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Colosi HA, Baciu AM, Costache C, Opris RV, Popp RA, Sabou M, Colosi IA. Prevalence of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus Section Fumigati Strains Isolated from Romanian Vineyard Soil Samples. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1695. [PMID: 38136729 PMCID: PMC10741105 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between fungal species and their resistance patterns in vineyard soils has important implications for agriculture and medicine. This study explored the prevalence of Aspergillus section Fumigati species and their resistance to azole compounds in Romanian vineyard soils. METHODS A total of 265 soil samples from various Romanian vineyards were screened for fungi resistant to azoles. RESULTS Aspergillus section Fumigati isolates exhibited significant resistance to itraconazole and voriconazole, but no azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains were detected. Six percent of the samples were positive for Aspergillus section Fumigati strains, all of which were azole-resistant. The strains were mainly Aspergillus udagawae (93.75%) and Aspergillus lentulus (6.25%). The predominant azole-resistant Aspergillus species were Aspergillus section Nigri strains, which were found in 75 soil samples. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of understanding fungal resistance in vineyard soils for both the agricultural and clinical sectors. The presence of resistant strains may affect vine health and wine production while also constituting a challenge in the selection of effective treatments against severe and potentially fatal fungal infections in humans, stressing the importance of species-specific antifungal resistance knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horațiu Alexandru Colosi
- Department of Medical Education, Division of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.A.C.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Alina Mihaela Baciu
- Division of Microbiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Costache
- Division of Microbiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Razvan Vlad Opris
- Division of Microbiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Anghel Popp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marcela Sabou
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologie Tropicale, UR7292 Dynamique des Interactions hôte Pathogène, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ioana Alina Colosi
- Department of Medical Education, Division of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (H.A.C.); (I.A.C.)
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Ulloa-Avellán O, Calderón-Hernández A, Rubí-Chacón R, Vargas-Leitón B. Aspergillus spp. Isolated from Lungs of Poultry (Gallus gallus) at the Mycology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica between 2008 and 2021 and Associated Factors. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9. [PMID: 36675879 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a disease caused by some species of the fungus Aspergillus, occurring in both mammals (including humans) and birds, the latter being the most susceptible group. Aspergillus must be considered a public health concern as it affects the poultry industry economically and is an occupational risk to its workers. A retrospective study of fungal isolates from the lungs of chickens (Gallus gallus), analyzed between 2008 and 2021 at the Mycology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica was performed to report the prevalence of Aspergillus spp. in poultry farms in Costa Rica and their associated factors. A total of 1113 cases were received, of which 31% (n = 392; 95% CI: 28.3−33.7) were positive for fungal isolation. Aspergillus was the most frequently detected genus, and the most frequent sections were Fumigati (n = 197/392, 50.3%), Flavi (n = 90/392, 22.9%), and Nigri (n = 50/392, 12.7%). Significant effects (p < 0.05) related to the year, geographical origin, purpose, and age were identified in relation to the Aspergillus infection. The identified factors are explained by climatic variations in the tropics and the particularities of the birds. Future research including molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility tests in animals, humans, and the environment, are needed to better understand the risks of the diseases caused by those fungi in this country.
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Khalife S, Resendiz-Sharpe A, Lagrou K, Fréalle E. Molecular identification and azole susceptibility testing of Aspergillus section Fumigati isolated from soil samples in Lebanon. J Mycol Med 2021; 32:101242. [PMID: 35030518 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khalife
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
| | - Agustin Resendiz-Sharpe
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Lagrou
- Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emilie Fréalle
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL, Lille F-59000, France; CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Lille F-59000, France
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4
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Toc DA, Costache C, Botan A, Mihaila RM, Colosi IA, Buksa SB, Chiorescu RM. Mixed Etiology COVID-19 Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis (CAPA)-A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7100877. [PMID: 34682297 PMCID: PMC8540353 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has proved to be a significant risk addition for invasive infections with Aspergillus. Even though there are plenty of data about the COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), especially involving Aspergillus fumigatus, recent studies are presenting cases of CAPA involving more than one species of Aspergillus. We report the first case of a SARS-CoV-2 patient associating co-infection with, most likely, Aspergillus section Fumigati and Aspergillus section Flavi from Romania, and we review the existing medical literature in order to shed light upon mixed etiology cases of CAPA. Since mortality remains high in these cases, there is an acute need for more information about the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and Aspergillus spp., and the therapies for CAPA. The emerging number of cases and the high mortality rate must be considered an incentive for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Alexandru Toc
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.C.); (R.M.C.)
