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Kakiuchi M, Inoue T, Kobayashi H, Ebina A, Nakano G, Kakehi T, Tanaka T, Nishihara M. Sarcopenia assessed using a questionnaire can predict in-hospital mortality in older patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 60:217-222. [PMID: 38479913 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pulmonary tuberculosis is a severe disease with a high mortality rate. However, whether sarcopenia is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality remains unclear. The SARC-F (five items: strength, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls) is a questionnaire developed to screen for sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine whether the high risk of sarcopenia, assessed using the SARC-F questionnaire, affects in-hospital mortality in older patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational study. We included patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis aged ≥65 years who required inpatient treatment between 30 April 2021 and 30 November 2022. We assessed sarcopenia using SARC-F, and SARC-F ≥ 4 points at admission was defined as a high risk of sarcopenia. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality during hospitalisation. We extracted information on age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, blood and biochemical tests, modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, calf circumference, geriatric nutritional risk index, physiotherapy, and length of hospital stay from medical records. RESULTS We included 147 patients (mean age: 83.0 ± 7.8 years; males: 61.9%). Ninety-three (63.3%) patients had a high risk of developing sarcopenia. Patients with a high risk of sarcopenia were significantly older (mean: 85.0 ± 7.1 years), had a lower body mass index (median: 18.1 kg/m2, range: 16.1-20.5 kg/m2), had a higher modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (median: 2, range: 2-2), and had a lower calf circumference (mean: 26.8 ± 3.6 cm), had a lower geriatric nutritional risk index (mean: 72.2 ± 12.9) than those without high-risk sarcopenia. More patients with a high risk of sarcopenia underwent physiotherapy (93.5%) than those without high-risk sarcopenia (P < 0.01, all). Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with a high risk of sarcopenia had significantly lower overall survival than those without high-risk sarcopenia (log-rank test, P = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis for in-hospital mortality showed that a high risk of sarcopenia significantly affected in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 6.425, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.399-47.299). In addition, logistic regression analysis for each item of SARC-F showed that assistance in walking (OR: 3.931, 95% CI: 1.816-9.617) and rising from a chair (OR: 2.458, 95% CI: 1.235-5.330) significantly affected in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION A high risk of sarcopenia, as assessed using SARC-F at admission, was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in older patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Among the SARC-F items, assistance in walking and rising from a chair were the risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Kakiuchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Inoue
- Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398, Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata-ken, 950-3198, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Kobayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Aoi Ebina
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Gen Nakano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kakehi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Nishihara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe City Nishi-Kobe Medical Center, 5-7-1, Kojidai, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo-ken, 651-2273, Japan
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Otto LA, Froeling M, van Eijk RP, Wadman RI, Cuppen I, van der Woude DR, Bartels B, Asselman FL, Hendrikse J, van der Pol WL. Monitoring Nusinersen Treatment Effects in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Quantitative Muscle MRI. J Neuromuscul Dis 2024; 11:91-101. [PMID: 38073395 PMCID: PMC10789331 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-221671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by deficiency of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Intrathecal nusinersen treatment increases SMN protein in motor neurons and has been shown to improve motor function in symptomatic children with SMA. OBJECTIVE We used quantitative MRI to gain insight in microstructure and fat content of muscle during treatment and to explore its use as biomarker for treatment effect. METHODS We used a quantitative MRI protocol before start of treatment and following the 4th and 6th injection of nusinersen in 8 children with SMA type 2 and 3 during the first year of treatment. The MR protocol allowed DIXON, T2 mapping and diffusion tensor imaging acquisitions. We also assessed muscle strength and motor function scores. RESULTS Fat fraction of all thigh muscles with the exception of the m. adductor longus increased in all patients during treatment (+3.2%, p = 0.02). WaterT2 showed no significant changes over time (-0.7 ms, p = 0.3). DTI parameters MD and AD demonstrate a significant decrease in the hamstrings towards values observed in healthy muscle. CONCLUSIONS Thigh muscles of children with SMA treated with nusinersen showed ongoing fatty infiltration and possible normalization of thigh muscle microstructure during the first year of nusinersen treatment. Quantitative muscle MRI shows potential as biomarker for the effects of SMA treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise A.M. Otto
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Froeling
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben P.A. van Eijk
- Biostatistics & Research Support, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renske I. Wadman
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Cuppen
- Department of Neurology and Child Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danny R. van der Woude
- Department of Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Bartels
- Department of Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Fay-Lynn Asselman
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hendrikse
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W. Ludo van der Pol
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Rodríguez MP, Cabello-Verrugio C. Soluble Factors Associated with Denervation-induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2024; 25:189-199. [PMID: 38018212 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037189827231018092036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue has the critical function of mechanical support protecting the body. In addition, its functions are strongly influenced by the balanced synthesis and degradation processes of structural and regulatory proteins. The inhibition of protein synthesis and/or the activation of catabolism generally determines a pathological state or condition called muscle atrophy, a reduction in muscle mass that results in partial or total loss of function. It has been established that many pathophysiological conditions can cause a decrease in muscle mass. Skeletal muscle innervation involves stable and functional neural interactions with muscles via neuromuscular junctions and is essential for maintaining normal muscle structure and function. Loss of motor innervation induces rapid skeletal muscle fiber degeneration with activation of atrophy-related signaling and subsequent disassembly of sarcomeres, altering normal muscle function. After denervation, an inflammation stage is characterized by the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines that determine muscle atrophy. In this review, we highlighted the impact of some soluble factors on the development of muscle atrophy by denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianny Portal Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility, and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility, and Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Guzmán-David CA, Ruiz-Ávila HA, Camargo-Rojas DA, Gómez-Alegría CJ, Hernández-Álvarez ED. Ultrasound assessment of muscle mass and correlation with clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study. J Ultrasound 2023; 26:879-889. [PMID: 37783892 PMCID: PMC10632208 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-023-00823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Muscular atrophy implies structural and functional alterations related to muscular force production and movement. This condition has been reported to be the main reason for generalized muscle weakness; it reflects the severity of the disease and can have a profound impact on short- and long-term clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether muscle atrophy ultrasound parameters early predict muscle weakness, morbidity, or 28-days mortality. METHODS This was a prospective, observational single center cohort study. Ultrasound was used to determine the cross-sectional area and muscle thickness of the rectus femoris on the first and third day of ICU stay. The main outcome was the incidence of significant muscle atrophy (≥ 10%). RESULTS Ultrasound measurements were made in 31 patients, 58% (18/31) of which showed significant muscle atrophy. The relative loss of muscle mass per day was 1.78 at 5% per day. The presence of muscle atrophy presents increased risk for limb muscle weakness and handgrip weakness. The 28-days mortality rate was similar in both subgroups. CONCLUSION The presence of muscle atrophy presents an increased clinical risk for the development of limb ICUAW and handgrip, although these observations were not statistically significant. The results could be used to plan future studies on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Arvey Guzmán-David
- Master's in Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
- Intensive Care Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (GICI-UN), Bogotá, Colombia.
- Kinesiotherapy Deepening Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Héctor Andrés Ruiz-Ávila
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Intensive Care Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia (GICI-UN), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Alexandra Camargo-Rojas
- Department of Human Body Movement, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Health and Development Research Group, Kinesiology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Edgar Debray Hernández-Álvarez
- Kinesiotherapy Deepening Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Human Body Movement, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Schieffelers DR, Dombrecht D, Lafaire C, De Cuyper L, Rose T, Vandewal M, Meirte J, Gebruers N, van Breda E, Van Daele U. Effects of exercise training on muscle wasting, muscle strength and quality of life in adults with acute burn injury. Burns 2023; 49:1602-1613. [PMID: 37188565 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exercise training during the acute phase of burns is difficult to implement but offers potential benefits. This multicenter trial explored the effects of an exercise program on muscular changes and quality of life during burn center stay. METHODS Fifty-seven adults with burns ranging between 10% and 70% TBSA were allocated to receive either standard of care (n = 29), or additionally exercise (n = 28), consisting of resistance and aerobic training, commenced as early as possible according to safety criteria. Muscle wasting (primary outcome), quantified by ultrasound-derived quadriceps muscle layer thickness (QMLT) and rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RF-CSA), muscle strength and quality of life (Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) and EQ-5D-5L) were assessed at baseline, four and eight weeks later, or hospital discharge. Mixed models were used to analyze between-group changes over time with covariates of interest added in stepwise forward modeling. RESULTS The addition of exercise training to standard of care induced significant improvements in QMLT, RF-CSA, muscle strength and the BSHS-B subscale hand function (ß-coefficient. 0.055 cm/week of QMLT, p = 0.005). No added benefit was observed for other quality-of-life measures. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training, administered during the acute phase of burns, reduced muscle wasting, and improved muscle strength throughout burn center stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Schieffelers
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Dorien Dombrecht
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Cynthia Lafaire
- Burn Unit, ZNA Stuivenberg, Lange Beeldekensstraat 267, 2060 Antwerp, Belgium; OSCARE, Organization for Burns, Scar After-care and Research, Van Roiestraat 18, 2170 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lieve De Cuyper
- Burn Unit, ZNA Stuivenberg, Lange Beeldekensstraat 267, 2060 Antwerp, Belgium; OSCARE, Organization for Burns, Scar After-care and Research, Van Roiestraat 18, 2170 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Thomas Rose
- Burn Unit, Military Hospital Queen Astrid, Rue Bruyn 1, 1120 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martijn Vandewal
