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Abstract
The interests in blood endothelial cells arise from their therapeutic potential in vascular repair and regeneration. Our understanding of blood endothelial cells that exist in the circulation has been evolving significantly from the original concept of endothelial progenitor cells. Many studies have uncovered heterogeneities of blood endothelial subtypes where some cells express both endothelial and hematopoietic antigens, and others possess either mature or immature endothelial markers. Due to the lack of definitive cell marker identities, there have been momentums in the field to adopt a technical-oriented labeling system based on the cells' involvement in postnatal neovascularization and cell culture derivatives. Our review streamlines nomenclatures for blood endothelial subtypes and standardizes understanding of their functional differences. Broadly, we will discuss about myeloid angiogenic cells (MACs), endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs). The strategic location of blood endothelial cells confers them essential roles in supporting physiological processes. MACs exert angiogenic effects through paracrine mechanisms, while ECFCs are recruited to sites of vascular injury to participate directly in new vessel formation. BOECs are an in vitro derivative of ECFCs. CECs are shed into the bloodstream from damaged vessels, hence reflective of endothelial dysfunction. With clarity on the functional attributes of blood endothelial subtypes, we present recent advances in their applications in disease modelling, along with serving as biomarkers of vascular tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore.
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Kumrah R, Goyal T, Rawat A, Singh S. Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Kawasaki Disease: An Update. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024; 66:99-111. [PMID: 38462555 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis that has a special predilection for coronary arteries. Cardiovascular complications include the development of coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) and myocarditis. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is now recognized to be a key component in the pathogenesis of KD and is believed to contribute to the development of CAAs. ED has been evaluated by several clinical parameters. However, there is paucity of literature on laboratory markers for ED in KD. The evaluation of ED can be aided by the identification of biomarkers such as oxidative stress markers, circulating cells and their progenitors, angiogenesis factors, cytokines, chemokines, cell-adhesion molecules, and adipokines. If validated in multicentric studies, these biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the disease course of KD. They may also provide a useful predictive marker for the development of premature atherosclerosis that is often a concern during long-term follow-up of KD. This review provides insights into the current understanding of the significance of ED in KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Kumrah
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Taru Goyal
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Surjit Singh
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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3
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Fang Y, Chen L, Imoukhuede PI. Toward Blood-Based Precision Medicine: Identifying Age-Sex-Specific Vascular Biomarker Quantities on Circulating Vascular Cells. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:189-204. [PMID: 37456786 PMCID: PMC10338416 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abnormal angiogenesis is central to vascular disease and cancer, and noninvasive biomarkers of vascular origin are needed to evaluate patients and therapies. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are often dysregulated in these diseases, making them promising biomarkers, but the need for an invasive biopsy has limited biomarker research on VEGFRs. Here, we pioneer a blood biopsy approach to quantify VEGFR plasma membrane localization on two circulating vascular proxies: circulating endothelial cells (cECs) and circulating progenitor cells (cPCs). Methods Using quantitative flow cytometry, we examined VEGFR expression on cECs and cPCs in four age-sex groups: peri/premenopausal females (aged < 50 years), menopausal/postmenopausal females (≥ 50 years), and younger and older males with the same age cut-off (50 years). Results cECs in peri/premenopausal females consisted of two VEGFR populations: VEGFR-low (~ 55% of population: population medians ~ 3000 VEGFR1 and 3000 VEGFR2/cell) and VEGFR-high (~ 45%: 138,000 VEGFR1 and 39,000-236,000 VEGFR2/cell), while the menopausal/postmenopausal group only possessed the VEGFR-low cEC population; and 27% of cECs in males exhibited high plasma membrane VEGFR expression (206,000 VEGFR1 and 155,000 VEGFR2/cell). The absence of VEGFR-high cEC subpopulations in menopausal/postmenopausal females suggests that their high-VEGFR cECs are associated with menstruation and could be noninvasive proxies for studying the intersection of age-sex in angiogenesis. VEGFR1 plasma membrane localization in cPCs was detected only in menopausal/postmenopausal females, suggesting a menopause-specific regenerative mechanism. Conclusions Overall, our quantitative, noninvasive approach targeting cECs and cPCs has provided the first insights into how sex and age influence VEGFR plasma membrane localization in vascular cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00771-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingye Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Ling Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - P. I. Imoukhuede
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
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Li F, Yuan L, Shao N, Yang X, Yang S, He L, Ding J, Ding M, Yang S, Fu W, Wang C, Li X, Cai Q. Changes and significance of vascular endothelial injury markers in patients with diabetes mellitus and pulmonary thromboembolism. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:183. [PMID: 37231402 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the changes and clinical significance of vascular endothelial injury markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients with T2DM hospitalized in one hospital from January 2021 to June 2022. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) (ELISA), von Willebrand factor (vWF) (ELISA), and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) (flow cytometry) were measured. PE was diagnosed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). RESULTS Thirty participants were enrolled in each group. The plasma levels of sTM (151.22 ± 120.57 vs. 532.93 ± 243.82 vs. 1016.51 ± 218.00 pg/mL, P < 0.001) and vWF (9.63 ± 2.73 vs. 11.50 ± 2.17 vs. 18.02 ± 3.40 ng/mL, P < 0.001) and the percentage of CECs (0.17 ± 0.46 vs. 0.30 ± 0.08 vs. 0.56 ± 0.18%, P < 0.001) gradually increased from the control group to the T2DM group to the T2DM + PE group. sTM (OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.002-1.025, P = 0.022) and vWF (OR = 1.168, 95%CI: 1.168-2.916, P = 0.009) were associated with T2DM + PE. sTM > 676.68 pg/mL for the diagnosis of T2DM + PE achieved an AUC of 0.973, while vWF > 13.75 ng/mL achieved an AUC of 0.954. The combination of sTM and vWF above their cutoff points achieved an AUC of 0.993, with 100% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity. CONCLUSIONS Patients with T2DM show endothelial injury and dysfunction, which were worse in patients with T2DM and PE. High sTM and vWF levels have certain clinical predictive values for screening T2DM accompanied by PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Lianfang Yuan
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Na Shao
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xiaokun Yang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Shaohua Yang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Linjia He
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Shengzhe Yang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Wenwen Fu
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Qiling Cai
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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Smejkal J, Aubrecht P, Semerádtová A, Štofik M, Liegertová M, Malý J. Immunocapturing rare cells from blood: A simple and robust microsystem approach. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 227:115155. [PMID: 36821992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell immunocapture microsystems are a fast-emerging field with several potential medical diagnostic applications. Isolation and quantification of circulating rare cells (CRCs) show great importance in the early stages of disease diagnostics and prognostics. Here, we present a simple and robust stop-flow microsystem (fabricated by a combination of glass microblasting and 3D printing) based on a planar antibody-coated surface that is effective in the immunocapture of the model as well as naturally occurring rare cells. A chip with a planar immunocapture channel working in the so-called stop-flow dynamic regime was designed to enable monitoring the efficiency of the cell capture by fluorescence microscopy. Up to 90% immunocapture efficiency of MCF-7 cells spiked into whole blood on CD326 antibody-coated planar surfaces was achieved. We discuss the role of the planar surface modifications, the influence of the set stop-flow dynamic conditions, and medium complexity on the efficiency of cell immunocapture. The presented results could be further employed in the design of microsystems for cell-size-independent isolation and identification of rare cells from blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Smejkal
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Aubrecht
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Semerádtová
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Štofik
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Liegertová
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
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de Bakker M, Kraan J, Akkerhuis KM, Oemrawsingh R, Asselbergs FW, Hoefer I, Kardys I, Boersma E. Longitudinal profile of circulating endothelial cells in post-acute coronary syndrome patients. Biomarkers 2023; 28:152-159. [PMID: 36617894 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2162966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
IntroductionPatients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are at risk of a recurrent event, but their level of risk varies. Because of their close temporal relationship with vascular injury, longitudinal measurements of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) carry potential to improve individual risk assessment.MethodsWe conducted an explorative nested case-control study within our multicenter, prospective, observational biomarker study (BIOMArCS) of 844 ACS patients. Following an index ACS, high-frequency blood sampling was performed during 1-year follow-up. CECs were identified using flow cytometric analyses in 15 cases with recurrent event, and 30 matched controls.ResultsCases and controls had a median (25th-75thpercentile) age of 64.1 (58.1-75.1) years and 80% were men. During the months preceding the endpoint, the mean (95%CI) CEC concentration in cases was persistently higher than in controls (12.8 [8.2-20.0] versus 10.0 [7.0-14.4] cells/ml), although this difference was non-significant (P = 0.339). In controls, the mean cell concentration was significantly (P = 0.030) lower in post 30-day samples compared to samples collected within one day after index ACS: 10.1 (7.5-13.6) versus 17.0 (10.8-26.6) cells/ml. Similar results were observed for CEC subsets co-expressing CD133 and CD309 (VEGFR-2) or CD106 (VCAM-1).ConclusionDespite their close relation to vascular damage, no increase in cell concentrations were found prior to the occurrence of a secondary adverse cardiac event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie de Bakker
