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Chilingarian A, Sargsyan B. The causes of the abrupt enhancement of the natural gamma radiation in the thunderous atmosphere on the mountain tops. J Environ Radioact 2024; 274:107409. [PMID: 38428363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The study presented the relationship between sudden Natural Gamma Radiation (NGR) increases related to enhanced atmospheric electric fields. We pinpoint Thunderstorm Ground Enhancements (TGEs) as the primary source of abrupt and significant NGR spikes. These TGEs, which are transient, several-minute-long increases in elementary particle fluxes, originate from natural electron accelerators within thunderclouds. The more prolonged, yet less pronounced, increases in NGR, persisting for several hours, are attributed to the gamma radiation from radon progeny and enhanced positron fluxes. This radon, emanating from terrestrial materials, is carried aloft by the Near-Surface Electric Field (NSEF). To measure NGR at Aragats Mountain, we use an ORTEC detector and custom-built large NaI (Tl) spectrometers, employing lead filters to discriminate between cosmic ray fluxes and radon progeny radiation. Our analysis differentiates between radiation enhancements during positive and negative NSEF episodes. The resultant data provide a comprehensive measurement of the intensities of principal isotopes and positron flux during thunderstorms compared to fair weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chilingarian
- A I Alikhanyan National Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan, 0036, Armenia.
| | - B Sargsyan
- A I Alikhanyan National Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan, 0036, Armenia
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2
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Kulich I, Schmid J, Teplova A, Qi L, Friml J. Rapid translocation of NGR proteins driving polarization of PIN-activating D6 protein kinase during root gravitropism. eLife 2024; 12:RP91523. [PMID: 38441122 PMCID: PMC10942638 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Root gravitropic bending represents a fundamental aspect of terrestrial plant physiology. Gravity is perceived by sedimentation of starch-rich plastids (statoliths) to the bottom of the central root cap cells. Following gravity perception, intercellular auxin transport is redirected downwards leading to an asymmetric auxin accumulation at the lower root side causing inhibition of cell expansion, ultimately resulting in downwards bending. How gravity-induced statoliths repositioning is translated into asymmetric auxin distribution remains unclear despite PIN auxin efflux carriers and the Negative Gravitropic Response of roots (NGR) proteins polarize along statolith sedimentation, thus providing a plausible mechanism for auxin flow redirection. In this study, using a functional NGR1-GFP construct, we visualized the NGR1 localization on the statolith surface and plasma membrane (PM) domains in close proximity to the statoliths, correlating with their movements. We determined that NGR1 binding to these PM domains is indispensable for NGR1 functionality and relies on cysteine acylation and adjacent polybasic regions as well as on lipid and sterol PM composition. Detailed timing of the early events following graviperception suggested that both NGR1 repolarization and initial auxin asymmetry precede the visible PIN3 polarization. This discrepancy motivated us to unveil a rapid, NGR-dependent translocation of PIN-activating AGCVIII kinase D6PK towards lower PMs of gravity-perceiving cells, thus providing an attractive model for rapid redirection of auxin fluxes following gravistimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kulich
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Julia Schmid
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | | | - Linlin Qi
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology AustriaKlosterneuburgAustria
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3
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Dudler V, Milana MR, Papaspyrides C, Tavares Poças MDF, Comandella D, Lampi E. Safety assessment of the process Umincorp, based on the NGR technology, used to recycle post-consumer PET into food contact materials. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08263. [PMID: 37799761 PMCID: PMC10548857 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process Umincorp (EU register number RECYC302), which uses the NGR technology. The input consists of washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post-consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The flakes are dried (step 2), melted in an extruder (step 3) and decontaminated during a melt-state polycondensation step ■■■■■ (step 4). In step 5, the melt is cooled down and granulated. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the melt-state polycondensation (step 4) is critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance are the pressure, the temperature, the residence time (depending on the mass and throughput of the melt) and the characteristics of the reactor. It was demonstrated by the challenge test that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long-term storage at room temperature, with or without hotfill. The final articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
