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Yang SL, Wu L, Huang HL, Zhang LL, Chen YX, Zhou S, Chen XX, Wang JF, Zhang CB, Bao ZJ. Diet and lifestyle behaviours simultaneously act on frailty: it is time to move the threshold of frailty prevention and control forward. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1097. [PMID: 38643079 PMCID: PMC11032589 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyse the association among the simultaneous effects of dietary intake, daily life behavioural factors, and frailty outcomes in older Chinese women, we predicted the probability of maintaining physical robustness under a combination of different variables. METHODS The Fried frailty criterion was used to determine the three groups of "frailty", "pre-frailty", and "robust", and a national epidemiological survey was performed. The three-classification decision tree model was fitted, and the comprehensive performance of the model was evaluated to predict the probability of occurrence of different outcomes. RESULTS Among the 1,044 participants, 15.9% were frailty and 50.29% were pre-frailty; the overall prevalence first increased and then decreased with age, reaching a peak at 70-74 years of age. Through univariate analysis, filtering, and embedded screening, eight significant variables were identified: staple food, spices, exercise (frequency, intensity, and time), work frequency, self-feeling, and family emotions. In the three-classification decision tree, the values of each evaluation index of Model 3 were relatively average; the accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, and F1 score range were between 75% and 84%, and the AUC was also greater than 0.800, indicating excellent performance and the best interpretability of the results. Model 3 takes exercise time as the root node and contains 6 variables and 10 types, suggesting the impact of the comprehensive effect of these variables on robust and non-robust populations (the predicted probability range is 6.67-93.33%). CONCLUSION The combined effect of these factors (no exercise or less than 0.5 h of exercise per day, occasional exercise, exercise at low intensity, feeling more tired at work, and eating too many staple foods (> 450 g per day) are more detrimental to maintaining robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Lan Yang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - He-Lang Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Lang-Lang Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xin Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Bao Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Bao
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, 200040, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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Qing L, Zhu Y, Yu C, Zhang Y, Ni J. Exploring the association between dietary Inflammatory Index and chronic pain in US adults using NHANES 1999-2004. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8726. [PMID: 38622145 PMCID: PMC11018766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58030-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain, a substantial public health issue, may be influenced by dietary patterns through systemic inflammation. This cross-sectional study explored the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and chronic pain among 2581 American adults from NHANES data. The DII, ranging from - 4.98 to 4.69, reflects the inflammatory potential of the diet, with higher scores indicating greater pro-inflammatory capacity. Our findings showed no significant association between the continuous DII score and chronic pain prevalence. However, a nonlinear relationship emerged. When the DII was categorized, a significant association between higher DII scores (DII ≥ 2.5) and chronic pain prevalence was observed. The analysis uncovered a U-shaped pattern, with an inflection point at a DII score of - 0.9, indicating an association between both low and high levels of dietary inflammation are associated with higher pain prevalence. This nuanced interaction between dietary inflammation and chronic pain indicates the possibility of incorporating dietary modification into pain management strategies and underscores the need for further research into the long-term effects of diet on chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunxue Qing
- The First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changhe Yu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jinxia Ni
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 5 Haiyuncang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Martín-Ramos S, Domínguez-Aurrecoechea B, García Vera C, Lorente García Mauriño AM, Sánchez Almeida E, Solís-Sánchez G. [Breastfeeding in Spain and the factors related to its establishment and maintenance: LAyDI Study (PAPenRed)]. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:102772. [PMID: 37741187 PMCID: PMC10520303 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find out actual statistics on breastfeeding in Spain, as well as sociocultural and perinatal factors that affect its initiation and maintenance. DESIGN Prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, nationwide study (XXX study). SITE: Primary care paediatricians' office. PARTICIPANTS Cohort of newborns born between April 2017 and March 2018 in Spain who were followed up to two years of age in 8 visits. MAIN MEASURES Rates of different types of breastfeeding were analysed at each visit and variables related to gestation, delivery, neonatal period, social, economic and biological variables were also analysed. RESULTS Initial sample of 1946 (50.1% male). 90.7% decided to initiate breastfeeding at birth. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was 66.4% at 15days and 35.2% at 6months. Any type of breastfeeding (total breastfeeding [TBF]) at 6months was 61.7%. Median survival from TBF was 6.0months (95%CI: 6.0-6.1). Variables related to EBF at 15days: previous children, mother's level of education, absence of illness during pregnancy, no separation of mother and child at birth, no dummy use, no nipple problems, and time of decision to breastfeed. Variables related to longer duration of TBF: relationship of parents older than 5years, no dummy use, co-sleeping at one month of life, deciding to breastfeed before pregnancy, receiving information on breastfeeding during pregnancy and using support from associations. CONCLUSIONS Early abandonment of breastfeeding is a major problem in Western societies. There are factors that can be worked on to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martín-Ramos
- Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
| | - Begoña Domínguez-Aurrecoechea
- Pediatría de Atención Primaria, Miembro del equipo coordinador PAPenRed, Instituto de investigación sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, España
| | - César García Vera
- Pediatría, Centro de Salud «José Ramón Muñoz Fernandez», Coordinador de la red de investigación PAPenRED, Profesor Asociado de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, España
| | - Ana María Lorente García Mauriño
- Pediatría de Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud Juan de la Cierva, Miembro del Equipo Coordinador nacional de PAPenRED y Coordinadora autonómica de PAPenRED por la Comunidad de Madrid, Getafe, Madrid, España
| | - Elena Sánchez Almeida
- Pediatría de Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud La Guancha-San Juan de la Rambla, Miembro del Equipo Coordinador nacional de PAPenRED y Coordinadora autonómica por la Comunidad de Canarias, Formadora en lactancia materna por la IHAN, Miembro de la Comisión de lactancia materna de atención primaria de Tenerife, Presidenta de la Asociación de Pediatría de atención primaria de Canarias, La Guancha, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - Gonzalo Solís-Sánchez
- Servicio de Pediatría, Unidad Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, España
