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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chen K, Liu J, Wu D, Cheng Y, Wang H, Li Y. Insufficient S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase compromises the beneficial effect of diabetic BMSCs on diabetic cardiomyopathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:418. [PMID: 35964109 PMCID: PMC9375418 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for cardiovascular diseases including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), but conclusions from clinical trials were compromised. We assumed that diabetes might induce the dysfunction of stem cells and thus limit its therapeutic effect. This study aimed to compare the effect of diabetes and nondiabetes-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on DCM and explored the potential mechanism. Methods Rats with diabetes were induced using high-fat diets and streptozotocin (STZ) injection. BMSCs harvested from diabetic and nondiabetic rats were infused into DCM rats, and the effects on the heart were identified by echocardiography and histopathology. The inhibition or overexpression of SAHH in nondiabetic and diabetic BMSCs was used to confirm its key role in stem cell activity and cardiac therapy. Results Compared with normal BMSCs, the therapeutic effects of diabetic rat-derived stem cells on improving cardiac function and adverse remodeling were significantly attenuated. In vitro, diabetic BMSCs had lower cell viability and paracrine function than nondiabetic BMSCs. It was further found that diabetic BMSCs had obvious mitochondrial oxidative stress damage and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) accumulation due to S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) deficiency. SAHH inhibition by adenosine dialdehyde (ADA) or shSAHH plasmid in normal BMSCs significantly reduced the favorable effects on endothelial cell proliferation and tube-forming capacity. In contrast, SAHH overexpression in diabetic BMSCs significantly improved cellular activity and paracrine function. Transplantation of BMSCs with SAHH overexpression improved cardiac adverse remodeling and angiogenesis. Activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway may be one of the key mechanisms of SAHH-mediated improvement of stem cell viability and cardiac repair. Conclusions Diabetes leads to compromised bioactivity and repair capacity of BMSCs. Our study suggests that SAHH activation may improve the cardioprotective effect of autologous transplantation of diabetes-derived BMSCs on patients with DCM. Graphical abstract Diabetes induced the inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) expression and aging phenotype in BMSCs and thus decreased the cell viability and paracrine function. Compared with normal BMSCs, the therapeutic effects of diabetic rat-derived BMSCs on improving cardiac function and adverse remodeling were significantly attenuated. SAHH overexpression in diabetic BMSCs significantly rescued cellular function partly via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signal. Transplantation of diabetic BMSCs with SAHH overexpression improved angiogenesis and cardiac adverse remodeling in rats.![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03099-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kegong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Future Medical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Forth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Endocrinology, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 1 Fuxin Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China.
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Ceccotti C, Biasato I, Gasco L, Caimi C, Bellezza Oddon S, Rimoldi S, Brambilla F, Terova G. How Different Dietary Methionine Sources Could Modulate the Hepatic Metabolism in Rainbow Trout? Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3238-52. [PMID: 35877447 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquafeeds in which plant proteins are used to replace fishmeal, exogenous methionine (Met) sources are demanded to balance the amino acid composition of diets and meet the metabolic fish requirements. Nonetheless, since different synthetic Met sources are commercially available, it is important to determine their bioavailability and efficacy. To address this issue, we conducted a two-month feeding trial with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which were fed diets supplemented with five different forms of Met: Met-Met, L-Met, HMTBa, DL-Met, and Co DL-Met. No differences in growth performance were found in trout fed with different Met forms, but changes in the whole-body composition were found. In particular, Met-Met and L-Met promoted a significant body lipid reduction, whereas the protein retention was significantly increased in fish fed with HMTBa and Co DL-Met. The latter affected the hepatic Met metabolism promoting the trans-sulfuration pathway through the upregulation of CBS gene expression. Similarly, the L-Met enhanced the remethylation pathway through an increase in BHMT gene expression to maintain the cellular demand for Met. Altogether, our findings suggest an optimal dietary intake of all tested Met sources with similar promoting effects on fish growth and hepatic Met metabolism. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying these effects warrant further investigation.