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4
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Kostryukova LV, Tereshkina YA, Tikhonova EG, Khudoklinova YY, Bobrova DV, Gisina AM, Morozevich GE, Pronina VV, Bulko TV, Shumyantseva VV. Effect of an NGR Peptide on the Efficacy of the Doxorubicin Phospholipid Delivery System. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2229. [PMID: 37570547 PMCID: PMC10420982 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
This study is a continuation of an investigation into the effect of a targeted component, a peptide with an NGR, on the properties of the previously developed doxorubicin phospholipid delivery system. The NGR peptide has an affinity for aminopeptidase N (known as the CD13 marker on the membrane surface of tumor cells) and has been extensively used to target drug delivery systems. This article presents the results of a study investigating the physical properties of the phospholipid composition with and without the peptide chain: particle size, zeta potential, stability in fluids, and dependence of doxorubicin release from nanoparticles at different pH levels (5.0, 6.5, 7.4). The cytotoxic effect of the compositions has also been shown to depend on the dose of the drug used for incubation, the presence of the targeted component in the composition, and the time of incubation time of the substances. There was a significant difference in the cytotoxic effect on HT-1080 (CD13-positive) and MCF-7 (CD13-negative) cells. Cell death pathway analysis has shown that death occurred mainly by apoptosis. We also present data on the effect of doxorubicin embedded in phospholipid nanoparticles with the targeted peptide on DNA assessed by differential pulse voltammetry, the mechanism of action being electrostatic interactions. The interactions of native dsDNA with doxorubicin encapsulated in phospholipid nanoparticles with the targeted peptide were studied electrochemically by differential pulse voltammetry. Here, we have highlighted that the targeted peptide in the doxorubicin composition moved specific interaction of the drug with dsDNA from intercalative mode to electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yulia Yu. Khudoklinova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., 119121 Moscow, Russia; (L.V.K.); (Y.A.T.); (E.G.T.); (D.V.B.); (A.M.G.); (G.E.M.); (V.V.P.); (T.V.B.); (V.V.S.)
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5
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Dudler V, Milana MR, Papaspyrides C, Tavares Poças MDF, Comandella D, Lampi E. Safety assessment of the process Coca-Cola HBC, based on the NGR technology, used to recycle post-consumer PET into food contact materials. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08088. [PMID: 37405175 PMCID: PMC10316121 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process Coca-Cola HBC (EU register number RECYC285), which uses the NGR technology. The input is washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post-consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The flakes are dried (step 2), melted in an extruder (step 3) and decontaminated during a melt-state polycondensation step ■■■■■ (step 4). In step 5, the material is granulated. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the melt-state polycondensation (step 4) is critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance of the critical step are the pressure, the temperature, the residence time (depending on the mass and throughput of the melt) and the characteristics of the reactor. It was demonstrated that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long-term storage at room temperature, with or without hotfill. The final articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
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6
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Dudler V, Milana MR, Papaspyrides C, Tavares Poças MDF, Comandella D, Lampi E. Safety assessment of the process CCH CIRCULARPET, based on the NGR technology, used to recycle post-consumer PET into food contact materials. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08087. [PMID: 37405173 PMCID: PMC10316127 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process CCH CIRCULARPET (EU register number RECYC284), which uses the NGR technology. The input is washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post-consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The flakes are dried (step 2), melted in an extruder (step 3) and decontaminated during a melt-state polycondensation step ■■■■■ (step 4). In step 5, the material is granulated. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the melt-state polycondensation (step 4) is critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance of the critical step are the pressure, the temperature, the residence time (depending on the mass and throughput of the melt) and the characteristics of the reactor. It was demonstrated that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long-term storage at room temperature, with or without hotfill. The final articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
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7
