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Cao Y, Li M, Gu L, Zhao X, Zhou A, Miao Y, Wu Y, Ke Z, Hu R, Wang Z, Wu X. Chinese traditional formula Kaixin San suppressed ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons and cardiomyocytes in mice with paradoxical sleep deprivation. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 304:116034. [PMID: 36529245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kaixin San (KXS) is one of the most famous traditional Chinese formulas prescribed by Sun Simiao in 652 Christian era. It is composed of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey, Polygala tenuifolia, Poria cocos and Acorus calamus var. angustatus Besser. KXS is widely used for the treatment of emotion-thought disease, such as settling fright, quieting the spirit and nourishing the heart. However, whether KXS benefits hippocampal neurons and myocardial cells of mice impaired by paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and its mechanism remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the effect of KXS on hippocampal neuron and cardiac ferroptosis in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep deprived mice and clarify its potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS PSD was induced by a modified multi-platform method. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to detect the ability of learning and memory. Cardiac morphological changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Heart rate was detected by a PowerLab multichannel physiological recorder. Serum levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured with biochemical kits. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescent, and Western blotting analysis were used to observe the process and pathway of ferrotosis in hippocampus tissue and heart tissue of PSD mice. RESULTS KXS administration improved the impaired learning and memory of PSD mice. It prevented the damage of mitochondria in the hippocampus and heart of PSD mice. KXS also alleviated the myocardial injury, such as morphological damage, abnormal heart rate, serum ANP, and serum LDH induced by PSD. Further study disclosed that KXS reversed the expressions of proteins involved in ferroptosis such as TFRC, SLC7A11/xCT, GPX-4, ACSL4, and FTH1 in hippocampus and heart tissues. CONCLUSIONS KXS improved learning and memory of mice with REM sleep deprivation, which was closely associated with suppressed ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons and myocardiocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Lihua Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The Sate Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The Sate Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - An Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Yuping Miao
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Zunji Ke
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Rongfeng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The Sate Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The Sate Administration of TCM (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Yang Z, Zhuo FF, Zhang GM, Sun CH, Tu PF, Yao JC, Zeng KW. [Anti-depression targets and mechanism study of Kaixin San]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2023; 48:472-480. [PMID: 36725237 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220905.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study identified the anti-depression targets of Kaixin San(KXS) in the brain tissue with "target fishing" strategy, and explored the target-associated pharmacological signaling pathways to reveal the anti-depression molecular mechanism of KXS. The Balb/c mouse model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) and the anti-depression effect of KXS was evaluated by forced swimming test and sucrose preference test. KXS active components were bonded to the benzophenone-modified magnetic nanoparticles by photocrosslinking reaction for capturing target proteins from cortex, thalamus and hippocampus of depressive mice. The target proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). The enrichment analysis on signaling pathways was performed by Cytoscape. The potential biological functions of targets were verified by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay. The results showed that KXS significantly improved the behavioral indexes. There were 64, 91, and 44 potential targets of KXS identified in cortex, thalamus, and hippocampus, respectively, according to the target identification experiment. The functions of these targets were mainly associated with vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, salmonella infection, thyroid hormone synthesis, and other signaling pathways. Besides, the results of immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that KXS up-regulated the expressions of argipressine(AVP) in the cortex, heat shock protein 60(HSP60), cytochrome C oxidase 4(COX4), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH) in the thalamus, and down-regulated the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) p65 in the thalamus. Therefore, KXS may exert anti-depression effect through regulating vasopressin signaling pathway in the cortex and inflammation, energy metabolism, and thyroid hormone signaling pathways in the thalamus, and the effect of KXS on hippocampus is not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Gui-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Linyi 276006, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Linyi 276006, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Chun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine,Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. Linyi 276006, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
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Li HR, Dong PP, Li HJ, Xu J, Wang H, Cui YF, Sun ZQ, Gao P, Zhang JY. [UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS-based rapid identification of chemical components in substance benchmark of Kaixin San]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:938-950. [PMID: 35285193 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210823.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS/MS) was used for rapid identification of the chemical components in Kaixin San substance benchmark. The gradient elution was performed through a Waters ACQUITY~(TM) BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm) with water-acetonitrile as mobile phase, a column temperature of 30 ℃, a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min~(-1), and a sample size of 1 μL. The scanning was performed in the negative ion mode. The complex component groups in Kaixin San substance benchmark were quickly and accurately identified and clearly assigned based on the comparison of the retention time and MS data with those of the reference substance as well as the relative molecular weight of the same or similar components in the mass spectrum database and literature. A total of 77 compounds were identified, including 26 saponins, 13 triterpenoid acids, 20 oligosaccharide esters, 5 xanthones, and 13 other compounds. The qualitative method established in this study can systematically, accurately, and quickly identify the chemical components in Kaixin San substance benchmark, which can provide a basis for the further analysis of its active components in vivo and the establishment of its quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Ping-Ping Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Hua-Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yi-Fang Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Sun
- Shandong Yuze Yaokang Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Dezhou 251200, China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250300, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Yantai 264003, China
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Wang XJ, Zhang AH, Kong L, Yu JB, Gao HL, Liu ZD, Sun H. Rapid discovery of quality-markers from Kaixin San using chinmedomics analysis approach. Phytomedicine 2019; 54:371-381. [PMID: 30322673 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is more common disease of dementia among the elderly by multiple factors and presents enormous challenges in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Kaixin San (KXS), is a classic prescription for the treatment of memory decline and applied for AD nowadays. However, the quality-markers of KXS for the treatment of AD remain unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the effects and potential quality-markers of KXS against an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD. METHODS Two month old APP/PS1 transgenic model mice of AD were orally given KXS for 10 month to intervene. Through the novel object recognition (NOR), the classic Morris water maze (MWM), immunohistochemistry detection of Aβ1-42, Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), blood metabolic profiling evaluated the therapeutic effect of KXS on AD. PCMS software was applied to analysis correlations between biomarkers and serum constituents and became a powerful tool for excavating effective material basis. Behavior, histopathology and Chinmedomics were applied for assessing the efficacy and discovering potential quality-markers. RESULTS The result of MWM showed oral KXS could shorten the escape latency and increased the times of crossing the platform. The result of NOR showed oral KXS increased discrimination index (DI). Though the histopathology, KXS reduced the necrosis of neuron in brain tissue and the deposition of Aβ1-42. Chinmedomics strategy was used to analyze the biomarkers and blood components. KXS called back 20 biomarkers of AD. The effective material basis of KXS was ginsenoside Rf, ginsenoside F1, 20-O-glucopyranosyl ginsenoside Rf, dehydropachymic acid and E-3, 4, 5-trimethoxycinnamic acid. CONCLUSION This study demonstrate that KXS significantly improved cognitive function of transgenic mice of AD, repaired the damage caused by Aβ, regulated amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism abnormalities and determined the effective material basis of KXS treating AD. Clarifying the quality-markers of KXS can establish scientific quality standard to reflect the safety and effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Wang
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ling Kong
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jing-Bo Yu
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hong-Lei Gao
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Liu
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, China
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