1
|
Kumar S, Singh PP, Pasupuleti N, Shendre SS, Sequeira JJ, Babu I, Mutak MS, Rai N, Chaubey G. Genetic evidence for a single founding population of the Lakshadweep Islands. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:8. [PMID: 38374307 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Lakshadweep is an archipelago of 36 islands located in the Southeastern Arabian Sea. In the absence of a detailed archaeological record, the human settlement timing of this island is vague. Previous genetic studies on haploid DNA makers suggested sex-biased ancestry linked to North and South Indian populations. Maternal ancestry suggested a closer link with the Southern Indian, while paternal ancestry advocated the Northern Indian genetic affinity. Since the haploid markers are more sensitive to genetic drift, which is evident for the Island populations, we have used the biparental high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphic markers to reconstruct the population history of Lakshadweep Islands. Using the fine-scaled analyses, we specifically focused on (A) the ancestry components of Lakshadweep Islands populations; (B) their relation with East, West Eurasia and South Asia; (C) the number of founding lineages and (D) the putative migration from Northern India as the paternal ancestry was closer to the North Indian populations. Our analysis of ancestry components confirmed relatively higher North Indian ancestry among the Lakshadweep population. These populations are closely related to the South Asian populations. We identified mainly a single founding population for these Islands, geographically divided into two sub-clusters. By examining the population's genetic composition and analysing the gene flow from different source populations, this study contributes to our understanding of Lakshadweep Island's evolutionary history and population dynamics. These findings shed light on the complex interactions between ethnic groups and their genetic contributions in making the Lakshadweep population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Ancient DNA Lab, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India
| | - Prajjval Pratap Singh
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Nagarjuna Pasupuleti
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Shivanand S Shendre
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Jaison Jeevan Sequeira
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Idrees Babu
- Department of Science and Technology, Lakshadweep Administration, Kavaratti, 682555, India
| | - Mohammed S Mutak
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574199, India.
| | - Niraj Rai
- Ancient DNA Lab, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, UP, India.
| | - Gyaneshwer Chaubey
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kar C, Mariyambi PC, Raghavan R, Sureshkumar S. Mitochondrial phylogeny of fusilier fishes (family Caesionidae) from the Laccadive archipelago reveals a new species and two new records from the Central Indian Ocean. J Fish Biol 2023; 103:1445-1451. [PMID: 37667092 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fusiliers of the family Caesionidae comprise a group of Indo-Pacific reef fishes important in the live bait and artisanal fisheries in many parts of its range, particularly in the Indian Ocean region. Using newly generated mitochondrial COI sequences of 10 species of caesionid fishes from the Laccadive archipelago, we carried out a molecular phylogenetic analysis, which has helped improve our understanding of the diversity, distribution, and systematics of this poorly known group of fishes. The two speciose genera within Caesionidae, Caesio and Pterocaesio, were revealed to be paraphyletic, and as a result, four names earlier considered as subgenera within Caesionidae (Flavicaesio, Odontonectes, Pisinnicaesio, and Squamosicaesio) were elevated to the status of distinct genera. We also discovered the presence of a new lineage in the Central Indian Ocean, sister to Caesio caerulaurea and Caesio xanthalytos, but distinct from both in several morphological characters and a genetic distance of between 2% and 3% in the mitochondrial COI gene. We describe this lineage as Caesio idreesi, a new species, with a distribution spanning the Laccadive Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Our genetic data also helped confirm the first confirmed records of two species, Pisinnicaesio digramma and Squamosicaesio randalli, from the Central Indian Ocean, and a new distribution record for C. xanthalytos in the Laccadive Sea. Combined, these results have helped bridge key biodiversity knowledge gaps of the family Caesionidae and form an excellent baseline for further investigations on their taxonomy, systematics, and life history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Kar
- Department of Marine Biology, Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| | - Puthiyara Chetta Mariyambi
- Department of Marine Biology, Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| | - Rajeev Raghavan
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| | - Sivanpillai Sureshkumar
- Department of Marine Biology, Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoon V, Padgett RR. Integrating marine debris into socioeconomic monitoring: Informing local actions in Minicoy Island, India and charting a new global approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 197:115801. [PMID: 37984093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, the authors introduced the topic of anthropogenic marine debris into the Global Socioeconomic Monitoring Initiative for Coastal Management (SocMon) during an assessment conducted at Minicoy Island in India. SocMon is a process-based approach and set of tools for conducting community-based socio-economic monitoring of changes in coastal communities that has been adopted and adapted worldwide through the Global SocMon network. It provides an experiential learning opportunity that often leads to community driven action. By adding marine debris into this assessment, it is hoped that the data collected, along with the authors' experience and analysis, will provide a baseline and support resource management changes locally and provide lessons for other SocMon researchers. Further, this paper shows that SocMon provides an opportunity to assess changes caused by plastics or other marine debris not only in the physical environment, but also within a community and society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Hoon
- Centre for Action Research on Environment Science and Society, Chennai 600094, India.
