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Yang Y, Li C, Gu X, Zhen J, Zhu S, Lv T, Wan Q, Liu Y. ING2 Controls Mitochondrial Respiration via Modulating MRPL12 Ubiquitination in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:700195. [PMID: 34434929 PMCID: PMC8380824 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.700195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial injury of tubular epithelial cells (TECs) is the key pathogenic event underlying various kidney diseases and a potential intervening target as well. Our previous study demonstrated that ING2 is ubiquitously expressed at tubulointerstitial area within kidneys, while its role in regulating TEC mitochondrial respiration is not fully elucidated. To clarify the roles of ING2 in mitochondrial homeostasis of TECs and pathogenesis of acute ischemic kidney injury, Western blot, PCR, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and oxygen consumption rate assay were applied to address the roles of ING2 in modulating mitochondrial respiration. We further complemented these studies with acute ischemic kidney injury both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study demonstrated ING2 could positively control TEC mitochondrial respiration. Concurrently, both mRNA and protein levels of mtDNA encoded respiratory chain components were altered by ING2, suggesting ING2 could regulate mtDNA transcription. In mechanism, ING2 could regulate the ubiquitination of a newly identified mitochondrial transcription factor MRPL12, thereby modulating its cellular stability and abundance. We also demonstrated ING2-mediated modulation on mtDNA transcription and mitochondrial respiration are involved in serum deprivation induced TEC injuries. Finally, immunohistochemistry study revealed that ING2 expression was significantly altered in kidney biopsies with acute ischemic kidney injury. In vivo study suggested that kidney specific ING2 overexpression could effectively ameliorate acute ischemic kidney injury. Our study demonstrated that ING2 is a crucial modulator of TEC mitochondrial respiration. These findings suggested a unrecognized role of ING2 in TEC mitochondrial energetic homeostasis and a potential intervening target for TEC mitochondrial injury associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chensheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Gu
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Department of Pathology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Suwei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, China
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Bartsch S, Mirzakhani K, Neubert L, Stenzel A, Ehsani M, Esmaeili M, Pungsrinont T, Kacal M, Rasa SMM, Kallenbach J, Damodaran D, Ribaudo F, Grimm MO, Neri F, Baniahmad A. Antithetic hTERT Regulation by Androgens in Prostate Cancer Cells: hTERT Inhibition Is Mediated by the ING1 and ING2 Tumor Suppressors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4025. [PMID: 34439179 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The expression of the catalytic subunit of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase subunit (hTERT) is hormonally controlled. Androgen treatment suppresses the hTERT expression at a transcriptional level in prostate cancer cells. Here, we identified the responsive promoter element that mediates the androgen receptor induced transrepression of hTERT. The negative androgen response element (nARE) is identified as 62 bp located in the core promoter of hTERT. Chromatin immunoprecipitations indicate an androgen-dependent recruitment of the androgen receptor (AR) ING1 and ING2 to the hTERT promoter. Interestingly, the androgen-induced transrepression is mediated by the class II tumor suppressors inhibitor of growth 1 and 2, namely ING1 and ING2, respectively. Abstract The human telomerase is a key factor during tumorigenesis in prostate cancer (PCa). The androgen receptor (AR) is a key drug target controlling PCa growth and regulates hTERT expression, but is described to either inhibit or to activate. Here, we reveal that androgens repress and activate hTERT expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Physiological low androgen levels activate, while, notably, supraphysiological androgen levels (SAL), used in bipolar androgen therapy (BAT), repress hTERT expression. We confirmed the SAL-mediated gene repression of hTERT in PCa cell lines, native human PCa samples derived from patients treated ex vivo, as well as in cancer spheroids derived from androgen-dependent or castration resistant PCa (CRPC) cells. Interestingly, chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP) combined with functional assays revealed a positive (pARE) and a negative androgen response element (nARE). The nARE was narrowed down to 63 bp in the hTERT core promoter region. AR and tumor suppressors, inhibitor of growth 1 and 2 (ING1 and ING2, respectively), are androgen-dependently recruited. Mechanistically, knockdown indicates that ING1 and ING2 mediate AR-regulated transrepression. Thus, our data suggest an oppositional, biphasic function of AR to control the hTERT expression, while the inhibition of hTERT by androgens is mediated by the AR co-repressors ING1 and ING2.
