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Tranel ES, McGowan B, Drackley A, Epstein LG, Rao VK, Kuntz NL, Schwaede AN. A case report of riboflavin transporter deficiency: A novel heterozygous pathogenic variant in the SLC52A3 gene. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2024; 38:101051. [PMID: 38469093 PMCID: PMC10926195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2024.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that presents from infancy to adulthood with a progressive axonal neuropathy characterized by a variety of neurologic symptoms including hearing loss, weakness, bulbar palsy, and respiratory insufficiency. Pathogenic variants in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 are implicated in the pathogenesis of RTD type 2 and 3, respectively. Early identification of this disorder is critical, as it is treatable with riboflavin supplementation. We describe a 16-year-old female with a phenotype consistent with RTD3 found to have a novel heterozygous SLC52A3 variant. Though RTD is typically considered an autosomal recessive condition, her heterozygous variant was thought to be disease causing after further genetic analysis and given her improvement in response to riboflavin supplementation. This case highlights the importance of reinterpretation of genetic testing, particularly when there is a high clinical suspicion for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S. Tranel
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Bridget McGowan
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Andy Drackley
- Division of Genetics, Genomics and Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Leon G. Epstein
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Vamshi K. Rao
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Nancy L. Kuntz
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Abigail N. Schwaede
- Division of Neurology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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2
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Ben Mariem O, Saporiti S, Guerrini U, Laurenzi T, Palazzolo L, Indiveri C, Barile M, De Fabiani E, Eberini I. In silico investigation on structure-function relationship of members belonging to the human SLC52 transporter family. Proteins 2022; 91:619-633. [PMID: 36511838 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin is an essential water-soluble vitamin that needs to be provided through the diet because of the conversion into flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), important cofactors in hundreds of flavoenzymes. The adsorption and distribution of riboflavin is mediated by transmembrane transporters of the SLC52 family, namely RFVT1-3, whose mutations are mainly associated with two diseases, MADD and the Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. Interest in RFVTs as pharmacological targets has increased in the last few years due to their overexpression in several cancer cells, which can be exploited both by blocking the uptake of riboflavin into the cancerous cells, and by performing cancer targeted delivery of drugs with a high affinity for RFVTs. In this work, we propose three-dimensional structural models for all three human riboflavin transporters obtained by state-of-the-art artificial intelligence-based methods, which were then further refined with molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, two of the most notable mutations concerning RFVT2 and RFVT3 (W31S and N21S, respectively) were investigated studying the interactions between the wild-type and mutated transporters with riboflavin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ben Mariem
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Saporiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Uliano Guerrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Laurenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Palazzolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy.,Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci cubo 4C, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari A.Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Emma De Fabiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Giuseppe Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy.,DSRC, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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3
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Jin C, Yonezawa A. Recent advances in riboflavin transporter RFVT and its genetic disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108023. [PMID: 34662687 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is essential for cellular growth and function. It is enzymatically converted to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which participate in the metabolic oxidation-reduction reactions of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. Human riboflavin transporters RFVT1, RFVT2, and RFVT3 have been identified and characterized since 2008. They are highly specific transporters of riboflavin. RFVT3 has functional characteristics different from those of RFVT1 and RFVT2. RFVT3 contributes to absorption in the small intestine, reabsorption in the kidney, and transport to the fetus in the placenta, while RFVT2 mediates the tissue distribution of riboflavin from the blood. Several mutations in the SLC52A2 gene encoding RFVT2 and the SLC52A3 gene encoding RFVT3 were found in patients with a rare neurological disorder known as Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. These patients commonly present with bulbar palsy, hearing loss, muscle weakness, and respiratory symptoms in infancy or later in childhood. A decrease in plasma riboflavin levels has been observed in several cases. Recent studies on knockout mice and patient-derived cells have advanced the understanding of these mechanisms. Here, we summarize novel findings on RFVT1-3 and their genetic diseases and discuss their potential as therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyun Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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4
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Carey G, Kuchcinski G, Gauvrit F, Defebvre L, Nguyen S, Dhaenens CM, Dessein AF, Vianey-Saban C, Acquaviva C, Tard C. Three cases of adult-onset Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: Novel variants in SLC52A3 gene and MRI abnormalities. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:752-755. [PMID: 34384672 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome is a rare, autosomal, recessive neurological condition caused by variants in the riboflavin transporter genes SLC52A2 and SLC52A3. Here, we report on three cases. Case 1 was a 35-year-old woman from a consanguineous family who presented with progressive deafness, subacute multiple cranial nerve impairments (III, VII, IX, XII), and MRI abnormalities (including as hypersignal from the cranial nerves). The patient was homozygous for a novel SLC52A3variant. Case 2 was the woman's brother, who presented similar symptoms. Case 3 was an 18-year-old woman experiencing progressive hearing loss, bilateral steppage gait and a cranial nerves impairment (VII and XII). MRI revealed hypersignal in the root nerves and cauda equina. A novel heterozygous variant in SLC52A3 was identified. A subacute history of polyradiculoneuropathy along with progressive deafness, cranial nerve impairment, and MRI abnormalities should raise suspicion for Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Carey
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Neurology Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France.