- Burn Unit, ZNA Stuivenberg, Lange Beeldekensstraat 267, 2060 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jill Meirte
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; OSCARE, Organization for Burns, Scar After-care and Research, Van Roiestraat 18, 2170 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nick Gebruers
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Multidisciplinary Edema Clinic, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Eric van Breda
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Ulrike Van Daele
- Multidisciplinary Metabolic Research Unit (M2RUN), MOVANT Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; OSCARE, Organization for Burns, Scar After-care and Research, Van Roiestraat 18, 2170 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Valdés-Badilla P, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Hernandez-Martinez J, Núñez-Espinosa C, Delgado-Floody P, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Branco BHM, Zapata-Bastias J, Nobari H. Effectiveness of elastic band training and group-based dance on physical-functional performance in older women with sarcopenia: a pilot study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2113. [PMID: 37891589 PMCID: PMC10604857 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a syndrome associated with aging that causes progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. In this pilot study, we compared the effectiveness of elastic band training regarding group-based dance on fat mass, fat-free mass, handgrip strength (HGS; dominant and non-dominant hand), leg strength, timed up-and-go (TUG) and walking speed in older women with sarcopenia. METHODS This is a randomized controlled trial, single-blind, repeated measures of parallel groups (elastic band group: EBG, n = 21; group-based dance: GBD, n = 19), and a quantitative methodology. Three 60-minute sessions per week for 12 weeks were dedicated to the interventions with pre- and post-assessments. A two-factor mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) model with repeated measures was performed to measure the group×time effect. RESULTS A significant interaction revealed for fat-free mass (F1,16= 18.91; p < 0.001; EBG + 10.9% vs. GBD - 1.97%), HGS dominant hand (F1,16= 7.44; p = 0.014; EBG + 10.9% vs. GBD + 0.59%), HGS non-dominant hand (F1,16= 6.41; p = 0.022; EBG + 10.21% vs. GBD + 3.80%), leg strength (F1,16= 17.98; p < 0.001; EBG + 9.1% vs. GBD + 3.83%), TUG (F1,16= 7.52; p = 0.014; EBG - 14.7% vs. GBD - 1.0%) and walking speed (F1,16 = 6.40; p = 0.019; EBG - 7.6% vs. GBD - 4.35%) in favor of EBG. CONCLUSION Elastic band training produces significantly greater responses on physical-functional performance regarding group-based dance in older women with sarcopenia. On the other hand, the EBG revealed a significant improvement in fat-free mass and upper and lower limb muscle strength, as well as a significant decrease time in TUG, and walking speed. Elastic band exercise is a safe, easy, affordable, and effective physical activity strategy, according to the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, 3530000, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, 2520000, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Eduardo Guzmán-Muñoz
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, 3460000, Chile
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Jordan Hernandez-Martinez
- Programa de Investigación en Deporte, Sociedad y Buen Vivir, Universidad de los Lagos, Osorno, 5290000, Chile
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, 5290000, Chile
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
- Centro Asistencial Docente e Investigación, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Punta Arenas, 6200000, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, 4811230, Chile
- Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain
| | - Tomás Herrera-Valenzuela
- Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, 8370003, Chile
| | | | - José Zapata-Bastias
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, 2520000, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Hadi Nobari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Sahin UK, Şentürk AY. The Relationship between Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Sarcopenia Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2023; 27:250-257. [PMID: 37635673 PMCID: PMC10556709 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.23.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to better understand the relationship between chronic musculoskeletal pain and the risk of sarcopenia in older adults. METHODS The risk of sarcopenia was assessed in 210 older adults using the SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, ascending stairs, and falls) questionnaire. Geriatric pain measures were used to assess pain. We also recorded the pain sites (ankles/feet, wrists/hands, upper back, lower back, neck, shoulder, hips, and knees). RESULTS Participant mean age was 72.4±7 years, and 109 (51.9%) of the participants were female. The prevalence rates of sarcopenia and chronic musculoskeletal pain were 60% and 92.9%, respectively. Older adults at risk of sarcopenia had a higher mean age, body mass index (BMI), number of comorbidities and falls, presence of chronic pain, pain intensity, and pain sites. Sarcopenia risk was correlated with chronic pain intensity (current and last 7 days) (r=0.506, p<0.001 and r=0.584, p< 0.001, respectively), multisite pain (r=0.442, p< 0.001), and Geriatric Pain Measure score (r=0.730; p< 0.001). Age (odds ratio [OR]=1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.2), BMI (OR=1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2), and geriatric pain (OR=1.1; 95% Cl, 1.0-1.1) were associated with sarcopenia risk. CONCLUSIONS The risk of sarcopenia is linked to chronic pain, which frequently occurs in geriatric populations. Our study results also showed that higher pain intensity was associated with a higher risk of sarcopenia. Older adults at risk for sarcopenia often experience chronic musculoskeletal pain, which must be better recognized. Moreover, its significance must be noted in the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulku Kezban Sahin
- Therapy and Rehabilitation, Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Aysun Yağci Şentürk
- Health Care Services, Tonya Vocational School of Higher Education, Trabzon University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Kim MJ, Sinam IS, Siddique Z, Jeon JH, Lee IK. The Link between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Sarcopenia: An Update Focusing on the Role of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:153-163. [PMID: 36635027 PMCID: PMC10040620 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as a progressive loss of muscle mass and function, is typified by mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of mitochondrial resilience. Sarcopenia is associated not only with aging, but also with various metabolic diseases characterized by mitochondrial dyshomeostasis. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are mitochondrial enzymes that inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which controls pyruvate entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent adenosine triphosphate production required for normal cellular activities. PDK4 is upregulated in mitochondrial dysfunction-related metabolic diseases, especially pathologic muscle conditions associated with enhanced muscle proteolysis and aberrant myogenesis. Increases in PDK4 are associated with perturbation of mitochondria-associated membranes and mitochondrial quality control, which are emerging as a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease-associated muscle atrophy. Here, we review how mitochondrial dysfunction affects sarcopenia, focusing on the role of PDK4 in mitochondrial homeostasis. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PDK4 on mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia and show that targeting mitochondria could be a therapeutic target for treating sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ibotombi Singh Sinam
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Zerwa Siddique
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Corresponding author: In-Kyu Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7269 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea E-mail:
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Kızılgöz V, Aydın S, Karavaş E, Kantarcı M, Kahraman Ş. Are paraspinal muscle quantity, lumbar indentation value, and subcutaneous fat thickness related to disc degeneration? An MRI-based study. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:428-435. [PMID: 36812791 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between lumbar disc herniation and Goutallier classification (GC), lumbar indentation value, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. METHODS 102 consecutive patients (59 female and 43 male) with lumbar back pain, numbness, tingling, or pain in the lower extremity indicating radiculopathy who had undergone lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and had an intervertebral disc herniation in the L4-5 level, were included in the study. 102 patients who have undergone lumbar MRI in the same time period and have no disc herniation were chosen to be the control group and were selected so as to match the herniated group for sex and age. All these patients' scans were re-interpreted regarding paraspinal muscle atrophy (using the GC), lumbar indentation value, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in the L4-5 level. RESULTS The Goutallier score was higher in the herniated group, compared with the non-herniated group (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between herniated and non-herniated groups regarding lumbar indentation value (LIV) and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness (SATT). A Goutallier score of 1.5 provided the highest sensitivity x specificity value to indicate the disc herniation according to the statistical results. The individuals with a Goutallier score of 2, 3, and 4 have 2.87 times more likely to have disc herniation in their MRIs than the ones with a score of 0 and 1. CONCLUSION Paraspinal muscle atrophy seems to be related to the presence of disc herniations. The cut-off value of GC to indicate the disc herniation in this study might be useful to predict the risk for disc herniation regarding the Goutallier score. The LIV and SATT measured in magnetic resonance images were randomly distributed between individuals with herniated and non-herniated groups, and statistically, no relationship was observed between these groups regarding these parameters. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The effect of the parameters studied in this research on disc herniations are expected to be an added value to the literature. The awareness of risk factors for intervertebral disc herniations might be used in preventive medicine to predict the risk and understand the tendency of an individual for disc herniations to occur in the future. Further investigations are needed to establish whether there is a causal relationship or correlation between these parameters and disc herniation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kızılgöz
- Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
| | - S Aydın
- Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
| | - E Karavaş
- Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Balıkesir 10200, Turkey.
| | - M Kantarcı
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzurum 25240, Turkey.
| | - Ş Kahraman
- Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Erzincan 24100, Turkey.
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Kim SJ, Baek KW, Jung YK, Kim JS, Kim BG, Yu HS, Park JS, Yoo JI. Changes in aquaporins expression due to acute water restriction in naturally aging mice. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:71-81. [PMID: 36127549 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels in the cell membrane that regulate osmosis in response to rapid changes in intracellular and extracellular fluid concentration caused by extrinsic factors. While there are so many studies on the association of AQPs with muscular atrophy, sarcopenia, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the expression of AQP has not been verified in naturally aging mice or humans. Notably, due to the characteristics of AQPs, the difference in function cannot be evaluated without extrinsic factors such as acute water restriction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in AQPs expression and function due to natural aging under acute water restriction conditions in aging mice. The expression of AQP4 was shown to decrease with aging similar to previous studies. However, for the first time, this study results confirmed that AQP1 expression increased in aging mice. In addition, the expression of Aqp1 decreased in the acute water restricted group compared to the control group after acute water restriction in aging mice. These results suggest that although the expression of AQP1 increases with aging, its function is reduced. We also confirmed that overexpression of Aqp1 can inhibit myotube differentiation and that knockdown can promote myotube differentiation through in vitro experiments. In conclusion, based on our results, we suggest that the AQP1 is an important factor in sarcopenia caused by natural aging accompanied by chronic dehydration.