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco Kraan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Martijn Akkerhuis
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rohit Oemrawsingh
- Department of Cardiology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Cardiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Imo Hoefer
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Isabella Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Peng M, Yan QH, Gao Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Wang YF, Wu HN. Correlation between circulating endothelial cell level and acute respiratory distress syndrome in postoperative patients. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9731-9740. [PMID: 34877312 PMCID: PMC8610911 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i32.9731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is injury of alveolar epithelial cells and capillary endothelial cells caused by various factors, including endogenous and exogenous lung factors, leading to diffuse pulmonary interstitial and alveolar edema, and acute respiratory failure. ARDS involves alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary interstitial capillary endothelial cells. Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are the only marker that directly reflects vascular endothelial injury in vivo. There have been few studies on the correlation between peripheral blood CECs and ARDS at home and abroad. The lungs are the organs with the highest capillary density and the most endothelial cells, thus, it is speculated that when ARDS occurs, CECs are stimulated and damaged, and released into the circulatory system.
AIM To explore the correlation between CEC level and severity of ARDS in patients postoperatively.
METHODS Blood samples were collected from all patients on day 2 (d2) and day 5 (d5) after surgery. The control group comprised 32 healthy volunteers. Number of CECs was measured by flow cytometry, and operation time was recorded. Changes in various indexes of patients were monitored, and diagnosis of ARDS was determined based on ARDS Berlin definition. We comprised d2 CECs in different groups, correlation between operation time and d2 CECs, ARDS of different severity by d2 CECs, and predictive value of d2 CECs for ARDS in postoperative patients.
RESULTS The number of d2 CECs in the ARDS group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P < 0.001). The number of d2 CECs in the ARDS group was significantly higher than that in the non-ARDS group (P < 0.001). The number of d2 CECs in the non-ARDS group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P < 0.001). Operation time was positively correlated with number of CECs on d2 (rs = 0.302, P = 0.001). The number of d2 CECs in the deceased group was significantly higher than that in the improved group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in number of d2 CECs between patients with mild and moderate ARDS. The number of d2 CECs in patients with severe ARDS was significantly higher than that in patients with mild and moderate ARDS (P = 0.041, P = 0.037). There was no significant difference in number of d5 and d2 CECs in the non-ARDS group after admission to intensive care. The number of d5 CECs was higher than the number of d2 CECs in the ARDS improved group (P < 0.001). The number of d5 CECs was higher than the number of d2 CECs in the ARDS deceased group (P = 0.002). If the number of CECs was > 1351/mL, sensitivity and specificity of predicting ARDS were 80.8% and 78.1%, respectively.
CONCLUSION Changes in number of CECs might predict occurrence and adverse outcome of ARDS after surgery, and higher numbers of CECs indicate worse prognosis of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qing-He Yan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - He-Ning Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
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Merino T, Pinto MP, Orellana MP, Martinez G, Andía M, Munoz-Schuffenegger P, Acevedo F, Gabrielli L, Sanchez C, Pereira J. Multimodal assessment of acute cardiac toxicity induced by thoracic radiotherapy in cancer patients. Study protocol. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1114. [PMID: 34663256 PMCID: PMC8524888 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Today, cancer ranks as one of the leading causes of death. Despite the large number of novel available therapies, radiotherapy (RT) remains as the most effective non-surgical method to cure cancer patients. In fact, approximately 50% of all cancer patients receive some type of RT and among these 60% receive RT-treatment with a curative intent. However, as occurs with any other oncological therapy, RT treated patients may experience toxicity side effects that range from moderate to severe. Among these, cardiotoxicity represents a significant threat for premature death. Current methods evaluate cardiotoxic damage based on volumetric changes in the Left Ventricle Ejected Fraction (LVEF). Indeed, a 10% drop in LVEF is commonly used as indicator of cardiotoxicity. More recently, a number of novel techniques have been developed that significantly improve specificity and sensitivity of heart’s volumetric changes and early detection of cardiotoxicity even in asymptomatic patients. Among these, the Strain by Speckle Tracking (SST) is a technique based on echocardiographic analysis that accurately evaluates myocardial deformation during the cardiac cycle (ventricular and atrial function). Studies also suggest that Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a high-resolution technique that enables a better visualization of acute cardiac damage. Methodology This protocol will evaluate changes in SST and MRI in cancer patients that received thoracic RT. Concomitantly, we will assess changes in serum biomarkers of cardiac damage in these patients, including: high-sensitivity cardiac Troponin-T (hscTnT), N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NTproBNP) and Circulating Endothelial Cells (CECs), a marker of endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage. Discussion The presented protocol is to our knowledge the first to prospectively and with a multimodal approach, study serological and image biomarkers off early cardiac damage due to radiotherapy. With a practical clinical approach we will seek early changes that could potentially be in the future be linked to clinical mayor events with consequences for cancer survivors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08823-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Merino
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Mauricio P Pinto
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Orellana
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Martinez
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Andía
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Munoz-Schuffenegger
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Acevedo
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Division, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cesar Sanchez
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Pereira
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Giaccone L, Faraci DG, Butera S, Lia G, Di Vito C, Gabrielli G, Cerrano M, Mariotti J, Dellacasa C, Felicetti F, Brignardello E, Mavilio D, Bruno B. Biomarkers for acute and chronic graft versus host disease: state of the art. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 14:79-96. [PMID: 33297779 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1860001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite significant advances in treatment and prevention, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) still represents the main cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Thus, considerable research efforts have been made to find and validate reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and risk stratification of GVHD. AREAS COVERED In this review the most recent evidences on different types of biomarkers studied for GVHD, such as genetic, plasmatic, cellular markers, and those associated with microbiome, were summarized. A comprehensive search of peer-review literature was performed in PubMed including meta-analysis, preclinical and clinical trials, using the terms: cellular and plasma biomarkers, graft-versus-host disease, cytokines, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. EXPERT OPINION In the near future, several validated biomarkers will be available to help clinicians in the diagnosis of GVHD, the identification of patients at high risk of GVHD development and in patients' stratification according to its severity. Then, immunosuppressive treatment could be tailored to each patient's real needs. However, more efforts are needed to achieve this goal. Although most of the proposed biomarkers currently lack validation with large-scale clinical data, their study led to improved knowledge of the biological basis of GVHD, and ultimately to implementation of GHVD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Giaccone
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Danilo Giuseppe Faraci
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Butera
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lia
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (Biometra), University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Gabrielli
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Cerrano
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Jacopo Mariotti
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS , Rozzano, Italy
| | - Chiara Dellacasa
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Felicetti
- Transition Unit for Childhood Cancer Survivors, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino , University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Brignardello
- Transition Unit for Childhood Cancer Survivors, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino , University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (Biometra), University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetto Bruno
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Stem Cell Transplant Program, A.O.U. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Presidio Molinette , Torino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
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10
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Kourek C, Karatzanos E, Psarra K, Georgiopoulos G, Delis D, Linardatou V, Gavrielatos G, Papadopoulos C, Nanas S, Dimopoulos S. Endothelial progenitor cells mobilization after maximal exercise according to heart failure severity. World J Cardiol 2020; 12:526-539. [PMID: 33312438 PMCID: PMC7701904 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v12.i11.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial dysfunction is an underlying pathophysiological feature of chronic heart failure (CHF). Patients with CHF are characterized by impaired vasodilation and inflammation of the vascular endothelium. They also have low levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). EPCs are bone marrow derived cells involved in endothelium regeneration, homeostasis, and neovascularization. Exercise has been shown to improve vasodilation and stimulate the mobilization of EPCs in healthy people and patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. However, the effects of exercise on EPCs in different stages of CHF remain under investigation.
