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Joshi S, Williamson J, Moosa S, Kapur J. Progesterone Receptor Activation Regulates Sensory Sensitivity and Migraine Susceptibility. J Pain 2024; 25:642-658. [PMID: 37777034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Women develop chronic pain during their reproductive years more often than men, and estrogen and progesterone regulate this susceptibility. We tested whether brain progesterone receptor (PR) signaling regulates pain susceptibility. During the estrous cycle, animals were more sensitive to mechanical stimulus during the estrus stage than in the diestrus stage, suggesting a role for reproductive hormones, estrogen, and progesterone. Progesterone treatment of ovariectomized and estrogen-primed mice caused a delayed reduction in the mechanical threshold. Segesterone, a specific agonist of PRs replicated this effect, whereas, the segesterone-induced reduction in mechanical threshold was blocked in the mice lacking PRs in the nervous system. Segesterone treatment also did not alter mechanical threshold in adult male and juvenile female mice. PR activation increased the cold sensitivity but did not affect the heat and light sensitivity. We evaluated whether PR activation altered experimental migraine. Segesterone and nitroglycerin when administered sequentially, reduced the pain threshold but not when given separately. PRs were expressed in several components of the migraine ascending pain pathway, and their deletion blocked the painful effects of nitroglycerin. PR activation also increased the number of active neurons in the components of the migraine ascending pain pathway. These studies have uncovered a pain-regulating function of PRs. Targeting PRs may provide a novel therapeutic avenue to treat chronic pain and migraine in women. PERSPECTIVE: This article provides evidence for the role of progesterone receptors in regulating pain sensitivity and migraine susceptibility in females. Progesterone receptors may be a therapeutic target to treat chronic pain conditions more prevalent in women than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - John Williamson
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Shayan Moosa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jaideep Kapur
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
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Szucio W, Bernaczyk P, Ponikwicka-Tyszko D, Milewska G, Pawelczyk A, Wołczyński S, Rahman NA. Progesterone signaling in uterine leiomyoma biology: Implications for potential targeted therapy. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:21-28. [PMID: 38278085 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) are the most common benign smooth muscle cell steroid-dependent tumors that occur in women of reproductive age. Progesterone (P4) is a major hormone that promotes the ULs development and growth. P4 action in ULs is mediated mainly by its nuclear progesterone receptors (PGRs), although rapid non-genomic responses have also been observed. Data on the membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) regulated signaling pathways in ULs in the available literature is still very limited. One of the essential characteristics of ULs is the excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM). P4 has been shown to stimulate ECM production and collagen synthesis in ULs. Recent research demonstrated that, despite their benign nature, ULs may present with abnormal vasculature. P4 has been shown to regulate angiogenesis in ULs through the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and by controlling the secretion of permeability factors. This review summarizes the key findings regarding the role of PGRs and mPRs in ULs, especially highlighting the potential ECM and angiogenesis modulation by P4. An increased understanding of this mechanistic role of nuclear and specifically mPRs in the biology of P4-modulated ECM and angiogenesis in the growth of ULs could turn out to be fundamental for developing effective targeted therapies for ULs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Szucio
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Bernaczyk
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gabriela Milewska
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Pawelczyk
- Department of Plastic, Endocrine and General Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wołczyński
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nafis A Rahman
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Jaime dos Santos B, Balabram D, Mara Reis Gomes V, Costa Café de Castro C, Henrique Costa Diniz P, Araújo Buzelin M, Buzelin Nunes C. Changes in Invasive Breast Carcinomas after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Can Influence Adjuvant Therapeutic Decisions. Cancer Res Treat 2024; 56:178-190. [PMID: 37536712 PMCID: PMC10789950 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can change invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) and influence the patients' overall survival time (OS). We aimed to identify IBC changes after NACT and their association with OS. MATERIALS AND METHODS IBC data in pre- and post-NACT samples of 86 patients were evaluated and associated with OS. RESULTS Post-NACT tumors changed nuclear pleomorphism score (p=0.025); mitotic count (p=0.002); % of tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells (p=0.016); presence of in situ carcinoma (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI; p=0.002); expression of estrogen (p=0.003), progesterone receptors (PR; p=0.019), and Ki67 (p=0.003). Immunohistochemical (IHC) profile changed in 26 tumors (30.2%, p=0.050). Higher risk of death was significatively associated with initial tumor histological grade III (hazard ratio [HR], 2.94), high nuclear pleomorphism (HR, 2.53), high Ki67 index (HR, 2.47), post-NACT presence of LVI (HR, 1.90), luminal B-like profile (HR, 2.58), pre- (HR, 2.26) and post-NACT intermediate mitotic count (HR, 2.12), pre- (HR, 4.45) and post-NACT triple-negative IHC profile (HR, 4.52). On the other hand, lower risk of death was significative associated with pre- (HR, 0.35) and post-NACT (HR, 0.39) estrogen receptor-positive, and pre- (HR, 0.37) and post-NACT (HR, 0.57) PR-positive. Changes in IHC profile were associated with longer OS (p=0.050). In multivariate analysis, pre-NACT grade III tumors and pre-NACT and post-NACT triple negative IHC profile proved to be independent factors for shorter OS. CONCLUSION NACT can change tumor characteristics and biomarkers and impact on OS; therefore, they should be reassessed on residual samples to improve therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Jaime dos Santos
- Laboratory of Mammary Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora Balabram
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Virginia Mara Reis Gomes
- Laboratory of Mammary Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina Costa Café de Castro
- Laboratory of Mammary Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Costa Diniz
- Department of Medical Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Araújo Buzelin
- Institute of Teaching and Research of Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Buzelin Nunes
- Laboratory of Mammary Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Eluke CC, Aniume OI, Olusina BD, Okafor OC, Olasode BJ. Correlation of progesterone receptors and P63 to the histological grade of meningiomas: Review and significance in an African population. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2024; 15:69-73. [PMID: 38476431 PMCID: PMC10927058 DOI: 10.25259/jnrp_332_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Meningiomas, a common neoplasm of the central nervous system, is a widely studied meningeal tumor. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 classification of meningiomas, there are 15 subtypes that have been grouped into grades 1, 2, and 3. The WHO grade 1 meningiomas are generally grouped as benign while the WHO grades 2 and 3 tumors are grouped as malignant. Progesterone receptors and P63 are common immunohistochemical markers that have proven useful in the diagnosis, grading, and prognostication of many neoplasms such as breast carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and gastrointestinal tumors in histopathology practice. The application of these immunohistochemical markers to the grading of meningiomas has been reported and their usefulness documented in reports from Africa, Europe, North America, South America, and Asia. This study, therefore, seeks to determine if these findings are applicable to the meningiomas seen in an African population. Materials and Methods A 10-year review of results and histologically diagnosed cases of meningiomas received in the Department of Morbid Anatomy, University of Nigeria, Enugu. Immunostaining for progesterone receptors (PgRs) and P63 were done and results compared with histologic grades. Results The three WHO grades of meningioma were assessed in this study. M: F ratio was 1:1.4 and peak age was 41-50 years age range (SD ± 16.54). The majority of the cases were WHO grade 1 (86.1%) while the WHO grades 2 and 3 tumors were 8% and 5.9%, respectively. The fibrous variant was the most common subtype (27.1%). There was no correlation between progesterone receptor and P63 immunopositivity to the WHO grades of meningioma (P = 0.112 and P = 0.138, respectively). Conclusion Our study showed that progesterone receptors and P63 immunopositivity did not correlate with the WHO grades of meningiomas. This may be due to the predominant variant of meningioma seen in this study. These findings indicate that PgR antagonist may not be an effective alternative for treatment in patients with inoperable meningiomas. Furthermore, P63 immunopositivity may not be a sufficient grading tool for managing meningiomas in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bankole Daniel Olusina
- Department of Morbid Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Babatunde Josiah Olasode
