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Yanza YR, Irawan A, Jayanegara A, Ramadhani F, Respati AN, Fitri A, Hidayat C, Niderkorn V, Cieslak A, Szumacher-Strabel M, Hidayat R, Tanuwiria UH. Saponin Extracts Utilization as Dietary Additive in Ruminant Nutrition: A Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Studies. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1231. [PMID: 38672383 PMCID: PMC11047613 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present meta-analysis aimed to determine the underlying effects of different saponins extracted from different sources on the production performance, milk yield, digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, and nitrogen utilization of ruminants. A total of 26 papers comprising 66 in vivo studies (148 data points of dietary treatments) were evaluated in the present study. The databases were statistically analyzed using the mixed model procedure of SAS, where experiments considered random effects and tannin-related factors were treated as fixed effects. Statistical procedures were then continued in comparing different sources of saponin extract through Mixed Model analysis, where experiments were also random factors and sources of saponin extract were fixed factors. The evidence revealed in the present meta-analysis that saponin supplementation of up to 40 g/kg DM appears to have no detrimental impact on feed intake across ruminant types, suggesting that it does not significantly affect diet palatability. However, the results indicated that there are species-specific responses to saponin supplementation, particularly in relation to palatability and nutrient absorption efficiency, with larger ruminants being better able to tolerate the bitterness induced by saponin extracts. Furthermore, the study found that saponin extracts can influence nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation dynamics, with different effects observed in large and small ruminants. While some saponin extracts can enhance average daily weight gain and milk yield, others can have adverse effects, highlighting the importance of considering both saponin sources and animal physiological condition when developing nutritional strategies. Additionally, optimization of ruminant production by utilizing saponin extracts is necessary to avoid negative health implications, such as increased blood creatinine levels. Different saponin extracts utilization in ruminant nutrition and environmental management, have a distinct understanding associated to their various bioactive properties. However, among the saponin sources, saponin extracted from Quilaja saponaria is more likely to improve large ruminant production performance while maintaining ruminant health and metabolism, but negatively affect small ruminants. Further research is needed to unravel the intricate effects of different saponin sources on ruminant health and productivity, emphasizing the importance of tailored dietary strategies that consider the unique physiological and metabolic characteristics of the target livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulianri Rizki Yanza
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
| | - Agung Irawan
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Fitri Ramadhani
- Department of Biology Education, Islamic University of Riau, Pekanbaru 28284, Riau, Indonesia;
| | - Adib Norma Respati
- Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember 68101, Jawa Timur, Indonesia;
| | - Ainissya Fitri
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Cecep Hidayat
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Vincent Niderkorn
- INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRH, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France;
| | - Adam Cieslak
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60637 Poznan, Poland; (A.C.); (M.S.-S.)
| | - Rahmat Hidayat
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
| | - Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia; (R.H.); (U.H.T.)
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Tanaka N, Yoshida S, Islam MS, Yamazaki K, Fujiwara T, Ohmori Y. OsbZIP1 regulates phosphorus uptake and nitroge n utilization, contributing to improved yield. Plant J 2024; 118:159-170. [PMID: 38212943 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Increasing nutrient uptake and use efficiency in plants can contribute to improved crop yields and reduce the demand for fertilizers in crop production. In this study, we characterized a rice mutant, 88n which showed long roots under low nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) conditions. Low expression levels of N transporter genes were observed in 88n root, and total N concentration in 88n shoots were decreased, however, C concentrations and shoot dry weight in 88n were comparable to that in WT. Therefore, 88n showed high nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE). mRNA accumulation of Pi transporter genes was higher in 88n roots, and Pi concentration and uptake activity were higher in 88n than in WT. Therefore, 88n also showed high phosphorus uptake efficiency (PUpE). Molecular genetic analysis revealed that the causal gene of 88n phenotypes was OsbZIP1, a monocot-specific ortholog of the A. thaliana bZIP transcription factor HY5. Similar to the hy5 mutant, chlorophyll content in roots was decreased and root angle was shallower in 88n than in WT. Finally, we tested the yield of 88n in paddy fields over 3 years because 88n mutant plants showed higher PUpE and NUtE activity and different root architecture at the seedling stage. 88n showed large panicles and increased panicle weight/plant. Taken together, a mutation in OsbZIP1 could contribute to improved crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Tanaka
- Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Japan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Saki Yoshida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Kiyoshi Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohmori
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
- Agricultural Bioinformatics Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