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Ziaei M, Esmaeili H, Zolaktaf V. A systematic model to identify and reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders in firefighters, and improve their function. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 36:125-132. [PMID: 37949548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Firefighting is a high-risk job with a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The aim of his study was to determine the prevalence of WMSDs, estimate the likelihood of subsequent disorders, and investigate the effect of NASM-based training protocol on firefighters function. METHOD First, prevalence and region of WMSDs in all 524 male Isfahan firefighters were determined by Medical-history-questionnaire. Then, functional movement screen (FMS) separated firefighters to the 2-dimension FMS score (FMSCS≤14 or FMSCS>14) to show at risk firefighters. Finally, 40 Participants with both FMSCS≤14 and common WMSDs randomly assigned to either an intervention (IG) (n = 20) or control (CG) (n = 20) group. The IG received NASM-based training, while the CG engaged in daily activities. Outcomes included movement efficiency during landing error scoring system-real time, Y balance, single-leg squat, and deep squat, which were assessed in pretest and posttest. RESULTS The prevalence of disorders was 52.1%, which lower limb, back, upper limb, and neck were the highest prevalence respectively. Only lower limb and back disorders could identify individuals at disorder risk with a likelihood of 89% and 71%, sequentially. Also, movement performance significantly improved in all functional tests in IG relative to CG. CONCLUSIONS Considering high disorder rate in firefighters, the value of our study lies in alleging a systematic model periodically to reduce WMSDs and risk of subsequent disorders. Not only our model determined the prevalence of WMSDs, but it also identified those who are at risk. In addition, our model represents exercise therapy as a solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ziaei
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Exercise Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Esmaeili
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Exercise Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Vahid Zolaktaf
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Exercise Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Toro DH, Mirza ZT, Báez F, Vazquez EG, Bird-Caceres JC, Ortega-Cruz HD, Perez-Rios N, Cruz-Correa M. Increased Prevalence of Advanced Histologic Features in Small and Diminutive Polyps in Patients Undergoing Surveillance and Diagnostic Colonoscopy. P R Health Sci J 2023; 42:139-145. [PMID: 37352536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies addressing small and diminutive polyps and their potential of harboring advanced histologic features (AH) are scarce in Hispanics. We aimed to determine the prevalence of AH in a cohort of Hispanics. METHODS A retrospective review of medical records of patients who had a colonoscopy from 2005 through 2010. The data collected included demographics, indications, history (personal/family) of colon cancer and/or polyps, and polyp histology. Polyps with high-grade dysplasia, prominent villous component, adenocarcinoma or serrated were classified as having AH. RESULTS The population comprised 1884 patients, and 3835 polyps were evaluated; 63.3% were diminutive (1-5 mm), 22.7% small (6-9 mm), and 13.9% large (≥10 mm). The prevalence of AH for small and diminutive polyps were 4.9% and 1.1%, respectively. Of the polyps with AH, 11.9% were diminutive and 19.6% small. Small polyps were 5.04 times more likely to harbor AH than were diminutive polyps. Distal rather than proximal polyps were more likely to harbor AH. Furthermore, AH was >7 times more common in small (6-9 mm) polyps identified during diagnostic or surveillance colonoscopies compared to screening colonoscopies. CONCLUSION The prevalence of AH was significantly associated with size, location (distal), and procedure indication. Although diminutive polyps (<6 mm) were less likely to harbor AH, the risk for non-Hispanics was higher than previously reported. The "resect and discard" strategy for polyps ≤ 1 cm should be used with caution in ethnically diverse cohorts, as the risk for AH may be higher in Hispanics than in non-Hispanic Whites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris H Toro
- VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Zeyn T Mirza
- VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Fernando Báez
- VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | | | | | - Naydi Perez-Rios
- The Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium of the University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Marcia Cruz-Correa
- The Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium of the University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico; The University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Völzer B, El Genedy-Kalyoncu M, Fastner A, Tomova-Simitchieva T, Neumann K, Sill J, Balzer K, Kottner J. Prevalence and associations of xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers, and intertrigo in aged nursing home residents: A representative prevalence study. Int J Nurs Stud 2023; 141:104472. [PMID: 36898269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of elderly and care-dependent people is increasing, leading to increased risks of adverse skin conditions. Skin care, including prevention and treatment of vulnerable skin, is an essential part of daily nursing practice in long-term residential settings. For many years, the research focus has been on individual skin problems including xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers, and intertrigo, although people may be affected by several at the same time. OBJECTIVES Aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence and associations of skin conditions relevant to nursing practice in aged nursing home residents. DESIGN Analysis of baseline data of a cluster-RCT in long-term residential settings. SETTING The study was conducted in a representative sample of n = 17 nursing homes in the federal state of Berlin, Germany. PARTICIPANTS Care dependent nursing home residents being 65+ years. METHODS A random sample of all eligible nursing homes was drawn. Demographic and health characteristics were collected and head-to-toe skin examinations conducted by dermatologists. Prevalence estimates and intracluster correlation coefficients were calculated, and group comparisons conducted. RESULTS Three hundred fourteen residents with a mean age of 85.4 (SD 7.1) years were included. The majority was affected by xerosis cutis (95.9%, 95% CI 93.6 to 97.8), followed by intertrigo 35.0% (95% CI 30.0 to 40.1), incontinence-associated dermatitis 21.0% (95% CI 15.6 to 26.3), skin tears 10.5% (95% CI 7.3 to 13.8), and pressure ulcers 8.0% (95% CI 5.1 to 10.8). In total, more than half of the nursing home residents were affected by two or more skin conditions at the same time. Several associations between skin conditions and mobility, care dependency, or cognitive impairment were observed. There were no associations between xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers or intertrigo. CONCLUSIONS The adverse skin and tissue conditions xerosis cutis, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin tears, pressure ulcers and intertrigo are very common in long-term residential settings, placing a high burden on this population. Although care receivers share similar risk factors and may be affected by several skin conditions at the same time, there are no associations indicating separate aetiological pathways. REGISTRATION This study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00015680; date of registration: January 29th, 2019) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03824886; date of registration: January 31st, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Völzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monira El Genedy-Kalyoncu
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandra Fastner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tsenka Tomova-Simitchieva
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Konrad Neumann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janna Sill
- University of Lübeck, Nursing Research Unit, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katrin Balzer
- University of Lübeck, Nursing Research Unit, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt, Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Clinical Nursing Science, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Ghent University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Belgium.
