissible region) but also based on a model of light propagation and hence light sensitivity is developed and tested using both simulations and experimental data. Reconstructions on two different numerical models (a simple slab, and the digital version of a heterogeneous mouse) show an improvement of localisation and recovery of intensity (around 25% for the slab model and around 10% for the digital mouse model). This strategy is also used with experimental data from a phantom gel, which demonstrated an improved recovered tomographic image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Jayet
- Optics and Photonics Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD,
UK
| | - Stephen P. Morgan
- Optics and Photonics Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD,
UK
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT,
UK
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5
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Maneas E, Xia W, Ogunlade O, Fonseca M, Nikitichev DI, David AL, West SJ, Ourselin S, Hebden JC, Vercauteren T, Desjardins AE. Gel wax-based tissue-mimicking phantoms for multispectral photoacoustic imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9. [PMID: 29541509 PMCID: PMC5846519 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.001151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-mimicking phantoms are widely used for the calibration, evaluation and standardisation of medical imaging systems, and for clinical training. For photoacoustic imaging, tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) that have tuneable optical and acoustic properties, high stability, and mechanical robustness are highly desired. In this study, gel wax is introduced as a TMM that satisfies these criteria for developing photoacoustic imaging phantoms. The reduced scattering and optical absorption coefficients were independently tuned with the addition of TiO2 and oil-based inks. The frequency-dependent acoustic attenuation obeyed a power law; for native gel wax, it varied from 0.71 dB/cm at 3 MHz to 9.93 dB/cm at 12 MHz. The chosen oil-based inks, which have different optical absorption spectra in the range of 400 to 900 nm, were found to have good photostability under pulsed illumination with photoacoustic excitation light. Optically heterogeneous phantoms that comprised of inclusions with different concentrations of carbon black and coloured inks were fabricated, and multispectral photoacoustic imaging was performed with an optical parametric oscillator and a planar Fabry-Pérot sensor. We conclude that gel wax is well suited as a TMM for multispectral photoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymios Maneas
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Wenfeng Xia
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Olumide Ogunlade
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Martina Fonseca
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Daniil I. Nikitichev
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Anna L. David
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX,
UK
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven (Katholieke Universiteit),
Belgium
| | - Simeon J. West
- Department of Anaesthesia, University College Hospital, Main Theatres, Maple Bridge Link Corridor, Podium 3, 235 Euston Road, London NW1 2BU,
UK
| | - Sebastien Ourselin
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Jeremy C. Hebden
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Tom Vercauteren
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
- Translational Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Adrien E. Desjardins
- Wellcome / EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ,
UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
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6
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Singh MKA, Jaeger M, Frenz M, Steenbergen W. Photoacoustic reflection artifact reduction using photoacoustic-guided focused ultrasound: comparison between plane-wave and element-by-element synthetic backpropagation approach. Biomed Opt Express 2017; 8:2245-2260. [PMID: 28736669 PMCID: PMC5516831 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Reflection artifacts caused by acoustic inhomogeneities constitute a major problem in epi-mode biomedical photoacoustic imaging. Photoacoustic transients from the skin and superficial optical absorbers traverse into the tissue and reflect off echogenic structures to generate reflection artifacts. These artifacts cause difficulties in the interpretation of images and reduce contrast and imaging depth. We recently developed a method called PAFUSion (photoacoustic-guided focused ultrasound) to circumvent the problem of reflection artifacts in photoacoustic imaging. We already demonstrated that the photoacoustic signals can be backpropagated using synthetic aperture pulse-echo data for identifying and reducing reflection artifacts in vivo. In this work, we propose an alternative variant of PAFUSion in which synthetic backpropagation of photoacoustic signals is based on multi-angled plane-wave ultrasound measurements. We implemented plane-wave and synthetic aperture PAFUSion in a handheld ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging system and demonstrate reduction of reflection artifacts in phantoms and in vivo measurements on a human finger using both approaches. Our results suggest that, while both approaches are equivalent in terms of artifact reduction efficiency, plane-wave PAFUSion requires less pulse echo acquisitions when the skin absorption is the main cause of reflection artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Jaeger
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Frenz
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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7
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Daoudi K, Hoogenboom M, den Brok M, Eikelenboom D, Adema GJ, Fütterer JJ, de Korte CL. In vivo photoacoustics and high frequency ultrasound imaging of mechanical high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation. Biomed Opt Express 2017; 8:2235-2244. [PMID: 28736668 PMCID: PMC5516825 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.002235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The thermal effect of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been clinically exploited over a decade, while the mechanical HIFU is still largely confined to laboratory investigations. This is in part due to the lack of adequate imaging techniques to better understand the in-vivo pathological and immunological effects caused by the mechanical treatment. In this work, we explore the use of high frequency ultrasound (US) and photoacoustics (PA) as a potential tool to evaluate the effect of mechanical ablation in-vivo, e.g. boiling histotripsy. Two mice bearing a neuroblastoma tumor in the right leg were ablated using an MRI-HIFU system conceived for small animals and monitored using MRI thermometry. High frequency US and PA imaging were performed before and after the HIFU treatment. Afterwards, the tumor was resected for further assessment and evaluation of the ablated region using histopathology. High frequency US imaging revealed the presence of liquefied regions in the treated area together with fragmentized tissue which appeared with different reflecting proprieties compared to the surrounding tissue. Photoacoustic imaging on the other hand revealed the presence of deoxygenated blood within the tumor after the ablation due to the destruction of blood vessel network while color Doppler imaging confirmed the blood vessel network destruction within the tumor. The treated area and the presence of red blood cells detected by photoacoustics were further confirmed by the histopathology. This feasibility study demonstrates the potential of high frequency US and PA approach for assessing in-vivo the effect of mechanical HIFU tumor ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Daoudi