| | - Rebekah R Padgett
- Centre for Action Research on Environment Science and Society, Chennai 600094, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tayyeh AM, Sequeira JJ, Kumar L, Babu I, van Driem G, Mustak MS. The maternal ancestry of the Kavaratti islanders and the last glacial maximum aftermath. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:1467-1477. [PMID: 37823939 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The prehistoric human settlement of the Lakshadweep islands remains a mystery for various reasons. Uncertainty about the existence of indigenous tribes in these islands and the lack of folklore records present major obstacles to the reconstruction of Lakshadweep ancestry. However, with extant population data, we seek to understand the maternal ancestry of the Kavaratti islanders. Mitochondrial control region variation analysis of 80 individuals from this island shows maternal links with the populations in the northwestern region of the South Asian mainland. The founder clade R30b2, observed in the Kavaratti islanders, is so far present only in the Scheduled Castes from the Punjab region, Jat Sikhs and Nairs. All other mainland populations carry basal R30 or R30a subclades. The presence of a specific Uralic U4 lineage in our samples, in addition to the Indo-European affinity observed in the phylogeny tree, substantiates a northwestern maternal ancestry of the Kavaratti islanders and implies an ancestral admixture with early humans in the Near East at the time of the last glacial maximum (LGM). Based on our Bayesian analysis, we furthermore propose that a group bearing mostly R30b2 during the LGM recovery, moved eastward and southward, where they received Indian-specific M haplogroups. Hence, the maternal ancestry of the Kavaratti islanders is evidently a consequence of the demographic changes in the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent caused by the Last Glacial Maximum. The haplogroup distribution pattern and nucleotide sequence data produced in this study will enrich the forensic database of the Lakshadweep islands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alnoman Mundher Tayyeh
- Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology Unit, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, 574199, India
| | | | - Lomous Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Idrees Babu
- Department of Science and Technology, Lakshadweep Administration, Kavaratti, 682555, India
| | - George van Driem
- Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Bern, Länggassstrasse 49, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Konhamkakkada I, Kinattumkara B, Raghavan R, Sivanpillai S. A new species of spiny eel of the genus Notacanthus Bloch 1788 (Notacanthiformes: Notacanthidae) from the Indian Ocean. J Fish Biol 2023. [PMID: 37170471 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea spiny eels of the genus Notacanthus Bloch 1788 are currently represented by six valid species, of which only one, Notacanthus indicus, has been described so far from the Arabian Sea, part of the Western Indian Ocean. This paper reports the discovery of a new species, described herein as Notacanthus laccadiviensis, from the outer reef drop-off, off the Kavaratti Island, Lakshadweep Archipelago, Arabian Sea. The new species differs from its congeners in the shape of the head; morphology of dorsal, pectoral and anal fins; number of gill rakers; number of vertebrae; and body colour, and specifically from N. indicus (the only known congener from the Indian Ocean) in the unusual morphology of the dorsal fin, and number of rays in the dorsal and pectoral fins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bineesh Kinattumkara
- Marine Biology Regional Center, Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Chennai, India
| | - Rajeev Raghavan
- Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| | - Sureshkumar Sivanpillai
- Faculty of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS), Kochi, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rahaman W, Tarique M, Fousiya AA, Prabhat P, Achyuthan H. Tracing impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on coastal hydrology using coral 87Sr/ 86Sr record from Lakshadweep, South-Eastern Arabian Sea. Sci Total Environ 2022; 843:157035. [PMID: 35780895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of the dominant climate modes influencing global precipitation and temperature. ENSO has a large impact on the monsoonal precipitations over the Indian subcontinent and thereby influences hydrological conditions. Due to dearth of long-term instrumental records of the hydrological parameters on sufficient spatial resolution, it is difficult to assess the impact of ENSO on regional hydrology. Though several geochemical proxies have been used to reconstruct past ENSO events through tracing the changes in past hydrological and climatic parameters, however, such reconstructions are often complicated by the influence of multiple processes and/or factors and their nonlinear relation with the proxy records. In this study, Sr isotope composition (87Sr/86Sr) was measured in Porites coral from the Lakshadweep, south-eastern Arabian Sea to reconstruct past ENSO events and to trace its regional hydrological impacts. The high precision measurements of 87Sr/86Sr in Lakshadweep coral show resolvable variations ranging from 0.709080 to 0.709210. The 87Sr/86Sr record shows an inverse relation with Niño 3.4 record; lower values matched with El Niño years and higher values with La Niña years. Our investigation reveals that ENSO driven precipitation changes impacted submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) to the Minicoy Atoll and resulted in 87Sr/86Sr variations of the Minicoy Atoll water. Therefore, deviation from the average seawater 87Sr/86Sr value can be quantified in terms of SGD contribution to the Minicoy Atoll. Our estimates based on binary mixing between seawater and SGD 87Sr/86Sr suggest a significant supply of SGD, maximum up to ~20 % of the total volume of the Minicoy Atoll during La Niña years due to higher rainfall compared to El Niño years. This finding highlights potential application of coral 87Sr/86Sr record as an alternate proxy to reconstruct past ENSO events and to trace its quantitative impact on regional hydrology, chemical and nutrient fluxes to coastal oceans via SGD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waliur Rahaman
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa, India.
| | - Mohd Tarique
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa, India
| | - A A Fousiya
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Priyesh Prabhat
- National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Goa, India; School of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Goa University, Goa, India
| | - Hema Achyuthan
- Institute of Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sai Elangovan S, Gauns M. A checklist of tintinnids (loricate ciliates) from the coastal zone of India. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:672. [PMID: 30361771 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report here a checklist of tintinnids (loricate ciliates) for the coastal zone of India. Based on available literature (1978 to 2017), a total of 25 stations were studied from 5 distinct areas of Indian coastal waters. A total of 151 species of 33 genera belonging to 14 families of tintinnids were documented. Diversity patterns of tintinnids were recorded higher along the west coast (30 genera and 106 species) than the east coast of India (20 genera and 93 species). Among tintinnids families, the Codonellidae (2 genera and 52 species, 20%) and the Tintinnidae (8 genera and 21 species, 19%) are the major contributors to the total tintinnids diversity in the Indian coastal zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sai Elangovan
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Mangesh Gauns
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| |
Collapse
|