| | - Gregory Kuchcinski
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Neuroradiology Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Fanny Gauvrit
- ENT Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Luc Defebvre
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Neurology Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Nguyen
- Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord Est Ile de France, Lille University Medical Centre, Lille, France; Neuropediatric Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Claire-Marie Dhaenens
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Frédérique Dessein
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christine Vianey-Saban
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, UF Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Cécile Acquaviva
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, UF Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Céline Tard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires Nord Est Ile de France, Lille University Medical Centre, Lille, France; Neurology Department, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
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5
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Gedik Soyuyuce O, Ayanoglu Aksoy E, Yapici Z. A case report of sudden-onset auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder associated with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (riboflavin transporter deficiency). Int J Audiol 2021; 61:258-264. [PMID: 33983862 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1921291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is to describe a child with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) associated with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere (BVVL) syndrome, which is a rare, inherited, neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by defects in riboflavin transporter genes. DESIGN We report the audiological and clinical profile of a child who presented with a complaint of sudden loss of speech understanding associated with an atypical form of ANSD. He was later diagnosed with BVVL. STUDY SAMPLE An 11-year-old boy with ANSD associated with BVVL. RESULTS The patient's severe neurological symptoms improved within a year of supplementation with high doses of riboflavin. His fluctuating hearing loss and 0% WDS remained unchanged. The patient was able to use hearing aids without any discomfort after treatment initiation, but he stopped using them again due to a lack of benefit in speech understanding. Although cochlear implantation was recommended, the patient and his family decided not to consider it for another year since they still had hope for complete recovery. CONCLUSIONS Sudden-onset ANSD can be the earliest sign of undetected BVVL syndrome. Early detection of BVVL is crucial since all symptoms can be reversible with an early intervention of high doses of riboflavin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zuhal Yapici
- Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Yılmaz BŞ, Ceylaner S, Mungan NÖ. Brown Vialetto Van Laere syndrome: presenting with left ventricular non-compaction and mimicking mitochondrial disorders. Turk J Pediatr 2021; 63:314-318. [PMID: 33929122 DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) is a rare, treatable neurodegenerative disorder with a variable clinical presentation, caused by mutations in three different riboflavin transporter genes. CASE An 11-year-old-boy presented with respiratory insufficiency and a rapidly progressive muscle weakness. He was the fifth child of a consanguineous marriage with a medical history of hearing loss. He was peripherally week with a reduced muscle tone. Upper extremity muscles were effected more than lower limbs. He deteriorated rapidly and became quadriplegic. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were normal. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular non-compaction. A homozygous c.1088C > T (p.363L) missense mutation was identified in SLC52A2 gene. Significant clinical improvement was seen with high dose riboflavin. CONCLUSION This is the first reported BVVLS case presented with left ventricle-non compaction which may be caused by a secondary respiratory chain deficiency. Riboflavin transporter deficiencies should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders and secondary respiratory chain deficiencies should be thought during the follow-up of BVVLS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neslihan Önenli Mungan
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
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7
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Khani M, Shamshiri H, Moazzeni H, Taheri H, Ahmadieh H, Alavi A, Farboodi N, Nafissi S, Elahi E. A case of adult onset Sandhoff disease that mimics Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:528-531. [PMID: 33824075 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sandhoff disease is a rare fatal infantile neurologic disorder. Adult onset Sandhoff is even rarer. Variability of clinical features in adult onset Sandhoff patients and overlaps between these and features of other neurologic diseases have sometimes led to mis-diagnosis. We describe an adult onset Sandhoff disease affected individual whose clinical presentation were also consistent with the Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVL) diagnosis. Screening of BVVL-causing genes, SLC52A3 and SLC52A2, did not identify candidate disease-causing mutations, but exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the known Sandhoff disease-causing gene, HEXB. Decreased blood hexosaminidase activity and evidence of cerebellar atrophy confirmed Sandhoff disease diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a Sandhoff disease case that mimics BVVL and that presents with prominent cranial nerve involvement. For differential diagnosis, measurement of hexosaminidase activity and MRI should quickly be performed. Genetic analysis can be done for confirmation of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Moazzeni
