1
|
Kamisaki F, Inoue T, Tomiyoshi K, Matsuki M, Aoki K, Kusaka S, Tamaki S, Sato F, Murata I. Accurate gamma-ray dose measurement up to 10 MeV by glass dosimeter with a sensitivity control filter for BNCT. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 209:111299. [PMID: 38613949 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Glass dosimeters are very useful and convenient detection elements in radiation dosimetry. In this study, this glass dosimeter was applied to a BNCT treatment field. Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a next-generation radiation therapy that can selectively kill only cancer cells. In the BNCT treatment field, both neutrons and secondary gamma-rays are generated. In other words, it is a mixed radiation field of neutrons and gamma-rays. We thus proposed a novel method to measure only gamma-ray dose in the mixed field using two RPLGD (Radiophoto-luminescence Glass Dosimeter) and two sensitivity control filters in order to control the dose response of the filtered RPLGD to be proportional to the air kerma coefficients, even if the gamma-ray energy spectrum is unknown. As the filter material iron was selected, and it was finally confirmed that reproduction of the air kerma coefficients was excellent within an error of 5.3% in the entire energy range up to 10 MeV. In order to validate this method, irradiation experiments were carried out using standard gamma-ray sources. As the result, the measured doses were in acceptably good agreement with the theoretical calculation results by PHITS. In the irradiation experiment with a volume source in a nuclear fuel storage room, the measured dose rates showed larger compared with survey meter values. In conclusion, the results of the standard sources showed the feasibility of this method, however for the volume source the dependence of the gamma-ray incident angle on the dosimeter was found to be not neglected. In the next step, it will be necessary to design a thinner filter in order to suppress the effect of the incident angle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Kamisaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Inoue
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Tomiyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Matsuki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Aoki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kusaka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Tamaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - F Sato
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - I Murata
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
van Wel L, Liorni I, Huss A, Thielens A, Wiart J, Joseph W, Röösli M, Foerster M, Massardier-Pilonchery A, Capstick M, Cardis E, Vermeulen R. Radio-frequency electromagnetic field exposure and contribution of sources in the general population: an organ-specific integrative exposure assessment. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2021; 31:999-1007. [PMID: 33654268 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00287-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to achieve an integrated radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) dose assessment, detailed information about source-specific exposure duration and output power is needed. We developed an Integrated Exposure Model (IEM) to combine energy absorbed due to use of and exposure to RF-EMF sources and applied it to a sample of the general population to derive population RF-EMF estimates. The IEM used specific absorption rate transfer algorithms to provide RF-EMF daily dose estimates (mJ/kg/day) using source-specific attributes (e.g. output power, distance), personal characteristics and usage patterns. Information was obtained from an international survey performed in four European countries with 1755 participants. We obtained median whole-body and whole-brain doses of 183.7 and 204.4 mJ/kg/day. Main contributors to whole-brain dose were mobile phone near the head for calling (2G networks) and far-field sources, whereas the latter together with multiple other RF-EMF sources were main contributors for whole-body dose. For other anatomical sites, 2G phone calls, mobile data and far-field exposure were important contributors. The IEM provides insight into main contributors to total RF-EMF dose and, applied to an international survey, provides an estimate of population RF-dose. The IEM can be used in future epidemiological studies, risk assessments and exposure reduction strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luuk van Wel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilaria Liorni
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS Foundation), Zeughausstrasse, 43, 8004, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arno Thielens
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, IMEC, Waves Research Group, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley Wireless Research Center, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Joe Wiart
- Chair C2M, LTCI Télecom Paris, Institut polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Wout Joseph
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, IMEC, Waves Research Group, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, 4051, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milena Foerster
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, 4051, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amelie Massardier-Pilonchery
