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Stelmaszyk L, Stange C, Hügler M, Sidhu JP, Horn H, Tiehm A. Quantification of β-lactamase producing bacteria in German surface waters with subsequent MALDI-TOF MS-based identification and β-lactamase activity assay. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27384. [PMID: 38486766 PMCID: PMC10937694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental oligotrophic bacteria are suspected to be highly relevant carriers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there is a lack of validated methods for monitoring in the aquatic environment. Since extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) play a particularly important role in the clinical sector, a culturing method based on R2A-medium spiked with different combinations of β-lactams was applied to quantify β-lactamase-producing environmental bacteria from surface waters. In German surface water samples (n = 28), oligotrophic bacteria ranging from 4.0 × 103 to 1.7 × 104 CFU per 100 mL were detected on the nutrient-poor medium spiked with 3rd generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. These numbers were 3 log10 higher compared to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriales of clinical relevance from the same water samples. A MALDI-TOF MS identification of the isolates demonstrated, that the method leads to the isolation of environmentally relevant strains with Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, and Janthinobacterium being predominant β-lactam resistant genera. Subsequent micro-dilution antibiotic susceptibility tests (Micronaut-S test) confirmed the expression of β-lactamases. The qPCR analysis of surface waters DNA extracts showed the presence of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaCMY-2, blaOXA-48, blaVIM-2, blaSHV, and blaNDM-1) at concentrations of 3.7 (±1.2) to 1.0 (±1.9) log10 gene copies per 100 mL. Overall, the results demonstrate a widespread distribution of cephalosporinase and carbapenemase enzymes in oligotrophic environmental bacteria that have to be considered as a reservoir of ARGs and contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Stelmaszyk
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Stange
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Hügler
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jatinder P.S. Sidhu
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Harald Horn
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Engler-Bunte Institute, Wasserchemie und Wassertechnologie, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9a, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- TZW: DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department of Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Murphy CM, Weller DL, Strawn LK. Scale and detection method impacted Salmonella prevalence and diversity in ponds. Sci Total Environ 2024; 907:167812. [PMID: 37852489 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific approaches for managing food safety hazards in agricultural water require an understanding of foodborne pathogen ecology. This study identified factors associated with Salmonella contamination in Virginia ponds. Grab samples (250 mL, N = 600) were collected from 30 sites across nine ponds. Culture- and culture-independent (CIDT)-based methods were used to detect Salmonella in each sample. Salmonella isolated by culture-based methods were serotyped by Kauffman-White classification. Environmental data were collected for each sample. McNemar's χ2 was used to determine if Salmonella detection differed by testing method. Separate mixed effect models were used to identify environmental factors associated with culture and CIDT-based Salmonella detection. Separate models were built for each pond, and for all ponds combined. Salmonella detection differed significantly (p < 0.001) between CIDT (31 %; 183/600)- and culture (13 %; 77/600)-based methods. Culture-based methods yielded 11 different serovars. All cultured Salmonella samples were confirmed by CIDT; 42.1 % of CIDT Salmonella-positive samples could be cultured. Associations between environmental factors and Salmonella detection also varied substantially by pond and detection method. In the all-pond model, associations were observed for five factors (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, air temperature, UV, rain) for both culture- and CIDT-based Salmonella detection. Rain prior to sampling (24 h) increased odds of Salmonella detection for culture (OR = 5.09) and CIDT (OR = 3.62) in the all-pond model. When all the pond data were used, models masked associations at the individual pond level, as there were noticeable differences between ponds and the odds of isolating Salmonella by environmental factors. Ponds were within a 187-ha area in this study, emphasizing water management needs to be individualized (i.e., assess hazards/risks by pond). Results also highlight detection methods and scale strongly affect observed water quality and should be considered when developing monitoring programs to develop guidance for growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Murphy
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Daniel L Weller
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 265 Crittenden Boulevard, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Laura K Strawn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, 1230 Washington Street SW, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Zhuang L, Gong J, Shen Q, Yang J, Song C, Liu Q, Zhao B, Zhang Y, Zhu M. Advances in detection methods for viable Salmonella spp.: current applications and challenges. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:1643-1660. [PMID: 37378821 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Salmonella is a common intestinal pathogen that can cause food poisoning and intestinal disease. The high prevalence of Salmonella necessitates efficient and sensitive methods for its identification, detection, and monitoring, especially of viable Salmonella. Conventional culture methods need to be more laborious and time-consuming. And they are relatively limited in their ability to detect Salmonella in the viable but non-culturable status if present in the sample to be tested. As a result, there is an increasing need for rapid and accurate techniques to detect viable Salmonella spp. This paper reviewed the status and progress of various methods reported in recent years that can be used to detect viable Salmonella, such as culture-based methods, molecular methods targeting RNAs and DNAs, phage-based methods, biosensors, and some techniques that have the potential for future application. This review can provide researchers with a reference for additional method options and help facilitate the development of rapid and accurate assays. In the future, viable Salmonella detection approaches will become more stable, sensitive, and fast and are expected to play a more significant role in food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhuang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansen Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Shen
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Song
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxin Liu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengling Zhu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China.