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical UltraSound Imaging Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Hoogenboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Martijn den Brok
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Dylan Eikelenboom
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Gosse J. Adema
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen J. Fütterer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
| | - Chris L. de Korte
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical UltraSound Imaging Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Netherlands
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8
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Bayer CL, Wlodarczyk BJ, Finnell RH, Emelianov SY. Ultrasound-guided spectral photoacoustic imaging of hemoglobin oxygenation during development. Biomed Opt Express 2017; 8:757-763. [PMID: 28270982 PMCID: PMC5330552 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Few technologies are capable of imaging in vivo function during development. In this study, we have implemented spectral photoacoustic imaging to estimate tissue oxygenation longitudinally in pregnant mice. We used the spectral photoacoustic signal to estimate hemoglobin oxygen saturation within intact, in vivo mouse concepti from developmental day (E) 8.5 to E16.5-a first step towards functional imaging of the maternal-fetal environment. Future work will apply these methods to compare longitudinal functional changes during normal vs abnormal development of embryos, fetuses, and placentas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn L. Bayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Currently with the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, 500 Lindy Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Bogdan J. Wlodarczyk
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, USA
| | - Richard H. Finnell
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX 78723, USA
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Currently with the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 777 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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9
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van den Berg PJ, Bansal R, Daoudi K, Steenbergen W, Prakash J. Preclinical detection of liver fibrosis using dual-modality photoacoustic/ultrasound system. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:5081-5091. [PMID: 28018726 PMCID: PMC5175553 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.005081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a major cause for increasing mortality worldwide. Preclinical research using animal models is required for the discovery of new anti-fibrotic therapies, but currently relies on endpoint liver histology. In this study, we investigated a cost-effective and portable photoacoustic/ultrasound (PA/US) imaging system as a potential non-invasive alternative. Fibrosis was induced in mice using CCl4 followed by liver imaging and histological analysis. Imaging showed significantly increased PA features with higher frequency signals in fibrotic livers versus healthy livers. This corresponds to more heterogeneous liver structure resulting from collagen deposition and angiogenesis. Importantly, PA response and its frequency were highly correlated with histological parameters. These results demonstrate the preclinical feasibility of the PA imaging approach and applicability of dual PA/US system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim J van den Berg
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to the work;
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Targeted Therapeutics, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to the work;
| | - Khalid Daoudi
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Jai Prakash
- Targeted Therapeutics, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands; These authors contributed equally to the work
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10
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Castelino RF, Hynes M, Munding CE, Telenkov S, Foster FS. Combined frequency domain photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging for intravascular applications. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:4441-4449. [PMID: 27895986 PMCID: PMC5119586 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Intravascular photoacoustic (IVPA) imaging has the potential to characterize lipid-rich structures based on the optical absorption contrast of tissues. In this study, we explore frequency domain photoacoustics (FDPA) for intravascular applications. The system employed an intensity-modulated continuous wave (CW) laser diode, delivering 1W over an intensity modulated chirp frequency of 4-12MHz. We demonstrated the feasibility of this approach on an agar vessel phantom with graphite and lipid targets, imaged using a planar acoustic transducer co-aligned with an optical fibre, allowing for the co-registration of IVUS and FDPA images. A frequency domain correlation method was used for signal processing and image reconstruction. The graphite and lipid targets show an increase in FDPA signal as compared to the background of 21dB and 16dB, respectively. Use of compact CW laser diodes may provide a valuable alternative for the development of photoacoustic intravascular devices instead of pulsed laser systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin F. Castelino
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Michael Hynes
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Chelsea E. Munding
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sergey Telenkov
- PHAST Imaging, 1B Richview Road, Toronto, ON M9A 4M6, Canada
| | - F. Stuart Foster
- Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
- Imaging Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