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Archambeau J, Blondel A, Pedeux R. Focus-ING on DNA Integrity: Implication of ING Proteins in Cell Cycle Regulation and DNA Repair Modulation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010058. [PMID: 31878273 PMCID: PMC7017203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ING family of tumor suppressor genes is composed of five members (ING1-5) involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, apoptosis and senescence. All ING proteins belong to various HAT or HDAC complexes and participate in chromatin remodeling that is essential for genomic stability and signaling pathways. The gatekeeper functions of the INGs are well described by their role in the negative regulation of the cell cycle, notably by modulating the stability of p53 or the p300 HAT activity. However, the caretaker functions are described only for ING1, ING2 and ING3. This is due to their involvement in DNA repair such as ING1 that participates not only in NERs after UV-induced damage, but also in DSB repair in which ING2 and ING3 are required for accumulation of ATM, 53BP1 and BRCA1 near the lesion and for the subsequent repair. This review summarizes evidence of the critical roles of ING proteins in cell cycle regulation and DNA repair to maintain genomic stability.
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Jiang J, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Tian F, Wang G. miR-153-3p Suppresses Inhibitor of Growth Protein 2 Expression to Function as Tumor Suppressor in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2019; 18:1533033819852990. [PMID: 31138034 PMCID: PMC6542125 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819852990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in microRNAs expression can accelerate the development of human cancers. However, the role of miR-153-3p in acute lymphoblastic leukemia remains unknown. The expression of miR-153-3p in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Effects of miR-153-3p expression on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. We then validated inhibitor of growth protein 2 as a direct target of miR-153-3p through bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity reporter assay, and Western blot assay. The miR-153-3p expression was decreased in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of acute lymphoblastic leukemia were obviously decreased by miR-153-3p overexpression. Moreover, inhibitor of growth protein 2 was validated as a direct target of miR-153-3p and the overexpression of inhibitor of growth protein 2 reversed the suppressive effects of miR-153-3p on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell behaviors. Based on these results, we provided evidence that miR-153-3p might be a target for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jiang
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Zhao
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Tian
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoyan Wang
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Blondel A, Benberghout A, Pedeux R, Ricordel C. Exploiting ING2 Epigenetic Modulation as a Therapeutic Opportunity for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101601. [PMID: 31640185 PMCID: PMC6827349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, over the last few decades. Survival remains extremely poor in the metastatic setting and, consequently, innovative therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Inhibitor of Growth Gene 2 (ING2) is a core component of the mSin3A/Histone deacetylases complex (HDAC), which controls the chromatin acetylation status and modulates gene transcription. This gene has been characterized as a tumor suppressor gene and its status in cancer has been scarcely explored. In this review, we focused on ING2 and other mSin3A/HDAC member statuses in NSCLC. Taking advantage of existing public databases and known pharmacological properties of HDAC inhibitors, finally, we proposed a therapeutic model based on an ING2 biomarker-guided strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Blondel
- INSERM U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress and Signaling, CLCC Eugène Marquis, 35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Amine Benberghout
- INSERM U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress and Signaling, CLCC Eugène Marquis, 35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Rémy Pedeux
- INSERM U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress and Signaling, CLCC Eugène Marquis, 35033 Rennes, France.
| | - Charles Ricordel
- INSERM U1242, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress and Signaling, CLCC Eugène Marquis, 35033 Rennes, France.
- CHU Rennes, Service de Pneumologie, Université de Rennes 1, 35033 Rennes, France.
