1
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Liu J, Zhang S, Ma H, Huang J, Xiang M, Liu X. Inhibition and biocontrol potential of Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense NC1 against four Phytophthora species. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2024; 69:327-334. [PMID: 37989280 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora species are highly destructive soilborne oomycetes pathogens that spread through infested soil and water. Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense NC1 has been shown to inhibit plant parasitic nematodes via volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of O. pseudogrignonense NC1 against four Phytophthora species on agar plates and in vivo bioassay. We found that NC1 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth and zoospore production of all four species of Phytophthora in a dose-dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for inhibition of mycelial growth (or zoospore production) were 26% (14.8%), 18.9% (14.2%), 20.3% (8.3%) and 46.9% (4%) for Phytophthora capsici Leonian, Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotiana and Phytophthora sojae, respectively. The biocontrol efficiency of NC1 was 46.3% in pepper seedlings against P. capsici, almost 100% in potato tubers against P. infestans, 60% in tomato leave against P. parasitica and 100% in soybean leave against P. sojae, respectively. Our findings suggest that O. pseudogrignonense NC1 has great potential as a biocontrol agent for managing Phytophthora diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Mcrobiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Mcrobiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
| | - Haikun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Mcrobiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
| | - Jun Huang
- Shandong Yuanchen Biomedical Technology Group Co., Ltd
| | - Meichun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Mcrobiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University
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2
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Liu X, Li C, Fu Y, Dai T, Miao J, Liu X. Characteristics of fluopicolide-resistance mutants in Phytophthora nicotianae, the pathogen causing black shank disease in tobacco. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 201:105876. [PMID: 38685244 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Black shank, a devastating disease in tobacco production worldwide, is caused by the oomycete plant pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae. Fluopicolide is a pyridinylmethyl-benzamides fungicide with a unique mechanism of action and has been widely used for controlling a variety of oomycetes such as Plasmopara viticola, Phytophthora infestans, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, P. nicotianae and Bremia lactucae. However, the fluopicolide-resistance risk and molecular basis in P. nicotianae have not been reported. In this study, the sensitivity profile of 141 P. nicotianae strains to fluopicolide was determined, with a mean median effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.12 ± 0.06μg/mL. Five stable fluopicolide-resistant mutants of P. nicotianae were obtained by fungicide adaptation, and the compound fitness index of these resistant mutants were lower than that of their parental isolates. Additionally, cross-resistance tests indicated that the sensitivity of fluopicolide did not correlate with other oomycete fungicides, apart from fluopimomide. DNA sequencing revealed two point mutations, G765E and N769Y, in the PpVHA-a protein in the fluopicolide-resistant mutants. Transformation and expression of PpVHA-a genes carrying G765E and N769Y in the sensitive wild-type isolate confirmed that it was responsible for fluopicolide resistance. These results suggest that P. nicotianae has a low to medium resistance risk to fluopicolide in laboratory and that point mutations, G765E and N769Y, in PpVHA-a are associated with the observed fluopicolide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yixin Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tan Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wu Y, Mao G, Xing G, Tian Y, Hu Y, Liao C, Li L, Zhu X, Li J. Study on the Design, Synthesis, Bioactivity and Translocation of the Conjugates of Phenazine-1-carboxylic Acid and N-Phenyl Alanine Ester. Molecules 2024; 29:1780. [PMID: 38675600 PMCID: PMC11051964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural pesticide phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is known to lack phloem mobility, whereas Metalaxyl is a representative phloem systemic fungicide. In order to endow PCA with phloem mobility and also enhance its antifungal activity, thirty-two phenazine-1-carboxylic acid-N-phenylalanine esters conjugates were designed and synthesized by conjugating PCA with the active structure N-acylalanine methyl ester of Metalaxyl. All target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The antifungal evaluation results revealed that several target compounds exhibited moderate to potent antifungal activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora citrophthora. In particular, compound F7 displayed excellent antifungal activity against S. sclerotiorum with an EC50 value of 6.57 µg/mL, which was superior to that of Metalaxyl. Phloem mobility study in castor bean system indicated good phloem mobility for the target compounds F1-F16. Particularly, compound F2 exhibited excellent phloem mobility; the content of compound F2 in the phloem sap of castor bean was 19.12 μmol/L, which was six times higher than Metalaxyl (3.56 μmol/L). The phloem mobility tests under different pH culture solutions verified the phloem translocation of compounds related to the "ion trap" effect. The distribution of the compound F2 in tobacco plants further suggested its ambimobility in the phloem, exhibiting directional accumulation towards the apical growth point and the root. These results provide valuable insights for developing phloem mobility fungicides mediated by exogenous compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Guoqing Mao
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Gaoshan Xing
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yong Hu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Changzhou Liao
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Li Li
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junkai Li
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.W.); (G.M.); (G.X.); (Y.T.); (Y.H.); (C.L.); (L.L.)
- Institute of Pesticides, Yangtze University, Jingmi Road 88, Jingzhou 434025, China
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Hansel J, Saville AC, Ristaino JB. Evaluation of a Formulation of Bacillus subtilis for Control of Phytophthora Blight of Bell Pepper. Plant Dis 2024; 108:1014-1024. [PMID: 38085974 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-23-0807-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Phytophthora blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is one of the most economically significant diseases of bell pepper in the United States. Over the past several decades, isolates of P. capsici exhibiting resistance to mefenoxam and other fungicides have been reported. Fungicide resistance coupled with an increased market for organically grown crops has led to interest in biological control as a disease management option. In this work, an isolate of Bacillus subtilis (AFS032321) was evaluated for control of Phytophthora blight of bell pepper in the greenhouse and field. A 28% active ingredient wettable powder formulation of the strain was applied as a soil drench at transplanting prior to inoculation. Treatment with this formulation of B. subtilis significantly reduced the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) by up to 52% compared to untreated control plants in greenhouse tests. Comparisons between applying the biocontrol weekly after seeding for 5 weeks versus a single application at transplanting (5 weeks) indicated no significant benefits of additional applications. The formulation of B. subtilis reduced disease caused by a mefenoxam-resistant isolate of P. capsici, while mefenoxam failed. The biocontrol efficacy of formulated strains was not affected in different soil types or potting media. However, disease was more severe in sandy soils. In field experiments that were conducted with a mefenoxam-sensitive isolate, disease incidence and severity of Phytophthora blight were significantly reduced at all rates of B. subtilis in 2019 except the 16.8 kg ha-1 rate. In both years, mefenoxam was more effective than B. subtilis in controlling disease in the field. B. subtilis did not affect the spatial dynamics of pathogen spread within rows. While the precise mechanism(s) of action is unclear, in vitro dual-culture tests suggest direct antagonism, as B. subtilis significantly inhibited colony growth of P. capsici. AgBiome has recently released a new formulation of the AFS032321 strain named Theia, with higher active ingredients for commercial applications and biocontrol of P. capsici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeana Hansel
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Amanda C Saville
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Jean Beagle Ristaino
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
- Emerging Plant Disease and Global Food Security Cluster, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
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Liu F, Cao X, Xing L, He B, Zhang N, Zeng W, Xin H, Xue W. Design, Synthesis, Biological Activity Evaluation and Action Mechanism of Myricetin Derivatives Containing Thiazolebisamide. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201103. [PMID: 36683342 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The plant diseases caused by a variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and fungi pose a great threat to global food production and food safety. Therefore, the search for green, efficient and pollution-free pesticides has become an important task. In this article, 23 myricetin derivatives containing thiazolebisamides active groups have been designed and synthesized. Their activities were evaluated by performing in vitro antibacterial and in vivo antiviral assays, microscale thermophoresis (MST) and molecular docking assays. The results of in vivo antiviral assays showed that compounds A4 and A23 exhibited good antiviral activity with EC50 values of 79.0 and 54.1 μg/mL for therapeutic activity and 103.3 and 91.2 μg/mL for protective activity, respectively. The dissociation constants (Kd) values of compounds A4 and A23 against TMV-CP were 0.021 and 0.018 μM, respectively, determined by microscale thermophoresis (MST), which were much smaller than those of the commercial drug ningnanmycin (NNM), which were 2.84 μM. The interaction of compounds A4, A23 with TMV-CP was further verified at the molecular level. In addition, in vitro antifungal assays of this series of compounds showed that they exhibited some inhibitory activity against a variety of fungi, especially against the phytophthora capsici. Among them, A13 and A20 showed similar inhibitory activity to the control drug azoxystrobin at 100 μg/mL against the phytophthora capsici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Li Xing
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bangcan He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hui Xin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wei Xue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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6
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Kalhoro MT, Zhang H, Kalhoro GM, Wang F, Chen T, Faqir Y, Nabi F. Fungicidal properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oils against Phytophthora colocasiae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2191. [PMID: 35140298 PMCID: PMC8828847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, plant essential oils (EOs) have attracted special attention in plant disease control and food preservation. Since ancient times, essential oils extracted from plants have exhibited many biological characteristics, especially antimicrobial properties. Recent studies have described the potentials of EOs and derivatives to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, mainly in response of overwhelming concerns of consumers about food safety. In the context of returning to nature, with the advancement of science and technology and improved living standards, people have begun to seek solutions for food hygiene without chemical additives. Therefore, biological pesticides and plant-oriented chemicals have received special attention from scientists because they are environmentally friendly and nonhazardous, sustainable, and effective alternatives against many noxious phytopathogens. Present study is intended to appraise the fungicidal properties of ginger EOs to combat leaf blight disease of taro, which threatens global taro production. Farmers often hinge on extremely toxic synthetic fungicides to manage diseases, but the residual effects and resistance of chemicals are unavoidable. The microwave-assisted hydrodistillation method was used for ginger EOs extraction and an FTIR (ATR) spectrometer was used to evaluate their chemical composition and citral was identified as most abundant compound (89.05%) in oil. The pathogen isolated from lesions of diseased taro plants was identified as Phytophthora colocasiae and used as test fungus in the present study. Ginger EO was evaluated in-vitro for antifungal properties against mycelium growth, sporangium production, zoospore germination, leaf, and corm necrosis inhibition. Repeated experiments have shown that the concentration of ginger essential oil (1250 ppm) proved to be the lowest dose to obtain 100% inhibition of fungal growth and spore germination, sporangia formation and leaf necrosis assessment. These results are derived from this fungal species and a hypothesis that involves further research on other plant pathogens to demonstrate the overall potency of essential oils. This study references the easy, economic, and environmental management and control of plant diseases using essential oils and byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Talib Kalhoro
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Kalhoro
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukai Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yahya Faqir
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Farhan Nabi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