- Cluj County Emergency Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.M.); (S.B.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Carmen Costache
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.C.); (R.M.C.)
- Cluj County Emergency Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.M.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Alexandru Botan
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.C.); (R.M.C.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.T.); (A.B.)
| | | | - Ioana Alina Colosi
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.C.); (R.M.C.)
| | - Sandor Botond Buksa
- Cluj County Emergency Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.M.); (S.B.B.)
| | - Roxana Mihaela Chiorescu
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.C.); (I.A.C.); (R.M.C.)
- Cluj County Emergency Hospital, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.M.); (S.B.B.)
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Viegas C, Twarużek M, Almeida B, Dias M, Ribeiro E, Carolino E, Soszczyńska E, Caetano LA. Cytotoxicity of Aspergillus Section Fumigati Isolated from Health Care Environments. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:839. [PMID: 34682260 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed 57 Aspergillus section Fumigati (AF) isolates collected by active and passive sampling (N = 450) in several health care facilities and from biological sampling of health care workers (N = 25) and controls (N = 22) in Portugal. All isolates were cultured in different media and screened for azole resistance. Cytotoxicity was assessed for 40 isolates in lung epithelial cells and kidney cells using the MTT assay. Aspergillus section Fumigati was prevalent in the health care facilities and in nasal swabs from health care workers and controls. All AF isolates reduced cell viability and presented medium to high cytotoxicity, with cytotoxicity being significantly higher in A549 lung epithelial cells. The cytotoxicity of isolates from air and nasal swab samples suggested the inhalation route as a risk factor. Notably, 42% of AF isolates exhibited a pattern of reduced susceptibility to some of the most used antifungals available for the treatment of patients infected with these fungi. In sum, the epidemiology and clinical relevance of Aspergillus section Fumigati should continue to be addressed. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying Aspergillus-mediated cytotoxicity is necessary.
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Hattab J, Vulcano A, D’Arezzo S, Verni F, Tiscar PG, Lanteri G, Gjurcevic E, Tosi U, Marruchella G. Aspergillus Section Fumigati Pneumonia and Oxalate Nephrosis in a Foal. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091087. [PMID: 34578120 PMCID: PMC8471827 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare deep mycosis often due to the hematogenous spread of hyphae after gastrointestinal tract disease. We describe herein the main clinic-pathological findings observed in a foal, which spontaneously died after showing diarrhea and respiratory distress. Necropsy and histopathological investigations allowed to diagnose pulmonary aspergillosis, which likely developed after necrotic typhlitis-colitis. Biomolecular studies identified Aspergillus section Fumigati strain as the causative agent. Notably, severe oxalate nephrosis was concurrently observed. Occasionally, oxalate nephropathy can be a sequela of pulmonary aspergillosis in humans. The present case report suggests that the renal precipitation of oxalates can occur also in horses affected by pulmonary aspergillosis and could likely contribute to the fatal outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Hattab
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Antonella Vulcano
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia Banca Biologica e Cell Factory, Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Silvia D’Arezzo
- Laboratorio di Microbiologia Banca Biologica e Cell Factory, Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, via Portuense 292, 00149 Rome, Italy; (A.V.); (S.D.)
