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Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhao T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Huang H, Zeng Y. Radiative Thermal Management in Face Masks with a Micro/Nanofibrous Filter. Nano Lett 2024; 24:4462-4470. [PMID: 38574275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Micro/nanofiber-based face masks are recommended as personal protective equipment (PPE) against particulate matter (PM), especially PM0.3. Ensuring thermal comfort in daily use face masks is essential in many situations. Here, radiative thermal management is introduced into face masks to elevate the user comfort. An interlayered poly(lactic acid) (PLA) micro/nanofibrous filter effectively captures PM0.3 (99.69%) with minimal pressure drop (49 Pa). Thermal regulation is accomplished by controlling the mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity of the face mask's outer surface. Cooling face masks feature cotton nonwovens with high MIR emissivity (90.7%) for heat dissipation, while warming face masks utilize perforated Al/PE films with minimal MIR emissivity (10.7%) for warmth retention. Skin temperature measurements indicate that the skin covered by the cooling face mask could be 1.1 °C lower than that covered by the 3M face mask, while the skin covered by the warming face mask could be 1.3 °C higher than that covered by the 3M face mask.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Xu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tienan Zhao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yongchun Zeng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Cowan K, Semmens EO, Lee JY, Walker ES, Smith PG, Fu L, Singleton R, Cox SM, Faiella J, Chassereau L, Lawrence L, Ying J, Baldner J, Garza M, Annett R, Chervinskiy SK, Snowden J. Bronchiolitis recovery and the use of High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters (The BREATHE Study): study protocol for a multi-center, parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Trials 2024; 25:197. [PMID: 38504367 PMCID: PMC10953277 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization of infants in the USA. Infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for recurrent respiratory symptoms and wheeze in the subsequent year, and longer-term adverse respiratory outcomes such as persistent childhood asthma. There are no effective secondary prevention strategies. Multiple factors, including air pollutant exposure, contribute to risk of adverse respiratory outcomes in these infants. Improvement in indoor air quality following hospitalization for bronchiolitis may be a prevention opportunity to reduce symptom burden. Use of stand-alone high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration units is a simple method to reduce particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5), a common component of household air pollution that is strongly linked to health effects. METHODS BREATHE is a multi-center, parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Two hundred twenty-eight children < 12 months of age hospitalized for the first time with bronchiolitis will participate. Children will be randomized 1:1 to receive a 24-week home intervention with filtration units containing HEPA and carbon filters (in the child's sleep space and a common room) or to a control group with units that do not contain HEPA and carbon filters. The primary objective is to determine if use of HEPA filtration units reduces respiratory symptom burden for 24 weeks compared to use of control units. Secondary objectives are to assess the efficacy of the HEPA intervention relative to control on (1) number of unscheduled healthcare visits for respiratory complaints, (2) child quality of life, and (3) average PM2.5 levels in the home. DISCUSSION We propose to test the use of HEPA filtration to improve indoor air quality as a strategy to reduce post-bronchiolitis respiratory symptom burden in at-risk infants with severe bronchiolitis. If the intervention proves successful, this trial will support use of HEPA filtration for children with bronchiolitis to reduce respiratory symptom burden following hospitalization. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05615870. Registered on November 14, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Cowan
- Department of Pediatrics, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, 111 Colchester Ave, Smith 5, Burlington, VT, 05403, USA.
| | - Erin O Semmens
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, 177 Skaggs, Missoula, MT, 59812-2016, USA
| | - Jeannette Y Lee
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, #781, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ethan S Walker
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, 177 Skaggs, Missoula, MT, 59812-2016, USA
| | - Paul G Smith
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, 177 Skaggs, Missoula, MT, 59812-2016, USA
| | - Linda Fu
- National Institutes of Health Environmental Influences On Child, Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, 11601, Landsdown Street, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Rosalyn Singleton
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, AIP-CDC, 4055 Tudor Centre Drive, Anchorage, AK, 99508, USA
| | - Sara McClure Cox
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, 177 Skaggs, Missoula, MT, 59812-2016, USA
| | - Jennifer Faiella
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, 177 Skaggs, Missoula, MT, 59812-2016, USA
| | - Laurie Chassereau
- University of Vermont, Given C421, 89 Beaumont Ave, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Lora Lawrence
- IDeA States Pediatric Network Data Coordination and Operations Center, 13 Children's Way, Slot 512-35, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Mail Stop F496, Academic Office One L15-3407, 12631 E 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jaime Baldner
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Maryam Garza
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Robert Annett
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Sheva K Chervinskiy
- Cook Children's Department of Immunology, 1500 Cooper St, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA
| | - Jessica Snowden
- IDeA States Pediatric Network Data Coordination and Operations Center, 13 Children's Way, Slot 512-35, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
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Srikrishna D. Pentagon Found Daily, Metagenomic Detection of Novel Bioaerosol Threats to Be Cost-Prohibitive: Can Virtualization and AI Make It Cost-Effective? Health Secur 2024; 22:108-129. [PMID: 38625036 DOI: 10.1089/hs.2023.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2022, the Pentagon Force Protection Agency found threat agnostic detection of novel bioaerosol threats to be "not feasible for daily operations" due to the cost of reagents used for metagenomics, cost of sequencing instruments, and cost of labor for subject matter experts to analyze bioinformatics. Similar operational difficulties might extend to many of the 280,000 buildings (totaling 2.3 billion square feet) at 5,000 secure US Department of Defense military sites, 250 Navy ships, as well as many civilian buildings. These economic barriers can still be addressed in a threat agnostic manner by dynamically pooling samples from dry filter units, called spike-triggered virtualization, whereby pooling and sequencing depth are automatically modulated based on novel biothreats in the sequencing output. By running at a high average pooling factor, the daily and annual cost per dry filter unit can be reduced by 10 to 100 times depending on the chosen trigger thresholds. Artificial intelligence can further enhance the sensitivity of spike-triggered virtualization. The risk of infection during the 12- to 24-hour window between a bioaerosol incident and its detection remains, but in some cases it can be reduced by 80% or more with high-speed indoor air cleaning exceeding 12 air changes per hour, which is similar to the rate of air cleaning in passenger airplanes in flight. That level of air changes per hour or higher is likely to be cost-prohibitive using central heating ventilation and air conditioning systems, but it can be achieved economically by using portable air filtration in rooms with typical ceiling heights (less than 10 feet) for a cost of approximately $0.50 to $1 per square foot for do-it-yourself units and $2 to $5 per square foot for high-efficiency particulate air filters.
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Ashori A, Sepahvand S, Jonoobi M. Development of biodegradable nanofiber filters based on surface-modified cellulose nanofibers with graphene oxide for high removal of airborne particulate matter. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129687. [PMID: 38272414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter is a pressing environmental and public health concern globally. This study aimed to develop sustainable filtration materials from cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) modified with graphene oxide (GO) to capture fine particulates from air effectively. CNFs were extracted from α-cellulose via mechanical grinding and modified with 0.5-1.5 wt% GO solution by ultrasonication to produce CNF-GO nanocomposites. These were freeze-dried into highly porous, lightweight aerogels for air filtration applications. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed GO incorporation through hydroxyl group interactions. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a porous 3D network with reduced porosity after GO addition due to pore blocking. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the cellulose I crystal structure was retained after modification. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements indicated increased density but decreased surface area and pore volume with GO loading. The thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated improved thermal stability with GO incorporation due to oxidative reactions and a barrier effect. The particulate absorption efficiency markedly increased from 86.37 % to 99.98 % for CNFs modified with 1.5 wt% GO due to the high surface area, surface oxygen functionalities, and nanoplatelet morphology of GO. The nanofiber filters with 1.5 wt% GO exhibited a maximum absorption efficiency of 99.98 % and a quality factor of 0.0912 Pa-1. Although GO reduced biodegradability, substantial degradation occurred under soil conditions. Overall, the sustainable, high-efficiency CNF-GO air filters developed in this work demonstrate immense promise for controlling air pollution and protecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ashori
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sima Sepahvand
- Department of Bio Systems, Faculty of New Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, Zirab Campus, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jonoobi
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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5
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Yang T, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Ke L, Zhu J, Huang R, Li S, Zhu Y, Zhang S, Zhong GJ, Xu H. Nanopatterning of beaded poly(lactic acid) nanofibers for highly electroactive, breathable, UV-shielding and antibacterial protective membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129566. [PMID: 38253148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite great potential in fabrication of biodegradable protective membranes by electrospinning of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers, it is still thwarted by smooth surfaces and poor electroactivity that challenge the promotion of electret properties and long-term air filtration performance. Here, a microwave-assisted synthetic method was used to customize dielectric TiO2 nanocrystals of ultrasmall and uniform dimensions (∼30 nm), which were homogeneously embedded at beaded PLA nanofibers (PLA@TiO2, diameter of around 280 nm) by the combined "electrospinning-electrospray" approach. With small amounts of TiO2 (2, 4 and 6 wt%), the nanopatterned PLA@TiO2 nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) were characterized by largely increased dielectric constants (nearly 1.9), surface potential (up to 1.63 kV) and triboelectric properties (output voltage of 12.2 V). Arising from the improved electroactivity and self-charging mechanisms, the nanopatterned PLA@TiO2 NFMs exhibited remarkable PM0.3 filtration properties (97.9 %, 254.6 Pa) even at the highest airflow rate of 85 L/min, surpassing those of pure PLA membranes (86.2 %, 483.7 Pa). This was moreover accompanied by inhibition rates of 100 % against both E. coli and S. aureus, as well as excellent UV-blocking properties (UPF as high as 3.8, TUVA of 50.9 % and TUVB of 20.1 %). The breathable and electroactive nanopatterned PLA NFMs permit promising applications in multifunctional protective membranes toward excellent UV shielding and high-efficiency removal of both PMs and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xuanjin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Lv Ke
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jintuo Zhu
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Rongting Huang
- School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China
| | - Shihang Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, Carbon Neutrality Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China.
| | - Yabo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Gan-Ji Zhong
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huan Xu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Dust Control and Occupational Protection, Xuzhou 221008, China; College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Xu X, Liu S, Liu X, Yu J, Ding B. Engineering self-assembled 2D nano-network membranes through hierarchical phase separation for efficient air filtration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 657:463-471. [PMID: 38070332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution has garnered significant worldwide attention; however, the existing air filtration materials still suffer from issues related to monotonous structure and the inherent trade-off between PM rejection and air permeability. Herein, a spider web-inspired composite membrane with continuous monolayer structured 2D nano-networks tightly welded on nanofibers in the electrospun membrane scaffold is designed via a hierarchical phase separation strategy. The resultant biomimetic hierarchical-structured membranes possess the integrated features of hierarchical multiscale structures of 2D ultrafine networks composed of nanowires with a diameter of 31 nm self-assembled by nanoparticles, exceptional characteristics involving small average aperture, extremely low network thickness, high porosity and promising pore channel connectivity, combined with rich surface polar functional groups (3.02D dipole moment). Consequently, the composite membrane exhibits a high PM0.3 capture efficiency of 99.6 % and low pressure drop of 58.8 Pa, less than 0.06 % of atmosphere pressure, with outstanding long-term PM2.5 recycling filtration performance. The hierarchical phase separation-driven 2D nano-networks construction strategy, by virtue of their feasibility and tunability, holds great promise for widespread application across diverse membrane-related domains for air filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Shude Liu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China.