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Siegenthaler TB, Hansen ZR. Sensitivity of Phytophthora capsici from Tennessee to Mefenoxam, Fluopicolide, Oxathiapiprolin, Dimethomorph, Mandipropamid, and Cyazofamid. Plant Dis 2021; 105:3000-3007. [PMID: 33736467 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1805-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora blight is a destructive disease caused by the oomycete Phytophthora capsici, which affects vegetable production throughout the state of Tennessee and worldwide. Fungicides are a primary control method used in managing Phytophthora blight, but in some cases the efficacy of these products has been reduced or lost in the field. In 2018 and 2019, the efficacy of six fungicides was tested in vitro on 184 P. capsici isolates collected in Tennessee using radial growth assays. The fungicides included in the study were mefenoxam, fluopicolide, oxathiapiprolin, dimethomorph, mandipropamid, and cyazofamid. Seven isolates were resistant to mefenoxam, 86 were resistant to fluopicolide, one was resistant to oxathiapiprolin, and 13 were resistant to cyazofamid. None were resistant to dimethomorph or mandipropamid. Of the 86 isolates resistant to fluopicolide, five were also resistant to mefenoxam. Resistance to fluopicolide and cyazofamid was widespread in Tennessee, and it was more localized for mefenoxam and oxathiapiprolin. The results of this study show that fungicide resistance is widespread in P. capsici in Tennessee, and the implications for Phytophthora blight management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachariah R Hansen
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
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Masi M, Di Lecce R, Marsico G, Linaldeddu BT, Maddau L, Superchi S, Evidente A. Pinofuranoxins A and B, Bioactive Trisubstituted Furanones Produced by the Invasive Pathogen Diplodia sapinea. J Nat Prod 2021; 84:2600-2605. [PMID: 34469140 PMCID: PMC8477388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two new bioactive trisubstituted furanones, named pinofuranoxins A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from Diplodia sapinea, a worldwide conifer pathogen causing severe disease. Pinofuranoxins A and B were characterized essentially by NMR and HRESIMS spectra, and their relative and absolute configurations were assigned by NOESY experiments and computational analyses of electronic circular dichroism spectra. They induced necrotic lesions on Hedera helix L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., and Quercus ilex L. Compound 1 completely inhibited the growth of Athelia rolfsii and Phytophthora cambivora, while 2 showed antioomycetes activity against P. cambivora. In the Artemia salina assay both toxins showed activity inducing larval mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Masi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Lecce
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Marsico
- Dipartimento
di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano
10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu
- Dipartimento
Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali, Università
di Padova, Viale dell’Università
16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Maddau
- Dipartimento
di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Superchi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze, Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano
10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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Olmedo GM, Baigorria CG, Ramallo AC, Sepulveda M, Ramallo J, Volentini SI, Rapisarda VA, Cerioni L. Inhibition of the lemon brown rot causal agent Phytophthora citrophthora by low-toxicity compounds. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:3613-3619. [PMID: 33275277 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora spp., soil-borne oomycetes, cause brown rot (BR) on postharvest lemons. The management of this disease is based on cultural practices and chemical control using inorganic salts of limited efficacy. In the search for new alternatives, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of low-toxicity compounds to inhibit the growth of P. citrophthora and to control BR disease on lemons. Sodium bicarbonate, potassium sorbate, polyhexamethylene guanidine, Ascophyllum nodosum extract and a formulation containing phosphite salts plus A. nodosum (P+An) were evaluated. RESULTS All tested products inhibited mycelial growth, sporangia formation and zoospore germination of P. citrophthora in vitro. In postharvest applications on artificially inoculated lemons, only P+An exhibited a BR curative effect, with incidence reduction of around 60%. When this formulation was applied in field treatments, BR incidence was reduced by 40% on lemons harvested and inoculated up to 30 days post application. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the in vitro direct anti-oomycete effect of low-toxicity compounds and the in vivo efficacy of P+An formulation to control BR, encouraging the incorporation of the latter in the management of citrus BR. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Olmedo
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carina G Baigorria
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ana C Ramallo
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Milena Sepulveda
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo e Investigación, SA San Miguel, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Jacqueline Ramallo
- Laboratorio de Desarrollo e Investigación, SA San Miguel, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sabrina I Volentini
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Viviana A Rapisarda
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciana Cerioni
- Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, CONICET-UNT, and Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), and Instituto de Química Biológica 'Dr Bernabé Bloj', San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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10
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PINEDA-SUAZO DAISY, MONTERO-VARGAS JOSAPHATMIGUEL, ORDAZ-ORTIZ JOSÉJUAN, VÁZQUEZ-MARRUFO GERARDO. Growth Inhibition of Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes by Basidiomycete Irpex lacteus and Identification of its Antimicrobial Extracellular Metabolites. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 70:131-136. [PMID: 33815534 PMCID: PMC8008764 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2021-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In dual culture confrontation assays, basidiomycete Irpex lacteus efficiently antagonized Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Phytophthora spp. phytopathogenic strains, with growth inhibition percentages between 16.7-46.3%. Antibiosis assays evaluating the inhibitory effect of soluble extracellular metabolites indicated I. lacteus strain inhibited phytopathogens growth between 32.0-86.7%. Metabolites in the extracellular broth filtrate, identified by UPLC-QTOF mass spectrometer, included nine terpenes, two aldehydes, and derivatives of a polyketide, a quinazoline, and a xanthone, several of which had antifungal activity. I. lacteus strain and its extracellular metabolites might be valuable tools for phytopathogenic fungi and oomycete biocontrol of agricultural relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- DAISY PINEDA-SUAZO
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | | | - GERARDO VÁZQUEZ-MARRUFO
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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11
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Liu P, Cai Y, Zhang J, Wang R, Li B, Weng Q, Chen Q. Antifungal activity of liquiritin in Phytophthora capsici comprises not only membrane-damage-mediated autophagy, apoptosis, and Ca 2+ reduction but also an induced defense responses in pepper. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 209:111813. [PMID: 33360212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici causes a severe soil-borne disease in a wide variety of vegetables; to date, no effective strategies to control P. capsici have been developed. Liquiritin (LQ) is a natural flavonoid found in licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp.) root, and it is used in pharmaceuticals. However, the antifungal activity of LQ against P. capsici remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that LQ inhibits P. capsici mycelial growth and sporangial development. In addition, the EC50 of LQ was 658.4 mg/L and LQ caused P. capsici sporangia to shrink and collapse. Next, LQ severely damaged the cell membrane integrity, leading to a 2.0-2.5-fold increase in relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde concentration, and a 65-70% decrease in sugar content. Additionally, the H2O2 content was increased about 2.0-2.5 fold, but the total antioxidant activity, catalase activity and laccase activity were attenuated by 40-45%, 30-35% and 70-75%. LQ also induced autophagy, apoptosis, and reduction of intracellular Ca2+ content. Furthermore, LQ inhibited P. capsici pathogenicity by reducing the expression of virulence genes PcCRN4 and Pc76RTF, and stimulating the plant defense (including the activated transcriptional expression of defense-related genes CaPR1, CaDEF1, and CaSAR82, and the increased antioxidant enzyme activity). Our results not only elucidate the antifungal mechanism of LQ but also suggest a promising alternative to commercial fungicides or a key compound in the development of new fungicides for the control of the Phytophthora disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqing Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China.
| | - Yushan Cai
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Rongbo Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Benjin Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Qiyong Weng
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China; Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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12
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Ren L, Huang B, Fang W, Zhang D, Cheng H, Song Z, Yan D, Li Y, Wang Q, Zhou Z, Cao A. Multi-Encapsulation Combination of O/W/O Emulsions with Polyurea Microcapsules for Controlled Release and Safe Application of Dimethyl Disulfide. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:1333-1344. [PMID: 33351598 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), a promising alternative fumigant, has been highly desirable for excellent management of soil pests and diseases. However, high volatility and moderate toxicity of this sulfide limit its application. To address these issues, a novel controlled release formulation of DMDS was proposed employing multiple emulsions and polyurea microcapsules (DMDS@MEs-MCs). The successful combination of the two technologies was revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared. According to the multiple encapsulation structure, the encapsulation efficiency decreased by only 3.13% after thermal storage, compared with a 15.21% decrease of microcapsules made with only a monolayer film. DMDS@MEs-MCs could effectively control the release of active ingredient, which increased applicator and environmental safety during application. Moreover, it could be facilely used by spraying and drip irrigation instead of a special fumigation device. The innovative formulation exhibited better control efficacy on soil pathogens (Fusarium spp. and Phytophthora spp.) and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) than DMDS technical concentration (DMDS TC). In addition, it did not inhibit seed germination after 10 days when the plastic film was removed from the fumigated soil. This method appears to be of broad interest for the development of safe and handy fumigant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirui Ren
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongyan Cheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaoxin Song
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongdong Yan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Aocheng Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System, Beijing 100029, China
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13
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Huang D, Wang S, Song D, Cao X, Huang W, Ke S. Discovery of γ-Lactam Alkaloid Derivatives as Potential Fungicidal Agents Targeting Steroid Biosynthesis. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:14438-14451. [PMID: 33225708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological control of plant pathogens is considered as one of the green and effective technologies using beneficial microorganisms or microbial secondary metabolites against plant diseases, and so microbial natural products have played important roles in the research and development of new and green agrochemicals. To explore the potential applications for natural γ-lactam alkaloids and their derivatives, 26 γ-lactams that have flexible substituent patterns were synthesized and characterized, and their in vitro antifungal activities against eight kinds of plant pathogens belonging to oomycetes, basidiomycetes, and deuteromycetes were fully evaluated. In addition, the high potential compounds were further tested using an in vivo assay against Phytophthora blight of pepper to verify a practical application for controlling oomycete diseases. The potential modes of action for compound D1 against Phytophthora capsici were also investigated using microscopic technology (optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy) and label-free quantitative proteomics analysis. The results demonstrated that compound D1 may be a potential novel fungicidal agent against oomycete diseases (EC50 = 4.9748 μg·mL-1 for P. capsici and EC50 = 5.1602 μg·mL-1 for Pythium aphanidermatum) that can act on steroid biosynthesis, which can provide a certain theoretical basis for the development of natural lactam derivatives as potential antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daye Huang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Di Song
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiufang Cao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenbo Huang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
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Li P, Sun P, Li D, Li D, Li B, Dong X. Evaluation of Pyraclostrobin as an Ingredient for Soybean Seed Treatment by Analyzing its Accumulation-Dissipation Kinetics, Plant-Growth Activation, and Protection Against Phytophthora sojae. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:11928-11938. [PMID: 33078613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Seed treatment with fungicides has been regarded as a principal, effective, and economic technique for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] against pathogenic microorganisms during seed germination and seedling growth. Investigation of the characteristics of seed-treatment reagents is an indispensable basis for their application. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the use of pyraclostrobin as an ingredient for soybean seed treatment by investigating its accumulation-dissipation kinetics in plants, plant-growth activation, and protection against Phytophthora sojae. The results showed that the pyraclostrobin stimulated the visible growth (root and shoot length) of soybean plants, increased the chlorophyll level and root activity, and lowered the malonaldehyde (MDA) level. The peak level and bioavailability of pyraclostrobin in soybean roots were 19.9- and 33.2-fold those in leaves, respectively, indicating that pyraclostrobin was mainly accumulated in roots. Pyraclostrobin had a continuous positive effect on the flavonoid levels and the phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) activity in roots and leaves, which could enhance the plant defense system. Pyraclostrobin showed in vitro toxicity to P. sojae with a half-inhibition concentration (EC50) of 1.59 and 1.24 μg/mL for pyraclostrobin and pyraclostrobin plus salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, an inhibitor of the alternative pathway of respiration), respectively. Seed treatment with pyraclostrobin significantly reduced the severity of Phytophthora root rot, with a control efficacy of 60.7%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the characteristics of pyraclostrobin used in soybean seed treatment and its efficacy against Phytophthora root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingliang Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Pingyang Sun
