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El-Mossalamy E, Al-Harby NF, Abdel Aal S, Ali N, El-Desawy M, Elewa MM, El Batouti M. Tenability on schiff base Hydrazone derivatives and Frontier molecular orbital. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24472. [PMID: 38293475 PMCID: PMC10826826 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Context hydrazine compounds based on 1,3,5-triazine were synthesised and their molecular structures were characterised by elemental analysis, Electronic, IR and 1H NMR spectra. The spectral behaviour of the newly prepared compounds in organic solvents of different polarities was extensively studied and correlated to the molecular structure. In this study, 1,3,5-Triazine derivatives (L1, L6, L7, L8) have been subjected to theoretical studies using the Semi-empirical PM3 quantum chemical method. The physical-chemical properties of some Hydrazone derivatives are determined theoretically. The molecular geometry, the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) - Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy gap, molecular hardness (η), ionisation energy (IE), Electron affinity and total energy were analysed, and applications as biological effects were done.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.H. El-Mossalamy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Nouf F. Al-Harby
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Abdel Aal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - N.M. Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - M. El-Desawy
- Nuclear Physics Department, Nuclear Research Centre, AEA, 13759 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Elewa
- Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria P.O. Box 1029, Egypt
| | - Mervette El Batouti
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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2
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Czarnota-Łydka K, Sudoł-Tałaj S, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Kurczab R, Satała G, de Candia M, Samarelli F, Altomare CD, Carocci A, Barbarossa A, Żesławska E, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Kubacka M, Wilczyńska-Zawal N, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Partyka A, Khan N, Więcek M, Nitek W, Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Latacz G, Wesołowska A, Carrieri A, Handzlik J. Synthesis, computational and experimental pharmacological studies for (thio)ether-triazine 5-HT 6R ligands with noticeable action on AChE/BChE and chalcogen-dependent intrinsic activity in search for new class of drugs against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115695. [PMID: 37567058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is becoming a growing problem increasing at a tremendous rate. Serotonin 5-HT6 receptors appear to be a particularly attractive target from a therapeutic perspective, due to their involvement not only in cognitive processes, but also in depression and psychosis. In this work, we present the synthesis and broad biological characterization of a new series of 18 compounds with a unique 1,3,5-triazine backbone, as potent 5-HT6 receptor ligands. The main aim of this research is to compare the biological activity of the newly synthesized sulfur derivatives with their oxygen analogues and their N-demethylated O- and S-metabolites obtained for the first time. Most of the new triazines displayed high affinity (Ki < 200 nM) and selectivity towards 5-HT6R, with respect to 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R, and D2R, in the radioligand binding assays. For selected, active compounds crystallographic studies, functional bioassays, and ADME-Tox profile in vitro were performed. The exciting novelty is that the sulfur derivatives exhibit an agonistic mode of action contrary to all other compounds obtained to date in this chemical class herein and previously reported. Advanced computational studies indicated that this intriguing functional shift might be caused by presence of chalcogen bonds formed only by the sulfur atom. In addition, the N-demethylated derivatives have emerged highly potent antioxidants and, moreover, show a significant improvement in metabolic stability compared to the parent structures. The cholinesterase study present micromolar inhibitory AChE and BChE activity for both 5-HT6 agonist 19 and potent antagonist 5. Finally, the behavioral experiments of compound 19 demonstrated its antidepressant-like properties and slight ability to improve cognitive deficits, without inducing memory impairments by itself. Described pharmacological properties of both compounds (5 and 19) allow to give a design clue for the development of multitarget compounds with 5-HT6 (both agonist and antagonist)/AChE and/or BChE mechanism in the group of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Czarnota-Łydka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Sudoł-Tałaj
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Samarelli
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Cosimo Damiano Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Ewa Żesławska
- Pedagogical University of Krakow, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Podchorążych 2, PL 30-084, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Natalia Wilczyńska-Zawal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Anna Partyka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 15, 31-530, Krakow, Poland; Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Czysta 18, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Nitek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, PL 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Honkisz-Orzechowska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