- Department of Morbid Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Onyekachi IA, Chidiebere CE, Bankole DO, Okechukwu CO, Babatunde JO. CORRELATION OF PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS AND P63 TO THE HISTOLOGICAL GRADE OF MENINGIOMAS: REVIEW AND SIGNIFICANCE IN AN AFRICAN POPULATION. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:S23. [PMID: 37976251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Meningiomas are the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system. According to the WHO 2020 classification, there are fifteen subtypes that have been grouped into grades 1, 2, and 3. The WHO grade 1 meningiomas are generally grouped as benign while the WHO grade 2 and 3 tumours are grouped as malignant. Progesterone receptors and P63 are common immunohistochemical markers reported useful in the diagnosis, grading, and prognosis of meningiomas. This study seeks to determine the usefulness of these findings in our population. Methodology A 10-year retrospective review of histologically diagnosed cases of meningioma. Immunostaining for progesterone receptors and P63 were performed and the results were correlated with the histologic grades and sex of the patients. Results The three WHO grades of meningioma were assessed in this study. The M:F ratio was 1:1.4 and peak age incidence was seen in the 41 - 50 years age range. The majority of the cases were WHO grade 1 (86.1%) while WHO grades 2 and 3 tumours were 8% and 5.9%. There was no correlation between Progesterone receptor and P63 immunopositivity to the WHO grades or sex. Conclusion This study concluded that Progesterone receptors and P63 immunopositivity did not correlate with the WHO grades of meningiomas. This may be due to the predominant variant of meningioma seen in this study. Thus, progesterone receptor antagonists may not be an effective alternative for treatment in patients with inoperable meningiomas. Also, P63 immunopositivity may not be a sufficient grading tool in the management of meningiomas in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itohan Aniume Onyekachi
- Department of Morbid Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
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Fiz I, Antonopoulos W, Kölmel JC, Rüller K, Fiz F, Piazza C, Peretti G, Flechtenmacher C, Schirmacher P, Sittel C. Hormone pathway comparison in non-idiopathic and idiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:775-780. [PMID: 36036272 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous study on the idiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis (IPSS) highlighted a possible hormonal mechanism, with over-expression of estrogen receptors alpha (ER-α) and progesterone receptors (PR). We tested whether such over-expression take place in non-idiopathic subglottic stenosis (NISS) as well. METHODS 37 specimens of iatrogenic NISS were analyzed (20 females; mean age, 59 ± 12 years; range 41-85). Immunoreactivity of ER-α and PR was calculated as the product of intensity (1 = weak, 2 = moderate, 3 = strong) and positive cells percentage (1 to 4, for < 10%, 10-50%, 50-80%, and > 80%). This score was calculated on the stenotic tissue (ST), and stenosis margins (SM). RESULTS The expression of PR was significantly higher in ST of IPSS compared with female and male NISS patients (8.7 ± 3.1 vs. 4.9 ± 3.2, p < 0.001 for IPSS vs. female and 8.7 ± 3.1 vs. 2.1 ± 2.7, p < 0.01 for IPSS vs. male NISS patients). Contrarily, ER-α showed gender differences, as both IPSS and female NISS patients had similar, yet higher ER-α expression compared with male NISS patients (7.0 ± 4.2 vs. 6.5 ± 2.5, p = NS for IPSS vs. female and 7.0 ± 4.2 vs. 3.4 ± 2.0, p < 0.02 for IPSS vs. male NISS patients). There was no difference in fibroblast receptor expression between ST and SM. However, ER-α and PR expression was significantly lower in marginal mucous glands when compared with ST. CONCLUSIONS The IPSS pathogenesis appears to be driven by hormonal mechanisms, in particular, by over-expression of PR. Marginal cells display a reduced hormone receptor density. This finding could be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism. These findings could open up for targeted IPSS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Fiz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Instituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Jan-Constantin Kölmel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karina Rüller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Francesco Fiz
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Radiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cesare Piazza
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Peretti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Christian Sittel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Formica VM, Bruno V, Scotto Di Uccio A, Cocca E, Rossi B, Zoccali C. The giant cell tumor during pregnancy: A review of literature. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022; 109:103396. [PMID: 36087835 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giant cell tumors (GTC) of bone are benign, locally aggressive tumors generally occurring in young people with a female predominance during reproductive age. Considering their worsening during pregnancy it has been suggested that pregnancy can accelerate GCT progression or favor recurrence but correlation between tumor growth and pregnancy has not yet been clarified. Aim of this study was to clarify clinical characteristics, timing and type of treatment through a literature review on GTCs occurring during pregnancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS An electronic search was performed in December 2020 in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Register using the keywords "giant cell tumor" AND "pregnancy" looking for papers reporting cases of giant cell tumors of the bone onset or recurred during pregnancy. The electronic search identified 212 papers; sixteen studies were selected, for a total of 32 cases. RESULTS The diagnosis was made during pregnancy in 24 cases and after the partum in 8 cases. 27 cases were new diagnoses while 5 cases were recurrences. Pulmonary metastases were reported in 3 patients. The treatment was performed during the pregnancy in 7 out of 32 cases; in the remaining 27 cases treatment was performed after delivery. The hormone receptor status was reported in 14 patients. Data regarding follow-up was reported for 26 out of 32 patients; three patients had local recurrences that were treated with wide resection and amputation in 2 and 1 case, respectively; at the last follow-up all patients were apparently without any evidence of disease except for three patients who had stable lung metastases. DISCUSSION In case of GCT during pregnancy, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to offer the patients the best treatment in terms of mother and child's health. A correct diagnosis is necessary and not confusing tumor symptoms with ones of pregnancy is mandatory in order not to delay the diagnosis and let the tumor progress. Actually, even though pregnancy would seem to promote GCT growth and aggressiveness, the relationship is not clear. More studies are necessary to clarify this interesting aspect. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia M Formica
- Hand and Microsurgery Unit, Jewish Hospital, Via Fulda, 14, 00148 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Bruno
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scotto Di Uccio
- School of General Surgery, General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Umberto I Polyclinic of Rome, Sapienza University, Viale del Policlinico, 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Cocca
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of General Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Orthopedics, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 3, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department. IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of General Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Orthopedics, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 3, 00185 Rome, Italy; Oncological Orthopaedics Department. IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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Passeri T, Giammattei L, Le Van T, Abbritti R, Perrier A, Wong J, Bourneix C, Polivka M, Adle-Biassette H, Bernat AL, Masliah-Planchon J, Mandonnet E, Froelich S. Atypical evolution of meningiomatosis after discontinuation of cyproterone acetate: clinical cases and histomolecular characterization. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:255-263. [PMID: 34613529 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-021-05005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The long-term use of cyproterone acetate (CPA) is associated with an increased risk of developing intracranial meningiomas. CPA discontinuation most often induces a stabilization or regression of the tumor. The underlying biological mechanisms as well as the reasons why some meningiomas still grow after CPA discontinuation remain unknown. We reported a series of patients presenting CPA-induced meningiomatosis with opposed tumor evolutions following CPA discontinuation, highlighting the underlying histological and genetic features. METHODS Patients presenting several meningiomas with opposite tumor evolution (coexistence of growing and shrinking tumors) following CPA discontinuation were identified. Clinical and radiological data were reviewed. A retrospective volumetric analysis of the meningiomas was performed. All the growing meningiomas were operated. Each operated tumor was characterized by histological and genetic analyses. RESULTS Four women with multiple meningiomas and opposite tumor volume evolutions after CPA discontinuation were identified. Histopathological analysis characterized the convexity and tentorial tumors which continued to grow after CPA discontinuation as fibroblastic meningiomas. The decreasing skull base tumor was characterized as a fibroblastic meningioma with increased fibrosis and a widespread collagen formation. The two growing skull base meningiomas were identified as meningothelial and transitional meningiomas. The molecular characterization found two NF2 mutations among the growing meningiomas and a PIK3CA mutation in the skull base tumor which decreased. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report describing an atypical tumor evolution of CPA-associated meningiomas after CPA discontinuation. The underlying biological mechanisms explaining this observation and especially the close relationship between mutational landscapes and embryologic origins of the meninges in CPA-related meningiomas as well as their clonal origin require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Passeri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France.
