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Ma J, Huang X, Xu J, Li Z, Lai J, Shen Y, Zhao J, Sun X, Ma L. SBP1 promotes tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer through TXN/NIS pathway. Mol Med 2023; 29:121. [PMID: 37684566 PMCID: PMC10492376 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the tissue with the highest selenium content in the body, the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer are closely related to selenium and selenoproteins. Selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) has been repeatedly implicated in several cancers, but its role and molecular mechanisms in thyroid cancer remains largely undefined. METHODS The expression of SBP1, sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and thioredoxin (TXN) were analyzed in clinical samples and cell lines. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and tube formation assays were used to analyze the cell viability and tube formation of cells. Immunofluorescence was used to determine the expression of the NIS. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay was carried out to verify the interaction of SBP1 with TXN. The mouse xenograft experiment was performed to investigate the growth of thyroid cancer cells with SBP1 knockdown in vivo. RESULTS SBP1 was significantly increased in human thyroid cancer tissues and cells, especially in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Overexpression of SBP1 promoted FTC-133 cell proliferation, and the culture supernatant of SBP1-overexpression FTC-133 cells promoted tube formation of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Knockdown of SBP1, however, inhibited cell proliferation and tube formation. Furthermore, overexpression of SBP1 inhibited cellular differentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer cell line FTC-133, as indicated by decreased expression of thyroid stimulating hormone receptors, thyroglobulin and NIS. Knockdown of SBP1, however, promoted differentiation of BHT101 cells, an anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line. Notably, TXN, a negative regulator of NIS, was found to be significantly upregulated in human thyroid cancer tissues, and it was positively regulated by SBP1. Co-IP assay implied a direct interaction of SBP1 with TXN. Additionally, TXN overexpression reversed the effect of SBP1 knockdown on BHT101 cell viability, tube formation and cell differentiation. An in vivo study found that knockdown of SBP1 promoted the expression of thyroid stimulating hormone receptors, thyroglobulin and NIS, as well as inhibited the growth and progression of thyroid cancer tumors. CONCLUSION SBP1 promoted tumorigenesis and dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer through positively regulating TXN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China
| | - Jinkai Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Zongyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Jingyue Lai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Yawei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Lieting Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Zarkesh M, Arab N, Abooshahab R, Heydarzadeh S, Sheikholeslami S, Nozhat Z, Salehi Jahromi M, Fanaei SA, Hedayati M. CpG island status as an epigenetic alteration for NIS promoter in thyroid neoplasms; a cross-sectional study with a systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:310. [PMID: 36221112 PMCID: PMC9555109 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02720-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene silence via methylation of the CpG islands is cancer's most common epigenetic modification. Given the highly significant role of NIS in thyroid cancer (TC) differentiation, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the DNA methylation pattern in seven CpG islands (CpG1-7 including +846, +918, +929, +947, +953, +955, and +963, respectively) of the NIS promoter in patients diagnosed with papillary (PTC), follicular (FTC), and multinodular goiter (MNG). Additionally, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to compare our results with studies concerning methylation of the NIS gene promoter. METHODS Thyroid specimens from 64 patients met the eligibility criteria, consisting of 28 PTC, 9 FTC, and 27 benign MNG cases. The mRNA of NIS was tested by qRT-PCR. The bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) technique was performed to evaluate the promoter methylation pattern of the NIS gene. Sequencing results were received in chromatograph, FASTA, SEQ, and pdf formats and were analyzed using Chromas. The methylation percentage at each position and for each sample was calculated by mC/(mC+C) formula for all examined CpGs; following that, the methylation percentage was also calculated at each CpG site. Besides, a literature search was conducted without restricting publication dates. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria after removing duplicates, unrelated articles, and reviews. RESULTS NIS mRNA levels decreased in tumoral tissues of PTC (P = 0.04) and FTC (P = 0.03) patients compared to their matched non-tumoral ones. The methylation of NIS promoter was not common in PTC samples, but it was frequent in FTC (P < 0.05). Significant differences were observed in the methylation levels in the 4th(+ 947), 6th(+ 955), and 7th(+ 963) CpGs sites in the forward strand of NIS promoter between FTC and MNG tissues (76.34 ± 3.12 vs 40.43 ± 8.42, P = 0.004, 69.63 ± 3.03 vs 23.29 ± 6.84, P = 0.001 and 50.33 ± 5.65 vs 24 ± 6.89, P = 0.030, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the expression and methylation status of NIS in PTC and FTC tissues. CONCLUSION Perturbation in NIS promoter's methylation individually may have a potential utility in differentiating MNG and FTC tissues. The absence of a distinct methylation pattern implies the importance of other epigenetic processes, which may alter the production of NIS mRNA. In addition, according to the reversibility of DNA methylation, it is anticipated that the design of particular targeted demethylation medicines will lead to a novel cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zarkesh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noman Arab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shabnam Heydarzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Sheikholeslami