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Oggu S, Akshinthala P, Katari NK, Nagarapu LK, Malempati S, Gundla R, Jonnalagadda SB. Design, synthesis, anticancer evaluation and molecular docking studies of 1,2,3-triazole incorporated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-Triazine derivatives. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15935. [PMID: 37206039 PMCID: PMC10189396 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A new library of 1,2,3-triazole-incorporated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-triazine derivatives (9a-j) was designed, synthesized, and tested in vitro for anticancer activity against PC3 and DU-145 (prostate cancer), A549 (lung cancer), and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cancer cell lines using the MTT assay with etoposide as the control drug. The compounds exhibited remarkable anticancer activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.16 ± 0.083 μM to 11.8 ± 7.46 μM, whereas the positive control ranged from 1.97 0.45 μM to 3.08 0.135 μM. Compound 9 d with a 4-pyridyl moiety shown exceptional anticancer activity against PC3, A549, MCF-7, and DU-145 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.17 ± 0.063 μM, 0.19 ± 0.075 μM, 0.51 ± 0.083 μM, and 0.16 ± 0.083 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujana Oggu
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 329, India
- G. Narayanamma Institute of Technology & Science, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 104, India
| | - Parameswari Akshinthala
- Department of Science and Humanities, MLR Institute of Technology, Dundigal, Medchal, Hyderabad, Rudraram, 500043, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 329, India
- School of Chemistry & Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Laxmi Kumari Nagarapu
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 329, India
| | - Srimannarayana Malempati
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 329, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad, Telangana, 502 329, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sreekantha Babu Jonnalagadda
- School of Chemistry & Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
- Corresponding author.
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4
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Dobrikov GM, Nikolova Y, Slavchev I, Dangalov M, Deneva V, Antonov L, Vassilev NG. Structure and Conformational Mobility of OLED-Relevant 1,3,5-Triazine Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031248. [PMID: 36770913 PMCID: PMC9921695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of OLED-relevant compounds, consisting of 1,3,5-triazine core linked to various aromatic arms by amino group, has been synthesized and characterized. The studied compounds exist in solution as a mixture of two conformers, a symmetric propeller and asymmetric conformer, in which one of the aromatic arms is rotated around the C-N bond. At temperatures below -40 °C, the VT NMR spectra in DMF-d7 are in a slow exchange regime, and the signals of two conformers can be elucidated. At temperatures above 100 °C, the VT NMR spectra in DMSO-d6 are in a fast exchange regime, and the averaged spectra can be measured. The ratio of symmetric and asymmetric conformers in DMF-d7 varies from 14:86 to 50:50 depending on the substituents. The rotational barriers of symmetric and asymmetric conformers in DMF-d7 were measured for all compounds and are in the interval from 11.7 to 14.7 kcal/mol. The ground-state energy landscapes of the studied compounds, obtained by DFT calculations, show good agreement with the experimental rotational barriers. The DFT calculations reveal that the observed chemical exchange occurs by the rotation around the C(1,3,5-triazine)-N bond. Although some of the compounds are potentially tautomeric, the measured absorption and emission spectra do not indicate proton transfer neither in the ground nor in the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi M. Dobrikov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Nikolova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivaylo Slavchev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslav Dangalov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vera Deneva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Liudmil Antonov
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay G. Vassilev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
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5
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Yan Y, Li S, Zhang ZH, Qu J, Wang JY. A sensitive bio-probe for tracking lipid droplets with large Stokes shift and its application in cell imaging. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 260:119988. [PMID: 34052768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) including triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters are applied for protein transformation and protein maturation in living bodies, which have an important effect on lipid metabolism, homeostasis, and interactions with other organelles. The imbalance of LDs could lead to many serious diseases including insulin resistance, cancer, obesity, liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. The diameter distribution of LDs is quite extensive from 100 nm to 100 µm. Herein, we designed and constructed a novel organic bio-probe TzAr-N for LDs cell imaging with much more hydrophobic and viscous environment compared to cytosol by using 1,3,5-triazine as electron acceptor. This sensitive probe exhibited favorable merits including large Stokes shift (almost 80 nm), good LDs targeting ability, and a low biological toxicity, which also could not be affected by wide range of pH values. Furthermore, the bio-probe TzAr-N could also mark LDs distribution in living HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Yan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China.
| | - Shaoqing Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hao Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Jianbo Qu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Jian-Yong Wang
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China.
