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Zaunz S, De Smedt J, Lauwereins L, Cleuren L, Laffeber C, Bajaj M, Lebbink JHG, Marteijn JA, De Keersmaecker K, Verfaillie C. APEX1 Nuclease and Redox Functions are Both Essential for Adult Mouse Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10550-0. [PMID: 37266894 PMCID: PMC10390635 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10550-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are carefully controlled by extrinsic and intrinsic factors, to ensure the lifelong process of hematopoiesis. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1) is a multifunctional protein implicated in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. Although previous studies have emphasized the necessity of studying APEX1 in a lineage-specific context and its role in progenitor differentiation, no studies have assessed the role of APEX1, nor its two enzymatic domains, in supporting adult HSPC function. In this study, we demonstrated that complete loss of APEX1 from murine bone marrow HSPCs (induced by CRISPR/Cas9) caused severe hematopoietic failure following transplantation, as well as a HSPC expansion defect in culture conditions maintaining in vivo HSC functionality. Using specific inhibitors against either the nuclease or redox domains of APEX1 in combination with single cell transcriptomics (CITE-seq), we found that both APEX1 nuclease and redox domains are regulating mouse HSPCs, but through distinct underlying transcriptional changes. Inhibition of the APEX1 nuclease function resulted in loss of HSPCs accompanied by early activation of differentiation programs and enhanced lineage commitment. By contrast, inhibition of the APEX1 redox function significantly downregulated interferon-stimulated genes and regulons in expanding HSPCs and their progeny, resulting in dysfunctional megakaryocyte-biased HSPCs, as well as loss of monocytes and lymphoid progenitor cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that APEX1 is a key regulator for adult regenerative hematopoiesis, and that the APEX1 nuclease and redox domains differently impact proliferating HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Zaunz
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium.
| | - Jonathan De Smedt
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
- GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Lukas Lauwereins
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Lana Cleuren
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Charlie Laffeber
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manmohan Bajaj
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Joyce H G Lebbink
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A Marteijn
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kim De Keersmaecker
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Stem Cell Institute, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, O&N IV Herestraat 49, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
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Wu Z, Liu Z, Sun Y, Yuan Y, Zou Q, Wen Y, Luo J, Liu R. APEX1 predicts poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer and affects biological properties of CD133 + GBC-SD cells via upregulating Jagged1. J Cancer 2023; 14:1443-1457. [PMID: 37283798 PMCID: PMC10240672 DOI: 10.7150/jca.83356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although APEX1 is associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of some human cancer types, the function of APEX1 in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is unclear. In this study, we found that APEX1 expression is up-regulated in GBC tissues, and APEX1 positive expression is related to aggressive clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of GBC. APEX1 was an independent risk factor of GBC prognosis, and presented some pathological diagnostic significance in GBC. Furthermore, APEX1 was overexpressed in CD133+ GBC-SD cells in comparison with GBC-SD cells. APEX1 knockdown increased the sensitivity of CD133+ GBC-SD cells to 5-Fluorouracil via facilitating cell necrosis and apoptosis. APEX1 knockdown in CD133+ GBC-SD cells dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. APEX1 knockdown in CD133+ GBC-SD cells accelerated tumor growth in the xenograft models. Mechanistically, APEX1 affected these malignant properties via upregulating Jagged1 in CD133+ GBC-SD cells. Thus, APEX1 is a promising prognostic biomarker, and a potential therapeutic target for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
| | - Ziru Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Qiong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Yun Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410011, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Rushi Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Immunological Diagnostics, School of medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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Sun Z, Chen G, Wang L, Sang Q, Xu G, Zhang N. APEX1 promotes the oncogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulation of MAP2K6. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7959-7971. [PMID: 36205565 PMCID: PMC9596212 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1), a key enzyme responsible for DNA base excision repair, has been linked to development and progression of cancers. In this work, we aimed to explore the role of APEX1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elucidate its molecular mechanism. Methods: The expression of APEX1 in HCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues (n = 80 cases) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Web-based tools UALCAN and the Kaplan-Meier plotter were used to analyze the Cancer Genome Atlas database to compare expression of APEX1 mRNA to 5-year overall survival. APEX1 was stably silenced in two HCC cell lines, Hep 3B and Bel-7402, with shRNA technology. An in vivo tumorigenesis model was established by subcutaneously injecting sh-APEX1-transfected Bel-7402 cells into mice, and tumor growth was determined. We performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in sh-APEX1-treated HCC cells to identify the key KEGG signaling pathways induced by silencing of APEX1. Results: APEX1 was significantly upregulated and predicted poor clinical overall survival in HCC patients. Silencing APEX1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro, and it repressed invasion and migration and increased apoptosis and the percentage of cells in G1. Differentially expressed genes upon APEX1 silencing included genes involved in TNF signaling. A positive correlation between the expression of APEX1 and MAP2K6 was noted, and overexpressing MAP2K6 overcame cancer-related phenotypes associated with APEX1 silencing. Conclusion: APEX1 enhances the malignant properties of HCC via MAP2K6. APEX1 may represent a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Sun
