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Ji L, Guo W. Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the roles of C1QB and NKG7 in the pancreatic islet immune microenvironment in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106588. [PMID: 36464147 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology is a powerful tool for characterizing individual cells and elucidating biological mechanisms at the cellular level. Using this technology, this study focuses on the mechanism of C1QB and NKG7 in pancreatic islet immune microenvironment in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T1DM-related scRNA-seq data were downloaded from GEO database, followed by batch effect removal, cluster analysis, cell annotation and enrichment analysis. Thereafter, T1DM-related Bulk RNA-seq data were downloaded from GEO database. The infiltrating immune cell abundance was estimated and its correlation with the expression of immune cell marker genes was determined. Functional assays were performed in a constructed rat model of T1DM and cultured monocytes and lymphocytes for further validation. A large number of highly variable genes were found in pancreatic islet samples in T1DM. T1DM islet-derived cells may consist of 14 cell types. Macrophages and T lymphocytes were the major cells in pancreatic islet immune microenvironment. C1QB and NKG7 may be the key genes affecting macrophages and T lymphocytes, respectively. Silencing C1QB inhibited the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and reduced the number of macrophages. Silencing NKG7 prevented T lymphocyte activation and proliferation. In vivo data confirmed that silencing C1QB and NKG7 reduced the number of macrophages and T lymphocytes in the pancreatic islet of T1DM rats, respectively, and alleviated pancreatic islet β-cell damage. Overall, C1QB and NKG7 can increase the number of macrophages and T lymphocytes, respectively, causing pancreatic islet β-cell damage and promoting T1DM in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ji
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, PR China.
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Adeghate E, Saeed Z, D'Souza C, Tariq S, Kalász H, Tekes K, Adeghate EA. Effect of nociceptin on insulin release in normal and diabetic rat pancreas. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:517-529. [PMID: 30112574 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2903-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nociceptin (NC), also known as Orphanin FQ, is a brain peptide involved in the regulation of pain, but its role in the endocrine pancreas is poorly understood. The present study examines the pattern of distribution of NC and its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion after the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were made diabetic with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). Four weeks after the induction of DM, pancreatic tissues were retrieved and processed for immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and insulin and glucagon secretion. Isolated islets from non-diabetic and diabetic rats were used to determine the effect of NC on insulin release. NC was discerned in islet cells of non-diabetic control and diabetic rat pancreata. NC co-localized only with insulin in pancreatic beta cells. NC did not co-localize with either glucagon or somatostatin or pancreatic polypeptide. The number of NC-positive cells was markedly (p < 0.001) reduced after the onset of DM. Electron microscopy study showed that NC is located with insulin in the same secretory granules of the beta cells of both non-diabetic and diabetic rat pancreas. NC inhibits insulin release markedly (p < 0.05) from pancreatic tissue fragments of non-diabetic and diabetic rats. In contrast, NC at 10-12 M stimulates insulin release in isolated islets of DM rats. In conclusion, NC co-localizes with insulin only in the islet of Langerhans. The co-localization of NC with insulin suggests a role for NC in the regulation of pancreatic beta cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Crystal D'Souza
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Tariq
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Huba Kalász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Tekes
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ernest A Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Rahimifard M, Manayi A, Baeeri M, Gholami M, Saeidnia S, Abdollahi M. Investigation of β-Sitosterol and Prangol Extracted from Achillea Tenoifolia Along with Whole Root Extract on Isolated Rat Pancreatic Islets. Iran J Pharm Res 2018; 17:317-325. [PMID: 29755562 PMCID: PMC5937101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The genus Achillea (Asteraceae) consisting of important medicinal species, growing wildly in Iran, of which A. tenuifolia is found in Iran-o-Turan regions. Regarding the traditional use of Achillea species for treatment of diabetes and also lack of information on phyto-constituents of A. tenuifolia underground parts, in this study anti-diabetic activity of the plant have been reported. In order to find the