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Manaa EA, El-Attrouny MM, El-Barbary A, Albadrani GM, Al-Ghadi MQ, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Tarabany MS, Ramadan SI. Laying performance, genetic parameters, and the expression of FSHβ, LHβ, FSHR, and LHR genes in Japanese quails selected for early egg production. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103358. [PMID: 38176363 PMCID: PMC10796976 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating the impact of early egg production selection (the first 90 d of laying) on egg production features, cumulative selection response (CSR), and the mRNA expression of gonadotropins (FSHβ and LHβ), and their receptors (FSHR and LHR), in Japanese quails was the goal. The selection experiment involved 1293 females in all, 257 from the base group and 1036 from the 4 selected generations. Age and body weight at sexual maturity (ASM, BWSM), weight of the first egg (WFE), days to the first 10 eggs (DF10E), egg mass for the first 10 eggs (EMF10E), egg weight (EW), egg number at the first 90 d of laying (EN90D), and egg mass at the first 90 d of laying (EM90D) were all recorded. Most egg production traits had heritability estimates that were low to moderate and ranged from 0.17 to 0.33., where the highest estimates were reported for EN90D (0.33) and BWSM (0.32). With the exception of EN90D, low to moderate positive genetic correlations were observed between ASM and other egg production traits (0.17-0.44). The fourth generation showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower ASM and DF10E but higher BWSM, WFE, EN90D, EM10E, and EM90D when compared with the base generation. CSR were significant (P < 0.05) for ASM (-6.67 d), BWSM (27.13 g), WFE (0.93 g), DF10E (-1.25 d), EN90D (7.24 egg), EM10E (10.57 g), and EM90D (140.0 g). FSHβ, LHβ, FSHR, and LHR gene mRNA expression was considerably (P < 0.05) greater in the fourth generation compared to the base generation. In conclusion, selection programs depending on the efficiency of egg production (EN90D) could improve the genetic gain of egg production traits and upregulate the mRNA expression of FSHβ, LHβ, FSHR, and LHR genes in selected quails (fourth generation). These findings might help to enhance breeding plans and create commercial lines of high egg production Japanese quails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Manaa
- Animal and Poultry Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud M El-Attrouny
- Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Amal El-Barbary
- Poultry Breeding Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer M Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muath Q Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud S El-Tarabany
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Sherif I Ramadan
- Animal and Poultry Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, Qalyubia, Egypt
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Farag MR, El-Kassas S, Attia YA, Alhotan RA, Mahmoud MA, Di Cerbo A, Alagawany M. Yucca schidigera Extract Mitigates the Oxidative Damages, Inflammation, and Neurochemical Impairments in the Brains of Quails Exposed to Lead. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:713-724. [PMID: 37171738 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the neurotoxic impacts of lead (Pb) and the potential alleviating effect of Yucca schidigera extract (YSE) in Japanese quails. About 360 adult Japanese quails (8 weeks old) were used. Quails were randomly distributed to six groups with 4 replicates each: the control group (fed basal diet, BD), the BD + YSE1 and BD + YSE2 groups (BD + 100 and 200 mg/kg diet of YSE, respectively), the Pb group (BD + 100 mg/kg Pb), and the Pb + YSE1 and Pb + YSE2 groups (BD + Pb + 100 and 200 mg/kg YSE, respectively). This feeding trial lasted for 8 weeks. The exposure to Pb in the diet induced oxidative damage stress in the brain of exposed quails reflected by the significant increase in the oxidative markers including malonaldehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) and the significant reduction in the activities of antioxidants including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the reduced glutathione (GSH). Brain neurochemistry and enzyme activities were also altered following Pb exposure. Pb significantly reduced serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA, Ach, and Na + /K + -ATPase activities. Pb dietary intoxication markedly increased brain inflammatory biomarkers, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), myeloperoxidase, and nitric oxide. Peripherally, Pb toxicity decreased the amino acid neurotransmitters (glutamic acid, glycine, and aspartic acid) in the serum of birds. At the transcriptomic level, Pb exposure upregulated the transcription patterns of CASP3, TNF-α, HSP70, and IL-1β. The single effect of YSE maintained that all the assessed parameters were not changed compared to the control. Interestingly, the YSE co-supplementation with Pb alleviated the Pb-induced neuro-oxidative damages by lowering the lipid, protein, and DNA damage, and the inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44111, Egypt
| | - Seham El-Kassas
- Animal, Poultry, and Fish Breeding and Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Youssef A Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashed A Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Mahmoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga, New Valley, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024, Matelica, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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Nasir JA, Chand N, Naz S, Alhidary IA, Khan RU, Batool S, Zelai NT, Pugliese G, Tufarelli V, Losacco C. Dietary Oyster Mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus) Waste Inhibits Experimentally Induced Eimeria tenella Challenge in Japanese Quails Model. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3421. [PMID: 37958176 PMCID: PMC10650477 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of dietary 3% oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) waste in enhancing the anticoccidial effects in broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella infection. The experiment involved a total of 600 Japanese quails, raised from one to thirty-five days of age, which were divided into four treatment groups. These included a negative control group that received a basal diet (BD) without any anticoccidial or antibiotic supplementation in the non-challenged birds (negative control, NC); a positive control (PC) group consisting of NC birds challenged with E. tenella; a group that received the BD with an anticoccidial drug (standard); and a group that received the BD supplemented with 3% waste from oyster mushrooms (3% Pleurotus ostreatus). The results showed that the feed intake, body weight gain, and feed efficiency were significantly lower in the PC (p < 0.05). However, the growth traits were similar in the standard and 3% Pleurotus ostreatus-treated groups. Similarly, there was no difference (p < 0.05) in the mortality rate, oocyst count in the feces, and lesion score between the standard and 3% Pleurotus ostreatus groups. Based on intestinal histology evaluation, the villi height and width were significantly higher in the standard and 3% Pleurotus ostreatus-treated groups compared to those of the PC (p < 0.01). In conclusion, it was found that 3% Pleurotus ostreatus effectively mitigated the low growth rate of Japanese quails induced by coccidial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Abdul Nasir
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; (J.A.N.); (N.C.)