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Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Chesson A, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen I, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Dudler V, Milana MR, Papaspyrides C, Tavares Poças MDF, Lioupis A, Lampi E. Safety assessment of the process rPET InWaste, based on the NGR technology, used to recycle post-consumer PET into food contact materials. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07273. [PMID: 35582365 PMCID: PMC9087456 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process rPET InWaste (EU register number RECYC231), which uses the NGR technology. The input is washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes mainly originating from collected post-consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non-food consumer applications. The flakes are dried (step 2), melted in an extruder (step 3) and decontaminated during a melt-state polycondensation step under high temperature and vacuum (step 4). In step 5, the melt material is granulated. Having examined the challenge test provided, the Panel concluded that the melt-state polycondensation (step 4) is critical in determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance of the critical steps are the pressure, the temperature, the residence time (depending on the mass and throughput of the melt) and the characteristics of the reactor. It was demonstrated that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern, when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long-term storage at room temperature, with or without hotfill. The final articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
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8
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Abstract
Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motifs have vasculature-homing properties via interactions with the aminopeptidase N (CD13) expressed on tumor neovasculature. Numerous NGR peptides with different molecular scaffolds have been exploited for targeted delivery of different compounds for imaging and therapy. When conjugated with NGR, complexes recognize the CD13 receptor expressed on the tumor vasculature, which improves the specificity to tumor and avoids systematic toxic reactions. Both preclinical and clinical studies performed with these products suggest that NGR-mediated vascular targeting is an effective strategy for delivering bioactive amounts of cytokines to tumor endothelial cells. For molecular imaging, radiolabeled peptides have been the most successful approach and have been translated into clinic. This review describes current data on radiolabeled tumor vasculature-homing NGR peptides for imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 556508The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikai Ding
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 556508The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingliang Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 556508The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 556508The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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9
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Florea A, Mottaghy FM, Bauwens M. Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis in Oncology: Current Preclinical and Clinical Status. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5544. [PMID: 34073992 PMCID: PMC8197399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an active process, regulating new vessel growth, and is crucial for the survival and growth of tumours next to other complex factors in the tumour microenvironment. We present possible molecular imaging approaches for tumour vascularisation and vitality, focusing on radiopharmaceuticals (tracers). Molecular imaging in general has become an integrated part of cancer therapy, by bringing relevant insights on tumour angiogenic status. After a structured PubMed search, the resulting publication list was screened for oncology related publications in animals and humans, disregarding any cardiovascular findings. The tracers identified can be subdivided into direct targeting of angiogenesis (i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor, laminin, and fibronectin) and indirect targeting (i.e., glucose metabolism, hypoxia, and matrix metallo-proteases, PSMA). Presenting pre-clinical and clinical data of most tracers proposed in the literature, the indirect targeting agents are not 1:1 correlated with angiogenesis factors but do have a strong prognostic power in a clinical setting, while direct targeting agents show most potential and specificity for assessing tumour vascularisation and vitality. Within the direct agents, the combination of multiple targeting tracers into one agent (multimers) seems most promising. This review demonstrates the present clinical applicability of indirect agents, but also the need for more extensive research in the field of direct targeting of angiogenesis in oncology. Although there is currently no direct tracer that can be singled out, the RGD tracer family seems to show the highest potential therefore we expect one of them to enter the clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Florea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.B.)
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Felix M. Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.B.)
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Bauwens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (A.F.); (M.B.)