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
| | - Lorenzo Giammattei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tuan Le Van
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rosaria Abbritti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jennifer Wong
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Marc Polivka
- Department of Anatomopathology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Homa Adle-Biassette
- Department of Anatomopathology, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laure Bernat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Froelich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, University of Paris, Paris, France
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Fréchou M, Zhu X, Kumar N, Sitruk-Ware R, Schumacher M, Mattern C, Guennoun R. Sex differences in the cerebroprotection by Nestorone intranasal delivery following stroke in mice. Neuropharmacology 2021; 198:108760. [PMID: 34437904 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that intranasal delivery of progesterone offers a good bioavailability and neuroprotective efficacy after experimental stroke. We have also demonstrated that progesterone receptors (PR) are essential for cerebroprotection by endogenous progesterone and by progesterone treatment. The identification of PR as a potential drug target for stroke therapy opens new therapeutic indications for selective synthetic progestins. Nestorone® (16-methylene-17α-acetoxy-19-nor-pregn-4-ene-3, 20-dione, also known as segesterone acetate) is a 19-norprogesterone derivative that more potently targets PR than progesterone. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cerebroprotective efficiency of intranasal administration of Nestorone after middle cerebral occlusion (MCAO) in mice. We show here that intranasal administration is a very efficient route to achieve a preferential delivery of Nestorone to the brain and confers a slow elimination and a sustained bioavailability. Furthermore, intranasal administration of Nestorone (at 0.08 mg/kg) improved the functional outcomes and decreased the ischemic lesion in male but not in female mice at 48 h post MCAO. Use of PRNesCre mice, selectively lacking expression of PR in neural cells, and their control PRloxP/loxP littermates showed that the cerebroprotective effects of Nestorone in male mice depended on neural PR as they were not observed in PRNesCre mice. Our findings show that intranasal delivery of Nestorone may be an efficient strategy to promote recovery after stroke in males and confirm the key role of PR in cerebroprotection. Furthermore, they point to sex differences in the response to Nestorone treatment and emphasize the necessity to include males and females in experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Fréchou
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80 Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80 Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Narender Kumar
- Population Council, Rockefeller University, New York, USA.
| | | | - Michael Schumacher
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80 Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - Claudia Mattern
- M et P Pharma AG, Schynweg 7, P.O.Box 11, 6376, Emmetten, Switzerland.
| | - Rachida Guennoun
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Saclay, 80 Rue Du Général Leclerc, 94276, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
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Szukiewicz D, Stangret A, Ruiz-Ruiz C, Olivares EG, Soriţău O, Suşman S, Szewczyk G. Estrogen- and Progesterone (P4)-Mediated Epigenetic Modifications of Endometrial Stromal Cells (EnSCs) and/or Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) in the Etiopathogenesis of Endometriosis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1174-1193. [PMID: 33411206 PMCID: PMC8316205 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common chronic inflammatory condition in which endometrial tissue appears outside the uterine cavity. Because ectopic endometriosis cells express both estrogen and progesterone (P4) receptors, they grow and undergo cyclic proliferation and breakdown similar to the endometrium. This debilitating gynecological disease affects up to 15% of reproductive aged women. Despite many years of research, the etiopathogenesis of endometrial lesions remains unclear. Retrograde transport of the viable menstrual endometrial cells with retained ability for attachment within the pelvic cavity, proliferation, differentiation and subsequent invasion into the surrounding tissue constitutes the rationale for widely accepted implantation theory. Accordingly, the most abundant cells in the endometrium are endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs). These cells constitute a particular population with clonogenic activity that resembles properties of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). Thus, a significant role of stem cell-based dysfunction in formation of the initial endometrial lesions is suspected. There is increasing evidence that the role of epigenetic mechanisms and processes in endometriosis have been underestimated. The importance of excess estrogen exposure and P4 resistance in epigenetic homeostasis failure in the endometrial/endometriotic tissue are crucial. Epigenetic alterations regarding transcription factors of estrogen and P4 signaling pathways in MSCs are robust in endometriotic tissue. Thus, perspectives for the future may include MSCs and EnSCs as the targets of epigenetic therapies in the prevention and treatment of endometriosis. Here, we reviewed the current known changes in the epigenetic background of EnSCs and MSCs due to estrogen/P4 imbalances in the context of etiopathogenesis of endometriosis. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of General & Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stangret
- Department of General & Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carmen Ruiz-Ruiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Avenida de la Investigación, 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Enrique G. Olivares
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Avenida de la Investigación, 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Olga Soriţău
- Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă Oncology Institute, 34-36 Republicii St, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sergiu Suşman
- Department of Histology, Iuliu Hatieganu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Grzegorz Szewczyk
- Department of General & Experimental Pathology with Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CEPT), Medical University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 3C, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Bartley SJ, Wu M, Benard V, Ambrosone C, Richardson LC. Are There Regional Differences in Triple Negative Breast Cancer among Non-Hispanic Black Women? J Natl Med Assoc 2021; 113:353-356. [PMID: 32778443 PMCID: PMC11034727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Hispanic black women (NHB) are diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) more often than other ethnic or racial groups in the United States (US). This study describes regional differences in TNBC incidence among NHB women in the US from 2011 to 2015. METHODS We analyzed data from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) that includes incidence data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) programs. RESULTS Compared to the incidence rate for NHB women in the South, rates were significantly lower in the Northeast (22.6 per 100,000), higher in the Midwest (25.5 per 100,000) and similar in the West. These regional differences might be explained by genetic admixture among people with different geographic ancestral origins. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study highlight the need to extend etiological research and evidence-based cancer prevention and control efforts to women at high risk of this disease in order to decrease cancer disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelton J Bartley
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manxia Wu
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vicki Benard
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christine Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lisa C Richardson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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12
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Keelara AG, Satish C, Rudresh HK, Harish K, Kapali AS. Rotter's Lymph Nodes-Do We Really Need to Remove During Axillary Clearance? Indian J Surg Oncol 2021; 12:397-400. [PMID: 34295085 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-021-01332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical management of node positive breast cancer requires axillary dissection. Interpectoral nodes (IPNs) or Rotter's nodes removal is controversial as there is hardly any tissue in this region. IPNs involvement is rarely seen among breast cancer patients. Developing an effective protocol for surgical management of axilla is necessary for uniformity, to reduce the risk of regional recurrence and to avoid the morbidity of interpectoral lymphatic tissue clearance. This study aimed to evaluate the detection of lymph nodes in Rotter's region and positive metastasis rate of IPNs in patients with node positive breast cancer for analyzing the prognostic and therapeutic value of IPN excision during axillary clearance. Fifty-six patients undergoing axillary clearance, aged ≥ 18 years, were studied. Patients with recurrence or those who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. Baseline investigations were done pre-operatively along with core needle biopsy, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki-67 status. Association between IPN status, age, and clinicopathological parameters were assessed by Kruskal Wallis and Chi-square test using R v 3.6.0. P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Majority of patients had upper outer quadrant tumor location (22/56), and the most common histopathological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (46/56). IPNs were identified in 35.71% (20/56) of 56 patients, with metastasis prevalence of 27.27% (9/33 node positive patients). Patients having IPN metastasis had larger tumor size, later TNM classification, lower ER/PR, and higher Ki-67 positivity. Dissection of IPNs can be practiced routinely during axillary clearance and should be subjected to histopathological examination separately.
