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Lin JF, Chang KL, Hsieh BS, Hu YC, Huang ES, Yu HS. Development of validated sandwich ELISA for detecting peanut allergen Ara h 3 in food. Food Chem 2024; 445:138757. [PMID: 38367563 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Peanut is an important food that can cause food allergies, often leading to moderate and severe allergic symptoms such as skin rashes, asthma, and even anaphylactic shock.Research indicates that Ara h 3 is one of the major peanut allergen. In order to establish a simple analytical method for detecting Ara h 3, we developed a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with antibodies that were induced from purified Ara h 3. The experimental results showed that the purified Ara h 3 had good purity, and we successfully prepared capture and detection antibodies. The method established in this study exhibited high specificity and did not cross-react with soybeans, cashew nuts, and sesame. For validation, including precision, recovery and sensitivity were in good condition. We also detected the Ara h 3 in peanut related foods. Overall, the ELISA developed in this study is a reliable method for Ara h 3 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Fong Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
| | - Kee-Lung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Bau-Shan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Edward S Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Mountain View, CA 94040, USA.
| | - Hsu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan.
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Valdelvira R, Costa J, Crespo JF, Cabanillas B. Major peanut allergens are quickly released from peanuts when seeds are hydrated under specific conditions. Food Chem 2024; 437:137901. [PMID: 37922800 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Allergens release from their biological source is a critical step in allergic sensitization. We sought to investigate in vitro the role of hydration at 1:10 w/v without stirring and 1:5 w/v with and without stirring on the release of major and minor allergens from peanut kernels. We hypothesized that hydration plays a pivotal role in peanut allergens release, affecting major allergens predominantly, and that peanut-water ratio and stirring influence allergen diffusion. We found that major peanut allergen Ara h 1 was quickly released during hydration leading to a decrease in its content in the seed particularly at hydration performed at 1:5 w/v with stirring. Ara h 2 remained more preserved in the hydrated seed, while Ara h 3 showed no content decrease despite its important release into the hydration water. Minor allergens Ara h 8 and Ara h 9 have lower abundance in peanut leading to a reduction of their content in the seed after their diffusion into the water during hydration. The results also demonstrated that a higher seed-to-water ratio (1:5 w/v) and stirring had a more pronounced impact on allergen release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Valdelvira
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jesus F Crespo
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cabanillas
- Department of Allergy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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Ramadan S, Marsh J, El-Sherbeny GA, El-Halawany ESF, Luan F, Baumert JL, Johnson P, Osman Y, Goodman RE. Purification of soybean cupins and comparison of IgE binding with peanut allergens in a population of allergic subjects. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 147:111866. [PMID: 33217527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Identification, purification and characterization of allergens is crucial to the understanding of IgE-mediated disease. Immunologic and structural studies with purified allergens is essential for understanding relative immunogenicity and cross-reactivity. In this work, the complex soybean 7S vicilins (Gly m 5) with three subunits and 11S legumins (Gly m 6) with five subunits were purified and characterized along with purified peanut allergens (Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 6) by label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Individual subjects plasma IgE binding was tested from subjects allergic to soybeans and or peanuts by immunoblotting, ImmunoCAP™ and ISAC™ ImmunoCAP chip, comparing these soybean proteins with those of purified peanut allergens; vicilin (Ara h 1), 2S albumin (Ara h 2 and Ara h 6) and 11S globulin (Ara h 3). Results show differences between methods and subjects demonstrating the complexity of finding answers to questions of cross-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Ramadan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Justin Marsh
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68588-6207, USA
| | | | | | - Fulei Luan
- Hisense Home Appliances Group Co. Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong, 266104, China
| | - Joseph L Baumert
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68588-6207, USA
| | - Philip Johnson
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68588-6207, USA
| | - Yehia Osman
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Richard E Goodman
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, 68588-6207, USA.