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Urrutia J, Besa P, Narvaez F, Meissner-Haecker A, Rios C, Piza C. Mid and lower thoracic kyphosis changes during adulthood: the influence of age, sex and thoracic coronal curvature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:1731-1737. [PMID: 33544182 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-03798-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is conflicting data on how thoracic kyphosis changes throughout adulthood. We evaluated mid and lower thoracic kyphosis (MTK) in various age groups and the influence of age, sex and coronal curve (CC) on MTK. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 1323 patients 15-80 years-old (54.4% females) previously evaluated with chest radiographs. We established three groups: patients 15-40 (group 1); 41-60 (group 2) and 61-80 years old (group 3). MTK (T5-T12) and CC were measured using Cobb's method. We established differences in MTK between groups using ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. We performed a correlation analysis of MTK with age and CC, and a linear regression analysis to determine if age, sex and CC independently predicted MTK. RESULTS MTK increased with older age: mean MTK group 1 = 23.4°; group 2 = 27.9° and group 3 = 34.4°, p < 0.01. The increase in MTK was observed in both genders. Scoliosis was more common in females (15.4%) than in males (6.7%), p < 0.01. MTK was correlated with age (r = 0.4; p < 0.01) and slightly correlated with CC (r = 0.07, p < 0.01). MTK was larger in females than in males (29.1° vs. 27.6°, p < 0.01). Age (ß-coefficient = 0.26) and CC (ß-coefficient = 0.14), but not sex, independently influenced MTK in the regression analysis. CONCLUSION MTK increases with advancing age during adulthood in both genders; CC, but not sex, was an independent predictor of MTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Urrutia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Pablo Besa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Narvaez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arturo Meissner-Haecker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Clemente Rios
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Piza
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
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Dan J, Okanoue Y, Kitaoka K, Ikeuchi M. Prevalence of iliopsoas bursitis in patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:1013-1015. [PMID: 34908142 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Iliopsoas bursitis (IB) is a relatively rare condition that is associated with hip diseases. It can cause neurological symptoms and swelling of the lower extremities by compressing the femoral nerve and vessels. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of IB in patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis. METHODS A total of 544 patients underwent total hip arthroplasty between May 2010 and May 2019. All patients were examined using computed tomography (CT) to perform preoperative planning. We reviewed the CT images and examined the prevalence and size of IB. These lesions were divided into three types based on their shape (round type, oval type, and heart-shaped type). RESULTS Of the 544 patients, IB was found in 37 patients. We observed the round type in 4 patients, the oval type in 31 patients, and the heart-shaped type in 2 patients. Two patients showed severe swelling in the legs and had a blood circulatory disorder of the legs. Both cases were heart-shaped bursitis. CONCLUSION Symptomatic IB was observed in two cases, both of which had a heart shape surrounding the iliopsoas tendon and femoral neurovascular bundle. Although symptomatic IB is a rare condition, special attention is required for heart-shaped IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Dan
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okanoue
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kitaoka
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kochi Prefecture Hata Kenmin Hospital, Sukumo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ikeuchi
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan
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Sevin T, Daniau C, Alfandari S, Piednoir E, Dumartin C, Blanchard H, Simon L, Berger-Carbonne A, Le Vu S. Patterns of antibiotic use in hospital-acquired infections. J Hosp Infect 2021; 114:104-110. [PMID: 34052283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring the use of antimicrobials in hospitalized patients is critical owing to the risk of resistance selection. This study aimed to describe the patterns of antimicrobial prescription for the most frequent healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in France, relating drugs and microbiological data. METHODS We used data from the 2017 point-prevalence survey of HAI and antimicrobial use in France, a large nationally representative sample survey of inpatients. We sought unambiguous correspondence between individual indications of antibiotic regimen and HAI sites to determine which molecules were directed towards which pathogen, considering its resistance profile. RESULTS Among 75,698 adult patients from 401 hospitals, 5.1% had an active HAI and 4.3% were being treated for an HAI. The two most frequent antibiotic indications were lower respiratory tract (LRTI, 27.7%) and urinary tract infections (UTI, 18.4%). For LRTI, the most prescribed antibiotic was amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (27.6%) and most frequently isolated pathogens (each accounting for around 17% of isolates) were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Meticillin-resistant S. aureus LRTI was more likely to be treated with linezolid. For UTI, ofloxacin, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin/co-amoxiclav were most-prescribed (∼13% each) and E. coli predominantly isolated (52.0%). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli UTI were more likely treated by fosfomycin, pivmecillinam or ertapenem. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a baseline of antimicrobial use in relation to microbiological information in patients with the most common HAIs. These results can serve to direct future efforts in antimicrobial stewardship. Our work could be extended to a broader population, notably in Europe where similar surveys have been conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sevin
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France; Unité d'Hygiène et de Prévention des Infections, Centre Hospitalier Châteauroux - Le Blanc, Châteauroux, France
| | - C Daniau
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - S Alfandari
- Service de Réanimation et Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Tourcoing, France
| | - E Piednoir
- Centre d'appui pour la prévention des infections associées aux soins (CPias) Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - C Dumartin
- CPias Nouvelle Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - H Blanchard
- CPias Île-de-France, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - L Simon
- CPias Grand Est, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - A Berger-Carbonne
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - S Le Vu
- Direction des maladies infectieuses, Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France.
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Delghandi MR, Menanteau-Ledouble S, Waldner K, El-Matbouli M. Renibacterium salmoninarum and Mycobacterium spp.: two bacterial pathogens present at low levels in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) populations in Austrian rivers. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:40. [PMID: 32013968 PMCID: PMC6998173 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2260-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renibacterium salmoninarum and Mycobacterium sp. are important bacterial pathogens of fish. R. salmoninarum is the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, a Gram-positive bacterium mostly known for causing chronic infections in salmonid fish, while multiple species belonging to the Mycobacterium genus have been associated with mycobacteriosis in fish as well as in human. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of these two bacterial pathogens in populations of wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) in four rivers (Kamp, Wulka, Traun and Ybbs) in Austria. RESULTS A total of 457 kidney samples were examined for both bacterial agents using nested and conventional PCR as well as bacterial cultivation on KDM-2, histological examination and immunohistochemistry. Molecular evidence showed an estimated prevalence level of 0.94% for R. salmoninarum in 2017 while the bacterium could not be detected in 2018 and histology showed signs consistent with a low-level chronic inflammation in the kidney of infected fish. Similarly, no fish were found positive for Mycobacterium in 2017 but in 2018, the prevalence was found to be 37.03% in the Kamp river (4.08% across all rivers). The sequencing data confirmed that these fish carried Mycobacterium sp. although the precise species of Mycobacterium could not be ascertained. CONCLUSIONS This survey constitutes the first insight into the prevalence rate of R. salmoninarum and Mycobacterium sp. in wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) populations in Austria. Both of these pathogens were only detected in the summer months (June and July), which might suggest that the stress linked to increased water temperature could act as stressor factor and contribute to the outbreak of these diseases. The age of the fish might also play a role, especially in the case of Mycobacterium sp. as all the infected fish were in their first summer (June).