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Dong Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Delong Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
| | - Xiangli Dong
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, P. R. China
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15
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Liu D, Pan Y, Li K, Li D, Li P, Gao Z. Proteomics Reveals the Mechanism Underlying the Inhibition of Phytophthora sojae by Propyl Gallate. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:8151-8162. [PMID: 32633954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora sojae is a serious soil-borne pathogen, and the major control measures undertaken include the induction of soybean-resistance genes, fungicides, and scientific and reasonable planting management. Owing to the safety and resistance of fungicides, it is of great importance to screen new control alternatives. In a preliminary study, we observed that propyl gallate (PG) exerts a considerable inhibitory effect on P. sojae and can effectively prevent and cure soybean diseases, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To explore the inhibitory mechanism of PG on P. sojae, we analyzed the differences in the protein profile of P. sojae before and after treatment with PG using tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics. Proteomic analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) was 285, of which 75 were upregulated and 210 were downregulated, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways primarily comprised glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid metabolism, secondary metabolite generation, and other pathways. Among the DEPs involved in PG inhibition of P. sojae are two closely related uncharacterized proteins encoded by PHYSODRAFT_522340 and PHYSODRAFT_344464, denoted PsFACL and PsCPT herein. The CRISPR/Cas9 knockout technique revealed that PsFACL and PsCPT were involved in the growth rate and pathogenicity. In addition, the results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that there were differences in fatty acid levels between wild-type (WT) and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout transformants. Knocking out PsFACL and PsCPT resulted in the restriction of the synthesis and β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, respectively. These suggest that PsFACL and PsCPT were also involved in the regulation of the fatty acid metabolism. Our results aid in understanding the mechanism underlying the inhibition of P. sojae growth by PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, 99 North of Tianzhushan Road, Anqing 246003, Anhui, China
| | - Yuemin Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Agricultural University, Anqing 246003, Anhui, China
| | - Kunyuan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Anqing Vocational and Technical College, 99 North of Tianzhushan Road, Anqing 246003, Anhui, China
| | - Zhimou Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West of Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
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16
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Tao P, Wu C, Hao J, Gao Y, He X, Li J, Shang S, Song Z, Song J. Antifungal Application of Rosin Derivatives from Renewable Pine Resin in Crop Protection. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:4144-4154. [PMID: 32191457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, we synthesized two series of dehydroabietyl amide derivatives from natural product rosin and evaluated their antifungal effects on Valsa mali, Phytophthora capsici, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Fusarium oxysporum. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities results indicated that rosin-based amide compounds containing thiophene heterocycles had better inhibitory effects on B. cinerea. In particular, compound 5b (5-fluoro-2-thiophene dehydroabietyl amide) exhibited the excellent antifungal properties against B. cinerea with an EC50 of 0.490 mg/L, which was lower compared to the positive control penthiopyrad (0.562 mg/L). Physiological and biochemical studies showed that the primary action mechanism of compound 5b on B. cinerea changes mycelial morphology, increases cell membrane permeability, and inhibits the TCA pathway in respiratory metabolism. Furthermore, QSAR and SAR studies revealed that charge distribution of rosin-based amides derivatives have a key role in the antifungal activity through the hydrogen bonding, conjugation, and electrostatic interaction between the compounds and the receptors of the target. To sum up, this study contributes to the development of rosin-based antifungal agents with a novel structure and preferable biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Tao
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Wu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Hao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua He
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibin Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanqian Song
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan 48502, United States
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Purev E, Kondo T, Takemoto D, Niones JT, Ojika M. Identification of ε-Poly-L-lysine as an Antimicrobial Product from an Epichloë Endophyte and Isolation of Fungal ε-PL Synthetase Gene. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051032. [PMID: 32106587 PMCID: PMC7179176 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungus Epichloë festucae is known to produce bioactive metabolites, which consequently protect the host plants from biotic and abiotic stresses. We previously found that the overexpression of vibA (a gene for transcription factor) in E. festucae strain E437 resulted in the secretion of an unknown fungicide. In the present study, the active substance was purified and chemically identified as ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), which consisted of 28–34 lysine units. The productivity was 3.7-fold compared with that of the wild type strain E437. The isolated ε-PL showed inhibitory activity against the spore germination of the plant pathogens Drechslera erythrospila, Botrytis cinerea, and Phytophthora infestans at 1–10 μg/mL. We also isolated the fungal gene “epls” encoding ε-PL synthetase Epls. Overexpression of epls in the wild type strain E437 resulted in the enhanced production of ε-PL by 6.7-fold. Interestingly, overexpression of epls in the different strain E. festucae Fl1 resulted in the production of shorter ε-PL with 8–20 lysine, which exhibited a comparable antifungal activity to the longer one. The results demonstrate the first example of ε-PL synthetase gene from the eukaryotic genomes and suggest the potential of enhanced expression of vibA or/and epls genes in the Epichloë endophyte for constructing pest-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhee Purev
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (E.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Tatsuhiko Kondo
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (E.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Daigo Takemoto
- Department of Plant Production Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (D.T.); (J.T.N.)
| | - Jennifer T. Niones
- Department of Plant Production Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (D.T.); (J.T.N.)
- Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija 3119, Philippines
| | - Makoto Ojika
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (E.P.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-52-789-4116; Fax: +81-52-789-4118
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18
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Qiao H, Zhang B, Chen X, Su L, Jiao C, Chen S, Fan J, Liu H. Short peptides secreted by Bacillus subtilis inhibit the growth of mold on fresh-cut pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo). J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:936-944. [PMID: 31487041 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the efficacy of short peptides secreted by Bacillus subtilis for fungal inhibition in fresh-cut pumpkin and for maintaining its shelf life. RESULTS Low-molecular-weight filtrate (LC < 1000 Da) of B. subtilis culture (BC) significantly lowered the total number of molds on fresh-cut pumpkin compared with the untreated control and a BC group after storage. Low-molecular-weight filtrate prevented the deterioration of sensory quality in a pumpkin incision, and reduced pectinase activity. It also inhibited the growth of Phytophthora capsici and Penicillium chrysogenum, and the activity of β-1,3-glucan synthase (GS) secreted by both molds. Fifty-seven GS-inhibiting peptides were screened from 95 LC peptides with two to five amino acid residues. The two most potent peptides, AWYW and HWWY, had strongly suppressive effects on the growth of P. capsici and P. chrysogenum. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that short peptides present in B. subtilis culture can play an important role in the maintenance of fresh-cut pumpkin by suppressing fungal growth. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitian Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Su
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Si Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Fan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Detection and Control for Spoilage Organisms and Pesticides, Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Peng Q, Wang Z, Fang Y, Wang W, Cheng X, Liu X. Point Mutations in the β-Tubulin of Phytophthora sojae Confer Resistance to Ethaboxam. Phytopathology 2019; 109:2096-2106. [PMID: 31559903 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-19-0032-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ethaboxam is a β-tubulin inhibitor registered for the control of oomycete pathogens. The current study was established to determine the ethaboxam sensitivity of the plant pathogen Phytophthora sojae and investigate the potential for the emergence of fungicide resistance. The effective concentration for 50% inhibition (EC50) of 112 Phytophthora sojae isolates exhibited a unimodal distribution with a mean EC50 for ethaboxam of 0.033 µg/ml. Establishing this baseline sensitivity provided critical data for monitoring changes in ethaboxam-sensitivity in field populations. The potential for fungicide resistance was investigated using adaptation on ethaboxam-amended V8 agar, which resulted in the isolation of 20 resistant mutants. An assessment of the biological characteristics of the mutants including mycelial growth, sporulation, germination rate and pathogenicity indicated that the resistance risk in Phytophthora sojae was low to medium with no cross-resistance between ethaboxam and cymoxanil, metalaxyl, flumorph, and oxathiapiprolin being detected. However, positive cross-resistance was found between ethaboxam and zoxamide for Q8L and I258V but negative cross-resistance for C165Y. Further investigation revealed that the ethaboxam-resistant mutants had point mutations at amino acids Q8L, C165Y, or I258V of their β-tubulin protein sequences. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated transformation experiments confirmed that the Q8L, C165Y, or I258V mutations could confer ethaboxam resistance in Phytophthora sojae and that the C165Y mutation induces high levels of resistance. Taken together, the results of the study provide essential data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and resistance management strategies for ethaboxam, as well as for improving the design of novel β-tubulin inhibitors for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingkai Cheng
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Northwest Agricultural & Forest University, Yangling, China
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Chen FJ, Long XH, Li EZ. Evaluation of Antifungal Phenolics from Helianthus tuberosus L. Leaves against Phytophthora capsici Leonian by Chemometric Analysis. Molecules 2019; 24:E4300. [PMID: 31775367 PMCID: PMC6930545 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici Leonian causes destructive economical losses in pepper production, and a promising source of natural fungicides- Helianthus tuberosus leaves was reported. The antifungal activities of different extracts and compounds from H. tuberosus leaves against the phytopathogen, P. capsici Leonian, were examined by chemometric analysis, including HPLC-MS/MS and multivariate data analyses. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis were applied to examine the four groups of H. tuberosus leaves samples, including crude extracts obtained by different methods, including refluxing, macerating, and refluxing under vacuum; four fractions, namely, petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (Chl), ethyl acetate (EA), and n-butanol (NB) fractions; the samples of three H. tuberosus cultivars; and the samples at three growth stages of cultivar Nan Yu. The phenolics contents were categorized based on 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DiCQA), 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,5-DiCQA), 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), and 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (4,5-DiCQA), which were predominant in all the samples. Antifungal activity assay revealed that Chl and NB fractions were more active against P. capsici Leonian with lower IC50(half of maximal inhibitory concentration) values, whereas partial least squares-discriminate analysis suggested caffeoylquinic acid isomer(4-CQA), methyl-quercetin glycoside(MQG), and caffeic acid(CA) might be the main active components in H. tuberosus leaves against P. capsici Leonian. Furthermore, microscopic evaluation demonstrated structural deformities in P. capsici Leonian treated with Chl and NB fractions, indicating the antifungal effects of H. tuberosus leaves. These results imply that H. tuberosus leaves with a high concentration of phenolics might be a promising source of natural fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Jia Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China;
| | - Xiao-Hua Long
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biology Jiangsu Province, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - En-Zhong Li
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China;
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21
