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Zhang Z, Li C, Hong J, Zhou X, Dai R, Shu Z, Han H, Ren Z. Secular trends of population-attributable fractions of obesity for hypertension among US population by sex and race/ethnicity: Analysis from NHANES 1999-2018. Prev Med Rep 2024; 41:102719. [PMID: 38623579 PMCID: PMC11017068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor of hypertension, therefore quantifying the contribution of obesity to hypertension is necessary. The current study aimed to investigate the changes in population-attributable fractions (PAFs) of hypertension associated with general obesity and abdominal obesity over the recent 2 decades among the US population, as well as important sub-populations. This report was performed based on national-level cross-sectional data for 46,535 adults aged 18 years and older and 20,745 children aged 8-17 from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. The PAFs of hypertension due to general obesity and abdominal obesity were calculated by sex, race/ethnicity, and survey year. The linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the secular trends of PAFs over the years. The prevalence of general obesity and abdominal obesity presented significantly increasing trends during the past 2 decades in the US. The PAFs of hypertension due to general obesity increased steadily from 11.9 % to 15.1 % in women with a slope of 0.38 % (95 % CI: 0.31 - 0.45 %) and from 8.4 % to 13.4 % in men with a slope of 0.46 % (95 % CI: 0.36 - 0.56 %). Similar increasing trends were also observed for the PAFs due to abdominal obesity in both women and men. Additionally, there were significantly different trends of PAFs in various races/ethnicities. Over the past 2 decades, the contributions of obesity to hypertension were gradually rising among US population, which emphasizes the importance of controlling weight to further reduce the burden of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiakang Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rongquan Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zudong Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maanshan Peopleˈs Hospital, Maˈanshan, Anhui Province, China
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Pasdar Y, Rezaeian S, Mohammadi E, Khosravi Shadmani F, Shahnazi N, Najafi F, Nazar MM, Darbandi M. The interaction between general or abdominal obesity and hypertension on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional analysis in Iranian adults from the RaNCD cohort study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:752. [PMID: 38462604 PMCID: PMC10926646 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interactions between risk factors may influence disease severity. Knowing this relationship is important for preventive interventions and disease control. The purpose of this study was to determine the interactions effects of obesity and hypertension on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The data of 9,283 adults 35 to 65 years were examined from the cohort study of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD). Waist circumference (WC) was used to identify both general and abdominal obesity based on body mass index (BMI). To assess the interaction between hypertension and obesity (general/abdominal) and the risk of T2DM, the additive interaction was calculated. RESULTS The adjusted odds ratios for T2DM were 2.38 (1.67, 3.41) in men and 4.02 (2.47, 6.47) in women for the combinations of hypertension and abdominal obesity. The adjusted odds ratios for T2DM were 2.53 (1.63, 3.82) in men and 2.66 (1.92, 3.70) in women for the combinations of hypertension and general obesity. The results of the additive interaction indicators were inconsistent with gender. The relative excess risk due to interaction (interaction between hypertension and central obesity) (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI) were0.27 (-1.01, 1.54), 0.11 (-0.41, 0.63) and 1.23 (0.41, 3.68) in male and were 0.61 (-1.12, 2.33), 0.23 (0.08, 0.37) and 1.26 (0.60, 2.61) in female, respectively. CONCLUSION General/abdominal obesity and hypertension have a synergistic effect on the risk of T2DM. The recommendation for preventing T2DM is lifestyle modification. Large longitudinal studies are necessary to investigate causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mohammadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradi Nazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Bae J, Park KY, Son S, Huh Y, Nam GE. Associations between obesity parameters and hyperuricemia by sex, age, and diabetes mellitus: A nationwide study in Korea. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:405-410. [PMID: 37739857 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations between obesity parameters and the risk of hyperuricemia among Korean adults by sex, age, and diabetes mellitus status. METHODS This study analyzed data from 17,753 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2018. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and general and abdominal obesity with the risk of hyperuricemia (serum uric acid ≥7.0 mg/dL in men and ≥6.0 mg/dL in women). RESULTS Of all the participants, 12.7% (n = 2256) had hyperuricemia. The age-adjusted mean serum uric acid levels increased significantly with increasing BMI and WC (P for trend <0.001). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of hyperuricemia increased as BMI and WC increased in both sexes (P for trend <0.001). General (OR 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69-2.32) and abdominal (OR 2.21, 95% CI: 1.89-2.58) obesity in men and general (OR 3.26, 95% CI: 2.60-4.09) and abdominal (OR 3.43, 95% CI: 2.69-4.37) obesity in women were associated with higher risks of hyperuricemia. These associations were prominent in women. The association between abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia persisted after additional adjustments for BMI in both sexes. Significant interactions were observed in younger adults and individuals without diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION Increased BMI and WC, and general and abdominal obesity, may be important risk factors for hyperuricemia in both sexes. Women, young adults, and individuals without diabetes mellitus require particular attention to prevent obesity and hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Bae
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kye-Yeung Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Serhim Son
- Department of Biostatistics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Huh
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun Nam
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhao Z, Zhen S, Yan Y, Liu N, Ding D, Kong J. Association of dietary patterns with general and central obesity among Chinese adults: a longitudinal population-based study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1588. [PMID: 37605199 PMCID: PMC10440870 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists for the association between dietary patterns and later obesity phenotypes among Chinese adults. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate associations of dietary patterns with general and central obesity in Chinese adults. METHODS Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) waves 2004 and 2015, the study was conducted on 4207 adult men and women (age range: 18-65 years). Dietary intakes were assessed by three consecutive 24-h dietary recalls, and dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Longitudinal associations of dietary patterns with general and central obesity were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The prevalence rates of general and central obesity were 14.2% and 42.1%, respectively. Factor analysis extracted three major dietary patterns: "traditional southern," "modern," and "traditional northern." After adjustment for potential confounders, adults in the highest quartile of the traditional southern dietary group were less likely to develop over 10 years general (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.39, 0.65) and central (OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.43, 0.63) obesity compared to those in the lowest quartile group. The modern dietary pattern was not significantly associated with general and central obesity. Adherence to the traditional northern dietary pattern increased the chance of both general and central obesity (OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.23, 2.10; OR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.36, 1.98) after 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides longitudinal evidence for associations between dietary patterns and later obesity phenotypes among Chinese adults. Our findings may guide the development of evidence-based preventive nutrition interventions to control the obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shihan Zhen
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yumeng Yan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Asoudeh F, Mousavi SM, Keshteli AH, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. The association of plant-based dietary pattern with general and abdominal obesity: a large cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:469-477. [PMID: 37255813 PMCID: PMC10225380 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Only a few studies have studied the association between plant-based dietary index (PDI) and the prevalence of obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between PDI and the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in a large sample of Iranian adults. Methods The current cross-sectional study was performed from 2010 to 2012 in Isfahan, Iran. This study comprised 6,724 adults between the ages of 18 and 55. We analyzed data from 6,724 participants who were classified as having general obesity and 5,203 individuals who were classified as having abdominal obesity. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We determined the PDI by assigning plant foods positive scores and animal foods negative values using the method of Satija et al. General obesity was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2, whereas abdominal obesity was classified as having a waist circumference (WC) greater than 88 cm for women and 102 cm for men. Data was examined using Chi-squared test and the analysis of variance (ANOVA and ANCOVA). Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between PDI and risk of general as well as abdominal obesity. Results The mean age of the study participants was 36.8 ± 8.08 years, and 57% of them were female. General obesity prevalence was 9.6%, while abdominal obesity was 26.8%. In all the unadjusted and multivariable adjusted models of the total population, there was no significant association between highest vs. lowest adherence to the PDI and general obesity or abdominal obesity. No significant association was found when men and women were analyzed separately as well. Conclusion In the present study, no association was observed between PDI and general and abdominal obesity in the Iranian adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Asoudeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Li X, Xu Q, Wang A, Zheng P, Zhu H, Guo A, Meng X, Jiang Y. Association of body mass index and waist-to-height ratio with outcomes in ischemic stroke: results from the Third China National Stroke Registry. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:152. [PMID: 37060000 PMCID: PMC10103413 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conflicting reports of obesity paradox have led to confusion about weight management strategies for post-stroke patients. The main purpose of this study is to determine whether the obesity paradox measured by body mass index (BMI) or by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is real. METHODS We evaluated the association of general obesity measured by BMI, and abdominal obesity measured by WHtR with 1-year all-cause mortality, recurrence of stroke and combined vascular events of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in a cohort -- the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR-III). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines were performed to investigate the association between obesity and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 14,146 patients with ischemic stroke were included. When BMI was used as a measure of obesity, compared to the normal weight patients, mortality decreased in overweight patients (hazard ratio [HR] 0.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61-0.91], P = 0.0035) and obese patients (HR 0.54 [0.40-0.73], P < 0.0001); and increased in underweight patients (HR 2.55 [1.75-3.73], P < 0.0001). After adjustment for confounding factors, the protective effect of obesity and overweight disappeared. BMI had no association with recurrence of stroke or combined vascular events. When WHtR was used as a measure of obesity, obese patients had lower 1-year all-cause mortality (HR 0.64 [0.43-0.97], P = 0.0357). After adjustment for confounding factors, this difference disappeared; overweight patients still had lower all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.42 [0.26-0.67], P = 0.0003), recurrence of stroke (aHR 0.77 [0.60-0.99], P = 0.0440) and combined vascular events (aHR 0.75 [0.58-0.95], P = 0.0198). CONCLUSIONS Among Chinese patients with AIS, our study does not support the BMI paradox; overweight patients measured by WHtR had a more favorable prognosis. TOAST subtypes did not modify the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ai Guo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease (2019RU018), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 S Fourth Ring West Rd, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease (2019RU018), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Tian X, Chen S, Wang P, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Wu S, Wang A. Insulin resistance mediates obesity-related risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:289. [PMID: 36564775 PMCID: PMC9789633 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms linking obesity to cardiovascular disease (CVD) are still not clearly defined. Individuals who are overweight or obese often develop insulin resistance, mediation of the association between obesity and CVD through the insulin resistance seems plausible and has not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extend the effect of general and central obesity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) is mediated by insulin resistance. METHODS A total of 94,136 participants without CVD at baseline were recruited from the Kailuan study. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, calculating as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Mediation analysis using a new 2-stage regression method for survival data proposed by Valeri and VanderWeele was to explore the mediating effects of the TyG index on the association between obesity and CVD. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 13.01 years, we identified 7327 cases of CVD. Mediation analyses showed that 47.81% of the total association (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.24) between overweight and CVD was mediated through the TyG index (HR [indirect association], 1.07; 95% CI, 1.07-1.09), and the proportion mediated was 37.94% for general obesity. For central obesity, analysis by waist circumference, waist/hip, and waist/height categories yielded an attenuated proportion mediated of 32.01, 35.02, and 31.06% for obesity, taken normal weight as reference. CONCLUSIONS The association between obesity and CVD was mediated by TyG index, suggesting proper control of insulin resistance can be effective to reduce the effects of obesity on CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tian
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Road, Tangshan, 063000 China
| | - Penglian Wang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070 China
| | - Qin Xu
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Luo
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, 57 Xinhua East Road, Tangshan, 063000 China
| | - Anxin Wang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Capital Medical University, No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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Fang Z, Zhu L, Zhang T, Jin Y, Chen Y, Yao Y. Sex-specific genetic association of brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) and obesity in Chinese youth. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:464-469. [PMID: 36335026 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The circadian clock gene brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) regulates energy metabolism, adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, glucose metabolism, and other functions. This study aimed to examine the association of potential polymorphisms in BMAL1 with obesity among Chinese youth. METHODS A total of 2973 participants were included in this study. According to the body mass index obesity standard of China, 208 subjects were defined as experiencing general obesity. According to the waist-to-hip ratio obesity standard, 335 participants were defined as experiencing central obesity. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs9633835, rs6486121, rs7107287, and rs12364562) were genotyped using TaqMan probe techniques. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the either genotypic or allelic frequencies between the non-general and general obesity groups, while a positive association was observed between BMAL1 rs6486121 variant and central obesity risk (CC+CT vs. TT: OR:2.139, 95% CI:1.164-3.930; P = 0.014) after adjusting for covariates. Stratification analyses revealed significant associations with central obesity risk for rs6486121 polymorphism in women according to the additive model (CC vs. CT vs. TT: OR:1.409; 95 % CI: 1.029-1.930; P = 0.032). Haplotype analysis showed that only paired haplotypes, including rs9633835G with rs6486121T, had a significant effect on central obesity with OR (95%CI) was 1.035 (1.011-1.060) and P = 0.004. CONCLUSION our findings suggest that BMAL1 polymorphisms are significantly associated with central obesity and sex-specific genetic effects on BMAL1-mediated genetic susceptibility to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmei Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China
| | - Yuelong Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China.
| | - Yingshui Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang west Road, Wuhu 241002 Anhui, China; Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.18, Wuxia Shanxi Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China.
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Yuan Y, Sun W, Kong X. Relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and the development of hypertension: a nationwide population-based study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:150. [PMID: 36229850 PMCID: PMC9559015 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), has been recognized as a transient phenotype with few cardiometabolic diseases; however, little is known regarding the development of hypertension in subjects with an absence of cardiometabolic abnormalities and general obesity evaluated by body mass index (BMI) or abdominal obesity evaluated by waist circumference (WC). METHODS A total of 4764 participants were enrolled from the China Health and Nutrition Survey and followed up from 2009 to 2015, whose fasting blood samples were collected in 2009. Obesity was classified as abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 90 cm in men and ≥ 80 cm in women) and general obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between MHO and prehypertension (120 < SBP < 140 mmHg or 80 < DBP < 90 mmHg) and hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg). The age- and sex-specific impacts were further analyzed. RESULTS There were 412 (37.9%) participants with prehypertension and 446 (41.0%) participants with hypertension and metabolically healthy abdominal obesity (MHAO). The participants with the MHAO phenotype had significantly higher risks of prehypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 1.89 (1.51-2.36), p < 0.001] and hypertension [OR = 2.58 (2.02-3.30), p < 0.001] than those metabolically healthy but without abdominal obesity. Similar associations were observed in the subjects with metabolically healthy general obesity (MHGO) phenotype, particularly those aged under 64 years. Men with the MHAO phenotype seemed to have higher risks of prehypertension [2.42 (1.52-3.86) in men vs. 1.76 (1.36-2.29) in women] and hypertension [3.80 (2.38-6.06) in men vs. 2.22 (1.64-3.00) in women] than women, when compared with those metabolically healthy but without abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION The MHO phenotype, regardless of the presence of general or abdominal obesity, showed a worse effect on the development of prehypertension and hypertension, particularly in young adults. Abdominal adiposity with a healthy metabolic state is significantly associated with incident hypertension in both men and women. These findings can guide the establishment of risk-stratified obesity treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangqing Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Ali N, Mohanto NC, Nurunnabi SM, Haque T, Islam F. Prevalence and risk factors of general and abdominal obesity and hypertension in rural and urban residents in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1707. [PMID: 36076233 PMCID: PMC9461183 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and hypertension are global health concerns. Both are linked with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Several early studies reported the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in Bangladeshi adults, but the associated factors in this country population are not clear yet. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and related risk factors of general and abdominal obesity and hypertension in rural and urban adults in Bangladesh. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data (n = 1410) was collected on rural (n = 626) and urban (n = 784) adults from eight divisional regions of Bangladesh. Both anthropometric and socio-demographic measurements were recorded in a standardized questionnaire form. General and abdominal obesity were defined based on WHO proposed cut-off values and hypertension was defined by SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or, DBP ≥ 90 mmHg and/or, intake of anti-hypertensive drugs at the time of data collection. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship of general and abdominal obesity and hypertension with various factors. Results The overall prevalence of general obesity, abdominal obesity and hypertension was 18.2, 41.9 and 30.9%, respectively. The women had a higher prevalence of general obesity (25.2%), abdominal obesity (56.1%) and hypertension (32.3%) compared to the men (12.2, 29.0, and 29.7%, respectively). The prevalence of both general and abdominal obesity was higher in urban participants (21.7 and 46.6%, respectively) than in the rural participants (13.8 and 35.1%, respectively), whereas, the rural participants had a higher prevalence of hypertension (35.1%) compared to the urban participants (27.5%). In geographical region comparison, the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and hypertension were higher in participants enrolled from Dhaka (30.8%), Khulna (63.6%) and Mymensingh (43.5%) regions, respectively compared to other regions. In regression analysis, increased age, place of residence and less physical activity were positively associated with the increased risk of both types of obesity and hypertension. The analysis also showed a significant positive association between high BMI and an increased risk of hypertension. Conclusion This study shows a high prevalence of obesity and hypertension in rural and urban adults. Increased age, inadequate physical activity and place of residence were significant determinants of general and abdominal obesity and hypertension. A comprehensive intervention program focusing on modifiable risk factors such as lifestyles and food habits is needed to increase awareness and prevent the burden of obesity and hypertension in the Bangladeshi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Nayan Chandra Mohanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Mirja Nurunnabi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Tangigul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
