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Xie Y, Shi J, Liu S, Chen X, Wang Y, Li X, Yan Y. Association of elastic power in mechanical ventilation with the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:5. [PMID: 38173033 PMCID: PMC10763103 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical power (MP) is the total energy released into the entire respiratory system per minute which mainly comprises three components: elastic static power, Elastic dynamic power and resistive power. However, the energy to overcome resistance to the gas flow is not the key factor in causing lung injury, but the elastic power (EP) which generates the baseline stretch of the lung fibers and overcomes respiratory system elastance may be closely related to the ARDS severity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether EP is superior to other ventilator variables for predicting the severity of lung injury in ARDS patients. METHODS We retrieved patient data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. The retrieved data involved adults (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with ARDS and subjected to invasive mechanical ventilation for ≥ 48 h. We employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to investigate the correlation between EP and development of moderate-severe ARDS. Furthermore, we utilized restricted cubic spline models to assess whether there is a linear association between EP and incidence of moderate-severe ARDS. In addition, we employed a stratified linear regression model and likelihood ratio test in subgroups to identify potential modifications and interactions. RESULTS Moderate-severe ARDS occurred in 73.4% (296/403) of the patients analyzed. EP and MP were significantly associated with moderate-severe ARDS (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-1.28, p < 0.001; and OR 1.15, 95%CI 1.11-1.20, p < 0.001; respectively), but EP showed a higher area-under-curve (95%CI 0.72-0.82, p < 0.001) than plateau pressure, driving pressure, and static lung compliance in predicting ARDS severity. The optimal cutoff value for EP was 14.6 J/min with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 66%. Quartile analysis revealed that the relationship between EP and ARDS severity remained robust and reliable in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSION EP is a good ventilator variable associated with ARDS severity and can be used for grading ARDS severity. Close monitoring of EP is advised in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Additional experimental trials are needed to investigate whether adjusting ventilator variables according to EP can yield significant improvements in clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Xie
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suxia Liu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yao Yan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second people,s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, 222000, Jiangsu, China.
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Zou S, Mohtar SH, Othman R, Hassan RM, Liang K, Lei D, Xu B. Platelet distribution width as an useful indicator of influenza severity in children. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:9. [PMID: 38166827 PMCID: PMC10759456 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08890-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to investigate the potential of platelet distribution width as an useful parameter to assess the severity of influenza in children. METHODS Baseline characteristics and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to joint detection of inflammatory markers for influenza positive children, and the scatter-dot plots were used to compare the differences between severe and non-severe group. RESULTS Influenza B positive children had more bronchitis and pneumonia (P < 0.05), influenza A infected children had more other serious symptoms (P = 0.007). Neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet parameters performed differently among < 4 years and ≥ 4 years children with influenza. Combined detection of platelet parameters and other indicators could better separate healthy children from influenza infected children than single indicator detection. The levels of platelet distribution width of children with severe influenza (A and B) infection was significantly dropped, compared with non-severe group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Platelet distribution width could be a very useful and economic indicator in distinction and severity assessment for children with influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyin Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Hasmah Mohtar
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia.
| | - Roshani Othman
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia
| | - Rodiah Mohd Hassan
- Department of Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya Campus, Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 45600, Malaysia
| | - Kun Liang
- Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Da Lei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Bangming Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
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Su K, Yuan X, Huang Y, Yuan Q, Yang M, Sun J, Li S, Long X, Liu L, Li T, Yuan Z. Improved Prediction of Knee Osteoarthritis by the Machine Learning Model XGBoost. Indian J Orthop 2023; 57:1667-1677. [PMID: 37766962 PMCID: PMC10519887 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-00936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The accurate prediction of osteoarthritis (OA) severity in patients can be helpful to make the proper decision of intervention. This study aims to build up a powerful model to assess predictive risk factors and severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in the clinical scenario. Methods A total of 4796 KOA cases and 1205 features were selected by feature selections from the public OA database, Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). Six machine learning-based models were constructed and compared for the accuracy of OA prediction. The gradient-boosting decision tree was used to identify important prediction features in the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model. The performance of models was evaluated by F1-score. Results Twenty features were determined as predictors for KOA risk and severity, including the subject characteristics, knee symptoms/risk factors and physical exam. The XGBoost model demonstrated 100% prediction accuracy for 54.7% of examined samples, and the remaining 45.3% of samples showed Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) gradings very close to the actual levels. It showed the highest prediction accuracy with an F1-score of 0.553 among the tested six models. Conclusions We demonstrate that the XGBoost is the best model for the prediction of KOA severity in the six examined models. In addition, 20 risk features were determined as the essential predictors of KOA, including the physical exam, knee symptoms/risk factors and subject characteristics, which may be useful for the identification of high-risk KOA cases and for making appropriate treatment decisions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Su
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Yuan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yukai Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Yuan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghui Yang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianwu Sun
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Long
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lang Liu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianwang Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengqiang Yuan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, 100 Outside Ring West Road, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China
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Li Y, Yin B, Song Y, Chen K, Chen X, Zhang Y, Yu N, Peng C, Zhang X, Song G, Liu S. A novel ROS-Related chemiluminescent semiconducting polymer nanoplatform for acute pancreatitis early diagnosis and severity assessment. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:173. [PMID: 37254105 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the occurrence and development of AP. With increasing ROS levels, the degree of oxidative stress and the severity of AP increase. However, diagnosing AP still has many drawbacks, including difficulties with early diagnosis and undesirable sensitivity and accuracy. Herein, we synthesized a semiconducting polymer nanoplatform (SPN) that can emit ROS-correlated chemiluminescence (CL) signals. The CL intensity increased in solution after optimization of the SPN. The biosafety of the SPN was verified in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism and sensitivity of the SPN for AP early diagnosis and severity assessment were evaluated in three groups of mice using CL intensity, serum marker evaluations and hematoxylin and eosin staining assessments. The synthetic SPN can be sensitively combined with different concentrations of ROS to produce different degrees of high-intensity CL in vitro and in vivo. Notably, the SPN shows an excellent correlation between CL intensity and AP severity. This nanoplatform represents a superior method to assess the severity of AP accurately and sensitively according to ROS related chemiluminescence signals. This research overcomes the shortcomings of AP diagnosis in clinical practice and provides a novel method for the clinical diagnosis of pancreatitis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
- Central Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Baoli Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Central Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410015, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410015, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Nanhui Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuang Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - XiaoBing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Sulai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, 61 Jiefang Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
- Central Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410015, China.