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11
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Preisser S, Rohringer W, Liu M, Kollmann C, Zotter S, Fischer B, Drexler W. All-optical highly sensitive akinetic sensor for ultrasound detection and photoacoustic imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:4171-4186. [PMID: 27867723 PMCID: PMC5102516 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.004171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel all-optical akinetic ultrasound sensor, consisting of a rigid, fiber-coupled Fabry-Pérot etalon with a transparent central opening is presented. The sensing principle relies exclusively on the detection of pressure-induced changes of the refractive index in the fluid filling the Fabry-Pérot cavity. This enables resonance-free, inherently linear signal detection over a broad bandwidth. We demonstrate that the sensor achieves a exceptionally low peak noise equivalent pressure (NEP) values of 2 Pa over a 20 MHz measurement bandwidth (without signal averaging), while maintaining a flat frequency response, and a detection bandwidth up to 22.5 MHz (-6 dB). The measured large full field of view of the sensor is 2.7 mm × 1.3 mm and the dynamic range is [Formula: see text] or 63 dB at 20 MHz bandwidth. For different required amplitude ranges the upper amplitude detection limit can be customized from at least 2 kPa to 2 MPa by using cavity mirrors with a lower optical reflectivity. Imaging tests on a resolution target and on biological tissue show the excellent suitability of the akinetic sensor for optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Preisser
- XARION Laser Acoustics GmbH, Ghegastraße 3, 1030, Vienna,
Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Wolfgang Rohringer
- XARION Laser Acoustics GmbH, Ghegastraße 3, 1030, Vienna,
Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Christian Kollmann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090, Vienna,
Austria
| | - Stefan Zotter
- XARION Laser Acoustics GmbH, Ghegastraße 3, 1030, Vienna,
Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090, Vienna,
Austria
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12
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Alles EJ, Noimark S, Zhang E, Beard PC, Desjardins AE. Pencil beam all-optical ultrasound imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:3696-3704. [PMID: 27699130 PMCID: PMC5030042 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A miniature, directional fibre-optic acoustic source is presented that employs geometrical focussing to generate a nearly-collimated acoustic pencil beam. When paired with a fibre-optic acoustic detector, an all-optical ultrasound probe with an outer diameter of 2.5 mm is obtained that acquires a pulse-echo image line at each probe position without the need for image reconstruction. B-mode images can be acquired by translating the probe and concatenating the image lines, and artefacts resulting from probe positioning uncertainty are shown to be significantly lower than those observed for conventional synthetic aperture scanning of a non-directional acoustic source. The high image quality obtained for excised vascular tissue suggests that the all-optical ultrasound probe is ideally suited for in vivo, interventional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin J. Alles
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sacha Noimark
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Materials Chemistry Research Centre, UCL Department of Chemistry, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Edward Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Paul C. Beard
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Adrien E. Desjardins
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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13
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Singh MKA, Jaeger M, Frenz M, Steenbergen W. In vivo demonstration of reflection artifact reduction in photoacoustic imaging using synthetic aperture photoacoustic-guided focused ultrasound (PAFUSion). Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:2955-72. [PMID: 27570690 PMCID: PMC4986806 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Reflection artifacts caused by acoustic inhomogeneities are a critical problem in epi-mode biomedical photoacoustic imaging. High light fluence beneath the probe results in photoacoustic transients, which propagate into the tissue and reflect back from echogenic structures. These reflection artifacts cause problems in image interpretation and significantly impact the contrast and imaging depth. We recently proposed a method called PAFUSion (Photoacoustic-guided focused ultrasound) to identify such reflection artifacts in photoacoustic imaging. In its initial version, PAFUSion mimics the inward-travelling wavefield from small blood vessel-like PA sources by applying ultrasound pulses focused towards these sources, and thus provides a way to identify the resulting reflection artifacts. In this work, we demonstrate reduction of reflection artifacts in phantoms and in vivo measurements on human volunteers. In view of the spatially distributed PA sources that are found in clinical applications, we implemented an improved version of PAFUSion where photoacoustic signals are backpropagated to imitate the inward travelling wavefield and thus the reflection artifacts. The backpropagation is performed in a synthetic way based on the pulse-echo acquisitions after transmission on each single element of the transducer array. The results provide a direct confirmation that reflection artifacts are prominent in clinical epi-photoacoustic imaging, and that PAFUSion can strongly reduce these artifacts to improve deep-tissue photoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Jaeger
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Frenz
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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14
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Brunker J, Beard P. Velocity measurements in whole blood using acoustic resolution photoacoustic Doppler. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:2789-806. [PMID: 27446707 PMCID: PMC4948631 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic resolution photoacoustic Doppler velocimetry promises to overcome the spatial resolution and depth penetration limitations of current blood flow measuring methods. Despite successful implementation using blood-mimicking fluids, measurements in blood have proved challenging, thus preventing in vivo application. A common explanation for this difficulty is that whole blood is insufficiently heterogeneous relative to detector frequencies of tens of MHz compatible with deep tissue photoacoustic measurements. Through rigorous experimental measurements we provide new insight that refutes this assertion. We show for the first time that, by careful choice of the detector frequency and field-of-view, and by employing novel signal processing methods, it is possible to make velocity measurements in whole blood using transducers with frequencies in the tens of MHz range. These findings have important implications for the prospects of making deep tissue measurements of blood flow relevant to the study of microcirculatory abnormalities associated with cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Brunker