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4
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Suprun M, Sicherer SH, Wood RA, Jones SM, Leung DYM, Henning AK, Dawson P, Burks AW, Lindblad R, Getts R, Suárez-Fariñas M, Sampson HA. Early epitope-specific IgE antibodies are predictive of childhood peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:1080-1088. [PMID: 32795587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is characterized by the development of IgE against peanut antigen. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the evolution of epitope-specific (es)IgE and esIgG4 in a prospective cohort of high-risk infants to determine whether antibody profiles can predict peanut allergy after age 4 years. METHODS The end point was allergy status at age 4+ years; samples from 293 children were collected at age 3 to 15 months and 2 to 3 and 4+ years. Levels of specific (s)IgE and sIgG4 to peanut and component proteins, and 50 esIgE and esIgG4 were quantified. Changes were analyzed with mixed-effects models. Machine learning algorithms were developed to identify a combination of antigen- and epitope-specific antibodies that using 3- to 15-month or 2- to 3-year samples can predict allergy status at age 4+ years. RESULTS At age 4+ years, 38% of children were Tolerant or 14% had Possible, 8% Convincing, 24% Serologic, and 16% Confirmed allergy. At age 3 to 15 months, esIgE profiles were similar among groups, whereas marked increases were evident at age 2 and 4+ years only in Confirmed and Serologic groups. In contrast, peanut sIgE level was significantly lower in the Tolerant group at age 3 to 15 months, increased in Confirmed and Serologic groups but decreased in Convincing and Possibly Allergic groups over time. An algorithm combining esIgEs with peanut sIgE outperformed different clinically relevant IgE cutoffs, predicting allergy status on an "unseen" set of patients with area under the curves of 0.84 at age 3 to 15 months and 0.87 at age 2 to 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Early epitope-specific plus peanut-specific IgE is predictive of allergy status at age 4+ years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Suprun
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Robert A Wood
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Stacie M Jones
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, Ark
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Pandey AK, Sudini HK, Upadhyaya HD, Varshney RK, Pandey MK. Hypoallergen Peanut Lines Identified Through Large-Scale Phenotyping of Global Diversity Panel: Providing Hope Toward Addressing One of the Major Global Food Safety Concerns. Front Genet 2019; 10:1177. [PMID: 31827488 PMCID: PMC6890724 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut allergy is one of the serious health concern and affects more than 1% of the world's population mainly in Americas, Australia, and Europe. Peanut allergy is sometimes life-threatening and adversely affect the life quality of allergic individuals and their families. Consumption of hypoallergen peanuts is the best solution, however, not much effort has been made in this direction for identifying or developing hypoallergen peanut varieties. A highly diverse peanut germplasm panel was phenotyped using a recently developed monoclonal antibody-based ELISA protocol to quantify five major allergens. Results revealed a wide phenotypic variation for all the five allergens studied i.e., Ara h 1 (4-36,833 µg/g), Ara h 2 (41-77,041 µg/g), Ara h 3 (22-106,765 µg/g), Ara h 6 (829-103,892 µg/g), and Ara h 8 (0.01-70.12 µg/g). The hypoallergen peanut genotypes with low levels of allergen proteins for Ara h 1 (4 µg/g), Ara h 2 (41 µg/g), Ara h 3 (22 µg/g), Ara h 6 (829 µg/g), and Ara h 8 (0.01 µg/g) have paved the way for their use in breeding and genomics studies. In addition, these hypoallergen peanut genotypes are available for use in cultivation and industry, thus opened up new vistas for fighting against peanut allergy problem across the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manish K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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Chen F, Ma H, Li Y, Wang H, Samad A, Zhou J, Zhu L, Zhang Y, He J, Fan X, Jin T. Screening of Nanobody Specific for Peanut Major Allergen Ara h 3 by Phage Display. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:11219-11229. [PMID: 31408330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Peanut allergy is a major health problem worldwide. Detection of food allergens is a critical aspect of food safety. The VHH domain of single chain antibody from camelids, also known as nanobody (Nb), showed its advantages in the development of biosensors because of its high stability, small molecular size, and ease of production. However, no nanobody specific to peanut allergens has been developed. In this study, we constructed a library with random triplets (NNK) in its CDR regions of a camel nanobody backbone. We screened the library with peanut allergy Ara h 3 and obtained several candidate nanobodies. One of the promising nanobodies, Nb16 was further biochemical characterization by gel filtration, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), cocrystallization, and Western blot in terms of its interaction with Ara h 3. Nb16 specifically binds to peanut major allergen Ara h 3 with a dissociation constant of 400 nM. Furthermore, we obtained the Ara h 3-Nb16 complex crystals. Structure analysis shows the packing mode is completely different between the Ara h 3-Nb16 complex crystal and the native Ara h 3 crystal. Structural determination of Ara h 3-Nb16 will provide the necessary information to understand the allergenicity of this important peanut allergen. The nanobody Nb16 may have application in the development of biosensors for peanut allergen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Huan Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Yuelong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Heqiao Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Abdus Samad