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Liu Y, Chen B, Zhang Z, Yu H, Ru S, Chen X, Lu G. Self-paced Multi-view Learning for CT-based severity assessment of COVID-19. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023; 83:104672. [PMID: 36777556 PMCID: PMC9905104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies for the task of severity assessment of COVID-19 (SA-COVID) usually suffer from domain-specific cognitive deficits. They mainly focus on visual cues based on single cognitive functions but fail to reconcile the valuable information from other alternative views. Inspired by the cognitive process of radiologists, this paper shifts naturally from single-symptom measurements to a multi-view analysis, and proposes a novel Self-paced Multi-view Learning (SPML) framework for automated SA-COVID. Specifically, the proposed SPML framework first comprehensively aggregates multi-view contexts in lung infection with different measure paradigms, i.e., Global Feature Branch, Texture Feature Branch, and Volume Feature Branch. In this way, multiple-perspective clues are taken into account to reflect the most essential pathological manifestation on CT images. To alleviate small-sample learning problems, we also introduce an optimization with self-paced learning strategy to cognitively increase the characterization capabilities of training samples by learning from simple to complex. In contrast to traditional batch-wise learning, a pure self-paced way can further guarantee the efficiency and accuracy of SPML when dealing with small and biased samples. Furthermore, we construct a well-established SA-COVID dataset that contains 300 CT images with fine annotations. Extensive experiments on this dataset demonstrate that SPML consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines. The SA-COVID dataset is publicly released at https://github.com/YishuLiu/SA-COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongbing Yu
- Nanshan District Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shouhang Ru
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaosheng Chen
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Ernst L, Kümmecke AM, Zieglowski L, Liu W, Schulz M, Czigany Z, Tolba RH. Implementation of the Surgical Apgar Score in Laboratory Animal Science: A Showcase Pilot Study in a Porcine Model and a Review of the Literature. Eur Surg Res 2023; 64:54-64. [PMID: 34903685 PMCID: PMC9808704 DOI: 10.1159/000520423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an attempt to further improve surgical outcomes, a variety of outcome prediction and risk-assessment tools have been developed for the clinical setting. Risk scores such as the surgical Apgar score (SAS) hold promise to facilitate the objective assessment of perioperative risk related to comorbidities of the patients or the individual characteristics of the surgical procedure itself. Despite the large number of scoring models in clinical surgery, only very few of these models have ever been utilized in the setting of laboratory animal science. The SAS has been validated in various clinical surgical procedures and shown to be strongly associated with postoperative morbidity. In the present study, we aimed to review the clinical evidence supporting the use of the SAS system and performed a showcase pilot trial in a large animal model as the first implementation of a porcine-adapted SAS (pSAS) in an in vivo laboratory animal science setting. METHODS A literature review was performed in the PubMed and Embase databases. Study characteristics and results using the SAS were reported. For the in vivo study, 21 female German landrace pigs have been used either to study bleeding analogy (n = 9) or to apply pSAS after abdominal surgery in a kidney transplant model (n = 12). The SAS was calculated using 3 criteria: (1) estimated blood loss during surgery; (2) lowest mean arterial blood pressure; and (3) lowest heart rate. RESULTS The SAS has been verified to be an effective tool in numerous clinical studies of abdominal surgery, regardless of specialization confirming independence on the type of surgical field or the choice of surgery. Thresholds for blood loss assessment were species specifically adjusted to >700 mL = score 0; 700-400 mL = score 1; 400-55 mL score 2; and <55 mL = score 3 resulting in a species-specific pSAS for a more precise classification. CONCLUSION Our literature review demonstrates the feasibility and excellent performance of the SAS in various clinical settings. Within this pilot study, we could demonstrate the usefulness of the modified SAS (pSAS) in a porcine kidney transplantation model. The SAS has a potential to facilitate early veterinary intervention and drive the perioperative care in large animal models exemplified in a case study using pigs. Further larger studies are warranted to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ernst
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- *Lisa Ernst,
| | - Anna Maria Kümmecke
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonie Zieglowski
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wenjia Liu
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Schulz
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zoltan Czigany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - René H. Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- **René H. Tolba,
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Wang J, Luo Y, Wang Z, Hounye AH, Cao C, Hou M, Zhang J. A cell phone app for facial acne severity assessment. APPL INTELL 2023; 53:7614-7633. [PMID: 35919632 PMCID: PMC9336136 DOI: 10.1007/s10489-022-03774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris, the most common skin disease, can cause substantial economic and psychological impacts to the people it affects, and its accurate grading plays a crucial role in the treatment of patients. In this paper, we firstly proposed an acne grading criterion that considers lesion classifications and a metric for producing accurate severity ratings. Due to similar appearance of acne lesions with comparable severities and difficult-to-count lesions, severity assessment is a challenging task. We cropped facial skin images of several lesion patches and then addressed the acne lesion with a lightweight acne regular network (Acne-RegNet). Acne-RegNet was built by using a median filter and histogram equalization to improve image quality, a channel attention mechanism to boost the representational power of network, a region-based focal loss to handle classification imbalances and a model pruning and feature-based knowledge distillation to reduce model size. After the application of Acne-RegNet, the severity score is calculated, and the acne grading is further optimized by the metadata of the patients. The entire acne assessment procedure was deployed to a mobile device, and a phone app was designed. Compared with state-of-the-art lightweight models, the proposed Acne-RegNet significantly improves the accuracy of lesion classifications. The acne app demonstrated promising results in severity assessments (accuracy: 94.56%) and showed a dermatologist-level diagnosis on the internal clinical dataset.The proposed acne app could be a useful adjunct to assess acne severity in clinical practice and it enables anyone with a smartphone to immediately assess acne, anywhere and anytime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoju Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of dermatology of Xiangya hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China.,Science and Engineering School, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Alphonse Houssou Hounye
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Cong Cao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Muzhou Hou
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 Hunan China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology of Shenzhen People's Hospital The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan Uninversity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong China.,Candidate Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Skin Diseases, Shenzhen, 518020 Guangdong China
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Girbig RM, Baier J, Palme R, Tolba R, Rix A, Kiessling F. Welfare Assessment on Healthy and Tumor-Bearing Mice after Repeated Ultrasound Imaging. Eur Surg Res 2023; 64:77-88. [PMID: 35398847 PMCID: PMC9945198 DOI: 10.1159/000524431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ultrasound (US) imaging enables tissue visualization in high spatial resolution with short examination times. Thus, it is often applied in preclinical research. Diagnostic US, including contrast-enhanced US (CEUS), is considered to be well-tolerated by laboratory animals although no systematic study has been performed to confirm this claim. Therefore, the aim of this study was to screen for possible effects of US and CEUS examinations on welfare of healthy mice. Additionally, the potential influence of CEUS and molecular CEUS on well-being and therapy response to regorafenib was investigated in breast cancer-bearing mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty healthy Balb/c mice were randomly assigned for examination with US or CEUS (3×/week) for 4 weeks. Untreated healthy mice and mice receiving only isoflurane anesthesia served as controls (n = 10/group). Ninety-four 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were allocated randomly to the following groups: no imaging, isoflurane anesthesia, CEUS, and molecular CEUS. They either received 10 mg/kg regorafenib or vehicle solution daily by oral gavage. Animals were examined three times within 2 weeks. CEUS measurements were performed using phospholipid microbubbles, and phospholipid microbubbles targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 were applied for molecular CEUS. Welfare evaluation was performed by daily observational score sheets, measuring the heart rate, Rotarod performance, and fecal corticosterone metabolites twice a week. On the last day, pathological changes in serum corticosterone concentrations, hemograms, and organ weights were obtained. Moreover, a potential influence of isoflurane anesthesia, CEUS, and molecular CEUS on regorafenib response in tumor-bearing mice was examined. Analysis of variance and Dunnett's post hoc test were performed as statistical analyses. RESULTS Severity parameters were not altered after repeated US and CEUS examinations of healthy mice, but spleen sizes were significantly lower after isoflurane anesthesia. In tumor-bearing mice, no effect on animal welfare after repeated CEUS and molecular CEUS could be observed. However, leukocyte counts and spleen weights of tumor-bearing mice were significantly lower in animals examined with CEUS and molecular CEUS compared to the control groups. This effect was not visible in regorafenib-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS Repeated US and (molecular) CEUS have no detectable impact on animal welfare in healthy and tumor-bearing mice. However, CEUS and molecular CEUS in combination with isoflurane anesthesia might attenuate immunological processes in tumor-bearing animals and may consequently affect responses to antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Michèle Girbig
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Baier
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - René Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Rix
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Aachen, Germany
- *Fabian Kiessling,