| | - Fabiana Verni
- Veterinary Practitioner, Loc. Convento, 64023 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Giovanni Lanteri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Viale G. Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Emil Gjurcevic
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Umberto Tosi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Marruchella
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Loc. Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (J.H.); (P.G.T.); (U.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0861-266932
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7
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Takahashi H, Umemura M, Ninomiya A, Kusuya Y, Shimizu M, Urayama SI, Watanabe A, Kamei K, Yaguchi T, Hagiwara D. Interspecies Genomic Variation and Transcriptional Activeness of Secondary Metabolism-Related Genes in Aspergillus Section Fumigati. Front Fungal Biol 2021; 2:656751. [PMID: 37744138 PMCID: PMC10512231 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.656751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi produce various bioactive compounds that are biosynthesized by sets of proteins encoded in biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs). For an unknown reason, many BGCs are transcriptionally silent in laboratory conditions, which has hampered the discovery of novel fungal compounds. The transcriptional reactiveness of fungal secondary metabolism is not fully understood. To gain the comprehensive view, we conducted comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses of nine closely-related species of Aspergillus section Fumigati (A. fumigatus, A. fumigatiaffinis, A. novofumigatus, A. thermomutatus, A. viridinutans, A. pseudoviridinutans, A. lentulus, A. udagawae, and Neosartorya fischeri). For expanding our knowledge, we newly sequenced genomes of A. viridinutans and A. pseudoviridinutans, and reassembled and reannotated the previously released genomes of A. lentulus and A. udagawae. Between 34 and 84 secondary metabolite (SM) backbone genes were identified in the genomes of these nine respective species, with 8.7-51.2% being unique to the species. A total of 247 SM backbone gene types were identified in the nine fungi. Ten BGCs are shared by all nine species. Transcriptomic analysis using A. fumigatus, A. lentulus, A. udagawae, A. viridinutans, and N. fischeri was conducted to compare expression levels of all SM backbone genes in four different culture conditions; 32-83% of SM backbone genes in these species were not expressed in the tested conditions, which reconfirmed that large part of fungal SM genes are hard to be expressed. The species-unique SM genes of the five species were expressed with lower frequency (18.8% in total) than the SM genes that are conserved in all five species (56%). These results suggest that the expression tendency of BGCs is correlated with their interspecies distribution pattern. Our findings increase understanding of the evolutionary processes associated with the regulation of fungal secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Takahashi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maiko Umemura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ninomiya
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoko Kusuya
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaaki Shimizu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Syun-ichi Urayama
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Kamei
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Yaguchi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hagiwara
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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8
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Viegas C, Caetano LA, Viegas S. Occupational exposure to Aspergillus section Fumigati: Tackling the knowledge gap in Portugal. Environ Res 2021; 194:110674. [PMID: 33440201 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the sections of the Aspergillus genus most often associated with respiratory symptoms. The azole-resistant clinical isolates in this section have been widely described worldwide. More recently, the environmental origin of azole resistance has been correlated with the development of fungal diseases and therapeutic failure. This paper presents a review of several studies performed in Portuguese occupational environments focusing on occupational exposure to this section and give guidance to exposure assessors and industrial hygienists to ensure an accurate exposure assessment. Future studies should tackle the limitations concerning the assessment of occupational exposure to the Fumigati section, in order to allow the implementation of adequate risk management measures. In the light of the results of previous studies, the following approach is proposed to ensure an accurate exposure assessment: a) a combination of active and passive sampling methods appropriate to each occupational environment; b) the use, in parallel, of culture-based methods and molecular tools to overcome the limitations of each method; c) evaluation of the mycobiota azole resistance profile; and d) consider the possible simultaneous presence of mycotoxins produced by this section when assessing workers occupational exposure. In sum, preventing the development of fungal strains resistant to azoles will only be achieved with a holistic approach. An adequate "One Health approach" can contribute positively to concerted actions in different sectors, by reducing the use of fungicides through the introduction of crops and agricultural practices that prevent fungal colonization, and by promoting the rational use of antifungal drugs in human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal.
| | - Liliana Aranha Caetano
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal
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9
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Imbert S, Normand AC, Cassaing S, Gabriel F, Kristensen L, Bonnal C, Lachaud L, Costa D, Guitard J, Hasseine L, Palous M, Piarroux M, Hendrickx M, Piarroux R, Fekkar A. Multicentric Analysis of the Species Distribution and Antifungal Susceptibility of Cryptic Isolates from Aspergillus Section Fumigati. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 64:e01374-20. [PMID: 32900686 PMCID: PMC7674026 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01374-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The antifungal susceptibility of Aspergillus cryptic species is poorly known. We assessed 51 isolates, belonging to seven Fumigati cryptic species, by the EUCAST reference method and the concentration gradient strip (CGS) method. Species-specific patterns were observed, with high MICs for azole drugs, except for Aspergillus hiratsukae and Aspergillus tsurutae, and high MICs for amphotericin B for Aspergillus lentulus and Aspergillus udagawae Essential and categorical agreements between EUCAST and CGS results were between 53.3 and 93.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imbert
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - A C Normand
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
| | - S Cassaing