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyang Chen
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Sang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhong Xu
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nengwei Zhang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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Miner KM, Jamenis AS, Bhatia TN, Clark RN, Rajasundaram D, Sauvaigo S, Mason DM, Posimo JM, Abraham N, DeMarco BA, Hu X, Stetler RA, Chen J, Sanders LH, Luk KC, Leak RK. α-synucleinopathy exerts sex-dimorphic effects on the multipurpose DNA repair/redox protein APE1 in mice and humans. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 216:102307. [PMID: 35710046 PMCID: PMC9514220 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lewy body disorders are characterized by oxidative damage to DNA and inclusions rich in aggregated forms of α-synuclein. Among other roles, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) repairs oxidative DNA damage, and APE1 polymorphisms have been linked to cases of Lewy body disorders. However, the link between APE1 and α-synuclein is unexplored. We report that knockdown or inhibition of APE1 amplified inclusion formation in primary hippocampal cultures challenged with preformed α-synuclein fibrils. Fibril infusions into the mouse olfactory bulb/anterior olfactory nucleus (OB/AON) elicited a modest decrease in APE1 expression in the brains of male mice but an increase in females. Similarly, men with Lewy body disorders displayed lower APE1 expression in the OB and amygdala compared to women. Preformed fibril infusions of the mouse OB/AON induced more robust base excision repair of DNA lesions in females than males. No fibril-mediated loss of APE1 expression was observed in male mice when the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine was added to their diet. These findings reveal a potential sex-biased link between α-synucleinopathy and APE1 in mice and humans. Further studies are warranted to determine how this multifunctional protein modifies α-synuclein inclusions and, conversely, how α-synucleinopathy and biological sex interact to modify APE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Miner
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Anuj S Jamenis
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Tarun N Bhatia
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Rachel N Clark
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Dhivyaa Rajasundaram
- Department of Pediatrics, Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | | | - Daniel M Mason
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Jessica M Posimo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Nevil Abraham
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Brett A DeMarco
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Laurie H Sanders
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19147, USA
| | - Rehana K Leak
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
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Peng L, Liu Y, Chen J, Cheng M, Wu Y, Chen M, Zhong Y, Shen D, Chen L, Ye X. APEX1 regulates alternative splicing of key tumorigenesis genes in non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:147. [PMID: 35780128 PMCID: PMC9250739 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant alternative splicing (AS) contributes to tumor progression. Previous studies have shown that apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease-1 (APEX1) is involved in tumor progression. It is unknown whether APEX1 functions in tumor progression by regulation of AS. It is also unknown whether APEX1 can regulate non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation and apoptosis. We analyzed APEX1 expression levels in 517 lung NSCLC samples from the TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) database. The impact of APEX1 over expression on A549 cell proliferation and apoptosis was detected by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and by flow cytometry. The transcriptome of A549 cells with and without APEX1 over expression was determined by Illumina sequencing, followed by analysis of AS. RT-qPCR validated expression of APEX1-related genes in A549 cells. We have successfully applied RNA-seq technology to demonstrate APEX1 regulation of AS. RESULTS APEX1 expression was shown to be upregulated in NSCLC samples and to reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of A549 cells. In addition, APEX1 regulated AS of key tumorigenesis genes involved in cancer proliferation and apoptosis within MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways. Each of these pathways are involved in lung cancer progression. Furthermore, validated AS events regulated by APEX1 were in key tumorigenesis genes; AXIN1 (axis inhibition protein 1), GCNT2 (N-acetyl glucosaminyl transferase 2), and SMAD3 (SMAD Family Member 3). These genes encode signaling pathway transcription regulatory factors. CONCLUSIONS We found that increased expression of APEX1 was an independent prognostic factor related to NSCLC progression. Therefore, APEX1 regulation of AS may serve as a molecular marker or therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.,Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hosipital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Mengxin Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Zhong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
| | - Xujun Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, No. 169 Dong Hu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Guo N, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Deng Y, Zeng F, Li X. Potential Role of APEX1 During Ferroptosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:798304. [PMID: 35311089 PMCID: PMC8927806 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.798304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently discovered category of programmed cell death. It is much different from other types of cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The main pathological feature of ferroptosis is the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The typical changes in the morphological features of ferroptosis include cell volume shrinkage and increased mitochondrial membrane area. The mechanisms of ferroptosis may be mainly related to lipid peroxidation accumulation, imbalance in amino acid antioxidant system, and disturbance of iron metabolism. Besides, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and p53 pathway have been demonstrated to be involved in ferroptosis. At present, the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis pathway are still unmapped. In this review, an outlook has been put forward about the crucial role of apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) in the regulation of ferroptosis. APEX1 plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular redox balance and can be used as a potential inhibitor of ferroptotic cell death. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the mRNA level of APEX1 is decreased in cases of ferroptosis triggered by erastin. Besides, it was found that there was a significant correlation between APEX1 and genes in the ferroptosis pathway. We have discussed the possibility to employ APEX1 inducers or inhibitors in the regulation of ferroptosis as a new strategy for the treatment of various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yonghao Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Endutkin AV, Yatsenko DD, Zharkov DO. Effect of DNA Methylation on the 3'→5' Exonuclease Activity of Major Human Abasic Site Endonuclease APEX1. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2022; 87:10-20. [PMID: 35491018 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are the key enzymes in the DNA base excision repair, as they hydrolyze the phosphodiester bond in the AP site formed after removal of the damaged base. Major human AP endonuclease APEX1 also possesses the 3'-phosphodiesterase and 3'→5' exonuclease activities. The biological role of the latter has not been established yet; it is assumed that it corrects DNA synthesis errors during DNA repair. If DNA is damaged at the 3'-side of 5-methylcytosine (mC) residue, the 3'→5' exonuclease activity can change the epigenetic methylation status of the CpG dinucleotide. It remains unclear whether the 3'→5' exonuclease activity of APEX1 contributes to the active epigenetic demethylation or, on the contrary, is limited in the case of methylated CpG dinucleotides in order to preserve the epigenetic status upon repair of accidental DNA damage. Here, we report the results of the first systematic study on the efficiency of removal of 3'-terminal nucleotides from the substrates modeling DNA repair intermediates in the CpG dinucleotides. The best substrates for the 3'→5' exonuclease activity of APEX1 were oligonucleotides with the 3'-terminal bases non-complementary to the template, while the worst substrates contained mC. The presence of mC in the complementary strand significantly reduced the reaction rate even for the non-complementary 3'-ends. Therefore, the efficiency of the 3'→5' exonuclease reaction catalyzed by APEX1 is limited in the case of the methylated CpG dinucleotides, which likely reflects the need to preserve the epigenetic status during DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Endutkin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Darya D Yatsenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Zharkov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Zhao CR, Yang FF, Cui Q, Wang D, Zhou Y, Li YS, Zhang YP, Tang RZ, Yao WJ, Wang X, Pang W, Zhao JN, Jiang ZT, Zhu JJ, Chien S, Zhou J. Vitexin inhibits APEX1 to counteract the flow-induced endothelial inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2115158118. [PMID: 34810252 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115158118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells are exposed to shear stresses with disturbed vs. laminar flow patterns, which lead to proinflammatory vs. antiinflammatory phenotypes, respectively. Effective treatment against endothelial inflammation and the consequent atherogenesis requires the identification of new therapeutic molecules and the development of drugs targeting these molecules. Using Connectivity Map, we have identified vitexin, a natural flavonoid, as a compound that evokes the gene-expression changes caused by pulsatile shear, which mimics laminar flow with a clear direction, vs. oscillatory shear (OS), which mimics disturbed flow without a clear direction. Treatment with vitexin suppressed the endothelial inflammation induced by OS or tumor necrosis factor-α. Administration of vitexin to mice subjected to carotid partial ligation blocked the disturbed flow-induced endothelial inflammation and neointimal formation. In hyperlipidemic mice, treatment with vitexin ameliorated atherosclerosis. Using SuperPred, we predicted that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease1 (APEX1) may directly interact with vitexin, and we experimentally verified their physical interactions. OS induced APEX1 nuclear translocation, which was inhibited by vitexin. OS promoted the binding of acetyltransferase p300 to APEX1, leading to its acetylation and nuclear translocation. Functionally, knocking down APEX1 with siRNA reversed the OS-induced proinflammatory phenotype, suggesting that APEX1 promotes inflammation by orchestrating the NF-κB pathway. Animal experiments with the partial ligation model indicated that overexpression of APEX1 negated the action of vitexin against endothelial inflammation, and that endothelial-specific deletion of APEX1 ameliorated atherogenesis. We thus propose targeting APEX1 with vitexin as a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate atherosclerosis.
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Aloise DDA, Coura-Vital W, Carneiro M, Rodrigues MV, Toscano GADS, da Silva RB, Silva-Portela RDCB, Fontes-Dantas FL, Agnez-Lima LF, Vitor RWA, Andrade-Neto VFD. Association between ocular toxoplasmosis and APEX1 and MYD88 polymorphism. Acta Trop 2021; 221:106006. [PMID: 34118207 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is the most common form of posterior uveitis, and in some countries, it is the most frequent cause of visual impairment. Studies demonstrate that the polymorphism in genes involved with the immune response can be related both to the occurrence and to the recurrence of OT. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the association between OT and the polymorphism of the APEX1 (rs1130409) and MyD88 (rs7744) genes. The studied sample consisted of 48 volunteers with OT and 96 asymptomatic volunteers, but positive for anti - T. gondii IgG (control group). Blood collection was performed for serological analysis (ELISA) and DNA extraction. Genotyping of the polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR. To analyze the association between gene polymorphism and OT, logistic regression was performed. The results showed no association between the MYD88 gene polymorphism and the development of OT. However, a significant association was found between OT and APEX1 gene polymorphism, indicating that individuals expressing polymorphic (GG) or heterozygous (GT) alleles are more likely to develop the disease (P-value = 0.02 and 0.03 respectively). These results suggest that APEX1 (rs1130409) polymorphism is a risk factor for the occurrence of ocular toxoplasmosis in the studied population.
