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Zhang T, Liu J, Xiang Y, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhang L, Ying Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Chai F, Zheng M. Quantifying anthropogenic emission of iron in marine aerosol in the Northwest Pacific with shipborne online measurements. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169158. [PMID: 38092217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions are recognized as significant contributors to atmospheric soluble iron (Fe) in recent years, which may affect marine primary productivity, especially in Fe-limited areas. However, the contribution of different emission sources to Fe in marine aerosol has been primarily estimated by modeling approaches. Quantifying anthropogenic Fe based on field measurements remains a great challenge. In this study, online multi-element measurements and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) were combined for the first time to quantify sources of atmospheric Fe and soluble Fe in the Northwest Pacific during a cruise in spring 2015. Fe concentration in 624 atmospheric PM2.5 samples measured online was 74.58 ± 90.87 ng/m3. The PMF results showed anthropogenic activities, including industrial coal combustion, biomass burning, and maritime transport, were important in this region, contributing 31.4 % of atmospheric Fe on average. In addition, anthropogenic Fe concentration resolved by PMF was comparable to the simulation results of the CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) and GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemical transport) models, with better correlation to CMAQ (r = 0.76) than GEOS-Chem (r = 0.26). This study developed a new method to estimate atmospheric soluble Fe, which integrates Fe source apportionment results and Fe solubility from different sources. Soluble Fe concentration was estimated as 3.93 ± 5.14 ng/m3, of which 87.0 % was attributed to anthropogenic emissions. Notably, ship emission alone contributed 27.5 % of soluble Fe, though its contribution to total Fe was only 2.2 %. Finally, the total deposition fluxes of atmospheric Fe (37.11 ± 38.43 μg/m2/day) and soluble Fe (1.85 ± 2.13 μg/m2/day) were estimated. This study developed a new methodology for quantifying contribution of anthropogenic emissions to Fe in marine aerosol, which could greatly help the assessment of impacts of human activities on marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Zhang
- SKL-ESPC and SEPKL-AERM, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- SKL-ESPC and SEPKL-AERM, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yaxin Xiang
- SKL-ESPC and SEPKL-AERM, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- SKL-ESPC and SEPKL-AERM, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Zachary Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qi Ying
- Zachary Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Yuntao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuangling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Fei Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mei Zheng
- SKL-ESPC and SEPKL-AERM, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Xu T, Chai X, Chen C, Watanabe HK, Sun J, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Chen J, Qiu JW, Qian PY. Genetic divergence and migration patterns of a galatheoid squat lobster highlight the need for deep-sea conservation. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17200. [PMID: 37985390 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Information on genetic divergence and migration patterns of vent- and seep-endemic macrobenthos can help delimit biogeographical provinces and provide scientific guidelines for deep-sea conservation under the growing threats of anthropogenic disturbances. Nevertheless, related studies are still scarce, impeding the informed conservation of these hotspots of deep-sea biodiversity. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a population connectivity study on the galatheoid squat lobster Shinkaia crosnieri - a deep-sea foundation species widely distributed in vent and seep ecosystems in the Northwest Pacific. With the application of an interdisciplinary methodology involving population genomics and oceanographic approaches, we unveiled two semi-isolated lineages of S. crosnieri with limited and asymmetrical gene flow potentially shaped by the geographic settings, habitat types, and ocean currents - one comprising vent populations in the Okinawa Trough, with those inhabiting the southern trough area likely serving as the source; the other being the Jiaolong (JR) seep population in the South China Sea. The latter might have recently experienced a pronounced demographic contraction and exhibited genetic introgression from the Okinawa Trough lineage, potentially mediated by the intrusion of the North Pacific Intermediate Water. We then compared the biogeographic patterns between S. crosnieri and two other representative and co-occurring vent- and seep-endemic species using published data. Based on their biogeographical subdivisions and source-sink dynamics, we highlighted the southern Okinawa Trough vents and the JR seep warrant imperative conservation efforts to sustain the deep-sea biodiversity in the Northwest Pacific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xia Chai
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chong Chen
- X-STAR, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan
| | | | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junlin Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Wen Qiu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Choi SW, Yu HJ, Kim JK. Comparative ontogeny and phylogenetic relationships of eight lizardfish species (Synodontidae) from the Northwest Pacific, with a focus on Trachinocephalus monophyly. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:284-303. [PMID: 37877347 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Lizardfish (Aulopiforms: Synodontidae), distributed broadly in temperate to tropical waters, are represented globally by 83 species across four genera, with 10 species in Korea. Despite these numbers, few studies have been conducted on the early life history of lizardfishes compared to their adult counterparts. Thus, we conducted molecular identification of 123 Synodontidae larvae collected from the Northwest Pacific (Korea Strait, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and East Sea) between June 2017 and July 2021, using mitochondrial DNA COI and 16S rRNA sequences. Significant morphological differences were observed in the larvae and juvenile, including variation in melanophore, count, morphometric characteristics, and body shape. The morphological traits of eight species (Harpadon nehereus, Saurida macrolepis, Saurida wanieso, Saurida sp., Synodus hoshinonis, Synodus kaianus, Synodus macrops, and Trachinocephalus trachinus) served as vital data for interpreting the phylogenetic relationships within the Northwest Pacific Synodontidae. Ultimately, the identification key revealed by this study will enable accurate identification of Synodontid larvae and juveniles, and further facilitate our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Won Choi
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Fisheries Resources Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jae Yu
- Fisheries Resources Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Koo Kim
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Park S, Kim G, Kwon HK, Han IS. Long-term changes in the concentrations of nutrients in the marginal seas (Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and East/Japan Sea) neighboring the Korean Peninsula. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 192:115012. [PMID: 37172345 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We examined the changes in the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) in the surface waters of the Yellow Sea (YS), the southern sea (SS) of Korea, and the East/Japan Sea (ES) from 1995 to 2021. These marginal seas neighboring the Korean Peninsula maintained nutrient concentrations approximately an order of magnitude higher than those in the Kuroshio waters, indicating extraordinarily large terrestrial source inputs. Generally, the DIN concentration in the YS increased gradually due to the accumulation of terrestrial inputs, while the nutrient concentrations in the ES declined gradually mainly due to enhanced water stratification. The SS showed the maximum DIN concentrations around 2005, associated with freshwater influence. In Korean coastal waters within ~10 km from the coastline, nutrient concentrations declined sharply during this period due to decreased terrestrial nutrient inputs. The rapid changes in the nutrient levels in these seas may significantly alter biological production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojin Park
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences/Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guebuem Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences/Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeong Kyu Kwon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences/Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seong Han
- Ocean Climate & Ecology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea
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Lin X, Hu L, Chen Z, Dong Y. Thermal heterogeneity is an important factor for maintaining the genetic differentiation pattern of the pelagic barnacle Lepas anatifera in the northwest Pacific. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9843. [PMID: 36844671 PMCID: PMC9944158 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrobenthic invertebrates are ubiquitously distributed in the epipelagic zone of the open ocean. Yet, our understanding of their genetic structure patterns remains poorly understood. Investigating the genetic differentiation patterns of pelagic Lepas anatifera and clarifying the potential roles of temperature maintaining this pattern are crucial for our understanding of the distribution and biodiversity of pelagic macrobenthos. In the present study, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtDNA COI) from three South China Sea (SCS) populations and six Kuroshio Extension (KE) region populations of L. anatifera sampled from fixed buoys and genome-wide SNPs from a subset of populations (two SCS populations and four KE region populations) were sequenced and analyzed for investigating the genetic pattern of the pelagic barnacle. Water temperature was different among sampling sites; in other words, the water temperature decreased with latitude increases, and the water temperature on the surface was higher than in the subsurface. Our result showed that three lineages with clear genetic differentiation were found in different geographical locations and depths based on mtDNA COI, all SNPs, neutral SNPs, and outlier SNPs. Lineage 1 and lineage 2 were dominant in the subsurface populations and surface populations from the KE region, respectively. Lineage 3 was dominant in the SCS populations. Historical events during the Pliocene epoch shaped the differentiation of the three lineages, while, nowadays, temperature heterogeneity maintains the current genetic pattern of L. anatifera in the northwest Pacific. The subsurface populations were genetically isolated from the surface populations in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) region, implying small-scale vertical thermal heterogeneity was also an important factor maintaining the genetic differentiation pattern of the pelagic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Nie Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries CollegeOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