| | - Naila Chand
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; (J.A.N.); (N.C.)
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim A. Alhidary
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rifat U. Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Batool
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Noha T. Zelai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gianluca Pugliese
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy; (G.P.); (C.L.)
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Mokhtarian Asl R, Nobakht A, Palangi V, Maggiolino A, Centoducati G. The Effect of Using Bovine Colostrum and Probiotics on Performance, Egg Traits, Blood Biochemical and Antioxidant Status of Laying Japanese Quails. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2166. [PMID: 37443962 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present paper aims to evaluate the effect of different levels of bovine colostrum and probiotic dietary supplementation on egg production performance, egg traits, carcass characteristics, blood biochemistry and antioxidant status of laying Japanese quails. For the trial, 240 laying quails, aged between 24 weeks and 30 weeks, were involved in a 3 × 2 factorial experimental design, with 3 levels of bovine fresh colostrum (0, 2, and 4 percent of the total ratio) and 2 levels of probiotics (0 and 0.01 percent of the total ratio) administration. The colostrum supplementation improved the egg production performance, egg traits, carcass characteristics, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status (p < 0.01). Probiotics used without colostrum did not affect the investigated traits of laying Japanese quails (p > 0.05), but a synergistic effect was observed when combined with colostrum. The overall results recommended that using 4% of bovine colostrum in laying Japanese quails, with the addition of 0.01% of probiotic feed additive results in positive effects on egg production performance, egg traits, carcass characteristics, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status of laying Japanese quails in the late laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mokhtarian Asl
- Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh 55, Iran
| | - Ali Nobakht
- Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh 55, Iran
| | - Valiollah Palangi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Türkiye
| | - Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
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Mokhtarzadeh S, Nobakht A, Mehmannavaz Y, Palangi V, Eseceli H, Lackner M. Impacts of Continuous and Intermittent Use of Bovine Colostrum on Laying Japanese Quails: Egg Performance and Traits, Blood Biochemical and Antioxidant Status. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36290197 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is farmed for its eggs and meat across the globe. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the permanent or intermittent use of different levels of BC (bovine colostrum) on the egg performance and traits, carcass characteristics, blood biochemical and antioxidant status of laying Japanese quails. In this study, 200 laying quails were used for a duration of six weeks (week 24 to 30) to measure the selected parameters. Treatments included: (1) control (without BC); (2) 2% continuous BC; (3) 4% BC permanently; and (4) and (5) 2% and 4% BC intermittently (every other week), respectively. According to the results, performance, egg quality, carcass traits, biochemical indices and antioxidant status of BC-fed (continuous and intermittent mode) quails were improved compared to the control-diet-fed birds (p < 0.01). Per our observations, quails fed daily with 4% BC had the highest performance, best egg and carcass quality traits, best blood composition and best antioxidant status of serum, although the same parameters were also improved in birds fed intermittently with 4% BC. The final conclusion is that, although quails fed daily with 4% BC showed the best performance, intermittent feeding exerted comparable effects. Therefore, the intermittent-feeding approach could benefit the birds when colostrum preparation is limited due to the high cost of the related process. This approach could improve the economics of poultry breeding while reducing environmental problems, such as antibiotic resistance.