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Taheri
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afagh Alavi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Pillai NR, Amin H, Gijavanekar C, Liu N, Issaq N, Broniowska KA, Bertuch AA, Sutton VR, Elsea SH, Scaglia F. Hematologic presentation and the role of untargeted metabolomics analysis in monitoring treatment for riboflavin transporter deficiency. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:2781-2787. [PMID: 32909658 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD) (MIM #614707) is a neurogenetic disorder with its most common manifestations including sensorineural hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, respiratory insufficiency, and bulbar palsy. Here, we present a 2-year-old boy whose initial presentation was severe macrocytic anemia necessitating multiple blood transfusions and intermittent neutropenia; he subsequently developed ataxia and dysarthria. Trio-exome sequencing detected compound heterozygous variants in SLC52A2 that were classified as pathogenic and a variant of uncertain significance. Bone marrow evaluation demonstrated megaloblastic changes. Notably, his anemia and neutropenia resolved after treatment with oral riboflavin, thus expanding the clinical phenotype of this disorder. We reiterate the importance of starting riboflavin supplementation in a young child who presents with macrocytic anemia and neurological features while awaiting biochemical and genetic work up. We detected multiple biochemical abnormalities with the help of untargeted metabolomics analysis associated with abnormal flavin adenine nucleotide function which normalized after treatment, emphasizing the reversible pathomechanisms involved in this disorder. The utility of untargeted metabolomics analysis to monitor the effects of riboflavin supplementation in RTD has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishitha R Pillai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hitha Amin
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Niveen Issaq
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Alison A Bertuch
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - V Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah H Elsea
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
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9
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Rabbani B, Bakhshandeh MK, Navaeifar MR, Abbaskhanian A, Soveizi M, Geravandpoor S, Mahdieh N. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome and Fazio-Londe syndrome: A novel mutation and in silico analyses. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 72:342-349. [PMID: 31959559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, a rare neurological disorder is due to SLC52A3 mutations. Here, the SLC52A3 protein and its mutations are in silico structurally and functionally analyzed among all the reported patients and a novel mutation is also reported. After clinical evaluations, SLC52A3 gene was sequenced and segregation analysis of the mutations was also checked. A comprehensive search was performed on the reported mutations of SLC52A3 gene. In silico structural and functional analyses of the mutations and interactome analyses of the protein were done using available software tools. Mutations of 37 affected individuals were identified. Thirty three mutations were determined. c.502A > C was a novel variant that it was segregated within the family. One mutation (c.639C > G) was responsible for 12% of the mutations. Segregation analysis, secondary structure, functional prediction achieved for the novel mutation showed pathogenicity of this variant. BVVL is a very rare disorder; SLC52A3 mutations are distributed among different populations and there might be one frequent mutation in this gene. BVVL should be more considered in Iran. In addition to segregation analysis, computational analyses could accelerate understanding the extent of pathogenicity of the novel variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Rabbani
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Bakhshandeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad university,Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Navaeifar
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Abbaskhanian
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soveizi
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahpour Geravandpoor
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nejat Mahdieh
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Mutlu B, Topçu MT, Çiprut A. A Case with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome: A Sudden Onset Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 57:201-205. [PMID: 32128519 DOI: 10.5152/tao.2019.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (BVVLS) is a rare neurological disorder that may present at all ages with sensorineural hearing loss, bulbar palsy and respiratory compromise. We describe a 6-year-old male patient who suffered bilateral sudden onset severe hearing loss for two years. Audiological investigations revealed sudden onset auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder bilaterally. He also had neurological complaints. During riboflavin therapy an improvement in hearing loss and the benefit of hearing aids were observed. In BVVLS, it is difficult to plan and apply auditory rehabilitation interventions and the results vary from patient to patient. In audiological evaluation, it should be borne in mind that subjective and objective tests are complemental. Early medical intervention and regular audiological follow-up are very important for effective hearing rehabilitation in the patients with BVVLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Mutlu
- Department of Audiology, İstanbul Medeniyet University School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Torun Topçu
