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Ullah S, Waqas M, Halim SA, Khan I, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, Makeen HA, Ibrar A, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Triazolothiadiazoles and triazolothiadiazines as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: Mechanistic insights from kinetics studies, molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126227. [PMID: 37558024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus has been considered as a serious health problem worldwide due its high prevalence rate and associated complications. In this context, the current research work aims at exploring new structural leads for the treatment of a major metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus type 2. The outcomes of our prior studies on a diverse set of triazolothiadiazole and triazolothiadiazine derivatives and their therapeutic potential, encouraged us to explore their anti-diabetic competency by targeting the key carbohydrate catabolic enzyme, α-glucosidase. Therefore, all these analogues were examined to reveal their contribution towards this severe metabolic issue. Interestingly, all the tested compounds (2a-2l and 3a-3p) exhibited several times more potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC50 in the range of 2.44-219.93 μM) as compared to marketed drug, acarbose (IC50 = 873.34 ± 1.67 μM). Furthermore, their mechanism of action was investigated through in vitro kinetics studies which revealed compounds 3a, 3d, 3o, and 2k as competitive inhibitors, and 3f as a mixed type inhibitor of α-glucosidase. In addition, in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were applied to observe the mode of interaction of the active hits within the binding pocket of α-glucosidase. Both docking and simulation results favored our in vitro mechanistic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ullah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz A Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur KPK-22620, Pakistan.
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz 616, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.
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Gulati S, Misra A, Tiwari R, Sharma M, Pandey RM, Upadhyay AD, Chandra Sati H. Premeal almond load decreases postprandial glycaemia, adiposity and reversed prediabetes to normoglycemia: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:12-22. [PMID: 36963852 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian Indians show rapid conversion from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Novel dietary strategies are needed to arrest this progression, by targeting postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPHG). DESIGN We conducted a free-living randomized controlled open-label parallel arm study to evaluate the effect of a premeal load of almonds (20 g) 30 min before major meals on anthropometric, glycaemic, and metabolic parameters over 3 months. Sixty-six participants with prediabetes in the age range of 18-60 yrs were recruited. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration no. NCT04769726). RESULTS Thirty participants in each arm completed the study. As per 'intention-to-treat' analysis, overall additional mean reductions were statistically significant for body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), subscapular and suprailiac skinfolds, and improved handgrip strength (Kg) (p < 0·001 for all) in the treatment arm vs. the control arm (after multiple adjustments). In the blood parameters, the additional mean reduction in the treatment arm vs. control arm was statistically significant for fasting and post-75 g oral glucose-load blood glucose, postprandial insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, proinsulin, total cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0·001 for all). Most importantly, we observed a reversal to normoglycemic state (fasting blood glucose and 2 h post-OGTT glucose levels) in 23.3% (7 out of 30) of participants in the treatment arm which is comparable to that seen with Acarbose treatment (25%). CONCLUSION Incorporation of 20 g of almonds, 30 min before each major meal leads to significant improvement in body weight, WC, glycemia (particularly PPHG), and insulin resistance and shows potential for reversal of prediabetes to normal glucose regulation over 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Gulati
- Diabetes Foundation (India), New Delhi, India; National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), New Delhi, India; Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Diabetes Foundation (India), New Delhi, India; National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), New Delhi, India; Center of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), New Delhi, India; Fortis C-DOC Centre for Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Disease, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajneesh Tiwari
- National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Sharma
- National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), New Delhi, India
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Schnurr TM, Jørsboe E, Chadt A, Dahl-Petersen IK, Kristensen JM, Wojtaszewski JFP, Springer C, Bjerregaard P, Brage S, Pedersen O, Moltke I, Grarup N, Al-Hasani H, Albrechtsen A, Jørgensen ME, Hansen T. Physical activity attenuates postprandial hyperglycaemia in homozygous TBC1D4 loss-of-function mutation carriers. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1795-1804. [PMID: 33912980 PMCID: PMC8245392 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05461-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The common muscle-specific TBC1D4 p.Arg684Ter loss-of-function variant defines a subtype of non-autoimmune diabetes in Arctic populations. Homozygous carriers are characterised by elevated postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Because 3.8% of the Greenlandic population are homozygous carriers, it is important to explore possibilities for precision medicine. We aimed to investigate whether physical activity attenuates the effect of this variant on 2 h plasma glucose levels after an oral glucose load. METHODS In a Greenlandic population cohort (n = 2655), 2 h plasma glucose levels were obtained after an OGTT, physical activity was estimated as physical activity energy expenditure and TBC1D4 genotype was determined. We performed TBC1D4-physical activity interaction analysis, applying a linear mixed model to correct for genetic admixture and relatedness. RESULTS Physical activity was inversely associated with 2 h plasma glucose levels (β[main effect of physical activity] -0.0033 [mmol/l] / [kJ kg-1 day-1], p = 6.5 × 10-5), and significantly more so among homozygous carriers of the TBC1D4 risk variant compared with heterozygous carriers and non-carriers (β[interaction] -0.015 [mmol/l] / [kJ kg-1 day-1], p = 0.0085). The estimated effect size suggests that 1 h of vigorous physical activity per day (compared with resting) reduces 2 h plasma glucose levels by an additional ~0.7 mmol/l in homozygous carriers of the risk variant. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Physical activity improves glucose homeostasis particularly in homozygous TBC1D4 risk variant carriers via a skeletal muscle TBC1 domain family member 4-independent pathway. This provides a rationale to implement physical activity as lifestyle precision medicine in Arctic populations. DATA REPOSITORY The Greenlandic Cardio-Metabochip data for the Inuit Health in Transition study has been deposited at the European Genome-phenome Archive ( https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ega/dacs/EGAC00001000736 ) under accession EGAD00010001428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresia M Schnurr
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Jørsboe
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Inger K Dahl-Petersen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jonas M Kristensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen F P Wojtaszewski
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Springer
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Bjerregaard
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren Brage
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Moltke
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Grarup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anders Albrechtsen
- The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marit E Jørgensen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Greenland Center for Health Research, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Pai YW, Tang CL, Lin CH, Lin SY, Lee IT, Chang MH. Glycaemic control for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy is more than fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Diabetes Metab 2020; 47:101158. [PMID: 32413414 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between postprandial hyperglycaemia and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), whether painful or painless, has yet to be determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in adults with T2D between January and October 2013. Blood samples were collected after overnight fasting every 3 months prior to enrolment. For this study, increased postprandial glycaemic exposure was defined as high glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and near-normal mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. Both painless and painful DPN were evaluated using two validated tools, the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire. RESULTS This study included 1040 participants with mean FPG levels<140mg/dL, 535 of which were<126mg/dL. Of these patients, 200/1040 (19.2%) and 105/535 (19.6%) had DPN. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that higher HbA1c levels (≥7%) did not increase risk of painless DPN, but did significantly increase risk of painful DPN in T2D patients with FPG<140mg/dL and<126mg/dL, with corresponding odds ratios of 2.49 and 3.77 (95% confidence intervals: 1.09-5.71 and 1.20-11.79), respectively, after adjusting for demographic factors, diabetes-related variables and comorbidities. CONCLUSION This study is the first to reveal that increased postprandial glycaemic exposure, as assessed by high HbA1c and near-normal FPG levels, is associated with an increased risk of painful DPN in adults with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Pai
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C-L Tang
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C-H Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - S-Y Lin
- Centre for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-T Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - M-H Chang
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Pinés Corrales PJ, Bellido Castañeda V, Ampudia-Blasco FJ. Update on postprandial hyperglycaemia: the pathophysiology, prevalence, consequences and implications of treating diabetes. Rev Clin Esp 2020; 220:57-68. [PMID: 30527933 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To achieve appropriate glycaemic control, postprandial and baseline hyperglycaemia should be reduced. Various epidemiological studies have suggested an association between fluctuations in postprandial blood glucose and cardiovascular risk. However, studies of interventions performed to date have not shown that selective control of postprandial hyperglycaemia is associated with cardiovascular benefits. Accordingly, an appropriate combination of drugs that control both baseline and postprandial hyperglycaemia (individually based on each patient's characteristics) is the best strategy for achieving good glycaemic control. This review seeks to impart to clinicians the concept of postprandial hyperglycaemia, analysing its causes, how to measure it, its prevalence, its consequences and, ultimately, the available therapeutic strategies for the preferential control of the postprandial hyperglycaemia along with baseline hyperglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Pinés Corrales
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España
| | - V Bellido Castañeda
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Bilbao, España
| | - F J Ampudia-Blasco
- Unidad de Referencia de Diabetes, Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España.