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China.
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7
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Shao Z, Xie J, Jiang J, Shen R, Gui Z, Li H, Wang X, Li W, Guo S, Liu Y, Zheng G. Research on topological effect of natural small molecule and high-performance antibacterial air filtration application by electrospinning. Sci Total Environ 2024; 909:168654. [PMID: 37979876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The application of natural small molecule (NSM) in electrospun fibers is the key to achieving powerful functionality and sustainable development. However, the lack of understanding regarding the mechanism for loading NSM hinders the advancement of high-performance functional fibers. This work clarified the loading mechanism of NSM in polymer solution by comparing the different behaviors of curcumin (Cur), phloretin (PL), and tea polyphenols (TP) blended ethyl cellulose (EC) solutions. We found that TP may lead to the folding of polymer chains due to its strongest hydrogen bond, which in turn promoted the dispersion of TP along the polymer chain. Therefore, TP could achieve good electrospinnability at the highest loading capacity (16 times the Cur and 4 times the PL). Finally, chitosan was introduced into EC/TP to prepare tree-like nanofibers, achieving high-performance antibacterial air filtration. The filtration efficiency for 0.3 μm NaCl particles, pressure drop, and quality factor were 99.991 %, 85.5 Pa, and 0.1089 Pa-1, respectively. The bacteriostatic rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were all 99.99 %. This work will promote the application of NSM and the developments of multifunctional electrospun fibers and high-performance air filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zungui Shao
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Junjie Xie
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiaxin Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Ruimin Shen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zeqian Gui
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Haonan Li
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wenwang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Shumin Guo
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Sepahvand S, Ashori A, Jonoobi M. Cellulose nanofiber aerogels modified with titanium dioxide nanoparticles as high-performance nanofiltration materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128204. [PMID: 37979763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a major environmental and public health issue. Each year, large amounts of particulate matter (PM) and other harmful pollutants are released into the atmosphere. Conventional polymer nanofiber filters lack the functionality to capture ultrafine PM. As a sustainable alternative, this work developed titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle surface-modified cellulose nanofiber (CNF) aerogels for PM2.5 filtration. CNFs were extracted via mechanical disintegration to diameters below 100 nm. The nanofibers were functionalized with 1.0-2.5 wt% TiO2 nanoparticles using citric acid cross-linking. Cylindrical aerogels were fabricated by freezing and lyophilizing aqueous suspensions. Structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties were characterized. TiO2 modification increased density (11.8-19.7 mg/cm3), specific surface area (287-370 m2/g), and Young's modulus (33.5-125.5 kPa) but decreased porosity (99.6 %-97.7 %), pore size (20.2-15.6 nm) and thermal stability compared to unmodified cellulose aerogels. At 2.5 wt% loading, the optimized aerogels achieved 100 % absorption of 0.1-5 μm particulates owing to reduced pore size. Despite enhanced filtration capabilities, the modified CNF aerogels retained inherent biodegradability, degrading over 70 % within one month of soil burial. This pioneering research establishes TiO2 functionalized CNF aerogels as promising sustainable alternatives to traditional petroleum-based air filters, representing an innovative approach to creating next-generation nanofiltration materials capable of effectively capturing fine and ultrafine particulate matter pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Sepahvand
- Department of Bio Systems, Faculty of New Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, Zirab Campus, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ashori
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Jonoobi
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Wang G, Xiao D, Fang Y, Ning G, Ye J. Polarity-dominated chitosan biguanide hydrochloride-based nanofibrous membrane with antibacterial activity for long-lasting air filtration. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127729. [PMID: 38287566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Facemasks play a significant role as personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their longevity is limited by the easy dissipation of electrostatic charge and the accumulation of bacteria. In this study, nanofibrous membranes composed of polyacrylonitrile and chitosan biguanide hydrochloride (PAN@CGH) with remarkable antibacterial characteristics were prepared through the coaxial electrospinning process. Particulate matter could be efficiently captured by the fibrous membrane, up to 98 % or more, via polarity-dominated forces derived from cyano and amino groups. As compared commercial N95 masks, the PAN@CGH was more resistant to a wider variety of disinfection protocols. Additionally, the nanofibrous membrane could kill >99.99 % of both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on these characteristics, PAN@CGH nanofibrous membrane was applied to facial mask, which possessed an excellent and long-lasting effect on the capture of airborne particles. This work may be one of the most promising strategies on designing high-performance face masks for public health protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Dingwen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Yueguang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China
| | - Guiling Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China; Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, PR China
| | - Junwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116012, PR China; Engineering Laboratory of Boric and Magnesic Functional Material Preparative and Applied Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, PR China.
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10
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Brainard J, Jones NR, Swindells IC, Archer EJ, Kolyva A, Letley C, Pond K, Lake IR, Hunter PR. Effectiveness of filtering or decontaminating air to reduce or prevent respiratory infections: A systematic review. Prev Med 2023; 177:107774. [PMID: 37992976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2023.107774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Installation of technologies to remove or deactivate respiratory pathogens from indoor air is a plausible non-pharmaceutical infectious disease control strategy. OBJECTIVE We undertook a systematic review of worldwide observational and experimental studies, published 1970-2022, to synthesise evidence about the effectiveness of suitable indoor air treatment technologies to prevent respiratory or gastrointestinal infections. METHODS We searched for data about infection and symptom outcomes for persons who spent minimum 20 h/week in shared indoor spaces subjected to air treatment strategies hypothesised to change risk of respiratory or gastrointestinal infections or symptoms. RESULTS Pooled data from 32 included studies suggested no net benefits of air treatment technologies for symptom severity or symptom presence, in absence of confirmed infection. Infection incidence was lower in three cohort studies for persons exposed to high efficiency particulate air filtration (RR 0.4, 95%CI 0.28-0.58, p < 0.001) and in one cohort study that combined ionisers with electrostatic nano filtration (RR 0.08, 95%CI 0.01-0.60, p = 0.01); other types of air treatment technologies and air treatment in other study designs were not strongly linked to fewer infections. The infection outcome data exhibited strong publication bias. CONCLUSIONS Although environmental and surface samples are reduced after air treatment by several air treatment strategies, especially germicidal lights and high efficiency particulate air filtration, robust evidence has yet to emerge that these technologies are effective at reducing respiratory or gastrointestinal infections in real world settings. Data from several randomised trials have yet to report and will be welcome to the evidence base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julii Brainard
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Natalia R Jones
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | | | - Elizabeth J Archer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Anastasia Kolyva
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Trust, Norwich NR4 7UY, UK.