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Lixia Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, USDA-ARS , Western Regional Research Center , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Jie He
- Departments of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230001 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaojiao Fan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230027 China
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Pandey AK, Varshney RK, Sudini HK, Pandey MK. An Improved Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Based Protocol Using Seeds for Detection of Five Major Peanut Allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, and Ara h 8. Front Nutr 2019; 6:68. [PMID: 31231654 PMCID: PMC6560202 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut allergy is an important health concern among many individuals. As there is no effective treatment to peanut allergy, continuous monitoring of peanut-based products, and their sources is essential. Precise detection of peanut allergens is key for identification and development of improved peanut varieties with minimum or no allergens in addition to estimating the levels in peanut-based products available in food chain. The antibody based ELISA protocol along with sample preparation was standardized for Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, and Ara h 8 to estimate their quantities in peanut seeds. Three different dilutions were optimized to precisely quantify target allergen proteins in peanut seeds such as Ara h 1 (1/1,000, 1/2,000, and 1/4,000), Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 (1/5,000, 1/10,000, and 1/20,000), Ara h 6 (1/40,000, 1/80,000, and 1/1,60,000), and Ara h 8 (1/10, 1/20, and 1/40). These dilutions were finalized for each allergen based on the accuracy of detection by achieving <20% coefficient of variation in three technical replicates. This protocol captured wide variation of allergen proteins in selected peanut genotypes for Ara h 1 (77-46,106 μg/g), Ara h 2 (265-5,426 μg/g), Ara h 3 (382-12,676 μg/g), Ara h 6 (949-43,375 μg/g), and Ara h 8 (0.385-6 μg/g). The assay is sensitive and reliable in precise detection of five major peanut allergens in seeds. Deployment of such protocol allows screening of large scale germplasm and breeding lines while developing peanut varieties with minimum allergenicity to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hari K. Sudini
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
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Dyer S, Nesbit JB, Cabanillas B, Cheng H, Hurlburt BK, Maleki SJ. Contribution of Chemical Modifications and Conformational Epitopes to IgE Binding by Ara h 3. Foods 2018; 7:E189. [PMID: 30441748 DOI: 10.3390/foods7110189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Roasting is known to change the allergenic properties of peanuts. To study these observations at a molecular level, the relationship of IgE binding to the structure of Ara h 3 from raw and roasted peanuts was assessed. Ara h 3 (A3) was purified from raw (R), light roast (LR) and dark roast (DR) peanuts, the purity was assessed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the secondary structures were compared with circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. In order to understand the contribution of structure to IgE binding, the R A3 was partially denatured (PD) by heat treatment (65 °C for 2 h), subjected to CD spectroscopy and IgE spot blot analysis with sera from peanut- allergic individuals. While we observed that the secondary structure of purified A3 from R and LR peanut in solution was affected by the reduction of disulfide bonds and heat treatment when purified from the peanut following the roasting process, only small alterations were seen in the secondary structure. The purified LR A3 bound higher levels of IgE than the RA3. CD spectroscopy of PD A3 revealed a reduction in the percentage of alpha helices, and serum IgE binding. Therefore, while A3 purified from roasted peanuts did not show significant changes in secondary structure, it showed higher IgE binding than R A3. Therefore, the higher IgE binding to LR A3 was more likely to be due to chemical modifications than structural changes. However, a decrease in the IgE binding was seen if R A3 was deliberately unfolded, indicating that the structure played an important role in IgE binding to A3.
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Becker WM, Petersen A, Jappe U. Peanut allergens: new consolidated findings on structure, characteristics, and allergome. Allergol Select 2018; 2:67-79. [PMID: 31826045 DOI: 10.5414/ALX01418E] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy is the result of a complex pathomechanism. Factors contributing to the dysfunction of the immune system are the allergenic sources and the variable matrix effects arising from the processes involved in interaction with the gastrointestinal tract, the allergens themselves through their structural features, and the specific behavior of the individual immune system. The starting point for elucidating the pathomechanism of food allergy is the identification of allergens and the description of their structure. They are the basis for in vitro diagnostics as well as the development of immunotherapeutic drugs. With regard to Class I food allergy, peanut allergy affects by far the largest group of patients. 11 allergens have been identified in peanuts. Ara h 1, Ara h 3, and Ara h 4 belong to the cupin superfamily, Ara h 2, Ara h 6, and Ara h 7 to the prolamin superfamily; Ara h 5 (profilins) and Ara h 8 (superfamily of Bet v 1-homologous proteins) are associated with aeroallergens. Peanut lipid transfer proteins (LTP) and two peanut oleosins are listed as Ara h 9, Ara h 10, and Ara h 11 by the IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Subcommittee. Peanut agglutinin (PNA) and a third oleosin have been shown to possess allergenic properties. The effect of the above specified allergens has to be considered in the context of their matrix, which is influenced by processing factors.