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Syed-Ab-Rahman SF, Carvalhais LC, Chua ET, Chung FY, Moyle PM, Eltanahy EG, Schenk PM. Soil bacterial diffusible and volatile organic compounds inhibit Phytophthora capsici and promote plant growth. Sci Total Environ 2019; 692:267-280. [PMID: 31349168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biotic interactions through diffusible and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are frequent in nature. Soil bacteria are well-known producers of a wide range of volatile compounds (both organic and inorganic) with various biologically relevant activities. Since the last decade, they have been identified as natural biocontrol agents. Volatiles are airborne chemicals, which when released by bacteria, can trigger plant responses such as defence and growth promotion. In this study, we tested whether diffusible and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by soil bacterial isolates exert anti-oomycete and plant growth-promoting effects. We also investigated the effects of inoculation with VOC-producing bacteria on the growth and development of Capsicum annuum and Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Our results demonstrate that organic VOCs emitted by bacterial antagonists negatively influence mycelial growth of the soil-borne phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici by 35% in vitro. The bacteria showed plant growth promoting effects by stimulating biomass production, primary root growth and root hair development. Additionally, we provide evidence to suggest that these activities were deployed by the emission of either diffusible organic compounds or VOCs. Bacterial VOC profiles were obtained through solid phase microextraction (SPME) and analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This elucidated the main volatiles emitted by the isolates, which covered a wide range of aldehydes, alcohols, esters, carboxylic acids, and ketones. Collectively, twenty-five VOCs were identified to be produced by three bacteria; some being species-specific. Our data show that bacterial volatiles inhibits P. capsici in vitro and modulate both plant growth promotion and root system development. These results confirm the significance of soil bacteria and highlights that ways of harnessing them to improve plant growth, and as a biocontrol agent for soil-borne oomycetes through their volatile emissions deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah Farhana Syed-Ab-Rahman
- Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence (PACE), Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - Lilia C Carvalhais
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Elvis T Chua
- Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Fong Yi Chung
- Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Moyle
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence (PACE), Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Eladl G Eltanahy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Peer M Schenk
- Plant-Microbe Interactions Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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22
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Wu C, Zhao J, Li Z, Liu W, Mei X, Ning J, She D. Modeling of the Phytophthora capsici cellulose synthase 3 and its inhibitors activity assay. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:3024-3030. [PMID: 30891873 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora capsici is a devastating pathogen for crop. Cellulose synthase 3 (CesA3) is a target for many potential fungicides such as valinamide derivatives. However, the 3-dimensional structure (3-DS) of CesA3 in Phytophthora capsici was still unknown. RESULTS Here CesA3 protein sequence was retrieved from the NCBI protein sequence database We did the 3-DS structural modeling for CesA3 and used molecular dynamics to optimize the model. The model was further validated by the Ramachandran plot in PROCHECK program. Two series of new valinamide compound were synthesized and tested for its biological activity. The docking data obtained by the model perfectly matched with the biometric data, indicating that the model is valid. Moreover, docking study data revealed the mechanism of action of inhibitors on target enzymes. CONCLUSION The 3-DS structural model was analyzed from the perspective of the biocide receptor, the structure of the target protein and the mechanism of action of the compound. It provides a new perspective for the design of new fungicides. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei She
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Sancheti A, Ju LK. Eco-friendly rhamnolipid based fungicides for protection of soybeans from Phytophthora sojae. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:3031-3038. [PMID: 30891859 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive use of chemical fungicides over the years for plant pathogen control has caused unwanted damage to non-target organisms and resistance buildup in the target organisms. These harmful effects have prompted the industry to look for more sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. Rhamnolipid is a naturally occurring surfactant that is biodegradable, relatively innocuous to non-target species and can effectively lyse zoospores, the life form responsible for the spread of Phytophthora. In this study, rhamnolipid based coatings were developed and evaluated for protection of soybeans from P. sojae zoospores. RESULTS Pure (acidic) rhamnolipid, when coated on the soybeans, affects the germination negatively. However, sodium and calcium complexed rhamnolipids do not interfere with germination. Seeds coated with 15-20 mg of developed formulation were planted in soil pots and then subjected to P. sojae infection by simulating flooding conditions and zoospore inoculation. Statistical analysis showed that sodium rhamnolipid based coating significantly improved the germination in presence of P. sojae from 42% to 73% (P = 0.017) while the germination of stress-free control was 85% (statistically similar to coated seeds, P = 1). CONCLUSION Neutralized rhamnolipid can protect soybeans from P. sojae without any negative effect on germination. This work illustrates the strategy to use rhamnolipid as effective fungicide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Sancheti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Lu-Kwang Ju
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
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24
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Wang Y, Wei K, Han X, Zhao D, Zheng Y, Chao J, Gou J, Kong F, Zhang CS. The Antifungal Effect of Garlic Essential Oil on Phytophthora nicotianae and the Inhibitory Component Involved. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E632. [PMID: 31640228 PMCID: PMC6843687 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the chemical compositions of garlic essential oil, the inhibitory activity of garlic essential oil and diallyl disulfide (DADS) against Phytophthora nicotianae, and the effects on mycelial plasma membrane permeability and P. nicotianae inhibition. In total, 29 compounds were detected in garlic essential oil, of which 26 were detected by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 21 by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) GC-MS. DADS (60.12% and 19.09%) and trisulfide di-2-propenyl (14.18% and 17.98%) were the major components identified by HS-SPME GC-MS and GC-MS analysis, respectively. Half-inhibitory concentration (Ec50, antagonism) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, fumigation) of DADS against P. nicotianae were 150.83 μL/L and 20 μL/L, respectively, while Ec50 of garlic essential oil was 1108.25 μL/L. Mycelial membrane permeability gradually increased in a concentration-dependent manner, and cell death increased at 450 μL/L DADS. Furthermore, DADS treatment significantly reduced the incidence of tobacco black shank and the number of P. nicotianae pathogens in rhizosphere soil. DADS also promoted root development of tobacco seedlings at low concentrations, which was inhibited at high concentrations. Therefore, DADS may play an important role in the antifungal effect against P. nicotianae by destroying mycelial cell membrane integrity, causing an increase in cell membrane permeability, and leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochen Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Keke Wei
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Xiaobin Han
- Biological Organic Fertilizer Engineering Technology Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi 563100, China.
| | - Donglin Zhao
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yanfen Zheng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jianmin Chao
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jianyu Gou
- Biological Organic Fertilizer Engineering Technology Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi 563100, China.
| | - Fanyu Kong
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Zhang Q, Feng R, Zheng Q, Li J, Liu Z, Zhao D, Meng Y, Tian Y, Li W, Ma X, Wang S, Shan W. Population Genetic Analysis of Phytophthora parasitica From Tobacco in Chongqing, Southwestern China. Plant Dis 2019; 103:2599-2605. [PMID: 31339441 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-18-0879-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco black shank, caused by Phytophthora parasitica, is one of the most notorious tobacco diseases and causes huge economic losses worldwide. Understanding the genetic variation of P. parasitica populations is essential to the development of disease control measures. In this research, 210 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for P. parasitica were identified, 10 of which were polymorphic among nine reference strains. We further performed population genetic analysis of 245 P. parasitica isolates randomly collected from tobacco fields in Chongqing for mating type, molecular variation at 14 SSR loci (four of which were identified previously), and sensitivity to the fungicide metalaxyl. The results showed that the A2 mating type was dominant and no A1 mating type isolate was discovered. SSR genotyping distinguished 245 P. parasitica isolates into 46 genotypes, four of which were dominant in the population. Low genotypic diversity and excess heterozygosity were common in nearly all of the populations from Chongqing. Population analysis showed that no differentiation existed among different populations. All isolates tested were highly sensitive to metalaxyl. Taken together, our results showed that the P. parasitica populations from tobacco fields in Chongqing belonged to a clonal lineage and were highly sensitive to metalaxyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruirui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhirou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuee Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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26
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Wang B, Liu F, Li Q, Xu S, Zhao X, Xue P, Feng X. Antifungal activity of zedoary turmeric oil against Phytophthora capsici through damaging cell membrane. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019; 159:59-67. [PMID: 31400785 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici is a plant oomycete pathogen, which causes many devastating diseases on a broad range of hosts. Zedoary turmeric oil (ZTO) is a kind of natural plant essential oil that has been widely used in pharmaceutical applications. However, the antifungal activity of ZTO against phytopathogens remains unknown. In this study, we found ZTO could inhibit P. capsici growth and development in vitro and in detached cucumber and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Besides, ZTO treatment resulted in severe damage to the cell membrane of P. capsici, leading to the leakage of intracellular contents. ZTO also induced a significant increase in relative conductivity, malondialdehyde concentration and glycerol content. Furthermore, we identified 50 volatile organic compounds from ZTO, and uncovered Curcumol, β-elemene, curdione and curcumenol with strong inhibitory activities against mycelial growth of P. capsici. Overall, our results not only shed new light on the antifungal mechanism of ZTO, but also imply a promising alternative for the control of phytophthora blight caused by P. capsici.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xingzeng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Peilin Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Shi Y, Si H, Wang P, Chen S, Shang S, Song Z, Wang Z, Liao S. Derivatization of Natural Compound β-Pinene Enhances Its In Vitro Antifungal Activity against Plant Pathogens. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173144. [PMID: 31470567 PMCID: PMC6749435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of new antifungal agents has always been a hot research topic in pesticide development. In this study, a series of derivatives of natural compound β-pinene were prepared, and the antifungal activities of these derivatives were evaluated. The purpose of this work is to develop some novel molecules as promising new fungicides. Methods: Through a variety of chemical reactions, β-pinene was transformed into a series of β-pinene-based derivatives containing amide moieties and acylthiourea moieties. The antifungal activities of these derivatives against five plant pathogens including Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium proliferatum, Alternaria kikuchiana, Phomopsis sp. and Phytophthora capsici were tested; preliminary structure–activity relationship was discussed. Results: Some derivatives exhibited moderate or significant antifungal activity due to the fusion of the amide moiety or the acylthiourea moiety with the pinane skeleton. The structure–activity relationship analysis showed that the fluorine atom and the strong electron withdrawing nitro group, or trifluoromethyl group on the benzene ring of the derivatives had a significant effect on the improvement of the antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium proliferatum, Alternaria kikuchiana and Phomopsis sp. Meanwhile, the introduction of an ethyl group at the meta-position on the benzene ring of the derivatives could improve the antifungal activity against Phytophthora capsici. Compounds 4e, 4h, 4q, 4r exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity against the tested strains. Compound 4o had significant antifungal activity against Phytophthora capsici (IC50 = 0.18 μmol/L). These derivatives were expected to be used as precursor molecules for novel pesticide development in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Shi
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Hongyan Si
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shangxing Chen
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shibin Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zhanqian Song
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Zongde Wang
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Shengliang Liao
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau Woody Spice (East China) Engineering Technology Research Center; National Forestry and Grassland Bureau/Jiangxi Provincial Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, China.