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Wei X, Wu H, Wang Z, Zhu J, Wang W, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang C. Rumen-protected lysine supplementation improved amino acid balance, nitroge n utilization and altered hindgut microbiota of dairy cows. Anim Nutr 2023; 15:320-331. [PMID: 38053803 PMCID: PMC10694044 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) and rumen-protected lysine (RPL) supplementation on lactation performance, amino acid (AA) balance, nitrogen (N) utilization and hindgut microbiota in dairy cows. Treatments were in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, and the main effects were CP concentration (16% vs. 18%) and RPL supplementation (with or without RPL at 40 g/cow per day). Forty cows were randomly allocated to 4 groups: low-CP diet (LP), low-CP diet plus RPL (LPL), high-CP diet (HP), high-CP diet plus RPL (HPL). The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. Results showed that RPL increased the dry matter intake (P < 0.01), milk protein yield (P = 0.04) and energy corrected milk (P = 0.04), and tended to increase milk fat yield (P = 0.06) and fat corrected milk (P = 0.05). Cows in the HP group tended to have higher milk urea N (P = 0.07). Plasma concentrations of Arg, Ile, Lys, Met, Pro, total essential AA and total nonessential AA were increased by RPL (P < 0.05). The total essential AA, total nonessential AA and most AA (except Ile, Phe, Gly and Pro) were increased in the HP group (P < 0.05). N excretion was increased in the HP group through an increase in urea N excretion (P < 0.01) and an upward trend in plasma urea N (P = 0.07). In addition, RPL tended to increase milk protein N secretion (P = 0.08), milk N (P = 0.07) and microbial protein synthesis (P = 0.06), and decreased plasma urea N (P < 0.001). In the hindgut, the bacterial community were different between the LP and LPL groups (P < 0.01). The probiotic abundances of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and Acinetobacter were increased by RPL (P = 0.03 and 0.03, respectively). The pathogenic abundances of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 (P < 0.001) and Turicibacter (P < 0.01) were decreased by RPL. In conclusion, supplementing RPL with low dietary CP could balance AA supply and increase milk protein yield, resulting in an improvement in N utilization efficiency, and altered the composition of the hindgut microbiota to favor the lactation performance of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Junhong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co. Ltd., Zhuhai 519040, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
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Wang H, Wu Y, An T, Chen Y. Lateral root elongation enhances nitrogen-use efficiency in maize genotypes at the seedling stage. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:5389-5398. [PMID: 35332536 PMCID: PMC9545651 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize plants show great variation in root morphological response to nitrogen (N) deficit, and such alterations often determine N-use efficiency (NUE) plants. This study assessed genotypic variation in root morphology and NUE in selected 20 maize genotypes with contrasting root system size grown in a semi-hydroponic phenotyping system for 38 days under control (4 mmol L-1 NO3 - ) and low N (LN) (40 μmol L-1 ) for 38 days after transplanting. RESULTS Maize genotypes exhibited different responses to LN stress in each of the 28 measured shoot and root traits. The 20 genotypes were assigned into one of the three groups: N-efficient (eight genotypes), medium (four genotypes), and N-inefficient (eight genotypes), based on shoot dry weight ratio (the ratio of shoot dry weight at LN and control) ± one standard error. In response to LN stress, the N-inefficient genotypes had significant reduction in biomass production by ~58% in shoots and ~64% in roots, while the N-efficient genotypes maintained their biomass. Under LN supply N-efficient genotypes showed a plasticity response that would result in both sparse lateral branching and increased root elongation as a whole or at each growth strata, and N efficiency positively correlated with lateral or axial root elongation and root elongation at different depths. CONCLUTSION The total lateral root length was the main contributor to the improved N foraging and utilization in maize under LN conditions, followed by axial root length. Total lateral root length can be considered in breeding programs for producing maize cultivars with high NUE at the early seedling stage. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of SciencesYangling, ShaanxiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of SciencesYangling, ShaanxiChina
| | - Tingting An
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of SciencesYangling, ShaanxiChina
| | - Yinglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of SciencesYangling, ShaanxiChina
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
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Yao X, Lan Y, Liao L, Huang Y, Yu S, Ye S, Yang M. Effects of nitrogen supply rate on photosynthesis, nitrogen uptake and growth of seedlings in a Eucalyptus/Dalbergia odorifera intercropping system. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:192-204. [PMID: 34569130 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of N2 -fixing species into a Eucalyptus plantation resulted in a successful planting system. It is essential to understand the contribution of nitrogen (N) competition and photosynthetic efficiency to plant dry matter yield to shed more light on the growth mechanism of the Eucalyptus/legume system. We compared N competition, photosynthesis and dry matter yield of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis and the N2 -fixing tree species Dalbergia odorifera in intercropping and monoculture systems under different N levels. The photosynthesis of E. urophylla × E. grandis was improved, while that of D. odorifera was inhibited in the intercropping system. Intercropped E. urophylla × E. grandis increased the N utilization and the dry matter yield by 6.57-48.46% and 7.59-97.26%, and decreased those of D. odorifera by 10.21-30.33% and 0.48-13.19%, respectively. Furthermore, N application enhanced the competitive ability of E. urophylla × E. grandis relative to D. odorifera and changed the N contents and chlorophyll synthesis to optimize the photosynthetic structure of both species. Our results reveal Eucalyptus for photosynthesis, N absorption and increasing the growth benefit from the introduction of N2 -fixing species, which hence can be considered to be an effective sustainable management option of Eucalyptus plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yao
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Lan
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - L Liao