| | - Charlotte Letley
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Katharine Pond
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Iain R Lake
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Paul R Hunter
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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11
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Oliveira da Silva FM, da Silva LGM, Justi AC, Rodrigues MV, Aguiar ML. Use of hybrid filters to optimize the process of the filtration in cement particles. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21808. [PMID: 38034703 PMCID: PMC10684383 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to growing concern about air pollution and its harmful effects on the health of the population, especially in regard to sub-micrometric particles, some studies have reported that applying an electric field to particle suspensions can improve filter performance by enhancing the deposition of particles in the filter medium. This can result in better particulate retention, which is particularly important for industrial processes such as cement production. The objective of this study was to investigate the behavior of cement particles with electrostatic charges during cake formation in fabric filters. The particles (with a d50 % of 17 μm) were generated using a dust feeder at a flow rate of 0.083 kg s-1. The fiberglass filter medium was subjected to filtration tests with constant dust concentrations (9-12 g.m-³) and air surface velocities (6 cm.s-1and 10 cm s-1) until the pressure drop reached the maximum value of 400 Pa. The electrostatic precipitator utilized discharge voltages of 0, 4, 10, and 12 kV. The particles were initially passed through the electrostatic precipitator to become charged with voltages of 0, 4, 10, and 12 kV applied. The results indicated a reduction in pressure drop of up to 55 %. The study observed a change in the deposition behavior of particles on the filter medium surface and in the filter cake formation, demonstrating that the electrostatic charge improves air filtration performance, resulting in higher efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana C.A. Justi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Mônica L. Aguiar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil
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12
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Zhang J, Lu Q, Ni R, Shi Y, Duan S, Ma J, Hu Y, Hu W, Ke Q, Zhao Y. Spiral grass inspired eco-friendly zein fibrous membrane for multi-efficient air purification. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125512. [PMID: 37353121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, one of the severest threats to public health, may lead to cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses. In order to cope with the deteriorating air pollutant, there is an increasing demand for filters with high purification efficiency, but it's tough to strike a balance between efficiency and resistance. Fabricating an eco-friendly fibrous filter which can capture both PM2.5 and gaseous chemical hazards with high efficiency but under ultra-low resistance is a long-term challenge. Herein, inspired by the interesting ribbon shape of spiral grass, a green and robust 3D nonwoven membrane with controllable hierarchical structure made of self-curved zein nanofibers modified by zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) via bi-solvent electrospinning and fumigation welding method was fabricated. The obtained ZIF-8 modified zein membranes showed extraordinary overall performance with high PM2.5 removal efficiency (99.04 %) at a low stress drop (54.87 Pa), first-rate formaldehyde removal efficiency (98.8 %) and excellent photocatalytic antibacterial. In addition, the relatively weak mechanical properties of zein fibrous membranes have been improved via solvent fumigation welding of the joint zein fibers. This study provides a green and convenient insight to the manufacturing of environmentally-friendly zein fibrous membranes with high filtration efficiency, low air resistance and high formaldehyde removal for sustainable air remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qianzhi Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ruiyan Ni
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yihan Shi
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuxia Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical and Protective Products, China
| | - Jiajia Ma
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wenfeng Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; School of Fashion Engineering Central Laboratory, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Qinfei Ke
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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13
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Zhang X, Liu J, Liu C. A novel slip-velocity model to simulate the filtration performance of nanofiber media. Process Saf Environ Prot 2023; 174:548-560. [PMID: 37096180 PMCID: PMC10116123 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2023.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aerosols such as PM2.5 and PM10 can have an immense impact on human health. With the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, it is urgent to filter aerosols by media filtration technology. Electrospun nanofibers are a promising material for achieving high efficiency, low resistance, light weight, and environmentally friendly air filtration. But research on filtration theory and computer simulation of nanofiber media is still lacking. The traditional method involving computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Maxwell's first-order slip boundary overestimates the slip velocity on the fiber surface. In this study, a new modified slip boundary was proposed, which introduced a slip velocity coefficient on the basis of the no-slip boundary to address the slip wall. Our simulation results were compared with the experimental pressure drop and particle capture efficiency of real polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber media. The computational accuracy on pressure drop of the modified slip boundary improved 24.6% and 11.2% compared with that of the no-slip boundary and Maxwell's first-order slip boundary, respectively. It was found that the particle capture efficiency near the most-penetrating particle size (MPPS) was significantly increased when slip effect occurred. This may be explained by the slip velocity on the fiber surface, which would make particles more accessible to the fiber surface and captured by interception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chaojun Liu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Zhejiang Goldensea Environment Technology Co. Ltd., Zhuji 311817, Zhejiang, China
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14
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Yang Y, Yang Y, Huang J, Li S, Meng Z, Cai W, Lai Y. Electrospun Nanocomposite Fibrous Membranes for Sustainable Face Mask Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator with High Air Filtration Efficiency. Adv Fiber Mater 2023; 5:1-14. [PMID: 37361106 PMCID: PMC10184097 DOI: 10.1007/s42765-023-00299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Air pollution caused by the rapid development of industry has always been a great issue to the environment and human being's health. However, the efficient and persistent filtration to PM0.3 remains a great challenge. Herein, a self-powered filter with micro-nano composite structure composed of polybutanediol succinate (PBS) nanofiber membrane and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber/polystyrene (PS) microfiber hybrid mats was prepared by electrospinning. The balance between pressure drop and filtration efficiency was achieved through the combination of PAN and PS. In addition, an arched TENG structure was created using the PAN nanofiber/PS microfiber composite mat and PBS fiber membrane. Driven by respiration, the two fiber membranes with large difference in electronegativity achieved contact friction charging cycles. The open-circuit voltage of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can reach to about 8 V, and thus the high filtration efficiency for particles was achieved by the electrostatic capturing. After contact charging, the filtration efficiency of the fiber membrane for PM0.3 can reach more than 98% in harsh environments with a PM2.5 mass concentration of 23,000 µg/m3, and the pressure drop is about 50 Pa, which doesn't affect people's normal breathing. Meanwhile, the TENG can realize self-powered supply by continuously contacting and separating the fiber membrane driven by respiration, which can ensure the long-term stability of filtration efficiency. The filter mask can maintain a high filtration efficiency (99.4%) of PM0.3 for 48 consecutive hours in daily environments. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42765-023-00299-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 362801 Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianying Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 362801 Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, WC1H 0AJ UK
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Zhejiang 325000 Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, 201620 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weilong Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 362801 Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, 362801 Quanzhou, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Li Z, Wang S, Jia M, Wang X, Cao B, Liu Y, Kang W. Electrospun PA6 multi-stage structured nanofiber membrane with high filtration performance for oily particles. Environ Technol 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37166472 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTOily particles pollution poses a tremendous threat to people's health, so it is urgent to develop air filtration materials with the ability of removing fine oily particles effectively. In this study, a nylon 6 multi-stage structured nanofiber membrane (PA6 MSNM) for effective air filtration of fine oily particles was designed and fabricated by adding a certain amount of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAHP) via one-step electrospinning. The PA6 MSNMs were composed of coarse trunk fibers and fine branching fibers. Benefiting from the properties of small pore size and high porosity, the resulting PA6 MSNMs exhibited high average filtration efficiency of 99.80% for oily aerosol particles of 0.20 to 4.59 μm, a low pressure drop of 251 Pa, and the high quality factor of 0.0248 Pa-1. More importantly, its filtration efficiencies for oily aerosol particles of 0.25 μm and 0.30 μm were up to 99.99% and 100.00%, respectively. It is expected that the multi-stage electrospun nanofiber membranes would have wide application prospects in air filtration, particularly for filtering oily particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Shuye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Mengge Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Bao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Weimin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
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16
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Ghosh N, De J, Choudhury AR. Experimentation and Mathematical Modelling of Process Parameters for Prevention of Infectious Disease Caused by Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria in Indoor Environment. Water Air Soil Pollut 2023; 234:317. [PMID: 37192998 PMCID: PMC10162909 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-023-06333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Performance optimization using process parameters of an indoor air filtration system is a requirement that has to be established through experimental and analytical means for increasing machine efficacy. A closed casing containing a motor-driven blower is placed in a glass-encapsulated control volume. Air flows axially through an inlet filter and is thrown radially by the blower. In the radial path, air is treated with free radicals from the UVC-irradiated nano-TiO2 coated in the inner wall of casing. A known quantity of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is populated (Courtesy: EFRAC Laboratories) in the glass-encapsulated control volume. The bacterial colony count is measured at different time intervals after the machine is switched on. Machine learning approaches are applied to develop a hypothesis space and the hypothesis based on best R2 score is used as a fitness function in genetic algorithm to find the optimal values of input parameters. The present research aims to determine the optimum time for which the setup is operated, the optimum air flow velocity in the chamber, the optimum setup-chamber-turning-radius affecting the air flow chaos, and the optimum UVC tube wattage, which when maintained yields the maximum reduction in bacterial colony count. The optimal values of the process parameters were obtained from genetic algorithm using the hypothesis obtained from multivariate polynomial regression. A reduction of 91.41% in bacterial colony count was observed in the confirmation run upon running the air filter in the optimal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Ghosh
- Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institutes of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal India
| | - Jhumpa De
- Academy of Technology, Hooghly, West Bengal India
| | - Amit Roy Choudhury
- Department of Aerospace and Applied Mechanics, Indian Institutes of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal India
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17
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Yang L, Niu C, Cao X, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Sun H, Liang W, Li J, Li A. Mechanically robust conjugated microporous polymer membranes prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) electrospun nanofibers as a template for efficient PM capture. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:305-316. [PMID: 36706726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has become a challenging environmental problem worldwide due to rapid industrial development and excessive emissions of vehicle exhaust. Herein, we report a preparation of conjugated microporous polymer membranes (CMPM) with a hierarchical porous structure by electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers as a template for effective removal of PM from airborne and vehicle exhaust. CMP membranes have hierarchical holes, where the macropores are from electrospun nanofiber membranes and the mesopores are from polymer synthesis. Taking advantage of its inherent physicochemical and thermal stability and hierarchical hole characteristics, the CMPM-based filter can work continuously for up to 36 h and still maintains a high removal efficiency (>99.56%), and also has a high filtration efficiency in the treatment of vehicle exhausts, with 95.18% for PM0.3, 98% for PM0.5 and >99% for PM2.5-10.0. The superior mechanical properties of CMPM allow the filter to be cleaned and reused. After three cycles, the filtration effectiveness of CMPM is still 94.83% for respirable particulate matter. Under high humidity (RH ≥ 95%) conditions, the CMPM-based filter showed higher than 95.37% filtration of PM0.3-10, and the oil adsorption rate could be maintained at 284% at high speed, proving the great potential of CMPM to clean air in complex situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Yang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Cheng Niu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaoyin Cao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yunjia Wang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Hanxue Sun
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Weidong Liang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Jiyan Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - An Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Langongping Road 287, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
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18
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Butler MJ, Sloof D, Peters C, Conway Morris A, Gouliouris T, Thaxter R, Keevil VL, Beggs CB. Impact of supplementary air filtration on aerosols and particulate matter in a UK hospital ward: a case study. J Hosp Infect 2023; 135:81-89. [PMID: 36842537 PMCID: PMC9957342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerosol spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a major problem in hospitals, leading to an increase in supplementary high-efficiency particulate air filtration aimed at reducing nosocomial transmission. This article reports a natural experiment that occurred when an air cleaning unit (ACU) on a medicine for older people ward was switched off accidentally while being commissioned. AIM To assess aerosol transport within the ward and determine whether the ACU reduced airborne particulate matter (PM) levels. METHODS An ACU was placed in a ward comprising two six-bedded bays plus three single-bed isolation rooms which had previously experienced several outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019. During commissioning, real-time measurements of key indoor air quality parameters (PM1-10, CO2, temperature and humidity) were collected from multiple sensors over 2 days. During this period, the ACU was switched off accidentally for approximately 7 h, allowing the impact of the intervention on PM to be assessed. FINDINGS The ACU reduced the PM counts considerably (e.g. PM1 65.5-78.2%) throughout the ward (P<0.001 all sizes), with positive correlation found for all PM fractions and CO2 (r=0.343-0.817; all P<0.001). PM counts rose/fell simultaneously when the ACU was off, with correlation of PM signals from multiple locations (e.g. r=0.343-0.868; all P<0.001) for particulates <1 μm). CONCLUSION Aerosols migrated rapidly between the various ward subcompartments, suggesting that social distancing alone cannot prevent nosocomial transmission of SARS-CoV-2 as this fails to mitigate longer-range (>2 m) transmission. The ACU reduced PM levels considerably throughout the ward space, indicating its potential as an effective intervention to reduce the risk posed by infectious airborne particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Butler
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Sloof
- AirPurity UK, Ltd, Cambridge, UK
| | - C Peters
- Department of Microbiology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Conway Morris
- John V Farman Intensive Care Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK; Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Gouliouris
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Thaxter
- Infection Prevention and Control, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - V L Keevil
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - C B Beggs
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK; Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.