AIM To evaluate the effect of a symptom-limited maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on EPCs in CHF patients of different severity.
METHODS Forty-nine consecutive patients (41 males) with stable CHF [mean age (years): 56 ± 10, ejection fraction (EF, %): 32 ± 8, peak oxygen uptake (VO2, mL/kg/min): 18.1 ± 4.4] underwent a CPET on a cycle ergometer. Venous blood was sampled before and after CPET. Five circulating endothelial populations were quantified by flow cytometry: Three subgroups of EPCs [CD34+/CD45-/CD133+, CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR2 and CD34+/CD133+/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2)] and two subgroups of circulating endothelial cells (CD34+/CD45-/CD133- and CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR2). Patients were divided in two groups of severity according to the median value of peak VO2 (18.0 mL/kg/min), predicted peak VO2 (65.5%), ventilation/carbon dioxide output slope (32.5) and EF (reduced and mid-ranged EF). EPCs values are expressed as median (25th-75th percentiles) in cells/106 enucleated cells.
RESULTS Patients with lower peak VO2 increased the mobilization of CD34+/CD45-/CD133+ [pre CPET: 60 (25-76) vs post CPET: 90 (70-103) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001], CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR2 [pre CPET: 1 (1-4) vs post CPET: 5 (3-8) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001], CD34+/CD45-/CD133- [pre CPET: 186 (141-361) vs post CPET: 488 (247-658) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001] and CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR2 [pre CPET: 2 (1-2) vs post CPET: 3 (2-5) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001], while patients with higher VO2 increased the mobilization of CD34+/CD45-/CD133+ [pre CPET: 42 (19-73) vs post CPET: 90 (39-118) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001], CD34+/CD45-/CD133+/VEGFR2 [pre CPET: 2 (1-3) vs post CPET: 6 (3-9) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001], CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR2 [pre CPET: 10 (7-18) vs post CPET: 14 (10-19) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.01], CD34+/CD45-/CD133- [pre CPET: 218 (158-247) vs post CPET: 311 (254-569) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001] and CD34+/CD45-/CD133-/VEGFR2 [pre CPET: 1 (1-2) vs post CPET: 4 (2-6) cells/106 enucleated cells, P < 0.001]. A similar increase in the mobilization of at least four out of five cellular populations was observed after maximal exercise within each severity group regarding predicted peak, ventilation/carbon dioxide output slope and EF as well (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the mobilization of endothelial cellular populations between severity groups in each comparison (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION Our study has shown an increased EPCs and circulating endothelial cells mobilization after maximal exercise in CHF patients, but this increase was not associated with syndrome severity. Further investigation, however, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kourek
- Department of Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Karatzanos
- Department of Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Katherina Psarra
- Immunology and Histocompatibility Department, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Delis
- Department of Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Linardatou
- Department of Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Gavrielatos
- Department of Cardiology, Tzaneio General Hospital of Piraeus, Piraeus 18536, Greece
| | - Costas Papadopoulos
- 2nd Cardiology Department, Korgialenio-Benakio Red Cross Hospital, Athens 11526, Greece
| | - Serafim Nanas
- Department of Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise & Rehabilitation Laboratory, Evaggelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Stavros Dimopoulos
- Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens 17674, Greece
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11
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Sanna G, Pestrin M, Moretti E, Biagioni C, De Santo I, Gabellini S, Galardi F, McCartney A, Biganzoli L. A Dose-finding Study of Metronomic Oral Vinorelbine in Combination With Oral Cyclophosphamide and Bevacizumab in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:e332-e339. [PMID: 33353853 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metronomic chemotherapy can induce disease control in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and has better safety profiles than conventional chemotherapy. Evidence suggests that cytotoxics can be anti-angiogenic in pre-clinical models and may have synergistic effects when combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients pretreated with ≥ 1 prior line of therapy for MBC received oral cyclophosphamide 50 mg daily in combination with oral vinorelbine at escalating doses of 20 mg (V20), 30 mg (V30), and 40 mg (V40) 3 times per week, and intravenous bevacizumab 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive disease were given the same regimen plus standard trastuzumab. Doses were escalated when 3 patients completed 3 treatment cycles of V20 and V30, without experiencing dose-limiting toxicities. The recommended dose was then tested in a further 6 patients. Circulating tumour cells and circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were measured in 30 mL of whole blood samples at baseline, after cycle 1, and at the disease progression. RESULTS Fifteen patients were recruited from June 2013 to October 2015. The median age was 61 years (range, 29-72 years); 80% had estrogen receptor-positive and 33% had human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive disease. At least 67% had visceral metastases, and 80% had received ≥ 2 lines of prior treatment. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed at the 3 dose-levels, making V40 the recommended dose. Overall 8 (53%) patients developed grade 2 adverse events (arthralgia, n = 3 [20%]; asthenia, n = 2 [13%]; diarrhea, n = 2 [13%]; leukopenia, n = 2 [13%]). Bevacizumab was associated with grade 3 hypertension (n = 3 [20%]). Stable disease as best response was observed in 11 (73.3%) patients. The clinical benefit rate was 66.6% (10/15 patients). The median time to progression was 6.9 months. At baseline, CECs were more commonly detectable than circulating tumor cells; however, no statistical correlation was found between CEC kinetics and response. CONCLUSION A metronomic vinorelbine dose of 40 mg combined with cyclophosphamide and bevacizumab is a promising treatment regimen in pretreated patients with MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Sanna
- Medical Oncology Department, Nuovo Ospedale-Santo Stefano Instituto Toscano Tumori, Prato, Italy.
