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Wang R, Li B, Shi M, Zhao Y, Lin J, Chen Q, Liu P. Rapid Visual Detection of Peronophythora litchii on Lychees Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Assay Based on the Unique Target Gene Pl_101565. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:555. [PMID: 38498516 PMCID: PMC10891779 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Downy blight, caused by Peronophythora litchii, is a destructive disease that impacts lychee fruit throughout the pre-harvest, post-harvest, and transportation phases. Therefore, the prompt and precise identification of P. litchii is crucial for the effective management of the disease. A novel gene encoding a Rh-type ammonium transporter, Pl_101565, was identified in P. litchii through bioinformatic analysis in this study. Based on this gene, a coupled recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow (RPA-LF) assay for the rapid visual detection of P. litchii was developed. The assay has been shown to detect P. litchii accurately, without cross-reactivity to related pathogenic oomycetes or fungi. Moreover, it can be performed effectively within 15 to 25 min at temperatures ranging from 28 to 46 °C. Under optimized conditions, the RPA-LF assay could detect as low as 1 pg of P. litchii genomic DNA in a 25 μL reaction system. Furthermore, the RPA-LF assay successfully detected P. litchii in infected lychee samples within a 30 min timeframe. These attributes establish the RPA-LF assay as a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for diagnosing P. litchii early; it is particularly suitable for applications in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbo Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Benjin Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingyue Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yumei Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinlong Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Qinghe Chen
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya 572000, China;
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; (R.W.); (B.L.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
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Yu G, Li W, Yang C, Zhang X, Luo M, Chen T, Wang X, Wang R, Chen Q. PlAtg8-mediated autophagy regulates vegetative growth, sporangial cleavage, and pathogenesis in Peronophythora litchii. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0353123. [PMID: 38084976 PMCID: PMC10783124 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03531-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Peronophythora litchii is the pathogen of litchi downy blight, which is the most serious disease in litchi. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process in eukaryotes. Atg8 is a core protein of the autophagic pathway, which modulates growth and pathogenicity in the oomycete P. litchii. In P. litchii, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the PlATG8 impaired autophagosome formation. PlATG8 knockout mutants exhibited attenuated colony expansion, sporangia production, zoospore discharge, and virulence on litchi leaves and fruits. The reduction in zoospore release was likely underpinned by impaired sporangial cleavage. Thus, in addition to governing autophagic flux, PlAtg8 is indispensable for vegetative growth and infection of P. litchii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengdong Yang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Manfei Luo
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Taixu Chen
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xuejian Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Rongbo Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Zhu H, Situ J, Guan T, Dou Z, Kong G, Jiang Z, Xi P. A C 2H 2 Zinc Finger Protein PlCZF1 Is Necessary for Oospore Development and Virulence in Peronophythora litchii. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2733. [PMID: 35269874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
C2H2 zinc finger is one of the most common motifs found in the transcription factors (TFs) in eukaryotes organisms, which have a broad range of functions, such as regulation of growth and development, stress tolerance and pathogenicity. Here, PlCZF1 was identified to encode a C2H2 zinc finger in the litchi downy blight pathogen Peronophythora litchii. PlCZF1 is conserved in P. litchii and Phytophthora species. In P. litchii, PlCZF1 is highly expressed in sexual developmental and early infection stages. We generated Δplczf1 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 method. Compared with the wild type, the Δplczf1 mutants showed no significant difference in vegetative growth and asexual reproduction, but were defective in oospore development and virulence. Further experiments revealed that the transcription of PlM90, PlLLP and three laccase encoding genes were down-regulated in the Δplczf1 mutant. Our results demonstrated that PlCZF1 is a vital regulator for sexual development and pathogenesis in P. litchii.