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Ifsttar, UMRESTTE, UMR T_9405, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373, Lyon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Myles Capstick
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS Foundation), Zeughausstrasse, 43, 8004, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Devi V, Chauhan RP. Implications on dose estimation and dispersion patterns of thoron in a typical indoor environment. Radiat Environ Biophys 2021; 60:309-316. [PMID: 33689025 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00899-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A model that describes the pollutant sources/sinks and inlet-outlet can help to assess the indoor exposure. Short half-life of radioactive thoron (220Rn) makes it vital and an interesting element to study its dispersion behavior. This work presents an extensive depiction of the influence of indoor environment thoron dispersion under fixed boundary conditions within the volume domain of 90 m3 using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. For the desirable air flow, inlet and outlet are considered in the room and the k-ɛ model is used. The thoron distribution is studied at different locations and different heights to cover the whole room. Obtained dispersion patterns vary at different locations and indicate non-uniformity of thoron level with elevated values in the room corners. Mean concentration was found to be 11 Bq/m3 with the exhalation rate of 0.102 Bqm-2 s-1. Some stagnant zones were found especially at the corners where the concentration is almost 5 times the average concentration. Such varying thoron level results in the overestimation and underestimation of the dose. The inhomogeneous behavior of thoron may cause variation in equilibrium factor. A simulated model is beneficial in understanding the radioactive gas behavior and has its importance in planning to find the correct dose estimation and, therefore, the best mitigation techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Devi
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - R P Chauhan
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hyland C, Kogut K, Gunier RB, Castorina R, Curl C, Eskenazi B, Bradman A. Organophosphate pesticide dose estimation from spot and 24-hr urine samples collected from children in an agricultural community. Environ Int 2021; 146:106226. [PMID: 33152651 PMCID: PMC8168949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spot urine samples are often used to assess exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides in place of "gold standard" 24-hr samples, which are cumbersome to collect. Assessment of non-persistent chemicals using spot urine samples may result in exposure misclassification that could bias epidemiological analyses towards the null. Few studies have examined the validity of measurements of urinary metabolites in spot samples to estimate daily OP dose or the potential implications of reliance on spot samples for risk assessments. OBJECTIVE Examine the validity of using first morning void (FMV) and random non-FMV urine samples to estimate cumulative 24-hr OP pesticide dose among children living in an agricultural region. METHODS We collected urine samples over 7 consecutive days, including two 24-hr samples, from 25 children living in an agricultural community. We used measurements of urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites, data on nearby agricultural pesticide applications, and daily dietary intake data to estimate internal dose from exposure to a mixture of OP pesticides according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cumulative Risk Assessment guidelines. Dose estimates from volume- and creatinine-adjusted same-day FMV and non-FMV spot urine samples were compared to the "gold standard" estimates from 24-hr samples. RESULTS Non-FMV samples had relatively weak ability to predict 24-hr dose (R2 = 0.09-0.38 for total DAPs) and tended to underestimate the percentage of samples exceeding regulatory guidelines. Models with FMV samples or the average of an FMV and non-FMV sample were similarly predictive of 24-hr estimates (R2 for DAPs = 0.40-0.68 and 0.40-0.80, respectively, depending on volume adjustment method). CONCLUSION Reliance on non-FMV samples for risk assessments may underestimate daily OP dose and the percentage of children with dose estimates exceeding regulatory guidelines. If 24-hr urine sample collection is infeasible, we recommend future studies prioritize the collection of FMV samples to most accurately characterize OP dose in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly Hyland
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
| | - Katherine Kogut
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Robert B Gunier
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Rosemary Castorina
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Cynthia Curl