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nozhat
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Marziyeh Salehi Jahromi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
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Samimi H, Haghpanah V. Molecular evidence reveals thyrotropin intervention enhances the risk of developing radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:61. [PMID: 35114985 PMCID: PMC8812241 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioiodine (RAI) is the mainstay of treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) following total thyroidectomy. Nevertheless, about 5% of patients with DTC are RAI-refractory (RAI-R). Understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with DTC during progression towards RAI-R DTC, including thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, may help to explain the pathophysiology of challenging RAI-R DTC clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Samimi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Haghpanah
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Lu YL, Chen ST, Ho TY, Chan WH, Wong RJ, Hsueh C, Lin SF. Primary lung cancer with radioiodine avidity: A thyroid cancer cohort study. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:71-80. [PMID: 33511173 PMCID: PMC7809679 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A proportion of lung cancers show sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression. Lung cancers with NIS expression may uptake radioiodine (RAI) and show RAI-avid lesions on RAI scan for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) surveillance.
AIM To investigate the possibility of RAI uptake by lung cancer in a cohort with thyroid cancer.
METHODS RAI-avid lung cancers were analyzed using a prospectively maintained database of patients with thyroid cancer who were registered at a medical center between December 1, 1976 and May 28, 2018. NIS expression in lung cancer was assessed using immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS Of the 5000 patients with thyroid cancer from the studied dataset, 4602 had DTC. During follow-up, 33 patients developed primary lung cancer. Of these patients, nine received an iodine-131 (131I) scan within 1 year before the diagnosis of lung cancer. One of these nine lung cancers was RAI-avid. NIS expression was evaluated, and three of the eight available lung cancers revealed NIS expression. The proportions of lung cancer cells with NIS expression were 60%, 15%, and 10%. The RAI-avid lung cancer had the highest level of expression (60%). The RAI-avid lung cancer had a spiculated border upon single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography, which led to an accurate diagnosis.
CONCLUSION A proportion of lung cancer demonstrates NIS expression and is RAI-avid. Clinicians should be aware of this possibility in the interpretation of RAI scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Tah Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Ho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Chan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Institute for Radiological Research, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Richard J Wong
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Chuen Hsueh
- Department of Pathology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Ma Y, He J, Shen N, Guo R. Expression of NIS, VEGF-A and Thyroid Autoantibody in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with or without Hashimoto's Disease. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2019; 81:281-286. [PMID: 31480047 DOI: 10.1159/000501620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) has increased year by year, but the mechanism is still unknown, the goal of this study was to investigate the expression of Na+/I- symporter (NIS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and thyroid autoantibodies in HT combined with PTC, and to explore the relationship between HT and PTC. METHODS Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of VEGF-A and NIS in 38 cases of PTC and HT combined with PTC and in 20 cases of normal tissues; preoperative serum TPOAb and TgAb levels in each group were detected by ELISA. RESULTS The expression of VEGF-A in PTC and HT combined with PTC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (p < 0.05), and the expression of VEGF-A in HT combined with PTC was higher than that in PTC (p < 0.05). The expression of NIS mRNA in PTC and HT combined with PTC was significantly decreased compared to that in normal tissues (p < 0.05), and NIS mRNA in HT combined with PTC tissue was lower than that in PTC tissue (p < 0.05). The preoperative levels of TPOAb and TgAb in the HT combined with PTC group were higher than those in the normal group and the PTC group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The presence of HT may inhibit iodine uptake and cause a decrease in NIS. Increased levels of TPOAb and TgAb in HT patients lead to a high expression of TSH and stimulate VEGF secretion. This may explain why HT could accelerate the occurrence and development of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ma