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13
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Motta CM, Simoniello P, Di Lorenzo M, Migliaccio V, Panzuto R, Califano E, Santovito G. Endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in the oocytes of the Antarctic Emerald rockcod Trematomus bernacchii. Chemosphere 2021; 268:129282. [PMID: 33360142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antarctica has long been considered a continent free from anthropic interference. Unfortunately, recent evidence indicate that metal contamination has gone so far and that its effects are still unknown. For this reason, in the present work, the potential endocrine disrupting effect of two highly polluting metals, copper and cadmium, were examined in the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii. After a 10 days waterborne exposure, ovarian metal uptake was determined by atomic absorption; in parallel, classical histological approaches were adopted to determine the effects on oocyte morphology, carbohydrate composition and presence and localization of progesterone and estrogen receptors. Results show that both metals induce oocyte degeneration in about one third of the previtellogenic oocytes, no matter the stage of development. In apparently healthy oocytes, changes in cytoplasm, cortical alveoli and/or chorion carbohydrates composition are observed. Cadmium but not copper also induces significant changes in the localization of progesterone and beta-estrogen receptors, a result that well correlates with the observed increase in ovarian metals concentrations. In conclusion, the acute modifications detected are suggestive of a significantly impaired fecundity and of a marked endocrine disrupting effects of copper and cadmium in this teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Califano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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14
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Villegas SL, Nekljudova V, Pfarr N, Engel J, Untch M, Schrodi S, Holms F, Ulmer HU, Fasching PA, Weber KE, Albig C, Heinrichs C, Marmé F, Hartmann A, Hanusch C, Schmitt WD, Huober J, Lederer B, van Mackelenbergh M, Tesch H, Jackisch C, Rezai M, Sinn P, Sinn BV, Hackmann J, Kiechle M, Schneeweiss A, Weichert W, Denkert C, Loibl S. Therapy response and prognosis of patients with early breast cancer with low positivity for hormone receptors - An analysis of 2765 patients from neoadjuvant clinical trials. Eur J Cancer 2021; 148:159-170. [PMID: 33743484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate HER2-negative breast cancer (BC) with a low hormone receptor (HR) expression, with regard to pathological complete response (pCR) and survival, in comparison to triple-negative BC (TNBC) and strong HR-positive BC. METHODS We compared negative [oestrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) <1%], low-positive (ER and/or PR 1-9%) and strong-positive (ER or PR 10-100%) HR-expression in neoadjuvant clinical trial cohorts (n = 2765) of BC patients. End-points were disease-free survival (DFS), distant-disease free survival (DDFS) and overall survival (OS). We performed RNA sequencing on available tumour tissue samples from patients with low-HR expression (n = 38). RESULTS Ninety-four (3.4%) patients had low HR-positive tumours, 1769 (64.0%) had strong HR-positive tumours, and 902 (32.6%) had TNBC. There were no significant differences in pCR rates between women with low HR-positive tumours (27.7%) and women with TNBC (35.5%). DFS and DDFS were also not different [for DFS, hazard ratio 1.26, 95%-CI (confidence interval) : 0.87-1.83, log-rank test p = 0.951; for DDFS, hazard ratio 1.17, 95%-CI: 0.78-1.76, log-rank test p = 0.774]. Patients with strong HR-positive tumours had a significantly lower pCR rate (pCR 9.4%; odds ratio 0.38, 95%-CI: 0.23-0.63), but better DFS (hazard ratio 0.48, 95%-CI: 0.33-0.70) and DDFS (hazard ratio 0.49, 95%-CI: 0.33-0.74) than patients with low HR-positive tumours. Molecular subtyping (RNA sequencing) of low HR-positive tumours classified these predominantly into a basal subtype (86.8%). CONCLUSION Low HR-positive, HER2-negative tumours have a similar clinical behaviour to TNBC showing high pCR rates and poor survival and also a basal-like gene expression signature. Patients with low HR-positive tumours should be regarded as candidates for therapy strategies targeting TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia L Villegas
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Pfarr
- Institute of General and Surgical Pathology of the Technical University of Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jutta Engel
- Munich Cancer Registry (MCR), Bavarian Cancer Registry - Regional Centre Munich (LGL) at the University Hospital of Munich, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Untch
- Breast Cancer Center, HELIOS Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Schrodi
- Munich Cancer Registry (MCR), Bavarian Cancer Registry - Regional Centre Munich (LGL) at the University Hospital of Munich, Institute of Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karsten E Weber
- German Breast Group (GBG Forschungs GmbH), Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | - Christian Albig
- Institute of General and Surgical Pathology of the Technical University of Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Frederik Marmé
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang D Schmitt
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Huober
- Department of Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bianca Lederer
- German Breast Group (GBG Forschungs GmbH), Neu-Isenburg, Germany
| | | | - Hans Tesch
- Oncology Practice at Bethanien Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno V Sinn
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - John Hackmann
- Department of Gynecology, Marien Hospital Witten, Witten, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich (CCCM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of General and Surgical Pathology of the Technical University of Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Philipps-University Marburg and University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - Sibylle Loibl
- German Breast Group (GBG Forschungs GmbH), Neu-Isenburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Progesterone acts on neurons directly by activating its receptor and through metabolic conversion to neurosteroids. There is emerging evidence that progesterone exerts excitatory effects by activating its cognate receptors (progesterone receptors, PRs) through enhanced expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPARs). Progesterone metabolite 5α,3α-tetrahydro-progesterone (allopregnanolone, THP) mediates its anxiolytic and sedative actions through the potentiation of synaptic and extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid type-A receptors (GABAARs). Here, we review progesterone's neuromodulatory actions exerted through PRs and THP and their opposing role in regulating seizures, catamenial epilepsy, and seizure exacerbation associated with progesterone withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Kapur
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia-HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia-HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States; UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia-HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States
| | - Suchitra Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia-HSC, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, United States.
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16
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Mohanty SS. Correlation of expression of hormone and HER2 receptors with various clinico-pathological prognostic parameters and with each other in malignant breast lesion. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 50:151659. [PMID: 33249360 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) are basic breast cancer molecular markers that are also best recognized prognostic factors and predictors of type of targeted therapy to be given. The objectives are to study the correlation of expression of hormone and HER2receptors with various clinico-pathological prognostic parameters like patient's age at diagnosis, menopausal status, tumor size, histological grade and lymph node status of tumor and with each other in malignant breast lesion. METHODS For this study histopathology (HP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides of excised specimens of 330 female patients with a palpable breast lump deposited to the pathology department of a hospital as a part of routine diagnostic procedure, were evaluated under the guidance of trained doctors who have minimum 5 years of experience in oncopathology. The author has no direct involvement with patients, informed consent was not necessary and data were collected after getting permission from concerned authority. RESULTS This study finds significant relationship between hormone receptors and all clinico-pathological prognostic parameters taken for comparison except age at diagnosis. HER2 status has significant relationship with all clinico-pathological prognostic parameters; hormone and HER2 status suggests an inverse relationship. CONCLUSIONS Mien of hormone receptors expression in breast cancer is related with better prognostic factors such as older age, postmenopausal status, smaller tumor size, low histological grade and negative lymph node status, however the opposite is correct for HER2. Hormone receptors and HER2 have an inversely proportionate relationship with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sucharita Mohanty
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, P.G. Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India.