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Li W, Li P, Zhou X, Situ J, Lin Y, Qiu J, Yuan Y, Xi P, Jiang Z, Kong G. A Cytochrome B 5-Like Heme/Steroid Binding Domain Protein, PlCB5L1, Regulates Mycelial Growth, Pathogenicity and Oxidative Stress Tolerance in Peronophythora litchii. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:783438. [PMID: 34899811 PMCID: PMC8655872 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.783438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an electron transport component, cytochrome b5 is an essential component of the Class II cytochrome P450 monooxygenation system and widely present in animals, plants, and fungi. However, the roles of Cyt-b5 domain proteins in pathogenic oomycetes remain unknown. Peronophythora litchii is an oomycete pathogen that causes litchi downy blight, the most destructive disease of litchi. In this study, we identified a gene, designated PlCB5L1, that encodes a Cyt-b5 domain protein in P. litchii, and characterized its function. PlCB5L1 is highly expressed in the zoospores, cysts, germinated cysts, and during early stages of infection. PlCB5L1 knockout mutants showed reduced growth rate and β-sitosterol utilization. Importantly, we also found that PlCB5L1 is required for the full pathogenicity of P. litchii. Compared with the wild-type strain, the PlCB5L1 mutants exhibited significantly higher tolerance to SDS and sorbitol, but impaired tolerance to cell wall stress, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. Further, the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress tolerance, including peroxidase, cytochrome P450, and laccase genes, were down-regulated in PlCB5L1 mutants under oxidative stress. This is the first report that a Cyt-b5 domain protein contributes to the development, stress response, and pathogenicity in plant pathogenic oomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjian Situ
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Qiu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuling Yuan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zide Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Kong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Department of Plant Pathology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Guo H, Bao J, Lin L, Wang Z, Shi M, Huang Y, Wang R, Li B, Liu P, Chen Q. Genome Sequence Data of Peronophythora litchii, an Oomycete Pathogen Causing Litchi Downy Blight. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2021; 34:707-710. [PMID: 33507115 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-20-0303-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Peronophythora litchii is an oomycete pathogen that exclusively infects litchi, with infection stages affecting a broad range of tissues. In this study, we obtained a near chromosome-level genome assembly of P. litchii ZL2018 from China using Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing and Illumina short-read sequencing. The genome assembly was 64.15 Mb in size and consisted of 81 contigs with an N50 of 1.43 Mb and a maximum length of 4.74 Mb. Excluding 34.67% of repeat sequences, 14,857 protein-coding genes were identified, among which 14,447 genes were annotated. We also predicted 306 candidate RxLR effectors in the assembly. The high-quality genome assembly and annotation resources reported in this study will provide new insight into the infection mechanisms of P. litchii.[Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 "No Rights Reserved" license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiandong Bao
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lianyu Lin
- Fujian University Key Laboratory for Plant-Microbe Interaction, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mingyue Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Rongbo Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Benjin Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
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Huang J, Xi P, Deng Y, Huang W, Wang J, Zhao Q, Yang W, Li W, Situ J, Jiang L, Guan T, Li M, Jiang Z, Kong G. The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase PlMAPK2 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenicity of Peronophythoralitchii. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3524. [PMID: 33805371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As an evolutionarily conserved pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades function as the key signal transducers that convey information by protein phosphorylation. Here we identified PlMAPK2 as one of 14 predicted MAPKs encoding genes in the plant pathogenic oomycete Peronophythora litchii. PlMAPK2 is conserved in P.litchii and Phytophthora species. We found that PlMAPK2 was up-regulated in sporangium, zoospore, cyst, cyst germination and early stage of infection. We generated PlMAPK2 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 method. Compared with wild-type strain, the PlMAPK2 mutants showed no significant difference in vegetative growth, oospore production and sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. However, the sporangium release was severely impaired. We further found that the cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate zoospores was disrupted in the PlMAPK2 mutants, and this developmental phenotype was accompanied by reduction in the transcription levels of PlMAD1 and PlMYB1 genes. Meanwhile, the PlMAPK2 mutants exhibited lower laccase activity and reduced virulence to lychee leaves. Overall, this study identified a MAPK that is critical for zoosporogenesis by regulating the sporangial cleavage and pathogenicity of P.litchii, likely by regulating laccase activity.