| | - Li‐Sha Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries CollegeOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina,Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
| | - Zhao‐Hui Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System (FDOMES) and Physical Oceanography LaboratoryOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
| | - Yun‐Wei Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries CollegeOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina,Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesPilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina
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Lee HL, Yu HJ, Kim JK. New descriptions of four larval lanternfish species and cryptic diversity of Benthosema pterotum (Pisces: Myctophidae) from the Northwest Pacific. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:1474-1500. [PMID: 36111840 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been many studies on the taxonomy of lanternfishes, morphological similarities during larval and juvenile stages make it difficult to identify species and understand their early life histories. During an ichthyoplankton survey in the Northwest Pacific (East Sea, East China Sea) between 2017 and 2020, a research vessel from the National Institute of Fisheries Science collected larvae and juveniles that belonged to the family Myctophidae using a bongo net. To accurately identify species, mtDNA sequences encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA were obtained and compared with those of adult voucher specimens. These comparisons led to the identification of four previously unknown larval lanternfish species (Diaphus chrysorhynchus, Diaphus suborbitalis, Diaphus watasei and Lampanyctus fernae), which are described here for the first time. The authors also describe the cryptic diversity of Benthosema pterotum and provide identification keys for 10 species of larval lanternfish, in accordance with their developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Lyang Lee
- Major of Marine Biology, Division of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jae Yu
- Fisheries Resources Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Tongyeong, South Korea
| | - Jin-Koo Kim
- Major of Marine Biology, Division of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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Gellert M, Palero F, Błażewicz M. Mislabeling and nomenclatorial confusion of Typhlotanais sandersi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) and establishment of a new genus. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14272. [PMID: 36447516 PMCID: PMC9701501 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Re-examination of historical collections allowed us to resolve the taxonomic status of Typhlotanais sandersi Kudinova-Pasternak, 1985, originally described based on a single specimen from Great-Meteor Seamount. The holotype of this species was considered lost and the species redescribed based on a second specimen from the type locality by Błażewicz-Paszkowycz (2007a), who placed Ty. sandersi on a newly established genus Typhlamia. Thorough morphological analysis of Typhlamia and Typhlotanais species and recently obtained genetic data of typhlotanaids from N Atlantic and NW Pacific waters allow us to conclude that the redescription of Ty. sandersi by Błażewicz-Paszkowycz (2007a) was based on a wrongly labelled specimen that, rather than a type of Ty. sandersi, represents in fact a new species of Typhlamia. The morphological comparison of the type species of Typhlotanais (Ty. aequiremis) with all 'long-bodied' typhlotanaid taxa with rounded pereonites margins (i.e., Typhlamia, Pulcherella, Torquella), and the use of genetic evidence, support the establishment of a new genus to accommodate: Ty. sandersi, Ty. angusticheles Kudinova-Pasternak, 1989, and a third species from N Atlantic waters, that is described here for the first time. Current knowledge on 'long-bodied' typhlotanaids with rounded pereonites is summarised and a taxonomical key for their identification provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gellert
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ferran Palero
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Valencia, Paterna, Spain,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, England
| | - Magdalena Błażewicz
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Wei J, Gu J, Liu M, Lin BA, Lee GY, Wai TC, Lam PKS, Yan M, Leung PTY. Littoral Water in Hong Kong as a Potential Transient Habitat for Juveniles of a Temperate Deepwater Gnomefish, Scombrops boops (Acropomatiformes: Scombropidae). Zool Stud 2021; 60:e33. [PMID: 34963786 DOI: 10.6620/ZS.2021.60-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A total of 40 juveniles belonging to a temperate deepwater gnomefish species, Scombrops boops, were sampled from littoral habitats (2-5 m depth) of eastern Hong Kong waters in April and May 2017 and March 2019. The presence of gnomefish juveniles in subtropical southern China is reported for the first time at a record low latitude of 22°11'-22°21'N. The specimens were identified based on the COI gene sequence. The genetic composition between Japan and Hong Kong gnomefish populations were compared by sequencing the mitochondrial Cytb gene, which showed no genetic differentiation. The juveniles ranged from 3.5-10.1 cm (n = 40) in total length, with 35 individuals caught from Sargassum beds and five from rocky reefs. Our findings highlighted that the littoral habitats in Hong Kong waters, in particular the seasonal Sargassum beds, are important for small juveniles of S. boops.