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Paul Beard
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK;
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15
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Lei H, Johnson LA, Liu S, Moons DS, Ma T, Zhou Q, Rice MD, Ni J, Wang X, Higgins PDR, Xu G. Characterizing intestinal inflammation and fibrosis in Crohn's disease by photoacoustic imaging: feasibility study. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:2837-48. [PMID: 27446710 PMCID: PMC4948634 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The pathology of Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by obstructing intestinal strictures because of inflammation (with high levels of hemoglobin), fibrosis (high levels of collagen), or a combination of both. The accurate characterization of the strictures is critical for the management of CD. This study examines the feasibility of characterizing intestinal strictures by Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) without extrapolation from superficial biopsies. Ex vivo normal rat colon tissue, inflammatory and fibrotic intestinal strictures in rat trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) model were first differentiated by a PA-US parallel imaging system. Surgically removed human intestinal stricture specimens were afterwards imaged by a multiwavelength acoustic resolution PA microscope (ARPAM). The experiment results suggest that PAI is a potential tool for the diagnosis of the diseased conditions in intestinal strictures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Laura A. Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shengchun Liu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David S. Moons
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NIH Ultrasonic Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Qifa Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NIH Ultrasonic Transducer Resource Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Michael D. Rice
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter D. R. Higgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Guan Xu
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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16
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Zhang M, Kim HS, Jin T, Yi A, Moon WK. Ultrasound-guided photoacoustic imaging for the selective detection of EGFR-expressing breast cancer and lymph node metastases. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:1920-31. [PMID: 27231631 PMCID: PMC4871091 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the use of ultrasound (US)-guided photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and anti-EGFR antibody-conjugated gold nanorods (anti-EGFR-GNs) to non-invasively detect EGFR-expressing primary tumor masses and regional lymph node (LN) metastases in breast tumor mice generated by injecting MCF-7 (EGFR-negative) or MDA-MB-231 (EGFR-positive) human breast cells using a preclinical Vevo 2100 LAZR Imaging system. Anti-EGFR-GNs provided a significant enhancement in the PA signal in MDA-MB-231 tumor and the axillary LN metastases relative to MCF-7 tumor and non-LN metastases. We demonstrated that US-guided PAI using anti-EGFR-GNs is highly sensitive for the selective visualization of EGFR-expressing breast primary tumors as well as LN micrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Zhang
- Department of Science and Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Contributed equally
| | - Hoe Suk Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Contributed equally
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Ann Yi
- Seoul National University Hospital HealthCare System Gangnam Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, South Korea;
| | - Woo Kyung Moon
- Department of Science and Radiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea;
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17
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Schwab HM, Beckmann MF, Schmitz G. Photoacoustic clutter reduction by inversion of a linear scatter model using plane wave ultrasound measurements. Biomed Opt Express 2016; 7:1468-78. [PMID: 27446669 PMCID: PMC4929655 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic imaging aims to visualize light absorption properties of biological tissue by receiving a sound wave that is generated inside the observed object as a result of the photoacoustic effect. In clinical applications, the strong light absorption in human skin is a major problem. When high amplitude photoacoustic waves that originate from skin absorption propagate into the tissue, they are reflected back by acoustical scatterers and the reflections contribute to the received signal. The artifacts associated with these reflected waves are referred to as clutter or skin echo and limit the applicability of photoacoustic imaging for medical applications severely. This study seeks to exploit the acoustic tissue information gained by plane wave ultrasound measurements with a linear array in order to correct for reflections in the photoacoustic image. By deriving a theory for clutter waves in k-space and a matching inversion approach, photoacoustic measurements compensated for clutter are shown to be recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georg Schmitz
- Medical Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, 44780,
Germany
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18
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Tsalach A, Schiffer Z, Ratner E, Breskin I, Zeitak R, Shechter R, Balberg M. Depth selective acousto-optic flow measurement. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:4871-86. [PMID: 26713201 PMCID: PMC4679261 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.004871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical based methods for non-invasive measurement of regional blood flow tend to incorrectly assess cerebral blood flow, due to contribution of extra-cerebral tissues to the obtained signal. We demonstrate that spectral analysis of phase-coded light signals, tagged by specific ultrasound patterns, enables differentiation of flow patterns at different depths. Validation of the model is conducted by Monte Carlo simulation. In-vitro experiments demonstrate good agreement with the simulations' results and provide a solid validation to depth discrimination ability. These results suggest that signal contamination originating from extra-cerebral tissue may be eliminated using spectral analysis of ultrasonically tagged light.