- Department of Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi He
- Department of Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Ruosheng Guo
- Department of Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zheng L, Wang G, Guo W, Pan D, Xie L, He S, Luo C, Li H, Ran Y, Wu S, Liu F, Zhang X, Huang D. NIS and epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker expression of circulating tumor cells for predicting and monitoring the radioactive iodine-131 therapy effect in differentiated thyroid cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4201-12. [PMID: 31147861 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04873-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Current methods, such as serum thyroglobulin measurement and medical imaging, have limitations in the routine monitoring of the disease status and treatment response of patients with differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs), and additional methods remain to be explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical value of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in monitoring the disease status and treatment response of DTC. Blood samples were obtained from DTC patients before (1 to 3 months after total thyroidectomy) and 4 to 6 months after radioactive iodine-131 (RAI) therapy for the CTC assessments. The number, NIS expression, and EMT phenotypes of CTCs were enumerated and characterized with CanPatrol™ CTC enrichment and mRNA in situ hybridization. Postoperative NIS high expression was independently correlated with a better response to first RAI therapy and good treatment efficacy. Postoperative NIS-/epithelial-/mesenchymal+ CTCs presence was independently correlated with a worse response to first RAI therapy. The numbers of total NIS+ CTCs and NIS+/epithelial+/mesenchymal+ CTCs after first RAI therapy were negatively correlated with a better response to RAI therapy only in univariate analyses. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that a decreased or unchanged number of total NIS+ CTCs after RAI therapy may denote good efficacy and effective RAI therapy. These preliminary data suggest that assessment of the NIS expression and EMT phenotypes of CTCs may serve as potential adjuncts for predicting and monitoring the curative effect of RAI therapy in DTC patients and avoid ineffective treatment. Further validation is warranted.
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Karaca T, Demirtas S, Uzun Goren D. Pendrin and sodium/iodide symporter protein expression in the testicular tissue of normal and diabetic rats in prepubertal and post pubertal stages. Iran J Vet Res 2018; 19:255-261. [PMID: 30774665 PMCID: PMC6361603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pendrin (PDS) and sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) are transmembrane proteins that are located in numerous tissue types, particularly thyroid follicular epithelial cells, where they are entrusted with the regulation of iodine molecules. In the present study, we aimed to clarify changes in PDS and NIS protein expression, in the testicular tissue of prepubertal and post pubertal rats at normal or diabetic conditions. Forty Wistar albino male rats (20 prepubertal and 20 post pubertal) were divided into four groups, as follows: group I was prepubertal control, group II was prepubertal diabetic (60 mg/kg intraperitoneal [ip] streptozotocin [STZ]), group III was post pubertal control, and group IV was post pubertal diabetic (60 mg/kg ip STZ). Ki67 immunoreactivity decreased in testicular tissue of both the prepubertal and post pubertal diabetic groups; the apoptotic tubule index and apoptotic cell number increased in the diabetic groups as compared to the control groups. Pendrin immunoreactivity was detected in seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells; and was significantly reduced in the diabetic groups (P<0.05). The number of cells positive for NIS was significantly decreased in prepubertal and post pubertal rats with diabetes, compared to the controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis showed that PDS and NIS values were significantly reduced in the prepubertal and post pubertal diabetic groups as compared to the control groups. Our results indicate a potential relationship between puberty and PDS and NIS expression in rat testicular tissue and showed the decreasing effects of diabetes on PDS and NIS expression in testicular tissues in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Karaca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - S. Demirtas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - D. Uzun Goren
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Balkan Campus, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