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F, Yu T, Ma H, Zeng Z. Radioactive impacts of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on blue sharks in the Northwest Pacific. Chemosphere 2021; 285:131537. [PMID: 34329145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA) derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in blue sharks captured in the Northwest Pacific during 2011-2018 were assessed for the first time in the aspects of radioactive contamination, temporal variation, maternal-to-fetus transfer, tissue distribution and radiation dose, to demonstrate the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks. The contribution of the FDNPPA derived radiocesium in blue sharks (>52%) was estimated based on 134Cs/137Csactivity ratios. The effective and ecological half-lives of the FDNPPA derived 134Cs (270 d, 410 d), and 137Cs (430 d, 450 d) were calculated. These contaminations decreased with time and returned to the level before the FDNPPA during the period of Sep. 2017-Sep. 2018.134Cs and 137Cs tended to distribute in muscles, while 110mAg mainly distribute in their guts. 134Cs and 137Cs were also transferred to fetuses and the activities were up to ~30% of the maternal activities. Dose assessment demonstrated that the highest FDNPPA derived dose rate in blue sharks (~0.42 nGy/h) was far below the ERICA ecosystem screening benchmark of 10 μGy/h and the committed effective dose in humans from ingesting blue shark meat (0.06-0.90 μSv) was far less than that from annual consumption of food and water. It was far from causing radiation harm to blue sharks and humans, suggesting that the impacts of the FDNPPA on blue sharks were not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Shiu RF, Gong GC, Fang MD, Chow CH, Chin WC. Marine microplastics in the surface waters of "pristine" Kuroshio. Mar Pollut Bull 2021; 172:112808. [PMID: 34388451 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in oceans. Their transboundary transport and fate have aroused global attention. Taiwan is located close to the western boundary current-Kuroshio, is an excellent location to study of MP mobility in the global current and Pacific Garbage Patch. This study is the first investigation to understand the microplastic contamination from Taiwan to the Kuroshio. MP concentrations in the area varied from N.D. to 0.15 items m-3, with an average concentration of 0.05 ± 0.03 items m-3. The majority of MPs were polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene and terephthalate. We found two MP hotspots near the coastal zone. One additional hotspot was also identified in the "pristine" Kuroshio suggesting rivers and local currents may play critical roles in transporting or injecting MPs from Taiwan into the North Pacific Gyre. These findings suggest that marine environments are altered by anthropogenic disposal and provide needed data for modelling and prediction of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Feng Shiu
- Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Ching Gong
- Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Der Fang
- Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 30011, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hoe Chow
- Department of Marine Environmental Information, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
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Minh Pham HT, Tanaka H, Karanovic I. Molecular and Morphological Diversity of Heterodesmus Brady and Its Phylogenetic Position within Cypridinidae (Ostracoda). Zoolog Sci 2020; 37:240-254. [PMID: 32549538 DOI: 10.2108/zs190118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ostracod genus Heterodesmus Brady, 1866 is known thus far to contain only three species: H. adamsii Brady, 1866; H. apriculus Hiruta, 1992; and H. naviformis (Poulsen, 1962). This genus has been recorded from the Sea of Japan, and the coastal areas of Thailand and Vietnam. The main generic character is the presence of antero-dorsal and postero-dorsal tube-like processes on the rostrum on both valves. The three species mostly differ in the shell lateral projections. Their relationship and the position of Heterodesmus within family Cypridinidae are poorly understood, partly due to the lack of publication of DNA data so far. We study Heterodesmus collected from several localities in the Northwest Pacific, namely Tsushima and Iki Islands in Japan and Maemul Island in Korea. Besides morphological characters, we also use two mitochondrial markers (16S rRNA and mtCOI) and three nuclear regions (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and internal transcribed spacer - ITS) in the samples to detect the biodiversity of this genus. Our phylogenetic tree based on molecular data coupled with morphology reveals the presence of two species, H. adamsii and H. apriculus. We report on their morphological variability, molecular diversity, and phylogenetic position within Cypridinidae based on 16S, 28S and 18S rRNAs, and provide a taxonomic key for all living genera of this family. For the first time, we give an overview of the intrageneric and intrafamily DNA distances of the above markers for the entire subclass Myodocopa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyen Thi Minh Pham