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17
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Kamergorodsky G, Invitti AL, D'Amora P, Parreira RM, Kopelman A, Bonetti TCS, Girão MJBC, Schor E. Progesterone's role in deep infiltrating endometriosis: Progesterone receptor and estrogen metabolism enzymes expression and physiological changes in primary endometrial stromal cell culture. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 505:110743. [PMID: 32004675 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To study progesterone signaling activation, we measured changes in extracellular pH as a reflection of Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) using a cytosensor microphysiometer and assessed progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen metabolism enzymes mRNA expression in cultured endometrial cells from women with deep infiltrating endometriosis and healthy controls using real-time quantitative PCR. This study was conducted at a University hospital and included patients with and without deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). Primary endometrial stromal cells (ECs) from women with DIE and controls were treated with 17β-estradiol and progesterone prior to microphysiometer measurements and qPCR evaluations. Decreased progesterone responsiveness and decreased total nuclear PR and HSD17B1 mRNA expression were observed in cultured ECs from women with deep infiltrating endometriosis relative to those from control samples before and after hormone treatment. These cells also showed increased 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases types 2 (HSD17B2) relative to control group and increased expression of aromatase (CYP19) after exposure to progesterone. These physiological and expression patterns observed in ECs cultures from women with DIE reinforces previous findings in the literature supporting the progesterone resistance hypothesis in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Kamergorodsky
- Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis Unit - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana L Invitti
- Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paulo D'Amora
- Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Parreira
- Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander Kopelman
- Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis Unit - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; General Gynecology Discipline - Gynecology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C S Bonetti
- Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel J B C Girão
- General Gynecology Discipline - Gynecology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Schor
- Pelvic Pain and Endometriosis Unit - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Cellular and Molecular Gynecology Laboratory - Gynecology Department - Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Bunma T, Vonnahme KA, Vasquez-Hidalgo MA, Swanson KC, Dorsam ST, Ward AK, Navanukrav C, Grazul-Bilska AT. Nuclear and membrane progesterone receptors expression in placenta from early to late pregnancy in sheep: Effects of restricted nutrition and realimentation. Theriogenology 2020; 148:95-102. [PMID: 32169627 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient restriction and/or realimentation may affect several placental functions, such as expression of selected regulatory factors, blood flow and other processes in sheep and other species. To determine the effects of the plane of nutrition, nulliparous white face ewes (6-8 months) carrying singletons on day 50 of gestation were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments receiving 100% of National Research Council recommendations (control; C) or 60% of C (restricted; R). Two groups remained on C or R diets from day 50 until day 130. From day 90-130 another group of C fed ewes was switched to the R diet, and another group of R fed ewes was switched to the C diet. This resulted in 7 groups (n = 5-6 ewes/group): C (day 50, 90 and 130), R (day 90 and 130), CR (day 130) and RC (day 130). At these time points, placental tissues were collected for the evaluation of progesterone receptor (PGR) protein expression (whole tissue), and mRNA expression in maternal (caruncular, CAR) and fetal (cotyledon, COT) (separated tissues). Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (SAS 9.4). Protein for PGRAB and PGRB isoforms was detected using immunohistochemistry in all placental tissues, but the pattern of expression differed depending on pregnancy stage and placental compartment (e.g., CAR vs COT). PGRAB protein expression, quantified using image analysis, was greater (P < 0.04) on day 50 than 90 or 130, and was not affected by plane of nutrition. In CAR and COT, PGRAB mRNA expression was greater (P < 0.05) on day 50 than 90 or 130. PGRB mRNA expression was greater (P < 0.03) in CAR on day 50 than 90 and 130, and was greatest (P < 0.02) in COT on day 50, less on day 130, and least on day 90. For the membrane progesterone receptors, PAQR7 (membrane PGR alpha) mRNA expression was greater (P < 0.05) on days 50 and 90 than 130 in CAR, and greater (P < 0.01) on days 50 than 90 and 130 in COT; PAQR8 (membrane PGR beta) was similar throughout pregnancy in CAR and COT, and PAQR5 (membrane PGR gamma) was greatest (P < 0.0001) on day 130 in COT, but similar throughout pregnancy in CAR. Plane of nutrition affected (P < 0.05) mRNA expression for all genes in CAR and COT throughout pregnancy. These data indicate that expression of PGR in ovine placenta is dependent on stage of pregnancy and plane of nutrition in sheep. The mechanisms of how diet and stage of pregnancy influences placental PGR expression and function remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanya Bunma
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ANRCE), Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kimberly A Vonnahme
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | | | - Kendall C Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Sheri T Dorsam
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Alison K Ward
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Chainarong Navanukrav
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ANRCE), Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Anna T Grazul-Bilska
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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19
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González SL, Coronel MF, Raggio MC, Labombarda F. Progesterone receptor-mediated actions and the treatment of central nervous system disorders: An up-date of the known and the challenge of the unknown. Steroids 2020; 153:108525. [PMID: 31634489 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone has been shown to exert a wide range of remarkable protective actions in experimental models of central nervous system injury or disease. However, the intimate mechanisms involved in each of these beneficial effects are not fully depicted. In this review, we intend to give the readers a thorough revision on what is known about the participation of diverse receptors and signaling pathways in progesterone-mediated neuroprotective, pro-myelinating and anti-inflammatory outcomes, as well as point out to novel regulatory mechanisms that could open new perspectives in steroid-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana L González
- Laboratorio de Nocicepción y Dolor Neuropático, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María F Coronel
- Laboratorio de Nocicepción y Dolor Neuropático, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Presidente Perón 1500, B1629AHJ Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Raggio
- Laboratorio de Nocicepción y Dolor Neuropático, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Labombarda
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Neuroendócrina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Pu T, Shui R, Shi J, Liang Z, Yang W, Bu H, Li Q, Zhang Z. External quality assessment (EQA) program for the immunohistochemical detection of ER, PR and Ki-67 in breast cancer: results of an interlaboratory reproducibility ring study in China. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:978. [PMID: 31640622 PMCID: PMC6805628 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An External Quality Assessment (EQA) program was developed to investigate the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki-67 immunohistochemical (IHC) detection in breast cancer and to evaluate the reproducibility of staining and interpretation in 44 pathology laboratories in China. Methods This program was implemented through three specific steps. In study I, three revising centres defined the reference value for 11 sections. In study II, 41 participating centres (PC) stained and interpreted 11 sections by their own daily practice IHC protocols. In study III, all cases received second interpretation opinions. Results The stained slides of 44 laboratories were up to the interpretation standard. The overall interpretation concordance rate of this study was over 90%. A perfect agreement was reached among the PCs for the cases with ER+ and PR+ > 50% and Ki-67 > 30%, whereas a moderate agreement was observed for intermediate categories. After second interpretations, the misclassification rates for ER were reduced by 12.20%, for PR were reduced by 17.07%, and for Ki-67 were reduced by 4.88%. Up to 31 PCs observed a benefit from the second opinion strategy. Conclusions This project is the first EQA study performed on a national scale for assessment of ER, PR and Ki-67 status by IHC in China. In the whole IHC evaluation process, the intermediate categories were less reproducible than those with high expression rates. Second opinions can significantly improve the diagnostic agreement of pathologists’ interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Pu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37#, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruohong Shui
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37#, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, Women's and Children's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37#, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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21