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19
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Lou Z, Wang L, Yu K, Wei Q, Hussain T, Xia X, Zhou H. Electrospun PVB/AVE NMs as mask filter layer for win-win effects of filtration and antibacterial activity. J Memb Sci 2023; 672:121473. [PMID: 36785656 PMCID: PMC9908571 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious social and public health problems. In the field of personal protection, the facial masks can prevent infectious respiratory diseases, safeguard human health, and promote public safety. Herein, we focused on preparing a core filter layer for masks using electrospun polyvinyl butyral/apocynum venetum extract nanofibrous membranes (PVB/AVE NMs), with durable interception efficiency and antibacterial properties. In the spinning solution, AVE acted as a salt to improve electrical conductivity, and achieve long-lasting interception efficiency with adjustable pore size. It also played the role of an antibacterial agent in PVB/AVE NMs to achieve win-win effects. The hydrophobicity of PVB-AVE-6% was 120.9° whereas its filterability reached 98.3% when the pressure drop resistance was 142 Pa. PVB-AVE-6% exhibited intriguing properties with great antibacterial rates of 99.38% and 98.96% against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. After a prolonged usability test of 8 h, the filtration efficiency of the PVB/AVE masks remained stable at over 97.7%. Furthermore, the antibacterial rates of the PVB/AVE masks on S. aureus and E. coli were 96.87% and 96.20% respectively, after using for 2 d. These results indicate that PVB/AVE NMs improve the protective performance of ordinary disposable masks, which has certain application in air filtration.
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Key Words
- AVE, apocynum venetum extract
- Air filtration
- Antibacterial properties
- Apocynum venetum extract
- CNF, cellulose nanofibres
- PA, polyamide
- PAN, polyacrylonitrile
- PLA, poly(lactic acid)
- PVB, polyvinyl butyral
- PVB/AVE NMs, polyvinyl butyral/apocynum venetum extract nanofibrous membranes
- PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride
- Protective masks
- QF, quality factor
- WCA, water contact angle
- Win-win effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyushuang Lou
- College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, Urumchi, 830046, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, Urumchi, 830046, China
| | - Kefei Yu
- College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, Urumchi, 830046, China
| | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Textile Processing Department, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan
| | - Xin Xia
- College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, Urumchi, 830046, China,Corresponding author
| | - Huimin Zhou
- College of Textile and Clothing, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, Urumchi, 830046, China,Corresponding author
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20
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Li Y, Hua Y, Ji Z, Wu Z, Fan J, Liu Y. Dual-bionic nano-groove structured nanofibers for breathable and moisture-wicking protective respirators. J Memb Sci 2023; 672:121257. [PMID: 36593802 PMCID: PMC9797220 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic makes protective respirators highly demanded. The respirator materials should filter out viral fine aerosols effectively, allow airflow to pass through easily, and wick away the exhalant moisture timely. However, the commonly used melt-blown nonwovens perform poorly in meeting these requirements simultaneously. Herein, dual-bionic nano-groove structured (NGS) nanofibers are fabricated to serve as protective, breathable and moisture-wicking respirator materials. The creativity of this design is that the tailoring of dual-bionic nano-groove structure, combined with the strong polarity and hydrophilicity of electrospinning polymer, not only endows the nanofibrous materials with improved particle capture ability but also enable them to wick away and transmit breathing moisture. Benefitting from the synthetic effect of hierarchical structure and the intrinsic property of polymers, the resulting NGS nanofibrous membranes show a high filtration efficiency of 99.96%, a low pressure drop of 110 Pa, and a high moisture transmission rate of 5.67 kg m-2 d-1 at the same time. More importantly, the sharp increase of breathing resistance caused by the condensation of exhaled moisture is avoided, overcoming the bottleneck faced by traditional nonwovens and paving a new way for developing protective respirators with high wear comfortability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yuezhen Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zekai Ji
- Nantong Bolian Material Technology Co, Ltd, Nantong, 226010, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Nantong Bolian Material Technology Co, Ltd, Nantong, 226010, China
| | - Jie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
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21
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Métris KL, Métris J. Aircraft surveys for air eDNA: probing biodiversity in the sky. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15171. [PMID: 37077310 PMCID: PMC10108859 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Air is a medium for dispersal of environmental DNA (eDNA) carried in bioaerosols, yet the atmosphere is mostly unexplored as a source of genetic material encompassing all domains of life. In this study, we designed and deployed a robust, sterilizable hardware system for airborne nucleic acid capture featuring active filtration of a quantifiable, controllable volume of air and a high-integrity chamber to protect the sample from loss or contamination. We used our hardware system on an aircraft across multiple height transects over major aerosolization sources to collect air eDNA, coupled with high-throughput amplicon sequencing using multiple DNA metabarcoding markers targeting bacteria, plants, and vertebrates to test the hypothesis of large-scale genetic presence of these bioaerosols throughout the planetary boundary layer in the lower troposphere. Here, we demonstrate that the multi-taxa DNA assemblages inventoried up to 2,500 m using our airplane-mounted hardware system are reflective of major aerosolization sources in the survey area and show previously unreported airborne species detections (i.e., Allium sativum L). We also pioneer an aerial survey flight grid standardized for atmospheric sampling of genetic material and aeroallergens using a light aircraft and limited resources. Our results show that air eDNA from terrestrial bacteria, plants, and vertebrates is detectable up to high altitude using our airborne air sampler and demonstrate the usefulness of light aircraft in monitoring campaigns. However, our work also underscores the need for improved marker choices and reference databases for species in the air column, particularly eukaryotes. Taken together, our findings reveal strong connectivity or mixing of terrestrial-associated eDNA from ground level aerosolization sources and the atmosphere, and we recommend that parameters and indices considering lifting action, atmospheric instability, and potential for convection be incorporated in future surveys for air eDNA. Overall, this work establishes a foundation for light aircraft campaigns to comprehensively and economically inventory bioaerosol emissions and impacts at scale, enabling transformative future opportunities in airborne DNA technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L. Métris
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
- Airborne Science LLC, Clemson, SC, United States
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhou J, Deng H, Fang Y, Qiao N, Ren M, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Lin H, Chen Y, Yong KT, Xiong J. Silk fibroin fibers-based shape memory membrane with Janus wettability for multitiered wearable protection. J Mater Res 2023; 38:633-643. [PMID: 36741987 PMCID: PMC9888350 DOI: 10.1557/s43578-022-00805-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Realizing breathable shape memory fiber-based material with antibacterial and waterproof performances is important for multitiered wearable protection to address the increasing concerns of air pollution. Herein, using an alternating electrospinning-electrospraying technology, we develop a fiber-based membrane with Janus wettability based on a silk fibroin nanofibers-substrate (SFNFs), a polyurethane nanospheres-top layer (PUNSs), and a middle layer of PU nanofibers-mat with in-situ grown silver nanoparticles (PUNFs-AgNPs), which serves separately for skin contact, a self-cleaning physical barrier to resist external aerosol/bacteria (PM2.5 filtration efficiency ~ 98.1%), and a bio-barrier that can sterilize harmful particles and inhibit bacteria proliferation (> 95%). This breathable Janus film (SFNFs/PUNFs-AgNPs/PUNSs, SPAP) with an antibacterial filter shows shape memory stretchability enabled by the thermoplastic PU component, which is mechanically adaptive to human body for wearable protection. This work presents a breathable wearable material for air-filtration and anti-bacteria, promising for applications such as wound dressings, medical masks, protection suits, and multifunctional filters. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT An alternating electrospinning-electrospraying technology was proposed to achieve a silk fibroin-based antibacterial membrane with Janus wettability, as well as good skin affinity and breathability, which serves well as physical and bio-barriers for water resistance, PM2.5 filtration (~98.1%) and bacteria inhibition (efficiency of 95%). This shape memory Janus membrane can adapt mechanically to human body curvatures for functional wearable protections. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1557/s43578-022-00805-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Heli Deng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Ying Fang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Na Qiao
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Meng Ren
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yufan Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
| | - Desuo Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yuyue Chen
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Ken Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 China
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23
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Gao Y, Tian E, Mo J. Electrostatic Polydopamine-Interface-Mediated (e-PIM) filters with tuned surface topography and electrical properties for efficient particle capture and ozone removal. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129821. [PMID: 36067559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) poses severe environmental health risks to the public globally, and efficient filtration technologies are urgently needed for air ventilation. In this contribution, to overcome the efficiency-resistance trade-off for fibrous filtration, we introduced an electrostatic polydopamine-interface-mediated (e-PIM) filter utilizing a combined effect of particle pre-charging and filter polarizing. After delineating the PM-fiber interactions in electrostatic filtration, we designed a composite fiber structure and fabricated the filters by a two-step dip-coating. The surface topography and electrical potential of the polyester (PET) coarse substrates were regulated by successively coating polydopamine (PDA) layers and manganese oxide clusters. By this means, an 8-mm-thick Mn-P @ P-100 filter possessed improved efficiency of 96.05%, 97.60%, and 99.14% for 0.3-0.5 µm, 0.5-1 µm, and 1-3 µm particles, the ultralow air resistance of 10.4 Pa at a filtration velocity of 0.5 m/s, and steady ozone removal property. Compared with the pristine PET substrates, the efficiency for 0.3-0.5 µm particles expanded 12 times. Compared with the pristine PET substrates, the efficiency for 0.3-0.5 µm particles expanded 12 times. We expect e-PIM filters and the filtration prototype will be potential candidates as effective and low-cost air cleaning devices for a sustainable and healthy environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Gao
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Enze Tian
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China; State Key Laboratory for Surface Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education (Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China.