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Tummanatsakun D, Proungvitaya T, Roytrakul S, Proungvitaya S. Bioinformatic Prediction of Signaling Pathways for Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endodeoxyribonuclease 1 ( APEX1) and Its Role in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092587. [PMID: 33946672 PMCID: PMC8125001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) is involved in the DNA damage repair pathways and associates with the metastasis of several human cancers. However, the signaling pathway of APEX1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has never been reported. In this study, to predict the signaling pathways of APEX1 and related proteins and their functions, the effects of APEX1 gene silencing on APEX1 and related protein expression in CCA cell lines were investigated using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools. Bioinformatic analyses predicted that APEX1 might interact with cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) and son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), which are involved in tumor metastasis. RNA and protein expression levels of APEX1 and its related proteins, retrieved from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the Human Protein Atlas databases, revealed that their expressions were higher in CCA than in the normal group. Moreover, higher levels of APEX1 expression and its related proteins were correlated with shorter survival time. In conclusion, the signaling pathway of APEX1 in metastasis might be mediated via CDC42 and SOS1. Furthermore, expression of APEX1 and related proteins is able to predict poor survival of CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doungdean Tummanatsakun
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
| | - Tanakorn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-4320-2088
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Tan A, Ruan P, Sun P. APEX1/miR-24 axis: a promising therapeutic target in endometriosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 304:131-141. [PMID: 33502561 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-05963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present work aimed to explore the aberrant expression of APEX1 in endometrial stromal cells (ESC) and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The levels of APEX1 and miR-24 in endometriosis tissues were tested by qRT-PCR and Western blot. After cell transfection, cells were correspondingly classified into pcDNA3.1-NC, sh-NC, mimic NC, inhibitor NC, pcDNA3.1-APEX1, sh-APEX1, miR-24 mimic, miR-24 inhibitor, sh-NC + inhibitor NC, inhibitor-NC + sh-APEX1, sh-NC + miR-24 inhibitor, pcDNA3.1-NC + mimic NC, mimic NC + pcDNA3.1-APEX1 and pcDNA3.1-NC + miR-24 mimic group. Besides, cell proliferation, apoptosis in addition to apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-casase-3 were analyzed by BrdU assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and Western blot assays, respectively. Additionally, RIP assay was conducted to determine the interaction between pri-miR-24 and miR-24. RESULTS APEX1 and miR-24 were highly expressed in endometriosis tissues. Overexpression of APEX1 and miR-24 potentiates ESC proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, while those effects could be reversed by APEX1 and miR-24 silencing. Meanwhile, APEX1 and miR-24 could elevate ESC apoptosis-related proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 and decrease Bcl-2 expression. Importantly, APEX1 was positively correlated with miR-24 expression. CONCLUSION APEX1 promotes ESC proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by upregulating miR-24 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Ruan
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, No. 99, Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Pengxing Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
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12
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Cao L, Cheng H, Jiang Q, Li H, Wu Z. APEX1 is a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4573-4591. [PMID: 32167932 PMCID: PMC7093175 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the expression and clinical significance of apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The APEX1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in HCC than adjacent normal liver tissues in multiple datasets from the Oncomine, GEO and TCGA databases. APEX1 levels were significantly higher in early-stage HCC patients with low alpha-fetoprotein expression. The positive predictive value (PPV) for APEX1 was significantly higher than the PPV for alpha-fetoprotein (67.91% vs. 55.22%) in HCC patients. High APEX1 expression correlated with resistance to sorafenib and anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) therapies in HCC patients, and it associated with poorer overall survival, disease-specific survival, progression-free survival, and relapse-free survival in early- and advanced-stage HCC patients. High APEX1 expression also associated with poor prognosis in non-alcoholic, vascular invasion-negative, and hepatitis virus-negative HCC patients. These data suggest that APEX1 is a better diagnostic and prognostic biomarker than alpha-fetoprotein in HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that APEX1 expression correlated with the DNA damage repair pathway in HCC tissues. These findings demonstrate that APEX1 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.,The 900th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Qiuxia Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, Quanzhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zhixian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.,The 900th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force, Fuzhou, China
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13