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19
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Rich LJ, Seshadri M. Photoacoustic imaging of salivary glands. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:3157-3162. [PMID: 26417488 PMCID: PMC4574644 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.003157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we utilized photoacoustic imaging (PAI) with co-registered ultrasound (US) to non-invasively assess salivary gland function in vivo. A significant increase in salivary gland oxygen saturation was observed on PAI within minutes after gustatory stimulation of healthy mice reflective of the hyperemic response associated with secretion of saliva. Good correlation was seen between PAI and Doppler sonography. Salivary adenoid cystic carcinomas showed higher oxygen saturation compared to surrounding salivary gland tissue. Our results demonstrate the potential clinical utility of PAI for visualization of salivary gland physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie J. Rich
- Laboratory for Translational Imaging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Mukund Seshadri
- Laboratory for Translational Imaging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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20
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Tian C, Xie Z, Fabiilli ML, Liu S, Wang C, Cheng Q, Wang X. Dual-pulse nonlinear photoacoustic technique: a practical investigation. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:2923-33. [PMID: 26309756 PMCID: PMC4541520 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.002923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The dual-pulse nonlinear photoacoustic technique is a recently developed technology based on temperature dependence of the Grüneisen parameter and involves consecutive excitations of biological tissue using two laser pulses with a short time delay. Here we review the principle of the technique and give a discussion about its technical aspects, including selection and combination of excitation laser wavelengths, determination of laser fluence, estimation of thermal relaxation function and probability of photoablation or cavitation. Comparisons between the dual-pulse technique and conventional photoacoustics as well as thermal photoacoustics are also presented. These investigations are supported by experimental results and will give a practical reference and guide for further developments of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tian
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhixing Xie
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mario L. Fabiilli
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shengchun Liu
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xueding Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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21
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Colchester RJ, Zhang EZ, Mosse CA, Beard PC, Papakonstantinou I, Desjardins AE. Broadband miniature optical ultrasound probe for high resolution vascular tissue imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:1502-11. [PMID: 25909031 PMCID: PMC4399686 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An all-optical ultrasound probe for vascular tissue imaging was developed. Ultrasound was generated by pulsed laser illumination of a functionalized carbon nanotube composite coating on the end face of an optical fiber. Ultrasound was detected with a Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity on the end face of an adjacent optical fiber. The probe diameter was < 0.84 mm and had an ultrasound bandwidth of ~20 MHz. The probe was translated across the tissue sample to create a virtual linear array of ultrasound transmit/receive elements. At a depth of 3.5 mm, the axial resolution was 64 µm and the lateral resolution was 88 µm, as measured with a carbon fiber target. Vascular tissues from swine were imaged ex vivo and good correspondence to histology was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Colchester
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Edward Z. Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Charles A. Mosse
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Paul C. Beard
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Ioannis Papakonstantinou
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Adrien E. Desjardins
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT,
UK
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22
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Dovlo E, Lashkari B, Mandelis A, Shi W, Liu FF. Photoacoustic radar phase-filtered spatial resolution and co-registered ultrasound image enhancement for tumor detection. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:1003-1009. [PMID: 25798321 PMCID: PMC4361416 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Co-registered ultrasound (US) and frequency-domain photoacoustic radar (FD-PAR) imaging is reported for the first time in this paper. The merits of ultrasound and cross-correlation (radar) frequency-domain photoacoustic imaging are leveraged for accurate tumor detection. Commercial US imagers possess sophisticated, optimized software for rapid image acquisition that could dramatically speed-up PA imaging. The PAR image generated from the amplitude of the cross-correlation between detected and input signals was filtered by the standard deviation (SD) of the phase of the correlation signal, resulting in strong improvement of image spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast. Application of phase-mediated image improvement is illustrated by imaging a cancer cell-injected mouse. A 14-15 dB SNR gain was recorded for the phase-filtered image compared to the amplitude and phase independently, while ~340 μm spatial resolution was seen for the phase PAR image compared to ~840 μm for the amplitude image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edem Dovlo
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8,
Canada
| | - Bahman Lashkari
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8,
Canada
| | - Andreas Mandelis
- Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8,