- Department of Audiology, İstanbul Medeniyet University School of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayça Çiprut
- Department of Audiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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11
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Shi K, Shi Z, Yan H, Wang X, Yang Y, Xiong H, Gu Q, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Wang J. A Chinese pedigree with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome due to two novel mutations of SLC52A2 gene: clinical course and response to riboflavin. BMC Med Genet 2019; 20:76. [PMID: 31064337 PMCID: PMC6505200 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0811-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome (BVVLS), a rare neurological disorder characterized by motor, sensory, and cranial neuronopathies, is mainly associated with defective riboflavin transporters encoded by SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 genes. Clinical outcomes have been shown to be improved significantly by high-dose riboflavin supplementation. The aim of this study was to identify genetic causes and further evaluate the clinical course and response to riboflavin in a Chinese pedigree with BVVLS. Case presentation We report the novel compound heterozygous variants c.1328G>A p.(Cys443Tyr) and c.1022_1023insC p. (Leu341Profs*103) of SLC52A2 gene in a female proband who presented in our out-patient clinic at the age of one-year-old with progressive mental and motor regression, breath holding, and brain stem dysfunction including facial weakness, hearing loss, dysphagia. Following high-dose riboflavin supplementation, the respiratory insufficiency and mental, motor, and bulbar function improved. However, sensorineural hearing loss was not improved. The missense variant site was highly conserved. Both variants were not found in the population database gnomAD. The two variants were inherited from her mother and father, respectively. Both variants were predicted to be deleterious by Polyphen2, Mutation taster, and SIFT and were classified as likely pathogenic according to the ACMG guideline. Conclusions Two novel pathogenic variations of SLC52A2 gene were firstly found from a Chinese pedigree with BVVLS. Clinical outcomes could be improved by early diagnosis and riboflavin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan, 030013, China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Huifang Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | | | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Jingmin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Study on Pediatric Genetic Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China. .,Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health and Family Planning Commission, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva B Forman
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Temple Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
| | - A Reghan Foley
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary D King
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Temple Street, Dublin 1, Ireland; Academic Centre on Rare Diseases, School of Medicine and Medical Science,University College Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Nimmo GAM, Ejaz R, Cordeiro D, Kannu P, Mercimek-Andrews S. Riboflavin transporter deficiency mimicking mitochondrial myopathy caused by complex II deficiency. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 176:399-403. [PMID: 29193829 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic likely pathogenic variants in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 cause riboflavin transporter deficiency. It is characterized by muscle weakness, ataxia, progressive ponto-bulbar palsy, amyotrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss. Oral riboflavin halts disease progression and may reverse symptoms. We report two new patients whose clinical and biochemical features were mimicking mitochondrial myopathy. Patient 1 is an 8-year-old male with global developmental delay, axial and appendicular hypotonia, ataxia, and sensorineural hearing loss. His muscle biopsy showed complex II deficiency and ragged red fibers consistent with mitochondrial myopathy. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in SLC52A2 (c.917G>A; p.Gly306Glu). Patient 2 is a 14-month-old boy with global developmental delay, respiratory insufficiency requiring ventilator support within the first year of life. His muscle biopsy revealed combined complex II + III deficiency and ragged red fibers consistent with mitochondrial myopathy. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous likely pathogenic variant in SCL52A3 (c.1223G>A; p.Gly408Asp). We report two new patients with riboflavin transporter deficiency, caused by mutations in two different riboflavin transporter genes. Both patients presented with complex II deficiency. This treatable neurometabolic disorder can mimic mitochondrial myopathy. In patients with complex II deficiency, riboflavin transporter deficiency should be included in the differential diagnosis to allow early treatment and improve neurodevelopmental outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme A M Nimmo
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Resham Ejaz
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn Cordeiro
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Kannu
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saadet Mercimek-Andrews