- Department of Community and Environmental Health, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Asa Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hosoda M, Nugraha ED, Akata N, Yamada R, Tamakuma Y, Sasaki M, Kelleher K, Yoshinaga S, Suzuki T, Rattanapongs CP, Furukawa M, Yamaguchi M, Iwaoka K, Sanada T, Miura T, Iskandar D, Pudjadi E, Kashiwakura I, Tokonami S. A unique high natural background radiation area - Dose assessment and perspectives. Sci Total Environ 2021; 750:142346. [PMID: 33182182 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biological effects of low dose-rate radiation exposures on humans remains unknown. In fact, the Japanese nation still struggles with this issue after the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Recently, we have found a unique area in Indonesia where naturally high radiation levels are present, resulting in chronic low dose-rate radiation exposures. We aimed to estimate the comprehensive dose due to internal and external exposures at the particularly high natural radiation area, and to discuss the enhancement mechanism of radon. A car-borne survey was conducted to estimate the external doses from terrestrial radiation. Indoor radon measurements were made in 47 dwellings over three to five months, covering the two typical seasons, to estimate the internal doses. Atmospheric radon gases were simultaneously collected at several heights to evaluate the vertical distribution. The absorbed dose rates in air in the study area vary widely between 50 nGy h-1 and 1109 nGy h-1. Indoor radon concentrations ranged from 124 Bq m-3 to 1015 Bq m-3. That is, the indoor radon concentrations measured exceed the reference levels of 100 Bq m-3 recommended by the World Health Organization. Furthermore, the outdoor radon concentrations measured were comparable to the high indoor radon concentrations. The annual effective dose due to external and internal exposures in the study area was estimated to be 27 mSv using the median values. It was found that many residents are receiving radiation exposure from natural radionuclides over the dose limit for occupational exposure to radiation workers. This enhanced outdoor radon concentration might be as a result of the stable atmospheric conditions generated at an exceptionally low altitude. Our findings suggest that this area provides a unique opportunity to conduct an epidemiological study related to health effects due to chronic low dose-rate radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hosoda
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Eka Djatnika Nugraha
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, JI. Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Naofumi Akata
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamada
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4-33, Muramatsu, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1194, Japan
| | - Yuki Tamakuma
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Michiya Sasaki
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 2-11-1 Iwado kita, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
| | - Kevin Kelleher
- Office of Radiation Protection and Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Protection Agency, Richview, Clonskeagh Road, Dublin 14, Ireland
| | - Shinji Yoshinaga
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takahito Suzuki
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Chanis Pornnumpa Rattanapongs
- Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Masahide Furukawa
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Masaru Yamaguchi
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwaoka
- Center for Radiation Protection Knowledge, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1, Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sanada
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 7-Jo 15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Dadong Iskandar
- Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, JI. Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Eko Pudjadi
- Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, National Nuclear Energy Agency, JI. Lebak Bulus Raya No. 49, Jakarta 12440, Indonesia
| | - Ikuo Kashiwakura
- Depertment of Radiation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Shinji Tokonami
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chatzidiakou L, Krause A, Han Y, Chen W, Yan L, Popoola OAM, Kellaway M, Wu Y, Liu J, Hu M, Barratt B, Kelly FJ, Zhu T, Jones RL. Using low-cost sensor technologies and advanced computational methods to improve dose estimations in health panel studies: results of the AIRLESS project. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2020; 30:981-989. [PMID: 32788611 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution epidemiology has primarily relied on fixed outdoor air quality monitoring networks and static populations. METHODS Taking advantage of recent advancements in sensor technologies and computational techniques, this paper presents a novel methodological approach that improves dose estimations of multiple air pollutants in large-scale health studies. We show the results of an intensive field campaign that measured personal exposures to gaseous pollutants and particulate matter of a health panel of 251 participants residing in urban and peri-urban Beijing with 60 personal air quality monitors (PAMs). Outdoor air pollution measurements were collected in monitoring stations close to the participants' residential addresses. Based on parameters collected with the PAMs, we developed an advanced computational model that automatically classified time-activity-location patterns of each individual during daily life at high spatial and temporal resolution. RESULTS Applying this methodological approach in two established cohorts, we found substantial differences between doses estimated from outdoor and personal air quality measurements. The PAM measurements also significantly reduced the correlation between pollutant species often observed in static outdoor measurements, reducing confounding effects. CONCLUSIONS Future work will utilise these improved dose estimations to investigate the underlying mechanisms of air pollution on cardio-pulmonary health outcomes using detailed medical biomarkers in a way that has not been possible before.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia Chatzidiakou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Anika Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Yiqun Han