Canada
| | - Wei Shi
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 2M9,
Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, 610 University Ave., Toronto, ON M5G 2M9,
Canada
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23
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Hwang JY, Kang BJ, Lee C, Kim HH, Park J, Zhou Q, Shung KK. Non-contact acoustic radiation force impulse microscopy via photoacoustic detection for probing breast cancer cell mechanics. Biomed Opt Express 2015; 6:11-22. [PMID: 25657870 PMCID: PMC4317122 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel non-contact method: acoustic radiation force impulse microscopy via photoacoustic detection (PA-ARFI), capable of probing cell mechanics. A 30 MHz lithium niobate ultrasound transducer is utilized for both detection of phatoacoustic signals and generation of acoustic radiation force. To track cell membrane displacements by acoustic radiation force, functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes are attached to cell membrane. Using the developed microscopy evaluated with agar phantoms, the mechanics of highly- and weakly-metastatic breast cancer cells are quantified. These results clearly show that the PA-ARFI microscopy may serve as a novel tool to probe mechanics of single breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Youn Hwang
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Jin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Changyang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Hyung Ham Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jinhyoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA ;
| | - Qifa Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA ; Co-corresponding authors ;
| | - K Kirk Shung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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24
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Held G, Preisser S, Akarçay HG, Peeters S, Frenz M, Jaeger M. Effect of irradiation distance on image contrast in epi-optoacoustic imaging of human volunteers. Biomed Opt Express 2014; 5:3765-80. [PMID: 25426309 PMCID: PMC4242016 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In combined clinical optoacoustic (OA) and ultrasound (US) imaging, epi-mode irradiation and detection integrated into one single probe offers flexible imaging of the human body. The imaging depth in epi-illumination is, however, strongly affected by clutter. As shown in previous phantom experiments, the location of irradiation plays an important role in clutter generation. We investigated the influence of the irradiation geometry on the local image contrast of clinical images, by varying the separation distance between the irradiated area and the acoustic imaging plane of a linear ultrasound transducer in an automated scanning setup. The results for different volunteers show that the image contrast can be enhanced on average by 25% and locally by more than a factor of two, when the irradiated area is slightly separated from the probe. Our findings have an important impact on the design of future optoacoustic probes for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Held
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
| | - Stefan Preisser
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
| | - H. Günhan Akarçay
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
| | - Sara Peeters
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
| | - Martin Frenz
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
| | - Michael Jaeger
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern,
Switzerland
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25
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Zeng H, Wang J, Ye Q, Deng Z, Mei J, Zhou W, Zhang C, Tian J. Study on the refractive index matching effect of ultrasound on optical clearing of bio-tissues based on the derivative total reflection method. Biomed Opt Express 2014; 5:3482-93. [PMID: 25360366 PMCID: PMC4206318 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the tissue optical clearing (OC) technique in the biomedicine field has drawn lots of attention. Various physical and chemical methods have been introduced to improve the efficacy of OC. In this study, the effect of the combination of glycerol and ultrasound treatment on OC of in vitro porcine muscle tissues has been investigated. The refractive index (RI) matching mechanism of OC was directly observed based on the derivative total reflection method. A theoretical model was used to simulate the proportion of tissue fluid in the illuminated area. Moreover, the total transmittance spectra have been obtained by a spectrometer over the range from 450 nm to 700 nm. The administration of glycerol and ultrasound has led to an increase of the RI of background medium and a more RI matching environment was achieved. The experimental results support the validity of the ultrasound treatment for OC. The RI matching mechanism has been firstly quantitatively analyzed based on the derivative total reflection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhichao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianchun Mei
- Advanced Technology Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianguo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of physics and TEDA Applied Physics School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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26
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Hannah AS, VanderLaan D, Chen YS, Emelianov SY. Photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging using dual contrast perfluorocarbon nanodroplets triggered by laser pulses at 1064 nm. Biomed Opt Express 2014; 5:3042-52. [PMID: 25401018 PMCID: PMC4230866 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a dual photoacoustic and ultrasound contrast agent-named photoacoustic nanodroplet-has been introduced. Photoacoustic nanodroplets consist of a perfluorocarbon core, surfactant shell, and encapsulated photoabsorber. Upon pulsed laser irradiation the perfluorocarbon converts to gas, inducing a photoacoustic signal from vaporization and subsequent ultrasound contrast from the resulting gas microbubbles. In this work we synthesize nanodroplets which encapsulate gold nanorods with a peak absorption near 1064 nm. Such nanodroplets are optimal for extended photoacoustic imaging depth and contrast, safety and system cost. We characterized the nanodroplets for optical absorption, image contrast and vaporization threshold. We then imaged the particles in an ex vivo porcine tissue sample, reporting contrast enhancement in a biological environment. These 1064 nm triggerable photoacoustic nanodroplets are a robust biomedical tool to enhance image contrast at clinically relevant depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Hannah