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Wang T, Wang H, Yang S, Guo H, Zhang B, Guo H, Wang L, Zhu G, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Zhang X, Li H, Su H. Association of APEX1 and OGG1 gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk among Han women in the Gansu Province of China. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:67. [PMID: 29720094 PMCID: PMC5930440 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Genetic variations in key DNA repair genes may influence DNA repair capacity, DNA damage and breast carcinogenesis. The current study aimed to estimate the association of APEX1 and OGG1 polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer development. Methods A total of 518 patients with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer and 921 region- and age-matched cancer-free controls were genotyped for the APEX1 polymorphisms rs3136817 and rs1130409 and the OGG1 polymorphisms rs1052133 and rs2072668 using a QuantStudio™ 12 K Flex Real-Time PCR System. Results The rs3136817 heterozygous TC genotype along with the rs3136817 dominant model (TC + CC) was strongly associated with breast cancer susceptibility (odds ratio [OR] = 0.670, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.513 - 0.873, P = 0.003; OR = 0.682, 95% CI: 0.526 - 0.883, P = 0.004, respectively). No significant associations were observed among rs1130409, rs1052133, rs2072668 and breast cancer risk. Furthermore, an allele combination analysis revealed that APEX1 haplotypes containing C-T (alleles rs3136817 and rs1130409) conferred a significantly lower risk (corrected P < 0.001). Conclusion This research is the latest report showing that an APEX1 rs3136817 heterozygous genotype may have a positive influence on DNA repair capacity in patients with breast cancer and thus may have a potential protective effect for Chinese Han women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0578-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Suisheng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Guo
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Binming Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Guo
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongjian Zhu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haining Li
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Su
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Li J, Mo Z. Association between the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and prostate cancer, especially among Asians: a new evidence-based analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:52530-40. [PMID: 27248666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (Pca) is a serious disease associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. As a causative factor, the Asp148Glu polymorphism has been identified in the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APEX1) gene. However, the association among Asians is considered controversial. Methods Evidence for this association was obtained from the PubMed, Embase, HuGENet and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. In the analysis, four models were applied. Associations between the APEX1 polymorphism and the invasiveness of Pca based on the Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen expression and clinical status were also evaluated. Results Seven articles were included in the analysis. Positive results were not only discovered in the pooled analysis, but also among patients of mixed descentand Asian descent. However, after considering the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), we observed only a 1.557-fold increase in Pca risk for subjects of Asian descent(GG vs. TT: OR=1.557, 95%CI=1.069-2.268) under the co-dominant model. Additionally, we did not also find any relationship between the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism and invasive Pca risk. Conclusion On the basis of the function of the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism, recent studies, and our results, we suggest that the APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism might be important in stimulating the development of Pca rather than its invasiveness in various populations, especially for Asians.
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Kim H, Seo H, Park Y, Min BJ, Seo ME, Park KD, Shin HY, Kim JH, Kang HJ. APEX1 Polymorphism and Mercaptopurine-Related Early Onset Neutropenia in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancer Res Treat 2017; 50:823-834. [PMID: 28882023 PMCID: PMC6056975 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mercaptopurine (MP) is one of the main chemotherapeutics for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To improve treatment outcomes, constant MP dose titration is essential to maintain steady drug exposure, while minimizing myelosuppression. We performed two-stage analyses to identify genetic determinants of MP-related neutropenia in Korean pediatric ALL patients. Materials and Methods Targeted sequencing of 40 patients who exhibited definite MP intolerance was conducted using a novel panel of 211 pharmacogenetic-related genes, and subsequent analysis was performed with 185 patients. Results Using bioinformatics tools and genetic data, four functionally interesting variants were selected (ABCC4, APEX1, CYP1A1, and CYP4F2). Including four variants, 23 variants in 12 genes potentially linked to MP adverse reactions were selected as final candidates for subsequent analysis in 185 patients. Ultimately, a variant allele in APEX1 rs2307486was found to be strongly associated with MP-induced neutropenia that occurred within 28 days of initiating MP (odds ratio, 3.44; p=0.02). Moreover, the cumulative incidence of MP-related neutropenia was significantly higher in patients with APEX1 rs2307486 variants, as GG genotypes were associated with the highest cumulative incidence (p < 0.01). NUDT15 rs116855232 variants were strongly associated with a higher cumulative incidence of neutropenia (p < 0.01), and a lower median dose of tolerated MP throughout maintenance treatment (p < 0.01). Conclusion We have identified that APEX1 rs2307486 variants conferred an increased risk of MP-related early onset neutropenia. APEX1 and NUDT15 both contribute to cell protection from DNA damage or misincorporation, so alleles that impair the function of either gene may affect MP sensitivities, thereby inducing MP-related neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyery Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heewon Seo
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoomi Park
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Min
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Eui Seo