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Ayogu RNB, Ezeh MG, Udenta EA. Epidemiological characteristics of different patterns of obesity among adults in rural communities of south-east Nigeria: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:59. [PMID: 35761375 PMCID: PMC9235231 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a complex disease characterised by excess fat accumulation and health risks. There is paucity of data on epidemiology of obesity patterns among adults in rural Nigeria. This study aimed to provide current data on the prevalence and predictors of three patterns of obesity (abdominal obesity alone, general obesity alone and a combination of both) among adults in three rural communities of Enugu State, South-east Nigeria to enhance specific obesity prevention and control programmes/interventions. Methods This population-based cross-sectional study involved 500 adults selected through a six-stage random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-economic, dietary and lifestyle characteristics of the respondents. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured by standard procedures. Body mass index was used to assess general obesity while abdominal obesity was assessed through waist circumference. Each respondent was classified under only one of the three patterns: general obesity alone, abdominal obesity alone and combined obesity. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the predictors. Significance was set P<0.05. Results Prevalence of abdominal obesity alone was 6.0%. General obesity alone was found among 31.4% and 45.6% were affected by combined obesity. Being a female (AOR:0.35, 95% C.I.: 0.14, 0.88) and not skipping meals (AOR:0.24, 95% C.I.: 0.10, 0.55) were associated with less likelihood of abdominal obesity but ≥3 times daily meal intake increased the risk by 2.52 (AOR:2.52, 95% C.I.:1.10, 5.75). Predictors of general obesity alone were age 41-60 years (AOR:1.84, 95% C.I.:1.14, 2.97), being a female (AOR:7.65, 95% C.I.:4.77, 12.26) and having any form of formal education (AOR:2.55, 95% C.I.:1.10, 5.91). Combined obesity was less likely among 41-60 year-olds (AOR:0.36, 95% C.I.:0.23, 0.56) and females (AOR:0.21, 95% C.I.:0.13, 0.32). Never married (AOR:1.94, 95% C.I.:1.03, 3.67) and vigorous physical activities (AOR:1.81, 95% C.I.:1.08, 3.02) increased the risk of combined obesity by almost 2. Conclusions Prevalence of abdominal obesity alone, general obesity alone and combined obesity were high. They were functions of age, sex, never married, having any form of formal education, skipping meals, ≥3 daily meal intake and self-reported vigorous physical activity. Focused nutrition and health education are recommended strategies for prevention and control of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufina N B Ayogu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Mmesoma G Ezeh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth A Udenta
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Asoudeh F, Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids in relation to general and abdominal obesity. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1303-1311. [PMID: 34268715 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the huge evidence on the link between dietary protein intake and obesity, limited studies have examined the role of individual amino acids in this regard. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary total and individual BCAAs intake and odds of general and abdominal obesity in a large group of adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 8691 adults aged 18-55 years in Isfahan, Iran. Dietary BCAAs were assessed using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ). Information about weight and waist circumference was collected through a self-reported validated questionnaire. General obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 88 cm for women and ≥ 102 cm for men. RESULTS Mean age of study participants was 36.8 ± 8.1 years. Prevalence of general obesity was 9.2% in men and 9.7% in women and that of abdominal obesity was 13.3% and 36.2% in men and women, respectively. We found that participants in the top tertile of total BCAAs intake had higher odds of general obesity compared with those in the bottom tertile (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.09-1.84). Such significant association was seen in men (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.05-2.34), but not in women (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 0.94-1.89) in our stratified analysis. We found no significant association between total BCAAs intake and odds of abdominal obesity. Stratified by sex, no significant association was observed between total BCAAs intake and odds of abdominal obesity [for men: (OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.74-1.65) and for women: (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.84-1.38)]. Assessing the association with individual BCAAs, a significant positive association was observed between dietary intake of valine (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.10-1.84), leucine (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.10-1.86), and isoleucine (OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.09-1.84) with general obesity. We observed no significant association between dietary intake of individual BCAAs intake and odds of abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION Dietary BCAAs intake was associated with an increased odds of general obesity, in particular among men. No significant association was observed between dietary BCAAs and abdominal obesity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Asoudeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Askari M, Askari Z, Zarei Z, Farjam M, Homayounfar R, Mahmoudi Kohani HA. Prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and its relationship with opium, total opiate drugs, and chronic smoking: Fasa cohort study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102357. [PMID: 34920194 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity and drug use are two major global issues today. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between alcohol and tobacco use with general and central obesity. METHODS The data of the longitudinal population-based study were collected from the basis of the Fasa Cohort Study (FACS). Participants were 10141 people with 35-70 years old. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software. Binary logistic regression (BLR) was used for modelling. A significance level (α) less than 0.05% was considered for hypothesis testing. RESULTS Of the total participants (N = 10104), 54.8% (n = 5539) were women. The prevalence of central obesity in terms of waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were calculated 48.20% (N = 4871), 79.50% (N = 8032), and 83.30% (N = 8314). The Odds Ratio (OR) adjusted of Abnormal body mass index (BMI) for Opium and chronic smoking were 0.54 (CI: 0.47-0.63) and 0.47 (CI:0.40-0.56). OR adjusted Abnormal WC for opium and chronic smoking were calculated 0.65 (CI: 0.53-0.80) and 0.57 (CI:0.46-0.72), respectively. Three variables of opium (OR = 0.54, CI: 0.46-0.64), total opiate drugs (OR = 1.46, CI:1.16-1.83) and chronic smoking (OR = 0.58, CI: 0.48-0.70) remained in the modeling for Abnormal WHR. Which were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Significant and inverse relationships were found between obesity and opium, total opiate drugs, and chronic smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Askari
- Genetic and Environmental Adventures Research Center, School of Abarkouh Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Zinab Askari
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Zahra Zarei
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Amininezhad F, Payab M, Sharifi F, Ostovar A, Mehrdad N, Heshmat R, Hadizadeh A, Bagherzadeh M, Shafiee G, Shadman Z, Ziaei S, Hajipour F, Khashayar P, Nabipour I, Larijani B, Ebrahimpur M. Bone characteristics and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in an Iranian Elderly population: Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP). Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:92. [PMID: 34101034 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-021-00953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and osteoporosis are health problems with high impact on the morbidity and mortality rate. While the association between BMI and bone density is known, the combined effects of obesity and metabolic components on bone health have not yet been revealed. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between bone health and different phenotypes of obesity in an elderly population. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on the data collected in the Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP). The participants were classified in four groups based on the metabolic phenotypes of obesity (metabolic healthy obese (MHO), metabolic non-healthy non-obese (MNHNO), metabolic non-healthy obese (MNHO), and metabolic healthy non-obese (MHNO)). The association between osteoporosis and TBS and the metabolic phenotypes of obesity were assessed using multiple variable logistic regression models. RESULTS Totally, 2378 people (1227 women) were considered for analyses. The prevalence of MHNO, MHO, MNHNO, and MNHO were 902 (39.9%), 138 (6.1%), 758 (33.5%), and 464 (20.5%), respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression models, those with MHO (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.12-0.36), MNHNO (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.4-0.66), and MNHO phenotypes (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.16-0.3) had a significantly lower risk of osteoporosis. Likewise, those having MHO (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.51-3.76), MNHNO (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.11-2), and MNHO (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.82-3.42) phenotypes were found to had higher risk of low bone quality as confirmed by TBS. CONCLUSIONS The obese subjects have lower bone quality, regardless of their obesity phenotype.
