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Nawata K, Kadoya A, Suzuki S. Persistence of Marine Bacterial Plasmid in the House Fly (Musca domestica): Marine-Derived Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Have a Chance of Invading the Human Environment. Microb Ecol 2024; 87:30. [PMID: 38191744 PMCID: PMC10774151 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The house fly is known to be a vector of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in animal farms. It is also possible that the house fly contributes to the spread of ARB and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among various environments. We hypothesized that ARB and ARGs present in marine fish and fishery food may gain access to humans via the house fly. We show herein that pAQU1, a marine bacterial ARG-bearing plasmid, persists in the house fly intestine for 5 days after fly ingestion of marine bacteria. In the case of Escherichia coli bearing the same plasmid, the persistence period exceeded 7 days. This interval is sufficient for transmission to human environments, meaning that the house fly is capable of serving as a vector of marine-derived ARGs. Time course monitoring of the house fly intestinal microflora showed that the initial microflora was occupied abundantly with Enterobacteriaceae. Experimentally ingested bacteria dominated the intestinal environment immediately following ingestion; however, after 72 h, the intestinal microflora recovered to resemble that observed at baseline, when diverse genera of Enterobacteriaceae were seen. Given that pAQU1 in marine bacteria and E. coli were detected in fly excrement (defined here as any combination of feces and regurgitated material) at 7 days post-bacterial ingestion, we hypothesize that the house fly may serve as a vector for transmission of ARGs from marine items and fish to humans via contamination with fly excrement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoko Nawata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Aya Kadoya
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Satoru Suzuki
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan.
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Celis JE, Espejo W, Chiang G, Kitamura D, Kashiwada S, O'Driscoll NJ. Concentration of fifty-six elements in excreta of penguins from the Antarctic Peninsula area. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 192:115133. [PMID: 37276708 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Seabird feces as indicators of the exposure to environmental contaminants have been studied worldwide. Penguins are indicator species for marine pollution, but their role as biovectors of rare earth elements (REEs) to ecosystems have been little studied. The present study quantified the concentration of REEs and trace elements (TEs) in feces of gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua). Adult penguin excreta from Fildes Bay (King George Island) and Yelcho Base (Palmer Archipelago) were collected and then analyzed by ICP-MS. Among REEs, levels ranged from 0.0038 to 1.02 μg g-1 d.w. for Lu and Ce, respectively. For TEs, the levels varied widely through the sample set, with Al, Fe, Sr, Zn and Ti as the highest mean levels, particularly at Fildes Bay. The data show that gentoo penguins act as a biovector organism by transporting TEs and REEs from the sea to land via excreta, reaffirming that this species acts as an important biovector organism in Antarctic ecosystems. The potential impacts of this process on Antarctic ecosystems needs further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- José E Celis
- Department of Animal Science, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Av. Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile
| | - Winfred Espejo
- Soils & Natural Resources Department, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Av. Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Gustavo Chiang
- Sustainability Research Centre-Ecology & Biodiversity Department, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daiki Kitamura
- Research Center for Life and Environmental Sciences, Toyo University, Oura 374-0193, Japan
| | - Shosaku Kashiwada
- Research Center for Life and Environmental Sciences, Toyo University, Oura 374-0193, Japan
| | - Nelson J O'Driscoll
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
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Boros E, Takács A, Dobosy P, Vörös L. Extreme guanotrophication by phosphorus in contradiction with the productivity of alkaline soda pan ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2021; 793:148300. [PMID: 34174614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waterbirds as nutrient vectors can cause high phosphorus loading in shallow inland aquatic ecosystems. The main goal of this study was to determine the causal relationships between the characteristic physico-chemical properties of intermittent (temporary) alkaline soda pan (playa) ecosystems and specific (surface and volume-related) P loading of waterbirds by in situ field investigation, estimation as well as laboratory experiments using standard methods. In addition, our aim was to estimate the contribution of groundwater and precipitation to the total phosphorus pool of soda pans in Hungary. The estimated high specific external P loading of waterbirds (mean: 185 mg P/m2/y, 3.32 mg P/L/year) can explain the majority of the hypertrophic TP pool (mean: 5.17 mg/L, 64%) in soda pans, which is mediated by large-bodied herbivorous (e.g. geese and ducks) and medium-bodied omnivorous (e.g. gulls) waterbirds, who are important external nutrient importers and major phosphorus source. The results also confirm the hypothesis that groundwater (3%) and precipitation (5%) together account for a smaller estimated (8% in this study) contribution to the hypertrophic TP pool in soda pans, while the contribution of waterbirds (64% in this study) to the TP is much higher (64-100%). In this study, the remaining part of TP (maximum 28%) pool can be explained by internal P sources. Soda pans are characterized by physical and chemical characteristics coupled with high densities of waterbirds, as biotic mediators of external P sources, which together cause the maintenance of high concentrations of P-forms. The extreme guanotrophication by high P loading of herbivorous waterbirds causing a hypertrophic state is in contradiction with the limited primary production of natural soda pans. This unique phenomenon can be explained by the multiple impact of prevailing extreme physico-chemical drivers (intermittent hydrological cycle, shallow water depth, high turbidity, salinity, alkalinity) and by the specific nutrient cycle of these alkaline soda ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Boros