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Duk Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Systems Biomedical Informatics Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jin Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Dyballa-Rukes N, Jakobs P, Eckers A, Ale-Agha N, Serbulea V, Aufenvenne K, Zschauer TC, Rabanter LL, Jakob S, von Ameln F, Eckermann O, Leitinger N, Goy C, Altschmied J, Haendeler J. The Anti-Apoptotic Properties of APEX1 in the Endothelium Require the First 20 Amino Acids and Converge on Thioredoxin-1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:616-629. [PMID: 27835927 PMCID: PMC5397250 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1 (APEX1) has a disordered N-terminus, a redox, and a DNA repair domain. APEX1 has anti-apoptotic properties, which have been linked to both domains depending on cell type and experimental conditions. AIMS As protection against apoptosis is a hallmark of vessel integrity, we wanted to elucidate whether APEX1 acts anti-apoptotic in primary human endothelial cells and, if so, what the underlying mechanisms are. RESULTS APEX1 inhibits apoptosis in endothelial cells by reducing Cathepsin D (CatD) cleavage, potentially by binding to the unprocessed form. Diminished CatD activation results in increased Thioredoxin-1 protein levels leading to reduced Caspase 3 activation. Consequently, apoptosis rates are decreased. This depends on the first twenty amino acids in APEX1, because APEX1 (21-318) induces CatD activity, decreases Thioredoxin-1 protein levels, and, thus, increases Caspase 3 activity and apoptosis. Along the same lines, APEX1 (1-20) inhibits Caspase 3 cleavage and apoptosis. Furthermore, re-expression of Thioredoxin-1 via lentiviral transduction rescues endothelial cells from APEX1 (21-318)-induced apoptosis. In an in vivo model of restenosis, which is characterized by oxidative stress, endothelial activation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation, Thioredoxin-1 protein levels are reduced in the endothelium of the carotids. INNOVATION APEX1 acts anti-apoptotic in endothelial cells. This anti-apoptotic effect depends on the first 20 amino acids of APEX1. CONCLUSION As proper function of the endothelium during life span is a hallmark for individual health span, a detailed characterization of the functions of the APEX1N-terminus is required to understand all its cellular properties. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 616-629.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Dyballa-Rukes
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Jakobs
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Eckers
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Niloofar Ale-Agha
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Vlad Serbulea
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Karin Aufenvenne
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Lothar L Rabanter
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Jakob
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Florian von Ameln
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Olaf Eckermann
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia.,3 Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Christine Goy
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- 1 IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine , Duesseldorf, Germany .,4 Medical Faculty, Central Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Duesseldorf , Duesseldorf, Germany
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Sanchez JR, Reddick TL, Perez M, Centonze VE, Mitra S, Izumi T, McMahan CA, Walter CA. Increased human AP endonuclease 1 level confers protection against the paternal age effect in mice. Mutat Res 2015; 779:124-33. [PMID: 26201249 PMCID: PMC4554949 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased paternal age is associated with a greater risk of producing children with genetic disorders originating from de novo germline mutations. Mice mimic the human condition by displaying an age-associated increase in spontaneous mutant frequency in spermatogenic cells. The observed increase in mutant frequency appears to be associated with a decrease in the DNA repair protein, AP endonuclease 1 (APEX1) and Apex1 heterozygous mice display an accelerated paternal age effect as young adults. In this study, we directly tested if APEX1 over-expression in cell lines and transgenic mice could prevent increases in mutagenesis. Cell lines with ectopic expression of APEX1 had increased APEX1 activity and lower spontaneous and induced mutations in the lacI reporter gene relative to the control. Spermatogenic cells obtained from mice transgenic for human APEX1 displayed increased APEX1 activity, were protected from the age-dependent increase in spontaneous germline mutagenesis, and exhibited increased apoptosis in the spermatogonial cell population. These results directly indicate that increases in APEX1 level confer protection against the murine paternal age effect, thus highlighting the role of APEX1 in preserving reproductive health with increasing age and in protection against genotoxin-induced mutagenesis in somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila R Sanchez
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Traci L Reddick
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, 20 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Marissa Perez
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Victoria E Centonze
- Cell & Tissue Imaging Center, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6550 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tadahide Izumi
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, 1095 V.A. Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - C Alex McMahan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Christi A Walter