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Huang
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - S Yu
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - S Ye
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - M Yang
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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El-Sherbeny TMS, Mousa AM, El-Sayed ESR. Use of mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilization to improve the yield of onion ( Allium cepa L.) plant. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:331-338. [PMID: 35002426 PMCID: PMC8716904 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the economical yield of commonly cultivated crops is one of the most pressing social and scientific issues in modern agriculture. This paper was conducted to investigate the bio-efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in improving phosphorous (P) utilization and increasing the yield of onion plant grown in sandy soil under a drip irrigation system. The obtained results showed that AMF inoculation of onion and application of 120 kg P fertilizer ha−1 significantly increased the fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content of onion as well as P concentration in the root, shoot, and bulb during two growing seasons. Moreover, AMF increased the bioavailability of P in the rhizosphere and significantly enhanced the N-utilization by the inoculated plant. The economic yield of the onion plant inoculated by AMF and fertilized by different doses of P fertilizer was much higher than that obtained by the control (without AMF). These findings indicated that inoculating the onion plant in the field with AMF could be very effective in increasing the yield of the onion plant. Additionally, this study suggests AMF as a low-cost and promising candidate for the sustainable production of the onion crop using reclaimed sandy soils and a drip irrigation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M S El-Sherbeny
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Mousa
- Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed R El-Sayed
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Orlandi T, Pozo CA, Schiavo J, Oliveira L, Kozloski GV. Effect of using Acacia mearnsii tannin extract as a feed additive on nutritional variables and productive performance in dairy cows grazing a temperate pasture. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13407. [PMID: 32567213 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of including Acacia mearnsii tannin extract (TA) as a feed additive on nutrition and productive performance of dairy cows grazing a high-quality temperate pasture and receiving supplementation with a concentrate feedstuff. Fourteen multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to either of the following treatments: concentrate without or with 20 g TA/kg dry matter (DM). Concentrate intake accounted for 32% of the total DM intake. Tannin addition increased the herbage DM intake by 22% (p < .05). There was no effect of TA inclusion on milk yield, milk composition, milk nitrogen (N) excretion, milk and plasma urea-N concentration, urinary excretion of total N, urea-N, and purine derivatives. However, TA inclusion increased the N intake and retention, total N excretion in manure, fecal N to urine N ratio, and decreased the dietary N efficiency for milk production and the percentage of ingested N excreted in urine (p < .05). In conclusion, supplementing dairy cows grazing a high-quality temperate pasture with a concentrate containing 20 g TA/kg DM showed the potential of decreasing the proportion of ingested N excreted in urine without affecting the productive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Orlandi
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Claudio A Pozo
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jordana Schiavo
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto V Kozloski
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Lei Q, Luo J, Lindsey S, Zhang J, Zhai L, Wu S, Zhang J, Liu X, Ren T, Liu H. Optimizing the nitrogen application rate for maize and wheat based on yield and environment on the Northern China Plain. Sci Total Environ 2018; 618:1173-1183. [PMID: 29054672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optimizing the nitrogen (N) application rate can increase crop yield while reducing the environmental risks. However, the optimal N rates vary substantially when different targets such as maximum yield or maximum economic benefit are considered. Taking the wheat-maize rotation cropping system on the North China Plain as a case study, we quantified the variation of N application rates when targeting constraints on yield, economic performance, N uptake and N utilization, by conducting field experiments between 2011 and 2013. Results showed that the optimal N application rate was highest when targeting N uptake (240kgha-1 for maize, and 326kgha-1 for wheat), followed by crop yield (208kgha-1 for maize, and 277kgha-1 for wheat) and economic income (191kgha-1 for maize, and 253kgha-1 for wheat). If environmental costs were considered, the optimal N application rates were further reduced by 20-30% compared to those when targeting maximum economic income. However, the optimal N rate, with environmental cost included, may result in soil nutrient mining under maize, and an extra input of 43kgNha-1 was needed to make the soil N balanced and maintain soil fertility in the long term. To obtain a win-win situation for both yield and environment, the optimal N rate should be controlled at 179kgha-1 for maize, which could achieve above 99.5% of maximum yield and have a favorable N balance, and at 202kgha-1 for wheat to achieve 97.4% of maximum yield, which was about 20kgNha-1 higher than that when N surplus was nil. Although these optimal N rates vary on spatial and temporal scales, they are still effective for the North China Plain where 32% of China's total maize and 45% of China's total wheat are produced. More experiments are still needed to determine the optimal N application rates in other regions. Use of these different optimal N rates would contribute to improving the sustainability of agricultural development in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Qiuliang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jiafa Luo
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Stuart Lindsey