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Zhang Y, Li D, Feng X, Wang X, Wang M, Han W, Manzoor MA, Li G, Chen T, Wang H, Cai Y. Whole-genome analysis of CGS, SAHH, SAMS gene families in five Rosaceae species and their expression analysis in Pyrus bretschneideri. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13086. [PMID: 35313526 PMCID: PMC8934043 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS), S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH), and S-adenosy-L-methionine synthetase (SAMS) play an important role in the regulation of plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. In this study, a total of 6 CGS, 6 SAHH, and 28 SAMS genes were identified from five Rosaceae species (Pyrus bretschneideri, Prunus persica, Prunus mume, Fragaria vesca, and Malus domestica). The evolutionary relationship and microsynteny analysis in five Rosaceae species revealed that duplicated regions were conserved between three gene families (CGS, SAHH, SAMS). Moreover, the chromosomal locations, gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-elements, physicochemical properties, and Ka/Ks analysis were performed by using numerous bioinformatics tools. The expression of different organs showed that the CGS, SAHH and SAMS genes of pear have relatively high expression patterns in flowers and stems, except for PbCGS1. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR combined analysis showed that PbSAMS1 may be involved in the regulation of pear stone cell development. In summary, this study provides the basic information of CGS, SAHH and SAMS genes in five Rosaceae species, further revealing the expression patterns in the pear fruit, which provides the theoretical basis for the regulation of pear stone cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Decong Li
- Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | | | - Xinya Wang
- Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Han Wang
- Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Terova G, Ceccotti C, Ascione C, Gasco L, Rimoldi S. Effects of Partially Defatted Hermetia illucens Meal in Rainbow Trout Diet on Hepatic Methionine Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061059. [PMID: 32575530 PMCID: PMC7341315 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary For sustainable aquaculture development, fish meal from the sea in aquafeed should be replaced with other sustainable materials such as insect larvae. The authors fed black soldier fly maggot meal to rainbow trout and examined the expression of three genes and two metabolites involved in turn-over of methionine that is an essential amino acid in fish. According to the increase in the maggot content in the aquafeed, gene expression was modulated to maintain an optimal level of methionine metabolites. Dietary replacement of up to 50% of fish meal with the maggot meal was acceptable, implying future development of a new aquafeed for sustainable aquaculture. Abstract This study investigated, for the first time, the effects of replacement of fishmeal (FM) with insect meal from Hermetia illucens (HI) on the transcript levels of three genes involved in methionine (Met) metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver. Two target genes—betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH)—are involved in Met resynthesis and the third one—cystathionine β synthase (CBS)—is involved in net Met loss (taurine synthesis). We also investigated the levels of two Met metabolites involved in the maintenance of methyl groups and homocysteine homeostasis in the hepatic tissue: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). Three diets were formulated, an FM-based diet (HI0) and two diets in which 25% (HI25) and 50% (HI50) of FM was replaced with HI larvae meal. A 78-day feeding trial involved 360 rainbow trout with 178.9 ± 9.81 g initial average weight. Dietary replacement of up to 50% of FM with HI larvae meal, without any Met supplementation, did not negatively affect rainbow trout growth parameters and hepatic Met metabolism. In particular, Met availability from the insect-based diets directly modulated the transcript levels of two out of three target genes (CBS, SAHH) to maintain an optimal level of one-carbon metabolic substrates, i.e., the SAM:SAH ratio in the hepatic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genciana Terova
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0332421428
| | - Chiara Ceccotti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Chiara Ascione
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Laura Gasco
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo P. Braccini 2, Grugliasco, 10095 Turin, Italy;
| | - Simona Rimoldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J.H. Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy; (C.C.); (C.A.); (S.R.)
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Liang Q, Ou M, Ren Y, Yao Z, Hu R, Li J, Liu Y, Wang W. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of S- adenosyl- L-homocysteine hydrolase ( SAHH) during the pathogenic infection of Litopenaeus vannamei by Vibrio alginolyticus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 88:284-292. [PMID: 30849500 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
SAHH is an enzyme, playing a significant role in the catalyzation of the S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) into homocysteine (Hcy) and adenosine (Ado). However, little is known information of the enzyme in crustaceans. In the present study, SAHH cDNA was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvSAHH). The full length of the LvSAHH was found, containing a 5' UTR of 119 bp, an ORF of 1236 bp and a 3' UTR of 549 bp. The LvSAHH gene encoded a polypeptide of 411 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 45.55 kD and a predicted isoelectronic point (pI) of 5.63. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed that LvSAHH has high identity (70 %-82%) with other known species. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that LvSAHH mRNA was broadly expressed in all of the examined tissues, while the highest expression level was observed in muscle, followed by the expression in stomach, gill, pleopod, hepatopancreas, heart, eye and intestine. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that LvSAHH was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. LvSAHH mRNA expression levels in hepatopancreas and gill were significantly up-regulated from 6 to 48 h after V. alginolyticus injection and reached the highest level (15-fold and 8-fold, p < 0.01) at 24 h, respectively. Additionally, the Toll-like receptors (TLR) and interleukins-16 (IL-16) were detected in hepatopancreas and gill of LvSAHH-knockdown SAHH. LvRack1, LvToll1, LvToll2, LvToll3 and LvIL-16 transcripts were decreased significantly in LvSAHH-knockdown shrimp at 24 h post V. alginolyticus stimulation in hepatopancreas and gill. But LvToll3 was no significant difference in gill. In summary, these results indicated that LvSAHH may play a regulatory role in the invertebrate innate immune defense by regulating TLR and IL-16 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingJian Liang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - MuFei Ou
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - YingHao Ren
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - ZeNa Yao
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Rui Hu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - JieZhen Li
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Weina Wang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China.