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Kümmecke AM, Zieglowski L, Ernst L, Palme R, Tolba RH. Does Sex Matter in Liver Surgery? Comparison of Severity Assessments between Female and Male Rats after Partial Hepatectomy: A Pilot Study. Eur Surg Res 2023; 64:65-76. [PMID: 36191560 DOI: 10.1159/000527334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current animal-based biomedical research, including studies on liver function and disease, is conducted almost exclusively on male animals to mitigate confounding effects of the estrous cycle. However, liver diseases afflict both men and women, so translational research findings should also be applicable to female patients. This pilot study investigated sex differences in objective and subjective severity assessment parameters in rats following 50% partial hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed using Wistar Han rats, in which measurements of body weight, spontaneous motor activity in the open field (OF) (movement distance, movement velocity, rearing frequency), and fecal corticosterone metabolites were conducted at baseline and at multiple times after partial hepatectomy. Subjective postsurgical severity assessments were conducted using modified score sheets. Blood parameters such as leukocyte count and serum aspartate aminotransferase, as well as estrogens and testosterone were measured from samples obtained during partial hepatectomy and at sacrifice. In addition, the amount of resected liver tissue was measured at partial hepatectomy, and the proliferated liver was weighed at sacrifice. RESULTS Fecal corticosterone metabolite concentrations differed significantly between males and females at baseline and following hepatectomy. Also, leukocyte counts and estrogen concentrations were significantly different between sexes before partial hepatectomy. Alternatively, there were no sex differences in severity assessments, body weight changes, and behavior in the OF at any measurement time point. Liver weight was significantly different in males and females at the time point of partial hepatectomy and sacrifice. CONCLUSION The results of this pilot study suggest that males and females respond similarly following partial hepatectomy. Examination of both sexes is very important for translation to humans, where both men and women suffer from liver disease. Furthermore, the use of both sexes in animal-based research would improve the utilization of the animal breeding in terms of the 3 Rs. However, due to some limitations, larger scale investigations including a broader spectrum of pathophysiolological, behavioral, and pharmacokinetic measures are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Kümmecke
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany,
| | - Leonie Zieglowski
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lisa Ernst
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rupert Palme
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - René H Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Ghorbannia A, Ellepola CD, Woods RK, Ibrahim ESH, Maadooliat M, Ramirez HM, LaDisa JF. Clinical, Experimental, and Computational Validation of a New Doppler-Based Index for Coarctation Severity Assessment. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2022; 35:1311-1321. [PMID: 36122791 PMCID: PMC9729418 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term morbidity including hypertension often persists in coarctation patients despite current guidelines. Coarctation severity can be invasively assessed via peak-to-peak catheter pressure gradient (PPCG), which is estimated noninvasively via simplified Bernoulli equation and conventionally reported as peak instantaneous Doppler gradient (PIDG). However, underlying simplifications of the equation limit diagnostic accuracy. We studied the diagnostic performance of a new Doppler-based diastolic index called the continuous flow pressure gradient (CFPG) versus conventional indices in assessing coarctation severity. METHODS In a rabbit model mimicking human aortic coarctation, temporal blood pressure waveforms revealed the diastolic instantaneous pressure gradients and spectral Doppler features impacted by coarctation severity. We therefore hypothesized that CFPG provides superior correlation with coarctation gradients measured invasively. PIDG and CFPG were quantified using color flow echocardiography in humans and rabbits with discrete coarctations. Results were compared with PPCG in rabbits (n = 34) and arm-leg systolic gradients (n = 25) in humans via 1-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, linear regression, and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS A threshold of CFPG ≥ 4.6 mm Hg was identified via the Youden index as representative of PPCG ≥ 20 mm Hg (the current guideline value for coarctation intervention) in rabbits, while a CFPG ≥1.0 mm Hg represented an arm-leg systolic gradient ≥20 mm Hg in humans. Accuracy measures revealed superior correlation of CFPG (R2 > 0.80) and mild receiver operating characteristic improvement (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.94-0.95) compared with PIDG (R2 < 0.63; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.89-0.95). Inter-/intraobserver variability tested by intraclass correlation coefficient revealed measurement reliability with differences ≤8.2% and 10.7%, respectively. Computational simulations of anesthetized versus conscious hemodynamics showed parameters were minimally impacted by isoflurane inherent in the data used to derive CFPG. These results confirm the potential diagnostic accuracy of CFPG in echocardiography-based coarctation severity assessment. We are optimistic that CFPG will be useful for translation of results from preclinical studies that revisit current guidelines to limit morbidity in humans with aortic coarctation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ghorbannia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - Chalani D Ellepola
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ronald K Woods
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - El-Sayed H Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mehdi Maadooliat
- Department of Mathematics and Statistical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Hilda Martinez Ramirez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - John F LaDisa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, and Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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11
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Reiber M, Miljanovic N, Schönhoff K, Palme R, Potschka H. Behavioral phenotyping of young Scn1a haploinsufficient mice. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 136:108903. [PMID: 36240579 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dravet syndrome is a rare, severe, infancy-onset epileptic encephalopathy associated with a high premature mortality. In most patients, Dravet syndrome is caused by a heterozygous loss-of-function mutation in the SCN1A gene encoding the alpha 1 subunit of the sodium channel. Of the variety of SCN1A variants identified in patients with Dravet syndrome, SCN1A missense mutations occur in one-third of cases. The novel Scn1a-A1783V mouse model of Dravet syndrome carries the human Ala1783Val missense variant. Recently, the behavioral phenotype of Scn1a-A1783V haploinsufficient adult mice has been characterized, which may provide a valuable basis for assessment of novel therapeutic approaches. However, there is still limited information on the developmental course of behavioral alterations in the Scn1a-A1783V mouse model, which is of particular relevance for conclusions about face validity and severity classification of the model. Based on reference data from young wildtype mice, we analyzed selected behavioral parameters and fecal corticosterone metabolites in the Scn1a-A1783V mouse model during post-weaning development. Differences in the preference for a sweet saccharin solution between Dravet mice and wildtype mice were observed once mice reached sexual maturity. Nest building behavior was already influenced by the Scn1a genotype during prepubescence. Sexually mature Dravet mice showed a significantly reduced burrowing performance as compared to their wildtype littermates. In the open-field test, pronounced hyperactivity and increased thigmotactic behavior were evident in prepubescent and sexually mature Dravet mice. Analysis of Irwin scores revealed several genotype-dependent changes in handling-associated parameters during the course of adolescence. The information obtained provides insight into the age-dependence of behavioral patterns in the novel Scn1a-A1783V mouse model of Dravet syndrome. In addition, the dataset confirms the suitability of the applied behavioral composite measure scheme for evidence-based assessment of cumulative severity in genetic mouse lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Reiber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Miljanovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Schönhoff
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Palme
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heidrun Potschka
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
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Ernst L, Kümmecke AM, Zieglowski L, Liu W, Schulz M, Czigany Z, Tolba RH. Severity Assessment in Rats Undergoing Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induction by Endovascular Perforation or Corresponding Sham Surgery. Eur Surg Res 2022; 64:120-138. [PMID: 35385845 PMCID: PMC9808704 DOI: 10.1159/000524432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Animal models for preclinical research of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are widely used as much of the pathophysiology remains unknown. However, the burden of these models inflicted on the animals is not well characterized. The European directive requires severity assessment-based allocation to categories. Up to now, the classification into predefined categories is rather subjective and often without underlying scientific knowledge. We therefore aimed at assessing the burden of rats after SAH or the corresponding sham surgery to provide a scientific assessment. METHODS We performed a multimodal approach, using different behavior tests, clinical and neurological scoring, and biochemical markers using the common model for SAH of intracranial endovascular filament perforation in male Wistar rats. Up to 7 days after surgery, animals with SAH were compared to sham surgery and to a group receiving only anesthesia and analgesia. RESULTS Sham surgery (n = 15) and SAH (n = 16) animals showed an increase in the clinical score the first days after surgery, indicating clinical deterioration, while animals receiving only anesthesia without surgery (n = 5) remained unaffected. Body weight loss occurred in all groups but was more pronounced and statistically significant only after surgery. The analysis of burrowing, open field (total distance, erections), balance beam, and neuroscore showed primarily an effect of the surgery itself in sham surgery and SAH animals. Only concerning balance beam and neuroscore, a difference was visible between sham surgery and SAH. The outcome of the analysis of systemic and local inflammatory parameters and of corticosterone in blood and its metabolites in feces was only robust in animals suffering from larger bleedings. Application of principal component analysis resulted in a clear separation of sham surgery and SAH animals from their respective baseline as well as from the anesthesia-only group at days 1 and 3, with the difference between sham surgery and SAH being not significant. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION To our knowledge, we are the first to publish detailed clinical score sheet data combined with advanced behavioral assessment in the endovascular perforation model for SAH in rats. The tests chosen here clearly depict an impairment of the animals within the first days after surgery and are consequently well suited for assessment of the animals' suffering in the model. A definitive classification into one of the severity categories named by the EU directive is yet pending and has to be performed in the future by including the assessment data from different neurological and nonneurological disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ernst
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Kümmecke
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leonie Zieglowski
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wenjia Liu
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Schulz
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zoltan Czigany