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11
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Hartog J, Dijkstra S, Dieperink W, Hoekstra T, Fleer J, van der Woude LHV, van der Harst P, Nijsten M, Mariani MA, Blokzijl F. Muscle strength trajectories and their association with postoperative health-related quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a prospective cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:20. [PMID: 36646994 PMCID: PMC9841699 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with sarcopenia have a higher risk of poor recovery after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Little is known about the impact of changes in muscle strength (the primary indicator for sarcopenia) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). This study aimed to (1) identify subgroups with different muscle strength trajectories, (2) identify differences in preoperative risk factors among trajectory group membership, and (3) explore their prognostic value on postoperative HR-QoL in patients undergoing CABG. METHODS In this prospective observational study 131 patients undergoing elective CABG completed grip strength tests and HR-QoL questionnaires. Latent Class Growth Mixture Modelling (LCGMM) was used to identify clinically relevant trajectories (> 5% of study population) for weight-normalised grip strength, measured at admission, 3 days, and 6 months after surgery. Differences between trajectory group membership at baseline were evaluated. The impact of trajectory group membership on postoperative HR-QoL was evaluated with multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Due to low numbers (n = 15), female patients were excluded from LCGMM and subsequent statistical analyses. In males (n = 116), we identified two main weight-normalised grip strength trajectories: a "stable average" trajectory with a slight decline immediately post-surgery and recovery to preoperative levels (n = 85) and a "high" trajectory with a considerable immediate decline after surgery but followed towards a higher level of recovery compared to preoperative level (n = 27). The "stable average" patients were older (68 vs. 57 years; P = 0.003), had more diabetes (27% vs. 4%; P = 0.01) and had a higher BMI (27.8 vs. 24.8; P = 0.005) compared to the "high" group. After correction for age, diabetes, and baseline HR-QoL, group trajectory membership was not associated with postoperative HR-QoL, yet an increase in individual change scores of weight-normalised grip strength was associated with a better postoperative HR-QoL. We also identified one small trajectory group (n = 4, ≤ 5%). CONCLUSIONS This study showed two relevant weight-normalised grip strength trajectories in male patients undergoing CABG, varying in important preoperative risk factors. While change scores of grip strength per weight did predict postoperative HR-QoL, the trajectory subgroups could not predict postoperative HR-QoL. Future research should focus on female patients, reacting potentially different on CABG and/or rehabilitation treatment. Trial registration NCT03774342, 12-12-2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanneke Hartog
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, AB41, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Dijkstra
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, AB41, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Dieperink
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.411989.c0000 0000 8505 0496Research Group Nursing Diagnostics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Trynke Hoekstra
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Health Sciences and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Fleer
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas H. V. van der Woude
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.7692.a0000000090126352Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Nijsten
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Critical Care, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo A. Mariani
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, AB41, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fredrike Blokzijl
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, AB41, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.411989.c0000 0000 8505 0496Research Group Nursing Diagnostics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Bäcker HC, Bock J, Turner P, Johnson MA, Cunningham J, Chan P, Gerraty R. Juvenile muscular atrophy of the distal upper extremity (Hirayama syndrome): a systematic review. Eur Spine J 2022; 31:3296-307. [PMID: 35727373 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hirayama syndrome is likely caused by a forward displacement of the posterior dura during cervical flexion leading to changes in the muscles of the fingers and wrist. The aim of this systematic review was to document the number of reported cases, the necessity of dynamic MRI of the cervical spine and the subsequent treatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS A systematic review was conducted and the Pubmed/Medbase, Cochrane, Google, Embase and Ovid database were searched for (Hirayama) AND ((disease) OR (syndrome)). A total of 42 studies were included for analysis reporting 2311 patients. RESULTS The mean age was 20.2 ± 2.26 years and predominantly males (92.8%) were identified. On MRI the "snake eyes" appearance of the spinal cord was present in 27.8% and the typical time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 41.5 ± 16.4 months. A variety of different treatments have been reported, although there is no substantial evidence that any of them are superior to observation. CONCLUSION The delay in diagnosis from initial presentation of symptoms shows that this condition may be underdiagnosed in a variety of cases. Further, this study shows the necessity of either a dynamic MRI in flexion or a static MRI scan in neutral position and in flexion, to identify functional spinal and/or foraminal stenosis for a prompt diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
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Yoshihara T, Dobashi S, Takaragawa M, Naito H. Effect of losartan treatment on Smad signaling and recovery from hindlimb unloading-induced soleus muscle atrophy in female rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175223. [PMID: 35988789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, exerts protective effect on soleus muscle atrophy in female rats. Thus, we aimed to examine the effect of losartan treatment on the recovery of atrophied soleus muscles. Female Wistar rats were subjected to hindlimb unloading for 7 d and then reloading for 7 d with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; n = 9) or losartan (40 mg/kg/day; n = 9). The soleus muscles were removed at rest (sedentary control [SED]; n = 9), after 7 d of hindlimb unloading (HU; n = 9), and after 7 d of reloading (HUR-PBS or HUR-LOS; n = 9 each). The absolute and relative weights, and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) of the soleus muscles of rats in the HU group were significantly reduced as compared to those of the rats in the SED group at 7 d post-hindlimb unloading. Seven days of reloading significantly increased the muscle weights of rats in the HUR-PBS and HUR-LOS groups, with the recovery rate of the absolute muscle weight and type I fiber CSA being significantly higher in the HUR-LOS group (6.1% and 10.1%, respectively) than in the HUR-PBS group (4.7% and 5.2%, respectively) (p < 0.05). Moreover, the absolute and relative muscle weight in HUR-PBS were lower than SED; however, no significant difference was observed between the SED and HUR-LOS groups. CSAs of type I and IIa fiber were significantly higher in the HUR-LOS group than in the HU group. Losartan administration during reloading resulted in increased Smad1/5/8 and mTOR signaling and decreased Smad2/3 signaling and protein ubiquitination, facilitating the recovery of atrophied soleus muscle. Therefore, losartan administration-induced muscle recovery may partially be attributed to enhanced Smad1/5/8 and mTOR signaling activation, and reduced activation of canonical TGF-β signaling (Smad2/3) in the soleus muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Shohei Dobashi
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuki Takaragawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan; Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan; Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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14
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Bao W, Yang J, Li M, Chen K, Ma Z, Bai Y, Xu Y. Prevention of muscle atrophy in ICU patients without nerve injury by neuromuscular electrical stimulation: a randomized controlled study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:780. [PMID: 35974369 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extensive muscle atrophy is a common occurrence in orthopaedics patients who are bedridden or immobilized. The incidence is higher in intensive care unit (ICU) inpatients. There is still controversy about how to use neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in ICU patients. We aim to compare the effectiveness and safety of NMES to prevent muscle atrophy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients without nerve injury. Methods ICU patients without central and peripheral nerve injury were randomized into experimental group I (Exp I: active and passive activity training (APAT) + NMES treatment on the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscle), experimental group II (Exp II: APAT + NMES treatment on gastrocnemius alone), and control group (Ctl: APAT alone). Changes in the strength of gastrocnemius, the ankle range of motion, and the muscle cross-section area of the lower leg were evaluated before and after the intervention. Also, changes in prothrombin time, lactic acid, and C-reactive protein were monitored during the treatment. Results The gastrocnemius muscle strength, ankle joint range of motion, and cross-sectional muscle area of the lower leg in the three groups showed a downward trend, indicating that the overall trend of muscle atrophy in ICU patients was irreversible. The decrease in gastrocnemius muscle strength in Exp I and Exp II was smaller than that in the control group (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between Exp I and Exp II. The decrease in active ankle range of motion and cross-sectional area of the lower leg Exp I and Exp II was smaller than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the decrease in Exp I was smaller than that of Exp II (all P < 0.05). The curative effect in Exp I was better than in Exp II. There were no significant differences in the dynamic changes of prothrombin time, lactic acid, and C-reactive protein during the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion In addition to early exercise training, NMES should be applied to prevent muscle atrophy for patients without nerve injury in ICU. Also, simultaneous NMES treatment on agonist/antagonist muscle can enhance the effect of preventing muscle atrophy. Trial registration This study was prospectively registered in China Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn) on 16/05/2020 as ChiCTR2000032950.
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Qu S, Ma N, Wang W, Chen S, Wu Q, Li Y, Yang Z. Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Delay Muscular Atrophy after Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats. Cell Biochem Biophys 2022. [PMID: 35802247 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-022-01082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given that denervation atrophy often occurs in muscle after peripheral nerve injury, the effects of injections of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into muscle after peripheral nerve injury were examined. METHODS hADSCs were isolated from human subcutaneous fat tissue, and PRP was prepared from rat whole blood before injection into a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Muscle atrophy was evaluated by quantitating the gross musculature and muscle fiber area and walking footprint analysis. RESULTS At 4 weeks post-surgery, there were significant differences in the sciatic functional index between experimental (injected with hADSCs, PRP, or combined hADSCs + PRP) and non-operated groups (p < 0.0001), but no significant differences were observed between the different treatment groups (p > 0.05). Post hoc Bonferroni tests also showed significant differences in the wet muscle weight ratios of hADSC, PRP, and combined groups compared to PBS group. The gastrocnemius muscle fiber area was larger in hADSC group and the combined group compared to PBS group at 4 weeks post-surgery. CONCLUSION The injection of hADSCs delays muscular atrophy after sciatic nerve injury in rats; thus, hADSCs are a promising alternative for regenerating atrophied muscle.
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Kondo T, Ishida T, Ye K, Muraguchi M, Tanimura Y, Yoshida M, Ishiuchi K, Abe T, Nikawa T, Hagihara K, Hayashi H, Makino T. Suppressive effects of processed aconite root on dexamethasone-induced muscle ring finger protein-1 expression and its active ingredients. J Nat Med 2022; 76:594-604. [PMID: 35178660 PMCID: PMC10008256 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Processed aconite root (PA), the tuberous root of Aconitum carmichaelii prepared by autoclaving, is a crude drug used in Japanese traditional Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine for the symptoms of kidney deficiency, that is related to the muscle atrophy in modern medicine. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of PA on muscle atrophy and to find its active ingredients using dexamethasone-induced muscle ring finger protein-1 (MuRF1) mRNA expression in murine myoblast C2C12 cells. Dexamethasone-induced MuRF1 expression was significantly suppressed by methanol-soluble part of boiling water extract of PA in a concentration-dependent manner with its IC50 value of 1.5 mg/ml. By the activity-guided fractionations of PA extract using the partition between organic solvents and its aqueous solution, the activity of PA did not transfer into the fraction containing aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloids but into BuOH layer. Then, we found higenamine and salsolinol as the active ingredients in PA. Higenamine and salsolinol significantly suppressed dexamethasone-induced MuRF1 expression, and their IC50 values were 0.49 and 50 µM, respectively. The contents of higenamine and salsolinol in the decoctions of commercially available fourteen PA products are 0.12 and 14 µg/ml as the average values, and varied with the coefficient of variation (CV) values of 97 and 63%, respectively. Higenamine also significantly suppressed dexamethasone-induced mRNA expressions of muscle atrophy F-box protein (MAFbx)/atrogin1, casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b (Cbl-b), troponin, branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase 2 (BCAT2), and Bcl-2 binding and pro-apoptotic protein3 (Bnip3). Although the quality control of PA is regulated by the contents of diterpene alkaloids, salsolinol and higenamine can be used as the marker compounds to certificate the pharmacological activities of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taishi Kondo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ishida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Ke Ye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Marin Muraguchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yohei Tanimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Masato Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoki Abe
- Healthy Food Science Research Group, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nikawa
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Medical Nutrition, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hagihara
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Hayashi
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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Park MJ, Kim JW, Roh E, Choi KM, Baik SH, Hwang HJ, Yoo HJ. Sestrin2 Regulates Beneficial β3-Adrenergic Receptor-Mediated Effects Observed in Inguinal White Adipose Tissue and Soleus Muscle. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:552-557. [PMID: 35798554 PMCID: PMC9262693 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2022.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sestrin2, a well-known adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulator, plays a protective role against metabolic stress. The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3AR) induces fat browning and inhibits muscle atrophy in an AMPK-dependent manner. However, no prior research has examined the relationship of sestrin2 with β3AR in body composition changes. In this study, CL 316,243 (CL), a β3AR agonist, was administered to wild-type and sestrin2-knockout (KO) mice for 2 weeks, and fat and muscle tissues were harvested. CL induced AMPK phosphorylation, expression of brown-fat markers, and mitochondrial biogenesis, which resulted in the reduction of lipid droplet size in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). These effects were not observed in sestrin2-KO mice. In CL-treated soleus muscle, sestrin2-KO was related to decreased myogenic gene expression and increased levels of muscle atrophy-related molecules. Our results suggest that sestrin2 is associated with beneficial β3AR-mediated changes in body composition, especially in iWAT and in the soleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Won Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Roh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwan-Jin Hwang
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Hwan-Jin Hwang BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea Tel: +82-2-2626-1971, Fax: +82-2-2626-1096, E-mail:
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding authors: Hye Jin Yoo Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, 148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea Tel: +82-2-2626-3045, Fax: +82-2-2626-1096, E-mail:
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Kikuchi Y, Miyamori D, Kanno K, Tazuma S, Kimura H, Yoshimura K, Serikawa M, Chayama K, Ito M. Clinical utility of computed tomography-based evaluation of trunk muscles in primary sclerosing cholangitis. Jpn J Radiol 2022; 40:1053-1060. [PMID: 35523920 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-022-01283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcopenia is well recognized as a prognostic factor of chronic liver diseases. However, its impact on the clinical course of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the importance of trunk muscles evaluated by computed tomography (CT) in the pathophysiology of patients with PSC. MATERIALS AND METHODS 22 PSC patients (12 men, mean age 42.8 years) were enrolled in this study. Patients who died of hepatic failure or had to receive liver transplantation were defined as event group. 44 age- and gender-matched individuals without hepatic disorder were served as controls. At the level of third lumbar vertebrae, the area of psoas muscle and trunk muscle as well as the CT values of multifidus muscle and subcutaneous fat were evaluated. Based on these, skeletal muscle index (SMI), psoas muscle mass index (PMI) and intramuscular adipose tissue content (IMAC) were calculated. Then we analyzed the relationship between these parameters and laboratory data, Fibrosis-4 index, MELD score and Mayo risk score. RESULTS At baseline evaluation, SMI and PMI were statistically lower in male PSC patients compared with those in controls (P < 0.05). In male PSC, regarding the laboratory data, PMI was associated with total bilirubin, ALT, ALP, and platelet count (P < 0.05). We found close relationship between PMI and MELD score (R2 = 0.42, P = 0.02). PMI also decreased statistically in male Event group than in non-event group (4.85 vs 7.20, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle mass evaluated by CT scan can be suitable for evaluating clinical and prognostic marker in male PSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kikuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyamori
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keishi Kanno
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Susumu Tazuma
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshimura
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Serikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Collaborative Research Laboratory of Medical Innovation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Ito
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Liu AY, Zhang QB, Zhou Y, Wang F. [Role of autophagy in the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2022; 35:374-378. [PMID: 35485157 DOI: 10.12200/j.issn.1003-0034.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an important exercise and energy metabolism organ of the human body, the normal maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is essential for the body to perform normal physiological functions. The autophagy-lysosome (AL) pathway is a physiological or pathological mechanism that is ubiquitous in normal and diseased cells. It plays a key role in the maintaining of protein balance, removing damaged organelles, and the stability of internal environment. The smooth progress of the autophagy process needs to go through multiple steps, which are completed under the coordinated action of multiple factors. Autophagy maintains the muscle homeostasis of a healthy body by removing cell components such as damaged myofibrils and isolated cytoplasmic proteins. Autophagy could also provide the initial energy required for cell proliferation, promote muscle regeneration and remodeling after injury. At the same time, autophagy disorder is also an important cause of age-related skeletal muscle atrophy. Autophagy could affect the response of skeletal muscle to exercise, and increasing the level of basic autophagy is beneficial to improve the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to exercise. This article summarizes the role and pathways of autophagy in the maintenance of skeletal muscle quality, in order to provide effective rehabilitation strategies for clinical prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Quan-Bing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
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20
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Yoshihara T, Takaragawa M, Dobashi S, Naito H. Losartan treatment attenuates hindlimb unloading-induced atrophy in the soleus muscle of female rats via canonical TGF-β signaling. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:6. [PMID: 35264097 PMCID: PMC10717208 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the protective effect of losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, on soleus muscle atrophy. Age-matched male and female Wistar rats were subjected to hindlimb unloading, and the soleus muscle was removed on days 1 and 7 for analysis. Females showed greater reductions in relative weight and myofiber cross-sectional area of the soleus muscle than males on day 7 post-hindlimb unloading. Losartan partially protected females against muscle atrophy. Activation of the canonical TGF-β signaling pathway, assessed via Smad2/3 phosphorylation, was lower in females following losartan treatment and associated with lower levels of protein ubiquitination after 1 (myofibril) and 7 (cytosol) days of unloading. However, no effect was observed in non-canonical TGF-β signaling (p44/p42 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation) in males or females during unloading. Our results suggest that losartan provides partial protection against hindlimb unloading-induced soleus muscle atrophy in female rats, possibly associated with decreased canonical TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Takaragawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shohei Dobashi
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Takaoka Y, Goto K, Kuroda Y, Toshiyuki K, Okuzu Y, Makoto H, Kazuki O, Matsuda S. Radiodensity measurement is feasible for evaluating fatty infiltration in hip abductors. J Orthop 2022; 30:93-97. [PMID: 35241895 PMCID: PMC8885799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to compare radiodensity measurements and Goutallier grading systems for the evaluation of fatty infiltration in hip abductors. METHODS The radiodensity of the gluteus minimus and medius muscles was measured in 80 hips of 40 patients. These muscles were graded for fatty infiltration using three five-grade classification systems: the original Goutallier classification on both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a new objective classification based on the percentage of the functional muscle area (defined as 30-100 Hounsfield units). After measuring and grading the abductors, correlation coefficients between them were analyzed. RESULTS Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (ρ) between radiodensity measurements of abductors and the Goutallier classification on CT and MRI were -0.701 and -0.552 for the gluteus minimus and -0.832 and -0.740 for the gluteus medius, respectively. Our new classification had correlation coefficients of -0.844 and -0.926 for the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Radiodensity measurements showed a strong correlation with the grading systems, particularly with the new classification based on the percentage of the functional muscle area. Considering the subjective nature of the original Goutallier grading systems, we conclude that radiodensity assessment is feasible and more objective for evaluating fatty infiltration in hip abductors.
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22
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AlSudais H, Rajgara R, Saleh A, Wiper-Bergeron N. C/EBPβ promotes the expression of atrophy-inducing factors by tumours and is a central regulator of cancer cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:743-757. [PMID: 35014202 PMCID: PMC8818591 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) is a transcription factor whose high expression in human cancers is associated with tumour aggressiveness and poor outcomes. Most advanced cancer patients will develop cachexia, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass. In response to secreted factors from cachexia-inducing tumours, C/EBPβ is stimulated in muscle, leading to both myofibre atrophy and the inhibition of muscle regeneration. Involved in the regulation of immune responses, C/EBPβ induces the expression of many secreted factors, including cytokines. Because tumour-secreted factors drive cachexia and aggressive tumours have higher expression of C/EBPβ, we examined a potential role for C/EBPβ in the expression of tumour-derived cachexia-inducing factors. METHODS We used gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the role of tumour C/EBPβ expression on the secretion of cachexia-inducing factors. RESULTS We report that C/EBPβ overexpression up-regulates the expression of 260 secreted protein genes, resulting in a secretome that inhibits myogenic differentiation (-31%, P < 0.05) and myotube maturation [-38% (fusion index) and -25% (myotube diameter), P < 0.05]. We find that knockdown of C/EBPβ in cachexia-inducing Lewis lung carcinoma cells restores myogenic differentiation (+25%, P < 0.0001) and myotube diameter (+90%, P < 0.0001) in conditioned medium experiments and, in vivo, prevents muscle wasting (-51% for small myofibres vs. controls, P < 0.01; +140% for large myofibres, P < 0.01). Conversely, overexpression of C/EBPβ in non-cachectic tumours converts their secretome into a cachexia-inducing one, resulting in reduced myotube diameter (-41%, P < 0.0001, EL4 model) and inhibition of differentiation in culture (-26%, P < 0.01, EL4 model) and muscle wasting in vivo (+98% small fibres, P < 0.001; -76% large fibres, P < 0.001). Comparison of the differently expressed transcripts coding for secreted proteins in C/EBPβ-overexpressing myoblasts with the secretome from 27 different types of human cancers revealed ~18% similarity between C/EBPβ-regulated secreted proteins and those secreted by highly cachectic tumours (brain, pancreatic, and stomach cancers). At the protein level, we identified 16 novel secreted factors that are present in human cancer secretomes and are up-regulated by C/EBPβ. Of these, we tested the effect of three factors (SERPINF1, TNFRSF11B, and CD93) on myotubes and found that all had atrophic potential (-33 to -36% for myotube diameter, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS We find that C/EBPβ is necessary and sufficient to induce the secretion of cachexia-inducing factors by cancer cells and loss of C/EBPβ in tumours attenuates muscle atrophy in an animal model of cancer cachexia. Our findings establish C/EBPβ as a central regulator of cancer cachexia and an important therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamood AlSudais
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rashida Rajgara
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aisha Saleh
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadine Wiper-Bergeron
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Xie K, Xiong H, Xiao W, Xiong Z, Hu W, Ye J, Xu N, Shi J, Yuan C, Chen Z, Miao D, Zhang X, Yang H. Downregulation of miR-29c promotes muscle wasting by modulating the activity of leukemia inhibitory factor in lung cancer cachexia. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:627. [PMID: 34838029 PMCID: PMC8626920 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cachexia is a wasting disorder characterized by significant weight loss, and is attributed to skeletal muscle weakness. In the process of cancer development, microRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Moreover, they are implicated in muscle development and wasting. This study sought to explore the mechanisms and correlation between miR-29c and muscle wasting in lung cancer cachexia. METHODS Data for expression analysis were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. qRT-PCR analyses were performed to explore the expression levels of miR-29c and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF). Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell line was used to establish a cachexia model to explore the functions of miR-29c and LIF in lung cancer cachexia. Furthermore, in vitro (in C2C12 myotubes) and in vivo (in LLC tumor-bearing mice) experiments were performed to explore the mechanisms of miR-29c and LIF in lung cachexia. RESULTS Analysis of the lung cancer cachexia model showed that miR-29c was down-regulated, and its expression was negatively correlated with muscle catabolic activity. Overexpression of miR-29c mitigated the cachectic phenotype. Mechanistic studies showed that LIF was a direct target gene of miR-29c, and LIF was upregulated in vitro and in vivo. Analysis showed that LIF promoted muscle wasting through the JAK/STAT and MAP-kinase pathways. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that miR-29c was negatively correlated with the cachectic phenotype, and the miR-29c-LIF axis is a potential therapeutic target for cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairu Xie
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China. .,Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hairong Xiong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaxin Ye
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Changfei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Daojia Miao
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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24
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Hartog J, Dijkstra S, Fleer J, van der Harst P, Mariani MA, van der Woude LHV. A portable isometric knee extensor strength testing device: test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of the Q-Force ӀӀ in healthy adults. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:966. [PMID: 34798859 PMCID: PMC8602994 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although knee extensors are essential in daily activities (e.g. walking, climbing stairs), knee extensor strength is often not measured in clinical settings. Existing devices to test muscle strength are not always suitable to accurately measure the high forces of this muscle group. Therefore, a device to test muscle strength that is convenient, feasible, reliable, and valid in clinical settings is required. This study evaluated the reliability, responsiveness, and level of discomfort of the newly developed Q-Force ӀӀ (i.e. a portable device to measure isometric knee extensor strength) in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults. METHODS Participants (n = 22) conducted two standardized test sessions on the Q-Force ӀӀ (five to ten days apart). Each session consisted of one familiarisation trial followed by three trials of peak isometric knee extension per each leg. Per trial, peak and mean knee extension force (N) and torque (Nm) were measured at 90° flexion. The level of discomfort was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS: 0-100). Intra Class Correlation (ICC, model: two-way mixed with absolute agreement), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were determined. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine between-test variation. RESULTS Excellent test-retest (ICC > 0.95) and inter-trial (ICC > 0.91) reliability for both legs were shown. No significant differences were found in peak and mean knee forces and torques between test and retest of both legs, indicating good test-retest reliability (P-value range: 0.360-0.538; F(1,21) range: 0.4-0.9). The SEM of the peak and mean forces and torques ranged from 28.0 to 30.4 N (6.0-6.8%) and from 9.2 to 10.4 Nm (6.4-7.7%), respectively. The MDC for these outcomes ranged respectively from 77.6 to 84.1 N (16.5-18.8%) and from 25.5 to 28.9 Nm (17.6-21.4%). The level of discomfort was low (median range: 7-10, IQR: 4-18). CONCLUSION The portable Q-Force ӀӀ is a comfortable, responsive, and relatively cheap device with excellent test-retest reliability. This device would be potentially suitable to measure isometric knee extensor strength in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanneke Hartog
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sandra Dijkstra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Fleer
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Massimo A Mariani
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas H V van der Woude
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
- School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Shrager JB, Wang Y, Lee M, Nesbit S, Trope W, Konsker H, Fatodu E, Berry MS, Poulstides G, Norton J, Burdon T, Backhus L, Cooke R, Tang H. Rationale and design of a mechanistic clinical trial of JAK inhibition to prevent ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Respir Med 2021; 189:106620. [PMID: 34655959 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) is an important phenomenon that has been repeatedly demonstrated in experimental and clinical models of mechanical ventilation. Even a few hours of MV initiates signaling cascades that result in, first, reduced specific force, and later, atrophy of diaphragm muscle fibers. This severe, progressive weakness of the critical ventilatory muscle results in increased duration of MV and thus increased MV-associated complications/deaths. A drug that could prevent VIDD would likely have a major positive impact on intensive care unit outcomes. We identified the JAK/STAT pathway as important in VIDD and then demonstrated that JAK inhibition prevents VIDD in rats. We subsequently developed a clinical model of VIDD demonstrating reduced contractile force of isolated diaphragm fibers harvested after ∼7 vs ∼1 h of MV during a thoracic surgical procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The NIH-funded clinical trial that has been initiated is a prospective, placebo controlled trial: subjects undergoing esophagectomy are randomized to receive 6 preoperative doses of the FDA-approved JAK inhibitor Tofacitinib (commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis) vs. placebo. The primary outcome variable will be the difference in the reduction that occurs in force generation of diaphragm single muscle fibers (normalized to their cross-sectional area), in the Tofacitinib vs. placebo subjects, over 6 h of MV. DISCUSSION This trial represents a first-in-human, mechanistic clinical trial of a drug to prevent VIDD. It will provide proof-of-concept in human subjects whether JAK inhibition prevents clinical VIDD, and if successful, will support an ICU-based clinical trial that would determine whether JAK inhibition impacts clinical outcome variables such as duration of MV and mortality.