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De Jesus J, Rosa M. Suboptimal concordance in testing and retesting results of triple-negative breast carcinoma cases among laboratories: one institution experience. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:263. [PMID: 31632197 PMCID: PMC6788018 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) patients do not benefit from hormone- or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2- (HER2-) targeted therapies. Accurate testing is pivotal for these patients. Methods TNBC cases that were retested at our institution during a 3-year period were evaluated for concordance rates in estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor and HER2 results. Results We found 19 (22%) discrepancies (13 major/6 minor) among 86 cases. Minor discrepancies were in HER2 changes by immunohistochemistry, and all cases were demonstrated to be negative by and dual in situ hybridization. All major discrepancies were in ER/PR expression changes. In only 2 cases the treatment changed based on repeated results and/or patient history. Conclusions Discrepancies in prognostic/predictive testing continue to be frequent despite rigorous regulations. However, since for the majority of patients in our setting, the treatment plan did not change, reflex retesting for TNBC has been deemed unnecessary in our institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose De Jesus
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Marilin Rosa
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
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22
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GohariTaban S, Amiri I, Soleimani Asl S, Saidijam M, Yavangi M, Khanlarzadeh E, Mohammadpour N, Shabab N, Artimani T. Abnormal expressions of ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-9 and progesterone receptors are associated with lower oocyte maturation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 299:277-286. [PMID: 30446843 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ADAMTS-1 and 9 play a crucial role in the ovulation and their altered levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to assess ADAMTS-1 and 9 expression and their correlation with the oocyte quality and maturity in the cumulus cells (CCs) of PCOS patients and normovulatory women during an IVF procedure. METHODS Expression of ADAMTS-1 and 9 and progesterone receptors (PRs) in the CCs containing MII and germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes of 37 PCOS patients and 37 women with normal ovulatory function who underwent IVF treatment was evaluated using qRT-PCR. Moreover, correlation between ADAMTS-1 and 9 expression and oocyte quality were also investigated. RESULTS mRNA expression levels of ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-9 were significantly reduced in the women with PCOS compared to the normovulatory women. ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-9 mRNA expression levels in the CCs showed a considerable correlation. Lower expression levels of ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-9 in PCOS patients were strongly correlated with diminished oocyte maturation. There was a remarkable association between ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-9 mRNA expression levels and oocyte quality. PRs (PRA and PRB) were dramatically decreased in PCOS patients when compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicated that ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-9 as well as PRs are downregulated in the human CCs in PCOS patients, which could be associated with impaired oocyte maturation and may result in a lower oocyte recovery and oocyte maturity rates, as well as lower fertilization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide GohariTaban
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Yavangi
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Nooshin Mohammadpour
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Shabab
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tayebe Artimani
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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23
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Sroyraya M, Songkoomkrong S, Changklungmoa N, Poljaroen J, Weerakiet S, Sophonsritsuk A, Wongkularb A, Lertvikool S, Tingthanatikul Y, Sobhon P. Differential expressions of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometria and cyst walls of ovarian endometrioma from women with endometriosis and their responses to depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate treatment. Mol Cell Probes 2018; 40:27-36. [PMID: 30078406 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is an injectable progestin contraceptive that provides a highly effective reduction of pelvic pain in women with endometriosis. Despite its wide use to treat pain associated with endometriosis, its precise mechanisms of action remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the differential expressions of estrogen receptors (ERs), and progesterone receptors (PRs) in endometria and ovarian endometrioma cyst walls of women with endometriosis with and without DMPA treatment. METHODS Endometria and cyst walls of endometrioma were obtained from 25 to 45 year-old women who suffered from endometriosis and had ovarian endometrioma with the size ≥3 cm. The expression levels of ERs and PRs and the numbers of ER- and PR-positive cells before and after treatment with DMPA were evaluated by Western blot, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The levels of ERα and ERβ expression, their corresponding mRNAs, and numbers of ERα- and ERβ-immunoreactive cells in stroma and glands of endometria of the DMPA group were significantly decreased when compared with those of the untreated groups (p < 0.05). In contrast, the levels of PRA/B expression and numbers of PRA/B positive cells in stroma and number of PRB positive cells in stroma and endometrial glands were significantly increased in endometria of the DMPA group when compared with those of the untreated groups. However, in cyst wall the expression levels of these proteins, their corresponding mRNAs, and immonoractive cells were low compared to those in endometria, and DMPA-treatment did not cause any significant changes in these parameters. CONCLUSION These data indicated that DMPA could upregulate the expressions of PRA/B and down-regulate ERα and ERβ in endometria but not in cyst walls from women with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morakot Sroyraya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan, 60130, Thailand
| | | | - Narin Changklungmoa
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand
| | - Jaruwan Poljaroen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan, 60130, Thailand
| | - Sawaek Weerakiet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Areepan Sophonsritsuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Anna Wongkularb
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Srithean Lertvikool
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Yada Tingthanatikul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand.
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24
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Kim YJ, Shin KH, Kim K. Omitting Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Hormone Receptor‒Positive Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Old Age: A Propensity Score Matched SEER Analysis. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 51:326-336. [PMID: 29747486 PMCID: PMC6333997 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2018.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the non-inferiority of omitting radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for hormone receptor (HR)‒positive T1N0 breast cancer in elderly women. Materials and Methods From 2004 to 2014, HR-positive T1N0 breast cancer patients aged 50 years or older and receiving BCS were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database. After propensity score matching between the no-RT and RT groups, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Identified prognostic factors were used to stratify the risk groups. In each risk group, 10-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were compared between the no-RT and RT groups. Results After propensity score matching, the numbers of patients in the no-RT and RT groups were both 18,586. For patients who satisfied both a tumor size of 1-10 mm and a tumor grade of 1-2, omitting RT did not decrease the CSS rate at any age group, ranging from ≥ 50 to ≥ 85 years; for patients aged ≥ 50 years, the 10-year CSS rates in the no-RT and RT groups were 97.2% and 96.8%, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.862; p=0.312). However, for patients with a tumor size of 11-20 mm or tumor grade of 3-4, RT significantly increased the CSS rate irrespective of age. Conclusion RT after BCS for HR-positive T1N0 breast cancer in elderly women might be omitted without causing a decrease in the CSS rate, but only in patients who satisfy both a small tumor size (≤ 10 mm) and low tumor grade (1-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Shin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyubo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Ahn S, Kim HJ, Kim M, Chung YR, Kang E, Kim EK, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim JH, Kim IA, Park SY. Negative Conversion of Progesterone Receptor Status after Primary Systemic Therapy Is Associated with Poor Clinical Outcome in Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2018; 50:1418-1432. [PMID: 29361816 PMCID: PMC6192918 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2017.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Alteration of biomarker status after primary systemic therapy (PST) is occasionally found in breast cancer. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical implications of change of biomarker status in breast cancer patients treated with PST. Materials and Methods The pre-chemotherapeutic biopsy and post-chemotherapeutic resection specimens of 442 breast cancer patients who had residual disease after PST were included in this study. The association between changes of biomarker status after PST and clinicopathologic features of tumors, and survival of the patients, were analyzed. Results Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status changed after PST in 18 (4.1%), 80 (18.1%), and 15 (3.4%) patients,respectively. ER and PR mainly underwent positive to negative conversion,whereas HER2 status underwent negative to positive conversion. Negative conversion of ER and PR status after PST was associated with reduced disease-free survival. Moreover, a decline in the Allred score for PR in post-PST specimens was significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of the patients. HER2 change did not have prognostic significance. In multivariate analyses, negative PR status after PST was found to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in the whole patient group, in the adjuvant endocrine therapy-treated subgroup, and also in pre-PST PR positive subgroup. Conclusion ER and HER2 status changed little after PST, whereas PR status changed significantly. In particular, negative conversion of PR status was revealed as a poor prognostic indicator, suggesting that re-evaluation of basic biomarkers is mandatory in breast cancer after PST for proper management and prognostication of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Milim Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yul Ri Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Department of Surgery,Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery,Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yu Jung Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - In Ah Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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26