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Gao Y, Ma H, Gao C, Lv Y, Chen X, Xu R, Sun M, Liu X, Lu X, Pei X, Li P. Tumor-promoting properties of miR-8084 in breast cancer through enhancing proliferation, suppressing apoptosis and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Transl Med 2018; 16:38. [PMID: 29471858 PMCID: PMC5824560 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. MicroRNAs play a key role in breast cancer development and progression. microRNA(miR)-8084 has been observed an aberrant expression in breast cancer. However, the functions and regulatory axes of miR-8084, particularly in breast cancer, were not entirely clear. Methods miR-8084 expression in breast cancer were investigated in a GEO dataset by in silico analysis and in 42 paired tumor tissues by qPCR. The effects of deregulation of miR-8084 on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo were examined by colony-formation assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and nude mouse subcutaneous tumor formation model. The target gene of miR-8084 were predicted by TargetScan and miRDB, and confirmed by luciferase reporter system. The roles of miR-8084 in the breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were investigated by MTS, FACS and associated-marker detection by western blot. Results miR-8084 is significantly up-regulated in both serum and malignant tissues from the source of breast cancer patients. miR-8084 promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells by activating ERK1/2 and AKT. Meanwhile miR-8084 inhibits apoptosis by decreasing p53-BAX related pathway. miR-8084 also enhances migration and invasion by inducing EMT. Moreover, the tumor suppressor ING2 is a potential target of miR-8084, and miR-8084 regulatory axes contribute to pro-tumor effect, at least partially through regulating ING2. Conclusion Our results strongly suggest that miR-8084 functions as an oncogene that promotes the development and progression of breast cancer, and miR-8084 is a potential new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Hongning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chanchan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Lv
- Oncology Department of Cancer Hospital, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - XueHua Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital and Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Rd, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinrui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiuying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital and Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Rd, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
ING2 (inhibitor of growth protein-2) is a member of the ING-gene family and participates in diverse cellular processes involving tumor suppression, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and cellular senescence. As a subunit of the Sin3 histone deacetylase complex co-repressor complex, ING2 binds to H3K4me3 to regulate chromatin modification and gene expression. Additionally, ING2 recruits histone methyltransferase (HMT) activity for gene repression, which is independent of the HDAC class I or II pathway. However, the physiological function of ING2 in mouse preimplantation embryo development has not yet been characterized previously. The expression, localization and function of ING2 during preimplantation development were investigated in this study. We showed increasing expression of ING2 within the nucleus from the 4-cell embryo stage onwards; and that down-regulation of ING2 expression by endoribonuclease-prepared small interfering RNA (esiRNA) microinjection results in developmental arrest during the morula to blastocyst transition. Embryonic cells microinjected with ING2-specific esiRNA exhibited decreased blastulation rate compared to the negative control. Further investigation of the underlying mechanism indicated that down-regulation of ING2 significantly increased expression of p21, whilst decreasing expression of HDAC1. These results suggest that ING2 may play a crucial role in the process of preimplantation embryo development through chromatin regulation.
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Kashevarova AA, Nazarenko LP, Skryabin NA, Salyukova OA, Chechetkina NN, Tolmacheva EN, Sazhenova EA, Magini P, Graziano C, Romeo G, Kučinskas V, Lebedev IN. Array CGH analysis of a cohort of Russian patients with intellectual disability. Gene 2014; 536:145-50. [PMID: 24291026 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) as a diagnostic tool in molecular genetics has facilitated the identification of many new microdeletion/microduplication syndromes (MMSs). Furthermore, this method has allowed for the identification of copy number variations (CNVs) whose pathogenic role has yet to be uncovered. Here, we report on our application of array CGH for the identification of pathogenic CNVs in 79 Russian children with intellectual disability (ID). Twenty-six pathogenic or likely pathogenic changes in copy number were detected in 22 patients (28%): 8 CNVs corresponded to known MMSs, and 17 were not associated with previously described syndromes. In this report, we describe our findings and comment on genes potentially associated with ID that are located within the CNV regions.