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Sung MJ, Lim TS, Jeon MY, Lee HW, Kim BK, Kim DY, Ahn SH, Han KH, Park JY, Kim SU. Sarcopenia Is Independently Associated with the Degree of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Gut Liver 2021; 14:626-635. [PMID: 32135582 PMCID: PMC7492504 DOI: 10.5009/gnl19126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Sarcopenia is associated with liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis B. We investigated the association between sarcopenia and hepatic fibrotic burden in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Patients with T2DM who had received a comprehensive medical health check-up were recruited. Muscle mass was assessed using computed tomography. Fibrotic burden was assessed using the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4). The study population was divided by quartile stratification of the lumbar skeletal muscle index (LSMI). Results Among 309 patients with T2DM, 75 (24.3%) had sarcopenia. These patients were significantly older and had higher FIB-4, whereas they had significantly lower body mass index (BMI) and LSMI than patients without sarcopenia (all p<0.05). The LSMI showed a significant negative correlation with the FIB-4 when analyzed in terms of quartile stratification (p=0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that female sex and higher BMI were independently associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 0.388; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.199 to 0.755 and OR, 0.704; 95% CI, 0.618 to 0.801; all p<0.05), whereas a higher FIB-4 was independently associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia (OR, 1.817; 95% CI, 1.180 to 2.797; p=0.007). Among patients with a BMI <25 kg/m2 (n=165), those with sarcopenia (n=54, 32.7%) had a significantly higher FIB-4 than those without (n=111, 67.3%; 1.66 vs 1.38, p=0.004). Conclusions Sarcopenia is independently associated with fibrotic burden in patients with T2DM. Further studies should investigate whether the improvement of sarcopenia can ameliorate liver fibrosis in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Je Sung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Seop Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Young Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyub Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tan Z, Zhao Y, Jin Z, Li G, Xu L, Li W, Liang Y, Wang S, Zhu Q. The relationship between muscular atrophy/sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly: a bibliometrics study. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10:9136-9148. [PMID: 34488399 DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-2144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the aging population continues to increase worldwide, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and muscular dystrophy/sarcopenia in the elderly has escalated significantly. Cardiovascular diseases elevate the risk of muscular atrophy/sarcopenia, which results in increased disability and mortality of patients. This study analyzed the current available literature related to the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and muscular atrophy/sarcopenia in the aging population. METHODS The Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database was searched for related literature published between 1900 and March 14, 2021. The subject search was performed using the search terms "muscular atrophy" and "sarcopenia". The search formula was "muscular atrophy OR sarcopenia". The search scope was limited to "cardiovascular diseases OR cardiac & cardiovascular systems". All search results and cited references were exported in plain text format and Citespace software was used to analyze the publications in terms of year of publication, country and institution, journal of publication, authors, and keywords. RESULTS A total of 1,004 related research documents were obtained, with a citation frequency of 26,705 times. The top five countries for the highest number of published documents were the United States, Japan, Germany, South Korea, and Italy. The top five countries involved in research cooperation were the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Germany, however, overall, there was little cooperation between countries, institutions, and authors. A number of researchers from Germany published the most documents. The author with the most cited publication was Cruz-Jentoft et al. from Spain, which deserves special attention. Professional journals of in the field of geriatrics play a significant role in this research topic. Analysis of the keywords showed that current researchers are mainly concerned with the associated risk of death. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between muscular atrophy/sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases is currently a hot topic of research in geriatrics and cardiovascular disease, and further studies examining the mechanisms involved and potential prevention strategies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Tan
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Yunchun Zhao
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengmin Jin
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Genyu Li
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Li Xu
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Wenli Li
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Yunhua Liang
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Cadre Ward, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, China
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González-Seguel F, Pinto-Concha JJ, Ríos-Castro F, Silva-Gutiérrez A, Camus-Molina A, Mayer KP, Parry SM. Evaluating a Muscle Ultrasound Education Program: Theoretical Knowledge, Hands-on Skills, Reliability, and Satisfaction of Critical Care Physiotherapists. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2021; 3:100142. [PMID: 34589692 PMCID: PMC8463476 DOI: 10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate learning results of critical care physiotherapists participating in a muscle ultrasound (MUS) educational program. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING A custom-made 20-hour MUS course was performed over a 2-week time period, including knobs familiarization, patient positioning, anatomic landmarks, image acquisition, and limb muscle measurements. PARTICIPANTS Nineteen critical care physiotherapists with little to no prior experience in ultrasound (N=19). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Theoretical knowledge, hands-on skills acquisition, and satisfaction were assessed. Inter- and intrarater reliability on landmarks, thickness, and pennation angle of quadriceps between participants was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Reliability among instructors measured prior to the course was also reported as a reference. RESULTS The percentage score (mean±SD) of knowledge questionnaires was 69±11 (pre-course), 89±10 (post-course), and 92±9 (hands-on skills). Course satisfaction scores ranged from 90%-100%. Pooled interrater reliability of participants (median ICC [interquartile range]) was good (0.70 [0.59-0.79]) for thickness, moderate (0.47 [0.46-0.92]) for landmarks, and absent (0.00 [0.00-0.05]) for pennation angle and the intrarater reliability was good (0.76 [0.51-0.91]) for thickness and weak (0.35 [0.29-0.52]) for pennation angle. Interrater ICC values for instructors were excellent (0.90) for thickness, good (0.67) for landmarks, and moderate (0.41) for pennation angle and intrarater ICC values were excellent (0.94) for thickness and good (0.75) for pennation angle. CONCLUSIONS Although our sample was quite small and homogeneous, increased theoretical knowledge, high hands-on performance acquisition, and good satisfaction of physiotherapists were observed. Reliability was moderate to excellent for thickness and landmarks and absent to weak for pennation angle. Landmarking and pennation angle remain challenges for physiotherapist training in the application of MUS. Further studies are needed to identify variables that could modify reliability during MUS training.
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Key Words
- CV, coefficient of variation
- Critical care
- Education
- ICC, intraclass correlation coefficient
- ICU, intensive care unit
- IQR, interquartile range
- Knowledge assessment
- MUS, muscle ultrasound
- Muscular atrophy
- PA, pennation angle
- Physiotherapy
- QC, quadriceps complex
- RF, rectus femoris
- Rehabilitation
- SEM, standard error of measurement
- Ultrasonography
- VI, vastus intermedius
- VL, vastus lateralis
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe González-Seguel
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación and Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Francisco Ríos-Castro
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación and Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Agustín Camus-Molina
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación and Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kirby P. Mayer
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Selina M. Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Xu J, Wan CS, Ktoris K, Reijnierse EM, Maier AB. Sarcopenia Is Associated with Mortality in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gerontology 2021; 68:361-376. [PMID: 34315158 DOI: 10.1159/000517099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia can predispose individuals to falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. The prevalence of sarcopenia depends on the population studied and the definition used for the diagnosis. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and mortality and if it is dependent on the population and sarcopenia definition. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane from 1 January 2010 to 6 April 2020 for articles relating to sarcopenia and mortality. Articles were included if they met the following criteria - cohorts with a mean or median age ≥18 years and either of the following sarcopenia definitions: Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS and AWGS2019), European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP and EWGSOP2), Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), International Working Group for Sarcopenia (IWGS), or Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC). Hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) were pooled separately in meta-analyses using a random-effects model, stratified by population (community-dwelling adults, outpatients, inpatients, and nursing home residents). Subgroup analyses were performed for sarcopenia definition and follow-up period. RESULTS Out of 3,025 articles, 57 articles were included in the systematic review and 56 in the meta-analysis (42,108 participants, mean age of 49.4 ± 11.7 to 86.6 ± 1.0 years, 40.3% females). Overall, sarcopenia was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR: 2.00 [95% CI: 1.71, 2.34]; OR: 2.35 [95% CI: 1.64, 3.37]), which was independent of population, sarcopenia definition, and follow-up period in subgroup analyses. CONCLUSIONS Sarcopenia is associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality, independent of population and sarcopenia definition, which highlights the need for screening and early diagnosis in all populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Xu
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ching S Wan
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Nursing Research Institute, St Vincent's Health Network Sydney, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne and Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kiriakos Ktoris
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esmee M Reijnierse
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Healthy Longevity Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Kim KW, Cho JH. Muscular atrophy and weakness in the lower extremities in Behçet’s disease: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:5647-5654. [PMID: 34307620 PMCID: PMC8281428 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i20.5647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Behçet’s disease (BD), very few cases of muscular involvement have been reported previously. The natural history and therapeutic protocol for muscular involvement in BD are obscure due to the low incidence of peripheral neuropathy or myopathy in BD. The purpose of our study was to report a rare case of BD with chronic, focal forms of neuromyopathy and review the relevant literature.