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Donald VanderLaan
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yun-Sheng Chen
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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27
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Salehi HS, Wang T, Kumavor PD, Li H, Zhu Q. Design of miniaturized illumination for transvaginal co-registered photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2014; 5:3074-9. [PMID: 25401021 PMCID: PMC4230854 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel lens-array based illumination design for a compact co-registered photoacoustic/ultrasound transvaginal probe has been demonstrated. The lens array consists of four cylindrical lenses that couple the laser beams into four 1-mm-core multi-mode optical fibers with optical coupling efficiency of ~87%. The feasibility of our lens array was investigated by simulating the lenses and laser beam profiles using Zemax. The laser fluence on the tissue surface was experimentally measured and was below the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) safety limit. Spatial distribution of hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO2) of a mouse tumor was obtained in vivo using photoacoustic measurements at multiple wavelengths. Furthermore, benign and malignant ovaries were imaged ex vivo and evaluated histologically. The co-registered images clearly showed different patterns of blood vasculature. These results highlight the clinical potential of our system for noninvasive photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging of ovarian tissue and cancer detection and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S. Salehi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tianheng Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Patrick D. Kumavor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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28
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Liu Y, Yuan B. An optical system for detecting 3D high-speed oscillation of a single ultrasound microbubble. Biomed Opt Express 2013; 4:1559-1570. [PMID: 24049677 PMCID: PMC3771827 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As contrast agents, microbubbles have been playing significant roles in ultrasound imaging. Investigation of microbubble oscillation is crucial for microbubble characterization and detection. Unfortunately, 3-dimensional (3D) observation of microbubble oscillation is challenging and costly because of the bubble size-a few microns in diameter-and the high-speed dynamics under MHz ultrasound pressure waves. In this study, a cost-efficient optical confocal microscopic system combined with a gated and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera were developed to detect 3D microbubble oscillation. The capability of imaging microbubble high-speed oscillation with much lower costs than with an ultra-fast framing or streak camera system was demonstrated. In addition, microbubble oscillations along both lateral (x and y) and axial (z) directions were demonstrated. Accordingly, this system is an excellent alternative for 3D investigation of microbubble high-speed oscillation, especially when budgets are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Baohong Yuan
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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29
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Wang S, Aglyamov S, Karpiouk A, Li J, Emelianov S, Manns F, Larin KV. Assessing the mechanical properties of tissue-mimicking phantoms at different depths as an approach to measure biomechanical gradient of crystalline lens. Biomed Opt Express 2013; 4:2769-80. [PMID: 24409379 PMCID: PMC3862146 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the feasibility of using the dominant frequency of the sample surface response to a mechanical stimulation as an effective indicator for sensing the depthwise distribution of elastic properties in transparent layered phantom samples simulating the cortex and nucleus of the crystalline lens. Focused ultrasound waves are used to noninvasively interrogate the sample surface. A phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography system is utilized to capture the surface dynamics over time with nanometer scale sensitivity. Spectral analysis is performed on the sample surface response to ultrasound stimulation and the dominant frequency is calculated under particular loading parameters. Pilot experiments were conducted on homogeneous and layered tissue-mimicking phantoms. Results indicate that the mechanical layers located at different depths introduce different frequencies to the sample surface response, which are correlated with the depth-dependent elasticity of the sample. The duration and the frequency of the ultrasound excitation are also investigated for their influences on this spectrum-based detection. This noninvasive method may be potentially applied for localized and rapid assessment of the depth dependence of the mechanical properties of the crystalline lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Andrei Karpiouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jiasong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Fabrice Manns
- Ophthalmic Biophysics Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
- Biomedical Optics and Laser Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, 1251 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77584, USA
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30