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - Jizong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Limei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shuxia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jingsuo Zhang
- Beijing Municipal Station of Agro-Environmental Monitoring, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Beijing Municipal Station of Agro-Environmental Monitoring, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Tianzhi Ren
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, PR China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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Liu X, Xu G, Wang Q, Hang Y. Effects of Insect-Proof Net Cultivation, Rice-Duck Farming, and Organic Matter Return on Rice Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitroge n Utilization. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:47. [PMID: 28174589 PMCID: PMC5258751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Insect-proof net cultivation (IPN), rice-duck farming (RD), and organic matter return (OM) are important methods to realize sustainable development of rice production. A split-plot field experiment was performed to study the effects of IPN, RD, and OM on the rice yield, dry matter accumulation and N utilization. Results showed that compared to inorganic N fertilizer (IN), wheat straw return, and biogas residue return increased the rice yield by 2.11-4.28 and 4.78-7.67%, respectively, and also improved dry matter and N accumulation after the elongation stage (EG), dry matter and N translocation, and N recovery efficiency (NRE). These results attributed to an increase in leaf SPAD values and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) after the EG. Compared to conventional rice farming (CR), RD promoted the rice yield by 1.52-3.74%, and contributed to higher the leaf photosynthesis, dry matter and N accumulation, dry matter and N translocation, and NRE. IPN decreased the intensity of sun radiation in the nets due to the coverage of the insect-proof nets, which declined the leaf Pn, dry matter accumulation and translocation, N absorption and translocation, and NRE compared to open field cultivation (OFC). The rice yield of IPN were 2.48-4.98% lower than that of OFC. Compared to the interaction between CR and IN, the interaction between RD and OM improved the rice yield by 5.26-9.33%, and increased dry matter and N accumulation after the EG, dry matter and N translocation, and NRE. These results indicated that OM, RD and the interaction between RD and OM could promote dry matter accumulation and N utilization, which was beneficial to improve the rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiangsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Production Management, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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Wei SS, Wang YQ, Li YC, Shu XX, Peng ZP, Shi XL, Zhou YP. [Effects of nitrapyrin-nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates on N utilization and N 2O emission in summer maize field]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2016; 27:1163-1168. [PMID: 29732772 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201604.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the N2O emission from soil and enhance N utilization by crop, a field experiment was carried out to study the effects of nitrapyrin-N fertilizer application rates (0, 180, 270, 360 kg N·hm-2) on soil N2O emission and N apparent loss, grain yield and N utilization of summer maize. Results showed that the soil N2O emission under different N fertilizer treatments mainly occurred in periods from sowing to seedling, and from jointing to tasseling. Soil N2O emission peaks were observed after basal and top dressing events. Maize yield increased with N fertilizer rates but there was no significant difference between 270 and 360 kg N·hm-2, and the net income of these two treatments was 5209 and 5426 yuan·hm-2, respectively. Compared with no N fertilizer treatment, the N uptake in the N fertilizer treatments was increased by 109.6%-134.1%. The treatment of 270 kg N·hm-2 had the highest agronomic N efficiency and N use efficiency, but the N apparent loss was low. The treatment with nitrapyrin-N fertilization rate of 270 kg N·hm-2 appeared to be the optimal rate to obtain high maize yield and N use efficiency, and low soil N2O emission and N apparent loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Shan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Qun Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Ying Chun Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiao Xiao Shu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Zheng Ping Peng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Li Shi
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Ya Peng Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei/Hebei Province Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
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Gao K, Chen F, Yuan L, Zhang F, Mi G. A comprehensive analysis of root morphological changes and nitrogen allocation in maize in response to low nitrogen stress. Plant Cell Environ 2015; 38:740-50. [PMID: 25159094 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The plasticity of root architecture is crucial for plants to acclimate to unfavourable environments including low nitrogen (LN) stress. How maize roots coordinate the growth of axile roots and lateral roots (LRs), as well as longitudinal and radial cell behaviours in response to LN stress, remains unclear. Maize plants were cultivated hydroponically under control (4 mm nitrate) and LN (40 μm) conditions. Temporal and spatial samples were taken to analyse changes in the morphology, anatomical structure and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in the axile root and LRs. LN stress increased axile root elongation, reduced the number of crown roots and decreased LR density and length. LN stress extended cell elongation zones and increased the mature cell length in the roots. LN stress reduced the cell diameter and total area of vessels and increased the amount of aerenchyma, but the number of cell layers in the crown root cortex was unchanged. The C/N ratio was higher in the axile roots than in the LRs. Maize roots acclimate to LN stress by optimizing the anatomical structure and N allocation. As a result, axile root elongation is favoured to efficiently find available N in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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