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Zhou F, Zhang P, Zhang T, Ma Y, Li J, Zeng M, Yu B, Yu G. Case report: regression of aspiration pneumonitis after nasal endoscopic repair of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid nasal leak. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5778-5784. [PMID: 37854238 PMCID: PMC10579022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Aspiration pneumonitis is an inflammatory lung disease caused by the inhalation of oropharyngeal secretions colonized by pathogenic bacteria. Accurate diagnosis of aspiration pneumonitis can be challenging, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is often overlooked as a rare cause of aspiration. In this case report, we present the case of a 48-year-old male patient who experienced right-sided nasal flow of clear watery secretions for 6 months, accompanied by a dry cough as the major symptom. Through comprehensive assessment of clinical symptoms, sinus imaging, nasal endoscopy, and relevant laboratory testing, a presumptive diagnosis of traumatic cribriform plate fracture with CSF rhinorrhea was made. Chest imaging revealed flocculent ground glass shadows in the bilateral lungs. After ruling out viral pneumonia, nasal endoscopic repair of the skull base defect was performed. The patient's dry cough and rhinorrhea symptoms resolved within 1 week after surgery, and the pneumonia showed significant improvement and complete resolution within 2 weeks postoperatively. Despite the absence of characteristic symptoms and evident inhalation factors, chronic CSF rhinorrhea caused by the cribriform plate fracture was ultimately identified as the primary etiology of the patient's aspiration pneumonitis. This rare case highlights the importance of considering traumatic CSF rhinorrhea as an uncommon cause of aspiration, which can enhance physicians' awareness and focus on the less-common etiologies of aspiration. Such awareness can contribute to more accurate diagnosis and early operative intervention, particularly in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fengdu People’s HospitalFengdu County, Chongqing 408200, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianyao Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Mengting Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Bingxi Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xingyi People’s HospitalXingyi 562400, Guizhou, China
| | - Guodong Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
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Zhou X, Wang Y, Chen N, Pang B, Liu M, Cai K, Kobayashi N. Surveillance of Human Rotaviruses in Wuhan, China (2019-2022): Whole-Genome Analysis of Emerging DS-1-like G8P[8] Rotavirus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12189. [PMID: 37569563 PMCID: PMC10419309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are major etiologic agents of gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. To study the prevalence and genetic characteristics of RVAs, a hospital-based surveillance study was conducted in Wuhan, China from June 2019 through May 2022. The detection rates of RVAs were 19.40% (142/732) and 3.51% (8/228) in children and adults, respectively. G9P[8] was the predominant genotype, followed by G8P[8] and G3P[8]. G8P[8] emerged and was dominant in the 2021-2022 epidemic season. The genome constellation of six G8P[8] strains was assigned to G8-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the VP7, VP4, VP2, VP3, NSP1, NSP2, NSP3, and NSP5 genes of these G8P[8] strains clustered closely with those of the G8P[8] strains in Asia and were distant from those of the P[8] and G2P[4] strains simultaneously detected in Wuhan. In contrast, the VP1, VP6, and NSP4 genes were closely related to the typical G2P[4] rotavirus, including those of G2P[4] strains simultaneously detected in Wuhan. The detection rate of RVAs decreased in the COVID-19 pandemic era. It was deduced that the G8P[8] rotaviruses that emerged in China may be reassortants, carrying the VP6, VP1, and NSP4 genes derived from the G2P[4] rotavirus in the backbone of the neighboring DS-1-like G8P[8] strains represented by CAU17L-103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Division of Microbiology, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Yuanhong Wang
- Division of Microbiology, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Beibei Pang
- Division of Microbiology, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Manqing Liu
- Division of Microbiology, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430024, China; (X.Z.); (B.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Kun Cai
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430079, China;
| | - Nobumichi Kobayashi
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan;
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Ferlito R, Panebianco P, Rizzo V, Prestianni I, Sapienza M, Ilardo M, Musumeci M, Pavone V, Testa G. The Onset of Musculoskeletal Pain in the COVID-19 Era: A Survey of Physiotherapy Students in Sicily. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:91. [PMID: 37489304 PMCID: PMC10366932 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8030091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Online teaching has resulted in university students adopting a sedentary lifestyle. Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity due to pandemic restrictions have led to musculoskeletal pain in various body areas, significantly impacting students' quality of life. This study aims to investigate the effects of remote learning on Sicilian physiotherapy students during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically focusing on the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain. An observational study was conducted using an online survey administered through Google Forms. The survey consisted of 26 multiple-choice questions and was distributed to students enrolled in physiotherapy programs at the universities of Catania, Messina, and Palermo. Participants were contacted via social channels or email, and data collection spanned 5 weeks. The collected data were analyzed using R software. A total of 128 questionnaires were collected. At the time of compilation, most respondents (n = 103/201, 51.2%) were enrolled in the third year of the course of study in physiotherapy at the universities of Catania, Messina, and Palermo. Their ages ranged between 22 and 25 years (43.3%), and most were female (n = 104/201, 51.7%). More than half of the students (51.6%) reported dedicating 15-22 h per week to distance learning for a duration of 6-12 months (50%). Regarding study location, most students preferred studying at a desk (82.8%), and slightly over half (57.8%) adopted a backrest while studying remotely. Analysis of the students' posture during study hours revealed common positions, including tilting the head forward by more than 20 degrees (47.8%), leaning the trunk forward by more than 20 degrees (71.9%), hunching both shoulders forward (57.0%), wrists positioned above the level of the elbows (46.1%), thighs pointing upwards (41.4%), and one or both feet in a downward or dorsiflexed position (69.5%). In conclusion the questionnaire responses indicate that the lifestyle of university students, influenced by online teaching, has deteriorated, leading to musculoskeletal pain, including myofascial pain. These results are primarily influenced by the adopted posture and the duration of time spent in these positions. Additionally, research is needed to identify the most effective therapeutic approaches for managing musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Ferlito
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Panebianco
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ignazio Prestianni
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Sapienza
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Ilardo
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Musumeci
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Vito Pavone
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gianluca Testa
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico-San Marco, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Salarvand S, Mousavi MS, Rahimi M. Communication and cooperation challenges in the online classroom in the COVID-19 era: a qualitative study. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:201. [PMID: 36997921 PMCID: PMC10062265 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of COVID-19 affected all aspects of life, including education. Communication and interaction are vital in any form of education. This study explained health profession educators' and students' experiences regarding the challenges of communication and cooperation in exclusively online classrooms during the COVID-19 era. METHODS The present descriptive explanatory qualitative study examined health profession educators' and students' experiences with exclusively online classrooms during the COVID-19 era. They were included in the study by purposive sampling. In-depth and semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted to collect data. The content analysis presented by Graneheim and Lundman was used to analyze the data. The present study employed four strength criteria: credibility, confirmability, transferability, and dependability. RESULTS The results of the present study included communication and cooperation challenges in exclusively online classrooms related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Two themes emerged from 400 open codes: lack of students' socialization and communication-related concerns, which each had subcategories. CONCLUSIONS Lack of students' socialization and communication problems were identified as the participants' main experiences. Defects in teacher training due to the sudden transition to virtual education, acquiring a professional identity that is possible in in-person education was also flawed. The participants experienced challenges in their class activities, leading to a decrease in trust, a lack of motivation to learn from students, and teachers' teaching. Policymakers and authorities should adopt new tools and techniques to improve exclusively virtual education outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Salarvand
- Hepatitis Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh-Sadat Mousavi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Rahimi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Health Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, First Floor, No. 47, Hajian Lane, Simin St., Isfahan, 81769-35747 Iran
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Alao MA, Ogunbosi BO, Ibrahim OR. Trends in Rifampicin Resistance Among Children With Presumptive TB in the Pre-COVID and COVID-Era. Glob Pediatr Health 2023; 10:2333794X231156048. [PMID: 36814532 PMCID: PMC9939620 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x231156048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Publications on COVID-19's impact on the global tuberculosis burden are from adult cohorts, pediatric data are lacking for inform decision. We compared the TB trends in southern Nigerian children in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study of early morning sputum/gastric washing or stool samples from children with presumptive TB evaluated using GeneXpert in a tertiary hospital from January 2016 to May 2022. Of the 20 589 persons screened for presumed TB in the pre-COVID-19 and the COVID-19 era, only 1104 (88.7%) of 1245 children had complete data for analysis. In the COVID era, a significantly higher number of children were presumed to have TB 755 (68.4%), P < .001. The overall incidence of MTB detected by Xpert MTB/RIF during the study period was 6.4% (71/1104). The incidence of MTB in the pre-COVID-19 era was 24/349 (6.9%), which was slightly higher than the COVID-19 era (47/755; 6.2%), P > .05). The annual trends of MTB detected peaked in 2019 [18/115; 15.7%] in the pre-COVID-19 era, then plummeted to 12/228 (5.3%) in 2020 in the COVID-19 era, and reached its all-time low of 6/160 (3.8%) in the first half of 2022, (P < .001). The overall incidence of Rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) was 2.8% among the MTB detected cases and all occurred in the COVID-19 era. This study found a significant decline in MTB diagnosis and in the emergence of RR-TB in the COVID-19 era. This necessitates re-prioritizing worldwide efforts to manage childhood tuberculosis, including increased testing, if the aim of eliminating tuberculosis by 2035 is to be met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Abel Alao
- Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Oyo State, Nigeria
- College of Medicine University of Ibadan & University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Michael Abel Alao, Department of Pediatrics, University College Hospital, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Oyo State 200212, Nigeria and the Department of Pediatrics, Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Box 15, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Emails: ;
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Wang X, Weng X, Pan N, Li X, Lin L, Jing J. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the United States is Stable in the COVID-19 Era. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-05915-w. [PMID: 36757542 PMCID: PMC9909151 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05915-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the United States (US) have been monitoring the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence, whether the prevalence has continued to increase, decrease, fluctuate or reached a stable level remained unclear during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have requested the 2016-2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data in the United States to estimate weighted ASD prevalence and assess linearity/nonlinearity in the time trend. We did not observe linear or nonlinear trends of the ASD prevalence during the 2016-2021 periods. The current ASD prevalence experienced a 0.3% drop from 2019 to 2020 but a 0.3% uptick in 2021, suggesting a stable trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings shed lights on the need for the modified strategy of monitor ASD prevalence during the COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- grid.263785.d0000 0004 0368 7397Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuchu Weng
- grid.263785.d0000 0004 0368 7397Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, 510631 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Pan
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XResearch Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiuhong Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XResearch Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Lizi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jin Jing
- Research Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zou
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Ali Cheshmehzangi
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China.,Network for Education and Research on Peace and Sustainability (NERPS), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Bea VJ, Jerome-D'Emilia B, Antoine F, Wiggins P, Hyman D, Robles-Rodriguez E. Sister, Give Me Your Hand: a Qualitative Focus Group Study on Beliefs and Barriers to Mammography Screening in Black Women During the COVID-19 Era. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2022. [PMID: 35731462 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-022-01332-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aims/Purpose To evaluate current day challenges and beliefs about breast cancer screening for Black women in two diverse northeast communities in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Background Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the USA. Although Black women are less likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer, they suffer a higher mortality. Early detection of breast cancer can be accomplished through routine screening mammography, yet the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on mammography screening barriers and perception in minority communities is uncertain. Methods Five focus group interviews were conducted as the first phase of a mixed method study across two heterogeneously diverse locations, Camden, New Jersey, and Brooklyn, New York. Results Thirty-three women participated in this study; sixteen women were recruited at the New Jersey location and seventeen at the New York location. Only two thirds of the women stated that they had received a mammogram within the last 2 years. The major themes were binary: I get screened or I do not get screened. Subthemes were categorized as patient related or system related. Conclusions Our findings on factors that affect breast cancer screening decisions during the COVID-19 era include barriers that are related to poverty and insurance status, as well as those that are related to medical mistrust and negative healthcare experiences. Community outreach efforts should concentrate on building trust, providing equitable digital access, and skillfully addressing breast health perceptions.