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Toulouse, France
| | - F Gabriel
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Bordeaux, France
| | - L Kristensen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - C Bonnal
- AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
| | - L Lachaud
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Montpellier, France
| | - D Costa
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rouen, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Rouen, France
| | - J Guitard
- AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
| | - L Hasseine
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Nice, France
| | - M Palous
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
| | - M Piarroux
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - M Hendrickx
- Service of Mycology and Aerobiology, BCCM/IHEM Fungal Collection, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Piarroux
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
| | - A Fekkar
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
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10
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Hagiwara D, Watanabe A, Kamei K, Goldman GH. Epidemiological and Genomic Landscape of Azole Resistance Mechanisms in Aspergillus Fungi. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1382. [PMID: 27708619 PMCID: PMC5030247 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening mycosis caused by the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus. The predominant causal species is Aspergillus fumigatus, and azole drugs are the treatment of choice. Azole drugs approved for clinical use include itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and the recently added isavuconazole. However, epidemiological research has indicated that the prevalence of azole-resistant A. fumigatus isolates has increased significantly over the last decade. What is worse is that azole-resistant strains are likely to have emerged not only in response to long-term drug treatment but also because of exposure to azole fungicides in the environment. Resistance mechanisms include amino acid substitutions in the target Cyp51A protein, tandem repeat sequence insertions at the cyp51A promoter, and overexpression of the ABC transporter Cdr1B. Environmental azole-resistant strains harboring the association of a tandem repeat sequence and punctual mutation of the Cyp51A gene (TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A) have become widely disseminated across the world within a short time period. The epidemiological data also suggests that the number of Aspergillus spp. other than A. fumigatus isolated has risen. Some non-fumigatus species intrinsically show low susceptibility to azole drugs, imposing the need for accurate identification, and drug susceptibility testing in most clinical cases. Currently, our knowledge of azole resistance mechanisms in non-fumigatus Aspergillus species such as A. flavus, A. niger, A. tubingensis, A. terreus, A. fischeri, A. lentulus, A. udagawae, and A. calidoustus is limited. In this review, we present recent advances in our understanding of azole resistance mechanisms particularly in A. fumigatus. We then provide an overview of the genome sequences of non-fumigatus species, focusing on the proteins related to azole resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Kamei
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University Chiba, Japan
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is the main etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis (IA). Other Aspergillus species belonging to the section Fumigati (A. fumigatus complex) may occasionally be the cause of IA. These strains are often misidentified, as they cannot be distinguished from A. fumigatus by conventional morphological analysis and sequencing methods. This lack of recognition may have important consequences as these A. fumigatus-related species often display some level of intrinsic resistance to azoles and other antifungal drugs. A. lentulus, A. udagawae, A. viridinutans, and A. thermomutatus (Neosartorya pseudofischeri) have been associated with refractory cases of IA. Microbiologists should be able to suspect the presence of these cryptic species behind a putative A. fumigatus isolate on the basis of some simple characteristics, such as defect in sporulation and/or unusual antifungal susceptibility profile. However, definitive species identification requires specific sequencing analyses of the beta-tubulin or calmodulin genes, which are not available in most laboratories. Multiplex PCR assays or matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization – time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) gave promising results for rapid and accurate distinction between A. fumigatus and other Aspergillus spp. of the section Fumigati in clinical practice. Improved diagnostic procedures and antifungal susceptibility testing may be helpful for the early detection and management of these particular IA cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Lamoth
- Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, and Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital Lausanne, Switzerland
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Hong SB, Kim DH, Park IC, Samson RA, Shin HD. Isolation and identification of Aspergillus section fumigati strains from arable soil in Korea. Mycobiology 2010; 38:1-6. [PMID: 23956617 PMCID: PMC3741588 DOI: 10.4489/myco.2010.38.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
63 strains of Aspergillus section Fumigati were isolated from 17 samples of arable soil in a central province of Korea. Based on the results of genotypic and phenotypic analyses, they were identified as Aspergillus fumigatus, A. lentulus, Neosartorya coreana, N. fennelliae, N. fischeri, N. glabra, N. hiratsukae, N. laciniosa, N. pseudofischeri, N. quadricincta, N. spinosa and N. udagawae. Among these, N. fennelliae, N. hiratsukae, N. quadricincta, and N. udagawae had not been previously recorded in Korea. The diversity of Aspergillus section Fumigati species from arable soil in Korea is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Beom Hong
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, National Agrobiodiversity Center, NAAS, Suwon 441-707, Korea
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Abstract
The taxonomy of Aspergillus section Fumigati with its teleomorph genus Neosartorya is revised. The species concept is based on phenotypic (morphology and extrolite profiles) and molecular (beta-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences) characters in a polyphasic approach. Four new taxa are proposed: N. australensis N. ferenczii, N. papuaensis and N. warcupii. All newly described and accepted species are illustrated. The section consists of 33 taxa: 10 strictly anamorphic Aspergillus species and 23 Neosartorya species. Four other Neosartorya species described previously were not available for this monograph, and consequently are relegated to the category of doubtful species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Samson
- CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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