CASE SUMMARY We herein report the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with progressive muscular atrophy and weakness of both thighs 2 years after the presentation of the cardinal symptoms of BD. The past medical history, electrophysiological study, neurological examination, blood tests, magnetic resonance imaging study, and histological exam were performed for the differential diagnosis. Relevant literature on muscular involvement in BD was reviewed. Neurological examination revealed that muscular involvement was predominantly localized in the proximal parts of the lower extremities. Heterogeneous enhancement of several thigh muscles was observed on magnetic resonance imaging, which corresponded with the clinical manifestations. Histological study of one of the enhanced muscles showed denervation atrophy of the muscle with superimposed myopathic changes, while electrophysiological studies only suggested denervation.
CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first case of neurogenic muscular atrophy with a specific set of clinical, radiological, electrophysiological, and histological findings reported in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh-Woon Kim
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Cho
- Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
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31
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von der Höh NH, Schleifenbaum S, Schumann E, Heilmann R, Völker A, Heyde CE. [Etiology, epidemiology, prognosis and biomechanical principles of neuromuscular scoliosis]. Orthopade 2021; 50:608-13. [PMID: 34228159 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-021-04126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Deformity due to neuromuscular disease is often progressive and associated with reduced vital capacity. In general, all treatment should be performed in specialized centers, since invasive measures are associated with an increased morbidity compared to adolescent scoliosis. Derived from the etiology and the resulting biomechanical basis (characteristics), important aspects and considerations arise for all healthcare institutions from the examination interval to the duration of conservative therapy and initiation of surgical therapy. Proper monitoring and assessment are key components to identify curve progression and to achieve preservation or improvement of basic functions.
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Abstract
Cushing syndrome is the result of excessive levels of glucocorticoids. Endogenous Cushing syndrome is rare with an incidence of two to three cases per million per year. Clinically, the presentation consists of a characteristic phenotype including skin symptoms and metabolic manifestations. A frequent co-morbidity with high impact on quality of life is Cushing syndrome associated myopathy. It characteristically affects the proximal myopathy, impairing stair climbing and straightening up. The pathophysiology is complex and involves protein degradation via the forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) pathway, intramuscular fat accumulation, and inactivity-associated muscle atrophy. Surgical remission of Cushing syndrome is the most important step for recovery of muscle function. Restoration depends on age, co-morbidities and postoperative insulin-like growth factor concentrations. At average, functionality remains impaired during the long-term compared to age and sex matched control persons. Growth hormone therapy in individuals with impaired growth hormone secretion could be an option but has not been proved in a randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reincke
- Medical Department IV, LMU-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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33
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Perez AA, Pickhardt PJ, Elton DC, Sandfort V, Summers RM. Fully automated CT imaging biomarkers of bone, muscle, and fat: correcting for the effect of intravenous contrast. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:1229-1235. [PMID: 32948910 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fully automated CT-based algorithms for quantifying bone, muscle, and fat have been validated for unenhanced abdominal scans. The purpose of this study was to determine and correct for the effect of intravenous (IV) contrast on these automated body composition measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initial study cohort consisted of 1211 healthy adults (mean age, 45.2 years; 733 women) undergoing abdominal CT for potential renal donation. Multiphasic CT protocol consisted of pre-contrast, arterial, and parenchymal phases. Fully automated CT-based algorithms for quantifying bone mineral density (BMD, L1 trabecular HU), muscle area and density (L3-level MA and M-HU), and fat (visceral/subcutaneous (V/S) fat ratio) were applied to pre-contrast and parenchymal phases. Effect of IV contrast upon these body composition measures was analyzed. Square of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r2) was generated for each comparison. RESULTS Mean changes (± SD) in L1 BMD, L3-level MA and M-HU, and V/S fat ratio were 26.7 ± 27.2 HU, 2.9 ± 10.2 cm2, 18.8 ± 6.0 HU, - 0.1 ± 0.2, respectively. Good linear correlation between pre- and post-contrast values was observed for all automated measures: BMD (pre = 0.87 × post; r2 = 0.72), MA (pre = 0.98 × post; r2 = 0.92), M-HU (pre = 0.75 × post + 5.7; r2 = 0.75), and V/S (pre = 1.11 × post; r2 = 0.94); p < 0.001 for all r2 values. There were no significant trends according to patient age or gender that required further correction. CONCLUSION Fully automated quantitative tissue measures of bone, muscle, and fat at contrast-enhanced abdominal CT can be correlated with non-contrast equivalents using simple, linear relationships. These findings will facilitate evaluation of mixed CT cohorts involving larger patient populations and could greatly expand the potential for opportunistic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto A Perez
- The University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Perry J Pickhardt
- The University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, E3/311 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53792-3252, USA.
| | - Daniel C Elton
- Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Veit Sandfort
- Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald M Summers
- Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
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34
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Wu K, Mendes PL, Sykes J, Stephenson AL, Mathur S. Limb muscle size and contractile function in adults with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cyst Fibros 2021; 20:e53-e62. [PMID: 33648899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is conflicting evidence regarding the presence of limb muscle impairments in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF), and the factors associated with these muscle impairments. The objectives of this study were to compare limb muscle size and function between adults with CF and healthy controls; and to examine their associations with demographic and clinical variables in adults with CF. METHODS The systematic review was performed using PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they measured any aspect of limb muscle size or function in adults with CF. Meta-analyses were performed to compare muscle variables between CF and healthy controls; and to examine their associations with demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were included, with 747 adults with CF. The meta-analyses showed that adults with CF have smaller thigh muscles [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.57, p<.0011, I2=0%], and lower handgrip strength (SMD = 0.89, p=.0034, I2=74.03%), which was weakly correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (r=0.24, p=.035, I2=0%) and lower in females with CF (SMD = 2.05, p<.0001, I2=0%). There is no significant difference between adults with CF and controls in knee extensor strength (SMD = 0.25, p=.095, I2=42.79%). CONCLUSIONS Leg muscle atrophy and lower handgrip strength were noted. There may be a subgroup of adults with CF with knee extensor (quadriceps) weakness. Future studies are needed to better understand muscle impairments in people with CF; to explore the factors that can predict these muscle impairments; and to investigate their clinical significance in people with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Wu
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Department of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Polyana L Mendes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Gastro/General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Jenna Sykes
- Toronto Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Department of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Anne L Stephenson
- Toronto Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Department of Respirology, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Sunita Mathur
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
Aims The gluteus minimus (GMin) and gluteus medius (GMed) have unique structural and functional segments that may be affected to varying degrees, by end-stage osteoarthritis (OA) and normal ageing. We used data from patients with end-stage OA and matched healthy controls to 1) quantify the atrophy of the GMin and GMed in the two groups and 2) describe the distinct patterns of the fatty infiltration in the different segments of the GMin and GMed in the two groups. Methods A total of 39 patients with end-stage OA and 12 age- and sex frequency-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled in the study. Fatty infiltration within the different segments of the GMin and the GMed was assessed on MRI according to the semiquantitative classification system of Goutallier and normalized cross-sectional areas were measured. Results The GMin was smaller in the OA-group (p < 0.001) compared to the control group, but there was no group difference in the size of the GMed (p = 0.101). Higher levels of fatty infiltration were identified in the anterior segment of the GMin (p = 0.006) and the anterior (p = 0.006) and middle (p = 0.047) segments of the GMed in the OA group. All subjects in the control group had fatty infiltration of the anterior segment of the GMin, but all except one had no fatty infiltration in the entire GMed. Conclusion End-stage OA was associated with significant atrophy of the GMin and higher levels of fatty infiltration, particularly in the anterior segments of the GMin and GMed. Minor fatty infiltration of the anterior segment of GMin appears to be a normal part of ageing. Our study has demonstrated different patterns of atrophy and fatty infiltration between patients with end-stage OA and healthy matched peers. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(1):40–47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Kivle
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Knut Erik Mjaaland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Orthopaedics, Sorlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | | | - Lars Nordsletten
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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McMillan H, Gerber B, Cowling T, Khuu W, Mayer M, Wu J, Maturi B, Klein-Panneton K, Cabalteja C, Lochmüller H. Burden of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) on Patients and Caregivers in Canada. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:553-568. [PMID: 33749617 PMCID: PMC8385498 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness, which occurs in one in 6,000 to 10,000 live births. The burden of SMA on Canadian patients and caregivers is not known. OBJECTIVE To characterize the burden of SMA in Canada as reported by patients and caregivers, including disease and treatment impacts, indirect costs, and caregiver burden. METHODS Surveys were distributed by Cure SMA Canada and Muscular Dystrophy Canada to individuals with SMA and their caregivers. The online surveys were anonymous and completed between January 28 and February 21, 2020. RESULTS 965 patient and 962 caregiver responses met the eligibility criteria. Patients reported SMA subtypes as: type I (25.0%), type II (41.3%), type III (29.3%). Using the EQ-5D, patients were shown to have impaired quality of life with an average health utility index of 0.49 (SD: 0.26). The median expenditure was $4,500 CAD (IQR: $1,587 - $11,000) for assistive devices; $6,800 CAD (IQR: $3,900-$13,000) on health professional services; and $1,200 CAD (IQR: $600 -$3,100) on SMA-related travel and accommodation in the past 12 months. Caregivers reported needing respite care (45.7%), physiotherapy for an injury from a lift/transfer (45.7%), or other health impacts (63.3%). Caregivers reported changes to personal plans, sleep disturbances, and work adjustments, with a mean Caregiver Strain Index score of 7.5 [SD: 3.3]. CONCLUSION SMA in Canada is associated with a significant burden for patients and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.J. McMillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - B. Gerber
- Medlior Health Outcomes Research Ltd., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. Cowling
- Medlior Health Outcomes Research Ltd., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - W. Khuu
- Medlior Health Outcomes Research Ltd., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M. Mayer
- Medlior Health Outcomes Research Ltd., Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J.W. Wu
- Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - B. Maturi
- Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - C. Cabalteja
- Hoffmann-La Roche Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - H. Lochmüller
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Keller N, Paketci C, Edem P, Thiele H, Yis U, Wirth B, Karakaya M. De novo DNM1L variant presenting with severe muscular atrophy, dystonia and sensory neuropathy. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 64:104134. [PMID: 33387674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
DNM1L encodes dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a multi-domain GTPase essential for mitochondrial and peroxisomal division. Autosomal dominant and recessive variants in DNM1L cause encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission 1 (EMPF1), which presents as a complex and clinically heterogeneous neurological disorder of variable severity, often accompanied by seizures. Clinical features are diverse, and no clear phenotype-genotype correlations were drawn to date. DNM1L-related sensory neuropathy has recently been reported as a predominant feature in one case with a de novo variant in the GTPase domain. Herein we present a second case with DNM1L-related sensory neuropathy as the predominant underlying feature without motor neuron involvement, which resulted in severe muscular atrophy and generalized dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Cem Paketci
- Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pinar Edem
- Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uluc Yis
- Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mert Karakaya
- Institute of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Institute of Genetics, and Center for Rare Diseases Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Slim A, Hedhli A, Ouahchi Y, Toujani S, Cheikh Rouhou S, Hadj Taeib S, Mjid M, Merai S, Feki M. [Testosterone and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Rev Mal Respir 2020; 37:790-799. [PMID: 33067077 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testosterone level has been shown to be associated with respiratory function and loss of lean body mass in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between testosterone level and functional respiratory parameters during COPD. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 95 male patients with stable COPD. Functional tests (body plethysmography, six-minute walk test (6MWT), arterial blood gas) were performed in all patients and serum levels of testosterone, prolactin, FSH, LH and C-reactive protein were determined. Lean body mass was measured using bioelectric impedance. RESULTS The average age was 63.78±8.90years. COPD was classified as stage 3 in 38% of cases and stage 4 in 11% of cases, group C in 10% of cases and group D in 18% of cases. The average testosterone was 20.87±8.60nmol/L. A significant positive correlation was found between FEV1 (P=0.005), FVC (P=0.005), FEV1/FVC ratio (P=0.001), lean mass index (P=0.021), and testosterone. However, testosterone was not correlated with 6MWT or blood gas parameters. Similarly, it was not correlated with FSH, LH, prolactin and C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION This study found that serum testosterone level was associated with lung function and lean mass during COPD. Further investigations are required to better evaluate the relationship between COPD and serum testosterone levels and the effect of androgen substitution in lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Slim
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie.