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayato Tanaka
- Tokyo Sea Life Park, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8587, Japan
| | - Ivana Karanovic
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea,
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F, Ma H, Zeng Z. Impact of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on dolphin fishes in the Northwest Pacific. Chemosphere 2020; 257:127267. [PMID: 32534298 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
More than 9 years since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident (FDNPPA), the impact of FDNPPA on marine biota is being revealed. In this work, the evolution of FDNPPA derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in dolphin fishes (Coryphaena hippurus) in the Northwest Pacific from Dec. 2011 to Sept. 2018 were studied. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) of radiocesium (29-69 with the average of 48) in dolphin fishes were calculated. The background level of 137Cs in dolphin fishes (<0.14 Bq/kgfresh weight) before FDNPPA was estimated. The radioactive levels of these three radionuclides in dolphin fishes decreased with time. Among them, 134Cs and 110mAg decreased at the half-lives of 158 days and 54 days at the population level, respectively. After May 2014, 134Cs and 110mAg cannot be detected and the activity of 137Cs returned to the background level before FDNPPA. Radiation dose assessment demonstrated that it was far from causing radiation harm to dolphin fishes in the open ocean of Northwest Pacific and humans who ingested them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging (Ministry of Education) and Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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13
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Men W, Wang F, Yu W, He J, Lin F, Deng F. Impact of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on the neon flying squids in the Northwest Pacific from 2011 to 2018. Environ Pollut 2020; 264:114647. [PMID: 32380393 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Following nine years since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant Acciden (FDNPPA), it might be the time to draw a much clearer conclusion for the impact of FDNPPA on marine biota. In this work, the evolution of the FDNPPA derived 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in the neon flying squids in the Northwest Pacific from 2011 to 2018 were studied. The background level of 137Cs in neon flying squids (<0.10 Bq/kgfresh weight with the average of 0.017 Bq/kgfresh weight) before FDNPPA were estimated. The radioactive levels of 134Cs, 137Cs and 110mAg in neon flying squids decreased with time. 134Cs and 110mAg decreased at the half-lives of 7.6 months and 5.7 months at the population level, respectively. After May 2014, 134Cs and 110mAg cannot be detected and 137Cs activities returned to the background level before FDNPPA. BCFs of cesium isotopes (3.7-17.7 with the average of 10.8) and 110mAg (∼7 × 104) for neon flying squids were estimated. The amount of 110mAg released into the Northwest Pacific (∼20-∼26 TBq) were firstly calculated using a 134Cs/110mAgactivity ratio method. Radiation dose assessment demonstrated that it was far from causing radiation harm to neon flying squids in the open ocean of Northwest Pacific and humans who ingested these neon flying squids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Men
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
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14
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Song YS, Kim JK. A new species of hagfish, Eptatretus wandoensis sp. nov. (Agnatha, Myxinidae), from the southwestern Sea of Korea. Zookeys 2020; 926:81-94. [PMID: 32336921 PMCID: PMC7170979 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.926.48745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Four specimens of the five-gilled white mid-dorsal line hagfish, Eptatretuswandoensissp. nov. were recently collected from the southwestern Sea of Korea (Wando). This new species has five pairs of gill apertures, 14–18 prebranchial slime pores, 4 branchial slime pores, a dark brown back with a white mid-dorsal line and a white belly. These hagfish are similar to Eptatretusburgeri and Eptatretusminor in having a white mid-dorsal line, but can be readily distinguished by the numbers of gill apertures (5 vs. 6–7), gill pouches (5 vs. 6), and prebranchial slime pores (14–18 vs. > 18), as well as the body color (dark brown back vs. gray or brown pale). In terms of genetic differences, Eptatretuswandoensis could be clearly distinguished from E.burgeri (0.9% in 16S rRNA and 8.5% in cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences) and E.minor (4.5% and 13.9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Song