| | - Marta Pestrin
- Oncologia Medica, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Gorizia, Italy
| | - Erica Moretti
- Medical Oncology Department, Nuovo Ospedale-Santo Stefano Instituto Toscano Tumori, Prato, Italy
| | | | - Irene De Santo
- Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Misericordia di Grosseto, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Stefano Gabellini
- Medical Oncology Department, Nuovo Ospedale-Santo Stefano Instituto Toscano Tumori, Prato, Italy
| | - Francesca Galardi
- Sandro Pitigliani Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy
| | - Amelia McCartney
- Medical Oncology Department, Nuovo Ospedale-Santo Stefano Instituto Toscano Tumori, Prato, Italy
| | - Laura Biganzoli
- Medical Oncology Department, Nuovo Ospedale-Santo Stefano Instituto Toscano Tumori, Prato, Italy
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12
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Sayed HAR, Hetta HF, Shafik EA, Zahran AM. Flow cytometric analysis of circulating endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells in pediatric solid tumors: prognostic impact on treatment response and survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:755-61. [PMID: 32945943 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02719-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Solid tumors, including pediatric malignancies, depend on angiogenesis for tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on treatment response and survival of pediatric patients with solid tumors. METHODS A prospective study included 70 patients with different pediatric solid tumors treated with different types of chemotherapy and 20 age and sex-matched healthy children as controls. Blood samples collected at diagnosis then on day 7 and day 21 after chemotherapy. CECs and EPCs were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS The mean levels of CECs and EPCs of patients at diagnosis were significantly higher than controls (85.29 ± 24.78 and 26.1 ± 9.11 versus 20.08 ± 6.65; and EPCs; 2.78 ± 1.48, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). The highest levels of CECs were observed in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). An overall increase was reported in CECs, and after the first cycle of chemotherapy, that was significantly correlated to treatment response and overall survival. CONCLUSION Pediatric patients with solid tumors have elevated levels of CECs and EPCs with more elevation after chemotherapy. The magnitude of increase of CECs occurred on day 7 after chemotherapy may be considered as an early predictor of response to therapy and outcome in pediatric patients with solid tumors.
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13
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Eleftheriadou I, Dimitrakopoulou N, Kafasi N, Tentolouris A, Dimitrakopoulou A, Anastasiou IA, Mourouzis I, Jude E, Tentolouris N. Endothelial progenitor cells and peripheral neuropathy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107517. [PMID: 31928893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine for differences in circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). METHODS A total of 105 participants were included: 50 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and DPN, 30 patients with T2DM without DPN and 25 healthy individuals. CPCs and 6 different EPCs phenotypes were assessed with flow cytometry. We also measured plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM) and tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). RESULTS No difference was observed in the number of CPCs among the 3 groups. Patients with DPN had higher numbers of all 6 EPCs phenotypes when compared with patients without DPN and higher number of 5 EPCs phenotypes when compared with healthy individuals. Plasma VEFG, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and TNFa levels did not differ among the 3 groups. Patients with DPN had lower SDF-1 levels in comparison with healthy individuals. CONCLUSION Circulating EPCs are increased while SDF-1 levels are decreased in the presence of DPN. Our findings suggest that DPN may be associated with impaired trafficking of EPCs and impaired EPCs homing to the injured endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Diabetic Foot Clinic, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Natalia Dimitrakopoulou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolitsa Kafasi
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna A Anastasiou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Iordanis Mourouzis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Edward Jude
- Tameside General Hospital, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Lancashire, UK
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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14
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Vasseur A, Cabel L, Tredan O, Chevrier M, Dubot C, Lorgis V, Jacot W, Goncalves A, Debled M, Levy C, Ferrero JM, Jouannaud C, Luporsi E, Mouret-Reynier MA, Dalenc F, Lemonnier J, Savignoni A, Tanguy ML, Bidard FC, Pierga JY. Prognostic value of CEC count in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients treated with bevacizumab and chemotherapy: a prospective validation study (UCBG COMET). Angiogenesis 2019; 23:193-202. [PMID: 31773439 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proof of concept studies has reported that circulating endothelial cell (CEC) count may be associated with the outcome of HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients treated by chemotherapy and the anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab. We report the results obtained in an independent prospective validation cohort (COMET study, NCT01745757). METHODS The main baseline criteria were HER2-negative mBC, performance status 0-2 and no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. CECs were detected by CellSearch® from 4 ml of blood at baseline and after 4 weeks of weekly paclitaxel and bevacizumab therapy. CEC counts (considered both as a continuous variable and using the previously described 20 CEC/4 ml cutoff) were associated with clinical characteristics and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS CEC count was obtained in 251 patients at baseline and in 207 patients at 4 weeks. Median baseline CEC count was 22 CEC/4 ml (range 0-2231). Baseline CEC counts were associated with performance status (p = 0.02). No statistically significant change in CEC counts was observed between baseline and 4 weeks of therapy. High baseline CEC count was associated with shorter PFS in univariate and multivariate analyses (continuous: p < 0.001; dichotomized: HR 1.52, 95% CI [1.15-2.02], p = 0.004). CEC counts at 4 weeks had no prognostic impact. CONCLUSION This study confirms that CEC count may be associated with the outcome of mBC patients treated with chemotherapy and bevacizumab. However, discrepancies with previous reports in terms of both the timing of CEC count and the direction of the prognostic impact warrant further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Vasseur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Luc Cabel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris & Saint Cloud, France.,UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Olivier Tredan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leon Berard Center, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Chevrier
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Coraline Dubot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Véronique Lorgis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Georges-François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM) Val d'Aurelle, Montpellier University, IRCM INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Goncalves
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm U1068, CNRS UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Department of Medical Oncology, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Debled
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Bergonie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Levy
- Department of Medical Oncology, François Baclesse Center, Caen, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ferrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Center, Nice, France
| | | | - Elisabeth Luporsi
- Department of Medical Oncology, ICL Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France
| | | | - Florence Dalenc
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Alexia Savignoni
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Marie-Laure Tanguy
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Francois-Clement Bidard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris & Saint Cloud, France.,UVSQ, Paris-Saclay University, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Jean-Yves Pierga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris & Saint Cloud, France. .,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
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15
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Lin Y, Gil CH, Yoder MC. Identification of Circulating Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells from Murine Embryonic Peripheral Blood. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1940:97-107. [PMID: 30788820 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood contains highly proliferative circulating endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFC). These cells have promising therapeutic potential for various cardiovascular diseases by possessing robust in vitro clonal expansion potential and the ability to form functional blood vessels in vivo upon transplantation into recipient immunodeficient mice. However whether similar cells also exist in murine blood remains unresolved, which impedes the study of circulating ECFC biology using murine models. Here we describe a method to identify and culture murine embryonic peripheral blood-derived circulating ECFC through co-culture with OP9 stromal cells. Using this method, embryonic circulating ECFC can be identified by the formation of sheet-like or network-like endothelial colonies upon OP9 stromal cell monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chang-Hyun Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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16
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Řádek M, Babuňková E, Špaček M, Kvasnička T, Kvasnička J. Determination of Circulating Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells Using Multicolor Flow Cytometry in Patients with Thrombophilia. Acta Haematol 2019; 142:113-119. [PMID: 30995655 DOI: 10.1159/000499524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) have been described as markers of endothelial damage and dysfunction in several diseases, including deep venous thrombosis. Their role in patients with known thrombophilia has not yet been evaluated. Both EPCs and CECs represent extremely rare cell populations. Therefore, it is essential to use standardized methods for their identification and quantification. METHODS In this study, we used multicolor flow cytometry to analyze the number of EPCs and CECs in patients with thrombophilia with or without a history of thrombosis. Patients with hematological malignancies after high-dose chemotherapy and patients with acute myocardial infarction were used as positive controls. RESULTS EPC and CEC immunophenotypes were determined as CD45dim/-CD34+CD146+CD133+ and CD45dim/-CD34+CD146+CD133-, respectively. Increased levels of endothelial cells were observed in positive control groups. No significant changes in the number of EPCs or CECs were detected in patients with thrombophilia compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSION Our optimized multicolor flow cytometry method allows unambiguous identification and quantification of endothelial cells in the peripheral blood. Our results support previous studies showing that elevated levels of CECs could serve as an indicator of endothelial injury or dysfunction. Normal levels of CECs or EPCs were found in patients with thrombophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Řádek