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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10
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Ma R, Nai J, Zhang J, Li Z, Xu F, Gao C. Co-delivery of CPP decorated doxorubicin and CPP decorated siRNA by NGR-modified nanobubbles for improving anticancer therapy. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:634-646. [PMID: 33843423 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1912090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A combination of doxorubicin (DOX) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) is proven effective for the reverse of multidrug resistance. However, rapid degradation and poor cellular internalization of siRNA hinder their synergistic action. To improve the combination effect, asparagine-glycine-arginine peptide (NGR) -modified nanobubbles (NBs) containing cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) decorated DOX and CPP decorated c-myc siRNA were constructed. Diameters of these NBs were about 245 nm and zeta potentials were about -3 mV. Encapsulation efficiencies (EE) of DOX exceeded 80%. Release of DOX could be triggered by ultrasound (US) since above 80% DOX was released from NBs after sonication while less than 5% DOX was discharged without treatment of US. These NBs were considered stable during 24 h since the decrease of particle size was no more than 10 nm, variances of EE were less than 5%, and changes of transmission (ΔT) were less than 3%. More drugs in formulation decorated with CPP and NGR were accumulated in the tumor when combined with sonication. The evident synergistic action of DOX, siRNA, NBs, and US was verified in mice with strong antitumor efficacy. Taken together, NGR-modified NBs containing CPP-DOX and CPP-siRNA are able to realize time- and spatial-controlled drug delivery and show potential application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The 305 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Nai
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasure, Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinbang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasure, Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.,Pharmaceutical College, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasure, Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasure, Department of Pharmaceutics, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.,Pharmaceutical College, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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11
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Cui Y, Sun J, Hao W, Chen M, Wang Y, Xu F, Gao C. Dual-Target Peptide-Modified Erythrocyte Membrane-Enveloped PLGA Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Glioma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:563938. [PMID: 33194638 PMCID: PMC7609867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.563938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Penetration of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the blood–brain tumor barrier (BBTB) remains a significant challenge for the delivery of drugs in the treatment of glioma. Therefore, the development of targeted preparations with the ability to penetrate the BBB and BBTB, and target gliomas, is an important approach if we are to improve the efficacy of glioma treatment. In the current study, an active targeting preparation based on PLGA nanoparticles coated with erythrocyte membranes (RBCNPs) and dual-modified with DWSW and NGR peptide ligands (DWSW/NGR-RBCNPs). Euphorbia factor L1 (EFL1) extracted from euphorbiae semen was used as the model drug. The final nanoparticles were characterized by in vivo and in vitro tests. In vitro results showed that EFL1-loaded DWSW/NGR-RBCNPs were taken up by cells and had the ability to penetrate the BBB and BBTB and produce cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, in vivo studies in mice showed that when injected intravenously, these specialized NPs could enter the brain, target tumor tissue, and significantly extend life span. The results showed that dual-targeting EFL1-loaded DWSW/NGR-RBCNPs have significant potential as a nanotherapeutic tool for the treatment of brain glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Cui
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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12
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Kis A, Dénes N, Szabó JP, Arató V, Jószai I, Enyedi KN, Lakatos S, Garai I, Mező G, Kertész I, Trencsényi G. In vivo assessment of aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) specificity of different 68Ga-labelled NGR derivatives using PET/MRI imaging. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119881. [PMID: 32946975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) plays an important role in neoangiogenic process in malignancies. Our previous studies have already shown that 68Ga-labelled NOTA conjugated asparagine-glycine-arginine peptide (c[KNGRE]-NH2) specifically bind to APN/CD13 expressing tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the APN/CD13 specificity of newly synthesized 68Ga-labelled NGR derivatives in vivo by PET/MRI imaging using hepatocellular carcinoma (He/De) and mesoblastic nephroma (Ne/De) tumor models. PET/MRI and ex vivo biodistribution studies were performed 11 ± 1 days after subcutaneous injection of tumor cells and 90 min after intravenous injection of 68Ga-NOTA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG1) or 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG2). The APN/CD13 selectivity was confirmed by blocking experiments and the APN/CD13 expression was verified by immunohistochemistry. 68Ga-labelled c(NGR) derivatives were produced with high specific activity and radiochemical purity. In control animals, low radiotracer accumulation was found in abdominal and thoracic organs. Using tumor-bearing animals we found that the 68Ga-NOTA-c(NGR), 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR), and 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG1) derivatives showed higher uptake in He/De and Ne/De tumors, than that of the accumulation of 68Ga-NODAGA-c(NGR) (MG2). APN/CD13 is a very promising target in PET imaging, however, the selection of the appropriate 68Ga-labelled NGR-based radiopharmaceutical is critical for the precise detection of tumor neo-angiogenesis and for monitoring the efficacy of anticancer therapy.