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - René H. Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science & Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Bao G, Chen H, Liu T, Gong G, Yin Y, Wang L, Wang X. COVID-MTL: Multitask learning with Shift3D and random-weighted loss for COVID-19 diagnosis and severity assessment. Pattern Recognit 2022; 124:108499. [PMID: 34924632 PMCID: PMC8666107 DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2021.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for automated methods to assist accurate and effective assessment of COVID-19. Radiology and nucleic acid test (NAT) are complementary COVID-19 diagnosis methods. In this paper, we present an end-to-end multitask learning (MTL) framework (COVID-MTL) that is capable of automated and simultaneous detection (against both radiology and NAT) and severity assessment of COVID-19. COVID-MTL learns different COVID-19 tasks in parallel through our novel random-weighted loss function, which assigns learning weights under Dirichlet distribution to prevent task dominance; our new 3D real-time augmentation algorithm (Shift3D) introduces space variances for 3D CNN components by shifting low-level feature representations of volumetric inputs in three dimensions; thereby, the MTL framework is able to accelerate convergence and improve joint learning performance compared to single-task models. By only using chest CT scans, COVID-MTL was trained on 930 CT scans and tested on separate 399 cases. COVID-MTL achieved AUCs of 0.939 and 0.846, and accuracies of 90.23% and 79.20% for detection of COVID-19 against radiology and NAT, respectively, which outperformed the state-of-the-art models. Meanwhile, COVID-MTL yielded AUC of 0.800 ± 0.020 and 0.813 ± 0.021 (with transfer learning) for classifying control/suspected, mild/regular, and severe/critically-ill cases. To decipher the recognition mechanism, we also identified high-throughput lung features that were significantly related (P < 0.001) to the positivity and severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Bao
- School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, J12/1 Cleveland St, Darlington, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Huai Chen
- Department of Automation, Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tongliang Liu
- School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, J12/1 Cleveland St, Darlington, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Guanzhong Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Automation, Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, J12/1 Cleveland St, Darlington, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia
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Li Z, Zhao S, Chen Y, Luo F, Kang Z, Cai S, Zhao W, Liu J, Zhao D, Li Y. A deep-learning-based framework for severity assessment of COVID-19 with CT images. Expert Syst Appl 2021; 185:115616. [PMID: 34334965 PMCID: PMC8314790 DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2021.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Millions of positive COVID-19 patients are suffering from the pandemic around the world, a critical step in the management and treatment is severity assessment, which is quite challenging with the limited medical resources. Currently, several artificial intelligence systems have been developed for the severity assessment. However, imprecise severity assessment and insufficient data are still obstacles. To address these issues, we proposed a novel deep-learning-based framework for the fine-grained severity assessment using 3D CT scans, by jointly performing lung segmentation and lesion segmentation. The main innovations in the proposed framework include: 1) decomposing 3D CT scan into multi-view slices for reducing the complexity of 3D model, 2) integrating prior knowledge (dual-Siamese channels and clinical metadata) into our model for improving the model performance. We evaluated the proposed method on 1301 CT scans of 449 COVID-19 cases collected by us, our method achieved an accuracy of 86.7% for four-way classification, with the sensitivities of 92%, 78%, 95%, 89% for four stages. Moreover, ablation study demonstrated the effectiveness of the major components in our model. This indicates that our method may contribute a potential solution to severity assessment of COVID-19 patients using CT images and clinical metadata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shixuan Zhao
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Chen
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuya Luo
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqing Kang
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengping Cai
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-changing event with drastic implications for patients due to sensorimotor impairment and autonomous dysfunction. Current clinical evaluations focus on the assessment of injury level and severity using standardized neurological examinations. However, they fail to predict individual trajectories of recovery, which highlights the need for the development of advanced diagnostics. This narrative review identifies recent advances in the search of clinically relevant biomarkers in the field of SCI. RECENT FINDINGS Advanced neuroimaging and molecular biomarkers sensitive to the disease processes initiated by the SCI have been identified. These biomarkers range from advanced neuroimaging techniques, neurophysiological readouts, and molecular biomarkers identifying the concentrations of several proteins in blood and CSF samples. Some of these biomarkers improve current prediction models based on clinical readouts. Validation with larger patient cohorts is warranted. Several biomarkers have been identified-ranging from imaging to molecular markers-that could serve as advanced diagnostic and hence supplement current clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schading
- Spinal Cord Injury Centre, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tim M Emmenegger
- Spinal Cord Injury Centre, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Freund
- Spinal Cord Injury Centre, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zou S, Liu J, Yang Z, Xiao D, Cao D. SAA and CRP are potential indicators in distinction and severity assessment for children with influenza. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 108:357-362. [PMID: 34052408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical values of C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) to distinguish non-severe from severe influenza in children are rarely reported. METHODS Baseline characteristics and laboratory results were collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used for combined detection of indicators for children with influenza, and scatter-dot plots were used to compare the differences between non-severe and severe influenza. RESULTS Children with influenza B had more bronchitis and pneumonia (P < 0.05) and children with influenza A had more other serious symptoms (P = 0.015). Lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP, and SAA performed differently among children with influenza A and B. Joint detection of SAA and other indicators could better separate healthy children from children with influenza than single indicator detection. The CRP and SAA levels of children with severe influenza B infection and SAA levels of children with severe influenza A infection were significantly elevated compared with children with non-severe influenza (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SAA and CRP could be potential indicators in distinction and severity assessment for children with influenza; however, age should be taken into account when using them in children with influenza B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyin Zou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China.
| | - Jinjie Liu
- Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong 523000, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Danxia Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
| | - Donglin Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China.
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He K, Zhao W, Xie X, Ji W, Liu M, Tang Z, Shi Y, Shi F, Gao Y, Liu J, Zhang J, Shen D. Synergistic learning of lung lobe segmentation and hierarchical multi-instance classification for automated severity assessment of COVID-19 in CT images. Pattern Recognit 2021; 113:107828. [PMID: 33495661 PMCID: PMC7816595 DOI: 10.1016/j.patcog.2021.107828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding chest CT imaging of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) will help detect infections early and assess the disease progression. Especially, automated severity assessment of COVID-19 in CT images plays an essential role in identifying cases that are in great need of intensive clinical care. However, it is often challenging to accurately assess the severity of this disease in CT images, due to variable infection regions in the lungs, similar imaging biomarkers, and large inter-case variations. To this end, we propose a synergistic learning framework for automated severity assessment of COVID-19 in 3D CT images, by jointly performing lung lobe segmentation and multi-instance classification. Considering that only a few infection regions in a CT image are related to the severity assessment, we first represent each input image by a bag that contains a set of 2D image patches (with each cropped from a specific slice). A multi-task multi-instance deep network (called M 2 UNet) is then developed to assess the severity of COVID-19 patients and also segment the lung lobe simultaneously. Our M 2 UNet consists of a patch-level encoder, a segmentation sub-network for lung lobe segmentation, and a classification sub-network for severity assessment (with a unique hierarchical multi-instance learning strategy). Here, the context information provided by segmentation can be implicitly employed to improve the performance of severity assessment. Extensive experiments were performed on a real COVID-19 CT image dataset consisting of 666 chest CT images, with results suggesting the effectiveness of our proposed method compared to several state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei He
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,Hunan, China
| | - Xingzhi Xie
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,Hunan, China
| | - Wen Ji
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, China
- State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingxia Liu
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center and the Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, U.S
| | - Zhenyu Tang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghuan Shi
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, China
- State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Gao
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, China
- State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,Hunan, China
- Department of Radiology Quality Control Center, Changsha, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science at Nanjing University, China
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Noll E, Soler L, Ohana M, Ludes PO, Pottecher J, Bennett-Guerrero E, Veillon F, Goichot B, Schneider F, Meyer N, Diemunsch P. A novel, automated, quantification of abnormal lung parenchyma in patients with COVID-19 infection: Initial description of feasibility and association with clinical outcome. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2021; 40:100780. [PMID: 33197638 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ground-glass opacities are the most frequent radiologic features of COVID-19 patients. We aimed to determine the feasibility of automated lung volume measurements, including ground-glass volumes, on the CT of suspected COVID-19 patients. Our goal was to create an automated and quantitative measure of ground-glass opacities from lung CT images that could be used clinically for diagnosis, triage and research. DESIGN Single centre, retrospective, observational study. MEASUREMENTS Demographic data, respiratory support treatment (synthetised in the maximal respiratory severity score) and CT-images were collected. Volume of abnormal lung parenchyma was measured with conventional semi-automatic software and with a novel automated algorithm based on voxels X-Ray attenuation. We looked for the relationship between the automated and semi-automated evaluations. The association between the ground-glass opacities volume and the maximal respiratory severity score was assessed. MAIN RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were included in the main outcome analysis. The mean duration of automated and semi-automated volume measurement process were 15 (2) and 93 (41) min, respectively (p=8.05*10-8). The intraclass correlation coefficient between the semi-automated and automated measurement of ground-glass opacities and restricted normally aerated lung were both superior to 0.99. The association between the automated measured lung volume and the maximal clinical severity score was statistically significant for the restricted normally aerated (p=0.0097, effect-size: -385mL) volumes and for the ratio of ground-glass opacities/restricted normally aerated volumes (p=0.027, effect-size: 3.3). CONCLUSION The feasibility and preliminary validity of automated impaired lung volume measurements in a high-density COVID-19 cluster was confirmed by our results.