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Pérez-Luño A, Díez Piñol M, Dolan SL. Exploring High vs. Low Burnout amongst Public Sector Educators: COVID-19 Antecedents and Profiles. IJERPH 2022; 19:780. [PMID: 35055602 PMCID: PMC8776078 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a prolonged impact on many people working in different sectors. This paper focuses on the psychological stress consequences of professionals working in the educational sector in Andalucía (Spain). Using a sample of 340 educators, this empirical paper identifies the antecedents and profiles of those that ended up with burnout vs. those that were able to develop resilience. Results from OLS regressions show that regardless of the origins of stress, the principal determinant of burnout is clearly a lack of support and a perception of an inability to control a situation. Furthermore, results also show that working sources have a higher impact on the configuration of high burnout, while family sources harm those who are more resilient (low burnout).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pérez-Luño
- Business Administration Department, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 13, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | | | - Simon L Dolan
- Global Future of Work Foundation, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
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Chien F, Hsu CC, Zhang Y, Tran TD, Li L. Assessing the impact of green fiscal policies and energy poverty on energy efficiency. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:4363-4374. [PMID: 34406567 PMCID: PMC8371299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This article estimates the ties between green fiscal policies and energy efficiency in COVID-19 era. For this purpose, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is considered and applied. The study findings show that green fiscal policies, such as public supports and tax rebates, have significant role in reducing energy poverty of different international countries by advancing energy efficiency. Therefore, a panel data ranging from 2010 to 2020 is used. Our findings indicate that the aggregate degree of green fiscal policies help to decline energy poverty. Renewable energy companies had larger series of net fiscal competence and size efficiency, and their levels of energy efficiency were greater than 0.457%, with the 16% effect of current public supports and 11% effect of taxation rebates supported to diminish energy poverty with 29.7% in different international economies. This is a positive effect by green fiscal policies. The study also presented policy implications suggesting effectively implementing green fiscal policies for more efficient carbon reduction and making climate change supportive for peoples in post COVID-19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengsheng Chien
- School of Finance and Accounting, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, 350202 China
- Faculty of Business, City University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ching-Chi Hsu
- School of Finance and Accounting, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, 350202 China
| | - YunQian Zhang
- School of Finance and Accounting, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, 350202 China
- Faculty of International Tourism and Management, City University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Tai Duc Tran
- Faculty of Business Administration, Van Lang University, 45 Nguyen Khac Nhu, Dist.1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Li Li
- School of Finance and Accounting, Fuzhou University of International Studies and Trade, Fuzhou, 350202 China
- Faculty of International Tourism and Management, City University of Macau, Macau, China
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Chinedozi I, Martin O, Hays N, Kubicki NS, Kidd-Romero S, Kavic SM. Love at First Click: Surgery Residency Websites in the Virtual Era. J Surg Educ 2021; 78:2088-2093. [PMID: 34011477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frequently, a residency program's website is the first interaction students interested in surgery have with the program. In the setting of virtual interviews for residency in 2020, the online availability of program information is of heightened importance. We sought to assess how academic versus community-based general surgery residency programs compared with respect to certain details on their websites. METHODS A total of n = 268 surgery residency programs were investigated. Our database of website characteristics included: direct link to residency website from the American Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) program page, resident research requirement, listing of residents' publications, availability of residents' demographic information, program alumni information, board pass rates, attrition rate, detail of educational/academic activities, residents' evaluation methods, diversity, and mentorship. Inter-group analyses between academic and community-based programs were performed using Pearson's Chi-squared test. RESULTS Academic and community-based general surgery residency program websites were compared based on twelve (12) different parameters. Statistically significant differences were observed for eight of these comparisons: direct website access from ACGME (p = 0.007), research highlighted (p < 0.001), resident research requirement (p = 0.002), resident demographic information available (p=0.004), alumni information (p = 0.005), resident evaluation methods (p = 0.016), diversity (p < 0.001), and mentorship (p = 0.012). Across these domains, academic programs had more information available on their websites than the community programs did. The program websites did not differ significantly based on the frequency of mentioning resident publications, board pass rate, attrition rate, or resident education. CONCLUSION Many general surgery programs are lacking detailed information on their websites. The amount of website information available on general surgery residency programs differs when comparing academic and community-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Martin