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Tsukahara S, Morishita M, Sasaki S, Wakayama K, Kobayashi K, Ohno K, Kawashima T. Sexually dimorphic expression of sexual differentiation genes in the internal genital organs of Japanese quail embryos. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 314:113917. [PMID: 34555414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is an avian model used to evaluate the reproductive and developmental toxicity of chemicals. The National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) of Japan established a strain of Japanese quail, NIES-L, which may be a better model because of its highly inbred characteristics. To understand sexual differentiation of the reproductive organs and the value of using NIES-L quails for avian toxicity assessment, we profiled estradiol and androgen plasma levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; the mRNA levels of estrogen receptor-α (ERα), ERβ, and androgen receptor (AR) in the gonads, Müllerian ducts, Wolffian ducts; and the mRNA levels of steroidogenic enzymes, cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), 17α-hydroxylase/C17-20 lyase (P45017α, lyase), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), and aromatase (P450arom), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and AMH receptor type 2 (AMHR2) in the gonads of NIES-L Japanese quails on embryonic days 9, 12, and 15 using a real-time quantitative PCR method. The plasma estradiol concentration was higher in females than males on these embryonic days, but no sex difference was found in the plasma androgens. The mRNA levels of all examined steroidogenic enzymes were significantly higher in female than male embryos. In particular, the P450arom mRNA levels showed a striking sex difference: P450arom was expressed in female but not male gonads. In contrast, the AMH and AMHR2 mRNA levels in the gonads were higher in males than females. The ERα, ERβ, and AR mRNA levels increased in the left female gonad and peaked on embryonic day 15, but not in the left and right male gonads; therefore, there was a female-biased sex difference. The ERα, ERβ, and AR mRNA levels in the left Müllerian duct, but not in the right Müllerian duct, of females increased and peaked on embryonic day 15, which resulted in asymmetric mRNA levels. The Wolffian ducts expressed ERα, ERβ, and AR in both sexes, and no sex difference or asymmetry of mRNA levels was found. The information obtained from this study helps elucidate the molecular endocrinological basis of sexual dimorphism formation of reproductive organs and clarify the value of NIES-L quails for toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Tsukahara
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Morishita
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shiho Sasaki
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kanta Wakayama
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kaito Kobayashi
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Research Office for Environmental Risk Science, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Takaharu Kawashima
- Research Office for Environmental Risk Science, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
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Ali DA, Al-Shuhaib MBS, Farhadi G, Al-Kafajy FR, Al-Thuwaini TM, Esmailizadeh A. Detection of a novel single nucleotide polymorphism in IGF2 gene with a negative impact on egg production and body weight in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:170. [PMID: 34735645 PMCID: PMC8569122 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00271-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is one of three hormones that share high structural similarity to insulin. It is involved in several insulin-like growth-regulating and mitogenic activities. This study was conducted to genotype the coding regions of the IGF2 gene in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) using PCR-SSCP-sequencing, and to assess the possible association of the polymorphism of these regions with the main egg production traits. A total of 240 female birds with an equal number of three Japanese quail populations (Brown or BR, Black or BL, and White or WT) were included in this study. Results All the genotyped regions exerted no heterogeneity in their sequences with one exception detected in the exon 2. In this locus, a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in which “A” was substituted with “G” at 81 position with a silent effect (p.F79=SNP) on IGF2 protein. Association analyses indicated a significant (P < 0.05) relation of this SNP with egg number (EN) and bird weight (BW) in the analyzed populations, in which the birds with AG genotype had lower EN and BW than those with AA genotype. The p.F79=SNP was largely detected in the WT line than the other two lines. Conclusion The detected p.F79=SNP has a highly negative effect on EN and BW in Japanese quail. Thus, the implementation of the variations of the IGF2 gene can be a useful marker in the marker-assisted selection of Japanese quail. This is the first report to describe IGF2 gene variations in Japanese quail, which strongly suggests raising the birds from the BR line with AA genotype when breeders desire to raise Japanese quail for large-scale egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhafer A Ali
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | - Golzar Farhadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, PB, 76169-133, Iran
| | - Fadhil R Al-Kafajy
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | - Tahreer M Al-Thuwaini
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim, Babil, 51001, Iraq
| | - Ali Esmailizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, PB, 76169-133, Iran.
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Zakariah M, Molele RA, Mahdy MAA, Ibrahim MIA, McGaw LJ. Structural observations on spermatogenic cells of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) pre-pubertally exposed to dibutyl phthalate: A light and transmission electron microscopy study. Micron 2021; 152:103163. [PMID: 34700152 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2021.103163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) induces testicular damage in mammals. However, studies on the effects of DBP on spermatogenic cells in birds are grossly lacking. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effects of the pre-pubertal exposure to DBP on the histology and ultrastructure of spermatogenic cells in the testis of adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The birds were randomly divided into five dosage groups at the age of 4 weeks. The control group received a corn oil vehicle only (a dose of 1 mL/kg body weight), while the other four experimental groups received a daily dosage of 10, 50, 200, 400 mg/kg body weight of DBP (dissolved in corn oil), respectively with the aid of gastric lavage, for 30 days. Testicular samples were processed and examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Histopathological evaluation revealed vacuole formation, germ cell degenerations, and the absence of spermatogenic cell series. Ultrastructurally, chromatin clumps in spermatocyte and degenerated spermatogonia with ruptured nuclear membranes resting on the distorted basement membranes were observed. Others were intracytoplasmic vacuoles in round spermatids and fragments of dense apoptotic bodies. In conclusion, the findings of the present study reveal that spermatogenic cells of Japanese quails seem to be more sensitive to DBP-induced degeneration compared to mammalian species studied. The Japanese quail could be used to monitor environmental contamination with low doses of DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Zakariah