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6
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Bede LA, Koffi AK, Beke FLED, Semmeq A, Badawi M. Investigation of tautomerism of 1,3,5-triazine derivative, stability, and acidity of its tautomers from density functional theory. J Mol Model 2021; 27:147. [PMID: 33934244 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified N2,N4-bis(4-fluorophenethyl)-N6-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (1TZ(7,8,9)) as a potent, pure antagonist that inhibits thermosensory transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel (TRPV1) channel activity. This study provides theoretical data on the stability and acidity of the tautomers of this molecule. We show that this triazine can exist as three predominant tautomers (2TZ(5,7,8), 4TZ(3,7,9), 7TZ(1,8,9)). In the aqueous phase, equilibrium constants calculations show that only the tautomeric equilibria between 1TZ(7,8,9) and the three most stable triazines can be present which suggests that these three tautomeric equilibria would be the basis of 1TZ(7,8,9)'s biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Affoue Bede
- Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM), Université Felix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Alain Kouassi Koffi
- Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM), Université Felix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Fred-Lawson Ekozias Digre Beke
- Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM), Université Felix Houphouët-Boigny, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Abderrahmane Semmeq
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR 7019, CNRS et Université de Lorraine, BP239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54 506, Vandoeuvre-lès- Nancy-Cedex, France
| | - Michael Badawi
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR 7019, CNRS et Université de Lorraine, BP239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54 506, Vandoeuvre-lès- Nancy-Cedex, France.
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Guan B, Jiang C. Design and development of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as protective agent against spinal cord injury in rat via inhibition of NF-ĸB. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:127964. [PMID: 33744436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a chronic disease causing motor and sensory loss in the affected individuals. The SCI has a huge impact on the lives of patients that makes them susceptible to life-long disability. However, the current clinical modalities are ineffective to cope the aftermath of SCI. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to develop a series of 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as a protective agent against SCI. The molecules were developed by facile synthetic route and obtained in excellent yield. The compounds were tested for their efficacy to inhibit the transcription of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 cells, where they displayed mild to potent activity. Compound 8a was identified as most potent NF-κB inhibitor among the tested analogues. The effect of compound 8a was further scrutinized against the SCI injury in rats induced by contusion injury. It has been found that compound 8a improves motor function of rats together with reduction in inflammation and edema in spinal cord of rats. It also showed to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation in the SCI rats. In a western blot analysis, after SCI induction, compound 8a inhibited NF-κB and its upstream regulator TLR4 in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our study provides a novel class of agent that provide protective action against SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binggang Guan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tian Jin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Bone Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China.
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V M V, Pola S, Chetti P. Optoelectronic and charge transport properties of D-n-A type 1,3,5-triazine derivatives: A combined experimental and DFT study. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 245:118940. [PMID: 32979810 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of five D-n-A type star-shaped octupolar molecules is presented in the current work. The exploration of the potential applicability of molecules under study in organic optoelectronics as electron or hole transporting materials is carried out by DFT methods. All the molecules have a 1,3,5-triazine core, which acts as an electron acceptor (A). Phenyl ring and pyridine ring act as electron donors (D) in AZ and PZ series of molecules respectively. The donor and acceptor core are connected by -NH bridge (n). The crystal structure of a molecule in the PZ series is elucidated. Thermogravimetric studies are carried out to confirm the thermal stability of molecules. The frontier molecular orbitals of molecules are characterized with the help of cyclic voltammetry. With the assistance of DFT methodologies, the whole research presented in this work focuses on the electronic excitations, reorganization energies, electron affinity, ionization potential and features of frontier molecular orbitals of molecules. The investigation of the variation of optoelectronic properties of molecules with changing patterns of nucleophilic substitution on 1,3,5-triazine core and presence of a hetero (nitrogen) atom in the donor part of the molecule is also accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya V M
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Someshwar Pola
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Prabhakar Chetti
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India.