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24
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Shao Z, Chen H, Wang Q, Kang G, Wang X, Li W, Liu Y, Zheng G. High-performance multifunctional electrospun fibrous air filter for personal protection: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2022; 302:122175. [PMID: 36168392 PMCID: PMC9492398 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
With the increasingly serious air pollution and the rampant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19), preparing high–performance air filter to achieve the effective personal protection has become a research hotspot. Electrospun nanofibrous membrane has become the first choice of air filter because of its small diameter, high specific surface area and porosity. However, improving the filtration performance of the filter only cannot meet the personal needs: it should be given more functions based on high filtration performance to maximize the personal benefits, called, multifunctional, which can also be easily realized by electrospinning technology, and has attracted much attention. In this review, the filtration mechanism of high–performance electrospun air filter is innovatively summarized from the perspective of membrane. On this basis, the specific preparation process, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, other functions required for achieving maximum personal protection benefits are introduced specifically, and the existing high–performance electrospun air filter with multiple functions are summarized. Finally, the challenges, limitations, and development trends of manufacturing high–performance air filter with multiple functions for personal protection are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zungui Shao
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huatan Chen
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guoyi Kang
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wenwang Li
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Gaofeng Zheng
- Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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25
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Srikrishna D. Can 10× cheaper, lower-efficiency particulate air filters and box fans complement High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers to help control the COVID-19 pandemic? Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:155884. [PMID: 35580674 PMCID: PMC9107182 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Public health departments such as CDC and California Department of Public Health (CA-DPH) advise HEPA-purifiers to limit transmission of SARS-CoV-2 indoor spaces. CA-DPH recommends air exchanges per hour (ACH) of 4-6 air for rooms with marginal ventilation and 6-12 in classrooms often necessitating multiple HEPA-purifiers per room, unaffordable in under-resourced community settings. Pressure to seek cheap, rapid air filtration resulted in proliferation of lower-cost, Do-It-Yourself (DIY) air purifiers whose performance is not well characterized compared to HEPA-purifiers. Primary metrics are clean air delivery rate (CADR), noise generated (dBA), and affordability ($$). CADR measurement often requires hard-to-replicate laboratory experiments with generated aerosols. We use simplified, low-cost measurement tools of ambient aerosols enabling scalable evaluation of aerosol filtration efficiencies (0.3 to 10 μm), estimated CADR, and noise generation to compare 3 HEPA-purifiers and 9 DIY purifier designs. DIY purifiers consist of one or two box fans coupled to single MERV 13-16 filters (1″-5″ thick) or quad filters in a cube. Accounting for reduced filtration efficiency of MERV 13-16 filters (versus HEPA) at the most penetrating particle size of 0.3 μm, estimated CADR of DIY purifiers using 2″ (67%), 4″ (66%), and 5″ (85%) filters at lowest fan speed was 293 cfm ($35), 322 cfm ($58), and 405 cfm ($120) comparable to best-in-class, low-noise generating HEPA-purifier running at maximum speed with at 282 cfm ($549). Quad filter designs, popularly known Corsi-Rosenthal boxes, achieved gains in estimated CADR below 80% over single filter designs, less than the 100% gain by adding a second DIY purifier. Replacing one of the four filters with a second fan resulted in gains of 125%-150% in estimated CADR. Tested DIY alternatives using lower-efficiency, single filters compare favorably to tested HEPA-purifiers in estimated CADR, noise generated at five to ten times lower cost, enabling cheap, rapid aerosol removal indoors.
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26
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Sohrabi M, Abbasi M, Sadighzadeh A. Fabrication and evaluation of electrospun polyacrylonitrile/silver nanofiber membranes for air filtration and antibacterial activity. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022; 80:5481-5499. [PMID: 35789591 PMCID: PMC9244039 DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter and airborne microorganisms are two of the most severe indoor air problems due to their significant risks to human health. Comprehensive research on air filtration with good filtration performance for fine particles and antibacterial function is essential. In this study, after some experimentations and optimization of conditions, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) 10–1% silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) membranes with suitable morphology and uniform diameter distribution are fabricated by an electrospinning method. These electrospun mats exhibited antibacterial activity toward Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria). With its small pore size, high porosity, the high specific surface area of 42 m2/g, and robust mechanical strength of 7.14 MPa properties, the resultant PAN10%-1%Ag membranes exhibit high filtration efficiency of 99.27%, the low pressure drop of 33 Pa, and higher quality factor compared to the two standard commercial masks including, the three-ply surgical mask and the respirator face mask. After 24 h of the filtration process in a simulated living environment, the obtained air filter still displayed a high filtration efficiency and a less pressure drop variation. In addition, the R2 value was 0.99, which indicates that the calculation results are in good agreement with the measured results. The fabrication of PAN-Ag membranes will have broad applications, including face masks, indoor air filtration and clean room.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Sohrabi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marjan Abbasi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Asghar Sadighzadeh
- Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Zhou M, Shi L, Dai H, Obed A, Liu P, Wu J, Qin X, Wang R. Facile fabrication of reinforced sub-micron fibrous media with hierarchical structure compounded thermally for effective air purification in application. Sep Purif Technol 2022; 289:120726. [PMID: 35228829 PMCID: PMC8866196 DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution has steadily worsened in recent years, and the coronavirus disease 2019 has been spreading since 2020. The electrospun fibrous filters present superior filtration performance, while the low mechanical property and yield of them limit their applications, which must be addressed urgently. Herein, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) sub-micron fibrous membrane with hierarchical structure was easily manufactured using free surface electrospinning in mass production for air purification. The "sandwich" structured fibrous filter was thermally bonded with bi-component nonwoven through traditional bonding procedures, due to melting and bonding of the cortex of bi-component fibers, in which the electrospun fibrous web as the mid layer with tortuous channels showed superior filtration performance for aerosol particles with diameter of 260 nm, which could effectively intercept different-sized particles suspended in the air. In addition, the impact of the processing parameters on the characteristics and filtration mechanisms of thermally bonded composite materials was thoroughly investigated. The results showed that composite material with "dendrites" and "axon" morphologies presented the best formability, outstanding peeling strength and breaking strength, and steady filtration performance, following an easy through-air bonding procedure, making it useful for post-processing in air purification. The reinforced composite filter, which is thermally bonded with sub-micron fibers with high yield and nonwoven, is save-energy and has a low operation cost, indicating its promising commercial possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lulu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Akampumuza Obed
- Uganda Industrial Research Institute, Nakawa Industrial Area, P.O. Box 7086, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Penghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Rongwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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28
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Wen F, Huang J, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Li B, Wu S, Zhang L. Sensitive inflammatory biomarkers of acute fine particulate matter exposure among healthy young adults: Findings from a randomized, double-blind crossover trial on air filtration. Environ Pollut 2022; 301:119026. [PMID: 35183671 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The short-term alteration of peripheral cytokines may be an early adverse health effect of PM2.5 exposure and may be further associated with cardiovascular disease. We conducted a randomized, double-blind crossover trial using true or sham air filtration among 54 healthy college students in Beijing to investigate the potential benefits of short-term indoor air filtration and the adverse health effects of time-weighted personal PM2.5 exposure through inflammatory cytokines. The participants randomly received true or sham air filtration intervention for a week, and the treatment was changed after a two-week washout period. Peripheral blood samples were collected after each intervention period to measure 38 inflammatory cytokines. A linear mixed-effects model was applied to estimate the impacts of air purification or a 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 exposure increase on cytokines. Lag effects of PM2.5 exposure were analyzed using single-day and moving average lag models. Air filtration reduced indoor and time-weighted average personal PM2.5 concentrations by 69.0% (from 33.6 to 10.4 μg/m3) and 40.3% (from 40.6 to 24.3 μg/m3), respectively. We observed a significant association of PM2.5 exposure with growth-regulated alpha protein (GRO-α) of -11.3% (95%CI: 17.0%, -5.4%). In the lag models, significant associations between personal PM2.5 exposure and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), and eotaxin were obtained at lag0, while associations with cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were noted at relatively long lagged exposure windows (lag5-lag6). No significant alteration in cytokines was observed under true air filtration intervention. Our study indicates the effectiveness of air filtration on indoor PM2.5 reduction. PM2.5 exposure may decrease GRO-α levels and change different cytokine levels time-varyingly. Further study is still needed to explore the mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure on the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuan Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bingxiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
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29