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Delghandi
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - S. Menanteau-Ledouble
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - K. Waldner
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
A pressure ulcer prevalence of 17.3% at Odense University Hospital in Denmark in 2010 prompted action and a quality improvement project was planned. This had two aims: to reduce pressure ulcers at the hospital by 50% and to have no pressure ulcers at or above category 3. An project was established with a steering committee, a pressure ulcer specialist nurse, local dedicated nurses and nurse assistants to implement a pressure ulcer bundle in clinical practice at all departments at the hospital. Six years later the pressure ulcer prevalence was down to approximately 2% and in 2018 only one stage 3 pressure ulcer occurred in the hospital. Pressure ulcer prevention is now incorporated into clinical practice in all departments at the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aase Fremmelevholm
- Wound Specialist Nurse, Department of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Knaerke Soegaard
- Quality Consultant, Department of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Yu D, Deng Q, Wang J, Chang X, Wang S, Yang R, Yu J, Yu J. Air Pollutants are associated with Dry Eye Disease in Urban Ophthalmic Outpatients: a Prevalence Study in China. J Transl Med 2019; 17:46. [PMID: 30767763 PMCID: PMC6376760 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1794-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous prevalence studies of DED were reported from some countries worldwide, national data are unavailable in China. We aimed to conduct an up-to-date national survey on the prevalence of DED in China and find out the potential risk factors including air pollutant. METHODS 23,922 eligible outpatients were recruited from ophthalmic clinics of 32 cities in China in 2013 by registration orders. The patients' demographic characteristics, history of keratorefractive surgery, diseases and medication history were collected and the daily air pollutant data in 2013. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed to identify the potential risk factors associated with DED. The association between related factors and dry eye diseases subtypes evaluated as p value and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Among 23,922 outpatients, the prevalence of DED was 61.57%, and that of the male patients was 57.64% and of the female was 65.32% (P < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression suggested that the possible risk factors for DED included: female, older age, history of keratorefractive surgery, presence of arthritis, thyroid diseases, and antihistamine, diuretic, duodenal ulcer drugs, diazepam. Air pollutants including O3, PM2.5, and SO2 were also identified as the risk factors. CONCLUSION The prevalence of DED among ophthalmic outpatients in China was considerably high. Age, gender, history of keratorefractive surgery, diseases, medication history, and air pollutants were associated with DED prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 301, Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinglong Deng
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No. 138, Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No. 138, Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Chang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Tsinghua Yuan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxiao Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, No. 1, Tsinghua Yuan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Renren Yang
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No. 138, Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, No. 138, Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 301, Yanchang Road, Shanghai, China
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Kim JH, Sharan A, Cho W, Emam M, Hagen M, Kim SY. The Prevalence of Asymptomatic Cervical and Lumbar Facet Arthropathy: A Computed Tomography Study. Asian Spine J 2019; 13:417-422. [PMID: 30744307 PMCID: PMC6547401 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2018.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Case control study. PURPOSE To determine the prevalence and degree of asymptomatic cervical and lumbar facet joint arthritis. We retrospectively reviewed 500 computed tomography (CT) scans of cervical facet joints obtained from 50 subjects. Moreover, 500 lumbar facet joints obtained from an additional 50 subjects were reviewed. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Numerous reports in the literature indicate that joint arthritis is a major source of axial neck and low back pain. However, the diagnostic value of this condition, based on degenerative changes seen on radiological studies, remains controversial because significant imaging findings may not correlate with corresponding symptoms. The CT scan is a sensitive method for facet joint evaluation and may reveal degenerative abnormalities. Previous studies have described the prevalence of facet arthropathy in symptomatic patients, according to radiological findings; however, no study to date has assessed its prevalence in asymptomatic patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the neck and abdominal CT scans of patients had been examined for non-spinal pathologies (i.e., thyroid disease, rule out cancer, ascites). Electronic medical records were reviewed to exclude patients with histories of either neck or back pain. Arthritis severity was graded using a previously published four-point CT scale. RESULTS The prevalence of asymptomatic cervical facet arthritis (grade 1-3) was 33% (grade 1, 19%; grade 2, 11%; and grade 3, 3%). Among asymptomatic patients, 37% had scalable lumbar facet join arthritis (grade 1, 24%; grade 2, 9%; and grade 3, 4%). There was a statistically significant difference (chi-square test, p<0.0001) in the number of older individuals with arthritic degeneration at the cervical and lumbar levels compared with that of younger individuals. The C6-C7 and L5-S1 levels were the most likely to show arthritic changes. CONCLUSIONS Arthritic changes to the cervical and lumbar facet joints are prevalent among patients, and in some cases are asymptomatic. These findings were more common in older patients and at lower spinal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai St. Luke's and Mt. Sinai West Hospitals, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alok Sharan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Westmed Medical Group, Yonkers, NY, USA
| | - Woojin Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Emam
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Michael Hagen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Maleki I, Mohammadpour M, Zarrinpour N, Khabazi M, Mohammadpour RA. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Sari Northern Iran; a population based study. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2019; 12:31-7. [PMID: 30949317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM In this study prevalence rate of Helicobacter pylori and its associated factors have been investigated in urban and rural areas of Sari. BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori has an important role in gastrointestinal diseases including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. It is the most common infection in human population worldwide. Hence, the epidemiology of this infection in all parts of the world is of utmost importance. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 497 individuals ranging 15-65 years of age in Sari city and its surrounding rural residents. The sampling method was a cluster random sampling multi staged in stratified population by urban and rural areas. Questionnaires for personal and socio-economic data were filled. Blood samples were drawn and kept for analysis (IgG antibody ELISA for Helicobacter pylori). The data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software and Chi-square test and logistic regression were used. RESULTS The prevalence of helicobacter infection was 44.5% in the studied population. This prevalence was 41.3% and 47.8% in urban and rural areas, respectively. Just a significant association between the infection and the age of subjects was observed in multiple regression analysis (p=0.001). However, in univariate analysis the level of education was also significantly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection (p=0.015). No other variable was associated with the infection. CONCLUSION The prevalence of helicobacter infection has dropped significantly in the region in comparison with the previous studies during the last 15 years.