- MRC Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London and King's College London, London, UK
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Wu Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- MRC Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London and King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | | | | | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- The Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ben Barratt
- MRC Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London and King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Frank J Kelly
- MRC Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London and King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Tong Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
- The Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Roderic L Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hatami A, Bagheri M, Falahati F, Banaei A, Abedi-Firouzjah R, Zamani H, Kiapour M, Momeni F. Estimating the whole-body effective dose and health risks as well as introducing a new easy method for eye lens dosimetry in interventional cardiology procedures. MethodsX 2020; 7:101097. [PMID: 33134097 PMCID: PMC7586141 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to introduce a new method for eye lens thermo-luminescent dosimetry and also estimate the dose associated with induced cancer risk due to the ionizing radiation exposure received by physicians and other staff cooperating in interventional cardiology (IC) procedures. The measurements were performed with six TLDs (thermoluminescent dosimeters): four TLDs for eye lens dosimetry (2 positioned on respiratory/surgical mask under the eye region as the new method; and 2 near the outside border of the eye as the common method) and two TLDs for whole-body dosimetry. Whole-body doses were used to calculate the cancer risks induced by IC procedures. The results of the new proposed method for eye lens dosimetry were similar to common TLD positioning (mean differences <5%) and mask displacement had no significant effect on eye dose measurement in our new method. Our proposed method for eye lens dosimetry is simpler and more comfortable compared to the common method and it can be used as an alternative method without using TLD holders to monitor lens dose for IC workers wearing masks during the procedure. The estimated excess cancer incidence risk induced by IC procedures was 29.58 ± 5.71 and 46.68 ± 7.77 (per 100000 individuals) for men and women, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Hatami
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Bagheri
- Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Sina Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Falahati
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Banaei
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Zamani
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kiapour
- Department of Medical Physics Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farideh Momeni
- Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jafargholi Rangraz E, Tang X, Van Laeken C, Maleux G, Dekervel J, Van Cutsem E, Verslype C, Baete K, Nuyts J, Deroose CM. Quantitative comparison of pre-treatment predictive and post-treatment measured dosimetry for selective internal radiation therapy using cone-beam CT for tumor and liver perfusion territory definition. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:94. [PMID: 32797332 PMCID: PMC7427681 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a promising treatment for unresectable hepatic malignancies. Predictive dose calculation based on a simulation using 99mTc-labeled macro-aggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) before the treatment is considered as a potential tool for patient-specific treatment planning. Post-treatment dose measurement is mainly performed to confirm the planned absorbed dose to the tumor and non-tumor liver volumes. This study compared the predicted and measured absorbed dose distributions. Methods Thirty-one patients (67 tumors) treated by SIRT with resin microspheres were analyzed. Predicted and delivered absorbed dose was calculated using 99mTc-MAA-SPECT and 90Y-TOF-PET imaging. The voxel-level dose distribution was derived using the local deposition model. Liver perfusion territories and tumors have been delineated on contrast-enhanced CBCT images, which have been acquired during the 99mTc-MAA work-up. Several dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters together with the mean dose for liver perfusion territories and non-tumoral and tumoral compartments were evaluated. Results A strong correlation between the predicted and measured mean dose for non-tumoral volume was observed (r = 0.937). The ratio of measured and predicted mean dose to this volume has a first, second, and third interquartile range of 0.83, 1.05, and 1.25. The difference between the measured and predicted mean dose did not exceed 11 