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Mohammadpour S, Ghorbaninejad P, Janbozorgi N, Shab-Bidar S. Associations between adherence to MIND diet and metabolic syndrome and general and abdominal obesity: a cross-sectional study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:101. [PMID: 33292507 PMCID: PMC7673080 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of studies examining the association between Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of adherence to the MIND diet with MetS and general and abdominal obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 836 Iranian adults, 18-75 years old. A 167-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intakes of participants. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile of each participant were recorded. The guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) was used to define MetS. RESULTS Mean age of study participants was 47.7 ± 10.7 years. The prevalence of MetS was 36.1% and mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was 27.7 ± 4.69 kg/m2 and 92.0 ± 12.4 cm respectively. Those who were in the third tertile of the MIND diet score compared to the first tertile had 12% lower odds of having the MetS (ORs: 0.88; 95% CI 0.62-1.24) but the association was not significant (P = 0.77). There was a significant inverse association between the MIND diet score and odds of reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ORs: 0.59; 95% CI 0.41-0.85; P = 0.008) and general obesity (ORs: 1.190.80-1.78; 95% CI 0.80-1.78; P = 0.02) in crude model and after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSIONS We found that the MIND diet score is inversely associated with odds of reduced HDL and general obesity in Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Mohammadpour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parivash Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Janbozorgi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu S, Gao Z, Dai Y, Guo R, Wang Y, Sun Z, Xing L, Zhang X, Sun Y, Zheng L. Association of general and abdominal obesity and their changes with stroke in Chinese adults: Results from an 11.8-year follow-up study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:2001-2007. [PMID: 32807634 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity-related diseases play a significant role in the epidemiology of stroke; however, the exact effects of obesity and transitions in obesity status on stroke risk are still unclear. This study was performed to investigate the association of general and abdominal obesity and their changes with stroke in Chinese adults. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 26,815 subjects (13,684 men and 13,131 women) aged ≥35 years participated in the study. The association of general and abdominal obesity and their changes with stroke was estimated by Cox proportional hazards models. During a median follow-up period of 11.8 years, 1507 people developed an incident stroke event. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CIs) for stroke comparing the highest vs. lowest quartiles of these measurements were 1.276 (1.068-1.524) for BMI, 1.245 (1.035-1.499) for WC, 0.940 (0.786-1.125) for WHR, and 1.221 (1.019-1.464) for WHtR in men. For women, the corresponding values were 1.368 (1.089-1.718), 1.424 (1.119-1.813), 0.971 (0.765-1.232), and 1.341 (1.059-1.699), respectively. C- statistics showed no difference in the predictive value for stroke among various measures of adiposity. Compared with participants who maintained a normal BMI, the HRs for reversed general obesity was 1.272 (95% CI: 1.044-1.550) among men and 1.240 (95% CI: 0.948-1.623) among women. CONCLUSION Increasing levels of general or abdominal adiposity consistently predict increased risk of stroke, and maintenance of a normal BMI or WC may aid in stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Zihui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Rongrong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Zhaoqing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China
| | - Liying Xing
- Institute of Chronic Disease, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, 110005, PR China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, PR China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China.
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Library and Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, PR China.
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Akbarzade Z, Mohammadpour S, Djafarian K, Clark CCT, Ghorbaninejad P, Mohtashami M, Shab-Bidar S. Breakfast-Based Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Tehranian Adults. J Obes Metab Syndr 2020; 29:222-232. [PMID: 32930101 PMCID: PMC7539348 DOI: 10.7570/jomes20042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast is an important meal of the day that contributes to an overall healthy dietary pattern, better nutrient intake, and diet quality. This study sought to investigate the relationship between breakfast patterns and general and central obesity among middle-aged adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 840 apparently healthy women and men, aged 20-59 years, we assessed usual dietary intake by means of three 24-hour dietary recalls and we took anthropometric measurements. Dietary patterns were subsequently identified by factor analysis. To assess the association between breakfast composition and central and general obesity, logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS We identified three major dietary patterns by factor analysis: the "bread and grains, meat products, and coffee" dietary pattern, the "sweets, tea and coffee" dietary pattern, and the "fruits, vegetables, and eggs" dietary pattern. Those people in the third tertile of the "sweets, tea and coffee" dietary category had a greater chance of having central obesity (odds ratio, 1.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.59; P=0.001). Moreover, higher adherence to the "bread and grains, meat products, and coffee" pattern increased the chance of central obesity (odds ratio, 1.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-1.97; P=0.03). CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that specific breakfast dietary patterns are associated with increased odds of central obesity in Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Akbarzade
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mohammadpour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Parivash Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohtashami
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mousavizadeh Z, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Javadi A, Daneshpour MS, Akbarzadeh M, Javadi M, Mirmrian P, Azizi F. The interaction between dietary patterns and melanocortin-4 receptor polymorphisms in relation to obesity phenotypes. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:249-256. [PMID: 32446744 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data shows that interactions between dietary factors and genetic variants can modulate the association of polymorphisms such as the Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene with obesity. Considering the limited data available on this topic we aimed to investigate interactions between dietary patterns (DPs) and MC4R polymorphisms in relation to obesity phenotypes. METHODS This cohort study was performed in the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study; for eligible participants in this study (n=3850), the median follow-up was 4 years. DPs were determined using factor analysis. The genotypes of polymorphisms (17782313rs and 12970134rs) were identified and their interaction with DPs were assessed in relation to incidence of obesity phenotypes including central obesity, general obesity and visceral adiposity dysfunction. RESULTS The mean age of participants (62.5% females) were 37.0±13.7 years. Two main DPs (healthy and unhealthy) were extracted. C-allele carriers of rs17782313 in higher quartiles of the healthy DP score had a significant decrease in the incidence of general obesity, compared to those who had the TT genotype (HR=0.61, 95% CI=0.42-0.89, P interaction=0.01). For rs12970134 A-allele carriers, subjects in the second compared to the first quartile of the healthy DP score, had a significant decrease in the incidence of general obesity (HR=0.68, 95% CI=0.46-0.99). There were no significant interaction between DPs and MC4R variants in relation to other obesity phenotypes. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the healthy DP could interact with rs17782313 in relation to incidence of general obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mousavizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Javadi
