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Seki T, Katsura M, Yamasaki M, Yamashita K, Kokushi E, Uno S. Effects of diphenhydramine exposure on reproduction of mature Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Chemosphere 2024; 358:142163. [PMID: 38697572 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Diphenhydramine (DPH) is an antihistamine drug. It has been frequently detected in the environment, because it is not completely degraded in wastewater treatment plants. Recent studies have shown the adverse effects of DPH exposure to various aquatic organisms; however, its chronic effects on fish have been poorly elucidated. In this study, several pairs of mature Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to DPH for a long period to determine the effects of DPH exposure on the subsequent generations, number of spawned and fertilized eggs, expression of sex-related genes, feeding behavior, embryo development, hatching rate, malformations among the hatched larvae, and mortality rate. The number of spawned eggs significantly decreased, when the parent fish were continuously exposed to 31.6 μg/L DPH for over 46 days. DPH exposure also altered the feeding behavior of medaka individuals, and increased the larval mortality rate. The effects of DPH exposure to fish may occur to some extent in the actual aquatic environment, although the risk evaluations in the field are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Seki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Motoaki Katsura
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamasaki
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamashita
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Emiko Kokushi
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Seiichi Uno
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
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Li J, Li W, Liu N, Du C. Chronic toxic effects of erythromycin and its photodegradation products on microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Aquat Toxicol 2024; 271:106922. [PMID: 38615581 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The photodegradation products (PDPs) of antibiotics in the aquatic environment received increasing concern, but their chronic effects on microalgae remain unclear. This study initially focused on examining the acute effects of erythromycin (ERY), then explored the chronic impacts of ERY PDPs on Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ERY of 4.0 - 32 mg/L ERY notably inhibited the cell growth and chlorophyll synthesis. The determined 96 h median effective concentration of ERY to C. pyrenoidosa was 11.78 mg/L. Higher concentrations of ERY induced more serious oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes alleviated the oxidative stress. 6 PDPs (PDP749, PDP747, PDP719, PDP715, PDP701 and PDP557) were identified in the photodegradation process of ERY. The predicted combined toxicity of PDPs increased in the first 3 h, then decreased. Chronic exposure showed a gradual decreasing inhibition on microalgae growth and chlorophyll content. The acute effect of ERY PDPs manifested as growth stimulation, but the chronic effect manifested as growth inhibition. The malonaldehyde contents decreased with the degradation time of ERY at 7, 14 and 21 d. However, the malonaldehyde contents of ERY PDPs treatments were elevated compared to those in the control group after 21 d. Risk assessment still need to consider the potential toxicity of degradation products under long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Cyanophytes Forecast and Ecological Restoration of Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Positioning Observation Station of Hung-tse Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Jiangsu Province, Hongze, Jiangsu 223100, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Naisen Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Cyanophytes Forecast and Ecological Restoration of Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Chenggong Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Cyanophytes Forecast and Ecological Restoration of Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
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Yan XL, Luo X, Xu M, Shi Y, Kang YJ, Wang HW. Effect of the defoliant tribufos on the reproductive ability of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Chemosphere 2024; 352:141430. [PMID: 38342149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
As a cotton defoliator, tribufos (S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate) is widespread in the environment. It can cause neurotoxicity in chickens, reproductive toxicity in rats, and can also cause headaches and nausea in humans. However, little is known about its impact on the reproduction of birds. Here, by analyzing the differences in reproductive indexs and histopathological characteristics, we investigated the chronic effects of 32 mg a.i./kg, 160 mg a.i./kg and 800 mg a.i./kg tribufos treatment on the reproductive ability of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). The results indicated that 32 mg a.i./kg and 160 mg a.i./kg tribufos treatment significantly reduced the food intake of quails, significantly increased the broken egg rate, and had adverse effects on gonads