- South Texas Veteran's Health Care System, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Cancer Therapy & Research Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Hsu CM, Chang WS, Hwang JJ, Wang JY, Hsiao YL, Tsai CW, Liu JC, Ying TH, Bau DT. The role of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease DNA repair gene in endometriosis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2014; 11:295-301. [PMID: 25422360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The altered cellular repair capacity plays a critical role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. We aimed at evaluating the contribution of the polymorphic variant in apurinic/apyriminidinic endonuclease (APEX1) gene to its mRNA and protein levels and the risk of endometriosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the current case-control study, 153 endometriosis patients and 636 non-endometriosis controls were recruited. APEX1 Asp(148)Glu (rs1130409) genotyping was conducted by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). At the same time, twenty eight endometriosis tissue samples with different genotypes were examined regarding their expression levels of APEX1 mRNA and protein by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. RESULTS Compared with wild-type TT genotype, TG and GG genotypes of APEX1 Asp(148)Glu had a risk of endometriosis of 0.93- and 0.87-fold. The results from in vivo transcriptional (RNA) and translational (protein) level analysis revealed that the APEX1 mRNA and protein were of similar levels among the endometriosis tissues of people carrying TT, TG, or GG genotypes. There was no joint effect of APEX1 Asp(148)Glu genotype with menarche, pregnancy, smoking or alcohol drinking lifestyles on endometriosis risk. CONCLUSION The APEX1 Asp(148)Glu genotype correlates well with its mRNA and protein expression among endometriosis patients and may not serve as a sensitive marker for prediction of endometriosis risk in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Mu Hsu
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Shin Chang
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jeng-Jong Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ju-Yu Wang
- Basic Medical Science, Department of Nursing, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Lin Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Juhn-Cherng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Li M, Völker J, Breslauer KJ, Wilson DM. APE1 incision activity at abasic sites in tandem repeat sequences. J Mol Biol 2014; 426:2183-98. [PMID: 24703901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive DNA sequences, such as those present in microsatellites and minisatellites, telomeres, and trinucleotide repeats (linked to fragile X syndrome, Huntington disease, etc.), account for nearly 30% of the human genome. These domains exhibit enhanced susceptibility to oxidative attack to yield base modifications, strand breaks, and abasic sites; have a propensity to adopt non-canonical DNA forms modulated by the positions of the lesions; and, when not properly processed, can contribute to genome instability that underlies aging and disease development. Knowledge on the repair efficiencies of DNA damage within such repetitive sequences is therefore crucial for understanding the impact of such domains on genomic integrity. In the present study, using strategically designed oligonucleotide substrates, we determined the ability of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) to cleave at apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in a collection of tandem DNA repeat landscapes involving telomeric and CAG/CTG repeat sequences. Our studies reveal the differential influence of domain sequence, conformation, and AP site location/relative positioning on the efficiency of APE1 binding and strand incision. Intriguingly, our data demonstrate that APE1 endonuclease efficiency correlates with the thermodynamic stability of the DNA substrate. We discuss how these results have both predictive and mechanistic consequences for understanding the success and failure of repair protein activity associated with such oxidatively sensitive, conformationally plastic/dynamic repetitive DNA domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jens Völker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Kenneth J Breslauer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - David M Wilson
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Rodriguez-Hernandez I, Perdomo S, Santos-Briz A, Garcia JL, Gomez-Moreta JA, Cruz JJ, Gonzalez-Sarmiento R. Analysis of DNA repair gene polymorphisms in glioblastoma. Gene 2013; 536:79-83. [PMID: 24325908 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite several factors such as ionizing radiation exposure or rare genetic syndromes have been associated with the development of glioblastoma, no underlying cause has been identified for the majority of cases. We thus aimed to investigate the role of DNA repair polymorphisms in modulating glioblastoma risk. METHODS Genotypic and allelic frequencies of seven common polymorphisms in DNA repair genes involved in nucleotide excision repair (ERCC1 rs11615, ERCC2 rs13181, ERCC6 rs4253079), base excision repair (APEX1 rs1130409, XRCC1 rs25487), double-strand break repair (XRCC3 rs861539) and mismatch repair (MLH1 rs1800734) pathways were analyzed in 115 glioblastoma patients and 200 healthy controls. Haplotype analysis was also performed for ERCC1 rs11615 and ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphisms, located on the same chromosomal region (19q13.32). RESULTS Our results indicated that carriers of the ERCC2 Gln/Gln genotype were associated with a lower glioblastoma risk (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.89; P=0.028), whereas carriers of the MLH1 AA genotype were associated with an increased risk of glioblastoma (OR=3.14, 95% CI 1.09-9.06; P=0.034). Furthermore, the haplotype containing the C allele of ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism and the T allele of ERCC1 rs11615 polymorphism was significantly associated with a protective effect of developing glioblastoma (OR=0.34, 95% CI 0.16-0.71; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS These results pointed out that MLH1 rs1800734 and ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphisms might constitute glioblastoma susceptibility factors, and also suggested that the chromosomal region 19q could be important in glioblastoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBMCC and IBSAL (USAL/CSIC/University Hospital), Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Angel Santos-Briz
- IBMCC and IBSAL (USAL/CSIC/University Hospital), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Garcia
- IBMCC and IBSAL (USAL/CSIC/University Hospital), Salamanca, Spain; Institute for Health Science Studies of Castilla y Leon, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Juan Jesus Cruz
- IBMCC and IBSAL (USAL/CSIC/University Hospital), Salamanca, Spain; Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rogelio Gonzalez-Sarmiento
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBMCC and IBSAL (USAL/CSIC/University Hospital), Salamanca, Spain.