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Grazul-Bilska AT, Thammasiri J, Kraisoon A, Reyaz A, Bass CS, Kaminski SL, Navanukraw C, Redmer DA. Expression of progesterone receptor protein in the ovine uterus during the estrous cycle: Effects of nutrition, arginine and FSH. Theriogenology 2017; 108:7-15. [PMID: 29175682 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate expression of progesterone receptor (PGR) AB in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-treated or non-treated sheep administered with arginine (Arg) or saline (Sal) fed a control (C), excess (O) or restricted (U) diet, uterine tissues were collected at the early, mid and/or late luteal phases. In exp. 1, ewes from each diet were randomly assigned to one of two treatments, Arg or Sal administration three times daily from day 0 of the first estrous cycle until uterine tissue collection. In exp. 2, ewes were injected twice daily with FSH on days 13-15 of the first estrous cycle. Uterine tissues were immunostained to detect PGR followed by image analysis. PGR were detected in luminal epithelium (LE), endometrial glands (EG), endometrial stroma (ES), myometrium (Myo), and endometrial and myometrial blood vessels. The percentage of PR-positive cells and/or intensity of staining were affected by phase of the estrous cycle, plane of nutrition, and/or FSH but not by Arg. In exp. 1, percentage of PGR-positive cells in LE and EG but not in ES and Myo was greater at the early and mid than late luteal phase, was not affected by plane of nutrition, and was similar in LE and EG. Intensity of staining was affected by phase of the estrous cycle and plane of nutrition in LE, EG and Myo, and was the greatest in LE, less in EG, and least in ES and Myo. In exp. 2, percentage of PGR-positive cells in LE, EG, ES and Myo was affected by phase of the estrous cycle, but not by plane of nutrition; was greater at the early than mid luteal phase; and was greatest in LE and EG, less in luminal (superficial) ES and Myo and least in deep ES. Intensity of staining was affected by phase of the estrous cycle and plane of nutrition in all compartments but ES, and was the greatest in LE and luminal EG, less in deep EG, and least in ES and Myo. Comparison of data for FSH (superovulated) and Sal-treated (non-superovulated) ewes demonstrated that FSH affected PR expression in all evaluated uterine compartments depending on plane of nutrition and phase of the estrous cycle. Thus, PGR are differentially distributed in uterine compartments, and PGR expression is affected by nutritional plane and FSH, but not Arg depending on phase of the estrous cycle. Such changes in dynamics of PGR expression indicate that diet plays a regulatory role and that FSH-treatment may alter uterine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna T Grazul-Bilska
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
| | - Jiratti Thammasiri
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ABRCSE), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aree Kraisoon
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ABRCSE), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Arshi Reyaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Casie S Bass
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Samantha L Kaminski
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Chainarong Navanukraw
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ABRCSE), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Dale A Redmer
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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Wang F, Liu L, Cui S, Tian F, Fan Z, Geng C, Cao X, Yang Z, Wang X, Liang H, Wang S, Jiang H, Duan X, Wang H, Li G, Wang Q, Zhang J, Jin F, Tang J, Li L, Zhu S, Zuo W, Ma Z, Zhou F, Yu L, Xiang Y, Li L, Shen S, Yu Z. Distinct Effects of Body Mass Index and Waist/Hip Ratio on Risk of Breast Cancer by Joint Estrogen and Progestogen Receptor Status: Results from a Case-Control Study in Northern and Eastern China and Implications for Chemoprevention. Oncologist 2017; 22:1431-1443. [PMID: 28912152 PMCID: PMC5728030 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a consideration in the pharmacologic intervention for estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer risk. This case‐control study among women in Northern and Eastern China was conducted to clarify the possible associations between both general and central obesity and breast cancer risk. Background. Obesity is a consideration in the pharmacologic intervention for estrogen receptor (ER) positive (ER+) breast cancer risk. Body mass index (BMI) and waist/hip ratio (WHR) have demonstrated different effects on breast cancer risk in relation to estrogen receptor (ER) status, but the results have been inconsistent. Furthermore, the situation in Chinese women remains unclear. Materials and Methods. We conducted a case‐control study including 1,439 breast cancer cases in Northern and Eastern China. Both ER and progesterone receptor (PR) statuses were available for 1,316 cases. Associations between body size‐related factors and breast cancer risk defined by receptor status were assessed by multiple polytomous unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results. Body mass index and WHR were positively associated with overall breast cancer risk. Body mass index was positively associated with both ER+/PR positive (PR+) and ER negative (ER−)/PR negative(PR−) subtype risks, although only significantly for ER+/PR+ subtype. Waist–hip ratio was only positively correlated with ER−/PR− subtype risk, although independent of BMI. Body mass index was positively associated with risk of ER+/PR+ and ER−/PR− subtypes in premenopausal women, whereas WHR was inversely correlated with ER+/PR− and positively with ER−/PR− subtype risks. Among postmenopausal women, WHR >0.85 was associated with increased risk of ER−/PR− subtype. Conclusion. Both general and central obesity contribute to breast cancer risk, with different effects on specific subtypes. General obesity, indicated by BMI, is more strongly associated with ER+/PR+ subtype, especially among premenopausal women, whereas central obesity, indicated by WHR, is more specific for ER−/PR− subtype, independent of menopausal status. These results suggest that different chemoprevention strategies may be appropriate in selected individuals. Implications for Practice. The results of this study suggest that general and central obesity may play different roles in different breast cancer subtypes, supporting the hypothesis that obesity affects breast carcinogenesis via complex molecular interconnections, beyond the impact of estrogens. The results also imply that different chemoprevention strategies may be appropriate for selected individuals, highlighting the need to be particularly aware of women with a high waist/hip ratio but normal body mass index. Given the lack of any proven pharmacologic intervention for estrogen receptor negative breast cancer, stricter weight‐control measures may be advised in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shude Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuguo Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuizhi Geng
- Breast Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuchen Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenlin Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchuan Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuening Duan
- Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Center, Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolou Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qitang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiguang Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshu Zuo
- Breast Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongbing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Xiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuohao Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Koleva-Kolarova RG, Oktora MP, Robijn AL, Greuter MJW, Reyners AKL, Buskens E, de Bock GH. Increased life expectancy as a result of non-hormonal targeted therapies for HER2 or hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 55:16-25. [PMID: 28288388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This article aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of non-hormonal targeted therapies (TTs) in terms of increase of median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched relevant randomized controlled trials and extracted data about number of patients on targeted and comparator therapy, receptor status, line of treatment, median PFS and OS, p values, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Inverse variance was used to estimate pooled HRs, chi-square test for heterogeneity and Jadad scale for quality were applied. Thirty-eight studies (n=17,192 patients) were eligible for inclusion. TTs added 3.3months to the median PFS [0.7-9.6; HRs 0.74, 95% CI 0.71-0.77] of receptor-positive MBC patients and prolonged their median OS with 3.5months [0-4.7; HRs 0.90, 95% CI 0.82-0.98]. The highest increase in median PFS of 3.6months was found in HER2-/hormone receptor(HR)+ patients, while the highest increase in median OS of 7.2months was observed in HER2+/HRmixed status patients. First-line TTs were most effective in increasing the median PFS in the HR+/HER2- group with 2.0months, and in the HER2+/HRmixed group by adding 4.7months to the median OS. Second-line TTs were most effective for HER2-/HR+ patients by adding 2.6months to their PFS, and for HER2+/HRmixed patients by adding 3.1months to their median OS. Albeit small, the gain in months of median PFS and median OS was significant. Importantly, the results reported show large variation, and thus routinely applying a personalized approach seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rositsa G Koleva-Kolarova
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, Division of Health and Social Care Research, King's College London, Guy's, AH 3.2, SE1 1UL London, United Kingdom.