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Anita Takács
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno str. 3. P.O. Box 35, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
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Chen S, Wang J, Feng H, Shen D, He S, Xu Y. Quantitative study on the fate of antibiotic emissions in China. Environ Geochem Health 2020; 42:3471-3479. [PMID: 32419089 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00563-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
China, the largest producer and user of antibiotics in the world, discharges excessive amounts of these substances into the environment, without prior treatment. This results in ubiquitous distribution of these substances, as well as increased levels of drug-resistant bacteria, that will eventually cause unimaginable consequences to the environment and to humans. However, most of the research on antibiotics has focused on residue analysis of single medium such as wastewater and landfills. There is paucity of research that systematically investigates the fate of antibiotics after excretion, and specifically of end-treatment processes. In this paper, the fate of antibiotic emissions is systematically calculated. The results show that human and livestock feces account for 57.6% and 42.6% of the discharge of medicinal antibiotics and veterinary antibiotics, respectively. Of these feces types, pig feces accounted for 98.7% of antibiotic residues in livestock feces. The above conclusions can be used to clarify the direction of the tracking and supervision of antibiotic residues and provide new ideas for the treatment of antibiotics, especially their terminal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Huajun Feng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shichong He
- Zhejiang Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yingfeng Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Liu Q, Chen Y, Maltby L, Zheng Y, Ma Q. Trace elements exposure of endangered crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) under in situ and ex situ conservations. Environ Pollut 2019; 253:800-810. [PMID: 31344541 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), one of the rarest birds in the world, was almost extinct in the historically widespread areas partly due to the environmental pollution. Therefore, non-invasive indicators of feather, eggshell, and excrement were used to investigate the exposure of this endangered bird to eleven trace elements in this study. The results indicated that crested ibises under in situ and ex situ conservations were diversely exposed to trace elements, with higher exposure levels of As, Cd, and Mn in the wild, but higher exposure levels of Hg, Se, and Zn in the captive breeding center. In addition, concentrations of As, Co, Cr, and Ni were significantly greater in the sediments of three types of foraging habitats for wild crested ibis, but concentration of Se was greater in the soil of captive cages. Feather and eggshell of crested ibis exhibited a very consistent indication for most of the trace elements, and concentrations of almost all of the elements in the excrements were very consistent with the results in the environmental samples (sediments or soils). Concentrations of As, Hg, Mn, and Zn in feathers, and Mn and Zn in eggshells of wild and captive crested ibis were greater than those in other similar species. Moreover, As, Cd, Cu, and Mn concentrations in excrement of wild crested ibises were greater than that in captive individuals and other species, but Se and Zn concentrations in excrement of captive crested ibises were greater than that of the wild and other species. The present study provided evidence that both of the wild and captive crested ibis were exposed to trace elements, which may be harmful to their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, PR China
| | - Yiping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
| | - Lorraine Maltby
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, The University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Yingjuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, PR China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Conservation and Breeding Center, Xi'an, 710402, PR China