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Belisle RJ, Hao W, McKee B, Arpaia ML, Manosalva P, Adaskaveg JE. New Oomycota Fungicides With Activity Against Phytophthora cinnamomi and Their Potential Use for Managing Avocado Root Rot in California. Plant Dis 2019; 103:2024-2032. [PMID: 31246147 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-18-1698-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora root rot (PRR), caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, is the most destructive disease of avocado worldwide. In the United States, mefenoxam and phosphonate products are currently the only registered fungicides for managing avocado PRR. Four new Oomycota-specific and two registered fungicides, all with different modes of action, were evaluated. Seventy-one isolates of P. cinnamomi from avocado in California, most of them collected between 2009 to 2017, were tested for their in vitro sensitivity to the six fungicides. Baseline sensitivity ranges and mean values (in parentheses) of effective concentrations to inhibit mycelial growth by 50% (EC50) for the new fungicides ethaboxam, fluopicolide, mandipropamid, and oxathiapiprolin were 0.017 to 0.069 μg/ml (0.035), 0.046 to 0.330 μg/ml (0.133), 0.003 to 0.011 μg/ml (0.005), and 0.0002 to 0.0007 μg/ml (0.0004), respectively. In comparison, the EC50 value range (mean) was 0.023 to 0.138 μg/ml (0.061) for mefenoxam and 12.9 to 361.2 μg/ml (81.5) for potassium phosphite. Greenhouse soil inoculation trials with 8-month-old Zutano seedlings and 10-month-old Dusa and PS.54 clonal rootstocks were conducted to assess the efficacy of these fungicides for managing PRR. Mefenoxam and potassium phosphite were effective treatments; however, oxathiapiprolin, fluopicolide, and mandipropamid were more effective. Ethaboxam was effective in reducing PRR on the rootstocks evaluated. Oxathiapiprolin reduced PRR incidence and pathogen population size in the soil by >90%, and plant shoot growth and root dry weight were significantly increased compared with the control; thus, oxathiapiprolin was one of the best treatments overall. The high activity and performance of these new fungicides supports their registrations on avocado for use in rotation and mixture programs, including with previously registered compounds, to reduce the risk of development and spread of resistance in pathogen populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodger J Belisle
- 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Wei Hao
- 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Brandon McKee
- 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Mary Lu Arpaia
- 2Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Patricia Manosalva
- 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - James E Adaskaveg
- 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
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29
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Rolando C, Somchit C, Bader MKF, Fraser S, Williams N. Can Copper Be Used to Treat Foliar Phytophthora Infections in Pinus radiata? Plant Dis 2019; 103:1828-1834. [PMID: 31184971 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-18-1247-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Red needle cast is a significant foliar disease of commercial stands of Pinus radiata caused by Phytophthora pluvialis in New Zealand. The effect of copper, applied as a foliar spray of cuprous oxide at a range of doses between 0 and 1.72 kg ha-1, was investigated in two controlled trials with potted plants and in an operational trial with mature P. radiata. In all trials, lesions formed on needles after artificial exposure to the infecting propagules (zoospores) of P. pluvialis were used to determine treatment efficacy, with the number and/or length of lesions as the dependent variable. Results across all trials indicated that cuprous oxide was highly effective at reducing infection of P. radiata with P. pluvialis. Application rates equivalent to ≥0.65 kg ha-1 significantly reduced infection levels relative to a control treatment, with foliar surface copper levels as low as 13 to 26 mg kg-1 of needle tissue preventing infection. Greater copper content was associated with a reduction in the proportion of needles with P. pluvialis lesions, with the probability of lesions developing decreasing approximately 1% for every 1 unit (in milligrams per kilogram) increase in copper content. Over a 90-day period, surface copper content declined to 30% of that originally applied, indicating an approximate period of treatment efficacy of 3 months. Our findings highlight the potential of cuprous oxide for the control of red needle cast in P. radiata stands. Further information about the optimal field dose, timing, and the frequency of foliar cuprous oxide application is key to prevent infection and also reduce the build up of inoculum during severe outbreaks of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Rolando
- 1Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Ltd., Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
| | - Chanatda Somchit
- 1Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Ltd., Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
| | - Martin K-F Bader
- 2School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Stuart Fraser
- 1Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Ltd., Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
| | - Nari Williams
- 1Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Ltd., Rotorua 3010, New Zealand
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30
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Brown MS, Baysal-Gurel F, Oliver JB, Addesso KM. Comparative Performance of Fungicides, Biofungicides, and Host Plant Defense Inducers in Suppression of Phytophthora Root Rot in Flowering Dogwood During Simulated Root Flooding Events. Plant Dis 2019; 103:1703-1711. [PMID: 31106702 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-18-1597-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During flooding events in nurseries, Phytophthora root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands often causes damage that leads to complete crop loss. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of fungicides, biofungicides, and host plant defense inducers for preventive and curative control of Phytophthora root rot on flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.) seedlings exposed to a simulated flood event of 1, 3, or 7 days. In two greenhouse trials, preventive (7 days before flooding) or curative (1 day after flooding) drench treatments were applied to dogwood seedlings artificially inoculated with P. cinnamomi. The plants were flooded by maintaining standing water for 1, 3, or 7 days. After the trials, plant growth data (total plant weight, root weight, plant height, and plant width) were recorded, and root systems were assessed for disease severity using a scale of 0 to 100% of roots affected, and subsamples were plated on PARPH-V8 medium to determine the percent recovery of the Phytophthora pathogen. Plants preventively treated with Subdue MAXX had reduced disease severity relative to the nontreated, inoculated plants (positive control) flooded 1, 3, or 7 days in both trials. Pageant Intrinsic and Segovis treatments also had lower disease severity than the positive control at all flooding durations in trial two, but not trial one. In trial one, preventive and curative treatments of Orkestra Intrinsic had reduced disease severity compared with the positive control at 1 and 3 days of flooding, whereas curative treatments of Empress Intrinsic and Tartan Stressgard also were effective at 1 and 3 days of flooding in trial one. The host plant defense inducers (Aliette 80 WDG, Signature Xtra, and Actigard) were inconsistent and ineffective at reducing disease severity when applied as preventive or curative treatments. Preventive treatments of the biofungicides RootShield Plus+ and MBI-110 had consistently lower disease severity than the positive control at 1 day of flooding but not 3 or 7 days of flooding. Potentially, growers can use information from this study to manage Phytophthora root rot during flooding or in areas of the nursery that often experience high soil moisture levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Brown
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN 37110
| | - Fulya Baysal-Gurel
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN 37110
| | - Jason B Oliver
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN 37110
| | - Karla M Addesso
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN 37110
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31
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Nyoni M, Mazzola M, Wessels JPB, McLeod A. The Efficacy of Semiselective Chemicals and Chloropicrin/1,3-Dichloropropene-Containing Fumigants in Managing Apple Replant Disease in South Africa. Plant Dis 2019; 103:1363-1373. [PMID: 30983521 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-18-1844-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a biological phenomenon that is encountered when old apple orchards are replanted, resulting in tree growth and yield reductions in young trees. Three ARD orchard trials were conducted, which showed that semiselective chemicals (fenamiphos, metalaxyl, imidacloprid, and phosphonates) used independently, two fumigant formulations (33.3% chloropicrin and 60.8% 1,3-dichloropropene [Pic33-1,3D] and 57.% chloropicrin and 38% 1,3 dichloropropene [Pic57-1,3D]), and semiselective chemicals combined with Pic33-1,3D or Pic57-1,3D all contributed to significant increases in tree growth (trunk diameter and shoot length) relative to the untreated control 3 to 4 years postplanting. The treatments did not differ significantly from each other in improving tree growth. Yield was more indicative of treatment efficacy, but this varied between the three orchards. The Pic33-1,3D fumigant in combination with semiselective chemistries was the most consistent in significantly increasing cumulative yields. The Pic57-1,3D treatment was superior in increasing yields relative to the Pic33-1,3D treatment, because (i) it significantly increased cumulative yields in comparison with the Pic33-1,3D treatment in one orchard and (ii) in another orchard, a significant increase in yield was obtained with Pic57-1,3D relative to the control treatment but not with the Pic33-1,3D treatment. The quantification of ARD causative agents 20 months postplant showed that Phytophthora cactorum contributed to disease development in all three orchards; significant negative correlations existed between the quantity of P. cactorum DNA detected in tree roots and tree growth and less often, yield. In two orchards, only some of the treatments that significantly reduced the quantity of P. cactorum DNA in tree roots relative to the control also resulted in a significant increase in tree growth. Some of the aforementioned trends were also evident for Pratylenchus spp. root densities in two of the orchards. There was a significant positive correlation between P. cactorum root DNA quantities and Pratylenchus spp. root densities. Pythium spp. and "Cylindrocarpon"-like DNA quantities detected in tree roots typically were not indicative of treatment efficacy. However, a significant positive correlation existed between these two pathogen groups, suggesting complex interactions not associated with pathogen quantities per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nyoni
- 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7600, South Africa
| | - M Mazzola
- 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7600, South Africa
- 2 Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Wenatchee, WA 98801, U.S.A.; and
| | | | - A McLeod
- 1 Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7600, South Africa
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Lee SC, Kim SH, Hoffmeister RA, Yoon MY, Kim SK. Novel Peptide-Based Inhibitors for Microtubule Polymerization in Phytophthora capsici. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112641. [PMID: 31146360 PMCID: PMC6600545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant disease Phytophthora blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici, is responsible for major economic losses in pepper production. Microtubules have been an attractive target for many antifungal agents as they are involved in key cellular events such as cell proliferation, signaling, and migration in eukaryotic cells. In order to design a novel biocompatible inhibitor, we screened and identified inhibitory peptides against alpha- and beta-tubulin of P. capsici using a phage display method. The identified peptides displayed a higher binding affinity (nanomolar range) and improved specificity toward P. capsici alpha- and beta-tubulin in comparison to Homo sapiens tubulin as evaluated by fluorometric analysis. One peptide demonstrated the high inhibitory effect on microtubule formation with a nanomolar range of IC50 values, which were much lower than a well-known chemical inhibitor—benomyl (IC50 = 500 µM). Based on these results, this peptide can be employed to further develop promising candidates for novel antifungal agents against Phytophthora blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Choon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
| | - Rachel A Hoffmeister
- Department of Natural Sciences, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA.
| | - Moon-Young Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
| | - Sung-Kun Kim
- Department of Natural Sciences, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA.