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9
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Sudoł S, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Kurczab R, Wilczyńska N, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Satała G, Latacz G, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Żesławska E, Nitek W, Partyka A, Buzun K, Doroz-Płonka A, Wesołowska A, Bielawska A, Handzlik J. Chlorine substituents and linker topology as factors of 5-HT 6R activity for novel highly active 1,3,5-triazine derivatives with procognitive properties in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112529. [PMID: 32693296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the light of recent lines of evidence, 5-HT6R ligands are a promising tool for future treatment of memory impairment. Hence, this study has supplied highly potent 5-HT6R agents with procognitive effects, which represent an original chemical class of 1,3,5-triazines, different from widely studied sulfone and indole-like 5-HT6R ligands. The new compounds were rationally designed as modifications of lead, 4-(1-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethyl)-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (1), involving an introduction of: (i) two chlorines at benzene ring and (ii) varied linkers joining the triazine ring to aromatic ethers. Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological tests and computer-aided SAR analysis for 19 new compounds were carried out. Most of the new triazines displayed high affinity (Ki < 100 nM) and selectivity towards 5-HT6R, with respect to 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R and D2R. The crystallography-supported docking studies, including quantum-polarized ligand docking (QPLD), indicated that chlorine atoms may be involved in different type of halogen bonding, however, the linker properties seem to predominately affect the 5-HT6R affinity. 4-[1-(2,5-Dichlorophenoxy)propyl]-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (9), which displayed: the highest affinity (Ki = 6 nM), very strong 5-HT6R antagonistic action (KB = 27 pM), procognitive effects in vivo in novel object recognition (NOR) test in rats, a very good permeability in PAMPA model and satisfying safety in vitro, was identified as the most potent 1,3,5-triazine agent so far, useful as a new lead for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Sudoł
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Wilczyńska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Żesławska
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Podchorążych 2, PL 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Nitek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, PL 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Partyka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamila Buzun
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland; Deparmtent of Biotechnology, Medical University of Białystok, PL 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agata Doroz-Płonka
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Deparmtent of Biotechnology, Medical University of Białystok, PL 15-222, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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Sahu S, Ghosh SK, Gahtori P, Pratap Singh U, Bhattacharyya DR, Bhat HR. In silico ADMET study, docking, synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of thiazole- 1,3,5-triazine derivatives as Pf-DHFR inhibitor. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:762-767. [PMID: 31351317 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (Pf-DHFR) is an essential enzyme in the folate pathway and is an important target for antimalarial drug discovery. In this study a modern approach has been undertaken to identify new hits of thiazole-1,3,5-triazine derivatives as antimalarials targeting Pf-DHFR. METHODS The library of 378 thiazole-1,3,5-triazines were designed and subjected to ADME analysis. The compounds having optimal ADME score, was then evaluated by docking against wild and mutant Pf-DHFR complex. The resultant compound after screening from above these two methods were synthesized, and assayed for in vitro antimalarial against chloroquine-sensitive (3D-7) and chloroquine resistant (Dd-2) strains of P. falciparum. RESULTS Twenty compounds were identified from the dataset based on considerable AlogP98 vs. PSA_2D confidence ellipse, ADME filter and TOPKAT toxicity analysis. Majority of compounds showed interaction with Asp54, Arg59, Arg122 and Ile 164 in docking analysis. Entire set of tested derivatives exhibited considerable activity at the tested dose against sensitive strain with IC50 values varying from 10.03 to 54.58 μg/ml. Furthermore, against chloroquine resistant strain, eight compounds showed IC50 from 11.29 to 40.92 μg/ml. Compound A5 and H16 were found to be the most potent against both the strains of P. Falciparum. CONCLUSION Results of the study suggested the possible utility of thiazole-1,3,5-triazines as new lead for identifying new class of Pf-DHFR inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Surajit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Prashant Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Udaya Pratap Singh
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Hans Raj Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India.