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Spiga R, Subtil F, Grattard F, Fascia P, Mariat C, Auboyer C, Lucht F, Pozzetto B, Berthelot P. Hospital-acquired infections documented by repeated annual prevalence surveys over 15 years. Med Mal Infect 2017; 48:136-140. [PMID: 29276158 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the benefits of iterative prevalence surveys in detecting trends of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). METHODS On the basis of the French protocol for national prevalence studies, HAI data of 15 consecutive annual surveys performed at the same period by the same group of investigators was gathered in a single database to describe the trend of HAIs in a University Hospital over a 15-year period. RESULTS A total of 20,401 patients were included. Overall, the prevalence of patients presenting with at least one HAI acquired in our University Hospital was 5.1% [95% CI, 4.8-5.4%]. The prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial drug use significantly decreased over time (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Despite limitations, repeated prevalence surveys can be a useful tool for promoting control measures to better prevent HAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Spiga
- Infection Control Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - F Subtil
- Service de biostatistique, hospices civils de Lyon, 162, avenue Lacassagne, 69003 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; CNRS, UMR 5558, laboratoire de biométrie et biologie évolutive, équipe biostatistique-Santé, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - F Grattard
- Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology-Hygiene, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - P Fascia
- Infection Control Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - C Mariat
- Nephrology and Transplant unit, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - C Auboyer
- Intensive Care Unit, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - F Lucht
- Infection Control Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - B Pozzetto
- Nephrology and Transplant unit, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France
| | - P Berthelot
- Infection Control Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France; Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology-Hygiene, University hospital of Saint-Étienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 02, France.
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Lv TT, Wang P, Guan SY, Li HM, Li XM, Wang B, Pan HF. Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Ir J Med Sci 2018; 187:723-30. [PMID: 29256037 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-017-1727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been suggested to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the results of prevalence studies on PH in SLE vary substantially. To derive a more precise estimation on the prevalence of PH in SLE, a meta-analysis was performed. METHODS Relevant literatures were searched in PubMed and EMBASE until November 2017. A total of 1366 articles were obtained after searching databases, and 23 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity test was performed, and publication bias was evaluated. RESULTS The result of analysis in random effect model showed that the pooled prevalence was 8% (95%CI 5-12%). There was no evidence of publication bias (p = 0.51). To evaluate the stability of our results, sensitivity analyses were performed, and the results showed no significant change when any one study was excluded. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that there were significant differences in PH prevalence in SLE patients of different gender, age, regions, year of publication, and diagnostic methods. CONCLUSIONS PH is prevalent in SLE patients, but it was significantly different between different gender, age, regions, year of publication, and diagnostic methods.
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Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 4 in 10 women in North America in their lifetime and 13-27 % in the past year. The basis for estimates stems largely from studies involving Caucasian women. Less is known about other minority populations such as South Asian women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IPV in the past year among South Asian women living in Southern Ontario. We conducted a survey of South Asian women living in Southern Ontario. All adult self-identified South Asian women attending a cultural event celebrating South Asian women who could understand English or Punjabi were eligible to participate. The survey contained three IPV prevalence questions adapted from the Woman Abuse Screening Tool. A total of 188 women (45 % of potentially eligible women) participated. Nearly 1 in 5 women reported IPV within the past year (19.3 %, 95 % CI 13.9-26.1 %). In this study single women were significantly more likely to have experienced IPV in the past year compared to married women (p = 0.035). Self-identified immigrant and non-immigrant South Asian women in this sample of women living in Southern Ontario experienced violence in proportions comparable to the general population. Programs for women should ensure accessibility and support of all ethnicities given equivalent rates of violence in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Madden
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 293 Wellington St N Suite 110, Hamilton, ON, L8L 8E7, Canada.
| | - Taryn Scott
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 293 Wellington St N Suite 110, Hamilton, ON, L8L 8E7, Canada
| | - Naushin Sholapur
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, 293 Wellington St N Suite 110, Hamilton, ON, L8L 8E7, Canada
| | - Mohit Bhandari
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Escudié JB, Rance B, Malamut G, Khater S, Burgun A, Cellier C, Jannot AS. A novel data-driven workflow combining literature and electronic health records to estimate comorbidities burden for a specific disease: a case study on autoimmune comorbidities in patients with celiac disease. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2017; 17:140. [PMID: 28962565 PMCID: PMC5622531 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-017-0537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data collected in EHRs have been widely used to identifying specific conditions; however there is still a need for methods to define comorbidities and sources to identify comorbidities burden. We propose an approach to assess comorbidities burden for a specific disease using the literature and EHR data sources in the case of autoimmune diseases in celiac disease (CD). METHODS We generated a restricted set of comorbidities using the literature (via the MeSH® co-occurrence file). We extracted the 15 most co-occurring autoimmune diseases of the CD. We used mappings of the comorbidities to EHR terminologies: ICD-10 (billing codes), ATC (drugs) and UMLS (clinical reports). Finally, we extracted the concepts from the different data sources. We evaluated our approach using the correlation between prevalence estimates in our cohort and co-occurrence ranking in the literature. RESULTS We retrieved the comorbidities for 741 patients with CD. 18.1% of patients had at least one of the 15 studied autoimmune disorders. Overall, 79.3% of the mapped concepts were detected only in text, 5.3% only in ICD codes and/or drugs prescriptions, and 15.4% could be found in both sources. Prevalence in our cohort were correlated with literature (Spearman's coefficient 0.789, p = 0.0005). The three most prevalent comorbidities were thyroiditis 12.6% (95% CI 10.1-14.9), type 1 diabetes 2.3% (95% CI 1.2-3.4) and dermatitis herpetiformis 2.0% (95% CI 1.0-3.0). CONCLUSION We introduced a process that leveraged the MeSH terminology to identify relevant autoimmune comorbidities of the CD and several data sources from EHRs to phenotype a large population of CD patients. We achieved prevalence estimates comparable to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Escudié
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- Pôle Informatique Médicale et Santé Publique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bastien Rance
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Georgia Malamut
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sherine Khater
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anita Burgun
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Jannot
- Georges Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Abstract