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Key Words
- (68)Ga
- Aminopeptidase N
- Angiogenesis
- CD13
- CID: 2796029, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt)
- CID: 3036142, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA)
- CID: 33032, L-Glutamic acid
- CID: 5962, L-Lysine
- CID: 6228, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)
- CID: 6267, L-Asparagine
- CID: 6322, L-Arginine
- CID: 6422, triflouroacetic acid (TFA)
- CID: 750, Glyicine
- NGR
- PET/MRI imaging
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Kis
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Noémi Dénes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Arató
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Jószai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kata Nóra Enyedi
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Lakatos
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Garai
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Scanomed LTD, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mező
- Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE, Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary; Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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13
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Ge L, Chen R. Negative gravitropic response of roots directs auxin flow to control root gravitropism. Plant Cell Environ 2019; 42:2372-2383. [PMID: 30968964 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Root tip is capable of sensing and adjusting its growth direction in response to gravity, a phenomenon known as root gravitropism. Previously, we have shown that negative gravitropic response of roots (NGR) is essential for the positive gravitropic response of roots. Here, we show that NGR, a plasma membrane protein specifically expressed in root columella and lateral root cap cells, controls the positive root gravitropic response by regulating auxin efflux carrier localization in columella cells and the direction of lateral auxin flow in response to gravity. Pharmacological and genetic studies show that the negative root gravitropic response of the ngr mutants depends on polar auxin transport in the root elongation zone. Cell biology studies further demonstrate that polar localization of the auxin efflux carrier PIN3 in root columella cells and asymmetric lateral auxin flow in the root tip in response to gravistimulation is reversed in the atngr1;2;3 triple mutant. Furthermore, simultaneous mutations of three PIN genes expressed in root columella cells impaired the negative root gravitropic response of the atngr1;2;3 triple mutant. Our work revealed a critical role of NGR in root gravitropic response and provided an insight of the early events and molecular basis of the positive root gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfa Ge
- Department of Grass Science, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Development, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, 73401, Oklahoma
| | - Rujin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Development, Noble Research Institute, Ardmore, 73401, Oklahoma
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14
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Shokri B, Zarghi A, Shahhoseini S, Mohammadi R, Kobarfard F. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of peptide-NSAID conjugates for targeted cancer therapy. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2019; 352:e1800379. [PMID: 31318093 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Linear arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) and asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) peptide-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug conjugates were synthesized to evaluate their anticancer effect. Two well-known targeting peptide sequences, RGD and NGR, were conjugated with naproxen and ibuprofen. It is expected that the RGD peptide selectively binds to αv -integrin receptors, which are highly expressed in cancer cells, and that the NGR peptide selectively targets aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13, EC 3.4.11.2), which is overexpressed in blood vessels of tumors. To investigate the impact of possible steric hindrance due to the attachment of the drug to the peptide, a linear six-carbon linker (hexanoic acid) was also used as a spacer. Cytotoxic effects of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against several cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, A2780 (αv β3 positive), OVCAR3 (high αv β3 ), HT-1-80, and SKOV-3 cells (CD13 positive). The NGR conjugate forms of both ibuprofen and naproxen showed better activity against the SKOV-3 tumor cell line. The improved binding of these conjugates to their receptors was confirmed by docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Shokri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Shahhoseini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Pang X, Wang T, Jiang D, Mu W, Zhang B, Zhang N. Functionalized docetaxel-loaded lipid-based-nanosuspensions to enhance antitumor efficacy in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2543-2555. [PMID: 31114190 PMCID: PMC6489590 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s191341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To further enhance the antitumor efficacy through targeted