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Zhang Z, Wang T, Liu G, Hu M, Yun Z, Duan X, Cai K, Jiang G. Inhibition of downy blight and enhancement of resistance in litchi fruit by postharvest application of melatonin. Food Chem 2021; 347:129009. [PMID: 33444889 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Litchis are tasty fruit with economic importance. However, the extreme susceptibility of harvested litchis to litchi downy blight caused by Peronophythora litchii leads to compromised quality. This study aimed to study the effects of melatonin on postharvest resistance to P. litchii in 'Feizixiao' litchis. Results showed that melatonin restricted lesion expansion in litchis after P. litchi inoculation. Melatonin enhanced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase and 4-hydroxycinnamate CoA ligase while promoting the accumulations of phenolics and flavonoids. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate content and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconic acid dehydrogenase activities were higher in treated fruit than control fruit. Higher energy status along with elevated H+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome C oxidase activities were observed in treated fruit. Ultrastructural observation showed reduced damage in mitochondria in treated fruit. The results suggest that melatonin induced resistance in litchis by modulating the phenylpropanoid and pentose phosphate pathways as well as energy metabolism. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengke Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Gangshuai Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Meijiao Hu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, PR China
| | - Ze Yun
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Kun Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Guoxiang Jiang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
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Kong G, Chen Y, Deng Y, Feng D, Jiang L, Wan L, Li M, Jiang Z, Xi P. The Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor PlBZP32 Associated with the Oxidative Stress Response Is Critical for Pathogenicity of the Lychee Downy Blight Oomycete Peronophythora litchii. mSphere 2020; 5:e00261-20. [PMID: 32493721 DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00261-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we utilized the RNAi technique to investigate the functions of PlBZP32, which possesses a basic leucine zipper (bZIP)-PAS structure, and provided insights into the contributions of bZIP transcription factors to oxidative stress, the production of sporangia, the germination of cysts, and the pathogenicity of Peronophythora litchii. This study also revealed the role of PlBZP32 in regulating the enzymatic activities of extracellular peroxidases and laccases in the plant-pathogenic oomycete. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are widespread in eukaryotes, including plants, animals, fungi, and oomycetes. However, the functions of bZIPs in oomycetes are rarely known. In this study, we identified a bZIP protein possessing a special bZIP-PAS structure in Peronophythora litchii, named PlBZP32. We found that PlBZP32 is upregulated in zoospores, in cysts, and during invasive hyphal growth. We studied the functions of PlBZP32 using the RNAi technique to suppress the expression of this gene. PlBZP32-silenced mutants were more sensitive to oxidative stress, showed a lower cyst germination rate, and produced more sporangia than the wild-type strain SHS3. The PlBZP32-silenced mutants were also less invasive on the host plant. Furthermore, we analyzed the activities of extracellular peroxidases and laccases and found that silencing PlBZP32 decreased the activities of P. litchii peroxidase and laccase. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the functions of a bZIP-PAS protein are associated with oxidative stress, asexual development, and pathogenicity in oomycetes. IMPORTANCE In this study, we utilized the RNAi technique to investigate the functions of PlBZP32, which possesses a basic leucine zipper (bZIP)-PAS structure, and provided insights into the contributions of bZIP transcription factors to oxidative stress, the production of sporangia, the germination of cysts, and the pathogenicity of Peronophythora litchii. This study also revealed the role of PlBZP32 in regulating the enzymatic activities of extracellular peroxidases and laccases in the plant-pathogenic oomycete.
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Zheng L, Situ JJ, Zhu QF, Xi PG, Zheng Y, Liu HX, Zhou XF, Jiang ZD. Dataset on collecting volatile compounds produced by three bacteria and testing their efficacy against the pathogen Peronophythora litchii. Data Brief 2019; 25:104345. [PMID: 31485468 PMCID: PMC6715820 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article provides supporting information to a related research article “Identification of volatile organic compounds for the biocontrol of postharvest litchi fruit pathogen Peronophythora litchii” (Zheng et al., 2019) [1]. The litchi downy blight (LDB) caused by Peronophythora litchii is a major postharvest disease that can severely damage litchi trees and harvested litchi fruit. This data article describes the analysis of volatile compounds (VOCs) in three bacterial biological control agents (BCAs) of LDB (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PP19, Bacillus pumilus PI26, and Exiguobacterium acetylicum SI17) via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Volatile compounds produced by the three BCAs were captured at five culture time of 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h by a solid-phase micro extraction method. The chemical compositions were identified and their retention times as well as relative peak areas were analyzed. Compounds commonly produced at more than one time points were then subjected to in vitro (on petri dish) and in vivo (litchi fruit and leaves) evaluations for their antagonistic activities against the pathogen Peronophythora litchii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou Experimental Station, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510140, China
| | - Jun-jian Situ
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Qing-feng Zhu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, GuangZhou, GuangDong 510640, China
| | - Ping-gen Xi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Hong-xia Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-fan Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
| | - Zi-de Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
- Corresponding author.