- Department of Social Sciences, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akbarzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmrian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Salari-Moghaddam A, Aslani N, Saneei P, Keshteli AH, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Water intake and intra-meal fluid consumption in relation to general and abdominal obesity of Iranian adults. Nutr J 2020; 19:39. [PMID: 32359371 PMCID: PMC7196236 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between whole-day water intake and intra-meal fluid consumption and odds of general and abdominal obesity among adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 7958 adults in Isfahan, Iran. Daily water consumption was assessed through the use of a pre-tested questionnaire by asking questions about the average number of glasses of water consumed in a day. Intra-meal fluid consumption was also analysed. Data regarding height, weight and waist circumference were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference >88 cm for women and >102 cm for men. RESULTS After taking potential confounders into account, individuals who were taking more than eight glasses of water in a day had 78% greater odds of general obesity (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.08-2.94) compared with those who were taking less than two glasses of water. Individuals with much water intake had no significant greater odds of abdominal obesity. Compared with those who were consuming less than a glass of intra-meal fluids, subjects with 1-2 glasses of fluids between meals had 34% greater odds of general obesity (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04-1.59). Although subjects with greater intra-meal fluid intake had greater odds of abdominal obesity in crude model, this association became non-significant after adjustment for potential confounders (comparing > 4 glasses vs. ≤1 glass: OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 0.81-3.34). CONCLUSIONS We observed that taking more than eight glasses of water in a day and consuming 1-2 glasses of fluids between meals was associated with greater odds of general obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Aslani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Aminianfar A, Hassanzadeh Keshteli A, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Association between adherence to MIND diet and general and abdominal obesity: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2020; 19:15. [PMID: 32066452 PMCID: PMC7026971 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a new eating pattern called as "Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND)" has been coined. Emerging studies are examining this dietary pattern with chronic conditions. We aimed to investigate the association between the MIND diet score and general and central obesity among adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a framework of the Study on the Epidemiology of Psychological Alimentary Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN). Dietary information was collected using a validated self-administered 106-item Willett-format dish-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ) in 6724 adults. Adherence to the MIND diet was examined based on components suggested in this eating pattern. Anthropometrics data were collected using a validated self-reported questionnaire. General obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity as waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women. RESULTS Mean age, BMI and WC in the study population was 36.8 ± 8.08 y, 24.9 ± 3.8 kg/m2 and 83.7 ± 16.02 cm, respectively. Overall, 9.5% of subjects were generally obese and 24.4 were abdominally obese. Examining the whole study population, we found no significant association between the MIND diet score and odds of general obesity, either before (ORs for comparing T3 vs. T1: 1.03; 95% CI: 0.83, 1.27; P-trend = 0.74) or after controlling for potential confounders (ORs for T3 vs. T1: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.25; P-trend = 0.58). This was also the case for men and women when analyzed separately. We also failed to find any significant association between the MIND diet score and odds of abdominal obesity after controlling for potential confounders in the whole study population (ORs for T3 vs. T1: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.79, 1.27; P-trend = 0.87). However, women with the greatest adherence to the MIND diet were 19% less likely to be abdominally obese than those with the lowest adherence in crude model (OR = 0.81; 95% CIs: 0.67, 0.98; P-trend = 0.03). This association disappeared after controlling for potential confounders (OR = 0.87; 95% CIs: 0.66, 1.14; P-trend = 0.55). CONCLUSION No significant association was observed between adherence to the MIND diet and odds of general and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Aminianfar
- Students' scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chen Y, Peng Q, Yang Y, Zheng S, Wang Y, Lu W. The prevalence and increasing trends of overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults: a repeated cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1293. [PMID: 31615464 PMCID: PMC6794823 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of general and abdominal obesity has increased rapidly in China. The aims of this study were to estimate the dynamic prevalence of overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity and the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) among Chinese adults. METHODS Data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). According to the suggestions of the WHO for Chinese populations, overweight was defined as a 23 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 27.5 kg/m2 and general obesity as a BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC ≥ 90 cm for males and ≥ 80 cm for females. Grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 obesity were defined as 27.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 32.5 kg/m2, 32.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 37.5 kg/m2, and BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2, respectively. Generalized estimation equations were used to estimate the prevalence and trends of overweight, general and abdominal obesity. RESULTS This study included 12,543 participant. From 1989 to 2011, the median BMI of males and females increased by 2.65 kg/m2 and 1.90 kg/m2, respectively; and WC increased by 8.50 cm and 7.00 cm, respectively. In 2011, the age-adjusted prevalence of overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity were 38.80% (95% CI: 37.95-39.65%), 13.99% (95% CI: 13.38-14.59%), and 43.15% (95% CI: 42.28-44.01%), respectively, and significantly increased across all cycles of the survey among all subgroups (all P < 0.0001). The age-adjusted prevalence of grade 1-3 obesity significantly increased in total sample and sex subgroups (all P < 0.0001). For all indicators, there were significant increases in annual ORs among all subgroups (all P < 0.0001), with the exception of grade 2 obesity. Significant differences were observed in ORs across the three age groups in males. And ORs significantly decreased with age. CONCLUSIONS The age-adjusted prevalence of overweight, general obesity, and abdominal obesity significantly increased among Chinese adults from 1989 to 2011. The obesity population is trending toward an increased proportion of males and younger individuals in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Senshuang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin, China
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Mirmiran P, Hadavi H, Mottaghi A, Azizi F. Advanced glycation end products and risk of general and abdominal obesity in Iranian adults: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:21. [PMID: 31380311 PMCID: PMC6662547 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of macromolecules that are formed by the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A number of food preparation methods can increase AGEs content. The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between dietary consumption of AGEs and the risk of obesity and central obesity.
Methods: This study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) on 4245 subjects who participated in its fifth phase (2011 to 2014). Dietary data were collected using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants’ characteristics, anthropometric measures, and blood samples were also obtained by trained staff. Multivariable linear regression and Logistic regression was conducted using SPSS (Version 20; Chicago, IL), and P values < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: Our results show that abdominal obesity was increased with higher intakes of dietary AGEs, an association, which remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders (OR=1.56 and 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.84). The relationship between abdominal obesity and dietary AGEs (dAGEs) intake was found to be independent of energy and macronutrient intake. We also found a relationship between consumption of dAGEs and a few anthropometric measurements, such that a significant positive correlation was observed between BMI, WC, BAI and higher quartiles of dAGEs intake, with the correlation being stronger for BAI (β= 0.24 (0.10-0.39)).