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Jiang H, Bansal A, Goyal R, Peng KW, Russell SJ, DeGrado TR. Synthesis and evaluation of 18F-hexafluorophosphate as a novel PET probe for imaging of sodium/iodide symporter in a murine C6-glioma tumor model. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:225-231. [PMID: 29198608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging of iodide uptake via the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) has received great interest for evaluation of thyroid cancer and reporter imaging of NIS-expressing viral therapies. In this study, we investigate 18F-labeled hexafluorophosphate (HFP or PF6-) as a high-affinity iodide analog for NIS imaging. 18F-HFP was synthesized by radiofluorination of phosphorus pentafluoride·N-methylpyrrolidine complex and evaluated in human NIS (hNIS)-expressing C6 glioma cells and a C6 glioma xenograft mouse model. 18F-HFP was obtained in radiochemical yield of 10 ± 5%, radiochemical purity of >96% and specific radioactivity of 604 ± 18 MBq/µmol. Specific uptake of 18F-HFP and high affinity of 19F-HFP were observed in hNIS+ C6-glioma cells. PET imaging showed robust uptake of 18F-HFP in NIS-expressing tissues (thyroid, stomach, and hNIS+ C6 glioma xenografts), and the uptake of 18F-HFP was blocked by NaClO4 pretreatment. Specific accumulation in hNIS-expressing xenograft (hNIS+) was observed relative to isogenic control tumor (hNIS-). Clearance of 18F-HFP was predominantly through renal excretion. The biodistribution showed consistent results with PET imaging. Minimal bone uptake was observed over 2 h period post-injection, indicating excellent in vivo stability of 18F-HFP. Although improvement in specific radioactivity is desirable, the results indicate that 18F-HFP is a promising candidate radiotracer for further evaluation for NIS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Aditya Bansal
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ribu Goyal
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kah-Whye Peng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Stephen J Russell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Timothy R DeGrado
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Jiang H, Schmit NR, Koenen AR, Bansal A, Pandey MK, Glynn RB, Kemp BJ, Delaney KL, Dispenzieri A, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Peng KW, Russell SJ, Gunderson TM, Lowe VJ, DeGrado TR. Safety, pharmacokinetics, metabolism and radiation dosimetry of 18F-tetrafluoroborate ( 18F-TFB) in healthy human subjects. EJNMMI Res 2017; 7:90. [PMID: 29080017 PMCID: PMC5660009 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-017-0337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-Tetrafluoroborate (18F-TFB) is a promising iodide analog for PET imaging of thyroid cancer and sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) reporter activity in viral therapy applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and radiation dosimetry of high-specific activity 18F-TFB in healthy human subjects. METHODS 18F-TFB was synthesized with specific activity of 3.2 ± 1.3 GBq/μmol (at the end of synthesis). Dynamic and whole-body static PET/CT scans over 4 h were performed after intravenous administration of 18F-TFB (333-407 MBq) in four female and four male healthy volunteers (35 ± 11 years old). Samples of venous blood and urine were collected over the imaging period and analyzed by ion-chromatography HPLC to determine tracer stability. Vital signs and clinical laboratory safety assays were measured to evaluate safety. RESULTS 18F-TFB administration was well tolerated with no significant findings on vital signs and no clinically meaningful changes in clinical laboratory assays. Left-ventricular blood pool time-activity curves showed a multi-phasic blood clearance of 18F-radioactivity with the two rapid clearance phases over the first 20 min, followed by a slower clearance phase. HPLC analysis showed insignificant 18F-labeled metabolites in the blood and urine over the length of the study (4 h). High uptakes were seen in the thyroid, stomach, salivary glands, and bladder. Urinary clearance of 18F-TFB was prominent. Metabolic stability was evidenced by low accumulation of 18F-radioactivity in the bone. Effective doses were 0.036 mSv/MBq in males and 0.064 mSv/MBq in females (p = 0.08, not significant). CONCLUSIONS This initial study in healthy human subjects showed 18F-TFB was safe and distributed in the human body similar to other iodide analogs. These data support further translational studies with 18F-TFB as NIS gene reporter and imaging biomarker for thyroid cancer and other disease processes that import iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Nicholas R. Schmit
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Alex R. Koenen
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Aditya Bansal
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Mukesh K. Pandey
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Robert B. Glynn
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Bradley J. Kemp
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Kera L. Delaney
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | | | | | - Kah-Whye Peng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | | | | | - Val J. Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Timothy R. DeGrado
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
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Liu L, Li D, Chen Z, Yang J, Ma Y, Cai H, Shan C, Lv Z, Zhang X. Wild-Type P53 Induces Sodium/Iodide Symporter Expression Allowing Radioiodide Therapy in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:905-914. [PMID: 28957796 DOI: 10.1159/000481640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Anaplastic thyroid cancer(ATC) is one of the most aggressive solid tumors. Mutations in the p53 gene are common in anaplastic thyroid cancer, but the effects of p53 mutations are yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of p53 in ATC. METHODS p53 mutation was detect by immunohistochemistry in ATC tissues. Expression of NIS were measured using immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence in ATC tissues and cell line 8505c. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the effect of wild-type p53 on NIS. Radioiodide uptake assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to detect the role of wild-type p53 on radioiodide uptake.and cell apoptosis in ATC cell line. RESULTS We showed that the p53 mutation can be detected in ATC tissues. Furthermore, we demonstrated that wild-type p53 transactivated the NIS promoter. In 8505c cells transfected with wild-type p53, treatment with radioiodine resulted in increased radioiodine uptake and increased apoptotic cell death compared with 8505c cells harboring the p53 mutation. CONCLUSION In summary, transfection with wild-type p53 can increase the therapeutic effect of radioiodine by regulating the expression of the NIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Institution of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushui Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengxiang Shan