Gy. The correlation between predicted and measured mean dose to the tumor was moderate (r = 0.623) with a mean difference of − 9.3 Gy. The ratio of measured and predicted tumor mean dose had a median of 1.01 with the first and third interquartile ranges of 0.58 and 1.59, respectively. Our results suggest that 99mTc-MAA-based dosimetry could predict under or over dosing of the non-tumoral liver parenchyma for almost all cases. For more than two thirds of the tumors, a predictive absorbed dose correctly indicated either good tumor dose coverage or under-dosing of the tumor. Conclusion Our results highlight the predictive value of 99mTc-MAA-based dose estimation to predict non-tumor liver irradiation, which can be applied to prescribe an optimized activity aiming at avoiding liver toxicity. Compared to non-tumoral tissue, a poorer agreement between predicted and measured absorbed dose is observed for tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Jafargholi Rangraz
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Xikai Tang
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Geert Maleux
- Radiology Section, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Dekervel
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric Van Cutsem
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Verslype
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristof Baete
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Nuyts
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bilgiç E, Gündüz O. Dose and risk estimation of Cs-137 and I-131 released from a hypothetical accident in Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant. J Environ Radioact 2020; 211:106082. [PMID: 31707255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The construction of Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) was launched in 2018 and the plant is expected to be operative by the year 2023. Being situated in the Mediterranean coastline, Akkuyu NPP will be the first nuclear power generation facility in Turkey. The plant will have four Russian VVER-1200 type pressurized water reactors with a total installed capacity of 4800 MW. In this study, atmospheric dispersion and ground level deposition of Cs-137 and I-131 released from a possible accident in Akkuyu NPP was estimated using a Lagrangian particle dispersion model, FLEXPART, for different time periods representing relatively extreme meteorological conditions for Mersin. The source term used in simulations was assumed the same with that of the Chernobyl NPP accident that occurred in 1986. In addition, cumulative dose and risk values were calculated from FLEXPART output datasets considering potential exposure pathways such as inhalation, ground-shine exposure and cloud-shine exposure. The results were further analyzed with python codes and dose and risk maps were created for local and regional scales. According to results of the study, it was found that the vicinity of Mersin and Central Anatolia were simulated to be the most significantly affected areas from the accident under both scenario conditions. The northern and western parts and all coastlines of Turkey were simulated to be more contaminated in the simulations conducted under December 2009 conditions, whereas southern and western parts of Turkey and some parts of Middle East countries like Syria, Iraq and Lebanon were simulated to be comparatively more contaminated under August 2010 conditions. The results indicated that radioactivity levels exceeding 100 kBq/m2 were observed near the accident site under both scenario conditions. Values exceeding 10 kBq/m2 level were simulated in western Turkey in the first scenario whereas similar values were found in eastern Turkey in the second scenario. Furthermore, the results indicated 7-day thyroid dose values ranging between 0.10 mSv and 10.0 mSv in western and eastern parts of Mediterranean region for the first and the second scenario, respectively. Similarly, 1-year effective dose of only Cs-137 ranged between 0.1 mSv and 1.0 mSv around Akkuyu NPP site in both scenarios. The results revealed that meteorological conditions were among the most important parameter for the fate and transport of radioactivity originating from such a catastrophic event.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efem Bilgiç
- Dokuz Eylul University, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Orhan Gündüz
- Dokuz Eylul University, Department of Environmental Engineering, Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zehringer M, Kammerer F, Wagmann M. Radionuclides in tea and their behaviour in the brewing process. J Environ Radioact 2018; 192:75-80. [PMID: 29890360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tea plantations may be strongly affected by radioactive fallout. Tea plantations on the Turkish coast of the Black Sea were heavily contaminated by the fallout from the reactor fire at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986. Two years later, the contamination level was reduced by about 90%. When tea is brewed, the original contamination in the tea leaves is more or less leached into the tea water. While most of the radiocaesium (60-80%) is washed out by brewing, most of the radiostrontium remains in the leaves (70-80%). In food laws, a dilution factor of 40-50 is considered for tea brewing. Most laws only define limit values for radiocaesium. Radiostrontium is not specially regulated, even though its dose coefficients for ingestion are higher than the corresponding coefficients for radiocaesium. Radiostrontium in tea occurs primarily from global fallout (bomb tests from 1945-1965).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Zehringer