Conclusion: Our study emphasizes that higher intake of dAGEs does increase the chance of abdominal obesity, and dAGEs might be a link between modern diets and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Hadavi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute of Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mottaghi
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xu X, Zhou M, Gao RQ, Guo Y, Tian XC, Bian Z, Tan YL, Pei P, Yu CQ, Wang SJ, Chen ZM, Li LM. [Study on correlation between alcohol consumption and obesity in adults in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:759-764. [PMID: 31357794 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the correlation between alcohol consumption and obesity in adults in China. Methods: The information about alcohol consumption were collected at the baseline survey of the China Kadoorie Biobank. The general obesity and central obesity were defined by BMI and waist circumference (WC) respectively. Logistic regression model was employed to examine the relationship of drinking behavior with general obesity and central obesity. Results: A total of 249 873 adults were included. A J-shaped relationship was observed between alcohol consumption and obesity measurement index (BMI and WC) in men. Compared with non-drinkers, the proportion of general obesity and central obesity were lower in light drinkers (men: OR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.59-0.71 and OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.88-0.98; women: OR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.65-0.91 and OR=0.89, 95%CI: 0.80-0.99). In men, the proportion of general obesity and central obesity was highest in heavy drinkers (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.12-1.32; OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.27-1.40). BMI and WC were higher in those with a drinking frequency of 3-5 d/week, with largest of proportion of central obesity (men: OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.16-1.31; women: OR=1.13, 95%CI: 0.99-1.28). The risk for central obesity in men who began drinking every week before 20 years old was 1.24 times higher than non-drinkers (95%CI: 1.16-1.33). Those who drank beer had lower proportion of general obesity (men: OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.67-0.82; women: OR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.43-0.68). Conclusion: The proportion of obesity was lower in light drinkers but higher in heavy drinkers; and the earlier drinking started, the higher the risk for obesity was.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Department of China Kadoorie Biobank, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China
| | - M Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - R Q Gao
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Preventive Medicine Institute, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of China Kadoorie Biobank, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China
| | - X C Tian
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Preventive Medicine Institute, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Z Bian
- Department of China Kadoorie Biobank, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Y L Tan
- Department of China Kadoorie Biobank, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China
| | - P Pei
- Department of China Kadoorie Biobank, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102308, China
| | - C Q Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S J Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China; Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Preventive Medicine Institute, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Z M Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - L M Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Shen C, Zhou Z, Lai S, Tao X, Zhao D, Dong W, Li D, Lan X, Gao J. Urban-rural-specific trend in prevalence of general and central obesity, and association with hypertension in Chinese adults, aged 18-65 years. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:661. [PMID: 31146734 PMCID: PMC6543650 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has the largest obese population in the world, and the prevalence of central obesity is increasing dramatically in China. Moreover, the rapid economic growth of China in recent decades has led to rapid urbanization in rural China. However, studies comparing the prevalence trends of different types of obesity and the association of obesity with hypertension between urban and rural areas in China are very scarce, and most studies have focused only on the difference in the prevalence of overweight and general obesity or hypertension among rural and urban populations. Therefore, the focus of this study was to examine the shifts in the overall distribution of the prevalence of different types of obesity and to estimate the risk of hypertension in different types of obesity among urban and rural adults aged 18-65 years. METHODS Seven iterations of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), conducted in 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011, were used in this study. A total of 53,636 participants aged 18-65 years were included. Obesity was classified into three types based on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). A log-binomial model was constructed to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR) of hypertension with three types of obesity. RESULTS The age-standardized prevalence of central obesity only, general obesity only, and both central and general obesity increased from 15.8, 0.2 and 2.9% in 1993 to 30.3, 0.9 and 10.3% in 2011, respectively. The prevalence of central obesity only (urban vs. rural: 20.8% vs. 13.4% in 1993, 29.6% vs. 30.6% in 2011) and both central and general obesity (urban vs. rural: 3.5% vs. 2.5% in 1993, 10.0% vs. 10.6% in 2011) in rural adults exceeded that in urban adults in 2011. Participants with both central and general obesity had the highest risk for incident hypertension compared with those with normal body measurements (adjusted PR, urban: 2.30 (95% CI, 2.01-2.63), rural: 2.50 (95% CI, 2.25-2.77)). CONCLUSIONS Both WC and BMI should be considered measures of obesity and targeted in hypertension prevention. More attention should be paid to the incidence of central obesity in adults in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shen
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhongliang Zhou
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Sha Lai
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Xingxing Tao
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Dantong Zhao
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Wanyue Dong
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Xin Lan
- Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Jianmin Gao
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
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Alzeidan R, Fayed A, Hersi AS, Elmorshedy H. Performance of neck circumference to predict obesity and metabolic syndrome among adult Saudis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Obes 2019; 6:13. [PMID: 30984406 PMCID: PMC6442431 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-019-0235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck circumference (NC) is a novel simple and stable body measurement, a growing body of evidence indicates its validity to diagnose obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Because the cutoff value of NC is gender and ethnic-specific; we conducted the current study to explore the performance of NC to predict general obesity, central obesity, and MetS among adult Saudis of both genders. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study which included 3063 adult Saudis (1156 males and 1907 females) with a mean age of 38.6 ± 14.1 years. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were assessed by a standardized methodology. Blood tests including fasting lipid panel, blood glucose, fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) were measured for all participants. We identified the MetS based on Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII definition). Data were analyzed using SPSS®19 (PASW statistics data document 19); NC was compared to relevant anthropometric measures to predict obesity and MetS using Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analyses. The cutoff value of NC which possessed good discriminating power between obese and non-obese patients was estimated by Youden index, and we estimated the adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) to delineate the association between NC and the outcome variables by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS ROC analyses demonstrated good performance of NC for general obesity, central obesity and MetS; as a predictor of obesity in non-diabetics, Area Under the Curve (AUC) ranged from 0.77-0.86. In MetS, AUC was 0.77 and 0.82 for males and females respectively. The best cutoff values of the NC to predict obesity were ≥ 37.5 cm for males versus ≥32.5 cm for females. The results of adjusted logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and waist height ratio, revealed a consistent positive association between NC, general obesity, MetS, and central obesity: ORs were 4.26, 3.03, 1.45 for males versus 4.65, 3.66, and1.47 for females respectively. CONCLUSION NC stands out as an independent predictor of obesity and the MetS. Its stability, easiness of application, low cost and the cultural acceptance, justify its use as a screening tool for general and central obesity as well as MetS among Saudis under community settings, and as an additional routine measurement for health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmieh Alzeidan
- Cardiac Sciences Department Riyadh, King Saud University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel Fayed
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Hersi
- Cardiac Sciences Department Riyadh, King Saud University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Elmorshedy
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Kumari S, Sharma N, Mishra J, Saraswathy KN, Sagar SK, Mondal PR. General obesity and Cardiovascular diseases among Gaur Brahmin population of NCR/Delhi. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1335-1339. [PMID: 31336488 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among human beings. The presence of endemic Cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors differ from population to population. The Cardiovascular diseases associated risk factors are sub-categorised into two forms, one is traditional and the other is non-traditional risk factors. The present study shows the prevalence of both risk factors and its association with Cardiovascular diseases, especially with reference to general obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study includes a total of 506 Gaur Brahmins residing in Delhi and National Capital Region India. Household survey was conducted and data were collected by using pre-tested interview schedule. Somatometric measurements were taken following the international standard techniques. Approx 5 ml blood was collected from each individual unrelated up to the first cousion. The serum was used to analyse the lipid profiles and fasting glucose level. All necessary statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and MS Excel. The ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The mean value of Somatometric variables such as Body Mass Index, Waist circumference and Waist-hip ratio and physiological variables DBP and SBP (diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure) were found to be higher than their respective ranges in the studied population. General obesity, though found to be less common in this population as compared to abdominal obesity, but it is found to be contributing to dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Kumari
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - K N Saraswathy
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S K Sagar
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - P R Mondal