- Central Hematology Laboratories, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital, and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia,
| | - Eva Babuňková
- Central Hematology Laboratories, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital, and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Špaček
- Central Hematology Laboratories, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital, and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Kvasnička
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Thrombotic Center, General University Hospital, and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Kvasnička
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Thrombotic Center, General University Hospital, and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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17
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Symonds L, Linden H, Gadi V, Korde L, Rodler E, Gralow J, Redman M, Baker K, Wu QV, Jenkins I, Kurland B, Garrison M, Smith J, Anderson J, Van Haelst C, Specht J. Combined Targeted Therapies for First-line Treatment of Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer-A Phase II Trial of Weekly Nab-Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Targeted Therapy With Bevacizumab and Erlotinib. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 19:e283-e296. [PMID: 30737173 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling are potential therapeutic targets in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We hypothesized that targeting these critical pathways would prolong progression-free survival with first-line therapy for metastatic TNBC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a phase II trial of nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab, followed by maintenance therapy with bevacizumab and erlotinib, for patients with metastatic TNBC. During induction, the patients received nab-paclitaxel 100 mg/m2 intravenously (days 1, 8, and 15) and bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously (days 1 and 15) every 28 days for 6 cycles. Patients free of progression at 24 weeks received maintenance therapy with bevacizumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks and oral erlotinib 150 mg/d until disease progression. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were best overall response, overall survival (OS), and adverse events. We explored the measurement of circulating tumor cells as a prognostic marker. RESULTS A total of 55 evaluable patients were enrolled. The median PFS and OS for the cohort was 9.1 months (95% confidence interval, 7.2-11.1) and 18.1 months (95% confidence interval, 15.6-21.7), respectively. Of the 53 patients with measurable disease, 39 (74%) had experienced a partial response and 10 (19%) had stable disease using the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors. The most common toxicities were uncomplicated neutropenia, fatigue, and neuropathy. Decreased circulating tumor cells from baseline to the first assessment correlated with longer PFS and OS. CONCLUSION Nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab, followed by maintenance targeted therapy with bevacizumab and erlotinib, resulted in PFS similar to that of other trials. Most patients experienced a partial response (74%). Most patients received maintenance therapy (55%), providing a break from cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Symonds
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Hannah Linden
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Vijayakrishna Gadi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Eve Rodler
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA
| | - Julie Gralow
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Mary Redman
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kelsey Baker
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Quan Vicky Wu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Isaac Jenkins
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Julie Smith
- Confluence Health at Wenatchee Valley, Wenatchee, WA
| | | | - Carol Van Haelst
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jennifer Specht
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA.
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Poletto V, Rosti V, Biggiogera M, Guerra G, Moccia F, Porta C. The role of endothelial colony forming cells in kidney cancer's pathogenesis, and in resistance to anti-VEGFR agents and mTOR inhibitors: A speculative review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 132:89-99. [PMID: 30447930 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is highly dependent on angiogenesis, due to the overactivation of the VHL/HIF/VEGF/VEGFRs axis; this justifies the marked sensitivity of this neoplasm to antiangiogenic agents which, however, ultimately fail to control tumor growth. RCC also frequently shows alterations in the mTOR signaling pathway, and mTOR inhibitors have shown a similar pattern of initial activity/late failure as pure antiangiogenic agents. Understanding mechanisms of resistance to these agents would be key to improve the outcome of our patients. Circulating endothelial cells are a family of mainly bone marrow-derived progenitors, which have been postulated to be responsible of the reactivation of angiogenesis in different tumors. In this review, we shall discuss the complex nature and function of these cells, the evidence pro and contra their contribution to tumor vascularization, especially as far as RCC is concerned, and their possible role in determining resistance to presently available treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Poletto
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Research and Experimental Biotechnology Laboratory Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Research and Experimental Biotechnology Laboratory Area, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Italy.
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Camillo Porta
- Medical Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy; present address: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, and Division of Translational Oncology, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, via S. Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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19
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Najjar F, Alammar M, Al-Massarani G, Almalla N, Japawe A, Ikhtiar A. Circulating endothelial cells and microparticles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2018; 124:23-30. [PMID: 30268466 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been proposed that circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and microparticles (MPs) may be useful for the assessment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, little is known about the potential clinical relevance of these biomarkers in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Therefore, we investigated the utility of baseline levels of CECs and MPs in SCLC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS An immunomagnetic separation (IMS) technique was used to isolate and quantify CECs in the peripheral blood, while plasma samples were analyzed using flow cytometry for the measurement of circulating MPs. RESULTS We prospectively collected data from 56 patients and 41 healthy individuals. Forty-three patients presented at initial diagnosis and 13 patients presented at relapse. Baseline levels of CECs and MPs were significantly higher in SCLC patients either at initial diagnosis or at relapse than in healthy subjects (p < 0.0002 and p < 0.007, respectively). However, estimated tumor volume (ETV) was significantly correlated with basal MP values (p < 0.0001) but not with pretreatment CECs (p = 0.57). The amount of baseline CECs and MPs was significantly lower in patients with an objective response (OR, n = 23) than in those with progressive disease (PD, n = 15) after treatment (p = 0.016 and 0.05, respectively). With cut-off values of 110 cells/mL for CECs and 1257 events/μL for MPs according to receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, baseline levels of these biomarkers were not significantly correlated with either progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS). However, patients with 6-month PFS displayed significantly decreased pretreatment CEC counts (p = 0.042), whereas basal MP values significantly increased in 1-year survivors compared with those in non-survivors (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that baseline CECs and MPs may be predictive biomarkers of tumor response and long-term survival in SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Najjar
- Biomarkers Laboratory, Radiation Medicine Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), 17 Nissan Street, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
| | - Moosheer Alammar
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Oncology Department, Albairouni University Hospital, Hall 2 (A 30/3), Homs Harasta Road, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ghassan Al-Massarani
- Biomarkers Laboratory, Radiation Medicine Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), 17 Nissan Street, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - Nissreen Almalla
- Biomarkers Laboratory, Radiation Medicine Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), 17 Nissan Street, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - Abdulmunim Japawe
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), 17 Nissan Street, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
| | - Adnan Ikhtiar
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), 17 Nissan Street, P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria
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20
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Dworacka M, Chukanova G, Iskakova S, Kurmambayev Y, Wesołowska A, Frycz BA, Jagodziński PP, Dworacki G. New arguments for beneficial effects of alpha-lipoic acid on the cardiovascular system in the course of type 2 diabetes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 117:41-47. [PMID: 29427700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), widely known as an antioxidant, modifies also serum levels of angiogenic factors in type 2 diabetic patients. These pharmacological activities may influence the status of the cardiovascular system. Taking into consideration that diabetes is related to the increased cardiovascular risk we investigated several effects of ALA on angiogenic factors in the myocardium and in the aortal wall using a rat model of type 2 diabetes. METHODS Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by a fat-rich diet and by intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). Animals were divided into 3 groups: ALA-treated type 2 diabetes rat model, placebo-treated type 2 diabetes rat model and placebo-treated non-diabetic rats. ALA was administered orally once a day, 20 mg/kg, for 8 consecutive weeks. mRNA VEGF, VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 expression was measured in the myocardium and the aortal wall, simultaneously with circulating VEGF and circulating endothelial cells (cEC) and endothelial progenitor cells (cEPC). RESULTS ALA induced pro-angiogenic effect in the myocardium of rats with diabetes increasing mRNA VEGF expression and decreasing mRNA VEGFR-1 expression, while in the aortal wall ALA increased mRNA VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-1 expression. cVEGF in the ALA-treated group was higher comparing to both control groups. It was revealed that cEC percentage in the ALA-treated group was decreased with no effect on the percentage of cEPC. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current data provide novel findings about potential beneficial effects of ALA on angiogenic factors in the cardiovascular system, especially on myocardium, in the course of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Dworacka
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5d, 60-805 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Galina Chukanova
- Department of Pharmacology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Mareshev str. 68, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan.