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21
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Moore SPG, Toomire KJ, Strauss PR. DNA modifications repaired by base excision repair are epigenetic. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:1152-8. [PMID: 24216087 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CREB controls ∼25% of the mammalian transcriptome. Small changes in binding to its consensus (CRE) sequence are likely to be amplified many fold in initiating transcription. Here we show that DNA lesions repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway modulate CREB binding to CRE. We generated Kd values by electrophoretic mobility shift assays using purified human CREB and a 39-mer double-stranded oligonucleotide containing modified or wild-type CRE. CRE contains two guanine residues per strand, one in a CpG islet. Alterations in CRE resulted in positive or negative changes in Kd over two orders of magnitude depending on location and modification. Cytosine methylation or oxidation of both guanines greatly diminished binding; a G/U mispair in the CpG context enhanced binding. Intermediates in the BER pathway at one G residue or the other resulted in reduced binding, depending on the specific location, while there was no change in binding when the single G residue outside of the CpG islet was oxidized. CREB recruits other partners after dimers form on DNA. Only UpG increased DNA.CREB dimer formation. Since oxidation is ongoing and conversion of cytosine to uracil occurs spontaneously or at specific times during differentiation and development, we propose that BER substrates are epigenetic and modulate transcription factor recognition/binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P G Moore
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
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Frau M, Feo F, Pascale RM. Pleiotropic effects of methionine adenosyltransferases deregulation as determinants of liver cancer progression and prognosis. J Hepatol 2013; 59:830-41. [PMID: 23665184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Downregulation of liver-specific MAT1A gene, encoding S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesizing isozymes MATI/III, and upregulation of widely expressed MAT2A, encoding MATII isozyme, known as MAT1A:MAT2A switch, occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Being inhibited by its reaction product, MATII isoform upregulation cannot compensate for MATI/III decrease. Therefore, MAT1A:MAT2A switch contributes to decrease in SAM level in rodent and human hepatocarcinogenesis. SAM administration to carcinogen-treated rats prevents hepatocarcinogenesis, whereas MAT1A-KO mice, characterized by chronic SAM deficiency, exhibit macrovesicular steatosis, mononuclear cell infiltration in periportal areas, and HCC development. This review focuses upon the pleiotropic changes, induced by MAT1A/MAT2A switch, associated with HCC development. Epigenetic control of MATs expression occurs at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In HCC cells, MAT1A/MAT2A switch is associated with global DNA hypomethylation, decrease in DNA repair, genomic instability, and signaling deregulation including c-MYC overexpression, rise in polyamine synthesis, upregulation of RAS/ERK, IKK/NF-kB, PI3K/AKT, and LKB1/AMPK axis. Furthermore, decrease in MAT1A expression and SAM levels results in increased HCC cell proliferation, cell survival, and microvascularization. All of these changes are reversed by SAM treatment in vivo or forced MAT1A overexpression or MAT2A inhibition in cultured HCC cells. In human HCC, MAT1A:MAT2A and MATI/III:MATII ratios correlate negatively with cell proliferation and genomic instability, and positively with apoptosis and global DNA methylation. This suggests that SAM decrease and MATs deregulation represent potential therapeutic targets for HCC. Finally, MATI/III:MATII ratio strongly predicts patients' survival length suggesting that MAT1A:MAT2A expression ratio is a putative prognostic marker for human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Frau
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Kim KY, Han W, Noh DY, Kang D, Kwack K. Impact of genetic polymorphisms in base excision repair genes on the risk of breast cancer in a Korean population. Gene 2013; 532:192-6. [PMID: 24076439 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in base excision repair (BER) genes to the risk of breast cancer (BC) was evaluated by focusing on two key genes: apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1) and 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1). Genetic variations in the genes encoding these DNA repair enzymes may alter their functions and increase susceptibility to carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to analyze polymorphisms in two BER genes, exploring their associations and particularly the combined effects of these variants on BC risk in a Korean population. Three SNPs of two BER genes were genotyped using the Illumina GoldenGate™ method. In total, 346 BC patients and 361 cancer-free controls were genotyped for these BER gene polymorphisms and analyzed for their correlation with BC risk in multiple logistic regression models. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, family history of BC, and body mass index were used. The APEX1 Asp148Glu polymorphism was weakly associated with BC risk. The combined analysis among the BER genes, however, showed significant effects on BC risk. The APEX1 Asp148Glu carrier, in combination with OGG1 rs2072668 and OGG1 Ser326Cys, was strongly associated with an increased risk of BC. Moreover, the combination of the C-C haplotype of OGG1 with the APEX1 Asp148Glu genotype was also associated with an additive risk effect of BC [ORs=2.44, 2.87, and 3.50, respectively]. The combined effect of APEX1 Asp148Glu was found to be associated with an increased risk of BC. These results suggest that the combined effect of different SNPs within BER genes may be useful in predicting BC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Chen WC, Tsai CW, Hsia TC, Chang WS, Lin LY, Liang SJ, Tu CY, Cheng WE, Chen HJ, Wang SM, Bau DT. The contribution of DNA apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease genotype and smoking habit to Taiwan lung cancer risk. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:2775-2778. [PMID: 23749940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the association and interaction of genotypic polymorphism the gene for DNA-apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APEX1) with personal smoking habit and lung cancer risk in Taiwan, the polymorphic variants of APEX1, Asp(148)Glu (rs1130409), were analyzed in association with lung cancer risk, and their joint effect with personal smoking habits on lung cancer susceptibility was discussed. In this hospital-based case-control study, 358 patients with lung cancer and 716 cancer-free controls, frequency-matched by age and sex, were recruited and genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The results showed that the percentages of TT, TG and GG APEX1 Asp(148)Glu genotypes were not significantly different at 43.0%, 41.1% and 15.9% in the lung cancer patient group and 39.9%, 46.1% and 14.0% in non-cancer control group, respectively. We further analyzed the genetic-lifestyle effects on lung cancer risk and found the contribution of APEX1 Asp(148)Glu genotypes to lung cancer susceptibility was neither enhanced in the cigarette smokers nor in the non-smokers (p=0.3550 and 0.8019, respectively). Our results provide evidence that the non-synonymous polymorphism of APEX1 Asp(148)Glu may not be directly associated with lung cancer risk, nor enhance the effects of smoking habit on lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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