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Bui TT, Shin MK, Jee SY, Long DX, Hong J, Kim MG. Ferroelectric PVDF nanofiber membrane for high-efficiency PM0.3 air filtration with low air flow resistance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022; 640:128418. [PMID: 35125661 PMCID: PMC8800002 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The significant public health concerns related to particulate matter (PM) air pollutants and the airborne transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have led to considerable interest in high-performance air filtration membranes. Highly ferroelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber (NF) filter membranes are successfully fabricated via electrospinning for high-performance low-cost air filtration. Spectroscopic and ferro-/piezoelectric analyses of PVDF NF show that a thinner PVDF NF typically forms a ferroelectric β phase with a confinement effect. A 70-nm PVDF NF membrane exhibits the highest fraction of β phase (87%) and the largest polarization behavior from piezoresponse force microscopy. An ultrathin 70-nm PVDF NF membrane exhibits a high PM0.3 filtration efficiency of 97.40% with a low pressure drop of 51 Pa at an air flow of 5.3 cm/s owing to the synergetic combination of the slip effect and ferroelectric dipole interaction. Additionally, the 70-nm PVDF NF membrane shows excellent thermal and chemical stabilities with negligible filtration performance degradation (air filtration efficiency of 95.99% and 87.90% and pressure drop of 55 and 65 Pa, respectively) after 24 h of heating at 120 °C and 1 h immersion in isopropanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tan Bui
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dang Xuan Long
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Cities, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Cities, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gil Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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30
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Wang L, Gao Y, Xiong J, Shao W, Cui C, Sun N, Zhang Y, Chang S, Han P, Liu F, He J. Biodegradable and high-performance multiscale structured nanofiber membrane as mask filter media via poly(lactic acid) electrospinning. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:961-970. [PMID: 34487943 PMCID: PMC8559669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The usage of single-use face masks (SFMs) has increased since the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. However, non-degradability and mismanagement of SFMs have raised serious environmental concerns. Moreover, both melt-blown and nanofiber-based mask filters inevitably suffer from poor filtration performance, like a continuous decrease in the removal efficiency for particulate matter (PM) and weak breathability. Herein, we report a new method to create biodegradable and reusable fibrous mask filters. The filter consists of a true nanoscale bio-based poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber (an average size of 37 ± 4 nm) that is fabricated via electrospinning of an extremely dilute solution. Furthermore, we designed a multiscale structure with integrated features, such as low basis weight (0.91 g m−2), small pore size (0.73 μm), and high porosity (91.72%), formed by electrospinning deposition of true nanoscale fibers on large pore of 3D scaffold nanofiber membranes. The resultant mask filter exhibited a high filtration efficiency (PM0.3–99.996%) and low pressure drop (104 Pa) superior to the commercial N95 filter. Importantly, this filter has a durable filtering efficiency for PM and natural biodegradability based on PLA. Therefore, this study offers an innovative strategy for the preparation of PLA nanofibers and provides a new design for high-performance nanofiber filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Gao
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junpeng Xiong
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Shao
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Cui
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Chang
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengju Han
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Liu
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin He
- Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China; International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
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Geng Q, Pu Y, Li Y, Yang X, Wu H, Dong S, Yuan D, Ning X. Multi-Component Nanofiber Composite Membrane Enabled High PM 0.3 Removal Efficiency and Oil/Water Separation Performance in Complex Environment. J Hazard Mater 2022; 422:126835. [PMID: 34391969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently, industrial waste gas and oily wastewater are usually at high temperature and contain corrosive components (e.g., acid, alkali, oxidant, or high salt, etc.), presenting great challenges on filtration/separation materials. Here, a multi-purpose Poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile/silica (PMIA/PAN/SiO2) nanofiber composite membrane with a high yield was prepared simply via electrospinning to satisfy the demands of air filtration and oil/water separation in complex environments. Under the synergy of PMIA, PAN and SiO2, the composite membrane possesses high PM0.3 removal capacity of 99.69%, robust purification ability against real smoke PM2.5, effective oil/water separation performance of > 99.6%, superior high temperature stability (about 250 °C) and excellent chemical resistance, showing the potential application in filtration/separation process under complex conditions. Moreover, the influence mechanism of SiO2 NPs on mechanical properties and filtration performance was systematically investigated through experiments and simulations, paving the way for future intensive research. This study provides an option for the facile and effective preparation of high-performance filtration/separation membranes applied in the field of dust filtration and oily wastewater separation, even in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Geng
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Pu
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yajian Li
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Huizhi Wu
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Senjie Dong
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Ding Yuan
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Xin Ning
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Shandong Center for Engineered Nonwovens, College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
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Han S, Kim J, Lee Y, Bang J, Kim CG, Choi J, Min J, Ha I, Yoon Y, Yun CH, Cruz M, Wiley BJ, Ko SH. Transparent Air Filters with Active Thermal Sterilization. Nano Lett 2022; 22:524-532. [PMID: 34665632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide proliferation of COVID-19 poses the urgent need for sterilizable and transparent air filters to inhibit virus transmission while retaining ease of communication. Here, we introduce copper nanowires to fabricate transparent and self-sterilizable air filters. Copper nanowire air filter (CNAF) allowed visible light penetration, thereby can exhibit facial expressions, helpful for better communication. CNAF effectively captured particulate matter (PM) by mechanical and electrostatic filtration mechanisms. The temperature of CNAF could be controlled by Joule-heating up to 100 °C with thermal stability. CNAF successfully inhibited the growth of E. coli because of the oligodynamic effect of copper. With heat sterilization, the antibacterial efficiency against G. anodireducens was greatly improved up to 99.3% within 10 min. CNAF showed high reusability with stable filtration efficiency and thermal antibacterial efficacy after five repeated uses. Our result suggests an alternative form of active antimicrobial air filter in preparation for the current and future pandemic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonggeun Han
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Kim
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Bang
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Gyun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwa Choi
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinki Min
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Ha
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeosang Yoon
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mutya Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Benjamin J Wiley
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, 124 Science Drive, Box 90354, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design/Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Salussoglia AIP, de Souza CWO, Tanabe EH, Lopes Aguiar M. Evaluation of filter media covered with spun fibres and containing thyme essential oil with antimicrobial properties. Environ Technol 2022; 43:301-310. [PMID: 32564680 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1786167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of bioaerosols has been linked to many health problems. Filter media impregnated with antimicrobial material can provide effective removal and inactivation of bioaerosols. In this study, fibres were spun on a substrate by centrifugal spinning, obtaining filter media denoted 5THY and THY. Thyme essential oil was used as an antimicrobial agent. For 5THY, the thyme essential oil was added to the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution, while for THY, it was sprayed onto the medium after the fibres had been produced. The THY medium presented a higher collection efficiency, compared to the substrate or 5THY, with efficiencies of 99% for microparticles and 58% for nanoparticles. Using the plaque assay method, THY provided the highest reductions of the bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with efficiency of 99.999%. The findings demonstrated that filter media covered with spun fibres and containing thyme essential oil provided excellent antimicrobial action and filtration performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clovis Wesley Oliveira de Souza
- Microbiology and Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Pathology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hiromitsu Tanabe
- Environmental Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mônica Lopes Aguiar
- Environmental Control Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Lakshmanan A, Sarngan PP, Sarkar D. Inorganic-organic nanofiber networks with antibacteria properties for enhanced particulate filtration: The critical role of amorphous titania. Chemosphere 2022; 286:131671. [PMID: 34352548 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The demand for air filter media at indoor and outdoor is increasing tremendously due to air pollution and especially for problems related to airborne particulate matter (PM). To realize that, here a class nanofiber air filter media with strong antibacterial activity, hydrophobic nature, high filtration efficiency with low pressure drop is prepared. Novel organic-inorganic nanocomposite nanofibers used in this work benefited for the multifunctional performance. Amorphous titanium dioxide (mTiO2) is utilized for air filtration application which exhibits excellent enhancement of PM2.5 filtration properties and antibacterial activity. The unique Poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-mTiO2 nanofiber air filter media acquired hydrophobic nature with a large increase in water contact angle of 127° from 36°. The resulting free-standing nanofiber filters exhibit high PM2.5 filtration efficiency of >99.9% and low pressure drop of 39 Pa. Antibacterial activity of nanofibrous membrane has been rationally engineered by titanium oxide as the barrier to bacterial ingression. A long term of 160 h filtration test has proved PVP-mTiO2 nanofibers air filter media holds outstanding 99% filtration efficiency for PM2.5. This work takes forward a significant lead in design and production of high performance and very low pressure drop air filter media with a wide range of functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agasthiyaraj Lakshmanan
- Applied NanoPhysics Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India
| | - Pooja P Sarngan
- Applied NanoPhysics Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India
| | - Debabrata Sarkar
- Applied NanoPhysics Laboratory, Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India.