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Jiang L, Situ J, Deng YZ, Wan L, Xu D, Chen Y, Xi P, Jiang Z. PlMAPK10, a Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) in Peronophythora litchii, Is Required for Mycelial Growth, Sporulation, Laccase Activity, and Plant Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:426. [PMID: 29568294 PMCID: PMC5852060 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are ubiquitous and evolutionarily conserved signal transduction modules directing cellular respond to a diverse array of stimuli, in the eukaryotic organisms. In this study, PlMAPK10 was identified to encode a MAPK in Peronophythora litchii, the oomycete pathogen causing litchi downy blight disease. PlMAPK10, containing a specific and highly conserved dual phosphorylation lip sequence SEY (Serine-Glutamic-Tyrosine), represents a novel group of MAPKs as previously reported. Transcriptional profiling showed that PlMAPK10 expression was up-regulated in zoospore and cyst stages. To elucidate its function, the PlMAPK10 gene was silenced by stable transformation. PlMAPK10 silence did not impair oospore production, sporangium germination, zoospore encyst, or cyst germination but hindered hyphal growth, sporulation, pathogenicity, likely due to altering laccase activity. Over all, our results indicated that a MAPK encoded by PlMAPK10 gene in P. litchii is important for pathogenic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjian Situ
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhen Deng
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Wan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zide Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Xing M, Zheng L, Deng Y, Xu D, Xi P, Li M, Kong G, Jiang Z. Antifungal Activity of Natural Volatile Organic Compounds against Litchi Downy Blight Pathogen Peronophythora litchii. Molecules 2018; 23:E358. [PMID: 29419754 PMCID: PMC6017977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a commercially important fruit but its production and quality are restricted by litchi downy blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Peronophythora litchii Chen. Volatile substances produced by a biocontrol antinomycetes Streptomyces fimicarius BWL-H1 could inhibited P. litchii growth and development both in vitro and in detached litchi leaf and fruit infection assay. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses indicated that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from BWL-H1 resulted in severe damage to the endomembrane system and cell wall of P. litchii cells in vitro and abnormal morphology of appressoria, as well as deformed new hyphae in infection process. VOCs could suppress mycelial growth, sporulation, while with no obvious effect on sporangia germination. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometric analyses, 32 VOCs were identified from S. fimicarius BWL-H1, the most abundant of which was phenylethyl alcohol. Eight VOCs, including phenylethyl alcohol, ethyl phenylacetate, methyl anthranilate, α-copaene, caryophyllene, humulene, methyl salicylate and 4-ethylphenol, that are commercially available, were purchased and their bioactivity was tested individually. Except for humulene, the other seven tested volatile compounds shown strong inhibitory activity against mycelial growth, sporulation, sporangia germination and germ-tube growth of P. litchii. Especially, 4-ethylphenol showed the highest inhibitory effect on sporulation at a very low concentration of 2 µL/L. Overall, our results provided a better understanding of the mode of action of volatiles from BWL-H1 on P. litchii, and showed that volatiles from BWL-H1 have the potential for control of postharvest litchi downy blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Xing
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou Experimental Station, Guangzhou 510140, China.
| | - Yizhen Deng
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Guanghui Kong
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zide Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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12
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Jiang L, Ye W, Situ J, Chen Y, Yang X, Kong G, Liu Y, Tinashe RJ, Xi P, Wang Y, Jiang Z. A Puf RNA-binding protein encoding gene PlM90 regulates the sexual and asexual life stages of the litchi downy blight pathogen Peronophythora litchii. Fungal Genet Biol 2016; 98:39-45. [PMID: 27939344 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sexual and asexual reproduction are two key processes in the pathogenic cycle of many filamentous pathogens. However in Peronophythora litchii, the causal pathogen for the litchi downy blight disease, critical regulator(s) of sexual or asexual differentiation has not been elucidated. In this study, we cloned a gene named PlM90 from P. litchii, which encodes a putative Puf RNA-binding protein. We found that PlM90 was highly expressed during asexual development, and much higher than that during sexual development, while relatively lower during cyst germination and plant infection. By polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation, we generated three PlM90-silenced transformants and found a severely impaired ability in sexual spore production and a delay in stages of zoospore release and encystment. However, the pathogenicity of P. litchii was not affected by PlM90-silencing. Therefore we conclude that PlM90 specifically regulates the sexual and asexual differentiation of P. litchii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wenwu Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Junjian Situ
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yubin Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Guanghui Kong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yaya Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Runyanga J Tinashe
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zide Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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