Differences in problem gambling rates between males and females suggest that associated risk factors vary by gender. Previous combined analyses of male and female gambling may have obscured these distinctions. This study aimed to develop separate risk factor models for gambling problems for males and for females, and identify gender-based similarities and differences. It analysed data from the largest prevalence study in Victoria Australia (N = 15,000). Analyses determined factors differentiating non-problem from at-risk gamblers separately for women and men, then compared genders using interaction terms. Separate multivariate analyses determined significant results when controlling for all others. Variables included demographics, gambling behaviour, gambling motivations, money management, and mental and physical health. Significant predictors of at-risk status amongst female gamblers included: 18-24 years old, not speaking English at home, living in a group household, unemployed or not in the workforce, gambling on private betting, electronic gaming machines (EGMs), scratch tickets or bingo, and gambling for reasons other than social reasons, to win money or for general entertainment. For males, risk factors included: 18-24 years old, not speaking English at home, low education, living in a group household, unemployed or not in the workforce, gambling on EGMs, table games, races, sports or lotteries, and gambling for reasons other than social reasons, to win money or for general entertainment. High risk groups requiring appropriate interventions comprise young adults, especially males; middle-aged female EGM gamblers; non-English speaking populations; frequent EGM, table games, race and sports gamblers; and gamblers motivated by escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerilee Hing
- Centre for Gambling Education and Research, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | - Alex Russell
- Centre for Gambling Education and Research, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Barry Tolchard
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.,School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Lia Nower
- Center for Gambling Studies, Rutgers University, New York, NY, USA
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Luehrs A, Siegenthaler S, Grützner N, Grosse Beilage E, Kuhnert P, Nathues H. Occurrence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis infections in fattening pigs and association with clinical signs and pathological lesions of Enzootic Pneumonia. Vet Microbiol 2017; 203:1-5. [PMID: 28619130 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory disorders in fattening pigs are of major concern worldwide. Particularly Enzootic Pneumonia remains a problem for the pig industry. This chronic respiratory disease is primarily caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae). However, more recently it was hypothesised that M. hyorhinis can also cause similar lung lesions. To investigate the relevance of M. hyorhinis as a cause of pneumonia in fattening pigs 10 farms in Switzerland (considered free of Enzootic Pneumonia) and 20 farms in Germany (regarded as endemic for Enzootic Pneumonia) with a history of chronic and/or recurrent respiratory diseases were included in the study. During a one-time farm visit the coughing index was determined in the batch of oldest fattening pigs in each farm before submission to slaughter. In total, 1375 lungs from these pigs were collected at the abattoir and individually scored for lesions. Furthermore, 600 lungs with, if present, indicative lesions for Enzootic Pneumonia (purple to grey areas of tissue consolidation in the cranio-ventral lung lobes) were tested for mycoplasma species by culture and by real-time PCR for the presence of M. hyorhinis and M. hyopneumoniae. In total, 15.7% of the selected lungs were tested positive for M. hyorhinis by real-time PCR. The prevalence of M. hyorhinis was 10% in Switzerland and 18.5% in Germany and differed significantly between these two countries (p=0.007). M. hyorhinis was detected significantly more often in pneumonic lungs (p=0.004) but no significant association was found between M. hyorhinis and the coughing index or the M. hyopneumoniae status of the pig. M. hyopneumoniae was detected in 0% and 78.5% of the selected lungs in Switzerland and Germany, respectively. We found no evidence that M. hyorhinis alone can lead to similar lung lesions as seen by an infection with M. hyopneumoniae in fattening pigs. In addition, a simultaneous infection with both M. hyorhinis and M. hyopneumoniae did not aggravate the observed lung lesions. Moreover, the presence of M. hyorhinis showed no clinical effect in terms of coughing at least at the end of the fattening phase. However, different levels of virulence of M. hyorhinis isolates as well as interactions with viral pathogens like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were reported in the literature and need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Luehrs
- Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland; Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bueschelerstr. 9, 49456 Bakum, Germany
| | - Salome Siegenthaler
- Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Niels Grützner
- Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Grosse Beilage
- Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bueschelerstr. 9, 49456 Bakum, Germany
| | - Peter Kuhnert
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Nathues
- Clinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstr. 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.
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Fajreldines A, Insua J, Schnitzler E. [Prevalence of potentially inappropriate drug prescription in the elderly]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 31:279-84. [PMID: 26970837 DOI: 10.1016/j.cali.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the causes of preventable adverse drug events (ADES) in older patients constitutes inappropriate prescription of drugs (PIM). The PIM is where risks exceed the clinical benefit. Several instruments can be use to measure this problem, the most used are: a) Beers criteria; b) Screening tool to Older People Potentially inappropriate Prescription (STOPP); c) Screening tool to Alert Doctors to Right Appropriate indicated Treatments (START); d) The Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI). This study aims to assess the prevalence of PIM, in a population of older adults in three clinical scopes of university hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS cross sectional study of 300 cases from a random sample of fields: hospitalization (n=100), ambulatory (n=100) and emergency (n=100), all patients over 65 years old or more who where treated at our hospital. RESULTS 1355 prescription drugs were analized, finding patients hospitalized (PIM) of 57.7%, 55%, 26%, and 80% according to Beers, in ambulatory 36%, 36.5%, 5% and 52% with the same tools and in emergency 35%, 35%, 6% y 52% with the same tools. Was found significant association the PIM with polipharmacy with Beers, STOPP and MAI. CONCLUSIONS results can be compare to world literature (26-80% vs 11-73.1%). The STOPP-START used in an integrated manner would be best estimating the problem of PIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fajreldines
- Departamento de Calidad y seguridad del paciente, Hospital Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - J Insua
- Sistema de Información Hospitalario (HIS), Hospital Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Schnitzler
- Dirección Médica, Hospital Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chieochansin T, Vutithanachot V, Phumpholsup T, Posuwan N, Theamboonlers A, Poovorawan Y. The prevalence and genotype diversity of Human Rotavirus A circulating in Thailand, 2011-2014. Infect Genet Evol 2016; 37:129-36. [PMID: 26593177 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Human rotavirus A (RVA) is the major infectious virus causing acute watery diarrhea in children, especially those younger than 5 years of age, and is a major public health problem in Thailand. Outbreaks of this virus have been reported worldwide. Besides the common genotypes, unusual genotypes providing evidence of inter-species transmission have also been described. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genotypes of RVA in Thailand. A total of 688 samples were collected from children who were hospitalized with acute diarrhea in Chumphae Hospital in Khon Kaen and Chulalongkorn Hospital in Bangkok. RVA was detected using one-step RT-PCR and the genotypes were evaluated by sequencing. Overall, 204 of the 688 samples (30%) were positive for RVA. Nine genotypes were identified: three common in humans (G1P[8] [53%], G2P[4] [18%], G3P[8] [12%]), one feline-like (G3P[9] [1%]), four porcine-like (G4P[6] [0.5%], G5P[6] [0.5%], G9P[8] [0.5%], G12P[6] [1.5%]), and one bovine-like (G8P[8] [13%]). The variation in virus genotypes and the animal-like genotypes detected in this study suggested that a high diversity of RVA types is circulating in the Thai population. Therefore, continuous molecular epidemiological monitoring of RVA is essential and has implications for the national vaccination program.