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Sabiu S, O'Neill FH, Ashafa AOT. Kinetics of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Zea mays Linnaeus (Poaceae), Stigma maydis aqueous extract: An in vitro assessment. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 183:1-8. [PMID: 26902829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Corn silk (Zea mays L., Stigma maydis) is an important herb used traditionally in many parts of the world to treat array of diseases including diabetes mellitus. Inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase offer an effective strategy to modulate levels of post prandial hyperglycaemia via control of starch metabolism. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluated α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potentials of corn silk aqueous extract. Active principles and antioxidant attributes of the extract were also analysed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the extract was investigated by reacting its different concentrations with α-amylase and starch solution, while α-glucosidase inhibition was determined by pre-incubating α-glucosidase with different concentrations of the extract followed by addition of p-nitrophenylglucopyranoside. The mode(s) of inhibition of the enzymes were determined using Lineweaver-Burke plot. RESULTS In vitro analysis of the extract showed that it exhibited potent and moderate inhibitory potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. The inhibition was concentration-dependent with respective half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 5.89 and 0.93mg/mL. Phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins and phytosterols as probable inhibitory constituents. Furthermore, the extract remarkably scavenges reactive oxygen species like DPPH and nitric oxide radicals, elicited good reducing power and a significant metal chelating attributes. CONCLUSION Overall, the non-competitive and uncompetitive mechanism of action of corn silk extract is due to its inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Consequently, this will reduce the rate of starch hydrolysis, enhance palliated glucose levels, and thus, lending credence to hypoglycaemic candidature of corn silk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sabiu
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, QwaQwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa; Department of Microbial, Biochemical, and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - F H O'Neill
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical, and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - A O T Ashafa
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, QwaQwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa.
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Castro-Acosta ML, Lenihan-Geels GN, Corpe CP, Hall WL. Berries and anthocyanins: promising functional food ingredients with postprandial glycaemia-lowering effects. Proc Nutr Soc 2016; 75:342-55. [PMID: 27170557 DOI: 10.1017/S0029665116000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is predicted to reach unprecedented levels in the next few decades. In addition to excess body weight, there may be other overlapping dietary drivers of impaired glucose homeostasis that are associated with an obesogenic diet, such as regular exposure to postprandial spikes in blood glucose arising from diets dominated by highly refined starches and added sugars. Strategies to reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia by optimising the functionality of foods would strengthen efforts to reduce the risk of T2D. Berry bioactives, including anthocyanins, are recognised for their inhibitory effects on carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption. Regular consumption of berries has been associated with a reduction in the risk of T2D. This review aims to examine the evidence from in vitro, animal and human studies, showing that berries and berry anthocyanins may act in the gut to modulate postprandial glycaemia. Specifically, berry extracts and anthocyanins inhibit the activities of pancreatic α-amylase and α-glucosidase in the gut lumen, and interact with intestinal sugar transporters, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 and GLUT2, to reduce the rate of glucose uptake into the circulation. Growing evidence from randomised controlled trials suggests that berry extracts, purées and nectars acutely inhibit postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia following oral carbohydrate loads. Evidence to date presents a sound basis for exploring the potential for using berries/berry extracts as an additional stratagem to weight loss, adherence to dietary guidelines and increasing physical exercise, for the prevention of T2D.
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Ikeda H, Uzui H, Morishita T, Fukuoka Y, Sato T, Ishida K, Kaseno K, Arakawa K, Amaya N, Tama N, Shiomi Y, Lee JD, Tada H. Effect of postprandial hyperglycaemia on coronary flow reserve in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2015; 12:405-10. [PMID: 26297527 DOI: 10.1177/1479164115597866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated whether postprandial hyperglycaemia has an adverse effect on coronary microvascular function and left ventricular diastolic function. METHODS In all, 28 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with no significant stenosis in left anterior descending artery were enrolled. In all subjects, plasma 1,5-anhydroglucitol was measured, and coronary flow reserve in the left anterior descending artery was evaluated using a Doppler wire. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase expression on circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured by flow cytometry. Correlation analyses were performed for coronary flow reserve and 1,5-anhydroglucitol, other coronary risk factors, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase and E/e'. RESULTS Strong correlations were found only between 1,5-anhydroglucitol and coronary flow reserve and membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase. On multiple regression analysis, 1,5-anhydroglucitol remained an independent predictor of coronary flow reserve (β = 0.38, p = 0.048). CONCLUSION Postprandial hyperglycaemia appears to have an adverse effect on coronary microvascular function, suggesting that improvement of postprandial hyperglycaemia may contribute to the improvement of coronary microvascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Uzui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Morishita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Fukuoka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kaseno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Arakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Naoki Amaya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Naoto Tama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shiomi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Jong-Dae Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Fukui, Eiheiji-cho, Japan
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