- Department of General Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Institution of Interventional and Vascular Surgery, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Lee SB, Lee HW, Lee H, Jeon YH, Lee SW, Ahn BC, Lee J, Jeong SY. Tracking dendritic cell migration into lymph nodes by using a novel PET probe 18F-tetrafluoroborate for sodium/iodide symporter. EJNMMI Res 2017; 7:32. [PMID: 28378292 PMCID: PMC5380646 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-017-0280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, 18F-tetrafluoroborate (TFB) was used as a substrate for the human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) reporter gene. This study evaluated the feasibility of performing molecular-genetic imaging by using the new radiotracer (18F-TFB) for the hNIS gene, to track dendritic cell (DC) migration in live mice. A murine dendritic cell line (DC2.4) co-expressing the hNIS and effluc genes (DC/NF) was established. To confirm the functional cellular expression of both effluc and NIS in the inoculated DC/NF cells by bio-medical imaging, combined bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and 18F-TFB positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging was performed after intramuscular injection with parental DCs and DC/NF cells. For DC-tracking, parental DCs or DC/NF cells were injected in the left or right mouse footpad, respectively, and 18F-TFB PET/CT and BLI were performed to monitor these cells in live mice. RESULTS In vivo PET/CT and BLI showed a clear signal in DC/NF injection sites but not in parental DC injection sites. The signal intensity in DC/NF cells was correlated with time. In vivo 18F-TFB PET/CT imaging showed higher radiotracer activity in the draining popliteal lymph nodes (DPLNs) in DC/NF injection sites than those in DC injection sites on day 2. BLI also showed DC/NF cell migration to the DPLNs on day 2 after the injection. CONCLUSIONS Migration of DCs to the lymph nodes was successfully monitored using 18F-TFB PET/CT imaging of the NIS gene and optical imaging of the effluc gene in live mice. These data support the feasibility of using 18F-TFB as a substrate for hNIS reporter gene imaging to track the migration of DCs to the lymph nodes in live animals. The use of 18F-TFB may facilitate enhanced PET imaging of the hNIS reporter gene in small animals and humans in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Bong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.,Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongje Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongnam Institution of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 40, Jwadong-gil, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dongnam Institution of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 40, Jwadong-gil, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaetae Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.,Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Jeong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Khoshnevisan A, Jauregui-Osoro M, Shaw K, Torres JB, Young JD, Ramakrishnan NK, Jackson A, Smith GE, Gee AD, Blower PJ. [(18)F]tetrafluoroborate as a PET tracer for the sodium/iodide symporter: the importance of specific activity. EJNMMI Res 2016; 6:34. [PMID: 27103614 PMCID: PMC4840125 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-016-0188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND [(18)F]BF4 (-), the first (18)F-labelled PET imaging agent for the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), was produced by isotopic exchange yielding a product with limited specific activity (SA, ca. 1 GBq/μmol) posing a risk of sub-optimal target-to-background ratios (TBR) in PET images due to saturation of NIS in vivo. We sought to quantify this risk and to develop a method of production of [(18)F]BF4 (-) with higher SA. METHODS A new radiosynthesis of [(18)F]BF4 (-) was developed, involving reaction of [(18)F]F(-) with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate under anhydrous conditions, guided by (11)B and (19)F NMR studies of equilibria involving BF4 (-) and BF3. The SA of the product was determined by ion chromatography. The IC50 of [(19)F]BF4 (-) as an inhibitor of [(18)F]BF4 (-) uptake was determined in vitro using HCT116-C19 human colon cancer cells expressing the human form of NIS (hNIS). The influence of [(19)F]BF4 (-) dose on biodistribution in vivo was evaluated in normal mice by nanoPET imaging and ex vivo tissue counting. RESULTS An IC50 of 4.8 μΜ was found in vitro indicating a significant risk of in vivo NIS saturation at SA achieved by the isotopic exchange labelling method. In vivo thyroid and salivary gland uptake decreased significantly with [(19)F]BF4 (-) doses above ca. 10 μg/kg. The new radiosynthesis gave high radiochemical purity (>99 %) and moderate yield (15 %) and improved SA (>5 GBq/μmol) from a starting activity of only 1.5 GBq. CONCLUSIONS [(18)F]BF4 (-) produced at previously reported levels of SA (1 GBq/μmol) can lead to reduced uptake in NIS-expressing tissues in mice. This is much less likely in humans. The synthetic approach described provides an alternative for production of [(18)F]BF4 (-) at higher SA with sufficient yield and without need for unusually high starting activity of [(18)F]fluoride, removing the risk of NIS saturation in vivo even in mice. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN75827286 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Khoshnevisan