delivery, DTX loaded lipid-based-nanosuspensions (DTX-LNS) were prepared and functionalized by PEGylation or NGR modification to develop DSPE-PEG2000 modified DTX-LNS (P-DTX-LNS) or DSPE-PEG2000-NGR modified DTX-LNS (N-DTX-LNS), respectively. Methods: Based on our previous work, functionalized DTX-LNS including P-DTX-LNS and N-DTX-LNS were prepared using thin-film hydration, and then characterized. Release behavior, stability in vitro, cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of functionalized LNS were observed. To demonstrate tumor targeting efficiency of functionalized DTX-LNS, in vivo real-time and ex vivo imaging study were conducted. Furthermore, therapeutic efficacy in vivo was evaluated in an H22-bearing mice model. Results: Functionalized DTX-LNS 100–110 nm in diameter were successfully prepared and exhibited good stability under various conditions. In vitro release studies demonstrated that DTX was released from functionalized DTX-LNS steadily and reached approximately 95% at 48 hrs. Functionalized DTX-LNS showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity and time-dependent internalization in human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) cells. In vivo real-time and ex vivo imaging results indicated that tumor targeting efficiencies of P-DiR-LNS and N-DiR-LNS were 29.9% and 34.3%, respectively. Moreover, evaluations of in vivo antitumor efficacy indicated that functionalized DTX-LNS effectively inhibited tumor growth with low toxicity. Conclusion: The functionalized LNS exhibited suitable particle size, nearly spherical structure, enough drug loading and great potentials for large-scale production. The results in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that functionalized LNS could realize tumor targeting and antitumor efficacy. Consequently, functionalized DTX-LNS could be expected to be used for tumor targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, People's Republic of China
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16
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Li X, Ma X, Wang S, Kang F, Yang W, Ma W, Wang J. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Peptides with High Tumor Selectivity: Novel Probes for Image-Guided Surgical Resection of Orthotopic Glioma. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:108-117. [PMID: 30517013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The complete excision of glioblastomas with maximal retention of surrounding normal tissues can have a positive effect on the survival status and quality of life of patients. Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) optical imaging of the tumor vasculature offers a noninvasive method for detection of early stage glioblastoma and efficient monitoring of therapeutic responses. The aim of this study was to develop a novel NIRF imaging probe as a visualization tool for image-guided surgical resection of orthotopic glioblastoma. In this study, Cy5.5-RKL, Cy5.5-NKL, and Cy5.5-DKL probes were successfully synthesized, and their properties were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, Cy5.5-RKL and Cy5.5-NKL were able to detect U87MG xenografts for at least 8 h post injection. The maximum tumor-to-muscle ratios of Cy5.5-RKL and Cy5.5-NKL were 7.65 ± 0.72 and 5.43 ± 0.72, respectively. Of the probes, Cy5.5-RKL displayed the best delineation of the boundaries between orthotopic glioblastomas and normal brain tissue at 8 h p.i. In conclusion, NIRF imaging using Cy5.5-RKL is promising not only for diagnostic purposes but also for use in image-guided surgery for orthotopic glioblastoma or other superficial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Zhengjie Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400016 , China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Shuailiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Wenhui Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital , Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an 710032 , China
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17
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Shokri B, Zarghi A, Shahhoseini S, Mohammadi R, Kobarfard F. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Ketoprofen Conjugated To RGD/ NGR for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Iran J Pharm Res 2018; 17:1297-1305. [PMID: 30568688 PMCID: PMC6269559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid (RGD) and Asparagine-Glycine-Arginine (NGR) peptides preferentially bind to integrin receptors and aminopeptidase N respectively and these two receptors play important roles in angiogenesis. Therefore ketoprofen as a non-selective cox Inhibitor was conjugated with linear RGD and NGR to take advantage of targeting capability of these two motifs and delivering ketoprofen to these cancer cells with overexpression of integrin and aminopeptidase N. In order to investigate the impact of possible steric hindrance due to the attachment of the drug to the peptide, a linear six carbon (hexanoic acid) linker was also used as a spacer. Cytotoxic effect of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against a group of cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, A2780 (αvβ3 positive), OVCAR3 (high αvβ3), HT-1-80 (high CD13) and SKOV-3 (CD13 positive). Both NGR and RGD conjugated forms of ketoprofen showed higher cytotoxic activity against OVCAR3 and HT-1-80 respectively.