| | - Saule Iskakova
- Department of Pharmacology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Mareshev str. 68, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan.
| | - Yergen Kurmambayev
- Department of Pharmacology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Mareshev str. 68, Aktobe 030019, Kazakhstan.
| | - Anna Wesołowska
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5d, 60-805 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartosz A Frycz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Dworacki
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5a, 60-805 Poznań,Poland.
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Abstract
Circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are angiogenic cells that appear in increased numbers in the peripheral circulation either as a result of vascular injury or in response to angiogenic stimuli. Elevated levels of CECs have been correlated with various disease states, indicating the use of CECs as a biomarker of disease. Flow cytometry is a widely accepted method for detecting and quantitating CECs. Flow cytometry provides statistical information on large numbers of cells but no information on morphological characteristics. Imaging flow cytometry combines traditional flow cytometry and microscopy, providing a streamlined, multiparameter approach to characterize the biological properties and morphology of large numbers of cells, and is particularly amenable for rare event analysis such as CECs. This approach for identifying and characterizing CECs allows the morphological characterization of large numbers of live, nucleated, single CECs, and alleviates the need for prior enrichment.
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22
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Sabashnikov A, Neef K, Chesnokova V, Wegener L, Godthardt K, Scherner M, Kuhn EW, Deppe AC, Lauer M, Eghbalzadeh K, Zeriouh M, Rahmanian PB, Wippermann J, Kuhn-Régnier F, Madershahian N, Wahlers T, Weymann A, Choi YH. Enumeration of circulating endothelial cell frequency as a diagnostic marker in aortic valve surgery - a flow cytometric approach. J Cardiothorac Surg 2017; 12:68. [PMID: 28793899 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-017-0631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The frequency of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in patients’ peripheral blood can be assessed as a direct marker of endothelial damage. However, conventional enumeration methods are extremely challenging. We developed a novel, automated approach to determine CEC frequencies and tested this method on two groups of patients undergoing conventional (CAVR) versus trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods CEC frequencies were assessed by a flow cytometric approach, including automated pre-enrichment of CD34 positive blood cell subpopulation and isotype controls. The efficacy and reproducibility of the CEC enumeration method was validated by spiking blood samples of healthy control donors with defined numbers of endothelial cells. Results CEC frequencies were significantly higher in the TAVI group before (9.8 ± 4.1 vs. 5.5 ± 2.2, p = 0.019) and 1 h after surgery (13.4 ± 5.1 vs. 8.2 ± 4.1, p = 0.030) corresponding to higher Euroscore, STS score in higher risk patients from the TAVI group. Five days after surgery, CEC frequencies became significantly higher in the more invasive CAVR group (39.0 ± 13.0 vs. 14.3 ± 4.4, p < 0.001) compared to minimally invasive TAVI approach. Conclusions The new flow cytometric approach might be a robust and reliable method for CEC enumeration. Initial results show that CEC frequency is a valid clinical marker for the assessment of pre-operative risk, invasiveness of surgical procedure and clinical outcome. Further studies are necessary to validate the practical clinical usefulness and the potential superiority compared to conventional markers.
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23
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Beije N, Kraan J, den Bakker MA, Maat APWM, van der Leest C, Cornelissen R, Van NM, Martens JWM, Aerts JGJV, Sleijfer S. Improved diagnosis and prognostication of patients with pleural malignant mesothelioma using biomarkers in pleural effusions and peripheral blood samples - a short report. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:511-519. [PMID: 28577209 PMCID: PMC5608799 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There is a lack of robust and clinically utilizable markers for the diagnosis and prognostication of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). This research was aimed at optimizing and exploring novel approaches to improve the diagnosis and prognostication of MPM in pleural effusions and peripheral blood samples. Methods CellSearch-based and flow cytometry-based assays using melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) to identify circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pleural effusions and peripheral blood samples of MPM patients were optimized, validated, explored clinically and, in case of pleural effusions, compared with cytological analyses. Additionally, tumor-associated circulating endothelial cells (CECs) were measured in peripheral blood samples. The assays were performed on a MPM cohort encompassing patients with histology-confirmed MPM (n=27) and in a control cohort of patients with alternative diagnoses (n=22). Exploratory analyses on the prognostic value of all assays were also performed. Results The malignancy of MCAM-positive cells in pleural effusions from MPM patients was confirmed. The detection of MPM CTCs in pleural effusions by CellSearch showed a poor specificity. The detection of MPM CTCs in pleural effusions by flow cytometry showed a superior sensitivity (48%) to standard cytological analysis (15%) (p = 0.03). In peripheral blood, CTCs were detected in 26% of the MPN patients, whereas in 42% of the MPM patients tumor-associated CECs were detected above the upper limit of normal (ULN). In exploratory analyses the absence of CTCs in pleural effusions, and tumor-associated CECs in peripheral blood samples above the ULN, appeared to be associated with a worse overall survival. Conclusion MCAM-based flow cytometric analysis of pleural effusions is more sensitive than routine cytological analysis. Flow cytometric analysis of pleural effusions and tumor-associated CECs in peripheral blood may serve as a promising approach for the prognostication of MPM patients and, therefore, warrants further study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13402-017-0327-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Beije
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jaco Kraan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A den Bakker
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander P W M Maat
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cor van der Leest
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Cornelissen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ngoc M Van
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John W M Martens
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim G J V Aerts
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Sleijfer