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L'Azou M, Succo T, Kamagaté M, Ouattara A, Gilbernair E, Adjogoua E, Luxemburger C. Dengue: etiology of acute febrile illness in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, in 2011-2012. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2015; 109:717-22. [PMID: 26385938 PMCID: PMC4603269 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trv076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of dengue in Africa is not well understood. A prospective study was conducted in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire from December 2011 to December 2012 to estimate the proportion of dengue and malaria cases among febrile patients during a period when dengue was not known to be circulating in the region, and to describe the clinical and virological characteristics of laboratory-diagnosed dengue cases. Methods Blood samples were taken from febrile patients (body temperature ≥38°C) at two study sites. Patients with fever lasting more than 7 days, with fever of known origin and with jaundice were excluded. Thick blood film tests, ELISA for anti-dengue IgM and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were performed. Results A total of 812 patients were enrolled (51.7% male [48.3% female]; 46.4% aged <10 years) of whom 796 (98.0%) provided IgM ELISA and RT-PCR data, and 807 (99.4%) had thick blood film results. Three (0.4%) patients had laboratory-diagnosed dengue (one with DENV-3 serotype), none of whom were diagnosed clinically, and 234 (28.8%) had confirmed malaria. Conclusions This study suggests that dengue virus circulates in Abidjan outside an epidemic and that there should be an increase in awareness of dengue as a possible diagnosis in cases of undifferentiated fever. These results stress the importance of implementing laboratory capacity to assess dengue burden in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïna L'Azou
- Global Epidemiology Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Avenue Pont Pasteur 69367 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Tiphanie Succo
- Global Epidemiology Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Avenue Pont Pasteur 69367 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | | | - Abdoulaye Ouattara
- Epidemiology and Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Edgar Adjogoua
- Endemic Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Christine Luxemburger
- Global Epidemiology Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Avenue Pont Pasteur 69367 Lyon cedex 07, France
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Rommel N, Rohleder NH, Wagenpfeil S, Härtel-Petri R, Jacob F, Wolff KD, Kesting MR. The impact of the new scene drug "crystal meth" on oral health: a case-control study. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:469-75. [PMID: 26174081 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of methamphetamine (MA), a highly addictive stimulant, is rapidly increasing, with MA being widely abused as the scene drug "Crystal Meth" (CM). CM has been associated with severe oral health effects, resulting in so-called "Meth mouth". This term appeared for the first time in 2005 in the literature and describes the final complex of symptoms including rampant caries, periodontal diseases and excessive tooth wear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic CM abuse on teeth and intraoral tissue with respect to potential symptoms of Meth mouth. MATERIALS AND METHODS In cooperation with two centres for addiction medicine, we performed clinical intraoral investigations in 100 chronic CM users and 100 matched-pair controls. We undertook a caries and periodontal examination by using the clinical parameters DMF-T/DMF-S, bleeding on probing index (BOP) and periodontal screening index (PSI) and tested individual oral hygiene by using approximal space plaque index (API). All clinical data were analysed by the t test for independent samples. RESULTS We found significantly larger numbers of caries (p < 0.001) and higher levels of gingival bleeding (p < 0.001) and periodontal disease (p < 0.001) among CM users. Oral hygiene was significantly lower in CM users (p < 0.024). CONCLUSION Chronic CM use can lead to extensive potential damage within the intraoral cavity. When CM is used over a long period of time and in the absence of treatment, clinical symptoms in terms of Meth mouth syndrome cannot be excluded. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Based on our results, we recommend a specific prevention and therapeutic concept including educational campaigns for MA users and specialized dental care for CM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rommel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Munich University of Technology, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nils H Rohleder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Munich University of Technology, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Saarland at Homburg/Saar, Kirrberger Straße 100, D-66424, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Roland Härtel-Petri
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Neurology, Nordring 2, D-954, 44 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Frederic Jacob
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Munich University of Technology, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Munich University of Technology, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco R Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Munich University of Technology, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
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Urrutia J, Zamora T, Prada C. The prevalence of degenerative or incidental findings in the lumbar spine of pediatric patients: a study using magnetic resonance imaging as a screening tool. Eur Spine J 2015; 25:596-601. [PMID: 26153679 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several studies using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the lumbar spine in adults have shown a large prevalence of degenerative changes in asymptomatic subjects; however, studies in pediatric patients are scarce. Those studies have suggested a lower rate of degenerative findings in adolescents than in adults, but the actual prevalence of MRI findings in the pediatric population has not yet been determined. We aimed to determine the prevalence of degenerative changes in the lumbar spine of pediatric patients using abdominal and pelvic MRI as the screening tool. METHODS We studied 103 patients (mean age 6.6 years) who were evaluated with abdominal and pelvic MRI for indications that were not spine related. The entire lumbo-sacral spine was evaluated to detect the presence of disc degeneration (DD), disc displacement, anular rupture with high-intensity zone (HIZ) and Modic changes. RESULTS In our population, 10.7 % [4.9-16.5] had at least one disc classified as Pfirrmann 2, and no patients presented discs classified as Pfirrmann 3, 4 or 5; patients exhibiting discs classified as Pfirrmann 2 were significantly older than patients who had only Pfirrmann 1 discs. The prevalence of disc bulging was 1 % [0-2.9]. No patients presented disc herniation (including protrusion or extrusions); additionally, no patients exhibited HIZ or Modic changes. CONCLUSIONS Incidental findings related to DD are very uncommon at this early age, in contrast to findings described in adults or later in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Urrutia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Tomas Zamora
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Prada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile
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De Keuckelaere A, Li D, Deliens B, Stals A, Uyttendaele M. Batch testing for noroviruses in frozen raspberries. Int J Food Microbiol 2015; 192:43-50. [PMID: 25306298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Berries, in particular raspberries, have been associated with multiple recalls due to norovirus contamination and were linked to a number of norovirus (NoV) outbreaks. In the present study a total of 130 samples of frozen raspberries were collected from 26 batches in four different raspberry processing companies. In two companies the samples consisted of bulk frozen raspberries serving as raw material for the production of raspberry puree (an intermediate food product in a business to business setting). In two other companies, the samples consisted of bulk individually quick frozen (IQF) raspberries serving as raw material for the production of frozen fruit mixes (as a final food product for consumer). Enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliforms was performed as well as real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) detection of GI and GII NoV (in 2 × 10 g). In addition, in cases where positive NoV GI or GII RT-qPCR signals were obtained, an attempt to sequence the amplicons was undertaken. Six out of 70 samples taken from the 14 batches of frozen raspberries serving raspberry puree production provided a NoV RT-qPCR signal confirmed by sequencing. Four of these six positive samples clustered in one batch whereas the other two positive samples clustered in another batch from the same company. All six positive samples showed NoV RT-qPCR signals above the limit of quantification of the RT-qPCR assay. These two positive batches of frozen raspberries can be classified as being of insufficient sanitary quality. The mean NoV level in 20 g of these raspberry samples was 4.3 log genomic copies NoV GI/20 g. The concern for public health is uncertain as NoV RT-qPCR detection is unable to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious virus particles. For the IQF raspberries, one batch out of 12 tested NoV positive, but only 1 out of the 5 samples analyzed in this batch showed a positive RT-qPCR GI NoV signal confirmed by sequencing. The RT-qPCR signal was below the limit of quantification of the assay used (<3.7 log genomic copies/20g). It was shown that the applied protocol for sequencing of the amplicon to confirm the specificity of the RT-qPCR signal was successful for GI NoV amplicons but often failed and provided an inconclusive result for GII NoV amplicons.