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Manole A, Jaunmuktane Z, Hargreaves I, Ludtmann MHR, Salpietro V, Bello OD, Pope S, Pandraud A, Horga A, Scalco RS, Li A, Ashokkumar B, Lourenço CM, Heales S, Horvath R, Chinnery PF, Toro C, Singleton AB, Jacques TS, Abramov AY, Muntoni F, Hanna MG, Reilly MM, Revesz T, Kullmann DM, Jepson JEC, Houlden H. Clinical, pathological and functional characterization of riboflavin-responsive neuropathy. Brain 2017; 140:2820-2837. [PMID: 29053833 PMCID: PMC5808726 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome represents a phenotypic spectrum of motor, sensory, and cranial nerve neuropathy, often with ataxia, optic atrophy and respiratory problems leading to ventilator-dependence. Loss-of-function mutations in two riboflavin transporter genes, SLC52A2 and SLC52A3, have recently been linked to Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. However, the genetic frequency, neuropathology and downstream consequences of riboflavin transporter mutations are unclear. By screening a large cohort of 132 patients with early-onset severe sensory, motor and cranial nerve neuropathy we confirmed the strong genetic link between riboflavin transporter mutations and Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, identifying 22 pathogenic mutations in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3, 14 of which were novel. Brain and spinal cord neuropathological examination of two cases with SLC52A3 mutations showed classical symmetrical brainstem lesions resembling pathology seen in mitochondrial disease, including severe neuronal loss in the lower cranial nerve nuclei, anterior horns and corresponding nerves, atrophy of the spinothalamic and spinocerebellar tracts and posterior column–medial lemniscus pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction has previously been implicated in an array of neurodegenerative disorders. Since riboflavin metabolites are critical components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, we hypothesized that reduced riboflavin transport would result in impaired mitochondrial activity, and confirmed this using in vitro and in vivo models. Electron transport chain complex I and complex II activity were decreased in SLC52A2 patient fibroblasts, while global knockdown of the single Drosophila melanogaster riboflavin transporter homologue revealed reduced levels of riboflavin, downstream metabolites, and electron transport chain complex I activity. This in turn led to abnormal mitochondrial membrane potential, respiratory chain activity and morphology. Riboflavin transporter knockdown in Drosophila also resulted in severely impaired locomotor activity and reduced lifespan, mirroring patient pathology, and these phenotypes could be partially rescued using a novel esterified derivative of riboflavin. Our findings expand the genetic, clinical and neuropathological features of Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a downstream consequence of riboflavin transporter gene defects, and validate riboflavin esters as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Manole
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Zane Jaunmuktane
- Division of Neuropathology and Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Iain Hargreaves
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marthe H R Ludtmann
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Oscar D Bello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Simon Pope
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Amelie Pandraud
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alejandro Horga
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Renata S Scalco
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Abi Li
- Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies and Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Charles M Lourenço
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Simon Heales
- Chemical Pathology, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rita Horvath
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.,MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Camilo Toro
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Thomas S Jacques
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Tamas Revesz
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,Reta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies and Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Dimitri M Kullmann
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - James E C Jepson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Laboratory, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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15
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Thulasi V, Veerapandiyan A, Pletcher BA, Tong CM, Ming X. A Case of Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome Due To a Novel Mutation in SLC52A3 Gene: Clinical Course and Response to Riboflavin. Child Neurol Open 2017; 4:2329048X17725610. [PMID: 28856173 PMCID: PMC5570109 DOI: 10.1177/2329048x17725610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by motor, sensory, and cranial neuronopathies, associated with mutations in SLC52A2 and SLC52A3 genes that code for human riboflavin transporters RFVT2 and RFVT3, respectively. The authors describe the clinical course of a 6-year-old girl with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome and a novel homozygous mutation c.1156T>C in the SLC52A3 gene, who presented at the age of 2.5 years with progressive brain stem dysfunction including ptosis, facial weakness, hearing loss, dysphagia, anarthria with bilateral vocal cord paralysis, and ataxic gait. She subsequently developed respiratory failure requiring tracheostomy and worsening dysphagia necessitating a gastrostomy. Following riboflavin supplementation, resolution of facial diplegia and ataxia, improvements in ptosis, and bulbar function including vocalization and respiration were noted. However, her sensorineural hearing loss remained unchanged. Similar to other cases of Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, our patient responded favorably to early riboflavin supplementation with significant but not complete neurologic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatraman Thulasi
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Aravindhan Veerapandiyan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Beth A Pletcher
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Chun M Tong
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Xue Ming
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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16