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11
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Qiang Z, Yu W, Yu Y. Design and Development of Novel 1,3,5-Triazine-Procaine Derivatives as Protective Agent against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Inhibitor of Nuclear Factor-κB. Pharmacology 2019; 104:126-138. [PMID: 31212291 DOI: 10.1159/000500702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the protective effect of novel 1,3,5-triazine-procaine derivatives against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Initially, the experiment has been started by the synthesis of procaine, which later got substituted with diverse 1,3,5-triazine derivatives to furnish the final compounds. The target compounds were tested for nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The antioxidant activity of most potent compound 9i was investigated using hydroxyl radical, DPPH, and superoxide anion scavenging assay. Compound 9i was further evaluated for protective effect against myocardial I/R injury on the basis numerous parameters, for example, hemodynamic parameters (left ventricular developed pressure [LVDP], ±dp/dtmax, coronary flow [CF], and heart rate [HR]), myocardial enzymes (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), oxidative stress (super oxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione [GSH], and glutathione peroxidise [GPx]), histopathology, western blots analysis for B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated x protein (Bax), lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), and NF-κB in cardiac tissues. Compounds showed significant inhibition of NF-ĸB transcriptional activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, revealing compound 9i as a most potent derivative. In vitro results showed efficient reduction of reduced hydroxyl radical, DPPH, and superoxide anion by 9i. The level LVDP, ±dp/dtmax, CF, HR, TBARS, SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx, and damaged cardiac histopathology were completely restored to normal in 9i-treated group, as compared to I/R group. In western blot analysis, the expression of Bax, LOX-1, and NF-ĸB was found to be decreased, while the level of Bcl-2 was found to be increased in 9i-treated group. The procaine-1,3,5-triazine derivatives showed significant cardioprotective action via inhibition of NF-ĸB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Qiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin First Center Hospital Clinic Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,
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12
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Ali W, Więcek M, Łażewska D, Kurczab R, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Satała G, Kucwaj-Brysz K, Lubelska A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Mordyl B, Siwek A, Nasim MJ, Partyka A, Sudoł S, Latacz G, Wesołowska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Handzlik J. Synthesis and computer-aided SAR studies for derivatives of phenoxyalkyl- 1,3,5-triazine as the new potent ligands for serotonin receptors 5-HT 6. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:740-751. [PMID: 31229876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This research has provided the most active 5-HT6R agents among 1,3,5-triazine derivatives investigated to date and has also identified the world's first selenium-containing 5-HT6R ligands. The studies are focused on design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking-supported SAR analysis for novel 5-HT6R agents as derivatives of lead structure 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-6-(phenoxymethyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (7). The lead modifications included an introduction of: (i) various small substituents at benzene ring, (ii) a branched ether linker or (iii) the ether oxygen replacement with other chalcogen (S, Se) or sulfonyl moiety. Hence, a series of new compounds (7-24) was synthesized and examined on their affinities for 5-HT6R and selectivity, in respect to the 5-HT1AR, 5-HT2AR, 5-HT7R and dopamine D2 receptor, in the radioligand binding assays. For representative most active compounds functional bioassays and toxicity profile in vitro and antidepressant-like activity in vivo were examined. The 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenyl derivative (10) was found as the most active triazine 5-HT6R antagonist (Ki = 11 nM). SAR analysis indicated, that an exchange of oxygen to selenium (7 vs. 22), and especially, to sulfur (7 vs. 19) was beneficial to increase both affinity and antagonistic action for 5-HT6R. Surprisingly, an introduction of SO2 caused a drastic decrease of the 5-HT6R affinity, which was explained at a molecular level based on docking studies. All in vivo tested compounds (10, 18 and 21) did not show any risk of toxicity in the safety studies in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Ali
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland; Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, Campus B2 1, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucwaj-Brysz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Annamaria Lubelska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Mordyl
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland; Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, Campus B2 1, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Anna Partyka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Sudoł