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35
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Xu Y, Zhang X, Hao X, Teng D, Zhao T, Zeng Y. Micro/nanofibrous nonwovens with high filtration performance and radiative heat dissipation property for personal protective face mask. Chem Eng J 2021; 423:130175. [PMID: 34690532 PMCID: PMC8523218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and airborne particulate matter (PM) pollution have posed a great threat to human health. Personal protective face masks have become an indispensable protective equipment in our daily lives. However, wearing conventional face masks for a long time cause swelter and discomfort on the face. Introducing thermal comfort into personal protective face masks becomes desirable. Herein, face masks that show excellent filtration performance and radiative heat dissipation effect are successfully designed and prepared by electrospining Nylon-6 (PA) nanofibers onto polyethylene (PE) meltblown nonwovens. The resultant PE/PA nonwovens have high PM filtration efficiency (>99%) with a low pressure drop (<100 Pa). Moreover, taking the advantage of the property of PE, the designed face mask posses high mid-infrared (mid-IR) transmittance and brings about high radiative cooling power, resulting in effective heat dissipation performance. This face mask design may provides new insights into the development of thermal comfort materials for personal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiang Xu
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xibo Hao
- School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Defang Teng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tienan Zhao
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yongchun Zeng
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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36
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Shi J, Zhao Y, Xue L, Li G, Wu S, Guo X, Wang B, Huang J. Urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after short-term fine particulate matter exposure: A randomized crossover trial of air filtration. Environ Pollut 2021; 285:117258. [PMID: 33964555 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Research on the relationship between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and urinary metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is sparse in the nonoccupationally exposed populations. A quasi-experimental observation of haze events nested within a randomized crossover trial of alternative 1-week real or sham indoor air filtration was conducted to evaluate the associations of urinary monohydroxy-PAHs (OH-PAHs) with short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PAHs. The study was conducted among 57 healthy college students in Beijing, China. PM2.5-bound PAHs and urinary OH-PAHs were quantified using gas chromatography coupled with a triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to evaluate the association of urinary OH-PAHs with time-weighted personal PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PAHs, controlling for potentially confounding variables. The results demonstrated that air filtration could markedly reduce external exposure to PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound parent, nitrated, and oxygenated PAHs. In the intervention trial, the urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-OH-FLU) and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene (9-OH-PHE) were elevated significantly by 16.5% (95% CI, 2.1%, 33.1%) and 37.9% (95% CI, 8.4%, 75.4%), respectively, in association with a doubling increase in personal PM2.5 exposure. Urinary 9-OH-PHE was also significantly positively associated with the increase in the sum of PM2.5-bound parent PAHs. Furthermore, the levels of urinary OH-PAHs such as 2-OH-FLU and 9-OH-PHE in the haze events were elevated by 31.1% (95% CI, 8.7%, 53.4%) and 73.5% (95% CI, 16.0%, 131.0%), respectively, in association with a doubling increase in personal PM2.5 exposure. The findings indicated that urinary 2-OH-FLU and 9-OH-PHE could serve as potential internal exposure biomarkers for assessing short-term PM2.5 exposure in nonoccupational populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhang Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lijun Xue
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guoxing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
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37
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Wei Z, Su Q, Yang J, Zhang G, Long S, Wang X. High-performance filter membrane composed of oxidized Poly (arylene sulfide sulfone) nanofibers for the high-efficiency air filtration. J Hazard Mater 2021; 417:126033. [PMID: 33992920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel, oxidized poly (arylene sulfide sulfone) (O-PASS) nanofibrous membrane filter was successfully fabricated for the effective removal of particulate matter. PASS was electrospun into a nanofibrous membrane with an average nanofiber diameter of 0.31 µm and basis weight of 3 g/m2. These specifications were chosen as they showed high particulate matter removal efficiency (99.98%), low pressure drop (68 Pa), and high quality factor QF (0.125 Pa-1). In addition, the filtration mechanism of the PASS nanofibrous membrane was intuitively revealed by simulating the intercepted particular distributions and motion paths of particles. After a simple oxidation treatment, the O-PASS nanofibrous membrane was successfully built up. The microstructure and morphology showed little change compared with the PASS nanofiber, but the oxidation treatment significantly improved the mechanical properties of the membrane from 1.51 MPa to 4.92 MPa. More importantly, the O-PASS nanofibrous membrane still exhibited high removal efficiency after high temperature, acid, alkali, or organic solvent treatments. Overall, O-PASS nanofibrous membranes are promising high-performance filter materials with high temperature and corrosion resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Wei
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qing Su
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering (Sichuan University), 610065, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shengru Long
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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38
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Qiao S, Kang S, Zhu J, Wang Y, Yu J, Hu Z. Facile strategy to prepare polyimide nanofiber assembled aerogel for effective airborne particles filtration. J Hazard Mater 2021; 415:125739. [PMID: 34088199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyimide nanofiber (PINF) aerogel materials have received extensive attention as heat insulation, sensors and filtration media due to their excellent thermodynamic properties and unique porous structure. However, PINF must be difficult to disperse in organic solvents (dioxane or dimethyl sulfoxide) and dimensional instability has been regarded as issues that limits the preparation of PINF aerogels, especially in the water. So, it is of great significance to prepare polyimide aerogels with stable structure using water as a dispersant. In this work, the electrospun polyimide nanofiber precursor (polyamic acid (PAA) nanofiber (PAANF)) is uniformly dispersed in water, and triethylamine is added to terminated PAA oligomer as a binder. The resultant PINF aerogel has excellent mechanical properties with outstanding elasticity and a maximum compressive stress of 7.03 kpa at 50% strain. Furthermore, due to the extremely high porosity (98.4%) and hierarchical porous structure, the aerogel exhibits a high filtration efficiency (99.83%) for PM2.5, while the pressure drop is lower than that of the corresponding nanofiber membrane materials, which will facilitate its application in high temperature filtration and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Qiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuai Kang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junrong Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuming Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
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39
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Wang X, Li L, Li K, Su R, Zhao Y, Gao S, Guo W, Luan Z, Liang G, Xi H, Zou R. Hierarchically porous metal hydroxide/metal-organic framework composite nanoarchitectures as broad-spectrum adsorbents for toxic chemical filtration. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 606:272-285. [PMID: 34390994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the hierarchically porous metal hydroxide/metal-organic framework composite nanoarchitectures exhibit broad-spectrum removal activity for three chemically distinct toxic gases, viz. acid gases, base gases, and nitrogen oxides. A facile and general in-situ hydrolysis strategy combined with gentle ambient pressure drying (APD) was utilized to integrate both Zr(OH)4 and Ti(OH)4 with the amino-functionalized MOF-808 xerogel (G808-NH2). The M(OH)4/G808-NH2 xerogel composites manifested 3D crystalline porous networks and substantially hierarchical porosity, with controllable amounts of amorphous M(OH)4 nanoparticles residing at the edge of xerogel particles. Microbreakthrough tests were performed under both dry and moist conditions to evaluate the filtration capabilities of the composites against three representative compounds: SO2, NH3, and NO2. Compared with the pristine G808-NH2 xerogel, the incorporation of M(OH)4 effectively enhanced the broad-spectrum toxic chemical mitigation ability of the material, with the highest SO2, NH3, and NO2 breakthrough uptake reaching 74.5, 55.3, and 394.0 mg/g, respectively. Post-breakthrough characterization confirmed the abundant M-OH groups with diverse binding configurations, alongside the unsaturated M (IV) centers on the surface of M(OH)4 provided extra adsorption sites for irreversible toxic chemical capture besides Van der Waals driven physisorption. The ability to achieve high-capacity adsorption and strong retention for multiple contaminants is of great significance for real-world filtration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ruyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Institute of Clean Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenhan Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Institute of Clean Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guojie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hailing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ruqiang Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Institute of Clean Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kapilan
- Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India.
| | - Lakshmi Nidhi Rao
- A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Science, Nitte Deemed to be University, Mangalore, India
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41
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Cheek E, Guercio V, Shrubsole C, Dimitroulopoulou S. Portable air purification: Review of impacts on indoor air quality and health. Sci Total Environ 2021; 766:142585. [PMID: 33121763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020142585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was carried out to examine the impact of portable air purifiers (PAPs) on indoor air quality (PM2.5) and health, focussing on adults and children in indoor environments (homes, schools and offices). Analysed studies all showed reductions in PM2.5 of between 22.6 and 92.0% with the use of PAPs when compared to the control. Associations with health impacts found included those on blood pressure, respiratory parameters and pregnancy outcomes. Changes in clinical biochemical markers were also identified. However, evidence for such associations was limited and inconsistent. Health benefits from a reduction in PM2.5 would be expected as the cumulative body of scientific evidence from various cohort studies shows positive impacts of long-term reduction in PM2.5 concentrations. The current evidence demonstrates that using a PAP results in short-term reductions in PM2.5 in the indoor environment, which has the potential to offer health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheek
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Guercio
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Shrubsole
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sani Dimitroulopoulou
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
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42
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Cheek E, Guercio V, Shrubsole C, Dimitroulopoulou S. Portable air purification: Review of impacts on indoor air quality and health. Sci Total Environ 2021; 766:142585. [PMID: 33121763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A systematic literature review was carried out to examine the impact of portable air purifiers (PAPs) on indoor air quality (PM2.5) and health, focussing on adults and children in indoor environments (homes, schools and offices). Analysed studies all showed reductions in PM2.5 of between 22.6 and 92.0% with the use of PAPs when compared to the control. Associations with health impacts found included those on blood pressure, respiratory parameters and pregnancy outcomes. Changes in clinical biochemical markers were also identified. However, evidence for such associations was limited and inconsistent. Health benefits from a reduction in PM2.5 would be expected as the cumulative body of scientific evidence from various cohort studies shows positive impacts of long-term reduction in PM2.5 concentrations. The current evidence demonstrates that using a PAP results in short-term reductions in PM2.5 in the indoor environment, which has the potential to offer health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheek
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Guercio
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Clive Shrubsole
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Sani Dimitroulopoulou
- Air Quality and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
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43
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de Freitas Rosa Remiro P, de Sousa CP, Alves HC, Bernardo A, Aguiar ML. In Situ Evaluation of Filter Media Modified by Biocidal Nanomaterials to Control Bioaerosols in Internal Environments. Water Air Soil Pollut 2021; 232:176. [PMID: 33897067 PMCID: PMC8055056 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-021-05105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the bioaerosol present in indoor environments has been evidenced to be extremely necessary. An alternative is to develop filter media for air conditioners that have biocidal properties. This study aimed to verify the biocidal effect of a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter medium modified with the deposition of nanoparticles on its surface. For this purpose, Ag, TiO2, and Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles were used and the antimicrobial activities of these nanomaterials against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans microorganisms were evaluated, as well as the biocidal efficacy of the modified HEPA filter with these nanomaterials in a real environment. The percentages of elimination obtained for the Ag, TiO2, and Ag/TiO2 nanomaterials, respectively, were 53%, 63%, and 68% (E. coli); 67%, 67%, and 69% (S. aureus); and 68%, 73%, and 75% (C. albicans). The HEPA filter media had their surfaces modified by aspersion and deposition of Ag, TiO2, and Ag/TiO2 nanomaterials. We could conclude that the nanoparticles adhered to the filter medium do not affect its permeability. The modified filters were arranged in an internal environment (bathroom) for the collection of the bioaerosols, and after the collection, the filter cake was plated and arranged to grow in a liquid medium. The results showed that the filters have 100% of biocidal action in passing air, and 55.6%, 72.2%, and 81% of inhibition to microbial growth in their surface for modification with Ag, TiO2, and Ag/TiO2, respectively, compared to unmodified filters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Paiva de Sousa
- Morphology and Pathology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Henrique Cezar Alves
- Morphology and Pathology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - André Bernardo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Mônica Lopes Aguiar
- Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP Brazil
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Cui J, Wang Y, Lu T, Liu K, Huang C. High performance, environmentally friendly and sustainable nanofiber membrane filter for removal of particulate matter 1.0. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 597:48-55. [PMID: 33866211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is becoming more and more serious and dangerous to public health, especially in developing countries where industrialization is accelerating. The use of electrospun membrane-based materials for air filtration is a widespread and effective way to help individuals avoid air pollution. However, most electrospun membrane preparation processes require the use of organic solvents, resulting in secondary environmental pollution. In this study, an environmentally friendly polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - tannic acid (TA) composite nanofiber membrane filter was prepared by the green electrospinning and the physical cross-linking method. The filtration efficiency of the membrane filter for PM1.0 reached 99.5%, and the pressure drop was only 35 Pa. In addition, due to the existence of intermolecular hydrogen bond between PVA and TA, the mechanical properties of the nanofiber membrane were improved to meet the requirements of practical application of the filter. Therefore, the PVA-TA composite nanofiber membrane is expected to provide a solution for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly air filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Cui
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent) Nanjing Forestry, University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent) Nanjing Forestry, University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent) Nanjing Forestry, University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kunming Liu
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent) Nanjing Forestry, University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, China.