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Cabanillas B, Maleki SJ, Cheng H, Novak N. Differences in the Uptake of Ara h 3 from Raw and Roasted Peanut by Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 177:35-39. [PMID: 29879702 DOI: 10.1159/000489277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Roasting has been implicated in the increase of peanut allergenicity due to the chemical reactions that occur during the process. However, this increase is not fully understood, and little information is available regarding the role of roasted peanut allergens in the initial phase of allergy, where dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role. We sought to analyze differences in the internalization of Ara h 3 from raw and roasted peanut by immature monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) and the implication of the mannose receptor in the uptake. Ara h 3 was purified from raw and roasted peanut (Ara h 3-raw and Ara h 3-roas) and labeled with a fluorescent dye. The labeled allergens were added to MDDCs obtained from 7 donors and internalization was analyzed after 10, 30, and 120 min by flow cytometry. In parallel, mannan, which blocks the mannose receptor, was added 30 min before adding the labeled allergens. Results showed that the internalization of Ara h 3-roas by MDDCs was significantly increased at every time point. However, the increase in the internalization of Ara h 3-raw was only significant after 2 h of incubation. Ara h 3-roas had an enhanced capacity to be internalized by MDDCs in comparison with Ara h 3-raw at every time point. Blocking the mannose receptor decreased the internalization of Ara h 3-roas but not Ara h 3-raw. In conclusion, the internalization of Ara h 3-roas by the MDDCs is enhanced when compared to Ara h 3-raw, and the mannose receptor might be implicated in this enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cabanillas
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Soheila J Maleki
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hsiaopo Cheng
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Natalija Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
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11
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Jayasena S, Smits M, Fiechter D, de Jong A, Nordlee J, Baumert J, Taylor SL, Pieters RH, Koppelman SJ. Comparison of six commercial ELISA kits for their specificity and sensitivity in detecting different major peanut allergens. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:1849-1855. [PMID: 25651402 DOI: 10.1021/jf504741t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Six commercial peanut enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were assessed for their ability to recover peanut from the standard reference material 2387 peanut butter and also for their specificity in detecting four major peanut allergens, Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, and Ara h 6. The percentage recovery of peanut from peanut butter differed across different kits as well as at different sample concentrations. The highest recovery was observed with the Romer and R-Biopharm kits, while four other kits were found to underestimate the protein content of the reference peanut butter samples. Five of the kits were most sensitive in detecting Ara h 3 followed by Ara h 1, while hardly recognizing Ara h 2 and Ara h 6. The other kit showed the highest sensitivity to Ara h 2 and Ara h 6, while Ara h 1 and Ara h 3 were poorly recognized. Although Ara h 2 and Ara h 6 are known to be heat stable and more potent allergens, antisera specific to any of these four peanut proteins/allergens may serve as good markers for the detection of peanut residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamali Jayasena
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska , 143 Food Industry Complex, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0919, United States
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12
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Lieberman JA, Glaumann S, Batelson S, Borres MP, Sampson HA, Nilsson C. The utility of peanut components in the diagnosis of IgE-mediated peanut allergy among distinct populations. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2012; 1:75-82. [PMID: 24229825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing data suggest that analysis of IgE to peanut components can be clinically helpful and possibly more accurate than IgE to whole peanut. Not all studies examining this topic, however, have used prospective samples, multiple components, and peanut challenges. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the utility of peanut component testing, using a standardized, commercially available test done before oral peanut challenge in various populations of patients with suspected peanut allergy from 2 different countries. METHODS IgE to whole peanut and the recombinant allergen components Ara h 1, 2, 3, and 8 were analyzed from serum samples drawn before double-blind peanut challenge from 4 distinct cohorts of patients with suspected peanut allergy from 2 nations (United States and Sweden). RESULTS Patients (n = 167; median age, 11.7 years; interquartile range, 7.0-15.0 years) had serum analyzed for peanut components and completed an oral food challenge to peanut. Although IgE to peanut was the most sensitive test (0.93), Ara h 2 was the most specific (0.92) and provided the best positive predictive value (0.94) of all the tests. Ara h 2 was also the best overall diagnostic test by receiver operating characteristic analysis (area under the curve, 0.84; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In patients with suspected peanut allergy, IgE to peanut is a sensitive test but is not specific. IgE to Ara h 2 is a more specific and more accurate diagnostic test in this sampling of patients with suspected peanut allergy. Given each tests attributes, a stepwise approach to testing may provide clinicians with a way to minimize the need for peanut challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A Lieberman
- Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY
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