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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Mikuš P, Krajčiová D, Mikulová M, Horváth B, Pecher D, Garaj V, Bua S, Angeli A, Supuran CT. Novel sulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine and amino acid structural motifs as inhibitors of the physiological carbonic anhydrase isozymes I, II and IV and tumor-associated isozyme IX. Bioorg Chem 2018; 81:241-252. [PMID: 30153589 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A new series of thirty s-triazinyl-substituted aminoalkylbenzenesulfonamides, incorporating a symmetric pair of amino acid moieties, is reported, together with inhibition studies of physiologically relevant human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms. Specifically, against the cytosolic hCA I, II, transmembrane hCA IV and the tumor-associated, membrane-bound hCA IX. The compounds were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of chlorine atoms from cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine) using environmentally friendly water-based synthetic conditions. The products yields ranged in the interval of 43-97%. Purity of the products was verified by the HPLC-DAD-ESI-Q-TOF MS method. Identity of the products was confirmed by the same method plus NMR and IR. The products showed weak inhibition of the cytosolic, off-target isozyme hCA II, but some of them were low nanomolar (i.e. strong) inhibitors of the tumor-associated hCA IX. The series offered representatives selective towards isozymes hCA I, IV and IX. 2,2'-((6-((4-sulfamoylphenethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(imino))disuccinic acid demonstrated highest selectivity to the tumor-associated isoform hCA IX over off-target isozymes, with impressive KI ratio (hCA II/hCA IX) 213.9 and inhibition constant equal to acetazolamide (KI = 25.8 nM). Although the selectivities of some other products, e.g. those conjugating Leu and Glu, were a bit lower (188.7 and 84.3, respectively) their inhibition constants were similar to acetazolamide too (24.0 and 27.1, respectively). The selected most impressive results from the inhibition study were interpreted via molecular modeling experiment (docking in Glide) revealing different inter-molecular enzyme-substrate interaction of 2,2'-((6-((4-sulfamoylphenethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyl)bis(imino))disuccinic acid within specific hCA IX and hCA II microregions. Therefore, several selected compounds from this study can be considered as highly effective and selective inhibitors of hCA IX, worthy to further (preclinical) investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mikuš
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Dominika Krajčiová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Mária Mikulová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Branislav Horváth
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Daniel Pecher
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Vladimír Garaj
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Toxicological and Antidoping Centre, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Odbojárov 10, SK-83232 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Silvia Bua
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
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14
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Łażewska D, Kurczab R, Więcek M, Kamińska K, Satała G, Jastrzębska-Więsek M, Partyka A, Bojarski AJ, Wesołowska A, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Handzlik J. The computer-aided discovery of novel family of the 5-HT 6 serotonin receptor ligands among derivatives of 4-benzyl- 1,3,5-triazine. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:117-124. [PMID: 28441580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The work describes a discovery of new chemical family of potent ligands for the 5-HT6 serotonin receptors. During the search for new histamine H4 receptor antagonists among 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, compound 2 (4-benzyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine) was found. Compound 2, weakly active for the H4 receptor but fitted in 3/4 of pharmacophore features of the 5-HT6R ligand, occurred to be a moderate 5-HT6R agent, useful as a lead structure for further modifications. A series of new derivatives (3-19) of the lead 2 was synthesized, evaluated in the radioligand binding assay (RBA) and explored in comprehensive molecular modelling, including both pharmacophore- and structure-based approaches with docking to the homology model of 5-HT6R. The most active compounds displayed a potent affinity for the 5-HT6R in the nanomolar range (Ki = 20-30 nM), some of them (4, 11 and 19) were tested in the rat forced swim test that revealed their antidepressant-like effect. SAR-analysis on the basis of both, RBA and docking results, indicated that action on the receptor is related to the hydrophobicity and the size of aromatic moiety substituted by a methylene linker at the position 4 of 1,3,5-triazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kamińska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Satała
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Anna Partyka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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Zhou X, Lin K, Ma X, Chui WK, Zhou W. Design, synthesis, docking studies and biological evaluation of novel dihydro- 1,3,5-triazines as human DHFR inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:1279-88. [PMID: 27886545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of dihydro-1,3,5-triazine derivatives bearing a heteroatom spiro-ring were designed and synthesized on the basis of molecular flexible docking work, and their biological activities were evaluated. Compounds A2, A5, B1 and B3 showed potent human dihydrofolate reductase (hDHFR) inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 7.46 nM, 3.72 nM, 6.46 nM, 4.08 nM, versus reference drug methotrexate (MTX). From the molecular docking result we concluded that the conformation space generated by deformation of the flexible residue Phe31 is favorable for the binding of the spiro-ring, and inserting heteroatom into spiro ring might increase the binding affinity. There were 24 compounds with broadspectrum antiproliferative activity against several tumor cell lines (HCT116, A549, HL-60, HepG2 and MDA-MB-231) with IC50 values ranging from 0.79 to 0.001 μM. The antitumor activity in vivo of compound A2 was determined in a human alveolar basal epithelial cell line A549 xenograft model. This study offered novel anticancer agents with high inhibitory activity that target hDHFR and have a binding mode of the novel molecular scaffold with hDHFR. This provides potent support for further development of novel hDHFR inhibitors.