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Maite Jauregui-Osoro
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Karen Shaw
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Julia Baguña Torres
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jennifer D Young
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Nisha K Ramakrishnan
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Alex Jackson
- The Grove Centre, GE Healthcare, White Lion Road, Amersham, UK
| | - Gareth E Smith
- The Grove Centre, GE Healthcare, White Lion Road, Amersham, UK
| | - Antony D Gee
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Philip J Blower
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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13
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Chen XY, Lin CH, Yang LH, Li WG, Zhang JW, Zheng WW, Wang X, Qian J, Huang JL, Lei YX. The Effect on Sodium/Iodide Symporter and Pendrin in Thyroid Colloid Retention Developed by Excess Iodide Intake. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 172:193-200. [PMID: 26660892 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0580-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that excess iodide can lead to thyroid colloid retention, a classic characteristic of iodide-induced goiter. However, the mechanism has not been fully unrevealed. Iodide plays an important role in thyroid function at multiple steps of thyroid colloid synthesis and transport among which sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and pendrin are essential. In our study, we fed female BALB/c mice with different concentrations of high-iodine water including group A (control group, 0 μg/L), group B (1500 μg/L), group C (3000 μg/L), group D (6000 μg/L), and group E (12,000 μg/L). After 7 months of feeding, we found that excess iodide could lead to different degrees of thyroid colloid retention. Besides, NIS and pendrin expression were downregulated in the highest dose group. The thyroid iodide intake function detected by urine iodine assay and thyroidal (125)I experiments showed that the urine level of iodine increased, while the iodine intake rate decreased when the concentration of iodide used in feeding water increased (all p < 0.05 vs. control group). In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated a reduction in the number of intracellular mitochondria of thyroid cells. Based on these findings, we concluded that the occurrence of thyroid colloid retention exacerbated by excess iodide was associated with the suppression of NIS and pendrin expression, providing an additional insight of the potential mechanism of action of excess iodide on thyroid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Hui Lin
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Gen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Wei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wei Zheng
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Qian
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Luan Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xiong Lei
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Mizokami T, Fukata S, Hishinuma A, Kogai T, Hamada K, Maruta T, Higashi K, Tajiri J. Iodide Transport Defect and Breast Milk Iodine. Eur Thyroid J 2016; 5:145-8. [PMID: 27493890 PMCID: PMC4949360 DOI: 10.1159/000446496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iodide transport defect (ITD) is a dyshormonogenetic congenital hypothyroidism caused by sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene mutations. In the lactating mammary gland, iodide is concentrated by NIS, and iodine for thyroid hormone synthesis is thereby supplied to the infant in the breast milk. CASE DESCRIPTION A 34-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed with ITD caused by a homozygous NIS gene mutation T354P. She had begun treatment of primary hypothyroidism with levothyroxine at the age of 5. She delivered a baby at the age of 36. The iodine concentration in her breast milk was 54 µg/l. She took a 50-mg potassium iodide tablet daily to supply iodine in the breast milk, starting on the 5th day postpartum. Her breast milk iodine concentration increased to 90 µg/l (slightly above the minimum requirement level). The patient weaned her baby and stopped taking the daily potassium iodide tablet 6 weeks postpartum, and the baby began to be fed with relatively iodine-rich formula milk. The baby's thyroid function remained normal from birth until 6 months of age. CONCLUSION Possible iodine deficiency in the infant breast-fed by an ITD patient should be kept in mind. Prophylactic iodine supplementation is essential for such infants in order to prevent severe iodine deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Mizokami
- Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan
- *Tetsuya Mizokami, MD, Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, 2-6-3 Suizenji, Kumamoto 862-0950 (Japan), E-Mail
| | - Shuji Fukata
- Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan
- b Department of Medicine, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Hishinuma
- Department of Infection Control and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kogai
- Department of Infection Control and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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15
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Marti-Climent JM, Collantes M, Jauregui-Osoro M, Quincoces G, Prieto E, Bilbao I, Ecay M, Richter JA, Peñuelas I. Radiation dosimetry and biodistribution in non-human primates of the sodium/iodide PET ligand [(18)F]-tetrafluoroborate. EJNMMI Res 2015; 5:70. [PMID: 26635227 PMCID: PMC4669333 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-015-0148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background [18F]-tetrafluoroborate is a PET radiotracer taken up by the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS). Albeit the in vivo behavior in rodents is similar to the 99mTc-pertechnetate, no studies exist in primates or in humans. The aims of this study were to evaluate the biodistribution of [18F]-tetrafluoroborate in non-human primates with PET and to estimate the absorbed dose in organs. Methods Whole-body PET imaging was done in a Siemens ECAT HR+ scanner in two male Macaca fascicularis monkeys. After an i.v. injection of 24.93 ± 0.05 MBq/kg of [18F]-tetrafluoroborate, prepared by isotopic exchange of sodium tetrafluoroborate with [18F]-fluoride under acidic conditions, eight sequential images from the head to the thigh (five beds) were collected for a total duration of 132 min. The whole-body emission scan was reconstructed applying attenuation and scatter corrections. After image reconstruction, three-dimensional volumes of interest (VOIs) were hand-drawn on the PET transaxial or coronal slices of the frame where the organ was most conspicuous. Time-activity curves for each VOI were obtained, and the organ residence times were calculated by integration of the time-activity curves. Human absorbed doses were estimated using the OLINDA/EXM software and the standard human model. Results [18F]-tetrafluoroborate was able to discriminate clearly the thyroid gland with an excellent signal-to-noise ratio. Most of the radiotracers (residence time) are localised in the organs that express NIS (stomach wall, salivary glands, thyroid, olfactory mucosa), are involved in excretion (kidneys and bladder), or reflect the vascular phase (heart and lungs). Considering the OLINDA source organs, the critical organs were the stomach wall, thyroid and bladder wall, with absorbed doses lower than 0.078 mGy/MBq. The effective dose was 0.025 mSv/MBq. Conclusions [18F]-tetrafluoroborate is a very useful radiotracer for PET thyroid imaging in primates, with a characteristic biodistribution in organs expressing NIS. It delivers an effective dose slightly higher than the dose produced by 99mTc-pertechnetate but much lower than that produced by radioiodine in the form of 131INa, 123INa, or 124INa. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13550-015-0148-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Marti-Climent
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - M Collantes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. .,Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) - Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | - G Quincoces
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - E Prieto
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - I Bilbao
- Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) - Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. .,Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) - CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Ecay
- Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) - Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - J A Richter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - I Peñuelas
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Avda. Pío XII, 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain. .,Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) - Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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16
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Kim S, Chung JK, Min HS, Kang JH, Park DJ, Jeong JM, Lee DS, Park SH, Cho BY, Lee S, Lee MC. Expression patterns of glucose transporter-1 gene and thyroid specific genes in human papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 48:91-7. [PMID: 24900148 PMCID: PMC4028475 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-013-0249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The expression of glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) gene and those of major thyroid-specific genes were examined in papillary carcinoma tissues, and the expressions of these genes were compared with cancer differentiation grades. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four human papillary carcinoma tissues were included in this study. The expressions of Glut-1- and thyroid-specific genes [sodium/iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, TSH receptor and pendrin] were analyzed by RT-PCR. Expression levels were expressed as ratios versus the expression of beta-actin. Pathologic differentiation of papillary carcinoma was classified into a relatively well-differentiated group (n = 13) and relatively less differentiated group (n = 11). RESULTS Glut-1 gene expression was significantly higher in the less differentiated group (0.66 ± 0.04) than in the well-differentiated group (0.59 ± 0.07). The expression levels of the NIS, PD and TG genes were significantly higher in the well-differentiated group (NIS: 0.67 ± 0.20, PD: 0.65 ± 0.21, TG: 0.74 ± 0.16) than in the less differentiated group (NIS: 0.36 ± 0.05, PD: 0.49 ± 0.08, TG: 0.60 ± 0.11), respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between Glut-1 and NIS expression, and positive correlations were found between NIS and TG, and between NIS and PD. CONCLUSION The NIS, PD and TG genes were highly expressed in well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas, whereas the Glut-1 gene was highly expressed in less differentiated thyroid carcinomas. These findings provide a molecular rationale for the management of papillary carcinoma, especially in the selection of FDG PET or radioiodine whole-body scan and I-131-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungeun Kim
