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Yu Z, Yang J, Huang HH. Smoothing regression and impact measures for accidents of traffic flows. J Appl Stat 2023; 51:1041-1056. [PMID: 38628452 PMCID: PMC11018049 DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2023.2175799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Traffic pattern identification and accident evaluation are essential for improving traffic planning, road safety, and traffic management. In this paper, we establish classification and regression models to characterize the relationship between traffic flows and different time points and identify different patterns of traffic flows by a negative binomial model with smoothing splines. It provides mean response curves and Bayesian credible bands for traffic flows, a single index, and the log-likelihood difference, for traffic flow pattern recognition. We further propose an impact measure for evaluating the influence of accidents on traffic flows based on the fitted negative binomial model. The proposed method has been successfully applied to real-world traffic flows, and it can be used for improving traffic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yu
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hsin-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Jo Y, Sung H. Impact of pre-pandemic travel mobility patterns on the spatial diffusion of COVID-19 in South Korea. J Transp Health 2022; 26:101479. [PMID: 35875053 PMCID: PMC9289010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2022.101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Physical mobility is critical for the spread of infectious diseases in humans. However, few studies have conducted empirical investigations on the impact of pre-pandemic travel mobility patterns on the diffusion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, this study examines its impact at the city-county level on the diffusion by the wave period during the two-year pandemic in South Korea. Methods This study first employs factor analysis by using the travel origin-destination data by travel mode at the county level as of 2019 to derive pre-pandemic travel mobility patterns. Next, the study identifies how they had affected the diffusion of COVID-19 over time by employing the negative binomial regression models on confirmed COVID-19 cases for each wave, including the entire pandemic period. Results The study derived five pre-pandemic mobility patterns: 1) rail-oriented mobility, 2) intra-county bus-oriented mobility, 3) road-oriented mobility, 4) high-speed rail-oriented mobility, and 5) inter-county bus-oriented mobility. Among them, the biggest risk to the diffusion of COVID-19 was the rail-oriented mobility before the pandemic if controlling such measures as accessibility, physical environment, and demographic and socioeconomic indicators. In addition, the order of the magnitudes for the impact of pre-pandemic travel mobility factors on its spatial diffusion had not changed during experiencing the three different wave periods during the two-year pandemic in South Korea. Conclusions The study concludes that the rail-oriented travel mobility pattern before the pandemic could pose the greatest threat factor to the spatial spread of COVID-19 at any scale and time. Policymakers should develop strategies to prevent the spatial spread of COVID-19 by reducing human mobility for daily living in areas with strong rail mobility patterns formed before the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jo
- Graduate School of Urban Studies, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyungun Sung
- Graduate School of Urban Studies, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
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Zhang C, He J, King M, Liu Z, Chen Y, Yan X, Xing L, Zhang H. A crash risk identification method for freeway segments with horizontal curvature based on real-time vehicle kinetic response. Accid Anal Prev 2021; 150:105911. [PMID: 33296839 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the development and maturation of vehicle-based data acquisition technology, in-vehicle data is increasingly being used to explore road safety. This paper reports on research that analyzed the real-time tire force data (kinetic response) obtained from vehicle kinetic experiments, and constructed a new approach for identifying the high-risk of crashes on freeway segments with horizontal curvature. First, the road was divided into 1km units. Then, taking into account the characteristics of freeway alignment, each segment with horizontal curve was selected as the object of subsequent analysis. Automotive instrumentation was used to obtain a measure of tire force in the course of normal driving. The entire data set was preprocessed according to rate of change and the density of the data was reduced. By defining the outliers of the kinetic data and conducting factor analysis, two representative crash risk indicators of longitudinal and lateral stability were obtained. Negative binomial regression model (NBR model) and random effects negative binomial regression model (RENBR model) were constructed and jointly applied based on the new indicators to predict the risk value of horizontal curve segments. The method showed good prediction performance (71.8 %) for high-risk road segments with design flaws, but the predicted effect for low-risk road segments was not ideal. This study not only illustrated the effectiveness of in-vehicle data in assessing road crash risk by coupling multiple kinetic parameters, but also provided support for freeway safety research using surrogate measures of risk when there is a lack of crash statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjian Zhang
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Jie He
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China.