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa; Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, PMB 1069 University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
| | - Reneilwe A Molele
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria, 0110, South Africa
| | - Mohammed A A Mahdy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I A Ibrahim
- Department of Basic Science, University of West Kordofan, West Kordofan State, Sudan
| | - Lyndy J McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, Pretoria, South Africa
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ELSaidy N, Kirella A, El-Kassas S, Dawood MAO, Abouelenien F. Reducing the Abundance of Harmful Bacteria of Rooftop Tank-Stored Drinking Water Using Silver Nanoparticles and Acetic Acid and Its Impact on Japanese Quail Growth Performances. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3062-3072. [PMID: 33034010 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the microbial diversity of rooftop tank-stored drinking water consumed by Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and acetic acid (AC) and their mixture. Japanese quails (2 weeks old) of two different plumage colors, white and brown, were divided into four groups. In group 1 (control), birds received rooftop tank-stored water. In groups 2, 3, and 4, birds received rooftop tank-stored water treated with AC (0.5 mL/L), AgNPs (0.1 mg/L), or both AC and AgNPs. A reduction in the total coliform count was observed for AgNP- and AC-treated water after 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 5 days (P < 0.05). Growth rates and feed intake in both white- and brown-feathered quails were also increased using both AC and AgNPs (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in water consumption was observed in the brown-feathered quails, whereas the white-feathered quails drank more water (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, serum parameters remained unchanged in the white-feathered quails using both AC or/and AgNP purifiers (P > 0.05), whereas brown-feathered quails receiving water treated with AC or both AC and AgNPs displayed a significant increase in serum total protein and hemoglobin compared with quails receiving water treated with AgNPs alone or non-treated water (P < 0.05). Cholesterol and triglycerides levels were significantly increased when using both AC or/and AgNP purifiers (P < 0.05). In conclusion, both AgNPs and AC are recommended as efficient purifiers to eliminate pathogenic bacteria and to increase the growth performance and health condition of white- and brown-feathered Japanese quail birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagham ELSaidy
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Abeer Kirella
- Poultry Physiology, Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Seham El-Kassas
- Animal, Poultry and Fish Breeding and Production, Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Abouelenien
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Shaikh, 33516, Egypt
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Sarraude T, Hsu BY, Groothuis T, Ruuskanen S. Testing the short-and long-term effects of elevated prenatal exposure to different forms of thyroid hormones. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10175. [PMID: 33088630 PMCID: PMC7571413 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal thyroid hormones (THs) are known to be crucial in embryonic development in humans, but their influence on other, especially wild, animals remains poorly understood. So far, the studies that experimentally investigated the consequences of maternal THs focused on short-term effects, while early organisational effects with long-term consequences, as shown for other prenatal hormones, could also be expected. In this study, we aimed at investigating both the short- and long-term effects of prenatal THs in a bird species, the Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. We experimentally elevated yolk TH content (the prohormone T4, and its active metabolite T3, as well as a combination of both hormones). We analysed hatching success, embryonic development, offspring growth and oxidative stress as well as their potential organisational effects on reproduction, moult and oxidative stress in adulthood. We found that eggs injected with T4 had a higher hatching success compared with control eggs, suggesting conversion of T4 into T3 by the embryo. We detected no evidence for other short-term or long-term effects of yolk THs. These results suggest that yolk THs are important in the embryonic stage of precocial birds, but other short- and long-term consequences remain unclear. Research on maternal THs will greatly benefit from studies investigating how embryos use and respond to this maternal signalling. Long-term studies on prenatal THs in other taxa in the wild are needed for a better understanding of this hormone-mediated maternal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Sarraude
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Bin-Yan Hsu
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ton Groothuis
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Suvi Ruuskanen
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Zakariah M, Ibrahim MIA, Molele RA, McGaw LJ. Apoptosis of germ cells in the normal testis of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101450. [PMID: 33091765 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that excess germ cells in normal and in pathological conditions are removed from testicular tissue by the mechanism of apoptosis. Studies on germ cell apoptosis in avian species are grossly lacking, and there are only a few reports on induced germ cell degenerations in the testis tissue of birds. This study was designed to investigate the process of apoptosis of germ cells in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Germ cell degenerations were investigated in birds of all age groups, namely pre-pubertal, pubertal, adult, and aged. Apoptosis of germ cells in the quails, as shown by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E), TdT dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay and electron microscopy, was similar to that observed in previous studies of germ cells and somatic cells of mammalian species. The observed morphological features of these apoptotic cells ranged from irregular plasma and nuclear membranes in the early stage of apoptosis to rupture of the nuclear membrane, condensation of nuclear material, as well as fragments of apoptotic bodies, in later stages of apoptosis. In the TUNEL-positive cell counts, there was a significant difference between the mean cell counts for the four age groups (P < 0.05). Post hoc analysis revealed a highly significant difference in the aged group relative to the pubertal and adult age groups, while the cell counts of the pre-pubertal group were significantly higher than those of the pubertal group. However, there was no significant difference between cell counts of the pre-pubertal and the adult, and between the pre-pubertal and the aged groups.