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Franziska Kammerer
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wagmann
- State-Laboratory Basel-City, Kannenfeldstrasse 2, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li S, Lu X, Feng JB, Tian M, Liu QJ. Identification and Validation of Candidate Radiation-responsive Genes for Human Biodosimetr. Biomed Environ Sci 2017; 30:834-840. [PMID: 29216961 DOI: 10.3967/bes2017.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to analyze the global research trend of radiation-responsive genes and identify the highly reproducible radiation-responsive genes. Bibliometric methods were applied to analyze the global research trend of radiation-responsive genes. We found 79 publications on radiation-responsive genes from 2000 to 2017. A total of 35 highly reproducible radiation-responsive genes were identified. Most genes are involved in response to DNA damage, cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair. The p53 signal pathway was the top enriched pathway. The expression levels of 18 genes in human B lymphoblastoid cell line (AHH-1) cells were significantly up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h after exposure to 0-5 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation. Our results indicate that developing a gene expression panel with the 35 high reproducibility radiation-responsive genes may be necessary for qualitative and quantitative assessment after exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xue Lu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Jiang Bin Feng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Mei Tian
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Qing Jie Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Iwaoka K, Hosoda M, Yajima K, Tokonami S. Measurements of radon exhalation rate in NORM used as consumer products in Japan. Appl Radiat Isot 2017; 126:304-306. [PMID: 28153437 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-five beauty products known to contain natural radionuclides were collected, and their 222Rn mass exhalation rates were measured. The effective doses to workers due to 222Rn exhaled from these products were estimated. The 222Rn mass exhalation rates of these products were below 177 μBq kg-1 s-1 and were almost identical to those of natural rocks in Japan. The maximum effective dose of 222Rn exhaled from these products was 71 μSv y-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Iwaoka
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan; National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Hosoda
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Yajima
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shinji Tokonami
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hosoda M, Kudo H, Iwaoka K, Yamada R, Suzuki T, Tamakuma Y, Tokonami S. Characteristic of thoron ( 220Rn) in environment. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 120:7-10. [PMID: 27894046 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes importance of 220Rn (hereafter thoron) progeny measurement for the dose estimation. Although the spatial distribution of thoron activity concentration strongly depends on the distance from wall surface as an indoor thoron source), a homogeneous distribution was expected to be observed for 212Pb activity concentration which was one of thoron progeny. Furthermore, the mean equilibrium factor for thoron obtained by the recent measurements in several countries widely ranged from 0.008 to 0.07. Therefore the bronchial dose evaluated using the equilibrium factor and activity concentration of thoron instead of thoron progeny activity concentration may have a large uncertainty. Thus, the thoron progeny measurement should be investigated at each measurement point for the dose estimation for thoron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hosoda
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kudo
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Kazuki Iwaoka
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamada
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Takahito Suzuki
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Yuki Tamakuma
- Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Shinji Tokonami
- Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ota M, Katata G, Nagai H, Terada H. Impacts of C-uptake by plants on the spatial distribution of 14C accumulated in vegetation around a nuclear facility-Application of a sophisticated land surface 14C model to the Rokkasho reprocessing plant, Japan. J Environ Radioact 2016; 162-163:189-204. [PMID: 27267157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of carbon uptake by plants on the spatial distribution of radiocarbon (14C) accumulated in vegetation around a nuclear facility were investigated by numerical simulations using a sophisticated land surface 14C model (SOLVEG-II). In the simulation, SOLVEG-II was combined with a mesoscale meteorological model and an atmospheric dispersion model. The model combination was applied to simulate the transfer of 14CO2 and to assess the radiological impact of 14C accumulation in rice grains during test operations of the Rokkasho reprocessing plant (RRP), Japan, in 2007. The calculated 14C-specific