and liver tissue. The 160 mg a.i./kg tribufos treatment also significantly reduced the average egg production. Moreover, 800 mg a.i./kg treatment had significant negative effects on feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), eggshell thickness, egg production (EP), fertilization rate, hatchability and progeny 14-d survival rate, and it also significantly increased the broken egg rate. In addition, tribufos exposure caused lesions in quail gonads and liver tissue. Overall, our results revealed that tribufos had adverse effects on the reproductive ability of Japanese quail, especially at high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Li Yan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Man Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Yi-Jin Kang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environmental of China, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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Russo A, Boppre G, Schmidt C, Bohn L. Chronic hemodynamic adaptations induced by resistance training with and without blood flow restriction in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med Health Sci 2023; 5:259-268. [PMID: 38314050 PMCID: PMC10831382 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature were to examine the chronic effects of resistance training with blood flow restriction (RT-BFR) on hemodynamics, and to compare these adaptations to those induced by traditional resistance training (TRT) programs in adults (PROSPERO: Registry: CRD42022339510). A literature search was conducted across PubMed, Sports Discus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases. Two independent reviewers extracted study characteristics and blood pressure measures. Risk of bias (The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized controlled trials [RoB-2]), and the certainty of the evidence (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE]) were used. A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria for systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Regarding the comparison of RT-BFR vs. non-exercise, no significant differences favoring the exercise group were observed (p > 0.05). However, when compared to TRT, RT-BFR elicited additional improvements on DBP (-3.35; 95%CI -6.00 to -0.71; I2 = 14%; z = -2.48, p = 0.01), and on MAP (-3.96; 95%CI -7.94 to 0.02; I2 = 43%; z = -1.95, p = 0.05). Results indicate that RT-BFR may elicit a decrease in DBP in comparison with TRT, but the lack of data addressing this topic makes any conclusion speculative. Future research on this topic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Russo
- Lusofona University, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport, Porto, Portugal
| | - Giorjines Boppre
- University of Porto, Faculty of Sports (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
- Human Motricity Research Center, University Adventist, Chillan, Chile
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Portugal
| | - Cristine Schmidt
- University of Porto, Faculty of Sports (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Portugal
- Surgery and Physiology Department, University of Porto, Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucimere Bohn
- Lusofona University, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport, Porto, Portugal
- University of Porto, Faculty of Sports (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Portugal
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Li S, Chen J, Zhao J, Qi W, Liu H. The response of microbial compositions and functions to chronic single and multiple antibiotic exposure by batch experiment. Environment International 2023; 179:108181. [PMID: 37683505 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the response of the microbial community to external disturbances such as micropollutants is vital for ecological risk evaluation. In this study, the effect of chronic antibiotic exposure on community compositions and functions was investigated by two batch experiments. The first experiment investigated the effect of chronic sulfamethoxazole (SMX) exposure, while the second investigated the combined effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) sources and multi-antibiotic exposure. The results showed that the community responses to chronic antibiotic exposure depended on the dynamic balance among community resistance, adaptation, recovery, and selection, leading to nonlinear composition diversity variations. The disturbance strength of chronic SMX exposure increased with concentration (0.5-50 μg/L). However, complex sources and structures of coexisting organic matter might delay the disturbance by elevating metabolic activity and generating functional redundancy. Especially, when nutrient was a limiting factor, the disturbance strength by DOM source was greater than that by chronic antibiotic exposure. The resistance of abundant taxa to external distributions resulted in a low explanation of community diversity, while rare taxa played key roles in response to community variation and thereby affected community assembly. Long-term SMX exposure reduced the number of key species and favored the deterministic assembly process by 21%. However, elevated community adaptability might weaken the influence of antibiotic selection. Chronic SMX exposure elevated the relative abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2) by a factor of 1.2-4.3, while that of nitrogen-fixing genes (nifH, nifK) and the metabolic pathways related to the toluene, ethylbenzene, and dioxin degradation decreased. However, the combined influence of DOM sources and multi-antibiotic exposure barely caused the difference in the genes linking to element metabolism and drug resistance of microbial communities between blank and exposed groups. This study suggested that more concern should be given to the chronic environmental effect of organic micropollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siling Li