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Korea Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
| | - Jin-Koo Kim
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Korea Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
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15
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Deng F, Lin F, Yu W, He J, Wang F, Chen Z. The distributions of 134Cs, 137Cs and 90Sr in the northwest Pacific seawater in the winter of 2012. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 152:110900. [PMID: 32479281 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To understand the status of the radionuclides released during the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, the 134Cs, 137Cs and 90Sr in the seawater in the public area of the northwest Pacific Ocean were analyzed in November-December 2012. The radioactivity of 134Cs, 137Cs and 90Sr decreased sharply from June 2011 to November-December 2012. The highest average values of 134Cs and 137Cs were found at a depth of 500 m, suggesting that 134Cs and 137Cs had been transported to a depth of 500 m or deeper by the end of 2012. Total inventories of 0.80 ± 0.20 pBq for 137Cs from the surface to a depth of 500 m and 0.07 ± 0.02 pBq for 90Sr from the surface to a depth of 100 m were obtained in the waters southeast of Fukushima. 134Cs was detectable in the Chinese exclusive economic zone, and the seawater quality was much lower than the target level for China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Deng
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Feng Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fengfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Isotopic Technology and Environmental Risk Assessment, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhaohui Chen
- Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate, Pilot Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
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16
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Tsygankov VY, Lukyanova ON, Boyarova MD. Organochlorine pesticide accumulation in seabirds and marine mammals from the Northwest Pacific. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 128:208-213. [PMID: 29571365 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides by marine organisms is one of the methods of environmental quality. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (HCH isomers (α-, β-, γ-HCH), p,p'-DDT and its metabolites (p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE)) in samples of seabirds (Northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis, Crested auklet Aethia cristatella, Auklet-crumb Aethia pusilla, Pacific gull Larus schistisagus, and Gray petrel Oceanodroma furcate) and marine mammals (Gray whales Eschrichtius robustus and Pacific walrus Odobenus rosmarus divergens) were measured by a GC-MS. The total concentration of OCPs in mammals was higher than in seabirds. Environmental biomonitoring with the use of seabirds and marine mammals, as a long-lived species, is used for global monitoring, since bioaccumulation in these organisms occurs throughout life. The environmental assessment of the Northwest Pacific marine ecosystems revealed that the levels of OCP contamination in this area are similar to the other subarctic regions of the World Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy Yu Tsygankov
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091, 8 Sukhanova str., Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Olga N Lukyanova
- School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091, 8 Sukhanova str., Vladivostok, Russia; Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), 690091, 4 Shevchenko Alley, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Margarita D Boyarova
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091, 8 Sukhanova str., Vladivostok, Russia
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17