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Baac HW, Lee T, Guo LJ. Micro-ultrasonic cleaving of cell clusters by laser-generated focused ultrasound and its mechanisms. Biomed Opt Express 2013; 4:1442-50. [PMID: 24010006 PMCID: PMC3756566 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.001442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Laser-generated focused ultrasound (LGFU) is a unique modality that can produce single-pulsed cavitation and strong local disturbances on a tight focal spot (<100 μm). We utilize LGFU as a non-contact, non-thermal, high-precision tool to fractionate and cleave cell clusters cultured on glass substrates. Fractionation processes are investigated in detail, which confirms distinct cell behaviors in the focal center and the periphery of LGFU spot. For better understanding of local disturbances under LGFU, we use a high-speed laser-flash shadowgraphy technique and then fully visualize instantaneous microscopic processes from the ultrasound wave focusing to the micro-bubble collapse. Based on these visual evidences, we discuss possible mechanisms responsible for the focal and peripheral disruptions, such as a liquid jet-induced wall shear stress and shock emissions due to bubble collapse. The ultrasonic micro-fractionation is readily available for in vitro cell patterning and harvesting. Moreover, it is significant as a preliminary step towards high-precision surgery applications in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Won Baac
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Currently with Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Taehwa Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - L. Jay Guo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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31
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Cook JR, Bouchard RR, Emelianov SY. Tissue-mimicking phantoms for photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging. Biomed Opt Express 2011; 2:3193-206. [PMID: 22076278 PMCID: PMC3207386 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.003193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In both photoacoustic (PA) and ultrasonic (US) imaging, overall image quality is influenced by the optical and acoustical properties of the medium. Consequently, with the increased use of combined PA and US (PAUS) imaging in preclinical and clinical applications, the ability to provide phantoms that are capable of mimicking desired properties of soft tissues is critical. To this end, gelatin-based phantoms were constructed with various additives to provide realistic acoustic and optical properties. Forty-micron, spherical silica particles were used to induce acoustic scattering, Intralipid(®) 20% IV fat emulsion was employed to enhance optical scattering and ultrasonic attenuation, while India Ink, Direct Red 81, and Evans blue dyes were utilized to achieve optical absorption typical of soft tissues. The following parameters were then measured in each phantom formulation: speed of sound, acoustic attenuation (from 6 to 22 MHz), acoustic backscatter coefficient (from 6 to 22 MHz), optical absorption (from 400 nm to 1300 nm), and optical scattering (from 400 nm to 1300 nm). Results from these measurements were then compared to similar measurements, which are offered by the literature, for various soft tissue types. Based on these comparisons, it was shown that a reasonably accurate tissue-mimicking phantom could be constructed using a gelatin base with the aforementioned additives. Thus, it is possible to construct a phantom that mimics specific tissue acoustical and/or optical properties for the purpose of PAUS imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R. Cook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Richard R. Bouchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Su JL, Bouchard RR, Karpiouk AB, Hazle JD, Emelianov SY. Photoacoustic imaging of prostate brachytherapy seeds. Biomed Opt Express 2011; 2:2243-54. [PMID: 21833361 PMCID: PMC3149522 DOI: 10.1364/boe.2.002243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Brachytherapy seed therapy is an increasingly common way to treat prostate cancer through localized radiation. The current standard of care relies on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) for imaging guidance during the seed placement procedure. As visualization of individual metallic seeds tends to be difficult or inaccurate under TRUS guidance, guide needles are generally tracked to infer seed placement. In an effort to improve seed visualization and placement accuracy, the use of photoacoustic (PA) imaging, which is highly sensitive to metallic objects in soft tissue, was investigated for this clinical application. The PA imaging properties of bare (i.e., embedded in pure gelatin) and tissue-embedded (at depths of up to 13 mm) seeds were investigated with a multi-wavelength (750 to 1090 nm) PA imaging technique. Results indicate that, much like ultrasonic (US) imaging, an angular dependence (i.e., seed orientation relative to imaging transducer) of the PA signal exists. Despite this shortcoming, however, PA imaging offers improved contrast, over US imaging, of a seed in prostate tissue if sufficient local fluence is achieved. Additionally, although the PA signal of a bare seed is greatest for lower laser wavelengths (e.g., 750 nm), the scattering that results from tissue tends to favor the use of higher wavelengths (e.g., 1064 nm, which is the primary wavelength of Nd:YAG lasers) when the seed is located in tissue. A combined PA and US imaging approach (i.e., PAUS imaging) shows strong potential to visualize both the seed and the surrounding anatomical environment of the prostate during brachytherapy seed placement procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy L. Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
USA
| | - Richard R. Bouchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
| | - Andrei B. Karpiouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
USA
| | - John D. Hazle
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,
USA
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030,
USA
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