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Ponnaluri VKC, Estève PO, Ruse CI, Pradhan S. S-adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Participates in DNA Methylation Inheritance. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:2051-2065. [PMID: 29758262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is essential for mammalian development and maintenance of DNA methylation following DNA replication in cells. The DNA methylation process generates S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine, a strong inhibitor of DNMT1. Here we report that S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH/AHCY), the only mammalian enzyme capable of hydrolyzing S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine binds to DNMT1 during DNA replication. SAHH enhances DNMT1 activity in vitro, and its overexpression in mammalian cells led to hypermethylation of the genome, whereas its inhibition by adenosine periodate or siRNA-mediated knockdown resulted in hypomethylation of the genome. Hypermethylation was consistent in both gene bodies and repetitive DNA elements leading to aberrant gene regulation. Cells overexpressing SAHH specifically up-regulated metabolic pathway genes and down-regulated PPAR and MAPK signaling pathways genes. Therefore, we suggest that alteration of SAHH level affects global DNA methylation levels and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristian I Ruse
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | - Sriharsa Pradhan
- New England Biolabs Inc, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA.
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Puyaubert J, Fares A, Rézé N, Peltier JB, Baudouin E. Identification of endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis plantlets: effect of cold stress on cysteine nitrosylation level. Plant Sci 2014; 215-216:150-6. [PMID: 24388526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation is a nitric oxide (NO)-based post-translational modification regulating protein function and signalling. We used a combination between the biotin switch method and labelling with isotope-coded affinity tag to identify endogenously S-nitrosylated peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana proteins extracted from plantlets. The relative level of S-nitrosylation in the identified peptides was compared between unstressed and cold-stress seedlings. We thereby detected 62 endogenously nitrosylated peptides out of which 20 are over-nitrosylated following cold exposure. Taken together these data provide a new repertoire of endogenously S-nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis with cysteine S-nitrosylation site. Furthermore they highlight the quantitative modification of the S-nitrosylation status of specific cysteine following cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Puyaubert
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Abasse Fares
- INRA, UR1199, Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Rézé
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Peltier
- INRA, UR1199, Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, 34060 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Baudouin
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UR 5, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, EAC 7180, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes, F-75005 Paris, France
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Frau M, Feo F, Pascale RM. Pleiotropic effects of methionine adenosyltransferases deregulation as determinants of liver cancer progression and prognosis. J Hepatol 2013; 59:830-41. [PMID: 23665184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Downregulation of liver-specific MAT1A gene, encoding S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesizing isozymes MATI/III, and upregulation of widely expressed MAT2A, encoding MATII isozyme, known as MAT1A:MAT2A switch, occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Being inhibited by its reaction product, MATII isoform upregulation cannot compensate for MATI/III decrease. Therefore, MAT1A:MAT2A switch contributes to decrease in SAM level in rodent and human hepatocarcinogenesis. SAM administration to carcinogen-treated rats prevents hepatocarcinogenesis, whereas MAT1A-KO mice, characterized by chronic SAM deficiency, exhibit macrovesicular steatosis, mononuclear cell infiltration in periportal areas, and HCC development. This review focuses upon the pleiotropic changes, induced by MAT1A/MAT2A switch, associated with HCC development. Epigenetic control of MATs expression occurs at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In HCC cells, MAT1A/MAT2A switch is associated with global DNA hypomethylation, decrease in DNA repair, genomic instability, and signaling deregulation including c-MYC overexpression, rise in polyamine synthesis, upregulation of RAS/ERK, IKK/NF-kB, PI3K/AKT, and LKB1/AMPK axis. Furthermore, decrease in MAT1A expression and SAM levels results in increased HCC cell proliferation, cell survival, and microvascularization. All of these changes are reversed by SAM treatment in vivo or forced MAT1A overexpression or MAT2A inhibition in cultured HCC cells. In human HCC, MAT1A:MAT2A and MATI/III:MATII ratios correlate negatively with cell proliferation and genomic instability, and positively with apoptosis and global DNA methylation. This suggests that SAM decrease and MATs deregulation represent potential therapeutic targets for HCC. Finally, MATI/III:MATII ratio strongly predicts patients' survival length suggesting that MAT1A:MAT2A expression ratio is a putative prognostic marker for human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Frau
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Iacobazzi V, Castegna A, Infantino V, Andria G. Mitochondrial DNA methylation as a next-generation biomarker and diagnostic tool. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 110:25-34. [PMID: 23920043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent expansion of our knowledge on epigenetic changes strongly suggests that not only nuclear DNA (nDNA), but also mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may be subjected to epigenetic modifications related to disease development, environmental exposure, drug treatment and aging. Thus, mtDNA methylation is attracting increasing attention as a potential biomarker for the detection and diagnosis of diseases and the understanding of cellular behavior in particular conditions. In this paper we review the current advances in mtDNA methylation studies with particular attention to the evidences of mtDNA methylation changes in diseases and physiological conditions so far investigated. Technological advances for the analysis of epigenetic variations are promising tools to provide insights into methylation of mtDNA with similar resolution levels as those reached for nDNA. However, many aspects related to mtDNA methylation are still unclear. More studies are needed to understand whether and how changes in mtDNA methylation patterns, global and gene specific, are associated to diseases or risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Iacobazzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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