| | - A Hedhli
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Y Ouahchi
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - S Toujani
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - S Cheikh Rouhou
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - S Hadj Taeib
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - M Mjid
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - S Merai
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - M Feki
- Service de pneumologie CHU la Rabta, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, LR18SP02, code postal : 1007, rue Jbel Lakhdar, La Rabta Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisie
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Rocha LC, Jacob CDS, Barbosa GK, Pimentel Neto J, Krause Neto W, Gama EF, Ciena AP. Remodeling of the skeletal muscle and postsynaptic component after short-term joint immobilization and aquatic training. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 154:621-628. [PMID: 32797254 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01910-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Joint immobilization is commonly used as a conservative treatment for osteoarticular and musculotendinous traumas. However, joint immobilization might elicit degenerative effects on the neuromuscular system and muscle atrophy. For this reason, the choice of strategies that mitigate these effects is essential in the post-immobilization period. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of aquatic training on the morphology of muscle fibers and motor endplates of the gastrocnemius muscle in the post-immobilization period. Male Wistar rats (90 days old) were divided into groups: Sedentary: no procedure; Immobilization: joint immobilization protocol (10 days); Immobilization/non-training: joint immobilization protocol (10 days) followed by four weeks without exercise intervention; Immobilization/training: joint immobilization protocol (10 days) and post-immobilization aquatic training (4 weeks). After the procedures, we quantified the cross-sectional area (CSA), volume and numerical density of different myofibers types, and total and stained area and perimeter of the motor endplate. We demonstrate the following main results: (a) short-term joint immobilization resulted in myofibers atrophy; however, we verified a small change in the postsynaptic component; (b) the period of inactivity after immobilization caused severe changes in the motor endplate (lower stained area, stained perimeter, total area, and total perimeter) and maintenance of muscle atrophy due to immobilization; (c) the prescription of post-immobilization exercise proved to be effective in restoring muscle morphology and inducing plasticity in the motor endplate. We conclude that short-term joint immobilization (10 days) results in atrophy type I and II myofibers, in addition to a decline in the total perimeter of the motor endplate. Besides, the post-immobilization period appears to be decisive in muscle and postsynaptic remodeling. Thus, aquatic training is effective in stimulating adjustments associated with muscle hypertrophy and plasticity of the motor endplate during the post-immobilization period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Caetano Rocha
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenue 24A, n 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Jacob
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenue 24A, n 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Klein Barbosa
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenue 24A, n 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Jurandyr Pimentel Neto
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenue 24A, n 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Walter Krause Neto
- Laboratory of Morphoquantitative Studies and Immunohistochemistry, Department of Physical Education, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliane Florencio Gama
- Laboratory of Morphoquantitative Studies and Immunohistochemistry, Department of Physical Education, São Judas Tadeu University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Polican Ciena
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity (LAMAF), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenue 24A, n 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil.
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Bahadir Ulger FE, Illeez OG. The Effect of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae (LSTV) on Paraspinal Muscle Volume in Patients with Low Back Pain. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:944-950. [PMID: 31806558 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To determine if psoas, multifidus, and erector spina muscle volume at intervertebral disc levels differ in patients with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) and low back pain (LBP), and in LBP patients without LSTV. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 101 patients that underwent lumbar spinal MRI due to LBP. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of LSTV, as those with LSTV (LSTV group) and those without LSTV (control group). Those in the LSTV group were classified according to Castellvi classification, and whether or not LSTV was bilateral or unilateral. The lumbar lordosis angle was measured using sagittal T2-weighted MR images. Axial T2-weighted images were used to bilaterally measure psoas, multifidus, and erector spina muscle volume at intervertebral disc levels. RESULTS Among the 101 participants, 33 were male (32.7%) and 68 were female (67.3%). Left multifidus muscle volume at the L4-5 level was significantly lower in the LSTV group than in the control group (p = 0.033). Right and left erector spina muscle volume at the L5-S1 level was significantly lower in the LSTV group than in the control group (right side: p = 0.010; left side: p = 0.003). The mean lumbar lordosis angle was 47.54 ± 12.69° in the LSTV group, versus 35.34 ± 11.53° in the control group (p < 0.001). There were not any significant differences in psoas, multifidus, or erector spina muscle volume between the patients with unilateral and bilateral LSTV (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that paraspinal muscle volume can be used to understand LSTV symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Esra Bahadir Ulger
- Department of Radiology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, E5 Highway Icerenkoy-Atasehir, 34752 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Gulsum Illeez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Baek KW, Jung YK, Kim JS, Park JS, Hah YS, Kim SJ, Yoo JI. Rodent Model of Muscular Atrophy for Sarcopenia Study. J Bone Metab 2020; 27:97-110. [PMID: 32572370 PMCID: PMC7297619 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2020.27.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The hallmark symptom of sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and strength without the loss of overall body weight. Sarcopenia patients are likely to have worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality than do healthy individuals. The sarcopenia population shows an annual increase of ~0.8% in the population after age 50, and the prevalence rate is rapidly increasing with the recent worldwide aging trend. Based on International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, a global classification of disease published by the World Health Organization, issued the disease code (M62.84) given to sarcopenia in 2016. Therefore, it is expected that the study of sarcopenia will be further activated based on the classification of disease codes in the aging society. Several epidemiological studies and meta-analyses have looked at the correlation between the prevalence of sarcopenia and several environmental factors. In addition, studies using cell lines and rodents have been done to understand the biological mechanism of sarcopenia. Laboratory rodent models are widely applicable in sarcopenia studies because of the advantages of time savings, cost saving, and various analytical applications that could not be used for human subjects. The rodent models that can be applied to the sarcopenia research are diverse, but a simple and fast method that can cause atrophy or aging is preferred. Therefore, we will introduce various methods of inducing muscular atrophy in rodent models to be applied to the study of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Wan Baek
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyoengsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Youn-Kwan Jung
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyoengsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ji-Seok Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jin Sung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyoengsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- Biomedical Research Institute, Gyoengsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - So-Jeong Kim
- Department of Convergence of Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyoengsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Blum D, Rodrigues R, Geremia JM, Brenol CV, Vaz MA, Xavier RM. Quadriceps muscle properties in rheumatoid arthritis: insights about muscle morphology, activation and functional capacity. Adv Rheumatol 2020; 60:28. [PMID: 32429993 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-020-00132-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory and chronic autoimmune disease that leads to muscle mass loss and functional capacity impairment, potentiated by physical inactivity. Despite evidences demonstrate neuromuscular impairments in RA patients, aging effects may have masked the results of similar previous studies. The aim of study was to verify (i) the effects of RA on functional capacity and muscle properties in middle-aged patients and (ii) the association between age, clinical characteristics, quadriceps muscle properties and functional capacity. METHODS Thirty-five RA women and 35 healthy age-matched women were compared with the following outcomes: (i) physical activity level through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ); (ii) timed-up and go (TUG) test; (iii) isometric knee extensor muscular strength; and (iv) vastus lateralis muscle activation and muscle architecture (muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length) during an isometric test. An independent Student t-test and partial correlation (controlled by physical activity levels) were performed, with p < 0.05. RESULTS Compared with healthy women, RA presented (i) lower physical activity level (- 29.4%; p < 0.001); (ii) lower isometric knee extensor strength (- 20.5%; p < 0.001); (iii) lower TUG performance (- 21.7%; p < 0.001); (iv) smaller muscle thickness (- 23.3%; p < 0.001) and pennation angle (- 14.1%; p = 0.011). No differences were observed in muscle activation and fascicle length. Finally, the correlation demonstrated that, with exception of TUG, muscle strength and muscle morphology were not associated with age in RA, differently from healthy participants. CONCLUSION Middle-aged RA patients' impairments occurred due to the disease independently of the aging process, except for functional capacity. Physical inactivity may have potentiated these losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Blum
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Centro Universitário da Serra Gaúcha, Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Jeam Marcel Geremia
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claiton Viegas Brenol
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Vaz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Machado Xavier
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Gois AM, Mendonça DMF, Freire MAM, Santos JR. IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MODELS OF AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: AN UPDATED OVERVIEW. Brain Res Bull 2020; 159:32-43. [PMID: 32247802 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of upper motor neurons (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN). Disease affects people all over the world and is more prevalent in men. Patients with ALS develop extensive muscle wasting, paralysis and ultimately death, with a median survival of usually fewer than five years after disease onset. ALS may be sporadic (sALS, 90%) or familial (fALS, 10%). The large majority of fALS cases are associated with genetic alterations, which are mainly related to the genes SOD1, TDP-43, FUS, and C9ORF72. In vitro and in vivo models have helped elucidate ALS etiology and pathogenesis, as well as its molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms. Many studies in cell cultures and animal models, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, zebrafish, rodents, and non-human primates have been performed to clarify the relationship of these genes to ALS disease. However, there are inherent limitations to consider when using experimental models. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the most used in vitro and in vivo studies that have contributed to a better understanding of the different ALS pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auderlan M Gois
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Deise M F Mendonça
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio M Freire
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Society, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Jose R Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana, SE, Brazil.