activities in rice grains agreed with the observed activities in paddy fields around the RRP within a factor of four. The annual effective dose delivered from 14C in the rice grain was estimated to be less than 0.7 μSv, only 0.07% of the annual effective dose limit of 1 mSv for the public. Numerical experiments of hypothetical continuous atmospheric 14CO2 release from the RRP showed that the 14C-specific activities of rice plants at harvest differed from the annual mean activities in the air. The difference was attributed to seasonal variations in the atmospheric 14CO2 concentration and the growth of the rice plant. Accumulation of 14C in the rice plant significantly increased when 14CO2 releases were limited during daytime hours, compared with the results observed during the nighttime. These results indicated that plant growth stages and diurnal photosynthesis should be considered in predictions of the ingestion dose of 14C for long-term chronic releases and short-term diurnal releases of 14CO2, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Ota
- Research Group for Environmental Science, Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
| | - Genki Katata
- Research Group for Environmental Science, Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Nagai
- Research Group for Environmental Science, Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Terada
- Research Group for Environmental Science, Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang ML, Tsuang BJ, Kuo PH. Dose estimation for nuclear power plant 4 accident in Taiwan at Fukushima nuclear meltdown emission level. J Environ Radioact 2016; 155-156:71-83. [PMID: 26913979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An advanced Gaussian trajectory dispersion model is used to evaluate the evacuation zone due to a nuclear meltdown at the Nuclear Power Plant 4 (NPP4) in Taiwan, with the same emission level as that occurred at Fukushima nuclear meltdown (FNM) in 2011. Our study demonstrates that a FNM emission level would pollute 9% of the island's land area with annual effective dose ≥50 mSv using the meteorological data on 11 March 2011 in Taiwan. This high dose area is also called permanent evacuation zone (denoted as PEZ). The PEZ as well as the emergency-planning zone (EPZ) are found to be sensitive to meteorological conditions on the event. In a sunny day under the dominated NE wind conditions, the EPZ can be as far as 100 km with the first 7-day dose ≥20 mSv. Three hundred sixty-five daily events using the meteorological data from 11 March 2011 to 9 March 2012 are evaluated. It is found that the mean land area of Taiwan in becoming the PEZ is 11%. Especially, the probabilities of the northern counties/cities (Keelung, New Taipei, Taipei, Taoyuan, Hsinchu City, Hsinchu County and Ilan County) to be PEZs are high, ranging from 15% in Ilan County to 51% in Keelung City. Note that the total population of the above cities/counties is as high as 10 million people. Moreover, the western valleys of the Central Mountain Range are also found to be probable being PEZs, where all of the reservoirs in western Taiwan are located. For example, the probability can be as high as 3% in the far southern-most tip of Taiwan Island in Pingtung County. This shows that the entire populations in western Taiwan can be at risk due to the shortage of clean water sources under an event at FNM emission level, especially during the NE monsoon period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Tang
- Dept. of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Jei Tsuang
- Dept. of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Hsuan Kuo
- Dept. of Environmental Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yeşilkanat CM, Kobya Y, Taşkin H, Çevik U. Dose rate estimates and spatial interpolation maps of outdoor gamma dose rate with geostatistical methods; A case study from Artvin, Turkey. J Environ Radioact 2015; 150:132-144. [PMID: 26318776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, compliance of geostatistical estimation methods is compared to ensure investigation and imaging natural Fon radiation using the minimum number of data. Artvin province, which has a quite hilly terrain and wide variety of soil and located in the north-east of Turkey, is selected as the study area. Outdoor gamma dose rate (OGDR), which is an important determinant of environmental radioactivity level, is measured in 204 stations. Spatial structure of OGDR is determined by anisotropic, isotropic and residual variograms. Ordinary kriging (OK) and universal kriging (UK) interpolation estimations were calculated with the help of model parameters obtained from these variograms. In OK, although calculations are made based on positions of points where samples are taken, in the UK technique, general soil groups and altitude values directly affecting OGDR are included in the calculations. When two methods are evaluated based on their performances, it has been determined that UK model (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) gives quite better results than OK model (r = 0.64, p < 0.001). In addition, as a result of the maps created at the end of the study, it was illustrated that local changes are better reflected by UK method compared to OK method and its error variance is found to be lower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Mert Yeşilkanat
- Artvin Çoruh University, Faculty of Art and Science, Department of Physics, 08100 Artvin, Turkey.