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45
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Kadam V, Truong YB, Schutz J, Kyratzis IL, Padhye R, Wang L. Gelatin/β-Cyclodextrin Bio-Nanofibers as respiratory filter media for filtration of aerosols and volatile organic compounds at low air resistance. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123841. [PMID: 33264922 PMCID: PMC7467901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a universal concern. The suspended solid/liquid particles in the air and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous. Synthetic polymer-based air filter media not only has disposal issues but also is a source of air and water pollution at the end of their life cycle. It has been a challenge to filter both particulate matter and VOC pollutants by a common biodegradable filter media having low air resistance. This study reports gelatin/β-cyclodextrin composite nanofiber mats with dual function air filtration ability at reduced air resistance (148 Pa) and low basis weight (1 g/m²). Gelatin/β-cyclodextrin nanofibers captured aerosols (0.3-5 μm) with < 95% filtration efficiency at 0.029/Pa quality factor. They adsorbed great amount of xylene (287 mg/g), benzene (242 mg/g), and formaldehyde (0.75 mg/g) VOCs. VOC adsorption of gelatin/β-cyclodextrin nanofibers is found several times higher than a commercial face mask and pristine powder samples. This study provides a solution for a 'green' dual function respiratory air filtration at low resistance. Gelatin/β-cyclodextrin nanofibers also have the potential to filter nano-sized viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kadam
- School of Fashion & Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick, Victoria 3056, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) - Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Rajasthan 304501, India.
| | - Yen Bach Truong
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) - Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jurg Schutz
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) - Manufacturing, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Ilias Louis Kyratzis
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) - Manufacturing, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Rajiv Padhye
- School of Fashion & Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick, Victoria 3056, Australia
| | - Lijing Wang
- School of Fashion & Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick, Victoria 3056, Australia
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46
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Al-Attabi R, Morsi Y, Schütz JA, Cornu D, Maghe M, Dumée LF. Flexible and reusable carbon nano-fibre membranes for airborne contaminants capture. Sci Total Environ 2021; 754:142231. [PMID: 33254856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Airborne aerosol pollutants generated from combustion vehicles exhausts, industrial facilities and microorganisms represent serious health challenges. Although membrane separation has emerged as a technique of choice for airborne contaminants removal, allowing for both size exclusion and surface adsorption. Here, electrospun carbon nanofibre mats were formed from poly(acrylonitrile) by systematic stabilization and carbonization processes to generate flexible and self-standing membranes for air filtration. The great mechanical flexibility of the electrospun carbon-nanofibre membranes was achieved through extreme quenching conditions on a carbon fibre processing line, allowing for complete carbonization in just 3 min. The carbonized nanofibre membranes, with fibre diameters in the range of 218 to 565 nm exhibited modulus of elasticity around 277.5 MPa. The samples exhibited air filtration efficiencies in the range of 97.2 to 99.4% for aerosol particle in the size of 300 nm based on face velocity, higher than benchmark commercial glass fibre (GF) air filters. The carbonized electrospun nanofibre membranes also yielded excellent thermal stability withstanding temperatures up to 450 °C, thus supporting the development of autoclavable and recyclable membranes. This significant and scalable strategy provides opportunities to mass-produce reusable air filters suitable for otherwise complex airborne pollutants, including volatile organic carbons and bio-contaminants, such as viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyadh Al-Attabi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Middle Technical University, Al-Za'franiya, Baghdad 10074, Iraq
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Jürg A Schütz
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Europeen des Membranes, UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Maghe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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Jazie AA, Albaaji AJ, Abed SA. A review on recent trends of antiviral nanoparticles and airborne filters: special insight on COVID-19 virus. Air Qual Atmos Health 2021; 14:1811-1824. [PMID: 34178182 PMCID: PMC8211456 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-021-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Novel corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the last 4 months stimulates the international scientific community to search for vaccine of antiviral agents suitable for in activating the virus inside and outside the human body. More than 4 million people globally are infected by the virus and about 300,000 dead cases until this moment. The ventilation and airborne filters are also investigated aiming to develop an efficient antiviral filtration technology. Human secretion of the infected person as nasal or saliva droplets goes as airborne and distributes the virus everywhere around the person. N95 and N98 filters are the must use filters for capturing particles of sizes around 300 nm. The average size of the novel corona virus (COVID-19) is 100 nm and there is no standard or special filter suitable for this virus. The nanoparticle-coated airborne filter is a suitable technique in this regard. While the efficiency of this type of filters still needs to be enhanced, new developed nanofiber filters are proposed. Most recently, the charged nanofiber filters of sizes below 100 nm are developed and provide an efficient viral filtration and inactivation. The efficiency of filter must be kept at accepted level without increasing the pressure drop. The present review outlines the most efficient antiviral nanoparticles including the recent functional nanoparticles. The filtration theory, filtration modeling, filter testing, and different types of filter with special concentration on the charged nanofiber filter were discussed. The charged nanofiber filter able to capture novel corona virus (COVID-19) with 94% efficiency and a pressure drop less than 20 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Jazie
- Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Amar J. Albaaji
- Materials Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Suhad A. Abed
- Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
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48
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Sun Y, Huang J, Zhao Y, Xue L, Li H, Liu Q, Cao H, Peng W, Guo C, Xie Y, Liu X, Li B, Liu K, Wu S, Zhang L. Inflammatory cytokines and DNA methylation in healthy young adults exposure to fine particulate matter: A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of air filtration. J Hazard Mater 2020; 398:122817. [PMID: 32516725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benefits of indoor air filtration in heavily polluted areas are not fully understood. This study aims to examine whether short-term air filtration intervention could attenuate the hazards from acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and investigate the potential impact on inflammatory cytokines and DNA methylation. A randomized, double-blind crossover trial of true or sham indoor air filtration was conducted among 29 healthy young adults in Beijing, China. Each episode covered a typical air pollution wave, and 38 cytokines and DNAm of 20 genes were measured at 3 time points: pre-smog, during smog, and post-smog. Linear mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the associations. The indoor PM2.5 concentration with true filtration was 67.8 % lower than sham filtration (13.8 μg/m3vs. 42.8 μg/m3). Air filtration was significantly associated with the decreases in 9 cytokines, from 6.61 % to 21.24 %. PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with elevated levels of 9 cytokines and changed methylation at 7 CpG sites. Notably, PM2.5 was significantly associated with GM-CSF, sCD40L, MCP-1, and FGF-2, as well as methylation in corresponding genes, but no mediation effect was observed. This trial suggested that indoor air filtration might attenuate the adverse effects of PM2.5 exposure through changing cytokines and DNAm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Lijun Xue
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Qisijing Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Chunyue Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Yunyi Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Bingxiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Kuo Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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49
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Li Y, Yin X, Si Y, Yu J, Ding B. All-polymer hybrid electret fibers for high-efficiency and low-resistance filter media. Chem Eng J 2020; 398:125626. [PMID: 32501390 PMCID: PMC7255179 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A one-step and controllable strategy to prepare all-polymer hybrid electret fibers is reported based on the coupling of polystyrene and polyvinylidene fluoride in electric response. The complementary dielectric properties between PS and PVDF generate dual-system electret charges within PS/PVDF fibers, thereby improving the electret effect. The bi-component all-polymer electret fibers show enhanced electret property and structural continuity, contributing to a N95 protective respirator with high filtration efficiency (99.752%), low air resistance (72 Pa) and long service life. The fabrication of all-polymer electret fibers solves the challenge of nanoparticle toxicity for existing polymer/nanoparticle electret fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Yang Si
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
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50
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Cui J, Lu T, Li F, Wang Y, Lei J, Ma W, Zou Y, Huang C. Flexible and transparent composite nanofibre membrane that was fabricated via a "green" electrospinning method for efficient particulate matter 2.5 capture. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 582:506-514. [PMID: 32911399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Air particulate pollution from ever-increasing industrialization poses an enormous threat to public health. Thus, the development of a green air filter with high efficiency and performance is of urgent necessity. In this study, we introduce a new effective air filtration membrane that can be used for outdoor protection. The air filter's composite nanofibre materials were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-sodium lignosulfonate (LS) via a "green" electrospinning method and thermal crosslinking. The addition of LS helped increase the PM2.5 removal efficiency compared to that of a pure PVA nanofibre membrane. The pressure drops of the electrospun PVA-LS membranes exceeded those of the pristine PVA air filter. The remarkable air filtration performance was maintained even after 10 cycles of circulation filtration. In addition, the PVA-LS composite nanofibre membrane exhibited excellent mechanical properties and transparency due to the introduction of LS. This study provides new insight into the design and development of high-performance and high-visibility green filter media, which include personal protection and building screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Cui
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Fanghua Li
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Jiandu Lei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, and MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China.
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Chaobo Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Materials (NFU-UGent), College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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