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junwen Chen
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weixiao Qi
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Mariani F, Di Lernia D, Venditti I, Pelella E, Muzzi M, Di Giulio A, Ceschin S. Trophic transfer of microplastics from producer (Lemna minuta) to primary consumer (Cataclysta lemnata) in a freshwater food chain. Sci Total Environ 2023:164459. [PMID: 37247734 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by microplastics (0.1 μm-5 mm plastic fragments) is currently one of the major threats to the conservation of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Growing awareness on this issue has led to an increase in studies on the effects of microplastics on freshwater organisms, although there are still few investigations on possible transfer of this contaminant along water trophic chains from producers to primary consumers. In this study, aquatic herbivorous larvae of the moth Cataclysta lemnata were fed on microplastic-free (control) and contaminated (MPs treatment) Lemna minuta fronds. For the treatments, Lemna plants were grown in mineral water enriched with fluorescent microparticles of poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) (MPs, 100 mg/L) and then fed to the larvae as a food source. Microplastics effects on larvae were tested at 0, 7, 14 and 21 days of exposure, corresponding to sensitive phases of the insect life cycle. Contaminant impact was assessed based on parameters such as viability, body size/weight of the larvae, feeding alterations and regularity of insect life cycle. Using scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy, the presence of microplastics in the larvae was verified. The finding of fluorescent microplastics in both the intestinal lumen and excrement samples showed that larvae ingested contaminated Lemna fronds. In addition, larvae fed contaminated fronds were strongly affected by the presence of microplastic contaminant over time, showing high mortality (90 %) and total inability to complete the life cycle after 21 days by failing to reach the winged adult phase. In control tests, survival rates were higher than in treatments, and 50 % of the larvae managed to pupate and emerge as moths, reaching the adult phase. The results show that there was a trophic transfer of microplastics from producer to primary consumer along a freshwater food chain, generating negative effects on the life cycle of this aquatic herbivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Mariani
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Di Lernia
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pelella
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Muzzi
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Giulio
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Simona Ceschin
- Department of Sciences, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy.
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Sobhani Z, Panneerselvan L, Fang C, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Chronic and Transgenerational Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations in Earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:2240-2246. [PMID: 34033687 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, soil contamination with microplastics has emerged as a serious global environmental concern that has necessitated more research on their potential impacts on soil biota. We investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of 2 different polystyrene microplastics, pure versus commercial (0-0.5% w/w in soil; sized 65-125 µm) on earthworm mortality, reproduction, and genotoxicity. Whereas the microplastics showed no acute toxicity in terms of mortality, reproduction was adversely affected in both parents (F0) and first filial generation (F1) of earthworms, with >50% reduction in juvenile production at 0.5% microplastics concentration in soil. Also, significant genotoxicity in terms of DNA damage was observed in the F0 and F1 earthworms. Chemical analysis of microplastic-exposed soils showed the presence of several benzene derivatives that are associated with polystyrene particles. Our study, for the first time to our knowledge, demonstrated the long-term adverse effects on earthworms of polystyrene microplastics even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The results have significant implications for risk assessment of polystyrene microplastics to soil biota. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2240-2246. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sobhani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Logeshwaran Panneerselvan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
| | - Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
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Linli Z, Huang X, Liu Z, Guo S, Sariah A. A multivariate pattern analysis of resting-state functional MRI data in Naïve and chronic betel quid chewers. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1222-1234. [PMID: 32712800 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Betel quid (BQ) is the fourth most commonly consumed psychoactive substance in the world. However, comprehensive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies exploring the neurophysiological mechanism of BQ addiction are lacking. Betel-quid-dependent (BQD) individuals (n = 24) and age-matched healthy controls (HC) (n = 26) underwent fMRI before and after chewing BQ. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was used to explore the acute effects of BQ-chewing in both groups. A cross-sectional comparison was conducted to explore the chronic effects of BQ-chewing. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between altered circuits of BQD individuals and the severity of BQ addiction. MVPA achieved classification accuracies of up to 90% in both groups for acute BQ-chewing. Suppression of the default-mode network was the most prominent feature. BQD showed more extensive and intensive within- and between-network dysconnectivity of the default, frontal-parietal, and occipital regions associated with high-order brain functions such as self-awareness, inhibitory control, and decision-making. In contrast, the chronic effects of BQ on the brain function were mild, but impaired circuits were predominately located in the default and frontal-parietal networks which might be associated with compulsive drug use. Simultaneously quantifying the effects of both chronic and acute BQ exposure provides a possible neuroimaging-based BQ addiction foci. Results from this study may help us understand the neural mechanisms involved in BQ-chewing and BQ dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqiang Linli
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Adellah Sariah
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
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9
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Khedr EM, Abdelrahman AA, Safwat SM, Moheb A, Noaman MM. The effect of acute and chronic nicotine consumption on intra-cortical inhibition and facilitation: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Neurophysiol Clin 2021; 51:243-250. [PMID: 34016502 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of acute and chronic nicotine consumption on measures of intracortical inhibition and facilitation. METHODS This study involved 50 chronic heavy cigarette smokers and 40 healthy subjects matched for age, sex and educational level, with no history of chronic nicotine intake. Intracortical inhibition and facilitation were assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures of motor threshold (MT), short- and long-interval intra-cortical inhibition (SICI, LICI), cortical silent period (CSP) and intra-cortical facilitation (ICF). Basal serum levels of cotinine were measured in the healthy group and at ½ and 2 h after smoking a single cigarette in the chronic smokers. RESULTS There was enhanced SICI and reduced ICF in smokers (independent of time after smoking) compared with non-smokers. The former suggests a chronic effect of increased nicotine levels on GABA-A neurotransmission whereas the latter suggests an additional effect on glutamatergic transmission. There were no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers in other TMS parameters. There was a significant negative correlation between cotinine levels at ½ h after smoking and SICI at 3 ms ISI (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in any of the neurophysiological measures between smokers at ½ h versus 2 h after smoking a single cigarette. CONCLUSION Chronic nicotine consumption enhances SICI, and reduces ICF, supporting the hypothesis that nicotine acts as a neuromodulator of GABA-A and glutamate neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Khedr
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Abdelrahman
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shady M Safwat
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amira Moheb
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Noaman
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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10