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Aluganti Narasimhulu C, Nandave M, Bonilla D, Singaravelu J, Sai-Sudhakar CB, Parthasarathy S. Circulating platelet aggregates damage endothelial cells in culture. J Surg Res 2017; 213:90-99. [PMID: 28601338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in systemic circulation may be an indicator of endothelial damage and/or denudation, and the body's response to repair and revascularization. Thus, we hypothesized that aggregated platelets (AgPlts) can disrupt/denude the endothelium and contribute to the presence of CEC and EC-derived particles (ECDP). METHODS Endothelial cells were grown in glass tubes and tagged with/without 0.5 μm fluorescent beads. These glass tubes were connected to a mini-pump variable-flow system to study the effect of circulating AgPlts on the endothelium. ECs in glass tube were exposed to medium alone, nonaggregated platelets (NAgPlts), AgPlts, and 90 micron polystyrene beads at a flow rate of 20 mL/min for various intervals. Collected effluents were cultured for 72 h to analyze the growth potential of dislodged but intact ECs. Endothelial damage was assessed by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for inflammatory genes and Western blot analysis for von Willebrand factor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION No ECs and ECDP were observed in effluents collected after injecting medium alone and NAgPlts, whereas AgPlts and Polybeads drastically dislodged ECs, releasing ECs and ECDP in effluents as the time increased. Effluents collected when endothelial cell damage was seen showed increased presence of von Willebrand factor as compared to control effluents. Furthermore, we analyzed the presence of ECs and ECDPs in heart failure subjects, as well as animal plasma samples. Our study demonstrates that circulating AgPlts denude the endothelium and release ECs and ECDP. Direct mechanical disruption and shear stress caused by circulating AgPlts could be the underlying mechanism of the observed endothelium damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Diana Bonilla
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Janani Singaravelu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Sampath Parthasarathy
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
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25
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Benyamine A, Magalon J, Cointe S, Lacroix R, Arnaud L, Bardin N, Rossi P, Francès Y, Bernard-Guervilly F, Kaplanski G, Harlé JR, Weiller PJ, Berbis P, Braunstein D, Jouve E, Lesavre N, Couranjou F, Dignat-George F, Sabatier F, Paul P, Granel B. Increased serum levels of fractalkine and mobilisation of CD34 +CD45 - endothelial progenitor cells in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:60. [PMID: 28320472 PMCID: PMC5359964 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The disruption of endothelial homeostasis is a major determinant in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and is reflected by soluble and cellular markers of activation, injury and repair. We aimed to provide a combined assessment of endothelial markers to delineate specific profiles associated with SSc disease and its severity. Methods We conducted an observational, single-centre study comprising 45 patients with SSc and 41 healthy control subjects. Flow cytometry was used to quantify circulating endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and CD34+ progenitor cell subsets. Colony-forming unit-endothelial cells (CFU-ECs) were counted by culture assay. Circulating endothelial cells were enumerated using anti-CD146-based immunomagnetic separation. Blood levels of endothelin-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and soluble fractalkine (s-Fractalkine) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Disease-associated markers were identified using univariate, correlation and multivariate analyses. Results Enhanced numbers of EMPs, CFU-ECs and non-haematopoietic CD34+CD45− endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were observed in patients with SSc. Patients with SSc also displayed higher serum levels of VEGF, endothelin-1 and s-Fractalkine. s-Fractalkine levels positively correlated with CD34+CD45− EPC numbers. EMPs, s-Fractalkine and endothelin-1 were independent factors associated with SSc. Patients with high CD34+CD45− EPC numbers had lower forced vital capacity values. Elevated s-Fractalkine levels were associated with disease severity, a higher frequency of pulmonary fibrosis and altered carbon monoxide diffusion. Conclusions This study identifies the mobilisation of CD34+CD45− EPCs and high levels of s-Fractalkine as specific features of SSc-associated vascular activation and disease severity. This signature may provide novel insights linking endothelial inflammation and defective repair processes in the pathogenesis of SSc. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-017-1271-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Benyamine
- Internal Medicine Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France. .,Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France. .,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France.
| | - Jérémy Magalon
- Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France.,Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory, CICBT 1409, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | - Sylvie Cointe
- Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | - Nathalie Bardin
- Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France.,Immunology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | - Pascal Rossi
- Internal Medicine Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
| | - Yves Francès
- Internal Medicine Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France
| | - Fanny Bernard-Guervilly
- Internal Medicine Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France
| | - Gilles Kaplanski
- Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France.,Internal Medicine Department, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | - Jean-Robert Harlé
- Internal Medicine Department, APHM, CHU Timone, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | | | - Philippe Berbis
- Dermatology Department, APHM, CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France
| | - David Braunstein
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique et d'Evaluations Thérapeutiques, APHM, CHU Timone, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Elisabeth Jouve
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique et d'Evaluations Thérapeutiques, APHM, CHU Timone, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Lesavre
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique et d'Evaluations Thérapeutiques, APHM, CHU Timone, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Couranjou
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique et d'Evaluations Thérapeutiques, APHM, CHU Timone, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France.,Culture and Cell Therapy Laboratory, CICBT 1409, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France
| | - Pascale Paul
- Haematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, APHM, CHU Conception, 13005, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
| | - Brigitte Granel
- Internal Medicine Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), CHU Nord, 13015, Marseilles, France.,Vascular Research Centre of Marseille (VRCM) UMR-S1076, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13385, Marseilles, Cedex, France
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Pugia M, Magbanua MJM, Park JW. Enrichment and Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells and Other Rare Cell Populations by Microfluidic Filtration. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 994:119-31. [PMID: 28560671 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55947-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The current standard methods for isolating circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood involve EPCAM-based immunomagnetic approaches. A major disadvantage of these strategies is that CTCs with low EPCAM expression will be missed. Isolation by size using filter membranes circumvents the reliance on this cell surface marker, and can facilitate the capture not only of EPCAM-negative CTCs but other rare cells as well. These cells that are trapped on the filter membrane can be characterized by immunocytochemistry (ICC) , enumerated and profiled to elucidate their clinical significance. In this chapter, we discuss advances in filtration systems to capture rare cells as well as downstream ICC methods to detect and identify these cells. We highlight our recent clinical study demonstrating the feasibility of using a novel method consisting of automated microfluidic filtration and sequential ICC for detection and enumeration of CTCs, as well as circulating mesenchymal cells (CMCs), circulating endothelial cells (CECs), and putative circulating stem cells (CSCs). We hypothesize that simultaneous analysis of circulating rare cells in blood of cancer patients may lead to a better understanding of disease progression and development of resistance to therapy.