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Kürekci C, Özsoy B, Hassan E, Özkan H, Gundoğdu A, Özsoy ŞY, Yakan A. Effect of essential oil supplementation to diet on meat quality, fatty acid composition, performance parameters and intestinal microbiota of Japanese quails. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:927-937. [PMID: 32969077 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of essential oil (EO) supplementation on carcass characteristics of Japanese quails and interactions between ingredients and intestinal morphology were investigated in this study. A total of 250 quails were fed different diet: D1, basal diet (BD); D2, BD plus palmarosa oil (PO; 100 µg/kg diet); D3, BD plus lemon myrtle oil (LMO; 100 µg/kg diet); D4, BD plus α-Tops (mixture of α-terpineol, cineole and terpinene-4-ol; 100 µg/kg diet); and D5, BD plus cyclodextrin. Overall growth performance was determined at multiple time points during 35 days of experiment. Carcass characteristics (fatty acid, pH and colour), intestinal morphology and the expression levels of meat quality-related genes including the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), myogenin and avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) were examined at the end of the trial. Additionally, intestinal microbiome of quails was studied by next-generation sequencing-based culture-independent analysis. Although the inclusion of EOs into the diet had no effect on the growth performance of quails and the microbial profile, the significant changes in pH24 and colour (a*) of the quail's breast muscle (p < .05) in the group receiving PO were observed. Additionally, oleic acid content in the breast muscle was significantly higher in the EOs supplemented groups (p < .01). Quails fed the PO supplemented diet had higher villus and relatively rich in oleic acid. The expression levels of IGF-1 and myogenin genes in quail's muscle were not affected, but the expression of avUCP gene was significantly lower in quails fed with LMO and α-Tops (p < .05). The results demonstrated variable effects of these treatments on intestinal morphology. Taken together, dietary inclusion of EOs is found to be beneficial and hence can be recommended for improving the quality of poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemil Kürekci
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Bülent Özsoy
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Errol Hassan
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Hüseyin Özkan
- Department of Genetic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Aycan Gundoğdu
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Akın Yakan
- Department of Genetic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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El-Bahr SM, Shousha S, Albokhadaim I, Shehab A, Khattab W, Ahmed-Farid O, El-Garhy O, Abdelgawad A, El-Naggar M, Moustafa M, Badr O, Shathele M. Impact of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles on selected serum biomarkers, lipid peroxidation and tissue gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and cytokines in Japanese quail. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:349. [PMID: 32967666 PMCID: PMC7510065 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02482-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of zinc oxide in the form of nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) is of great benefit due to its potent effectiveness and higher bioavailability compared to zinc oxide. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary inclusion of different doses of ZnO-NPs on selected serum biomarkers, lipid peroxidation and tissue gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and cytokines in Japanese quail. Eighty Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) (45 days old) were randomly divided into four groups (20 birds for each) with 4 replicates (5 birds each). Birds in the first group were fed a basal diet alone and served as a control (C). Birds in groups 2–4 were fed the basal diet supplemented with ZnO-NPs at doses of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg for a period of 60 days. At the end of the experiment, all birds were sacrificed to collect blood in a plain vacutainer, whereas liver and brain tissues were stored frozen at -80 °C. The obtained sera were used for the analysis of selected biochemical parameters, whereas tissue homogenates were used for the estimation of zinc, oxidative stress biomarkers and gene expression of selected antioxidant enzymes and cytokines. Results ZnO-NPs (30 and 60 mg/kg) induced a significant decrease in serum triacylglycerol (TAG) compared to the control. ZnO-NPs did not affect the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin and tissue zinc concentrations but reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to the control. The liver retained a higher zinc concentration than that of brain tissue. In a dose-dependent manner, ZnO-NPs upregulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase: SOD1; catalase: CAT; glutathione peroxidase-1: GPX 1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon α: IFN-α; interleukin 6: IL-6) in liver and brain tissues. Conclusion The current study suggests the inclusion of ZnO-NPs, particularly 60 mg/kg, in the diet of Japanese quails to improve antioxidant and immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry Mohamed El-Bahr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al- Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Saad Shousha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al- Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Albokhadaim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al- Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Shehab
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalioubia, Moshtohor, Benha, Egypt
| | - Wassem Khattab
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalioubia, Moshtohor, Benha, Egypt
| | - Omar Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Osama El-Garhy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Qalioubia, Moshtohor, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Mehrez El-Naggar
- Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Omnia Badr
- Department of Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Shathele