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Urrutia J, Cuellar J, Zamora T. Spondylolysis and spina bifida occulta in pediatric patients: prevalence study using computed tomography as a screening method. Eur Spine J 2014; 25:590-5. [PMID: 25070790 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-014-3480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of spondylolysis reported from radiograph-based studies has been questioned in recent computed tomography (CT)-based studies in adults; however, no new data are available in pediatric patients. Spina bifida occulta (SBO), which has been associated to spondylolysis, may be increasing its prevalence, according to recent studies in adults in the last decades, but without new data in pediatric patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of spondylolysis and SBO in pediatric patients using abdomen and pelvis CT as a screening tool. METHODS We studied 228 patients 4-15 years old (107 males), who were evaluated with abdomen and pelvis CT scans for reasons not related to the spine. The entire lumbo-sacral spine was evaluated to detect the presence of spondylolysis and SBO. We compared the prevalence of spondylolysis in patients with and without SBO. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of age and sex as independent predictors of spondylolysis and SBO. RESULTS The prevalence of spondylolysis was 3.5 % (1.1-5.9 %); 2/8 patients presented with olisthesis, both with grade I slip. The prevalence of SBO was 41.2 % (34.8-59.2 %) (94 patients). Spondylolysis was not more frequent in patients with SBO than in patients without SBO. Male sex and decreasing age independently predicted the presence of SBO, but not of spondylolysis. CONCLUSION We observed a 3.5 % prevalence of spondylolysis and a 41.2 % prevalence of SBO. SBO was significantly more frequent in males and younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Urrutia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Jorge Cuellar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Zamora
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Marcoleta 352, Santiago, Chile
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Patel KV, Guralnik JM, Dansie EJ, Turk DC. Prevalence and impact of pain among older adults in the United States: findings from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study. Pain 2014; 154:2649-2657. [PMID: 24287107 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine the prevalence and impact of pain in a nationally representative sample of older adults in the United States. Data from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study were analyzed. In-person interviews were conducted in 7601 adults ages ≥65 years. The response rate was 71.0% and all analyses were weighted to account for the sampling design. The overall prevalence of bothersome pain in the last month was 52.9%, afflicting 18.7 million older adults in the United States. Pain did not vary across age groups (P = 0.21), and this pattern remained unchanged when accounting for cognitive performance, dementia, proxy responses, and residential care living status. Pain prevalence was higher in women and in older adults with obesity, musculoskeletal conditions, and depressive symptoms (P < 0.001). The majority (74.9%) of older adults with pain endorsed multiple sites of pain. Several measures of physical capacity, including grip strength and lower-extremity physical performance, were associated with pain and multisite pain. For example, self-reported inability to walk 3 blocks was 72% higher in participants with than without pain (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.72 [95% confidence interval 1.56-1.90]). Participants with 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 sites of pain had gait speeds that were 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08 meters per second slower, respectively, than older adults without pain, adjusting for disease burden and other potential confounders (P < 0.001). In summary, bothersome pain in the last month was reported by half of the older adult population of the United States in 2011 and was strongly associated with decreased physical function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushang V Patel
- Center for Pain Research on Impact, Measurement and Effectiveness, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Pinzón-Amado A, Guerrero S, Moreno K, Landínez C, Pinzón J. [Suicide Ideation Among Medical Students: Prevalence and Associated Factors]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 43 Suppl 1:47-55. [PMID: 26574113 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is well documented that physicians have higher rates of suicide than the general population. This risk tends to increase even from the beginning of undergraduate training in medicine. There are few studies evaluating the frequency of suicidal behaviors in undergraduate medical students, particularly in Latin America. OBJECTIVE To determine the lifetime prevalence and the variables associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a sample of medical students from the city of Bucaramanga, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS An analytical cross-sectional observational study was conducted to determine the lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a non-random sample of medical students enrolled in three medical schools in Bucaramanga. A self-administered questionnaire was voluntarily and anonymously answered by the participants. Validated versions of the CES-D and CAGE scales were used to assess the presence of depressive symptoms and problematic alcohol use, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression model was generated in order to adjust the estimates of variables associated with the outcome «suicidal ideation in life». RESULTS The study sample consisted of 963 medical students, of which 57% (n=549) of the participants were women. The average age was 20.3 years (SD=2.3 years). Having had at least one episode of serious suicidal ideation in their lifetime was reported by 15.7% (n=149) of the students, with 5% (n=47) of the students reported having made at least one suicide attempt. Having taken antidepressants during their medical training was reported by 13.9% (n=131) of the students. The variables associated with the presence of suicidal ideation in the logistic regression model were: clinically significant depressive symptoms (OR: 6.9, 95% CI; 4.54-10.4), history of illicit psychoactive substance use (OR 2.8, 95% CI; 1.6-4.8), and perception of poor academic performance over the past year (OR: 2.2, 95% CI; 1.4-3.6). The logistic regression model correctly classified 85% of the subjects with a history of suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation is a frequently occurring phenomenon in medical students. Medical schools need to establish screening procedures for early detection and intervention of students with emotional distress and suicide risk.
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