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Chauhan J, Goyal P. BPBSAM: Body part-specific burn severity assessment model. Burns 2020; 46:1407-23. [PMID: 32376068 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Burns are a serious health problem leading to several thousand deaths annually, and despite the growth of science and technology, automated burns diagnosis still remains a major challenge. Researchers have been exploring visual images-based automated approaches for burn diagnosis. Noting that the impact of a burn on a particular body part can be related to the skin thickness factor, we propose a deep convolutional neural network based body part-specific burns severity assessment model (BPBSAM). METHOD Considering skin anatomy, BPBSAM estimates burn severity using body part-specific support vector machines trained with CNN features extracted from burnt body part images. Thus BPBSAM first identifies the body part of the burn images using a convolutional neural network in training of which the challenge of limited availability of burnt body part images is successfully addressed by using available larger-size datasets of non-burn images of different body parts considered (face, hand, back, and inner forearm). We prepared a rich labelled burn images datasets: BI & UBI and trained several deep learning models with existing models as pipeline for body part classification and feature extraction for severity estimation. RESULTS The proposed novel BPBSAM method classified the severity of burn from color images of burn injury with an overall average F1 score of 77.8% and accuracy of 84.85% for the test BI dataset and 87.2% and 91.53% for the UBI dataset, respectively. For burn images body part classification, the average accuracy of around 93% is achieved, and for burn severity assessment, the proposed BPBSAM outperformed the generic method in terms of overall average accuracy by 10.61%, 4.55%, and 3.03% with pipelines ResNet50, VGG16, and VGG19, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The main contributions of this work along with burn images labelled datasets creation is that the proposed customized body part-specific burn severity assessment model can significantly improve the performance in spite of having small burn images dataset. This highly innovative customized body part-specific approach could also be used to deal with the burn region segmentation problem. Moreover, fine tuning on pre-trained non-burn body part images network has proven to be robust and reliable.
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Fishbein AB, Silverberg JI, Wilson EJ, Ong PY. Update on Atopic Dermatitis: Diagnosis, Severity Assessment, and Treatment Selection. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020; 8:91-101. [PMID: 31474543 PMCID: PMC7395647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases affecting children and adults. The intense pruritus and rash can be debilitating, significantly impairing quality of life. Until recently, treatment was largely nonspecific and, in severe disease, sometimes ineffective and/or fraught with many side effects. Now, multiple agents targeting specific disease pathways are available or in development. Two new therapies, crisaborole and dupilumab, have become available since 2016, and dupilumab has dramatically improved outcomes for adults with severe AD. This article provides an overview of AD, including strategies for differential diagnosis and assessment of disease severity to guide treatment selection. Key clinical trials for crisaborole and dupilumab are reviewed, and other targeted treatments now in development are summarized. Two cases, representing childhood-onset and adult-onset AD, are discussed to provide clinical context for diagnosis, severity assessment, and treatment selection and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Fishbein
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine Multidisciplinary Eczema Center, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Peck Y Ong
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
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21
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Rix A, Drude N, Mrugalla A, Mottaghy FM, Tolba RH, Kiessling F. Performance of severity parameters to detect chemotherapy-induced pain and distress in mice. Lab Anim 2019; 54:452-460. [PMID: 31660776 DOI: 10.1177/0023677219883327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
According to European Union directive 2010/63/EU a severity classification of experimental procedures performed on laboratory animals is mandatory. This includes a prospective evaluation of all interventions performed within the experiment, as well as an assessment of the actual burden of each animal during the experiment. In this regard, the evaluation and scoring of defined criteria regarding the health state of animals could help to early identify deteriorations in animal health and facilitate the application of humane endpoints. This article discusses the applicability of an adapted score sheet in BALB/cAnNRj mice receiving either cisplatin, doxorubicin or busulfan, three chemotherapeutic agents with different toxicological profiles and longitudinal non-invasive molecular imaging. The health state was investigated by score sheets documenting general state, body weight, spontaneous behaviour and treatment specific parameters (e.g. anaemia, neurotoxicity, persistent diarrhoea). Although blood and serum analyses clearly indicated various organ damage, most scoring parameters except for body weight did not report on the deceasing animal health state. Thus, there is need for more sensitive observational parameters to judge the animal's health state and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rix
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany
| | - Natascha Drude
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany
| | - Anna Mrugalla
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany
| | - Felix M Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), The Netherlands
| | - René H Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen International University, Germany
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22
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Richard MA, Aractingi S, Joly P, Mahé E, Auquier P, Le Guen S, Acquadro C, Boucher F, Chalmers RJG. [French adaptation of a new score for global assessment of psoriasis severity: The Simplified Psoriasis Index (SPI)]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019; 146:783-792. [PMID: 31623858 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although several scores exist to assess psoriasis severity, most have marked limitations that rule out their use in routine clinical practice. A new score, the Simplified Psoriasis Index (SPI), has recently been developed and validated in adults in Britain for such use. It has separate components for current severity (SPI-s), psychosocial impact (SPI-p) and past history and interventions (SPI-p), and it is suitable for either professional assessment or patient self-assessment. The aim of this work was to produce a validated translation of SPI into French (as spoken in France). METHODS The index was translated and validated using a strict methodology comprising respectively five and eight phases for the professional (proSPI) and self-administered instruments (saSPI). Translation of the saSPI instrument also involved a cognitive debriefing with five psoriasis patients. RESULTS Linguistic discrepancies and subtle differences of meaning arising during the process were closely examined. The developer of the instrument ensured conceptual accuracy. A panel of health experts guaranteed that medical terms were correctly translated. Five patients with plaque psoriasis (two female and three male of median age 45 years [range: 31-78]) tested the SPI-p version during cognitive interviews and found the questionnaire clear and easy to understand. CONCLUSION Validated French translations of both SPI instruments are now available for use in routine clinical practice. Further investigations are currently underway to validate the psychometric properties of the instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Richard
- EA 3279, département de dermatologie, centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix-Marseille université, hôpital de La Timone, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France.