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Key Words
- ABLIM3
- ACAD10
- ADHD
- AFAP1L1
- AGA
- ASTN1
- Array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH)
- CASP3
- CGH
- CHERISH
- CNS
- CNTN6
- CNV
- Copy number variation (CNV)
- DDX10
- DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 10
- DECIPHER
- EEG
- EU
- European Union
- FJX1
- GLRA3
- HAND2
- HFE
- ID
- IFN
- IL17B
- ING2
- IQ
- IRF1
- IRF2
- Intellectual disability
- LDLRAD3
- METTL4
- MMP14
- MMSs
- MRI
- NDC80
- NDC80 kinetochore complex component
- NEIL3
- NO
- OMIM
- PCR
- PL CNS
- PON1
- PON2
- PON3
- SBF
- SCGN
- SCRG1
- SET domain binding factor
- SLC1A2
- SLC5A7
- SLC7A7
- SMCHD1
- SUFU
- SWAP switching B-cell complex 70kDa subunit
- SWAP70
- Ski-related novel protein N
- SnoN
- TGFβ
- TNR
- TRIM44
- WAGR
- Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies and mental retardation syndrome
- actin binding LIM protein family, member 3
- actin filament associated protein 1-like 1
- acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family, member 10
- aspartylglucosaminidase
- astrotactin 1
- attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
- caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase
- central nervous system
- comparative genomic hybridization
- contactin 6
- copy number variation
- database of chromosomal imbalance and phenotype in humans using ensembl resources
- electroencephalogram
- four jointed box 1 (Drosophila)
- glycine receptor, alpha 3
- grant of European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
- heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2
- hemochromatosis
- inhibitor of growth family, member 2
- intellectual disability
- intelligence quotient
- interferon
- interferon regulatory factor 1
- interferon regulatory factor 2
- interleukin 17B
- low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 3
- magnetic resonance imaging
- matrix metallopeptidase 14 (membrane-inserted)
- methyltransferase like 4
- microdeletion/microduplication syndromes
- nei endonuclease VIII-like 3 (E. coli)
- nitrogen oxide
- online mendelian inheritance in man
- paraoxonase 1
- paraoxonase 2
- paraoxonase 3
- perinatal lesion of central nervous system
- polymerase chain reaction
- qPCR
- quantitative PCR
- secretagogin, EF-hand calcium binding protein
- solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 2
- solute carrier family 5 (sodium/choline cotransporter), member 7
- solute carrier family 7 (amino acid transporter light chain, y+L system), member 7
- stimulator of chondrogenesis 1
- structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain containing 1
- suppressor of fused homolog (Drosophila)
- tenascin R
- transforming growth factor beta
- tripartite motif containing 44
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vaidutis Kučinskas
- Vilnius University, Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Perniola R, Musco G. The biophysical and biochemical properties of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1842:326-37. [PMID: 24275490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIRE (for autoimmune regulator) is a multidomain protein that performs a fundamental function in the thymus and possibly in the secondary lymphoid organs: the regulation, especially in the sense of activation, of the process of gene transcription in cell lines deputed to the presentation of self-antigens to the maturing T lymphocytes. The apoptosis of the elements bearing T-cell receptors with critical affinity for the exhibited self-antigens prevents the escape of autoreactive clones and represents a simple and efficient mechanism of deletional self-tolerance. However, AIRE action relies on an articulated complex of biophysical and biochemical properties, in most cases attributable to single subspecialized domains. Here a thorough review of the matter is presented, with a privileged look at the pathogenic changes of AIRE that interfere with such properties and lead to the impairment in its chief function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Perniola
- Department of Pediatrics - Neonatal Intensive Care, V. Fazzi Regional Hospital, Piazza F. Muratore, I-73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Center of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Dulbecco Telethon Institute at San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, I-20132, Milan, Italy.
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Hu Y, Zhu N, Wang X, Yi Q, Zhu D, Lai Y, Zhao Y. Analysis of rice Snf2 family proteins and their potential roles in epigenetic regulation. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 70:33-42. [PMID: 23770592 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Snf2 family proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors that control many aspects of DNA events such as transcription, replication, homologous recombination and DNA repair. In animals several members in this family have been revealed to control gene expression in concert with other epigenetic mechanisms including histone modification, histone variants and DNA methylation. Their function in regulating genome expression in plant has hardly been disclosed before except in Arabidopsis. Here we identified 40 members of this family in the rice (Oryza Sativa) genome and constructed a phylogenetic tree together with Arabidopsis 41 Snf2 proteins. Sequence alignment of the Snf2 helicase regions revealed conserved motifs and blocks in most proteins. Expression profile analysis indicates that many rice Snf2 family genes show a tissue-specific expression pattern and some of them respond to abiotic stresses including drought, salt and cold. The results provide a basis for further analysis of their roles in epigenetic regulation to control rice development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Hu
- Jingchu University of Technology, 448000 Jingmen, China.
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