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Kou H, Ya J, Gao X, Zhao H. The effects of chronic lead exposure on the liver of female Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica): Histopathological damages, oxidative stress and AMP-activated protein kinase based lipid metabolism disorder. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 190:110055. [PMID: 31838232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic metals to human and wildlife. It also had multiple negative influences on birds with physical, neurological and hematological clinical signs. However, the impacts of lead on bird liver lipid metabolism are still unclear. In this study, female Japanese quails were used to examine the effects of chronic lead exposure on liver histology, oxidative stress and AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) based lipid metabolism. Quails were randomly divided into 5 groups and each group was respectively fed with 0, 50, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm lead solution for 49 days. The result showed that exposure to 250, 500 and 1000 ppm Pb induced severe histopathological damages characterized by liver lipid vacuoles and accumulation, hepatic cytoplasmic hyalinization and vacuolization, hepatocytes necrosis, hepatic sinusoid congestion, and it also caused ultrastructural alterations featured by swelling and vacuolar mitochondria, the depolymerization of polyribosome, and lipid droplets accumulation. Moreover, significant decrease of activities of GPx (glutathione peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase) and level of T-AOC (total antioxidant capacity) while significant increase of MDA (malondialdehyde) content were found in livers of all Pb groups. In addition, the expressions of genes related to fatty synthesis were significantly upregulated in livers of all Pb groups while the expressions of genes related to fatty β-oxidation were significantly downregulated in livers of 250 ppm Pb group. The present study indicated lead exposure does cause bird health damages through inducing liver microstructural and ultrastructural injury, oxidative damages and lipid metabolism disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Kou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jing Ya
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xuebin Gao
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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15
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Kou H, Fu Y, He Y, Jiang J, Gao X, Zhao H. Chronic lead exposure induces histopathological damage, microbiota dysbiosis and immune disorder in the cecum of female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 183:109588. [PMID: 31450035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous metals to human and wildlife and it also has multiple negative impacts on birds. However, its influences on bird gut morphology and intestinal microbiota were still unclear. We used female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) to examine the effects of chronic lead exposure (0, 50 ppm and 1000 ppm) on cecal histology, microbial communities and immune function. The results showed 50 ppm lead exposure caused subtle damages of cecum cell structure. However, 1000 ppm lead exposure caused severe cecum histopathological changes characterized by mucosa abscission, Lieberkühn glands destruction and lymphocyte proliferation. Moreover, both lead concentrations induced ultrastructural damages featured by nucleus pyknosis, mitochondrial vacuolation and microvilli contraction. Meanwhile, microbial community structure, species diversity, taxonomic compositions and taxa abundance in the cecum were affected by lead exposure. Furthermore, the mRNA relative expression of immunity-related genes such as interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) was significantly downregulated while that of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and natural killer kappa B (NF-κB) was significantly upregulated in the cecum of 50 and 1000 ppm lead exposure groups. We concluded that lead exposure may cause gut health impairment of female Japanese quails by inducing cecal histopathological changes, microbiota dysbiosis and cecal immune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Kou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuchen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Junxia Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xuebin Gao
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China. ,cn
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16
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Shihab IM, Ezzat HN, Hussein MA. Effect of using ionized water on some productive and physiological performance of Japanese quails. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5146-5151. [PMID: 30726967 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the effects of using ionized water on the productive and physiological performance of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Our study was conducted at a private farm from 20th April, 2016 to 13th July, 2016 (84 d). One hundred 42-day-old Japanese quail chicks were used, divided randomly into 5 groups with 4 replicates. Treatments consisted in a control group (T1 - normal water:), alkaline (T2 - pH 8 and T3 - pH 9), and acidic water (T4 - pH 6 and T5 - pH 5). All birds were fed a balanced diet of energy and protein. The egg production ratio, egg weight, cumulative number of eggs, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, productivity per hen per week, and effects on plasma lipids, uric acid, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus were studied. The T3 group exhibited greater (P ≤ 0.05) average egg production, productivity per hen per week, cumulative number of eggs, and egg mass compared with the other groups. Moreover, all treated groups (T2 to T5) had higher (P ≤ 0.05) overall average egg weights compared with that of the T1 group. At 18 wk old, plasma cholesterol was decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the T3 and T5 groups. Furthermore, more (P ≤ 0.05) high-density lipoprotein and less low-density lipoprotein were observed in all treated groups compared with the T1 control group. In conclusion, the productive and physiological performance of Japanese quail was improved in the T3 (alkaline water; pH 9) and T5 (acidic water; pH 5) groups compared with the other experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan M Shihab
- Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hasanain N Ezzat
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammad A Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Iraq
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Abd El-Wahab A, Mahmoud RE, Ahmed MFE, Salama MF. Effect of dietary supplementation of calcium butyrate on growth performance, carcass traits, intestinal health and pro-inflammatory cytokines in Japanese quails. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:1768-1775. [PMID: 31385639 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of dietary calcium butyrate on growth performance, carcass traits and gut health in Japanese quails. In total, 320 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to 4 equal treatments, with 8 replicates of 10 Japanese quails, for 4 weeks. The Japanese quails in control treatment were fed control diet whereas in the other treatments the Japanese quails were fed diet supplemented with calcium butyrate at 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 g/kg diet. Data concerning performance measurements were recorded weekly. In addition, eight Japanese quails (one/replicate) from each treatment were selected randomly for serum collection to measure pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Pooled faecal samples from each replicate of each treatment were also collected at three time points (0, 2 and 4 weeks) for count E. coli and C. perfringens. The results showed that after 7 days of the experimental period, Japanese quails fed calcium butyrate supplemented diet at 0.7 g/kg showed a greater (p < .05) body weight and a favourable (p < .05) feed conversion ratio than the other treatments. Moreover, serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were increased (p < .05) in Japanese quails fed calcium butyrate supplemented diet at 0.7 g/kg. Calcium butyrate supplementation at 0.7 g/kg was associated with reduction (p < .05) in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL1-β, while IL-10 was increased (p < .05). In addition, after 2 weeks of calcium butyrate supplementation, a reduction (p < .05) in E. coli and C. perfringens counts was observed in excreta of Japanese quails fed 0.5 and 0.7 g calcium butyrate/kg diets. It is concluded that calcium butyrate supplementation improves body weight gain, reduces E. coli and C. perfringens counts and has anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidant effect in Japanese quails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania E Mahmoud
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa F E Ahmed
- Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Salama
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Suljević D, Islamagić E, Čorbić A, Fočak M, Filipić F. Chronic cadmium exposure in Japanese quails perturbs serum biochemical parameters and enzyme activity. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 43:37-42. [PMID: 31111748 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1614024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal, toxic even in trace amounts and its biological function in the human body has not been described to date. It is assumed that cadmium manifests in dose-dependent genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on many organs and tissue types. In this study, we have analyzed the biochemical parameters in the serum of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) after chronic in vivo exposure to cadmium. Adult animals were exposed to cadmium in the form of CdCl2 dissolved in water (0.20 mg/L) for 20 days. Significant differences between controls and exposed animals were found in 12 out of 13 analyzed biochemical parameters. Total bilirubin concentrations did not show any significant differences between the two groups. Exposure to cadmium has resulted in a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity, sodium and chloride concentration, as well as significant reductions in total proteins, albumins, globulins, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium concentration, and alkaline phosphatase activity. In this sense, chronic in vivo exposure to low doses of cadmium has induced severe changes in the levels of observed biochemical parameters and enzyme activity. Additionally, evident cytogenetic changes in the liver were also noted, where hepatocyte damage and even lack of organized nuclei, including nuclear fragmentation, clearly indicated ongoing apoptotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Suljević
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Erna Islamagić
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Anida Čorbić
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Muhamed Fočak
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Filip Filipić
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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19
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Yasar S, Tosun R. Predicting chemical, enzymatic and nutritional properties of fermented barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by second derivate spectra analysis from attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared data and its nutritional value in Japanese quails. Arch Anim Nutr 2018; 72:407-423. [PMID: 30183393 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2018.1500242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Nutrient concentrations, enzyme activities, viable probiotic counts and organic acid levels of fermented barley (FB) produced by solid state fermentation (SSF) and of its unfermented counterpart (unfermented barley (UFB)) were determined by quantitative methods, and compared with the second derivate spectra analysis (SDSA) of their attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared measurements. Moreover, in order to test the nutritional value of FB and UFB feeds, 3-d old Japanese quails were fed FB or UFB at 400 g/kg diet for 4 weeks. Chemical analysis indicated that FB had significantly increased crude protein, ether extract and ash contents, associated with lowered fibre and sugar contents, as compared with UFB. IR spectra pattern of FB and UFB samples were similar, but their SDSA parameters, particularly peak areas, differed significantly. The differences between FB and UFB in peak areas were highly correlated with the differences between two feeds in lipid, protein, total fibre, starch and sugar contents (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SDSA analysis found new peak areas only available in FB samples, indicating fortification with new biomolecules due to the effect of SSF. Feeding the FB containing diet for 3 or 4 weeks enhanced growth performance significantly and increased the carcass yield of quails, indicating its nutritional benefits in young growing quails. The results indicated that the further analysis of IR spectra data revealed important information on the chemical and biological properties of feed materials, which are found to be highly correlated with the results of compositional analysis and their biological value in animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulhattin Yasar
- a Department of Animal Science, Suveren Campus , Iğdır University, Faculty of Agriculture , Iğdır , Turkey
| | - Ramazan Tosun
- a Department of Animal Science, Suveren Campus , Iğdır University, Faculty of Agriculture , Iğdır , Turkey
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20