| | - Mark King
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Ziyang Liu
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Yikai Chen
- School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xintong Yan
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Lu Xing
- School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210018, China
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Hutchinson HC, Norby B, Erskine RJ, Sporer KRB, Bartlett PC. Herd management practices associated with bovine leukemia virus incidence rate in Michigan dairy farms. Prev Vet Med 2020; 182:105084. [PMID: 32682155 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify associations between herd management practices and the incidence rate of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infections in Michigan dairy herds. Previous management risk factor studies were of antibody prevalence rather than the rate of recent infections. Milk samples were collected from cohorts of cows on 112 Michigan dairy herds and tested for BLV using an antibody capture ELISA (n = 3849 cows). Cows were subsequently followed for an average of 21 months. Cows negative for anti-BLV antibodies and still present in their respective herds were retested by the same antibody capture ELISA to estimate within-herd incidence rates. The overall crude incidence rate was 1.46 infections per 100 cow-months at risk for the 1314 retested cows in 107 herds. The average within-herd incidence rate was 2.28 infections per 100 cow-months (range: 0 to 9.76 infections per 100 cow-months). A negative binomial regression model was used to identify herd management practices associated with the within-herd incidence rate. Results of the final multivariable model identified higher herd prevalence, milking frequency, needle reuse, as well as housing post-parturient cows separately, to be associated with increased incidence rate. Utilization of sand bedding for the lactating herd was found to be associated with decreased incidence rates. Results of this study suggest potential routes of BLV transmission which should be further investigated as disease control targets in ongoing control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Hutchinson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - B Norby
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - R J Erskine
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - K R B Sporer
- CentralStar Cooperative, 4200 Forest Rd, Lansing, MI 48910, USA
| | - P C Bartlett
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Sun JM, Lu L, Liu KK, Yang J, Wu HX, Liu QY. Forecast of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome incidence with meteorological factors. Sci Total Environ 2018; 626:1188-1192. [PMID: 29898525 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is emerging and some studies reported that SFTS incidence was associated with meteorological factors, while no report on SFTS forecast models was reported up to date. In this study, we constructed and compared three forecast models using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, negative binomial regression model (NBM), and quasi-Poisson generalized additive model (GAM). The dataset from 2011 to 2015 were used for model construction and the dataset in 2016 were used for external validity assessment. All the three models fitted the SFTS cases reasonably well during the training process and forecast process, while the NBM model forecasted better than other two models. Moreover, we demonstrated that temperature and relative humidity played key roles in explaining the temporal dynamics of SFTS occurrence. Our study contributes to better understanding of SFTS dynamics and provides predictive tools for the control and prevention of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Moghimbeigi A. Two-part zero-inflated negative binomial regression model for quantitative trait loci mapping with count trait. J Theor Biol 2015; 372:74-80. [PMID: 25728790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Poisson regression models provide a standard framework for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of count traits. In practice, however, count traits are often over-dispersed relative to the Poisson distribution. In these situations, the zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zero-inflated generalized Poisson (ZIGP) and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression may be useful for QTL mapping of count traits. Added genetic variables to the negative binomial part equation, may also affect extra zero data. In this study, to overcome these challenges, I apply two-part ZINB model. The EM algorithm with Newton-Raphson method in the M-step uses for estimating parameters. An application of the two-part ZINB model for QTL mapping is considered to detect associations between the formation of gallstone and the genotype of markers.
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Shen JC, Luo L, Li L, Jing QL, Ou CQ, Yang ZC, Chen XG. The Impacts of Mosquito Density and Meteorological Factors on Dengue Fever Epidemics in Guangzhou, China, 2006-2014: a Time-series Analysis. Biomed Environ Sci 2015; 28:321-329. [PMID: 26055559 DOI: 10.3967/bes2015.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the associations between the monthly number of dengue fever(DF) cases and possible risk factors in Guangzhou, a subtropical city of China. METHODS The monthly number of DF cases, Breteau Index (BI), and meteorological measures during 2006-2014 recorded in Guangzhou, China, were assessed. A negative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relationships between BI, meteorological factors, and the monthly number of DF cases. RESULTS A total of 39,697 DF cases were detected in Guangzhou during the study period. DF incidence presented an obvious seasonal pattern, with most cases occurring from June to November. The current month's BI, average temperature (Tave), previous month's minimum temperature (Tmin), and Tave were positively associated with DF incidence. A threshold of 18.25 °C was found in the relationship between the current month's Tmin and DF incidence. CONCLUSION Mosquito density, Tave, and Tmin play a critical role in DF transmission in Guangzhou. These findings could be useful in the development of a DF early warning system and assist in effective control and prevention strategies in the DF epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Chuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provinical Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Long Jing
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Quan Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provinical Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Cong Yang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
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