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Hao W, Gray MA, Förster H, Adaskaveg JE. Evaluation of New Oomycota Fungicides for Management of Phytophthora Root Rot of Citrus in California. Plant Dis 2019; 103:619-628. [PMID: 30789317 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-18-1152-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora root rot, caused by several species of Phytophthora, is an important disease of citrus in California and other growing regions. For chemical management, mefenoxam and potassium phosphite have been available for many years, and resistance in Phytophthora spp. has been reported for both compounds. We evaluated the efficacy of the new Oomycota fungicides ethaboxam, fluopicolide, mandipropamid, and oxathiapiprolin, each with a different mode of action, against Phytophthora root rot of citrus in field and greenhouse studies. Root balls of navel orange trees on 'Carrizo citrange' rootstock were inoculated with P. nicotianae at planting in the field in fall 2013. Applications with 11 fungicide treatments were made 5 weeks after planting, in spring and fall 2014, and in spring 2015. Feeder roots and adjacent soil were collected before or after application. All of the new fungicides significantly reduced root rot incidence and Phytophthora soil populations to very low levels as compared with the control starting after the first application. Mefenoxam was only effective when a high label rate was used in the fourth application. Selected treatments also increased tree canopy size, trunk diameter, and fruit yield as compared with the control. A rate comparison with the four new fungicides was initiated in summer 2016 in another field trial using navel orange trees inoculated with P. citrophthora. Minimum effective rates to reduce Phytophthora root rot incidence and pathogen soil populations were determined after one and two applications in fall 2016 and summer 2017, respectively. Greenhouse studies confirmed the efficacy of the new fungicides. Based in part on our studies, fluopicolide recently received a federal and oxathiapiprolin a full registration for use on citrus, and registrations for ethaboxam and mandipropamid have been requested. These new compounds will provide highly effective treatment options and resistance management strategies using rotation and mixture programs for the control of Phytophthora root rot of citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | - Morgan A Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | - Helga Förster
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA
| | - James E Adaskaveg
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA
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Han XB, Zhao J, Cao JM, Zhang CS. Essential oil of Chrysanthemum indicum L.: potential biocontrol agent against plant pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:7013-7023. [PMID: 30648233 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora nicotianae is currently considered one of the most devastating oomycete plant pathogens, and its control frequently relies solely on the use of systemic fungicides. There is an urgent need to find environment-friendly control techniques. This study examined the chemical composition, inhibitory activity, and possible modes of action of the essential oil of Chrysanthemum indicum L. (EOC) flower heads against P. nicotianae. The EOC was obtained using hydrodistillation at a 0.15% yielded. It inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination of P. nicotianae at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 200 μL/L, and exhibited fumigation effects (92.68% inhibition at 157.48 μL/L). Marked deformation of P. nicotianae mycelia included deformed tip enlargement, shrinkage, and rupture. Further, 55 and 47 compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) GC-MS analyses, representing 88.2% and 98.91% of the total EOC, respectively. Monoterpenes (25.77%) and sesquiterpenes (54.14%) were the major components identified using GC-MS, whereas monoterpenes were the main constituents in the HS-SPME GC-MS analysis. The higher proportions of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes could be responsible for the inhibitory activity of EOC, which increased mycelia membrane permeability and the content of mycelial malondialdehyde (MDA) in a dose-dependent manner. Cell death also occurred. Thus, destruction of the cell wall and membrane might be two modes of action of EOC. Our results would be useful for the development of a new plant source of fungicide for P. nicotianae-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Han
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Microbial Organic Fertilizer Engineering Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Microbial Organic Fertilizer Engineering Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Jian-Min Cao
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Abstract
Fluopicolide has shown effective pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica) control in potato disease management. To efficiently utilize this chemical, the risk of fluopicolide resistance in P. erythroseptica needs to be assessed. In this study, 34 isolates of P. erythroseptica were obtained from symptomatic potato tubers with pink rot in Maine. The sensitivity of these wild-type isolates to fluopicolide was assessed by culturing them on agar medium amended with fluopicolide at various concentrations. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) of fluopicolide for the inhibition of mycelial growth was determined and used to establish a baseline sensitivity of these P. erythroseptica isolates to fluopicolide. The wild-type isolates were sensitive to fluopicolide, with EC50 values ranging from 0.08 to 0.35 μg/ml. By exposing P. erythroseptica zoospores to agar medium containing 100 μg/ml fluopicolide, 6 out of the 34 wild-type isolates produced fluopicolide-resistant mutants. The mutants were transferred to fungicide-free V8 medium consecutively for 10 times, and the 10th transfer of mutants was examined for resistance stability and biological fitness. In general, the mutants had similar or slower growth rates compared with their wild-type parents, and the virulence of some mutants was significantly reduced. The results indicated a low to moderate risk of P. erythroseptica developing resistance to fluopicolide, and suggested a trade-off between fluopicolide resistance and biological fitness in P. erythroseptica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- School of Food and Agriculture, the University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469
| | - He Jiang
- School of Food and Agriculture, the University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469
| | - Jianjun Hao
- School of Food and Agriculture, the University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469
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Mei X, Liu Y, Huang H, Du F, Huang L, Wu J, Li Y, Zhu S, Yang M. Benzothiazole inhibits the growth of Phytophthora capsici through inducing apoptosis and suppressing stress responses and metabolic detoxification. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019; 154:7-16. [PMID: 30765059 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiazole (BZO) is an antimicrobial secondary metabolite volatilized by many plants and microbes. However, the mechanism of BZO against phytopathogens is still unclear. Here, we found that BZO has antimicrobial activity against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Transcriptome and proteome analyses demonstrated that BZO significantly suppressed the expression of genes and proteins involved in morphology, abiotic stress defense and detoxification, but induced the activity of apoptosis. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining confirmed that the process of apoptosis was significantly induced by BZO at concentration of 150 mg L-1. FITC-phalloidin actin-cytoskeleton staining combined with hyphal cell wall staining and hyphal ultrastructure studies further confirmed that BZO disrupted the cell membrane and hyphal morphology through disrupting the cytoskeleton, eventually inhibiting the growth of hyphae. These data demonstrated that BZO has multiple modes of action and may act as potential leading compound for the development of new oomycete fungicides. These results also showed that the combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches was a useful method for exploring the novel antifungal mechanisms of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Mei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Huichuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fei Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lanlin Huang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jiaqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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Hunter S, Williams N, McDougal R, Scott P, Garbelotto M. Evidence for rapid adaptive evolution of tolerance to chemical treatments in Phytophthora species and its practical implications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208961. [PMID: 30532144 PMCID: PMC6287812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical treatments are used widely in agricultural and natural settings to protect plants from diseases; however, they may exert an important selection pressure on plant pathogens, promoting the development of tolerant isolates through adaptive evolution. Phosphite is used to manage diseases caused by Phytophthora species which include a large number of the most economically damaging plant pathogens worldwide. Phosphite controls the growth of Phytophthora species in planta without killing it; as a result, isolates can develop tolerance to phosphite after prolonged exposure. We investigated the inter- and intra-specific variability in phosphite tolerance of eleven Phytophthora species, including P. ramorum, an internationally important, highly regulated pathogen. Phytophthora ramorum is a good model system because it is comprised of multiple genetically homogeneous lineages. Seven species were found to be consistently sensitive to phosphite based on the low Effective Concentration (EC) 50 values of all isolates tested (amount of phosphite required to inhibit mycelial growth by 50% relative to growth in the absence of phosphite). However, P. ramorum, P. lateralis, P. crassamura and P. cambivora showed intraspecific variability in sensitivity to phosphite, with at least one isolate showing significantly higher tolerance than the other isolates. Within the three P. ramorum evolutionarily divergent lineages tested, NA1 was the most susceptible to phosphite, the NA1 and EU1 lineages showed intralineage variability and the NA2 lineage showed a decreased sensitivity to phosphite overall as all isolates were relatively tolerant. This finding is relevant because NA1 is dominant in the wild and can be controlled using phosphite, while the EU1 lineage has recently been identified in the wild and is phosphite-tolerant, making the treatment approach potentially less effective. Phytophthora ramorum, P. lateralis and P. crassamura are either selfing, homothallic species, or are known to reproduce exclusively clonally, indicating tolerance to phosphite can emerge even in the absence of sexual recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Hunter
- Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | | | | | - Peter Scott
- Forest Protection, Scion, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Matteo Garbelotto
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
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Miao J, Chi Y, Lin D, Tyler BM, Liu X. Mutations in ORP1 Conferring Oxathiapiprolin Resistance Confirmed by Genome Editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in Phytophthora capsici and P. sojae. Phytopathology 2018; 108:1412-1419. [PMID: 29979095 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-18-0010-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxathiapiprolin is a novel fungicide that was recently registered in a number of countries to control plant-pathogenic oomycetes such as Phytophthora capsici. In our previous study, point mutations G770V and G839W in oxysterol binding protein-related protein 1 (ORP1) were detected in oxathiapiprolin-resistant P. capsici isolates (PcORP1). Here, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to verify the effects of these two point mutations on P. capsici phenotypes. Transformants containing heterozygous G770V and G839W mutations in PcORP1 showed high levels of oxathiapiprolin resistance. The G770V transformants showed otherwise similar phenotypes compared with the wild-type isolate BYA5, including sporangia and zoospore production, cyst germination, and pathogenicity. However, two independent transformants with heterozygous G839W mutations in PcORP1 could not produce sporangia. Three transformants with an unexpected point mutation in PcORP1 (ΔN837) showed high oxathiapiprolin resistance, and either similar or significantly reduced fitness compared with BYA5. The same deletion (ΔN837) was confirmed to confer oxathiapiprolin resistance in P. sojae by using CRISPR/Cas9. These homozygous P. sojae mutants also showed either similar or strongly reduced fitness compared with the wild-type parent isolate P6497. These results improve our understanding of oxathiapiprolin resistance in Phytophthora spp., and will be useful for the development of novel oxysterol-binding protein homolog inhibitor fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Miao
- First and fifth authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; first, second, third, and fifth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and first and fourth authors: Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - Yuandong Chi
- First and fifth authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; first, second, third, and fifth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and first and fourth authors: Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - Dong Lin
- First and fifth authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; first, second, third, and fifth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and first and fourth authors: Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - Brett M Tyler
- First and fifth authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; first, second, third, and fifth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and first and fourth authors: Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - Xili Liu