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Mazlan LF, Bachek NF, Mahamud SNA, Idris LH, Wei TS, Omar AR, Noor MHM. The positive expression of genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (Malaysian isolate) in Japanese quails ( Coturnix coturnix japonica). Vet World 2017; 10:542-548. [PMID: 28620260 PMCID: PMC5465770 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.542-548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the most predominant NDV strains that circulating in Malaysia; thus, this study was aimed to determine the susceptibility of Japanese quails toward genotype VII NDV. Clinical signs, gross pathological lesions of organs, positive detection of virus in organs and cloacal swabs, as well as the expression of the antibody titer, were used as parameters to assess the susceptibility of Japanese quails following infection of genotype VII NDV. MATERIALS AND METHODS About 20 quails were divided into three groups (n=8 for Groups A and B; n=4 for the control group). The quails in the Groups A and B were infected via intraocular route with 0.03 ml of 103.5 ELD50 and 107.0 ELD50 of NDV strain IBS 002, respectively, while the control group received 1× phosphate-buffered saline. Cloacal swabs and necropsy were taken on day 7 post-infection for all quails were subjected to one-step reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for detection of virus and examination for gross pathological lesion, respectively. Blood serums of infected quails were taken on day 10, 14, and 21 post-day infections and were subjected for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. RESULTS Depression and ruffled feathers, trachea rales, leg paralysis, and torticollis were shown in some of the quails in both infected groups. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in clinical signs between the infected groups. The results for RT-qPCR were found to be negative for all groups, and no gross pathological lesions of organs observed for quails in both infected groups. Trachea, proventriculus, and cecal tonsil were taken for the detection of NDV by RT-qPCR, and some of the organ samples showed positive detection of virus in both infected groups. HI assay showed an increase in mean titers of antibody across time and between infected groups. CONCLUSION In summary, Japanese quails are susceptible to genotype VII NDV based on parameters assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizma Felisha Mazlan
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Farhana Bachek
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nor Azizah Mahamud
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lokman Hakim Idris
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tan Sheau Wei
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hezmee Mohd Noor
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
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Tariq H, Rao PVR, Raghuvanshi RS, Mondal BC, Singh SK. Effect of Aloe vera and clove powder supplementation on carcass characteristics, composition and serum enzymes of Japanese quails. Vet World 2015; 8:664-8. [PMID: 27047153 PMCID: PMC4774731 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.664-668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim was to study the effect of Aloe vera and clove powder supplementation on carcass characteristics, composition and serum enzymes of Japanese quails. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 120-day-old Japanese quails, which were randomly divided into four treatment groups viz. T1-control, T2-0.5% A. vera, T3-0.5% clove, and T4-(0.25% A. vera + 0.25% clove) powder, each having three replications consisting of ten Japanese quails. The birds in control group (T1) were fed no supplement whereas in treatments T2-T4 birds were supplemented with A. vera leaf powder, clove, and mixture of both (powdered form) at 0.5, 0.5, and 0.25+0.25% of feed, respectively. After 7 days of brooding, a feeding trial of 35 days was conducted. On 35th day of trial birds were sacrificed and dressing percentage, cut up parts, organ weight, processing losses and carcass meat composition of the breast, thigh, and drumstick were recorded. Blood samples were collected on the same day and serum was separated to evaluate serum enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results: It showed significantly (p<0.05) higher values of dressing percentage with and without giblet and breast weight in the T2-T4 group as compared to the T1 group. No significant (p>0.05) differences were observed in giblet weight, other cut up parts and composition of the breast, thigh, and drumstick muscles in all the treatment groups. Serum ALT and AST did not vary significantly among different treatment groups. Conclusion: A. vera and clove supplementation improved the dressing percentage and breast weight without adversely affecting the meat composition and serum enzymes. Thus, these can be used as a growth promoter in Japanese quails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hujaz Tariq
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - P V Raman Rao
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Rita S Raghuvanshi
- Dean Home Science, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - B C Mondal
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - S K Singh
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
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Mishra J, Abraham RJJ, Rao VA, Rajini RA, Mishra BP, Sarangi NR. Chemical composition of solar dried blood and the ruminal content and its effect on performance of Japanese quails. Vet World 2015; 8:82-7. [PMID: 27047002 PMCID: PMC4777817 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.82-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim was to determine the chemical composition of solar dried blood and rumen content (DBRC) and further ascertain the concentration at which DBRC could be included in Japanese quail diets without any adverse effect on its performance. Materials and Methods: Feeding trial on the effect of DBRC on performance of Japanese quails was studied up to 5 weeks. 252 numbers of day old (Nandanam Type III breed) Japanese quails were purchased from Poultry Research Station, Madhavaram and divided into 7 batches (control+ six treatments) each consisting of 36 birds. The DBRC was included at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% in diets as control, treatment-1 (T1), treatment-2 (T2), treatment-3 (T3), treatment-4 (T4), treatment-5 (T5) and treatment-6 (T6) respectively in a completely randomized design to replace soybean meal in Japanese quail feed. The birds were provided with ad-labidum feed and drinking water ad-libitum during the entire experimental period. Results: The crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE) and ash contents of DBRC were 35.87%, 17.40%, 3.6% and 12.6%, respectively. The amount of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acid content were found to be 12.98 and 4.87 (g/100 g of feed) respectively in DBRC feed. Result showed that all birds fed DBRC diets performed better than the control group. Mortality was unaffected by dietary treatments. There was a significant difference (p<0.01) observed in weight gain in treatment groups compared to the control. Conclusion: Up to 30% DBRC could be incorporated in the diets of Japanese quails without any adverse effects on its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotiprabha Mishra
- Department of Meat Science and Technology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robinson J J Abraham
- Department of Meat Science and Technology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Appa Rao
- Department of Meat Science and Technology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Asha Rajini
- Department of Poultry Science, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B P Mishra
- Veterinary Dispensary, Rajsunakhala, Nayagarh, Odisha, India
| | - N R Sarangi
- Department of Livestock Production Management, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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