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Allison T, Roncero I, Forsyth R, Coffman K, Pichon JBL. Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere Syndrome as a Mimic of Neuroimmune Disorders: 3 Cases From the Clinic and Review of the Literature. J Child Neurol 2017; 32:528-532. [PMID: 28116953 DOI: 10.1177/0883073816689517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present 3 patients identified at 2 different institutions with Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. Each patient was initially diagnosed with a neuroimmune disorder for a period of a few weeks to a few months. In each case, genetic analysis revealed mutations in one of the riboflavin transporters, confirming Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. It is likely that Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome is more common than previously reported, and because it mimics neuroimmune disorders, it may be misdiagnosed as such. It shares many features with diseases such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy, may present with positive cerebrospinal fluid antibody titers, and may transiently respond to intravenous immunoglobulin. We review the literature on Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome and Fazio-Londe syndrome, 2 riboflavin transporter disorders, looking for clinical presentations that may lead to confusion with neuroimmune disorders. We emphasize the importance of correctly diagnosing the disease, as its treatment is relatively benign and will stop progression of the disease and may even reverse it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Allison
- 1 Division of Neurology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Inés Roncero
- 2 Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Forsyth
- 2 Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Coffman
- 1 Division of Neurology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
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17
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Srour M, Putorti ML, Schwartzentruber J, Bolduc V, Shevell MI, Poulin C, O'ferrall E, Buhas D, Majewski J, Brais B. Mutations in riboflavin transporter present with severe sensory loss and deafness in childhood. Muscle Nerve 2014; 50:775-9. [PMID: 24616084 DOI: 10.1002/mus.24224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We have identified a large consanguineous Lebanese family with 5 individuals with severe childhood-onset recessive sensory loss associated with deafness and variable optic atrophy. METHODS Autozygosity mapping was performed in all affected individuals, followed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 2 individuals. RESULTS WES identified a homozygous missense mutation (c.916G>A, p.G306R) in the cerebral riboflavin transporter SLC52A2, recently shown to cause Brown-Vialetto-Van-Laere syndrome (BVVLS), which is considered primarily a motor neuronopathy. Our patients have a phenotype distinct from BVVLS, characterized by severe progressive sensory loss mainly affecting vibration and proprioception that evolves to include sensorineural hearing loss in childhood, variable degrees of optic atrophy, and marked upper extremity weakness and atrophy. Treatment of 3 patients with 400 mg/day riboflavin over 3 months produced definite clinical improvement. CONCLUSIONS Mutations in SLC52A2 result in a recognizable phenotype distinct from BVVLS. Early recognition of this disorder is critical, given its potential treatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Srour
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics of Motion, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital-McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Canada
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18
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Foley AR, Menezes MP, Pandraud A, Gonzalez MA, Al-Odaib A, Abrams AJ, Sugano K, Yonezawa A, Manzur AY, Burns J, Hughes I, McCullagh BG, Jungbluth H, Lim MJ, Lin JP, Megarbane A, Urtizberea JA, Shah AH, Antony J, Webster R, Broomfield A, Ng J, Mathew AA, O’Byrne JJ, Forman E, Scoto M, Prasad M, O’Brien K, Olpin S, Oppenheim M, Hargreaves I, Land JM, Wang MX, Carpenter K, Horvath R, Straub V, Lek M, Gold W, Farrell MO, Brandner S, Phadke R, Matsubara K, McGarvey ML, Scherer SS, Baxter PS, King MD, Clayton P, Rahman S, Reilly MM, Ouvrier RA, Christodoulou J, Züchner S, Muntoni F, Houlden H. Treatable childhood neuronopathy caused by mutations in riboflavin transporter RFVT2. Brain 2014; 137:44-56. [PMID: 24253200 PMCID: PMC3891447 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood onset motor neuron diseases or neuronopathies are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders. A particularly severe subgroup first described in 1894, and subsequently called Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, is characterized by progressive pontobulbar palsy, sensorineural hearing loss and respiratory insufficiency. There has been no treatment for this progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which leads to respiratory failure and usually death during childhood. We recently reported the identification of SLC52A2, encoding riboflavin transporter RFVT2, as a new causative gene for Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. We used both exome and Sanger sequencing to identify SLC52A2 mutations in patients presenting with cranial neuropathies and sensorimotor neuropathy with or without respiratory insufficiency. We undertook clinical, neurophysiological and biochemical characterization of patients with mutations in SLC52A2, functionally analysed the most prevalent mutations and initiated a regimen of high-dose oral riboflavin. We identified 18 patients from 13 families with compound heterozygous or homozygous mutations in SLC52A2. Affected individuals share a core phenotype of rapidly progressive axonal sensorimotor neuropathy (manifesting with sensory ataxia, severe weakness of the upper limbs and axial muscles with distinctly preserved strength of the lower limbs), hearing loss, optic atrophy and respiratory insufficiency. We demonstrate that SLC52A2 mutations cause reduced riboflavin uptake and reduced riboflavin transporter protein expression, and we report the response to high-dose oral riboflavin therapy in patients with SLC52A2 mutations, including significant and sustained clinical and biochemical improvements in two patients and preliminary clinical response data in 13 patients with associated biochemical improvements in 10 patients. The clinical and biochemical responses of this SLC52A2-specific cohort suggest that riboflavin supplementation can ameliorate the progression of this neurodegenerative condition, particularly when initiated soon after the onset of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Reghan Foley