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Breining A, Silvestre JS, Dieudonné B, Vilar J, Faucounau V, Verny M, Néri C, Boulanger CM, Boddaert J. Biomarkers of vascular dysfunction and cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease: no evidence for association in elderly subjects. Aging Clin Exp Res 2016; 28:1133-1141. [PMID: 26803509 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested that vascular dysfunction plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease. AIMS We hypothesized that significant differences might be observed in the levels of blood endothelial biomarkers across elderly population of subjects with dementia. METHODS We analyzed, in a prospective monocentric study, three different endothelial biomarkers, endothelial microparticles (EMPs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) in 132 older patients who underwent a full evaluation of a memory complaint. RESULTS There was no difference in specific EMP, EPC or CEC levels between demented or non-demented patients, nor considering cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Blood endothelial biomarkers may be too sensitive and it is likely that the multimorbidity observed in our patients may lead to opposite and confounding effects on endothelial biomarkers levels. CONCLUSION Unlike younger AD patients, our results suggest that endothelial biomarkers are not valuable for the diagnosis of dementia in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Breining
- Centre de Gériatrie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, APHP, DHU FAST, 75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256 B2A, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Silvestre
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Dieudonné
- Centre de Gériatrie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, APHP, DHU FAST, 75013, Paris, France
| | - José Vilar
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Faucounau
- Centre de Gériatrie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, APHP, DHU FAST, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Marc Verny
- Centre de Gériatrie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, APHP, DHU FAST, 75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256 B2A, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christian Néri
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256 B2A, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Chantal M Boulanger
- INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Centre de Gériatrie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, APHP, DHU FAST, 75013, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8256 B2A, 75005, Paris, France
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Metwalley KA, Farghaly HS, Sherief T. Left ventricular dysfunction and subclinical atherosclerosis in children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a single-center study from upper Egypt. Eur J Pediatr 2016; 175:405-12. [PMID: 26390869 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-015-2634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Few studies assessed carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA-IMT) and left ventricular (LV) function in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) as compared to adults. This study aimed to assess carotid artery structural changes and myocardial function with CAH. The study included 32 children with classic CAH and 32 healthy children matched for age, gender, pubertal status, and socioeconomic status. Blood levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs) were measured. LV mass (LVM) and function were assessed using conventional echocardiography. Duplex ultrasonography was used to measure CA-IMT. Compared to controls, patients had higher hs-CRP and CEC concentrations (p < 0.001) and increased CA-IMT (p < 0.001), indicating vascular endothelial injury and subclinical atherosclerosis; higher LVM index (LVMI) (p < 0.001), indicating LV hypertrophy; and lower ratio of E/A wave and prolonged mitral deceleration time (DcT) and isovolumic relaxation times (IVRTs) (p < 0.001), indicating LV dysfunction. Abnormalities were marked in uncontrolled children on medical treatment. Testosterone levels were positively correlated with CA-IMT, LVMI, and DcT values. CONCLUSION This study indicates that children with CAH and enhanced androgen levels are at increased risk of vascular endothelial injury, subclinical atherosclerosis, and LV dysfunction. These findings highlight early monitoring of children with CAH for cardiovascular abnormalities.
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Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR) are established features of pre-eclampsia, however the cause and effect relationship between them remain unexplained. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) are increased in pre-eclampsia and appear to correlate with the degree of endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesised that CEC count in pre-eclampsia would correlate with IR and might provide a simple measure of IR in pregnancies complicated by the disease. CEC count and IR were measured in 10 women with pre-eclampsia and 10 normal pregnant controls matched for maternal age, body mass index and gestational age during the third trimester. CEC count was determined using an established immunomagnetic bead separation method and IR was measured by the homeostasis model test. CEC count and IR were significantly increased in pre-eclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. However, there was no correlation between the CEC count and IR in pre-eclampsia. The data suggest that CEC count in pre-eclampsia is not a useful measure on its own of IR in pregnancies complicated by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Anim-Nyame
- a School of Life Sciences, Kingston University London , Kingston upon Thames , UK
- b Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology , Kingston Hospital , Kingston upon Thames , UK , and
| | - Anshuman Ghosh
- a School of Life Sciences, Kingston University London , Kingston upon Thames , UK
- b Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology , Kingston Hospital , Kingston upon Thames , UK , and
| | - Nick Freestone
- c School of Pharmacy, Kingston University London , Kingston upon Thames , UK
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Bennett IE, Guo H, Kountouri N, D'abaco GM, Hovens CM, Moffat BA, Desmond P, Drummond K, Kaye AH, Morokoff AP. Preoperative biomarkers of tumour vascularity are elevated in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1802-8. [PMID: 26308396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the correlation between the circulating and imaging biomarkers of tumour vascularity, and examined whether they are prognostic of outcomes in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite the increasing use of anti-angiogenic agents within neuro-oncology, there are still no validated biomarkers to monitor for a treatment response or relapse. The pre- and postoperative circulating endothelial cell (CEC) and progenitor cell (CEP) levels were assessed. Preoperative perfusion-weighted MRI (PWI) was also performed, and the relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) histogram statistics of the contrast-enhancing tumour were analysed. A novel PWI parameter (rCBVload) was developed to estimate the total volume of perfused tumour vessels, and it was hypothesised that this parameter would correlate with CEC and CEP concentrations. In total, 24 GBM patients were included. The mean preoperative CEC concentration was significantly higher in GBM patients than the controls (p=0.019), and it then declined significantly postoperatively (p=0.009). The preoperative CEP levels were significantly correlated with the median tumour rCBV (Spearman rank-order coefficient=0.526; p=0.039). Neither CEC nor CEP was correlated with the total tumour vessel volume, as measured by rCBVload. None of the biomarkers that were investigated showed a significant correlation with progression-free or overall survival. We conclude that CEC are potentially useful biomarkers to monitor GBM patients during treatment. We found that CEC are increased in the presence of GBM, and that CEP levels appear to be proportional to tumour vascularity, as measured on PWI. However, in this study, none of the biomarkers of GBM vascularity were highly prognostic of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan E Bennett
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Nicole Kountouri
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Giovanna M D'abaco
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Christopher M Hovens
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Bradford A Moffat
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Patricia Desmond
- Department of Radiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katharine Drummond
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew H Kaye
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew P Morokoff
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia; Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial damage developing in severe sepsis or septic shock results in multiorgan dysfunction. An increased circulating endothelial cell (CEC) count represents a novel marker of endothelial damage, which has been reported in cases of severe sepsis or septic shock. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of CECs in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. METHODS CECs were evaluated and quantified by flow cytometry using plasma collected from patients with severe sepsis or septic shock who were admitted to a medical intensive care unit from February 2011 to August 2011. RESULTS During the study period, 77 patients were enrolled. The median CEC count was 350 cells/ml (range 0-15 984 cells/ml). There was no significant difference between cases of severe sepsis and septic shock [163 cells/ml (0-15 984 cells/ml) vs 363 cells/ml (0-7884 cells/ml), p = 0.507]. There were no correlations between the number of CECs and inflammatory markers. CEC counts were significantly increased in non-survivors compared to survivors [588.5 cells/ml (1-15 984 cells/ml) vs 292 cells/ml (0-12 882 cells/ml), p = 0.044] within 28 days. The sequential-related organ failure assessment score, CEC counts ≥ 500 cells/ml and blood lactate levels were significantly associated with 28 day mortality. CONCLUSIONS CEC counts were higher in non-survivors of severe sepsis or septic shock and could be used as a biomarker to predict the prognosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Wan Yoo
- From the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Koutroumpi M, Dimopoulos S, Psarra K, Kyprianou T, Nanas S. Circulating endothelial and progenitor cells: Evidence from acute and long-term exercise effects. World J Cardiol 2012; 4:312-26. [PMID: 23272272 PMCID: PMC3530787 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v4.i12.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells, named endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), are capable of maintaining, generating, and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of physiological cell turnover or tissue damage due to injury. Endothelium maintenance and restoration of normal endothelial cell function is guaranteed by a complex physiological procedure in which EPCs play a significant role. Decreased number of peripheral blood EPCs has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and high cardiovascular risk. In this review, we initially report current knowledge with regard to the role of EPCs in healthy subjects and the clinical value of EPCs in different disease populations such as arterial hypertension, obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome, obesity, diabetes mellitus, peripheral arterial disease, coronary artery disease, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. Recent studies have introduced the novel concept that physical activity, either performed as a single exercise session or performed as part of an exercise training program, results in a significant increase of circulating EPCs. In the second part of this review we provide preliminary evidence from recent studies investigating the effects of acute and long-term exercise in healthy subjects and athletes as well as in disease populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Koutroumpi
- Matina Koutroumpi, Stavros Dimopoulos, Serafim Nanas, Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1st Critical Care Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece
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