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Tang CH, Lin CY, Lee SH, Wang WH. Membrane lipid profiles of coral responded to zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced perturbations on the cellular membrane. Aquatic Toxicology 2017; 187:72-81. [PMID: 28388481 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnOs) released from popular sunscreens used during marine recreation apparently endanger corals; however, the known biological effects are very limited. Membrane lipids constitute the basic structural element to create cell a dynamic structure according to the circumstance. Nano-specific effects have been shown to mechanically perturb the physical state of the lipid membrane, and the cells accommodating the actions of nZnOs can be involved in the alteration of the membrane lipid composition. To gain insight into the effects of nanoparticles on coral, glycerophosphocholine (GPC) profiling of the coral Seriatopora caliendrum exposed to nZnOs was performed in this study. Increasing lyso-GPCs, docosapentaenoic acid-possessing GPCs and docosahexaenoic acid-possessing GPCs and decreasing arachidonic acid-possessing GPCs were the predominant changes responded to nZnO exposure in the coral. A backfilling of polyunsaturated plasmanylcholines was observed in the coral exposed to nZnO levels over a threshold. These changes can be logically interpreted as an accommodation to nZnOs-induced mechanical disturbances in the cellular membrane based on the biophysical properties of the lipids. Moreover, the coral demonstrated a difference in the changes in lipid profiles between intra-colonial functionally differentiated polyps, indicating an initial membrane composition-dependent response. Based on the physicochemical properties and physiological functions of these changed lipids, some chronic biological effects can be incubated once the coral receives long-term exposure to nZnOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Ho Tang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Lee
- Center of General Education, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Wang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources and Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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11
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Nguyen T, Saleh MA. Exposure of women to trace elements through the skin by direct contact with underwear clothing. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2017; 52:1-6. [PMID: 27612159 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1221212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a potential danger to human health when present in textile materials. In the present study, inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) was used to determine the concentrations and the identity of extractable inorganic elements from different brands of women undergarments. A total of 120 samples consisting of 63 cottons, 44 nylons and 13 polyesters manufactured in 14 different countries having different colors were analyzed for their extractable metals contents. Elements analyzed were Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, V and Zn. Cotton undergarments were rich in Al, Fe and Zn, nylon undergarments had high levels of Cr, Cu and Al, while polyester fabrics contained higher levels of Ni and Fe compared to cotton or nylon. With respect to manufacturing countries, China, Egypt and India showed the highest concentrations of metals in all fabrics. With respect to the color, black garments were characteristic by high concentration of Fe, blue colors with Cu, brown garments with Fe and Cu, green garments with Cu and Fe, pink garments with Al, purple garments with Al and Cu and red garments with Cr, Zn and Al. The consumer should be made aware of the potential dangers of these metals in their clothing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Nguyen
- a Department of Chemistry , Texas Southern University , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Mahmoud A Saleh
- a Department of Chemistry , Texas Southern University , Houston , Texas , USA
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12
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Deng Y, Beadham I, Wu J, Chen XD, Hu L, Gu J. Chronic effects of the ionic liquid [C4mim][Cl] towards the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda. Environ Pollut 2015; 204:248-255. [PMID: 25989452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic effects of the ionic liquid [C4mim][Cl] (mp 73 °C) towards the microalga, Scenedesmus quadricauda were studied by flow cytometry, monitoring multiple endpoints of cell density, esterase activity, membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species and chlorophyll fluorescence. Toxicity was clearly in evidence, and although increased esterase activity indicated hormesis during initial exposure to [C4mim][Cl], inhibition of both esterase activity and chlorophyll fluorescence became apparent after 3 days. Cell density was also decreased by culturing with [C4mim][Cl], but this effect was clearly concentration-dependent and only became significant during the second half of the experiment. In contrast, [C4mim][Cl] had only a modest effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caused little damage to cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; Kunshan Innovation Institute of Nanjing University, 1666 Weichen Road, Kunshan 215347, China.
| | - Ian Beadham
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK.
| | - Jie Wu
- Kunshan Innovation Institute of Nanjing University, 1666 Weichen Road, Kunshan 215347, China.
| | - Xiao-Di Chen
- Kunshan Innovation Institute of Nanjing University, 1666 Weichen Road, Kunshan 215347, China.
| | - Lan Hu
- Kunshan Innovation Institute of Nanjing University, 1666 Weichen Road, Kunshan 215347, China.
| | - Jun Gu
- Kunshan Innovation Institute of Nanjing University, 1666 Weichen Road, Kunshan 215347, China; Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210009, China.