- First and fifth authors: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; first, second, third, and fifth authors: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; and first and fourth authors: Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing and Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
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Wang B, Xu S, Cao Y, Liu F, Zhao X, Feng X. Fungicidal activity of 10-deacetylbacatin III against Phytophthora capsici via inhibiting lysine biosynthesis. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 152:114-121. [PMID: 30497701 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
10-deacetyl-bacatin III (10-DAB) is a natural plant-derived taxane diterpene, whose antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated the antimicrobial effect of 10-DAB on plant-pathogenic oomycetes. Our results revealed that 10-DAB exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against test oomycetes, especially against Phytophthora capsici, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 1.46 μg/mL, but had no effect on test fungi. Under 10-DAB treatment, mycelia of P. capsici were contorted with an increased number of top branches, and the production and germination of zoospores were inhibited and delayed, respectively. In addition, 10-DAB had favorable protective and curative activities with control efficacies of 63.90% and 74.81% at 200 μg/mL on detached pepper leaves. Furthermore, 10-DAB caused a significant decrease in soluble protein, lysine, and α, ε-diaminopimelic acid content of P. capsici, which suggested that 10-DAB inhibited the lysine biosynthesis. On the contrary, treatment with exogenous lysine effectively counteracted 10-DAB's inhibition activity on P. capsici. Moreover, relative expression of four key lysine biosynthesis-related genes of P. capsici were decreased upon 10-DAB treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest a lysine biosynthesis inhibiting-dependent antimicrobial activity of 10-DAB against P. capsici, which contributes to accelerating the application of 10-DAB for successful management of phytophthora blight disease in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xingzeng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Pakora GA, Mpika J, Kone D, Ducamp M, Kebe I, Nay B, Buisson D. Inhibition of Phytophthora species, agents of cocoa black pod disease, by secondary metabolites of Trichoderma species. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:29901-29909. [PMID: 28965291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0283-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cocoa production is affected by the black pod disease caused by several Phytophthora species that bring, about each year, an estimated loss of 44% of world production. Chemical control remains expensive and poses an enormous risk of poisoning for the users and the environment. Biocontrol by using antagonistic microorganisms has become an alternative to the integrated control strategy against this disease. Trichoderma viride T7, T. harzanium T40, and T. asperellum T54, which showed in vivo and in vitro antagonistic activity against P. palmivora, were cultured and mycelia extracted. Inhibition activity of crude extracts was determined, and then organic compounds were isolated and characterized. The in vitro effect of each compound on the conidia germination and mycelia growth of four P. palmivora, two P. megakaria, and one P. capsici was evaluated. T. viride that displayed best activities produced two active metabolites, viridin and gliovirin, against P. palmivora and P. megakaria strains. However, no activity against P. capsici was observed. Besides being active separately, these two compounds have a synergistic effect for both inhibitions, mycelia growth and conidia germination. These results provide the basis for the development of a low-impact pesticide based on a mixture of viridin and gliovirine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles-Alex Pakora
- Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UMR 7245), 57 rue Buffon, CP54, 75005, Paris, France
- Département de Biosciences, Laboratoire Pharmacodynamie Biochimique, Université Felix Houphouët-Boigny, BP 582, Abidjan, 22, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Joseph Mpika
- Station de Recherche de Bimbresso, CNRA, 01 BP 1536, Abidjan, 01, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Daouda Kone
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université de Cocody Abidjan, BP V34, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Michel Ducamp
- UMR BGPI-CIRAD, TA A 54/K, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Ismael Kebe
- Laboratoire de Phytopathologie, CNRA, BP 808, Divo, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Bastien Nay
- Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UMR 7245), 57 rue Buffon, CP54, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Didier Buisson
- Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS UMR 7245), 57 rue Buffon, CP54, 75005, Paris, France.
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Tchameni SN, Mbiakeu SN, Sameza ML, Jazet PMD, Tchoumbougnang F. Using Citrus aurantifolia essential oil for the potential biocontrol of Colocasia esculenta (taro) leaf blight caused by Phytophthora colocasiae. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:29929-29935. [PMID: 29150804 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of leaves and epicarp of Citrus aurantifolia essential oil against Phytophthora colocasiae, the causative agent of taro leaf blight. Oils were extracted by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial activities of oils were tested in vitro against mycelium growth and sporangium production. In situ tests were done on healthy taro leaves, and the necrosis symptoms were evaluated. Results showed that the essential oil extraction yields from leaves and epicarp were 0.61 and 0.36%, respectively. Limonene (48.96%), bornyl acetate (14.18%), geraniol (10.53%), geranial (3.93%), and myrcene (3.14%) were the main components in leaf oil, while limonene (59.09%), cis-hydrate sabinene (7.53%), geranial (5.61%), myrtenol (5.02%), and terpinen-4-ol (3.48%) were the main components in epicarp oil. Both oils exhibited antimicrobial activities with total inhibition of the mycelium growth at 500 and 900 ppm for leaf and epicarp, respectively. The highest inhibitory concentration of sporangium production was 400 (72.84%) and 800 ppm (80.65%) for leaf and epicarp oil, respectively. For the standard fungicide (metalaxyl), the total inhibition value of mycelial growth and sporangium production was 750 ppm. In situ tests showed that, at 5000 ppm, total inhibition (100%) was obtained for a preventive test, while 50% of the inhibition was observed for a curative test when leaf oil was applied. When epicarp essential oil was applied at 5000 ppm, 47.5 and 16.66% of the reduction of leaf necrosis were observed for the preventive and curative test, respectively. There were positive correlations between both the oil concentration and the reduction of necrosis caused by P. colocasiae. These findings suggest that the C. aurantifolia essential oil could serve as an eco-friendly biocontrol for the management of taro leaf blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverin Nguemezi Tchameni
- Laboratory of biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24 157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Staelle Njamou Mbiakeu
- Laboratory of biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24 157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Modeste Lambert Sameza
- Laboratory of biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24 157, Douala, Cameroon.
| | - Pierre Michel Dongmo Jazet
- Laboratory of biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24 157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - François Tchoumbougnang
- Laboratory of biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24 157, Douala, Cameroon
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Niu J, Guo D, Zhang W, Tang J, Tang G, Yang J, Wang W, Huo H, Jiang N, Cao Y. Preparation and characterization of nanosilica copper (II) complexes of amino acids. J Hazard Mater 2018; 358:207-215. [PMID: 29990808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The frequent use of traditional copper-based microbicides has led to the growing risk of toxicity to non-target organisms in the environment. In this work, nanosilica was conjugated with copper(II) complexes of L-glutamate (or glycine) to develop novel copper-based microbicides with good microbicidal activity, systemicity and desired safety to plant, and the obtained nanosilica-L-glutamate copper complexes (Silica-Glu-Cu) and nanosilica-glycine copper complexes (Silica-Gly-Cu) were characterized and evaluated by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The results showed that Silica-Glu-Cu and Silica-Gly-Cu exhibited satisfactory activities and long effective periods against Phytophthora capsica and Botrytis cinereal and could move upward and downward freely in cucumber seedlings. Moreover, Silica-Glu-Cu increased the fresh weights of cucumber and wheat seedlings by 0.4-6.4% at the concentrations of 50-200 mg/L of copper. Thus, the novel copper-based microbicides can reduce the frequency of using copper-based bactericides and phytotoxicity to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfan Niu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyue Tang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Tang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale Yang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Huo
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsong Cao
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Ma D, Jiang J, He L, Cui K, Mu W, Liu F. Detection and Characterization of QoI-Resistant Phytophthora capsici Causing Pepper Phytophthora Blight in China. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1725-1732. [PMID: 30125205 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-18-0197-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici is a highly destructive plant pathogen that has spread worldwide. To date, the quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) azoxystrobin has been the choice of farmers for managing this oomycete. In this study, the sensitivity of 90 P. capsici isolates collected from Yunnan, Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, and Guangdong in southern China to azoxystrobin was assessed based on mycelial growth, sporangia formation, and zoospore discharge. Furthermore, the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) gene from azoxystrobin-sensitive and -resistant P. capsici isolates was compared to investigate the mechanism of QoI resistance. The high values for effective concentration to inhibit 50% of mycelial growth and large variation factor obtained provide strong support for the existence of azoxystrobin-resistant subpopulations in wild populations. The resistance frequency of P. capsici to azoxystrobin was greater than 40%. Sensitive P. capsici isolates were strongly suppressed on V8 medium plates containing azoxystrobin supplemented with salicylhydroxamic acid at 50 µg ml-1, whereas resistant isolates grew well under these conditions. Multiple alignment analysis revealed a missense mutation in the cytb gene that alters codon 137 (GGA to AGA), causing an amino acid substitution of glycine to arginine (G137R). The fitness of the azoxystrobin-sensitive isolate is similar to that of the G137R mutant. Additionally, the P. capsici isolates used in this study exhibited decreased sensitivity to two other QoI fungicides (pyraclostrobin and famoxadone). Necessary measures should be taken to control this trend of resistance to QoI that has developed in P. capsici in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicheng Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jiangong Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Leiming He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Kaidi Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
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Montenegro I, Madrid A, Cuellar M, Seeger M, Alfaro JF, Besoain X, Martínez JP, Ramirez I, Olguín Y, Valenzuela M. Biopesticide Activity from Drimanic Compounds to Control Tomato Pathogens. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23082053. [PMID: 30115841 PMCID: PMC6222531 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato crops can be affected by several infectious diseases produced by bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes. Four phytopathogens are of special concern because of the major economic losses they generate worldwide in tomato production; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, causative agents behind two highly destructive diseases, bacterial canker and bacterial speck, respectively; fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici that causes Fusarium Wilt, which strongly affects tomato crops; and finally, Phytophthora spp., which affect both potato and tomato crops. Polygodial (1), drimenol (2), isonordrimenone (3), and nordrimenone (4) were studied against these four phytopathogenic microorganisms. Among them, compound 1, obtained from Drimys winteri Forst, and synthetic compound 4 are shown here to have potent activity. Most promisingly, the results showed that compounds 1 and 4 affect Clavibacter michiganensis growth at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 16 and 32 µg/mL, respectively, and high antimycotic activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora spp. with MIC of 64 µg/mL. The results of the present study suggest novel treatment alternatives with drimane compounds against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Montenegro
- Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| | - Alejandro Madrid
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Avenida Leopoldo Carvallo 270, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Mauricio Cuellar
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1093, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación Farmacopea Chilena (CIFAR), Universidad de Valparaíso, Santa Marta 183, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Michael Seeger
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química & Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Juan Felipe Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química & Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA Centro Regional La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz 2280000, Chile.
- Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Ximena Besoain
- Escuela de Agronomía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, SanFrancisco s/n La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile.
| | - Juan Pablo Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias INIA Centro Regional La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz 2280000, Chile.
| | - Ingrid Ramirez
- Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Yusser Olguín
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science (CIMIS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Miryam Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química & Centro de Biotecnología "Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt", Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
- Escuela de Agronomía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota, SanFrancisco s/n La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile.
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Nawaz K, Shahid AA, Bengyella L, Subhani MN, Ali M, Anwar W, Iftikhar S, Ali SW. Evidence of genetically diverse virulent mating types of Phytophthora capsici from Capsicum annum L. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 34:130. [PMID: 30101403 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chili pepper (Capsicum annum L.) is an important economic crop that is severely destroyed by the filamentous oomycete Phytophthora capsici. Little is known about this pathogen in key chili pepper farms in Punjab province, Pakistan. We investigated the genetic diversity of P. capsici strains using standard taxonomic and molecular tools, and characterized their colony growth patterns as well as their disease severity on chili pepper plants under the greenhouse conditions. Phylogenetic analysis based on ribosomal DNA (rDNA), β-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1α loci revealed divergent evolution in the population structure of P. capsici isolates. The mean oospore diameter of mating type A1 isolates was greater than that of mating type A2 isolates. We provide first evidence of an uneven distribution of highly virulent mating type A1 and A2 of P. capsici that are insensitive to mefenoxam, pyrimorph, dimethomorph, and azoxystrobin fungicides, and represent a risk factor that could ease outpacing the current P. capsici management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Nawaz
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmad Ali Shahid
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Louis Bengyella
- Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center (TFREC), College of Agricultural, Human and Natural Resource Sciences (CAHNRS), Washington State University, Wenatchee, USA.
- Department of Biological Control, Advanced Biotech Cooperative, Bali-Nyonga, Cameroon.
| | | | - Muhammad Ali
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Anwar
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Iftikhar
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shinawar Waseem Ali
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Shamoun SF, Rioux D, Callan B, James D, Hamelin RC, Bilodeau GJ, Elliott M, Lévesque CA, Becker E, McKenney D, Pedlar J, Bailey K, Brière SC, Niquidet K, Allen E. An Overview of Canadian Research Activities on Diseases Caused by Phytophthora ramorum: Results, Progress, and Challenges. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1218-1233. [PMID: 30673582 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-17-1730-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
International trade and travel are the driving forces behind the spread of invasive plant pathogens around the world, and human-mediated movement of plants and plant products is now generally accepted as the primary mode of their introduction, resulting in huge disturbance to ecosystems and severe socio-economic impact. These problems are exacerbated under the present conditions of rapid climatic change. We report an overview of the Canadian research activities on Phytophthora ramorum. Since the first discovery and subsequent eradication of P. ramorum on infected ornamentals in nurseries in Vancouver, British Columbia, in 2003, a research team of Canadian government scientists representing the Canadian Forest Service, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada worked together over a 10-year period and have significantly contributed to many aspects of research and risk assessment on this pathogen. The overall objectives of the Canadian research efforts were to gain a better understanding of the molecular diagnostics of P. ramorum, its biology, host-pathogen interactions, and management options. With this information, it was possible to develop pest risk assessments and evaluate the environmental and economic impact and future research needs and challenges relevant to P. ramorum and other emerging forest Phytophthora spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Francis Shamoun
- Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Canadian Forest Service (CFS), Pacific Forestry Centre (PFC), Victoria, BC, V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Danny Rioux
- NRCan, CFS, Laurentian Forestry Centre (LFC), P.O. Box 10380, Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1V 4C7, Canada
| | | | - Delano James
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Sidney Laboratory, Sidney, BC, V8L 1H3, Canada
| | - Richard C Hamelin
- NRCan, CFS, LFC, P.O. Box 10380, Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1V 4C7, Canada
| | | | | | - C André Lévesque
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | | | - Dan McKenney
- NRCan, CFS, Great Lakes Forestry Centre (GLFC), Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - John Pedlar
- NRCan, CFS, Great Lakes Forestry Centre (GLFC), Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | | | - S C Brière
- CFIA, P.O. Box 11300, Ottawa, ON, K2H 8P9, Canada
| | | | - Eric Allen
- NRCan, CFS, PFC, Victoria, BC, V8Z 1M5, Canada
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Deenamo N, Kuyyogsuy A, Khompatara K, Chanwun T, Ekchaweng K, Churngchow N. Salicylic Acid Induces Resistance in Rubber Tree against Phytophthora palmivora. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1883. [PMID: 29949940 PMCID: PMC6073688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced resistance by elicitors is considered to be an eco-friendly strategy to stimulate plant defense against pathogen attack. In this study, we elucidated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on induced resistance in rubber tree against Phytophthora palmivora and evaluated the possible defense mechanisms that were involved. For SA pretreatment, rubber tree exhibited a significant reduction in disease severity by 41%. Consistent with the occurrence of induced resistance, the pronounced increase in H₂O₂ level, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities were observed. For defense reactions, exogenous SA promoted the increases of H₂O₂, CAT, POD and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities, including lignin, endogenous SA and scopoletin (Scp) contents. However, SA had different effects on the activity of each CAT isoform in the particular rubber tree organs. Besides, three partial cDNAs encoding CAT (HbCAT1, HbCAT2 and HbCAT3) and a partial cDNA encoding PAL (HbPAL) were isolated from rubber tree. Moreover, the expressions of HbCAT1, HbPAL and HbPR1 were induced by SA. Our findings suggested that, upon SA priming, the elevated H₂O₂, CAT, POD and PAL activities, lignin, endogenous SA and Scp contents, including the up-regulated HbCAT1, HbPAL and HbPR1 expressions could potentiate the resistance in rubber tree against P. palmivora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuramalee Deenamo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Arnannit Kuyyogsuy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280, Thailand.
| | - Khemmikar Khompatara
- Office of Agricultural Research and Development Region 8, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
| | - Thitikorn Chanwun
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya Nakhon Si Thammarat Saiyai Campus, Thungsong, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80110, Thailand.
| | - Kitiya Ekchaweng
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Nunta Churngchow
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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48
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Xu H, Chen T, Huang L, Shen Q, Lian Z, Shi Y, Ouyang MA, Song L. Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Lansiumamide A and B and Their Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071499. [PMID: 29933580 PMCID: PMC6099640 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A efficient 2-step protocol has been applied for the synthesis of Lansiumamide B (N-methyl-N-cis-styryl-cinnamamide, 2) derivatives by various substitution on the amide nitrogen with alkyl, allyl, propargyl, benzyl or ester groups. The structures of nine new compounds were characterized by HRMS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra. These compounds were tested in vitro against 10 strains of phytopathogenic fungi and showed a wide antifungal spectrum. The relationship between different substituents on the amide nitrogen and antifungal activity of Lansiumamide B derivatives were compared and analyzed. The result indicates that the length and steric hindrance of N-substitution have a significant impact on biological activities. It is noteworthy that the methyl or ethyl substituent on the amide nitrogen is critical for the antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyou Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Luanbin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Qiuju Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Zengwei Lian
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ming-An Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Liyan Song
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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49
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Gallup CA, McCorkle KL, Ivors KL, Shew D. Characterization of the Black Shank Pathogen, Phytophthora nicotianae, Across North Carolina Tobacco Production Areas. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1108-1114. [PMID: 30673436 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-17-0295-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Black shank disease of tobacco, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae, is a major threat to production in the United States and tobacco-producing areas worldwide. In a statewide survey of North Carolina, the rapid shift from race 0 to race 1 was documented. Collected pathogen isolates were characterized phenotypically for mating type and mefenoxam sensitivity, and genotypically by comparing sequences from three cytoplasmic and two nuclear regions. Both the A1 and A2 mating types were found throughout the state. When both mating types were recovered from the same field, pairings of isolates yielded viable oospores, indicating for the first time the potential for sexual sporulation by P. nicotianae in natural populations. Because the loss of complete resistance required a renewed use of the fungicide mefenoxam, a subset of the survey isolates was screened for sensitivity to the fungicide. All isolates were sensitive, with a mean effective concentration to inhibit 50% of hyphal growth of 0.4 μg/ml that was similar across mating types and races. Molecular characterization of 226 isolates revealed that the pathogen exists as multiple clonal types within the state. Genetic diversity among the pathogen population and the potential for sexual recombination may help explain the ability of the pathogen to rapidly adapt to host resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kestrel L McCorkle
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695
| | - Kelly L Ivors
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407
| | - David Shew
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University
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50
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Wang Z, Ni X, Peng Q, Hou Y, Fang Y, Mu W, Liu C, Liu P, Liu X. The novel fungicide SYP-14288 acts as an uncoupler against Phytophthora capsici. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 147:83-89. [PMID: 29933997 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
SYP-14288 is a novel fungicide developed by the Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry in China. Although preliminary studies indicate that SYP-14288 is highly effective against 32 important plant pathogens belonging to a range of taxonomic groups, its mode of action remains unknown. In this study, we documented that SYP-14288 has excellent activity against all of the asexual life stages of the plant-pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici, and is especially effective in blocking cyst germination and other life stages that require high energy consumption. In assays designed to determine the fungicide's mode of action, addition of ATP reduced SYP-14288 inhibition of P. capsici, which suggested that SYP-14288 inhibits ATP synthesis of the pathogen. This inference was confirmed in that treatment with SYP-14288 sharply reduced the ATP content in P. capsici. The respiration rate of P. capsici was positively correlated with the concentration of SYP-14288 or of the fungicide fluazinam (an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation), but increases in respiration were greater with SYP-14288 than with fluazinam. These results indicate that SYP-14288 is a promising fungicide that functions as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Ni
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200135, PR China
| | - Qin Peng
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yanhua Hou
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wenjun Mu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Key Laboratory of Eco-environment and Leaf Tobacco Quality, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Changling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticide, China Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shenyang 110021, PR China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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