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nicole Hays
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | - Stephen M Kavic
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Shinjoh M, Furuichi M, Narabayashi A, Kamei A, Yoshida N, Takahashi T. Risk factors in pediatric hospitalization for influenza A and B during the seven seasons immediately before the COVID-19 era in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2021; 27:1735-1742. [PMID: 34454832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk factors in pediatric influenza immediately before the COVID-19 era are not well understood. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization in pediatric influenza A and B for the recent seasons. METHODS Children with a fever of ≥38 °C and laboratory-confirmed influenza at 20 hospitals in outpatient settings in Japan in the 2013/14 to 2019/20 seasons were retrospectively reviewed. Possible risk factors, including gender, age, comorbidities, nursery school or kindergarten attendance, earlier diagnosis, no immunization, lower regional temperature, earlier season, and period of onset, were evaluated using binary logistic regression methods. RESULTS A total of 13,040 (type A, 8861; B, 4179) children were evaluated. Significant risk factors (p < 0.05) in multivariate analyses were young age, lower regional temperature, earlier season, respiratory illness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.84-4.13), abnormal behavior and/or unusual speech (aOR:2.78, 95% CI:1.61-4.80), and seizures at onset (aOR:16.8, 95% CI:12.1-23.3) for influenza A; and young age, lower regional temperature, respiratory illness (aOR:1.99, 95% CI:1.00-3.95), history of febrile seizures (aOR:1.73, 95% CI:1.01-2.99), and seizures at onset (aOR:9.74, 95% CI:5.44-17.4) for influenza B. CONCLUSIONS In addition to previously known factors, including young age, seizures, and respiratory illness, abnormal behavior and/or unusual speech and lower regional temperature are new factors. Negative immunization status was not a risk factor for hospitalization. A better understanding of risk factors may help improve the determination of indications for hospitalization during the future co-circulation of influenza and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Shinjoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Munehiro Furuichi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Narabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, 12-1 Shinkawa-dori, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, 210-0013, Japan.
| | - Akinobu Kamei
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, 1-1 Mitsuzawa Nishimachi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0855, Japan.
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Takao Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Pan WT, Huang QY, Yang ZY, Zhu FY, Pang YN, Zhuang ME. Determinants of Tourism Stocks During the COVID-19: Evidence From the Deep Learning Models. Front Public Health 2021; 9:675801. [PMID: 33898386 PMCID: PMC8062709 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.675801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the determinants of tourism stock returns in China from October 25, 2018, to October 21, 2020, including the COVID-19 era. We propose four deep learning prediction models based on the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN): Quantum Swarm Intelligence Algorithms (QSIA), Quantum Step Fruit-Fly Optimization Algorithm (QSFOA), Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (QPSO) and Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA). Firstly, the rough dataset is used to reduce the dimension of the indices. Secondly, the number of neurons in the multilayer of BPNN is optimized by QSIA, QSFOA, QPSO, and QGA, respectively. Finally, the deep learning models are then used to establish prediction models with the best number of neurons under these three algorithms for the non-linear real stock returns. The results indicate that the QSFOA-BPNN model has the highest prediction accuracy among all models, and it is defined as the most effective feasible method. This evidence is robust to different sub-periods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiu-Yu Huang
- School of Business, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Rajput VK, Tuvar S, Bhalsing S, Bhalsing S. Resurgence of combined intravenous Ketamine and regional anesthesia in pediatric ocular surgery in COVID-19 pandemic. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:395-399. [PMID: 33463598 PMCID: PMC7933828 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2839_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The current pandemic of COVID-19 has made airway procedures like intubation and extubation, potential sources of virus transmission among health care workers. The aim of this work was to study the safety profile of combined ketamine and regional anesthesia in pediatric ocular surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This prospective study included pediatric patients undergoing ocular surgery under general anesthesia from April to October 2020. Children were premedicated with oral midazolam (0.25–0.50 mg/kg) or intramuscular ketamine (7-10 mg/kg), ondensetron (0.1 mg/kg) and atropine (0.02 mg/kg). Anesthesia was achieved with intravenous ketamine (4–5 mg/kg) and local anesthesia (peribulbar block or local infiltration). The patient's vital signs were monitored. Serious complications and postoperative adverse reactions related to anesthesia were documented. Results: A total of 55 children (62 eyes) were operated. Lid tear was the most common surgical procedure performed [n = 18 (32.7%)]. Dose of ketamine needed ranged from 30 to 120 mg (66.67 ± 30.45). No intubation or resuscitation was needed. Four children complained of nausea and two needed an additional dose of intravenous ondansetron due to vomiting in the post-operative period. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was not affected by age, duration of surgery or dose of ketamine used (P > 0.05). There was no correlation between increase in pulse and dose of ketamine. Conclusion: Combined ketamine and regional anesthesia is a safe and effective alternative to administer anesthesia in a child during ocular surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimal K Rajput
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Prime Vision Superspeciality Eye Care, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhash Tuvar
- Department of Anaestehsia, Prime Vision Superspeciality Eye Care, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shweta Bhalsing
- Department of Cataract Services, Prime Vision Superspeciality Eye Care, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Snehal Bhalsing
- Department of Vitreoretinal Services, Prime Vision Superspeciality Eye Care, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
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Mashamba-Thompson TP, Drain PK. Point-of-Care Diagnostic Services as an Integral Part of Health Services during the Novel Coronavirus 2019 Era. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E449. [PMID: 32635234 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic services are commonly associated with pathology laboratory services. This issue presents a holistic approach to POC diagnostics services from a variety of disciplines including pathology, radiological and information technology as well as mobile technology and artificial intelligence. This highlights the need for transdisciplinary collaboration to ensure the efficient development and implementation of point-of-care diagnostics. The advent of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has prompted rapid advances in the development of new POC diagnostics. Global private and public sector agencies have significantly increased their investment in the development of POC diagnostics. There is no longer a question about the availability and accessibility of POC diagnostics. The question is “how can POC diagnostic services be integrated into health services in way that is useful and acceptable in the COVID-19 era?”.
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Yoneoka Y, Aizawa N, Nonomura Y, Ogi M, Seki Y, Akiyama K. Traumatic Nonmissile Penetrating Transnasal Anterior Skull Base Fracture and Brain Injury with Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: Intraoperative Leak Detection and an Effective Reconstruction Procedure for a Localized Skull Base Defect Especially After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. World Neurosurg 2020; 140:166-172. [PMID: 32497852 PMCID: PMC7263210 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage after penetrating skull base injury is relatively rare compared with close head injuries involving skull base fractures. Case Description We report the case of a 65-year-old man who had presented with epistaxis and serous rhinorrhea. When he had fallen to the ground near his bee boxes, a garden pole had poked into his right nostril. He had instantly removed the pole from his nostril himself. However, immediately after removal of the pole, he had developed nasal bleeding and serous rhinorrhea. He then drove to our emergency room. Computed tomography showed pneumocephalus with a minor cerebral contusion in the left frontal lobe and a penetrating injury in the left anterior skull base. His CSF leakage had not resolve spontaneously within 1 week after the injury with strict bed rest. We repaired the CSF leakage using a fat (adipose tissue)-on-fascia autograft plug and caulked the defect in the anterior skull base with the fat-on-fascia graft (FFG) plug through the left nostril with endoscopic guidance. The CSF rhinorrhea was successfully controlled. Intranasal local application of fluorescein aided in the detection of the direction of flow of the CSF leakage. Conclusions Endonasal endoscopic caulking of a skull base defect using an FFG plug can be useful to treat CSF leakage due to the localized skull base defect, especially in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. It is simple, inexpensive, and timesaving. It requires no special skills nor sophisticated instruments that can cause aerosolization, reducing the risk of infection during the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Yoneoka
- Department of Neuorsurgery, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Naotaka Aizawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoriko Nonomura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Manabu Ogi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Seki
- Department of Neuorsurgery, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Akiyama
- Department of Neuorsurgery, Uonuma Institute of Community Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
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