| | - S Aractingi
- Dermatologie, hôpital Cochin-Tarnier, 89, rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris, France
| | - P Joly
- Service de dermatologie, CHU de Charles Nicolle, université de Normandie, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - E Mahé
- Dermatologie, hôpital Victor Dupouy, 69, rue du Lieutenant-Colonel Prud'hon, 95100 Argenteuil, France
| | - P Auquier
- EA 3279, centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - S Le Guen
- R&D, Novartis pharma SAS, 92506 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - C Acquadro
- Languages services, Mapi, an ICON plc Company, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - F Boucher
- Languages services, Mapi, an ICON plc Company, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - R J G Chalmers
- Centre for Dermatology, University of Manchester, Manchester, Royaume-Uni
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Kumstel S, Vasudevan P, Palme R, Zhang X, Wendt EHU, David R, Vollmar B, Zechner D. Benefits of non-invasive methods compared to telemetry for distress analysis in a murine model of pancreatic cancer. J Adv Res 2019; 21:35-47. [PMID: 31641536 PMCID: PMC6796693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective severity assessment is legally required in many countries to ensure high-quality research along with high welfare standards for laboratory animals. Mice and rats, the most common laboratory species, are prey animals that usually suppress signs of pain and suffering. Therefore, highly sensitive readout parameters are necessary to adequately quantify distress. The present study compared the performance of different non-invasive methods in determining animal distress, such as measuring body weight, distress score, faecal corticosterone metabolites, burrowing, and nesting behaviour, with continuous monitoring of heart rate, body temperature and activity by telemetry. The distress caused by two surgical interventions was compared and the burden caused by tumour growth was described. Transmitter implantation caused higher distress than laparotomy plus carcinoma cell injection into the pancreas. Surprisingly, no significant increase in distress was observed during tumour growth. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that some non-invasive distress-parameters, i.e., distress-score and burrowing activity, exhibited slightly better performance to quantify distress than the most suitable parameters measured by telemetry. Due to the high burden caused by the implantation of the telemetric device, the use of non-invasive methods to assess distress in laboratory animals after surgical interventions should be favoured in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kumstel
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Praveen Vasudevan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany.,Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Rupert Palme
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xianbin Zhang
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Edgar Heinz Uwe Wendt
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert David
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany.,Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dietmar Zechner
- Rudolf-Zenker-Institute of Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Demarest S, Pestana-Knight EM, Olson HE, Downs J, Marsh ED, Kaufmann WE, Partridge CA, Leonard H, Gwadry-Sridhar F, Frame KE, Cross JH, Chin RFM, Parikh S, Panzer A, Weisenberg J, Utley K, Jaksha A, Amin S, Khwaja O, Devinsky O, Neul JL, Percy AK, Benke TA. Severity Assessment in CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder. Pediatr Neurol 2019; 97:38-42. [PMID: 31147226 PMCID: PMC6659999 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathologic mutations in cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 cause CDKL5 deficiency disorder, a genetic syndrome associated with severe epilepsy and cognitive, motor, visual, and autonomic disturbances. This disorder is a relatively common genetic cause of early-life epilepsy. A specific severity assessment is lacking, required to monitor the clinical course and needed to define the natural history and for clinical trial readiness. METHODS A severity assessment was developed based on clinical and research experience from the International Foundation for CDKL5 Research Centers of Excellence consortium and the National Institutes of Health Rett and Rett-Related Disorders Natural History Study consortium. An initial draft severity assessment was presented and reviewed at the annual CDKL5 Forum meeting (Boston, 2017). Subsequently it was iterated through four cycles of a modified Delphi process by a group of clinicians, researchers, industry, patient advisory groups, and parents familiar with this disorder until consensus was achieved. The revised version of the severity assessment was presented for review, comment, and piloting to families at the International Foundation for CDKL5 Research-sponsored family meeting (Colorado, 2018). Final revisions were based on this additional input. RESULTS The final severity assessment comprised 51 items that comprehensively describe domains of epilepsy; motor; cognition, behavior, vision, and speech; and autonomic functions. Parental ratings of therapy effectiveness and child and family functioning are also included. CONCLUSIONS A severity assessment was rapidly developed with input from multiple stakeholders. Refinement through ongoing validation is required for future clinical trials. The consensus methods employed for the development of severity assessment may be applicable to similar rare disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Demarest
- Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora, Colorado; Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elia M Pestana-Knight
- Cleveland Clinic, Neurological Institute Cleveland, Ohio; Epilepsy Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Heather E Olson
- Department of Neurology, Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Boston Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jenny Downs
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eric D Marsh
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Walter E Kaufmann
- M.I.N.D. Institute, Department of Neurology, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Helen Leonard
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Femida Gwadry-Sridhar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Western Ontario and Pulse Infoframe, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - J Helen Cross
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & NIHR GOSH BRC, London, UK
| | - Richard F M Chin
- University of Edinburgh and Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Judith Weisenberg
- Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Epilepsy Section, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Karen Utley
- International Foundation for CDKL5 Research, Wadwsorth, Ohio
| | - Amanda Jaksha
- International Foundation for CDKL5 Research, Wadwsorth, Ohio
| | | | - Omar Khwaja
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development NORD, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Jeffery L Neul
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Tennessee
| | - Alan K Percy
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Pediatrics, Neurology, Neurobiology, Genetics, and Psychology, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Tim A Benke
- Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora, Colorado; Department of Pediatrics, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Pharmacology, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Neurology, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Otolaryngology, Aurora, Colorado.
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25
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Servi M, Buonamici F, Furferi R, Governi L, Uccheddu F, Volpe Y, Leng S, Facchini F, Ghionzoli M, Messineo A. Pectus Carinatum: a non-invasive and objective measurement of severity. Med Biol Eng Comput 2019; 57:1727-35. [PMID: 31154586 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-01993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To date, standard methods for assessing the severity of chest wall deformities are mostly linked to X-ray and CT scans. However, the use of radiations limits their use when there is a need to monitor the development of the pathology over time. This is particularly important when dealing with patients suffering from Pectus Carinatum, whose treatment mainly requires the use of corrective braces and a systematic supervision. In recent years, the assessment of severity of chest deformities by means of radiation-free devices became increasingly popular but not yet adopted as standard clinical practice. The present study aims to define an objective measure by defining a severity index (named External Pectus Carinatum Index) used to monitor the course of the disease during treatment. Computed on the optical acquisition of the patients' chest by means of an appositely devised, fast and easy-to-use, body scanner, the proposed index has been validated on a sample composed of a control group and a group of Pectus Carinatum patients. The index proved to be reliable and accurate in the characterization of the pathology, enabling the definition of a threshold that allows to distinguish the cases of patients with PC from those of healthy subjects. Graphical abstract.