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Ocak M, Ak T, Aktaş A, Özbek N, Çağılcı OC, Gümrükçüoğlu A, Kantekin H, Ocak Ü, Alp H. Metal Complexation Properties of Schiff Bases Containing 1,3,5-Triazine Derived from 2-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldehyde in Solution. A Simple Spectrofluorimetric Method to Determine Mercury (II). J Fluoresc 2017; 27:59-68. [PMID: 27633371 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Four new Schiff base ligands carrying naphthalene groups were prepared from the reaction of 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-diamino-6-undecyl-1,3,5-triazine with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde. The influence of a series of metal ions including Cu2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Al3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Ag+, Ba2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the spectroscopic properties of the ligands was investigated by means of absorption and emission spectrometry. The results of spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric titrations disclosed the complexation stoichiometry and complex stability constant of the ligands with metal ions. A simple spectrofluorimetric method was developed using the Schiff base derived from 2,4-diamino-6-undecyl-1,3,5-triazine to determine Hg2+ ion. No cleanup or enrichment of the tap water sample was required. A modified standard addition method was used to eliminate matrix effect. The standard addition graph was linear between 0.2 and 2.6 mg/L in determination of Hg2+. Detection and quantification limits were 0.08 and 0.23 mg/L, respectively. The simple and cost-effective method can be applied to water samples.
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Plebanek E, Chevrier F, Roy V, Garenne T, Lecaille F, Warszycki D, Bojarski AJ, Lalmanach G, Agrofoglio LA. Straightforward synthesis of 2,4,6-trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazine compounds targeting cysteine cathepsins K and S. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:12-20. [PMID: 27214508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and evaluation against various cysteine cathepsins with endopeptidase activity, of two new families of hitherto unknown 1,3,5-triazines, substituted by a nitrile function and either a cyclohexylamine moiety (5-like) or a piperazine moiety (9-like) are described. The structure-activity relationship was discussed; from 16 synthesized novel compounds, 9h was the most active and selectively inhibitor of Cat K (IC50 = 28 nM) and Cat S (IC50 = 23 nM). Molecular docking of 9h to X-ray crystal structure of cathepsins K and S confirmed a common binding mode with a crucial covalent bond with Cys25. We observed for 9h that p-trifluorophenyl group is located in S2 pocket and possess hydrophobic interactions with Tyr67 and Met68. Triazine and piperazine moieties are located in S'1 pocket and interact with Gly23, Cys63, Gly64 and Gly65. Altogether, these results indicate that the new analogs can make them effective agents against some viruses for which the glycoprotein cleavage is mediated by an array of proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent Roy
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, F-45067, Orléans, France
| | - Thibault Garenne
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Université François Rabelais, F-37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Fabien Lecaille
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Université François Rabelais, F-37032, Tours Cedex, France
| | - Dawid Warszycki
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gilles Lalmanach
- INSERM, UMR 1100, Pathologies Respiratoires: protéolyse et aérosolthérapie, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Université François Rabelais, F-37032, Tours Cedex, France
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Duan RR, Ou ZB, Wang W, Chen S, Zhou XH. Synthesis, crystal structures, photoluminescence properties and DNA binding of triazine-nickel(II) complexes for DNA detection. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 151:64-71. [PMID: 26125984 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis of three new nickel(II) complexes: [Ni(PzTA)2CO3]·5H2O (PzTA=2,4-diamino-6-(2'-pyrazin)-1,3,5-triazine) in 1, [NiQ(PyTA)(H2O)2]Cl·H2O (HQ=8-hydroxyquinoline, PyTA=2,4-diamino-6-(2'-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine) in 2, [NiQ(PzTA)(H2O)2]Cl·H2O in 3, and they were characterized by UV spectroscopy, elemental analysis, molar conductivity and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Binding of the complexes to ct-DNA was investigated with electronic spectroscopy, ethidium bromide displacement from DNA, viscometry and cyclic voltammetry. The results depicted the DNA binding mode of the three complexes was intercalation, and complex 1 together with external static-electricity. Moreover, the three complexes also presented potential anti-oxidant activity. Interestingly, we found 1 was sensitive to oxygen and to the polarity of nonaqueous solvents in fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence of 2 and 3 is weak in neutral aqueous solvents, but is greatly enhanced by addition of ct-DNA. Thus, 2 and 3 can be used to DNA detection as DNA fluorescence probes with a LOD of 1.61 ng mL(-1), 4.90 ng mL(-1) for the relative wide linear range of 0.01-20 μg mL(-1), 0.02-30 μg mL(-1), respectively. These findings indicate that 1 may be a potential optical probe for oxygen-free environments in nonaqueous form, while 2 and 3 were DNA-targeted probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Ran Duan
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ou
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Shi Chen
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhou
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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