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Manoj P. Menezes
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Amelie Pandraud
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Michael A. Gonzalez
- 5 Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Odaib
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- 6 Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
- 7 Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander J. Abrams
- 5 Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Kumiko Sugano
- 8 Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- 8 Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Adnan Y. Manzur
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Joshua Burns
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Imelda Hughes
- 9 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - B. Gary McCullagh
- 9 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- 10 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Evelina Children’s Hospital, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- 11 Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King’s College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- 12 Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Ming J. Lim
- 10 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Evelina Children’s Hospital, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jean-Pierre Lin
- 10 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Evelina Children’s Hospital, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Andre Megarbane
- 13 Unité de Génétique Médicale et laboratoire associe INSERM UMR S_910, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | | | - Ayaz H. Shah
- 15 Royal Aberdeen Children’s Hospital, Aberdeen, AB15 6XS, UK
| | - Jayne Antony
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - Alexander Broomfield
- 16 Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Joanne Ng
- 17 Neurology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Ann A. Mathew
- 17 Neurology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - James J. O’Byrne
- 18 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s University Hospital, Dublin, 1, Ireland
| | - Eva Forman
- 18 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s University Hospital, Dublin, 1, Ireland
| | - Mariacristina Scoto
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Manish Prasad
- 19 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Katherine O’Brien
- 20 Department of Audiology, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - Simon Olpin
- 21 Clinical Chemistry, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Marcus Oppenheim
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Iain Hargreaves
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - John M. Land
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Min X. Wang
- 22 Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, 2050, Australia
| | - Kevin Carpenter
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- 23 Discipline of Genetic Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Rita Horvath
- 24 Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Volker Straub
- 24 Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Monkol Lek
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | - Wendy Gold
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- 6 Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
| | | | - Sebastian Brandner
- 26 Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rahul Phadke
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
- 26 Division of Neuropathology, UCL Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- 8 Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Michael L. McGarvey
- 27 Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Steven S. Scherer
- 27 Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Peter S. Baxter
- 19 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Sheffield Children’s Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Mary D. King
- 18 Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children’s University Hospital, Dublin, 1, Ireland
| | - Peter Clayton
- 28 Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Shamima Rahman
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- 16 Metabolic Medicine Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
- 28 Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Mary M. Reilly
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Robert A. Ouvrier
- 2 Institute for Neuroscience and Muscle Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- 3 Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- 6 Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, 2145, Australia
- 23 Discipline of Genetic Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Stephan Züchner
- 5 Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics and Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- 1 Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- 4 Department of Molecular Neuroscience and the MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology and the Neurometabolic Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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