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Eller E, Muraro A, Dahl R, Mortz CG, Bindslev-Jensen C. Assessing severity of anaphylaxis: a data-driven comparison of 23 instruments. Clin Transl Allergy 2018; 8:29. [PMID: 30079223 PMCID: PMC6069559 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-018-0215-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud The severity of an allergic reaction can range from mild local symptoms to anaphylactic shock. To score this, a number of instruments have been developed, although heterogeneous in design and purpose. Severity scoring algorithms are therefore difficult to compare, but are frequently used beyond their initial purpose. Our objective was to compare the most used severity scoring instruments by a data-driven approach on both milder reactions and anaphylaxis. Methods All positive challenges to foods or drugs (n = 2828) including anaphylaxis (n = 616) at Odense University Hospital, Denmark from 1998 to 2016 were included and severity was scored according to Sampson5. Based on recommendations from an expert group, the symptoms and values from Sampson5 were for all reactions and anaphylaxis only translated and compared by kappa statistics with 22 instruments, ranging from 3 to 6 steps. Results For milder reactions, there was a significant correlation between the number of steps in an instrument and the number of challenges that could be translated, whereas all instruments were good to identify food anaphylaxis. Some instruments scored reactions more severely than Sampson5, other scored them milder and some scored food and drug challenges differently. Instruments for hymenoptera reactions were difficult to apply on food and drug reactions, and thus distributed severity differently. Algorithms hampered the translation between instruments, and 7 instruments were poor concerning drug anaphylaxis, including the only instrument developed specifically for drug reactions. Conclusion The distributions of severity differed between the 23 instruments in both food and drug allergy, and thus rendering translation especially between scoring systems with 3 and 5 grades difficult. Fine-graded and simple instruments are preferred for comparison especially among milder reactions, and instruments applied to non-intended situations may not reflect a true severity picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Eller
- 1Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Antonella Muraro
- 2Food Allergy Referral Centre - Veneto Region, Department of Women and Child Health, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Ronald Dahl
- 1Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,3GSK, Brentford, Middlesex, UK
| | - Charlotte Gotthard Mortz
- 1Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
- 1Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Stalenhoef JE, van der Starre WE, Vollaard AM, Steyerberg EW, Delfos NM, Leyten EMS, Koster T, Ablij HC, Van't Wout JW, van Dissel JT, van Nieuwkoop C. Hospitalization for community-acquired febrile urinary tract infection: validation and impact assessment of a clinical prediction rule. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:400. [PMID: 28587665 PMCID: PMC5461732 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a lack of severity assessment tools to identify adults presenting with febrile urinary tract infection (FUTI) at risk for complicated outcome and guide admission policy. We aimed to validate the Prediction Rule for Admission policy in Complicated urinary Tract InfeCtion LEiden (PRACTICE), a modified form of the pneumonia severity index, and to subsequentially assess its use in clinical practice. Methods A prospective observational multicenter study for model validation (2004–2009), followed by a multicenter controlled clinical trial with stepped wedge cluster-randomization for impact assessment (2010–2014), with a follow up of 3 months. Paricipants were 1157 consecutive patients with a presumptive diagnosis of acute febrile UTI (787 in validation cohort and 370 in the randomized trial), enrolled at emergency departments of 7 hospitals and 35 primary care centers in the Netherlands. The clinical prediction rule contained 12 predictors of complicated course. In the randomized trial the PRACTICE included guidance on hospitalization for high risk (>100 points) and home discharge for low risk patients (<75 points), in the control period the standard policy regarding hospital admission was applied. Main outcomes were effectiveness of the clinical prediction rule, as measured by primary hospital admission rate, and its safety, as measured by the rate of low-risk patients who needed to be hospitalized for FUTI after initial home-based treatment, and 30-day mortality. Results A total of 370 patients were included in the randomized trial, 237 in the control period and 133 in the intervention period. Use of PRACTICE significantly reduced the primary hospitalization rate (from 219/237, 92%, in the control group to 96/133, 72%, in the intervention group, p < 0.01). The secondary hospital admission rate after initial outpatient treatment was 6% in control patients and 27% in intervention patients (1/17 and 10/37; p < 0.001). Conclusions Although the proposed PRACTICE prediction rule is associated with a lower number of hospital admissions of patients presenting to the ED with presumptive febrile urinary tract infection, futher improvement is necessary to reduce the occurrence of secondary hospital admissions. Trial registration NTR4480 http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=4480, registered retrospectively 25 mrt 2014 (during enrollment of subjects). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2509-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke E Stalenhoef
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, C5-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Willize E van der Starre
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, C5-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert M Vollaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, C5-P, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ewout W Steyerberg
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie M Delfos
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ted Koster
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Ablij
- Dept of Internal Medicine, Alrijne Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan W Van't Wout
- Dept of Internal Medicine, MCH-Bronovo, The Hague, The Netherlands
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McFarland SE, Bronstein AC, Banerji S, LeBlond J, Mischke RH, Begemann K, Desel H, Greiner M. Comparison of the Poisoning Severity Score and National Poison Data System schemes for the severity assessment of animal poisonings: a pilot study. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2017; 55:629-635. [PMID: 28349722 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1304554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT To date, there are no publicly available schemes designed and evaluated specifically for severity assessment of animal poisonings. This poses challenges for the evaluation and comparison of animal poisoning exposure data. OBJECTIVE Our objective for this pilot study was to evaluate agreement between raters using the Poisoning Severity Score (PSS) and National Poison Data System (NPDS) medical outcome scheme for severity assessment of canine exposures reported to a multistate poison center (PC) and to identify issues regarding their use for severity assessment of animal poisonings. Agreement between both schemes was also assessed. METHODS The first 196 canine exposures reported to a multistate PC between 1 January and 31 August 2016 were selected and initial inquiry data from exposures was scored by four independent raters. Interrater agreement and agreement between the severity systems was calculated using weighted kappa (Κ) (Light's kappa). Reported clinical effects were also described. RESULTS Interrater agreement for both the PSS (Κ 0.31; 95% CI 0.19, 0.43) and NPDS schemes (Κ 0.34; 95% CI 0.22, 0.44) was low. Agreement between the schemes was slight (Κ 0.05; 95% CI -0.08, 0.16) for pooled results from all four raters. For the PSS, 71.7% (n = 281) of ratings were minor, 23.0% (n = 90) moderate, and 5.4% (n = 21) severe. For the NPDS, 69.6% (n = 273) of ratings were minor, 27.0% (n = 106) moderate, and 3.3% (n = 13) severe. The top three reported clinical effects included vomiting (n = 86, 29.9%) drowsiness/lethargy (n = 38, 13.2%), and diarrhea (n = 24, 8.3%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study shows considerable variability between raters using either the PSS or NPDS schemes for canine exposures severity assessment. The subjective nature of the schemes, the influence of intra- and interrater variation, and predominance of minor cases on the study findings should be taken into account when interpreting this data. Further evaluation of these schemes is warranted and could help inform their future use for animal poisoning severity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E McFarland
- a Department of Exposure , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Alvin C Bronstein
- b Hawaii State Department of Health , Emergency Medical Services & Injury Prevention System Branch , Hawaii , USA
| | | | - Jane LeBlond
- d Creighton University School of Pharmacy , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Reinhard H Mischke
- e Small Animal Clinic , University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation , Hannover , Germany
| | - Kathrin Begemann
- a Department of Exposure , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Herbert Desel
- a Department of Exposure , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany
| | - Matthias Greiner
- a Department of Exposure , Federal Institute for Risk Assessment , Berlin , Germany.,f Virtual Center for Animal Health and Food Quality , University of Veterinary Medicine, Foundation , Hannover , Germany