main active components, underground parts of the plant were extracted with water and fractioned by hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol and the separation of the main compounds were carried out via medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC). Also, anti-diabetic effects of the extract were investigated on rat pancreatic islets. The root extract of the plant as well as the compound β-sitosterol showed moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity, however prangol did not suppress the enzyme activity. The results of islet cells' bio-function assays revealed that the herb root extract was able to increase the secretion of insulin in high concentration (10 mg/mL) and improved the cell viability with no toxicity in all doses. Furthermore, the herbal extract could reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The plant extract also significantly decreased the enzyme activity for both caspase-3 and -9 and increased the antioxidant capacity of the isolated cells. Taking together, preparations or extracts from the underground parts of the plant are good candidates for further anti-diabetic investigation and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran. ,M.R. and A.M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Azadeh Manayi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.,M.R. and A.M. contributed equally to this work
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Toxicology and Diseases Group,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soodabeh Saeidnia
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran. ,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail: , 1 M.R. and A.M. contributed equally to this work
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Abstract
We envisage that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) would ameliorate islet anoxia, preventing early graft failure. Thus, treatment of HBO to diabetic recipients should improve the outcome of islet transplantation. We tested this hypothesis by syngeneically transplanting insufficient number of islets (150 islets) into streptozotocin-diabetic C57BL/6 mice, each followed by HBO (2.4 ATA, 100% O2) therapy for 1.5 h from day 0 to 28, once daily (group A) or twice daily (group B), or from day 5 to 28, once daily (group C) or twice daily (group D), 6 days/week. Recipients without HBO treatment served as controls. At day 28 after transplantation, groups B, C, and D gained weight and had lower blood glucose compared with their baseline values. In addition, groups B and D had higher insulin content of the graft than the controls. To determine the optimal timing of HBO therapy, groups B and D were compared with recipients treated with HBO twice daily, 6 days/week, from day -14 to 0 (group E) and from day -14 to 28 (group F). At day 28 after transplantation, groups B, D, E, and F had significantly lower blood glucose than their individual baseline values and higher insulin content of the graft than controls. But only group F had more β-cell mass of the graft than controls. These findings lend credence to the expectation that peritransplant application of adequate frequency of HBO to diabetic recipients would enhance the performance and growth of the islet graft, resulting in an improvement of the outcome of the transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Brend Ray-Sea Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Kuo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steve Wen-Neng Ueng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Li J, Karunananthan J, Pelham B, Kandeel F. Imaging pancreatic islet cells by positron emission tomography. World J Radiol 2016; 8:764-774. [PMID: 27721939 PMCID: PMC5039672 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v8.i9.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It was estimated that every year more than 30000 persons in the United States - approximately 80 people per day - are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D). T1D is caused by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic islet (β cells) cells. Islet transplantation has become a promising therapy option for T1D patients, while the lack of suitable tools is difficult to directly evaluate of the viability of the grafted islet over time. Positron emission tomography (PET) as an important non-invasive methodology providing high sensitivity and good resolution, is able to accurate detection of the disturbed biochemical processes and physiological abnormality in living organism. The successful PET imaging of islets would be able to localize the specific site where transplanted islets engraft in the liver, and to quantify the level of islets remain alive and functional over time. This information would be vital to establishing and evaluating the efficiency of pancreatic islet transplantation. Many novel imaging agents have been developed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of PET islet imaging. In this article, we summarize the latest developments in carbon-11, fluorine-18, copper-64, and gallium-68 labeled radioligands for the PET imaging of pancreatic islet cells.