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Viegas C, Caetano LA, Viegas S. Occupational exposure to Aspergillus section Fumigati: Tackling the knowledge gap in Portugal. Environ Res 2021; 194:110674. [PMID: 33440201 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Aspergillus section Fumigati is one of the sections of the Aspergillus genus most often associated with respiratory symptoms. The azole-resistant clinical isolates in this section have been widely described worldwide. More recently, the environmental origin of azole resistance has been correlated with the development of fungal diseases and therapeutic failure. This paper presents a review of several studies performed in Portuguese occupational environments focusing on occupational exposure to this section and give guidance to exposure assessors and industrial hygienists to ensure an accurate exposure assessment. Future studies should tackle the limitations concerning the assessment of occupational exposure to the Fumigati section, in order to allow the implementation of adequate risk management measures. In the light of the results of previous studies, the following approach is proposed to ensure an accurate exposure assessment: a) a combination of active and passive sampling methods appropriate to each occupational environment; b) the use, in parallel, of culture-based methods and molecular tools to overcome the limitations of each method; c) evaluation of the mycobiota azole resistance profile; and d) consider the possible simultaneous presence of mycotoxins produced by this section when assessing workers occupational exposure. In sum, preventing the development of fungal strains resistant to azoles will only be achieved with a holistic approach. An adequate "One Health approach" can contribute positively to concerted actions in different sectors, by reducing the use of fungicides through the introduction of crops and agricultural practices that prevent fungal colonization, and by promoting the rational use of antifungal drugs in human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal.
| | - Liliana Aranha Caetano
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal
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Gutiérrez-Cacciabue D, Cid AG, Rajal VB. How long can culturable bacteria and total DNA persist in environmental waters? The role of sunlight and solid particles. Sci Total Environ 2016; 539:494-502. [PMID: 26379262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, sunlight inactivation of two indicator bacteria in freshwater, with and without solid particles, was studied and the persistence of culturable cells and total DNA was compared. Environmental water was used to prepare two matrices, with and without solid particles, which were spiked with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. These matrices were used to prepare microcosm bags that were placed in two containers: one exposed to sunlight and the other in the dark. During one month, samples were removed from each container and detection was done by membrane filter technique and real-time PCR. Kinetic parameters were calculated to assess sunlight effect. Indicator bacteria without solid particles exposed to sunlight suffered an immediate decay (<4h) compared with the ones which were shielded from them. In addition, the survival of both bacteria with solid particles varied depending on the situation analyzed (T99 from 3 up to 60days), being always culturable E. coli more persistent than E. faecalis. On the other side, E. faecalis DNA persisted much longer than culturable cells (T99>40h in the dark with particles). In this case active cells were more prone to sunlight than total DNA and the protective effect of solid particles was also observed. Results highlight that the effects caused by the parameters which describe the behavior of culturable microorganisms and total DNA in water are different and must be included in simulation models but without forgetting that these parameters will also depend on bacterial properties, sensitizers, composition, type, and uses of the aquatic environment under assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Gutiérrez-Cacciabue
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina.
| | - Alicia G Cid
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina.
| | - Verónica B Rajal
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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6
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Gutiérrez-Cacciabue D, Cid AG, Rajal VB. How long can culturable bacteria and total DNA persist in environmental waters? The role of sunlight and solid particles. Sci Total Environ 2016. [PMID: 26379262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, sunlight inactivation of two indicator bacteria in freshwater, with and without solid particles, was studied and the persistence of culturable cells and total DNA was compared. Environmental water was used to prepare two matrices, with and without solid particles, which were spiked with Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. These matrices were used to prepare microcosm bags that were placed in two containers: one exposed to sunlight and the other in the dark. During one month, samples were removed from each container and detection was done by membrane filter technique and real-time PCR. Kinetic parameters were calculated to assess sunlight effect. Indicator bacteria without solid particles exposed to sunlight suffered an immediate decay (<4h) compared with the ones which were shielded from them. In addition, the survival of both bacteria with solid particles varied depending on the situation analyzed (T99 from 3 up to 60days), being always culturable E. coli more persistent than E. faecalis. On the other side, E. faecalis DNA persisted much longer than culturable cells (T99>40h in the dark with particles). In this case active cells were more prone to sunlight than total DNA and the protective effect of solid particles was also observed. Results highlight that the effects caused by the parameters which describe the behavior of culturable microorganisms and total DNA in water are different and must be included in simulation models but without forgetting that these parameters will also depend on bacterial properties, sensitizers, composition, type, and uses of the aquatic environment under assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Gutiérrez-Cacciabue
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina.
| | - Alicia G Cid
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina.
| | - Verónica B Rajal
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Salta (INIQUI - CONICET, UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, Salta 4400, Argentina; Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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