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Kim J, Kim H, Oh HJ, Kim HS, Hwang YJ, Yong D, Jeong SH, Lee K. Fecal Calprotectin Level Reflects the Severity of Clostridium difficile Infection. Ann Lab Med 2017; 37:53-57. [PMID: 27834066 PMCID: PMC5107618 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2017.37.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is a significant nosocomial and community-acquired pathogen, and is the leading cause of antibiotic-induced diarrhea associated with high morbidity and mortality. Given that the treatment outcome depends on the severity of C. difficile infection (CDI), we aimed to establish an efficient method of assessing severity, and focused on the stool biomarker fecal calprotectin (FC). FC directly reflects the intestinal inflammation status of a patient, and can aid in interpreting the current guidelines, which requires the integration of indirect laboratory parameters. The distinction of 80 patients with CDI versus 71 healthy controls and 30 severe infection cases versus 50 mild cases was possible using FC as a marker. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.821 and 0.746 with a sensitivity of 75% and 70% and specificity of 79% and 80%, for severe versus mild cases, respectively. We suggest FC as a predictive marker for assessing CDI severity, which is expected to improve the clinical management of CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Sun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Jee Hwang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seok Hoon Jeong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Nascimento-Carvalho AC, Ruuskanen O, Nascimento-Carvalho CM. Comparison of the frequency of bacterial and viral infections among children with community-acquired pneumonia hospitalized across distinct severity categories: a prospective cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:105. [PMID: 27449898 PMCID: PMC4957893 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The comparison of the frequencies of bacterial and viral infections among children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) admitted in distinct severity categories, in an original study, is lacking in literature to-date. We aimed to achieve this goal. Methods Children aged 2-59-months-old hospitalized with CAP were included in this prospective study in Salvador, Brazil. Clinical data and biological samples were collected to investigate 11 viruses and 8 bacteria. Severity was assessed by using the World Health Organization criteria. Results One hundred eighty-one patients were classified as “non-severe” (n = 53; 29.3 %), “severe” (n = 111; 61.3 %), or “very severe” (n = 17; 9.4 %) CAP. Overall, aetiology was detected among 156 (86.2 %) cases; viral (n = 84; 46.4 %), bacterial (n = 26; 14.4 %) and viral-bacterial (n = 46; 25.4 %) infections were identified. Viral infection frequency was similar in severe/very severe and non-severe cases (46.1 % vs. 47.2 %; p = 0.9). Pneumococcal infection increased across “non-severe” (13.2 %), “severe” (23.4 %), and “very severe” (35.3 %) cases (qui-squared test for trend p = 0.04). Among patients with detected aetiology, after excluding cases with co-infection, the frequency of sole bacterial infection was different (p = 0.04) among the categories; non-severe (12.5 %), severe (29.3 %) or very severe (55.6 %). Among these patients, sole bacterial infection was independently associated with severity (OR = 4.4 [95 % CI:1.1–17.6]; p = 0.04) in a model controlled for age (OR = 0.7 [95 % CI:0.5–1.1]; p = 0.1). Conclusions A substantial proportion of cases in distinct severity subgroups had respiratory viral infections, which did not differ between severity categories. Bacterial infection, particularly pneumococcal infection, was more likely among severe/very severe cases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-016-0645-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olli Ruuskanen
- Department of Paediatrics, Turku University and University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Nishino T, Hamano T, Mitsunaga Y, Shirato I, Shirato M, Tagata T, Shimada M, Yoshida S, Mitsunaga A. Clinical evaluation of the Tokyo Guidelines 2013 for severity assessment of acute cholangitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2015; 21:841-9. [PMID: 25410528 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the severity assessment criteria for acute cholangitis (AC) of the Tokyo Guidelines 2013 (TG13) and developed a scoring system for predicting the need for urgent/early biliary drainage. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 66 AC cases prospectively managed based on the TG07 and divided into an urgent/early biliary drainage group (n = 30) and elective biliary drainage group (n = 36). RESULTS There were 26 mild, 27 moderate, and 13 severe cases based on the TG13. The TG13 assessment in 12 of the 17 cases requiring early biliary drainage based on the TG07 was moderate, but underestimated the other five cases as mild AC. When five predictors (blood urea nitrogen >20 mg/dL, SIRS presence, platelet count <120 000/μL, serum albumin level <3.0 g/dL, age ≥75 years old) were used to devise a scoring system, the receiver-operator characteristic curve of the scores showed good test performance for predicting the need for urgent/early biliary drainage. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.95 and higher than the TG13 AUC (0.80). CONCLUSIONS The TG13 is practical, but some AC cases requiring urgent/early biliary drainage were underestimated as mild AC. The scoring system allows identification of high-risk AC patients and will improve the TG13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Nishino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Yachiyo Medical Center, 477-96 Owada-Shinden, Yachiyo, Chiba, 276-8542, Japan.
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Yokoe M, Takada T, Mayumi T, Yoshida M, Isaji S, Wada K, Itoi T, Sata N, Gabata T, Igarashi H, Kataoka K, Hirota M, Kadoya M, Kitamura N, Kimura Y, Kiriyama S, Shirai K, Hattori T, Takeda K, Takeyama Y, Hirota M, Sekimoto M, Shikata S, Arata S, Hirata K. Japanese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis: Japanese Guidelines 2015. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2015; 22:405-32. [PMID: 25973947 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese (JPN) guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis were published in 2006. The severity assessment criteria for acute pancreatitis were later revised by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) in 2008, leading to their publication as the JPN Guidelines 2010. Following the 2012 revision of the Atlanta Classifications of Acute Pancreatitis, in which the classifications of regional complications of pancreatitis were revised, the development of a minimally invasive method for local complications of pancreatitis spread, and emerging evidence was gathered and revised into the JPN Guidelines. METHODS A comprehensive evaluation was carried out on the evidence for epidemiology, diagnosis, severity, treatment, post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis and clinical indicators, based on the concepts of the GRADE system (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). With the graded recommendations, where the evidence was unclear, Meta-Analysis team for JPN Guidelines 2015 conducted an additional new meta-analysis, the results of which were included in the guidelines. RESULTS Thirty-nine questions were prepared in 17 subject areas, for which 43 recommendations were made. The 17 subject areas were: Diagnosis, Diagnostic imaging, Etiology, Severity assessment, Transfer indication, Fluid therapy, Nasogastric tube, Pain control, Antibiotics prophylaxis, Protease inhibitor, Nutritional support, Intensive care, management of Biliary Pancreatitis, management of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome, Interventions for the local complications, Post-ERCP pancreatitis and Clinical Indicator (Pancreatitis Bundles 2015). Meta-analysis was conducted in the following four subject areas based on randomized controlled trials: (1) prophylactic antibiotics use; (2) prophylactic pancreatic stent placement for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis; (3) prophylactic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis; and (4) peritoneal lavage. Using the results of the meta-analysis, recommendations were graded to create useful information. In addition, a mobile application was developed, which made it possible to diagnose, assess severity and check pancreatitis bundles. CONCLUSIONS The JPN Guidelines 2015 were prepared using the most up-to-date methods, and including the latest recommended medical treatments, and we are confident that this will make them easy for many clinicians to use, and will provide a useful tool in the decision-making process for the treatment of patients, and optimal medical support. The free mobile application and calculator for the JPN Guidelines 2015 is available via http://www.jshbps.jp/en/guideline/jpn-guideline2015.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamichi Yokoe
- General Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Takada
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Mayumi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, KitaKyushu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Hemodialysis and Surgery, Chemotherapy Research Institute, International University of Health and Welfare, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Shuji Isaji
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic & Transplant Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Keita Wada
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Itoi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Gabata
- Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University, School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hisato Igarashi
- Clinical Education Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisho Kataoka
- Otsu Municipal Hospital, Shiga.,Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hirota
- Department of Surgery, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masumi Kadoya
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Nobuya Kitamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kimitsu Chuo Hospital, Kisarazu, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Seiki Kiriyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Shirai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hattori
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Health and Medical Treatment Corporation, Ohkubo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Takeda
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Takeyama
- Department of Surgery, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Morihisa Hirota
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miho Sekimoto
- The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Public Policy, Health Policy Unit, Tokyo
| | - Satoru Shikata
- Department of Family Medicine, Mie Prefectural Ichishi Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Shinju Arata
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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Chalmers E, Le J, Sukhdeep D, Watt J, Andersen J, Lou E. Inertial sensing algorithms for long-term foot angle monitoring for assessment of idiopathic toe-walking. Gait Posture 2013; 39:485-9. [PMID: 24050952 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
When children walk on their toes for no known reason, the condition is called Idiopathic Toe Walking (ITW). Assessing the true severity of ITW can be difficult because children can alter their gait while under observation in clinic. The ability to monitor the foot angle during daily life outside of clinic may improve the assessment of ITW. A foot-worn, battery-powered inertial sensing device has been designed to monitor patients' foot angle during daily activities. The monitor includes a 3-axis accelerometer, 2-axis gyroscope, and a low-power microcontroller. The device is necessarily small, with limited battery capacity and processing power. Therefore a high-accuracy but low-complexity inertial sensing algorithm is needed. This paper compares several low-complexity algorithms' aptitude for foot-angle measurement: accelerometer-only measurement, finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR) complementary filtering, and a new dynamic predict-correct style algorithm developed using fuzzy c-means clustering. A total of 11 subjects each walked 20 m with the inertial sensing device fixed to one foot; 10 m with normal gait and 10 m simulating toe walking. A cross-validation scheme was used to obtain a low-bias estimate of each algorithm's angle measurement accuracy. The new predict-correct algorithm achieved the lowest angle measurement error: <5° mean error during normal and toe walking. The IIR complementary filtering algorithm achieved almost-as good accuracy with less computational complexity. These two algorithms seem to have good aptitude for the foot-angle measurement problem, and would be good candidates for use in a long-term monitoring device for toe-walking assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chalmers
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2V4
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