1
|
Potgieter RL, Mwangi PN, Mogotsi MT, Uwimana J, Mutesa L, Muganga N, Murenzi D, Tusiyenge L, Seheri ML, Steele AD, Mwenda JM, Nyaga MM. Genomic Analysis of Rwandan G9P[8] Rotavirus Strains Pre- and Post-RotaTeq ® Vaccine Reveals Significant Distinct Sub-Clustering in a Post-Vaccination Cohort. Viruses 2023; 15:2321. [PMID: 38140562 PMCID: PMC10747556 DOI: 10.3390/v15122321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the introduction of rotavirus vaccines has substantially contributed to the reduction in rotavirus morbidity and mortality, concerns persist about the re-emergence of variant strains that might alter vaccine effectiveness in the long term. The G9 strains re-emerged in Africa during the mid-1990s and have more recently become predominant in some countries, such as Ghana and Zambia. In Rwanda, during the 2011 to 2015 routine surveillance period, G9P[8] persisted during both the pre- and post-vaccine periods. The pre-vaccination cohort was based on the surveillance period of 2011 to 2012, and the post-vaccination cohort was based on the period of 2013 to 2015, excluding 2014. The RotaTeq® vaccine that was first introduced in Rwanda in 2012 is genotypically heterologous to Viral Protein 7 (VP7) G9. This study elucidated the whole genome of Rwandan G9P[8] rotavirus strains pre- and post-RotaTeq® vaccine introduction. Fecal samples from Rwandan children under the age of five years (pre-vaccine n = 23; post-vaccine n = 7), conventionally genotyped and identified as G9P[8], were included. Whole-genome sequencing was then performed using the Illumina® MiSeq platform. Phylogenetic analysis and pair-wise sequence analysis were performed using MEGA6 software. Distinct clustering of three post-vaccination study strains was observed in all 11 gene segments, compared to the other Rwandan G9P[8] study strains. Specific amino acid differences were identified across the gene segments of these three 2015 post-vaccine strains. Important amino acid differences were identified at position N242S in the VP7 genome segment of the three post-vaccine G9 strains compared to the other G9 strains. This substitution occurs at a neutralization epitope site and may slightly affect protein interaction at that position. These findings indicate that the Rwandan G9P[8] strains revealed a distinct sub-clustering pattern among post-vaccination study strains circulating in Rwanda, with changes at neutralization epitopes, which may play a role in neutralization escape from vaccine candidates. This emphasizes the need for continuous whole-genome surveillance to better understand the evolution and epidemiology of the G9P[8] strains post-vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn-Lee Potgieter
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; (R.-L.P.); (P.N.M.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Peter N. Mwangi
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; (R.-L.P.); (P.N.M.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Milton T. Mogotsi
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; (R.-L.P.); (P.N.M.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Jeannine Uwimana
- Department of Pediatrics, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda; (J.U.); (L.M.); (N.M.); (D.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Leon Mutesa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda; (J.U.); (L.M.); (N.M.); (D.M.); (L.T.)
- Centre for Human Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda
| | - Narcisse Muganga
- Department of Pediatrics, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda; (J.U.); (L.M.); (N.M.); (D.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Didier Murenzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda; (J.U.); (L.M.); (N.M.); (D.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Lisine Tusiyenge
- Department of Pediatrics, Kigali University Teaching Hospital, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 4285, Rwanda; (J.U.); (L.M.); (N.M.); (D.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Mapaseka L. Seheri
- Diarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa, Pretoria 0204, South Africa; (M.L.S.); (A.D.S.)
| | - A. Duncan Steele
- Diarrheal Pathogens Research Unit, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Medunsa, Pretoria 0204, South Africa; (M.L.S.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Jason M. Mwenda
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. Box 06, Congo;
| | - Martin M. Nyaga
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; (R.-L.P.); (P.N.M.); (M.T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiao Y, Han T, Qi X, Gao Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhang Z, Du J, Sun L. Human rotavirus strains circulating among children in the capital of China (2018-2022)_ predominance of G9P[8] and emergence ofG8P[8]. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18236. [PMID: 37554825 PMCID: PMC10404872 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to update the genetic diversity of Rotavirus (RV) infections in children under five years old in Beijing, China. METHODS A 5-year active hospital-based surveillance for sporadic acute gastroenteritis (AGE) from January 2018 to December 2022 in the capital of China was performed. A total of 748 fecal samples from AGE patients were collected for followed by RV antigen detection by ELSIA, RNA detection by reverse transcription PCR, G/P genotyping and phylogenetic analyzing. RESULTS RV antigen was detected in 11.0% of the collected samples, with 54 samples confirmed to be RV RNA positive. G9 and G8 genotypes were identified in 43 (79.6%) and 7 (13.0%) samples, respectively, all of which were allocated to P[8]. The predominant G/P combination was G9P[8] (79.6%), following by G8P[8] (13.0%), G4P[8] (5.6%) and G3P[8] (1.9%). A significant change in G/P-type distribution was observed, with the G9P[8] being predominant from 2018 to 2021, followed by the emergence of an uncommon G8P[8] genotype, which was first reported in 2021 and became predominant in 2022. Blast analysis showed that one G1 isolate had a high similarity of 99.66% on nucleotide acid with RotaTeq vaccine strain with only one amino acid difference L150V. Additionally, one P[8] isolate was clustered into a branch together with RotaTeq vaccine strain G6P[8]. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals that G8P[8] has become the predominant genotype in pediatric outpatients in China for the first time, indicating a significant change in the composition of RV genetic diversity. The importance of RVA genotyping in surveillance is emphasized, as it provides the basis for new vaccine application and future vaccine efficacy evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Taoli Han
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiao Qi
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jialiang Du
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Lingli Sun
- Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jones FK, Ko AI, Becha C, Joshua C, Musto J, Thomas S, Ronsse A, Kirkwood CD, Sio A, Aumua A, Nilles EJ. Increased Rotavirus Prevalence in Diarrheal Outbreak Precipitated by Localized Flooding, Solomon Islands, 2014. Emerg Infect Dis 2016; 22:875-9. [PMID: 27088272 PMCID: PMC4861519 DOI: 10.3201/eid2205.151743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flooding on 1 of the Solomon Islands precipitated a nationwide epidemic of diarrhea that spread to regions unaffected by flooding and caused >6,000 cases and 27 deaths. Rotavirus was identified in 38% of case-patients tested in the city with the most flooding. Outbreak potential related to weather reinforces the need for global rotavirus vaccination.
Collapse
|