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13
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Borgatta M, Decosterd LA, Waridel P, Buclin T, Chèvre N. The anticancer drug metabolites endoxifen and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen induce toxic effects on Daphnia pulex in a two-generation study. Sci Total Environ 2015; 520:232-40. [PMID: 25817760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although pharmaceutical metabolites are found in the aquatic environment, their toxicity on living organisms is poorly studied in general. Endoxifen and 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4OHTam) are two metabolites of the widely used anticancer drug tamoxifen for the prevention and treatment of breast cancers. Both metabolites have a high pharmacological potency in vertebrates, attributing prodrug characteristics to tamoxifen. Tamoxifen and its metabolites are body-excreted by patients, and the parent compound is found in sewage treatment plan effluents and natural waters. The toxicity of these potent metabolites on non-target aquatic species is unknown, which forces environmental risk assessors to predict their toxicity on aquatic species using knowledge on the parent compounds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of two generations of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia pulex towards 4OHTam and endoxifen. Two chronic tests of 4OHTam and endoxifen were run in parallel and several endpoints were assessed. The results show that the metabolites 4OHTam and endoxifen induced reproductive and survival effects. For both metabolites, the sensitivity of D. pulex increased in the second generation. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) decreased with increasing 4OHTam and endoxifen concentrations. The No-Observed Effect Concentrations (NOECs) calculated for the reproduction of the second generation exposed to 4OHTam and endoxifen were <1.8 and 4.3 μg/L, respectively, whereas the NOECs that were calculated for the intrinsic rate of natural increase were <1.8 and 0.4 μg/L, respectively. Our study raises questions about prodrug and active metabolites in environmental toxicology assessments of pharmaceuticals. Our findings also emphasize the importance of performing long-term experiments and considering multi-endpoints instead of the standard reproduction outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Borgatta
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent-Arthur Decosterd
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Centre of the Canton of Vaud (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Patrice Waridel
- Protein Analysis Facility, Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Buclin
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Centre of the Canton of Vaud (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Chèvre
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Herrera NA, Echeverri LF, Ferrão-Filho AS. Effects of phytoplankton extracts containing the toxin microcystin-LR on the survival and reproduction of cladocerans. Toxicon 2014; 95:38-45. [PMID: 25553593 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of ecotoxicological techniques for the evaluation of the quality of limnetic waters allows the early detection of toxic agents that pose risks to human health. In this study Moina micrura (two clones), Daphnia laevis (two clones) and Daphnia similis, a temperate species, were used to evaluate the toxicity of six Microcystis extracts from two Colombian reservoirs. Toxin was detected and quantified by HPLC. Microcystin-LR was found in all extracts with the highest concentrations in one sample from each reservoir (434 μg g(-1) and 538 μg g(-1)). The extracts that had the highest toxin concentration also had the highest toxicities to cladocerans. Measurement of 48-h LC50 showed consistent differences between cladoceran species but not clones, Also, reproduction data in two species were consistent with the MC-LR content of one sample tested, with decreased reproduction and disruption of egg production. However, only some growth results of neonates exposed to extracts were consistent with the acute response. In conclusion, Daphnia species are a good model for monitoring cyanotoxins as they respond in a sensitive way to natural phytoplankton samples containing microcystin-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Herrera
- Grupo de Química Orgánica de Productos Naturales (QOPN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Luis Fernando Echeverri
- Grupo de Química Orgánica de Productos Naturales (QOPN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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McPherson CA, Lawrence GS, Elphick JR, Chapman PM. Development of a strontium chronic effects benchmark for aquatic life in freshwater. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014; 33:2472-2478. [PMID: 25051924 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There are no national water-quality guidelines for strontium for the protection of freshwater aquatic life in North America or elsewhere. Available data on the acute and chronic toxicity of strontium to freshwater aquatic life were compiled and reviewed. Acute toxicity was reported to occur at concentrations ranging from 75 mg/L to 15 000 mg/L. The majority of chronic effects occurred at concentrations above 11 mg/L; however, calculation of a representative benchmark was confounded by results from 4 studies indicating that chronic effects occurred at lower concentrations than all other studies, in 2 cases below background concentrations reported for US and European streams. Two of these studies, including 1 reporting effects below background concentrations, were repeated and found not to be reproducible; chronic effects occurred at considerably higher strontium concentrations than in the original studies. Studies with narrow-mouthed toad and goldfish were not repeated; both studies reported chronic effects below background concentrations, and both studies had been conducted by the authors of 1 of the 2 studies that were repeated and shown to be nonreproducible. Studies by these authors (3 of the 4 confounding studies), conducted over 30 yr ago, lacked detail in reporting of methods and results. It is thus likely that repeating the toad and goldfish studies would also have resulted in a higher strontium effects concentration. A strontium chronic effects benchmark of 10.7 mg/L that incorporates the results of additional testing summarized in the present study is proposed for freshwater environments.
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