| | - Yaşar Kobya
- Artvin Çoruh University, Faculty of Engineering, Energy Systems Engineering, 08100 Artvin, Turkey
| | - Halim Taşkin
- TAEK, Cekmece Nuclear Research and Training Centre, Altınşehir Yolu 5 Km, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Çevik
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, 61000 Trabzon, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Feng L, He L, Wang Y, Du L, Xu C, Liu Q, Fan F. Eight-year follow-up study of three individuals accidentally exposed to (60)Co radiation: Chromosome aberration and micronucleus analysis. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2015; 784-785:10-4. [PMID: 26046971 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We assessed dose levels and the persistence of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in three individuals in the 8 year following accidental (60)Co radiation exposure. Venous blood samples were collected and used for analyses: traditional chromosome aberration (CA) measurement, G-banding, and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. For CA analysis, we scored dicentric chromosomes (dic) and rings (r) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The radiation doses (Gy) suffered by the individuals were estimated as: 1.79-2.43 (A), 2.36-2.86 (B), 1.58-1.82 (C), based on CA analysis; and 1.8-2.34 (A), 2.52-2.98 (B), 1.53-1.77 (C), based on CBMN frequencies. G-banding analysis was used to record translocations (t), inversions (inv), and deletions (del). Following the accident, unstable CAs reduced gradually, but stable aberrations persisted. Unstable CAs and CBMN may be valuable biomarkers for dose estimation shortly after high-dose radiation accidents, while stable aberrations may be more useful for assessing long-term effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China; Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, PR China; Radiation Medical Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, PR China.
| | - Ling He
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Liqing Du
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Chang Xu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| | - Feiyue Fan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Şakalar E, Mol S. Determination of irradiation dose and distinguishing between irradiated and non irradiated fish meat by real-time PCR. Food Chem 2015; 182:150-5. [PMID: 25842321 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.02.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of gamma irradiation on the DNA of fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by real-time PCR were studied. Fish (O. mykiss) were exposed to radiation doses of 0.250, 0.500, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 kGy in a gamma cell. Primers were designed for regions with different lengths of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and each primer was used to amplify the DNA from irradiated samples. The amplicon curves for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, and the correlations among the curves, were obtained. The Ct values for a 519 bp region of the 18S RNA gene on nuclear DNA correlated appropriately. Radiation doses applied to the fillets were estimated using the standard curve data obtained from the correlation values, and the DNA damage caused by each dose was calculated. As a consequence, a molecular methodology to analyze irradiated fish meat qualitatively and also for the estimation of administered dose was developed. This method allowed analysis of irradiated fish, which had been stored for up to 3 months with a dose limit of approximately 0.5 kGy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ergün Şakalar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - Sühendan Mol
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, İstanbul University, Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iwaoka K, Tabe H, Yonehara H. Activity concentration of natural radioactive nuclides in nonmetallic industrial raw materials in Japan. J Environ Radioact 2014; 137:130-136. [PMID: 25046866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural materials such as rock, ore, and clay, containing natural radioactive nuclides are widely used as industrial raw materials in Japan. If these are high concentrations, the workers who handle the material can be unknowingly exposed to radiation at a high level. In this study, about 80 nonmetallic natural materials frequently used as industrial raw materials in Japan were comprehensively collected from several industrial companies, and the activity concentrations of (238)U series, (232)Th series and (40)K in the materials was determined by ICP-MS (inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer) and gamma ray spectrum analyses. Effective doses to workers handling them were estimated by using methods for dose estimation given in the RP 122. We found the activity concentrations to be lower than the critical values defined by regulatory requirements as described in the IAEA Safety Guide. The maximum estimated effective dose to workers handling these materials was 0.16 mSv y(-1), which was lower than the reference level (1-20 mSv y(-1)) for existing situation given in the ICRP Publ.103.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Iwaoka
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Honcho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Tabe
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yonehara
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Suzuki M, Masunaga S, Kinashi Y, Kondo N, Ono K, Maruhashi A. Dose estimation for internal organs during boron neutron capture therapy for body-trunk tumors. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 88:43-5. [PMID: 24679832 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiation doses during boron neutron capture therapy for body-trunk tumors were estimated for various internal organs, using data from patients treated at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute. Dose-volume histograms were constructed for tissues of the lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, and bowel. For pleural mesothelioma, the target total dose to the normal lung tissues on the diseased side is 5Gy-Eq in average for the whole lung. It was confirmed that the dose to the liver should be carefully considered in cases of right lung disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Sakurai
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan.
| | - H Tanaka
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - M Suzuki
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - S Masunaga
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - Y Kinashi
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - N Kondo
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - K Ono
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| | - A Maruhashi
- Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute, Asashironishi 2-1010, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan
| |
Collapse
|