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Carpino G, Cardinale V, Gentile R, Onori P, Semeraro R, Franchitto A, Wang Y, Bosco D, Iossa A, Napoletano C, Cantafora A, D'Argenio G, Nuti M, Caporaso N, Berloco P, Venere R, Oikawa T, Reid L, Alvaro D, Gaudio E. Evidence for multipotent endodermal stem/progenitor cell populations in human gallbladder. J Hepatol 2014; 60:1194-202. [PMID: 24530598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Multipotent stem/progenitor cells are found in peribiliary glands throughout human biliary trees and are able to generate mature cells of hepato-biliary and pancreatic endocrine lineages. The presence of endodermal stem/progenitors in human gallbladder was explored. METHODS Gallbladders were obtained from organ donors and laparoscopic surgery for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Tissues or isolated cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. EpCAM+ (Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule) cells were immunoselected by magnetic microbeads, plated onto plastic in self-replication conditions and subsequently transferred to distinct serum-free, hormonally defined media tailored for differentiation to specific adult fates. In vivo studies were conducted in an experimental model of liver cirrhosis. RESULTS The gallbladder does not have peribiliary glands, but it has stem/progenitors organized instead in mucosal crypts. Most of these can be isolated by immune-selection for EpCAM. Approximately 10% of EpCAM+ cells in situ and of immunoselected EpCAM+ cells co-expressed multiple pluripotency genes and various stem cell markers; other EpCAM+ cells qualified as progenitors. Single EpCAM+ cells demonstrated clonogenic expansion ex vivo with maintenance of stemness in self-replication conditions. Freshly isolated or cultured EpCAM+ cells could be differentiated to multiple, distinct adult fates: cords of albumin-secreting hepatocytes, branching ducts of secretin receptor+ cholangiocytes, or glucose-responsive, insulin/glucagon-secreting neoislets. EpCAM+ cells transplanted in vivo in immune-compromised hosts gave rise to human albumin-producing hepatocytes and to human Cytokeratin7+ cholangiocytes occurring in higher numbers when transplanted in cirrhotic mice. CONCLUSIONS Human gallbladders contain easily isolatable cells with phenotypic and biological properties of multipotent, endodermal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Gentile
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy; Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Semeraro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Franchitto
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Eleonora Lorillard Spencer-Cenci Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Daniela Bosco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Iossa
- Surgical-Medical Department for Digestive Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Cantafora
- Division of Gastroenterology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Argenio
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Caporaso
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Berloco
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Venere
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Lola Reid
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Eleonora Lorillard Spencer-Cenci Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Ludwig B, Barthel A, Reichel A, Block NL, Ludwig S, Schally AV, Bornstein SR. Modulation of the pancreatic islet-stress axis as a novel potential therapeutic target in diabetes mellitus. Vitam Horm 2014; 95:195-222. [PMID: 24559919 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800174-5.00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Loss of pancreatic islet function and insulin-producing beta cell mass is a central hallmark in the pathogenesis of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. While in type 1 diabetes this phenomenon is due to an extensive destruction of beta cells caused by an autoimmune process, the mechanisms resulting in beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes are different and less clear. Also, beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes occurs early and is the initial step in the pathogenetic process, while beta cell loss in type 2 diabetes after an initial phase of hyperinsulinemia due to the underlying insulin resistance occurs relatively late and it is less pronounced. Since diabetes mellitus is the most frequent endocrine disease, with an increasing high prevalence worldwide, huge efforts have been made over the past many decades to identify predisposing genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors in order to develop effective strategies to prevent the disease. In parallel, extensive studies in different cell systems and animal models have helped to elucidate our understanding of the physiologic function of islets and to gain insight into the immunological and non-immunological mechanisms of beta cell destruction and failure. Furthermore, currently emerging concepts of beta cell regeneration (e.g., the restoration of the beta cell pool by regenerative, proliferative and antiapoptotic processes, and recovery of physiologic islet function) apparently is yielding the first promising results. Recent insights into the complex endocrine and paracrine mechanisms regulating the physiologic function of pancreatic islets, as well as beta cell life and death, constitute an essential part of this new and exciting area of diabetology. For example, understanding of the physiological role of glucagon-like peptide 1 has resulted in the successful clinical implementation of incretin-based therapies over the last years. Further, recent data suggesting paracrine effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone and corticotropin-releasing hormone on the regulation of pancreatic islet function, survival, and proliferation as well as on local glucocorticoid metabolism provide evidence for a potential role of the pancreatic islet-stress axis in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive overview of current preventive and regenerative concepts as a basis for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of diabetes mellitus. A particular focus is given on the potential of the pancreatic islet-stress axis in the development of novel regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ludwig
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; The Paul Langerhans Institute, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Andreas Barthel
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Endokrinologikum Ruhr, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Reichel
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Norman L Block
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Stefan Ludwig
- Department of Visceral, Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew V Schally
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; The Paul Langerhans Institute, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
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