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18
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Huang D, Zhang S, Zhong T, Ren W, Yao X, Guo Y, Duan XC, Yin YF, Zhang SS, Zhang X. Multi-targeting NGR-modified liposomes recognizing glioma tumor cells and vasculogenic mimicry for improving anti-glioma therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43616-43628. [PMID: 27283987 PMCID: PMC5190048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Like the anti-angiogenic strategy, anti-vascular mimicry is considered as a novel targeting strategy for glioma. In the present study, we used NGR as a targeting ligand and prepared NGR-modified liposomes containing combretastatin A4 (NGR-SSL-CA4) in order to evaluate their potential targeting of glioma tumor cells and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formed by glioma cells as well as their anti-VM activity in mice with glioma tumor cells. NGR-SSL-CA4 was prepared by a thin-film hydration method. The in vitro targeting of U87-MG (human glioma tumor cells) by NGR-modified liposomes was evaluated. The in vivo targeting activity of NGR-modified liposomes was tested in U87-MG orthotopic tumor-bearing nude mice. The anti-VM activity of NGR-SSL-CA4 was also investigated in vitro and in vivo. The targeting activity of the NGR-modified liposomes was demonstrated by in vitro flow cytometry and in vivo biodistribution. The in vitro anti-VM activity of NGR-SSL-CA4 was indicated in a series of cell migration and VM channel experiments. NGR-SSL-CA4 produced very marked anti-tumor and anti-VM activity in U87-MG orthotopic tumor-bearing mice in vivo. Overall, the NGR-SSL-CA4 has great potential in the multi-targeting therapy of glioma involving U87-MG cells, and the VM formed by U87-MG cells as well as endothelial cells producing anti-U87-MG cells, and anti-VM formed by U87-MG cells as well as anti-endothelial cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi-Fan Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shu-Shi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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19
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Abstract
In this study, a novel NGR (Asn-Gly-Arg) peptide-modified liposomal brucine was prepared by using spray-drying method. The surface morphology of the liposomes, encapsulation efficiency and particle size were investigated. The data showed that the addition of NGR did not produce any significant influence on brucine liposomes in terms of particle size or zeta potential. In addition, after 3 months of storage, no dramatic change such as visible aggregation, drug content changes or precipitation in the appearance of NGR-brucine liposomes occurred. The in vitro release results indicated that the release of brucine from NGR liposomes was similar to that of liposomes, demonstrating that the NGR modification did not affect brucine release. The in vitro drug-release kinetic model of NGR-brucine liposomes fitted well with the Weibull's equation. In vivo, NGR-brucine liposomes could significantly extend the bioavailability of brucine; however, there was no significant difference observed in the pharmacokinetic parameters between liposomes and NGR liposomes after intravenous administration. Antitumor activity results showed that NGR-modified liposomes exhibited less toxicity and much higher efficacy in HepG2-bearing mice compared with non-modified liposomes. The enhanced antitumor activity might have occurred because brucine was specifically recognized by NGR receptor on the surface of tumor cells, which enhanced the intracellular uptake of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Li
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Peng Wang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang X, Qiao X, Shang Y, Zhang S, Li Y, He H, Chen SZ. RGD and NGR modified TRAIL protein exhibited potent anti-metastasis effects on TRAIL-insensitive cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Amino Acids 2017; 49:931-941. [PMID: 28236246 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been considered to be a promising anti-tumor agent since the discovery of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis specifically on cancer cells. However, TRAIL resistance of tumor cells and patients remains to be an insurmountable obstacle for its clinical application. Here, we expressed TRAIL-related recombinant protein RGD-TRAIL, TRAIL-NGR, and RGD-TRAIL-NGR by fusing tumor targeting peptides RGD and (or) NGR at the N-terminus and C-terminus, respectively, to not only induce apoptosis of cancer cells but also inhibit metastasis. The fusion proteins possessed potent cytotoxicity with approximative IC50 in H460 and A549 cells, while TRAIL-NGR and RGD-TRAIL-NGR appeared to be more effective in HT1080 and PANC-1 cells which were relatively insensitive to TRAIL. A low concentration of fusion proteins, especially RGD-TRAIL-NGR, could inhibit migration of A549 and HT1080 cells in vitro and lung metastasis in HT1080LUC experimental model in vivo, indicating that the recombinant protein maintained the function of both TRAIL and targeting peptide RGD and NGR, which improved the sensitivity of tumor cells to TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xinran Qiao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongwei He
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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21