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Otero XL, de la Peña-Lastra S, Romero D, Nobrega GN, Ferreira TO, Pérez-Alberti A. Trace elements in biomaterials and soils from a Yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) colony in the Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park (NW Spain). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 133:144-149. [PMID: 30041301 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Seabird colonies drastically transform the sites that they inhabit. Although the influence of seabirds on nutrient cycling has been investigated in numerous studies, the effects on trace elements has scarcely been considered. In this study, we determined the total contents of 9 trace elements in biomaterials (excrement, pellets, feathers and eggs) and soils in relation to the presence the Yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis. The concentrations of Zn, Cu and As were particularly high in the pellets and excrement. The total contents of the trace elements were significantly higher in the soils in the sub-colonies in which Yellow-legged gulls predominate than in soil from the control zone (with no gulls). The difference was even higher for the most reactive geochemical fractions. We observed that the oxidizable fraction was the most relevant fraction for almost all trace elements, indicating the importance of organic matter in trace element retention in sandy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Otero
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - S de la Peña-Lastra
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - D Romero
- Departamento de Solos, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz Queiroz, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G N Nobrega
- Departamento de Solos, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz Queiroz, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - T O Ferreira
- Departamento de Solos, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz Queiroz, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Pérez-Alberti
- Departamento de Xeografía, Facultade de Xeografía e Historia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Magotani M, Nakamura A, Ikegami H, Kunii S, Mishina Y, Morimoto K, Kishigami S. Recovery of active recombinant EGFP from the excrement of transgenic mice: A possible source of recombinant protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:817-823. [PMID: 29689268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic animals provide attractive systems for the production of valuable recombinant proteins. Previous studies indicate that milk is a suitable source of secreted recombinant proteins. In the current study, we examine whether excrement can be another source of recombinant proteins by using transgenic mice ubiquitously-expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model. We found that the surface of excrement from GFP-transgenic mice was fluorescent, and the supernatant after centrifugation of an excrement suspension was rich in undegraded, actively fluorescing GFP. GFP was successfully purified from stool as a fluorescent 27 kDa protein by using a common procedure. Finally, we observed that the fluorescence of digested materials began in the ileum and persisted throughout the remainder of the digestive tract. Our results demonstrate that excrement, which is produced daily regardless of the sex or age of the animal, may be another feasible source of recombinant proteins. The preparation method is simple, economical, and noninvasive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masateru Magotani
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Aya Nakamura
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Haruka Ikegami
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Saori Kunii
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Koichi Morimoto
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Genetic Engineering, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Kishigami
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan; Advanced Biotechnology Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
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Kenney LA, Kaler RSA, Kissling ML, Bond AL, Eagles-Smith CA. Mercury concentrations in multiple tissues of Kittlitz's murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris). Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 129:675-680. [PMID: 29100636 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a non-essential, toxic metal that is distributed worldwide. Mercury biomagnifies in food webs and can threaten the health of top predators such as seabirds. The Kittlitz's murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a seabird endemic to Alaska and the Russian Far East and is a species of conservation concern in the region. We determined Hg concentrations in eggshells, guano, blood, and feathers of Kittlitz's murrelets sampled from four locations in Alaska. Mercury concentrations in eggshells, guano, and blood were low compared to other seabird species. Mean Hg concentrations of breast feathers from Adak Island and Glacier Bay were significantly greater than those from Agattu Island or Icy Bay. Two Kittlitz's murrelets at Glacier Bay and one Kittlitz's murrelet at Adak Island had Hg concentrations above those associated with impaired reproduction in other bird species, and may merit further investigation as a potential threat to individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexander L Bond
- Ardenna Research, Potton, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2QA, United Kingdom
| | - Collin A Eagles-Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Epps JM. Recovery of Soybean Cyst Nematodes (Heterodera glycines) from the Digestive Tracts of Blackbirds. J Nematol 1971; 3:417-419. [PMID: 19322401 PMCID: PMC2619892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract contents and feces of blackbirds were examined for cysts of Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode. Birds fed under laboratory conditions and trapped in naturally-infested fields were checked. Infective larvae were recovered from cysts in the excrement of birds 24 and 48 hr after they were fed cysts. Birds that were force-fed eggs and larvae discharged infective larvae in the excrement. Birds which consumed cysts mixed with feed and cysts in feed mixed with soil discharged numerous cysts containing infective larvae. Seven of 54 starlings, trapped and killed in an infested field, contained cysts in their digestive tracts.
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