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Key Chung
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu Seoul, 110-744 Korea
| | - Hae-Sook Min
- />Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Kang
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Joon Park
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Min Jeong
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- />Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Lee
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwae Park
- />Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Youn Cho
- />Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sinae Lee
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Chul Lee
- />Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Darrouzet E, Lindenthal S, Marcellin D, Pellequer JL, Pourcher T. The sodium/iodide symporter: state of the art of its molecular characterization. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1838:244-53. [PMID: 23988430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS or SLC5A5) is an intrinsic membrane protein implicated in iodide uptake into thyroid follicular cells. It plays a crucial role in iodine metabolism and thyroid regulation and its function is widely exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant thyroid diseases. A great effort is currently being made to develop a NIS-based gene therapy also allowing the radiotreatment of nonthyroidal tumors. NIS is also expressed in other tissues, such as salivary gland, stomach and mammary gland during lactation, where its physiological role remains unclear. The molecular identity of the thyroid iodide transporter was elucidated approximately fifteen years ago. It belongs to the superfamily of sodium/solute symporters, SSS (and to the human transporter family, SLC5), and is composed of 13 transmembrane helices and 643 amino acid residues in humans. Knowledge concerning NIS structure/function relationship has been obtained by taking advantage of the high resolution structure of one member of the SSS family, the Vibrio parahaemolyticus sodium/galactose symporter (vSGLT), and from studies of gene mutations leading to congenital iodine transport defects (ITD). This review will summarize current knowledge regarding the molecular characterization of NIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Darrouzet
- SBTN, bât 170, centre de Marcoule, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols sur Cèze CEDEX, France; Laboratoire TIRO, Faculté de médecine, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice CEDEX, France; CAL, TIRO, F-06107 Nice, France.
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18
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Oh HJ, Chung JK, Kang JH, Kang WJ, Noh DY, Park IA, Jeong JM, Lee DS, Lee MC. The relationship between expression of the sodium/iodide symporter gene and the status of hormonal receptors in human breast cancer tissue. Cancer Res Treat 2005; 37:247-50. [PMID: 19956522 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2005.37.4.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2005] [Accepted: 07/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been reported that the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene is expressed in several breast cancer tissues, suggesting the possibility of radionuclide imaging and therapy. However, the regulatory mechanism of NIS gene expression in breast cancer is not yet understood. To assess the relationship between the hormonal status and the NIS expression in breast cancer tissue, we investigated the NIS expression and correlated it to the expression of the thyrotropin receptor (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, TSH-R), the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR) in human breast cancer tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer tissues were obtained from 44 patients. Pathological examination showed 2 cases of Grade I, 17 of Grade II, 22 of Grade III, and 3 of unknown grade. We measured the expression of NIS and TSH-R genes by using RT-PCR and we measured the status of ER and PR by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The NIS gene was expressed in 15 (34%) of the 44 breast cancer tissues. The NIS gene was expressed in 32% of the cases with TSH-R gene expression. The NIS gene was expressed in 40% of the breast cancer tissues with a positive PR and in 31% with a negative PR (p>0.05). It was positive for PR in 18% of the cases and negative for PR in 39% of the cases (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The NIS gene is expressed in approximately one-third of the human breast cancer tissues. Its expression was not related to the presence of the TSH-R gene or hormonal receptors, ER and PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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