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Huang N, Cheng S, Zhang X, Tian Q, Pi J, Tang J, Huang Q, Wang F, Chen J, Xie Z, Xu Z, Chen W, Zheng H, Cheng Y. Efficacy of NGR peptide-modified PEGylated quantum dots for crossing the blood-brain barrier and targeted fluorescence imaging of glioma and tumor vasculature. Nanomedicine 2016; 13:83-93. [PMID: 27682740 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of imaging agents to brain glioma is challenging because the blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions as a physiological checkpoint guarding the central nervous system from circulating large molecules. Moreover, the ability of existing probes to target glioma has been insufficient and needs to be improved. In present study, PEG-based long circulation, CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs)-based nanoscale and fluorescence, asparagines-glycine-arginine peptides (NGR)-based specific CD13 recognition were integrated to design and synthesize a novel nanoprobe by conjugating biotinylated NGR peptides to avidin-PEG-coated QDs. Our data showed that the NGR-PEG-QDs were nanoscale with less than 100 nm and were stable in various pH (4.0~8.0). These nanomaterials with non-toxic concentrations could cross the BBB and target CD13-overexpressing glioma and tumor vasculature in vitro and in vivo, contributing to fluorescence imaging of this brain malignancy. These achievements allowed groundbreaking technological advances in targeted fluorescence imaging for the diagnosis and surgical removal of glioma, facilitating potential transformation toward clinical nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangli Pi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongyi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weifu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huzhi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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22
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Chen J, Lin A, Peng P, Wang Y, Gu W, Liu Y. Lipid composition has significant effect on targeted drug delivery properties of NGR-modified liposomes. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:1426-33. [PMID: 26373704 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1088598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motif has previously been demonstrated to specifically bind to CD13, which is selectively overexpressed in tumor vasculature and some tumor cells (e.g. HT1080). It was reported that NGR-modified stealth liposomes (NGR-SL) could be prepared with different lipid composition, such as 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), hydrogenated soy posphatidylcholine (HSPC) and soy posphatidylcholine (SPC). In the present study, NGR-modified liposomes were prepared with DPPC, HSPC, SPC or the mixture of HSPC and SPC. The resultant liposomes with different lipid composition were compared in terms of cell uptake, antitumor efficacy and targeted drug delivery efficiency using HT1080 tumor model. It was found that NGR-SL composed of the mixture of HSPC and SPC was able to improve targeted drug delivery efficiency to tumor producing the most significant antitumor activity. Collectively, the NGR-modified liposomes composed of the mixture of HSPC and SPC are promising carriers for the treatment of tumor. Besides NGR ligand, lipid composition could also significantly affect the targeted delivery efficiency to the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- a Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Lin
- b The Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China , and
| | - Pei Peng
- b The Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China , and
- c Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center of Targeted Antitumor Drug, Jingchu University of Technology , Jingmen , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- a Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gu
- a Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Liu
- b The Second Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China , and
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Kim DW, Kim WH, Kim MH, Kim CG. Synthesis and evaluation of novel Tc-99m labeled NGR-containing hexapeptides as tumor imaging agents. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:30-5. [PMID: 25583160 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR)-containing peptides targeting aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 can be an excellent candidate for targeting ligands in molecular tumor imaging. In this study, we developed two NGR-containing hexapeptides, and evaluated the diagnostic performance of Tc-99m labeled hexapeptides as molecular imaging agents in an HT-1080 fibrosarcoma-bearing murine model. Peptides were synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis. Radiochemical purity of Tc-99m was evaluated using instant thin-layer chromatography. The uptake of two NGR-containing hexapeptides within HT-1080 cells was evaluated in vitro. In HT-1080 fibrosarcoma tumor-bearing mice, gamma images were acquired. A biodistribution study was performed to calculate percentage of the injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g). Two hexapeptides, glutamic acid-cysteine-glycine (ECG)-NGR and NGR-ECG were successfully synthesized. After radiolabeling procedures with Tc-99m, the complexes Tc-99m hexapeptides were prepared in high yield. The uptake of Tc-99m ECG-NGR within the tumor cells had been assured by in vitro studies. The gamma camera imaging in the murine model showed that Tc-99m ECG-NGR was accumulated substantially in the subcutaneously engrafted tumor. However, Tc-99m NGR-ECG was accumulated minimally in the tumor. Two NGR-containing hexapeptides, ECG-NGR and NGR-ECG were developed as molecular imaging agents to target APN/CD13 in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma. Tc-99m ECG-NGR showed a significant uptake in the tumor, and it is a good candidate for tumor imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Weung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea; Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Agent (RUMIA), Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
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