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Borges RC, Barbeiro HV, Barbeiro DF, Soriano FG. Muscle degradation, vitamin D and systemic inflammation in hospitalized septic patients. J Crit Care 2019; 56:125-131. [PMID: 31896446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To date, the relationship between systemic inflammation and muscle changes observed by ultrasonography in septic patients in clinical studies is not known. Furthermore, the role of vitamin D on muscle changes in these patients needs to be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five patients admitted to the ICU due to severe sepsis or septic shock. Blood samples were collected to evaluate systemic inflammation (interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)) and vitamin D. Muscle mass was evaluated by ultrasound during hospitalization. Clinical tests of muscle strength (Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and handgrip) were performed after the awakening of patients. RESULTS There was a reduction in day 2 values to hospital discharge on TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-6 and IL-10 (p < .05). The muscle mass showed a significant decline from day 6 of the ICU. After awakening, the patients had a significant increase in muscle strength (p < .05). There was a positive association between muscle mass variation (day 2 - ICU) with absolute values of IL-8 (r = 0.38 p = .05). For muscle strength, there was a negative association between handgrip strength with IL-8 (r = -0.36 p < .05) on ICU discharge. The vitamin D showed a positive association with the handgrip strength of the day 1 of the awakening (r = 0.51 p < .05). CONCLUSIONS In septic patients, there is an association between inflammation and changes in muscle mass and strength during ICU stay, which is similar to those observed in experimental studies. In addition, there was an association of vitamin D with recovery of muscle strength during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hermes Vieira Barbeiro
- Laboratory of Clinical Emergencies - 51, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Francisco Garcia Soriano
- University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Internal Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Silva PE, de Cássia Marqueti R, Livino-de-Carvalho K, de Araujo AET, Castro J, da Silva VM, Vieira L, Souza VC, Dantas LO, Cipriano G Jr, Nóbrega OT, Babault N, Durigan JLQ. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critically ill traumatic brain injury patients attenuates muscle atrophy, neurophysiological disorders, and weakness: a randomized controlled trial. J Intensive Care 2019; 7:59. [PMID: 31890221 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-019-0417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Critically ill traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients experience extensive muscle damage during their stay in the intensive care unit. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been considered a promising treatment to reduce the functional and clinical impacts of this. However, the time needed for NMES to produce effects over the muscles is still unclear. This study primarily aimed to assess the time needed and effects of an NMES protocol on muscle architecture, neuromuscular electrophysiological disorder (NED), and muscle strength, and secondarily, to evaluate the effects on plasma systemic inflammation, catabolic responses, and clinical outcomes. Methods We performed a randomized clinical trial in critically ill TBI patients. The control group received only conventional physiotherapy, while the NMES group additionally underwent daily NMES for 14 days in the lower limb muscles. Participants were assessed at baseline and on days 3, 7, and 14 of their stay in the intensive care unit. The primary outcomes were assessed with muscle ultrasound, neuromuscular electrophysiology, and evoked peak force, and the secondary outcomes with plasma cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and clinical outcomes. Results Sixty participants were randomized, and twenty completed the trial from each group. After 14 days, the control group presented a significant reduction in muscle thickness of tibialis anterior and rectus femoris, mean of - 0.33 mm (- 14%) and - 0.49 mm (- 21%), p < 0.0001, respectively, while muscle thickness was preserved in the NMES group. The control group presented a higher incidence of NED: 47% vs. 0% in the NMES group, p < 0.0001, risk ratio of 16, and the NMES group demonstrated an increase in the evoked peak force (2.34 kg/f, p < 0.0001), in contrast to the control group (- 1.55 kg/f, p < 0.0001). The time needed for the NMES protocol to prevent muscle architecture disorders and treat weakness was at least 7 days, and 14 days to treat NED. The secondary outcomes exhibited less precise results, with confidence intervals that spanned worthwhile or trivial effects. Conclusions NMES applied daily for fourteen consecutive days reduced muscle atrophy, the incidence of NED, and muscle weakness in critically ill TBI patients. At least 7 days of NMES were required to elicit the first significant results. Trial registration The trial was registered at ensaiosclinicos.gov.br under protocol RBR-8kdrbz on 17 January 2016.
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Snodgrass SJ, Croker C, Yerrapothu M, Shepherd S, Stanwell P, Holder C, Oldmeadow C, Elliott J. Cervical muscle volume in individuals with idiopathic neck pain compared to asymptomatic controls: A cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2019; 44:102050. [PMID: 31451399 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2019.102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck muscle compositional changes may represent potential biomarkers contributing towards chronic neck-related pain and disability. OBJECTIVES To determine differences in muscle volume in the cervical muscles of individuals with chronic idiopathic neck pain compared with age- and sex-matched asymptomatic individuals, and to determine if these muscle variables relate to spinal level, side (left or right), age, sex, body mass index (BMI) or muscle strength. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. METHODS Muscle volume of five muscle (groups) from cervical levels C3-T1 in 20 pain and 17 asymptomatic participants were quantified using MRI: levator scapulae, multifidus including semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis, splenius capitus including splenius cervicis, and sternocleidomastoid. Isometric extensor and flexor muscle strength were assessed with a dynamometer. Linear mixed modelling determined differences between groups in muscle volume accounting for participant characteristics. RESULTS Individuals with pain had greater muscle volume (adjusted mean difference 71.2 mm3 (95% CI 14.2-128.2, p = .015) of the sternocleidomastoid, accounting for spinal level, side, muscle group (extensors vs flexor), sex, age, body mass index and strength. Modelling indicated muscle volume differed between spinal levels (p < .001); greater extensor muscle strength was associated with greater volume (p = .011); female sex (p < .001) and older age (p = .012) were associated with less volume. CONCLUSION Between-group differences in cervical flexor muscle volume, and volume differences across spinal levels and muscles suggest the contribution of cervical muscles to chronic idiopathic neck pain is multifaceted and complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J Snodgrass
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
| | - Christopher Croker
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
| | | | - Samala Shepherd
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
| | - Peter Stanwell
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
| | - Carl Holder
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.
| | - Chris Oldmeadow
- Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Australia.
| | - James Elliott
- Northern Sydney Local Health District & Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney Australia, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Lee GJ, Cho H, Ahn BH, Jeong HS. Effects of Electrical Muscle Stimulation for Preventing Deltoid Muscle Atrophy after Rotator Cuff Repair: Preliminary Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Single-blind Trial. Clin Shoulder Elb 2019; 22:195-202. [PMID: 33330219 PMCID: PMC7714312 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2019.22.4.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in preventing deltoid atrophy during the first 12 weeks after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods Eighteen patients undergoing arthroscopic repair of a medium-sized rotator cuff tear by a single surgeon, were randomized into two groups: NMES and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Each group used the respective device for 6 weeks after surgery. Pain was measured at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively, using the visual analogue scale (VAS); range of motion (ROM), abduction strength and functional scores were measured at baseline and 12 weeks postoperatively. Deltoid thickness and cross-sectional areas were measured using magnetic resonance imaging at 12 weeks postoperatively. Results At 12 weeks post-surgery, no statistically significant difference was observed between the NMES and TENS groups in the pain VAS, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score, ROM, and abduction strength. Postoperative decrease in the thickness of the anterior, middle, and posterior deltoid, at the level just below the coracoid, was -2.5%, -0.7%, and -6.8%, respectively, in the NMES group, and -14.0%, -2.6%, and -8.2%, respectively, in the TENS group (p=0.016, p=0.677, and p=0.791, respectively). At the level of the inferior glenoid tubercle, postoperative decrease in area of the deltoid was -5.4% in the NMES group and -14.0% in the TENS group, which was significantly different (p=0.045). Conclusions NMES has the potential for reducing deltoid atrophy after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, suggesting that NMES might help minimize postoperative atrophy after various shoulder surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goo Joo Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hangyeol Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ho-Seung Jeong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
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Abstract
Intercostal nerve injury is known to occur during thoracotomy; however, rectus abdominis muscle atrophy has rarely been reported. We describe a 52-year-old man who underwent primary closure of esophageal perforation and lung decortication via left thoracotomy. He was discharged 40 days postoperatively without any complications. He noticed an abdominal bulge 2 months later, and computed tomography revealed left rectus abdominis muscle atrophy. We report thoracotomy induced denervation causing rectus abdominis muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seok Soo Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Ye X, Sun Y. [Advances in research of cervical spondylotic amyotrophy]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:717-20. [PMID: 31474064 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA) has attracted more and more attention in recent years, according to early studies, it is based on cervical degeneration, and mainly characterized by segmental, asymmetric and stable muscular atrophy of upper extremities, with or without mild sensory abnormalities and spinal cord lesions (manifested as lower extremity symptoms and gait abnormalities), also known as Keegan's cervical spondylosis. This review will focusing on recent research progress of CSA, and summarize and analyze the definition, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of cervical spondylosis muscular atrophy.
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Zhu ZW, Tang CL, Li XH, Zhao DD, Yang ZX, Dai N. [Effect of electroacupuncture on muscular atrophy and expression of microRNAs and muscle satellite cell proliferation related proteins in denervated gastrocnemius muscle rats]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2019; 44:643-8. [PMID: 31532132 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on muscular atrophy and expression of microRNAs (Mir-1, Mir-133a, Mir-133b) and some proliferation-related factors of muscle satellite cells as histone deacetylase4 (HDAC4) and the paired box transcription factor Pax7 (Pax7) in skeletal muscle atrophy rats. METHODS Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into sham operation, model and EA groups. The skeletal muscle atrophy model was established by transection of the right sciatic nerve. EA (2 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to the right "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Huantiao"(GB30) for 10 min, once a day, seven times a week for 2 weeks. The wet weight of bilateral gastrocnemius muscles was measured to calculate the ratio of weight between the affected gastrocnemius muscle and healthy gastrocnemius muscle. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius muscle on the affected side was measured after H.E. staining. The expression levels of Mir-1, Mir-133a, Mir-133b, HDAC4 mRNA and Pax7 mRNA in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue were detected using quantitative real time-PCR. RESULTS Compared with the sham operation group, the ratio of wet weight and CSA of the gastrocnemius muscle, and the expression levels of Mir-1 and Mir-133a were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05), while the expression levels of HDAC4 mRNA and Mir-133b significantly up-regulated in the model group (P<0.05). Following EA intervention, the decreased levels of the ratio of wet weight and CSA of the gastrocnemius muscle were significantly suppressed (P<0.01), suggesting an inhibition of the skeletal muscle atrophy, and the expression levels of Pax7 and HDAC4 mRNAs were notably up-regulated (P<0.05), and those of Mir-1, Mir-133a and Mir-133b were significantly or further significantly down-regulated relevant to the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA intervention can delay muscular atrophy in rats with denervated gastrocnemius muscle, which may be related with its function in up-regulating the expression of Pax7 and HDAC4 mRNAs and down-regulating the expression of Mir-1, Mir-133a and Mir-133b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016
| | - Dan-Dan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhi-Xue Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ni Dai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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