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Krueger-Hadfield SA, Kollars NM, Strand AE, Byers JE, Shainker SJ, Terada R, Greig TW, Hammann M, Murray DC, Weinberger F, Sotka EE. Genetic identification of source and likely vector of a widespread marine invader. Ecol Evol 2017. [PMID: 28649353 PMCID: PMC5478068 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of native sources and vectors of introduced species informs their ecological and evolutionary history and may guide policies that seek to prevent future introductions. Population genetics provides a powerful set of tools to identify origins and vectors. However, these tools can mislead when the native range is poorly sampled or few molecular markers are used. Here, we traced the introduction of the Asian seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Rhodophyta) into estuaries in coastal western North America, the eastern United States, Europe, and northwestern Africa by genotyping more than 2,500 thalli from 37 native and 53 non‐native sites at mitochondrial cox1 and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. Overall, greater than 90% of introduced thalli had a genetic signature similar to thalli sampled from the coastline of northeastern Japan, strongly indicating this region served as the principal source of the invasion. Notably, northeastern Japan exported the vast majority of the oyster Crassostrea gigas during the 20th century. The preponderance of evidence suggests G. vermiculophylla may have been inadvertently introduced with C. gigas shipments and that northeastern Japan is a common source region for estuarine invaders. Each invaded coastline reflected a complex mix of direct introductions from Japan and secondary introductions from other invaded coastlines. The spread of G. vermiculophylla along each coastline was likely facilitated by aquaculture, fishing, and boating activities. Our ability to document a source region was enabled by a robust sampling of locations and loci that previous studies lacked and strong phylogeographic structure along native coastlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy A Krueger-Hadfield
- Department of Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA.,Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
| | - Nicole M Kollars
- Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA.,Present address: Center for Population Biology University of California Davis CA USA
| | - Allan E Strand
- Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
| | - James E Byers
- Odum School of Ecology University of Georgia Athens GA USA
| | - Sarah J Shainker
- Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
| | - Ryuta Terada
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Kagoshima University Kagoshima City Japan
| | - Thomas W Greig
- NOAA/National Ocean Service Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research Charleston SC USA
| | - Mareike Hammann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - David C Murray
- Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
| | | | - Erik E Sotka
- Grice Marine Laboratory and the Department of Biology College of Charleston Charleston SC USA
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18
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Hu ZM, Li JJ, Sun ZM, Oak JH, Zhang J, Fresia P, Grant WS, Duan DL. Phylogeographic structure and deep lineage diversification of the red alga Chondrus ocellatus Holmes in the Northwest Pacific. Mol Ecol 2016; 24:5020-33. [PMID: 26334439 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A major goal of phylogeographic analysis using molecular markers is to understand the ecological and historical variables that influence genetic diversity within a species. Here, we used sequences of the mitochondrial Cox1 gene and nuclear internal transcribed spacer to reconstruct its phylogeography and demographic history of the intertidal red seaweed Chondrus ocellatus over most of its geographical range in the Northwest Pacific. We found three deeply separated lineages A, B and C, which diverged from one another in the early Pliocene-late Miocene (c. 4.5-7.7 Ma). The remarkably deep divergences, both within and between lineages, appear to have resulted from ancient isolations, accelerated by random drift and limited genetic exchange between regions. The disjunct distributions of lineages A and C along the coasts of Japan may reflect divergence during isolation in scattered refugia. The distribution of lineage B, from the South China Sea to the Korean Peninsula, appears to reflect postglacial recolonizations of coastal habitats. These three lineages do not coincide with the three documented morphological formae in C. ocellatus, suggesting that additional cryptic species may exist in this taxon. Our study illustrates the interaction of environmental variability and demographic processes in producing lineage diversification in an intertidal seaweed and highlights the importance of phylogeographic approaches for discovering cryptic marine biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Min Hu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhong-Min Sun
- Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jung-Hyun Oak
- Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Pusan, 609-735, Korea
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Pablo Fresia
- Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - W Stewart Grant
- Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Anchorage, AK, 99518, USA
| | - De-Lin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
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