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Salari-Moghaddam A, Keshteli AH, Haghighatdoost F, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Dietary glycemic index and glycemic load in relation to general obesity and central adiposity among adults. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:2936-2942. [PMID: 30660436 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although the association between dietary Glycemic Index (GI), Glycemic Load (GL) and general/abdominal obesity has extensively been examined, limited data are available in this regard in developing countries. The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary GI and GL with general and abdominal obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Isfahan, Iran. Dietary GI and GL were assessed using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ). Data regarding height, weight and waist circumference were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Overweight or obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥80 cm for women and ≥94 cm for men. RESULTS There was no significant association between dietary GI and GL and general obesity. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest quintile of dietary GI had a higher chance for abdominal obesity (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.01-1.64), compared with those in the lowest quintile. No significant association was observed between dietary GL and abdominal obesity. After adjustment for potential confounders, women in the top quintile of dietary GI had higher chance for abdominal obesity compared with those in the bottom quintile (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02-2.15). No significant association was found between dietary GI and abdominal obesity among men. We failed to find any significant association between dietary GI and general obesity in either gender [Comparing top vs. bottom quintiles, for men: OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.74-1.29 and for women: OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.75-1.40]. No significant association was found between dietary GL and general [for men: OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.85-1.49 and for women: OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.76-1.35], as well as abdominal obesity [for men: OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.88-1.67 and for women: OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.88-1.77]. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant positive association between dietary GI and abdominal obesity. When we conducted analyses stratified by gender, we also observed such association in women, but not in men. No other significant associations were observed between dietary GI and GL with general or abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Peyman Adibi
- Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ejtahed HS, Qorbani M, Motlagh ME, Angoorani P, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Ziaodini H, Taheri M, Ahadi Z, Beshtar S, Aminaee T, Heshmat R, Kelishadi R. Association of anthropometric indices with continuous metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study. Eat Weight Disord 2018; 23:597-604. [PMID: 29094277 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-017-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association of anthropometric indices with continuous metabolic syndrome (cMetS) among Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS This multicentric study was conducted on 14138 students aged 7-18 years, who participated in a national surveillance program. Fasting blood sample was obtained from a subsample of 3843 randomly selected students. Physical examination including the measurement of anthropometric indices and blood pressure was conducted; fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured; and cMetS score was computed. Standardized residuals (z-scores) were calculated for MetS components. A higher cMetS score indicates a less favorable metabolic profile. Linear regression models were applied to determine the association between cMetS and anthropometric indices. RESULTS The study participants consisted of 3843 children and adolescents (52.3% boys) with mean (SD) age of 12.45 ± 3.04 years. All anthropometric indices had positive correlation with standardized scores of mean arterial pressure, waist circumference and cMetS (P < 0.05). Standardized scores of triglycerides were positively correlated with weight and body mass index (P < 0.05). In multivariate model, general and abdominal obesity, as well as high circumferences of neck, wrist, and hip circumferences increased the standardized cMetS risk score to 1.8, 1.9, 1.6, 1.5 and 1.5, respectively (P < 0.05 for all variables). CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that higher anthropometric indices are associated with higher cMetS risk score in children and adolescents. This information could be valuable for screening and prevention of MetS at population level. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, cross-sectional descriptive study (National surveillance study).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and depression are both highly prevalent public health disorders and evidence on their relationship is inconsistent. This study examined whether depressive symptoms are associated with current obesity, and further, whether obesity in turn is associated with an increased odds of depressive symptoms five years later after accounting for potential lifestyle confounders and depressive symptoms at baseline. METHODS Data were obtained from the 1958 British birth cohort (N = 9217 for cross-sectional and 7340 for prospective analysis). Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised and Mental Health Inventory-5 were used for screening depressive symptoms at ages 45 and 50 years, respectively. General and central obesity were defined using measurements of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) at 45 years, respectively. RESULTS There was a cross-sectional association between depressive symptoms and obesity: participants with ≥2 depressive symptoms had 31% (95%CI 11% to 55%) higher odds of general and 26% higher odds of central obesity (95%CI 8% to 47%). In prospective analyses, both general and central obesity were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms five years later among women but not in men (Pinteraction < 0.01). After adjustment for depressive symptoms at baseline, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, women with general obesity had 38% (95% CI 7% to 77%) and women with central obesity 34% (95%CI 9% to 65%) higher odds of depression compared to others. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms are associated with concurrent obesity and related lifestyle factors among women and men in mid-life. Our study suggests that obesity in turn affects long-term risk of depressive symptoms in women but not in men, independently of concurrent associations, providing an important target group for the implementation of preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Mulugeta
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Ang Zhou
- 0000 0000 8994 5086grid.1026.5Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001 Australia
| | - Christine Power
- 0000000121901201grid.83440.3bPopulation, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- 0000 0000 8994 5086grid.1026.5Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia Cancer Research Institute, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001 Australia ,0000000121901201grid.83440.3bPopulation, Policy and Practice, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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Yang K, Li Y, Mao Z, Liu X, Zhang H, Liu R, Xue Y, Tu R, Liu X, Zhang X, Li W, Wang C. Relationship between spicy flavor, spicy food intake frequency, and general obesity in a rural adult Chinese population: The RuralDiab study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:252-261. [PMID: 29289573 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this study was to explore the association between spicy flavor, spicy food frequency, and general obesity in Chinese rural adults. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 15,683 subjects (5907 males, 9776 females) aged 35-74 years from the RuralDiab Study were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Analysis of covariance was used to determine the differences of participant characteristics across body mass index (BMI) categories. Logistic regression yielded adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity associated with the level of spicy flavor and frequency of spicy food intake. A meta-analysis was conducted to validate the result of the cross-sectional study. The crude and standardized prevalence of obesity were 16.78% and 17.57%, respectively. Compared with No spicy flavor, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of Mild, Middle, and Heavy spicy flavor for obesity were 1.232 (1.117-1.359), 1.463 (1.290-1.659), and 1.591 (1.293-1.958), respectively (Ptrend < 0.001). Similarly, compared with no spicy food consumption, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of 1 or 2 days/week, 3-5 days/week, and 6 or 7 days/week were 1.097 (0.735-1.639), 1.294 (0.932-1.796), and 1.250 (1.025-1.525), respectively (Ptrend = 0.026). The point estimate and 95% CI of mean BMI difference between the spicy food consuming group and spicy food non-consuming group was 0.37 (95% CI: 0.30-0.44) in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION The data indicated that spicy flavor and spicy food frequency were positively associated with general obesity in Chinese rural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Z Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - R Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Y Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - R Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - W Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Anari R, Amani R, Veissi M. Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption is associated with abdominal obesity risk in diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11 Suppl 2:S675-S678. [PMID: 28487104 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are any beverages containing added-sugar and supposed to increase body lipogenesis and fat accumulation in healthy subjects. This study was performed to assess the possible association between SSBs consumption and obesity in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. METHODS T2DM adults with no insulin treatment entered the study. Abdominal obesity and general adiposity were determined using waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI), respectively. SSBs intake was extracted from a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Mean SSBs intake was 0.6 serving/d (145.6mL/d). There was no considerable association between SSBs intake and gender. About 46% of patients consumed at least one serving of SSBs per week. SSBs consumption was correlated neither to WC nor to BMI. After adjustment for confounding factors, abdominal obesity was associated with drinking SSBs ≥1 serving/week (OR=4.93, 95% CI: 1.35-18.03), and SSB ≥3 serving/week (OR=5.07, 95% CI: 1.22-21.15) compared to those consumed <1 serving/week. This association was not found for general obesity (OR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.60-1.23). Ex-smokers had higher SSBs intake compared to those never smoked (OR=3.94, 95% CI=1.06-14.71). Energy intake and macronutrients were similar in both SSBs sub-groups. Mean daily energy supplied by SSBs was 120kcal in participants having ≥1 serving of SSBs/week and 2.7kcal in <1 serving SSBs/week (OR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20). Lower SSBs drinkers had 17% higher fiber intake (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.73-0.96). CONCLUSION SSBs intake might increase abdominal obesity in diabetic population and therefore should be considered in diabetes control procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Anari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Autonomous Campus (Arvand International Unit), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Reza Amani
- Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Health Research Institute, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Veissi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Health Research Institute, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Jafari F, Ehsani S, Nadjarzadeh A, Esmaillzadeh A, Noori-Shadkam M, Salehi-Abargouei A. Household food insecurity is associated with abdominal but not general obesity among Iranian children. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:350. [PMID: 28431549 PMCID: PMC5399801 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is increasing all over the world. Food insecurity is mentioned as a possible risk factor; however, previous studies have led to inconsistent results in different societies while data are lacking for the Middle East. We aimed to investigate the relationship between food insecurity and general or abdominal obesity in Iranian children in a cross-sectional study. METHODS Anthropometric data including height, weight, and waist circumference were measured by trained nutritionists. General and abdominal obesity were defined based on world health organization (WHO) and Iranian reference curves for age and gender, respectively. Radimer/Cornell food security questionnaire was filled by parents. Data about the physical activity of participants, family socio-economic status, parental obesity and data about perinatal period were also gathered using self-administered questionnaires. Logistic regression was incorporated to investigate the association between food insecurity and obesity in crude and multi-variable adjusted models. RESULTS A total of 587 children aged 9.30 ± 1.49 years had complete data for analysis. Food insecurity at household level was significantly associated with abdominal obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; confidence interval (CI):1.01-2.34, p <0.05) and the relationship remained significant after adjusting for all potential confounding variables (OR = 2.02; CI:1.01-4.03, p <0.05). Food insecurity was associated with general obesity neither in crude analysis and multi-variable adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The slight levels of food insecurity might increase the likelihood of abdominal obesity in Iranian children and macroeconomic policies to improve the food security are necessary. Large-scale prospective studies, particularly in the Middle East, are highly recommended to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Jafari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Simin Ehsani
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Noori-Shadkam
- Department of Pediatrics, Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, PO Code 8915173160, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Anari R, Amani R, Latifi SM, Veissi M, Shahbazian H. Association of obesity with hypertension and dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2017; 11:37-41. [PMID: 27477531 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Obesity and diabetes are contributed to cardiovascular disease risk. The current study was performed to evaluate the association of central and general obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors, including dyslipidemia and hypertension in T2DM patients. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in T2DM adults. Body mass index (BMI) was used to identify general obesity and waist circumference (WC) was measured to define abdominal obesity (based on ATP III). Biochemical analyses, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were done for all participants. RESULTS Participants with central obesity showed significantly higher systolic (132.5mmHg vs. 125.4mmHg, p=0.024) and diastolic blood pressures (84.9mmHg vs. 80mmHg, p=0.007) than participants without obesity. Dyslipidemia was more prevalent in all participants either by BMI (98.3% vs. 97%, 95% CI: 0.18-17.53) or by WC (97.2% vs. 98%, 95% CI: 0.07-7.19). Abdominal adiposity in diabetic subjects showed significant reverse association with high level of physical activity (OR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.85). Hypertriglyceridemia rate was increased with both central (OR=2.11; p=0.040) and general obesity (OR=2.68; p=0.021). After adjustment for energy intake and age, females had higher risk of general (OR=4.57, 95% CI=1.88-11.11) and central obesity (OR=7.93, 95% CI=3.48-18.08). CONCLUSIONS Females were more susceptible to obesity. Hypertension was associated with both obesity measures. Dyslipidemia, except for hypertriglyceridemia, was correlated to neither abdominal nor general obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Anari
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Arvand International Division, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Reza Amani
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Veissi
- Health Research Institute, Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Department of Nutrition, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hajieh Shahbazian
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Li W, Wang Y, Shen L, Song L, Li H, Liu B, Yuan J, Wang Y. Association between parity and obesity patterns in a middle-aged and older Chinese population: a cross-sectional analysis in the Tongji-Dongfeng cohort study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:72. [PMID: 27795732 PMCID: PMC5081958 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0133-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Higher parity has been implicated as a risk factor for obesity of women. The objective of the study was to examine whether parity was associated with general obesity or abdominal obesity, or both, among middle-aged and older Chinese women. Methods A total of 12,829 Chinese women (mean age: 64.8 years) with at least one live birth were selected from the Dongfeng–Tongji Cohort Study (phase II). We used body mass index to assess general obesity, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC) to assess abdominal obesity. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression models to investigate the association between parity and obesity. Results The values of all four obesity measures increased with the greater number of live births (P for trend <0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, women with four or more children had 1.72 times (95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.41–2.10) higher risk of general obesity, and 1.93 (95 % CI, 1.57–2.37), 2.09 (95 % CI, 1.65–3.64) and 1.58 (95 % CI, 1.28–1.94) times risk of abdominal obesity assessed by WHR, WHtR and WC, respectively. Furthermore, we observed an ascending gradient between parity and the three abdominal obesity measures. Conclusions Parity was positively associated with risk of obesity, especially abdominal obesity, in the long term among Chinese women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0133-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wending Li
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Lijun Shen
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, 430030 China ; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China ; Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Mogre V, Nyaba R, Aleyira S, Sam NB. Demographic, dietary and physical activity predictors of general and abdominal obesity among university students: a cross-sectional study. Springerplus 2015; 4:226. [PMID: 26140255 PMCID: PMC4480231 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-0999-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a disease of global public health concern in both developing and developed countries. We investigated the influence of socio-demographic, dietary habits and physical activity levels on general and abdominal obesity among a sample of university students in Ghana. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out among a sample of 552 students attending the University for Development Studies, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale, Ghana. Demographic characteristics were assessed using questionnaire. Dietary habits were measured by means of food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were done using appropriate methods. Physical activity levels were measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) global physical activity questionnaire. Spearman's nonparametric correlation coefficient and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the determinants of general and abdominal obesity. RESULTS The prevalence of general overweight/obesity (25.8 % vs. 5.9 %) and abdominal obesity (40.9 % vs. 0.8 %) was higher in female students than in male students. General overweight/obesity was less likely in students who engaged in vigorous physical activity (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.3, 95 % CI = 0.1 - 0.7, p = 0.004), but more likely in students who consumed fruits and vegetables > 3 days per week (AOR = 2.6, 95 % CI = 1.2 - 5.4, p = 0.015). Abdominal obesity was also less likely in male students (AOR = 0.0, 95 % CI = 0.0 - 0.5, p = 0.017) but more likely in students who consumed roots and tubers > 3 times per week (AOR = 8.0, 95 % CI = 2.2 - 10.1, p = 0.017) and in those who consumed alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages > 3 times per week (AOR = 8.2, 95 % CI = 2.2 - 31.1, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Demographic factors, dietary habits and physical activity levels were found to be associated to general overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. General overweight/obesity was associated to the consumption of fruits and vegetables > 3 times a week. The consumption of roots and tubers > 3 times per week and alcoholic and non-alcohol beverages > 3 times a week was associated to abdominal obesity. Engagement in vigorous physical activity and being male were negatively associated to general overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity respectively. Promotion of active lifestyles in young adults should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mogre
- />Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Rauf Nyaba
- />Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Samuel Aleyira
- />Department of Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Napoleon B. Sam
- />Academic Affairs Unit, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box 1350, Tamale, Ghana
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Pang Q, Zhang JY, Song SD, Qu K, Xu XS, Liu SS, Liu C. Central obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk after adjusting for body mass index. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:1650-1662. [PMID: 25663786 PMCID: PMC4316109 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i5.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether central obesity is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) formation after adjusting for general obesity.
METHODS: The online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science were searched for studies estimating the influence of central obesity on NAFLD occurrence published through April 2014. Studies that did not adjust for body mass index (BMI) were excluded. In addition, the independent effect of BMI was also assessed with the included studies. The pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models based on the degree of heterogeneity. Furthermore, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were performed.
RESULTS: Twenty eligible studies were identified. The summary odds ratio (OR) values per-unit increase in waist circumference (WC) and BMI for NAFLD formation were 1.07 (95%CI: 1.03-1.10, I2 = 73.9%, n = 11 studies) and 1.25 (95%CI: 1.13-1.38, I2 = 88.7%, n = 11 studies), respectively. When the indices were expressed as binary variables (with the non-obesity group as reference), the pooled OR in WC, waist-to-hip ratio, and BMI were 2.34 (95%CI: 1.83-3.00, I2 = 41.8%, n = 7 studies), 4.06 (95%CI: 1.53-10.79, I2 = 65.7%, n = 3 studies), and 2.85 (95%CI: 1.60-5.08, I2 = 57.8%, n = 5 studies), respectively. Using the same studies as the latter (n = 5), pooled OR in WC was 3.14 (95%CI: 2.07-4.77), which is greater than that in BMI.
CONCLUSION: Central obesity may pose a greater threat to national health than general obesity, although both are independently associated with increased risk of NAFLD.
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Zhang YX, Cheng Y, Xu JH, Xie L. Blood pressure of general and abdominal obese children and adolescents in Shandong, China. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172:e461-2. [PMID: 24485601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-xiu Zhang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Shandong blood center, Shandong, China
| | | | - Li Xie
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China
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