| | - Monika P Oktora
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Annelies L Robijn
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcel J W Greuter
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna K L Reyners
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Erik Buskens
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Geertruida H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The search for novel prognostic and predictive parameters in breast carcinoma is relentless. The new technological advances in gene expression profiling and in mutational analysis will hopefully prove to be clinically useful in informing the choice for the systemic therapy. For the time being, we are still relying in established immunohistochemical markers, namely estrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2 and Ki67. Advances in the harmonization of pre-analytical, analytical and interpretative variables may improve accuracy and reproducibility of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Viale
- University of Milan, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
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30
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Abstract
An acute injection of estradiol benzoate (EB) to the ovariectomized (OVX) rat activates low levels of lordosis, and subsequent progesterone (P) administration augments lordosis and recruits a complete pattern of sexual behavior including appetitive behaviors (e.g., hops/darts and solicitations). However, repeated injections of 5μg or 10μg EB (but not 2μg EB), administered every 4days to sexually-experienced OVX rats results in a behavioral sensitization, such that lordosis quotients (LQs) and appetitive behaviors progressively increase. We have shown that adrenal P does not play a critical role because behavioral sensitization to EB is not prevented by adrenalectomy. Here we tested whether P receptors play a role by examining the effect of chronic administration of the P receptor antagonist RU486 at a dose that reliably inhibits sexual behavior in fully primed OVX rats. Females were treated with EB (5 or 10μg), and 5mg RU486 dissolved in 0.4mL vehicle (VEH; 80% sesame oil, 15% benzyl benzoate, 5% benzyl alcohol) 48h and 5h prior to each of 7 tests, respectively, occurring at 4-day intervals in unilevel 4-hole pacing chambers. Control animals were treated with 2, 5, or 10μg EB+VEH. As expected, sensitization did not occur in females treated with 2μg EB+VEH, and those females received fewer intromissions and ejaculations than all other groups. RU486 did not prevent the sensitization of LQ, moderate and high lordosis magnitudes (LM2 and LM3) or appetitive sexual behaviors on early tests, and in fact potentiated appetitive behaviors, LQ, LM2 and LM3, consistent with its facilitative actions in females treated with EB-alone, as we and others have reported previously. However, despite the initial facilitation, blocking P receptors by chronic administration of RU486 inhibited the maintenance of behavioral sensitization to EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Jones
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
| | - J Gardner Gregory
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - J G Pfaus
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
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31
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Ahn HJ, Jung SJ, Kim TH, Oh MK, Yoon HK. Differences in Clinical Outcomes between Luminal A and B Type Breast Cancers according to the St. Gallen Consensus 2013. J Breast Cancer 2015; 18:149-59. [PMID: 26155291 PMCID: PMC4490264 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2015.18.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive luminal B type comprises estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and HER2-positive cancers, and HER2-negative luminal B type comprises ER-positive cancers showing a Ki-67 labeling index ≥14% or progesterone receptor (PR) expression of <20% according to the St. Gallen consensus 2013. The current study aimed to classify intrinsic subtypes according to the St. Gallen consensus 2013 and determine the differences in clinicopathological parameters and survival outcomes among the molecular types, especially among the luminal types. Methods Assessment of molecular types was performed for 267 invasive ductal carcinomas. The differences in clinicopathological parameters, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) among the molecular types were analyzed. Results The luminal B type was the most prevalent, at 44.9%, followed by the luminal A, triple-negative (including basal-like type), and HER2 type, at 21.7%, 18.7%, and 14.6%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in size (p=0.003), nodal status (p=0.046), histologic grade (p<0.001), p53 (p<0.001) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) positivity (p=0.002), recurrence (p=0.001) and death rates (p=0.036), DFS (p=0.002), and OS (p=0.039) among the molecular types. Significant differences in size (p=0.009), nodal metastasis (p=0.019), histologic grade (p<0.001), p53 positivity (p=0.001), and PR expression (p<0.001) were noted between the luminal A and B types. Among the luminal B type cancers, the distributions of ER and PR scores showed significant differences (p=0.003, p=0.003). p53 positivity in the luminal B type cancers was related to shortened DFS (p=0.034). In luminal type cancers, COX-2 positivity was related to longer DFS (p=0.026). Conclusion Different management guidelines should be considered for the luminal A and luminal B breast cancer types. Positive p53 expression in luminal B type cancers and negative COX-2 expression in luminal type cancers seem to be related to poor clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Jung
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Oh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyoung Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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López-Lezama JC, Cabeza M, Mayorga I, Soriano J, Sainz T, Bratoeff E. Effect of carbamates on mRNA encoding lipid enzymes in hamster flank organs. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:320-6. [PMID: 24497156 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Flank organs are an androgen-dependent pilosebaceous complex present in male and female hamsters. These organs have been used for the evaluation of antiandrogenic drugs, which could be used for the treatment of androgen-dependent afflictions. This study demonstrated the role of four different steroidal carbamates 7-10 in the expression of mRNAs coding for different enzymes involved in the lipid metabolism in flank organs. To determine the biological effects of compounds 7-10 on the expression of mRNA coding for lipid enzymes, steroids 7-10, testosterone (T), progesterone (P), and/or 7-10 were applied on the flank organs. Later, the mRNA expression for the enzymes was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The binding of 8 and 9 to the progesterone receptor (PR) as well as their effects on the activity of 5α-reductase were also evaluated. Treatments with T, P, and 7-10 increased the mRNA expression for glycerol 3-phosphate acyl transferase (GPAT), β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA-S), β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA-R), phosphatidylinositol synthase (PI-S), and squalene-synthase (SQ-S). However, the combined treatments with P + 7-10 decreased the expression of GPAT, HMG-CoA-S, and HMG-CoA-R. Expression of mRNA for all enzymes was variable under treatment with T + 7-10. Data showed that these carbamates did not bind to the PR, but inhibited the activity of 5α-reductase. Carbamates 7-10 changed the mRNA expression model induced by T and P in flank organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C López-Lezama
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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33
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Lee HC, Ko H, Seol H, Noh DY, Han W, Kim TY, Im SA, Park IA. Expression of Immunohistochemical Markers before and after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Carcinoma, and Their Use as Predictors of Response. J Breast Cancer 2013; 16:395-403. [PMID: 24454461 PMCID: PMC3893341 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2013.16.4.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose For patients with breast carcinoma, immunohistochemical markers are important factors in determining the breast cancer subtype and for establishing a therapeutic plan, including the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). However, it is not clear whether the expression of certain markers changes after NACT. Methods We assessed estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki-67, p53, and Bcl-2 expression in specimens from 345 breast cancer cases before and after NACT. We analyzed the association between response to NACT and the expression of the markers in pre-NACT specimens. We also compared the expression between pre- and post-NACT specimens. Results ER and PR expression was negatively associated with pathological complete response (pCR). HER2 was associated with pCR in all cases, but the association was lost when the cases were subdivided according to hormone receptor status. The pre-NACT tumor size of cases with pCR after NACT was smaller than that of cases with residual disease. HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancers were more likely to achieve pCR than luminal A type cancers. PR expression and the Ki-67 index decreased after NACT. A decrease in the Ki-67 index was also demonstrated in hormone receptor positive and HER2-enriched subtypes, but no similar tendency was observed in the triple-negative subtype. Conclusion A patient with breast cancer scheduled for NACT should be assessed for the breast cancer subtype, as this will influence the treatment plans for the patient. The expression of PR and Ki-67 after NACT should be interpreted carefully because NACT tends to reduce the expression of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Chang Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyoungsuk Ko
- Department of Pathology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyesil Seol
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Young Noh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonshik Han
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-You Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seock-Ah Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ae Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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34
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Schumacher M, Mattern C, Ghoumari A, Oudinet JP, Liere P, Labombarda F, Sitruk-Ware R, De Nicola AF, Guennoun R. Revisiting the roles of progesterone and allopregnanolone in the nervous system: resurgence of the progesterone receptors. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 113:6-39. [PMID: 24172649 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone is commonly considered as a female reproductive hormone and is well-known for its role in pregnancy. It is less well appreciated that progesterone and its metabolite allopregnanolone are also male hormones, as they are produced in both sexes by the adrenal glands. In addition, they are synthesized within the nervous system. Progesterone and allopregnanolone are associated with adaptation to stress, and increased production of progesterone within the brain may be part of the response of neural cells to injury. Progesterone receptors (PR) are widely distributed throughout the brain, but their study has been mainly limited to the hypothalamus and reproductive functions, and the extra-hypothalamic receptors have been neglected. This lack of information about brain functions of PR is unexpected, as the protective and trophic effects of progesterone are much investigated, and as the therapeutic potential of progesterone as a neuroprotective and promyelinating agent is currently being assessed in clinical trials. The little attention devoted to the brain functions of PR may relate to the widely accepted assumption that non-reproductive actions of progesterone may be mainly mediated by allopregnanolone, which does not bind to PR, but acts as a potent positive modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A) receptors. The aim of this review is to critically discuss effects of progesterone on the nervous system via PR, and of allopregnanolone via its modulation of GABA(A) receptors, with main focus on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schumacher
- UMR 788 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | - C Mattern
- M et P Pharma AG, Emmetten, Switzerland
| | - A Ghoumari
- UMR 788 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - J P Oudinet
- UMR 788 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - P Liere
- UMR 788 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - F Labombarda
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental and University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Sitruk-Ware
- Population Council and Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - A F De Nicola
- Instituto de Biologia y Medicina Experimental and University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Guennoun
- UMR 788 Inserm and University Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Cho YA, Sung MK, Yeon JY, Ro J, Kim J. Prognostic role of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and leptin levels according to breast cancer subtype. Cancer Res Treat 2013; 45:210-9. [PMID: 24155680 PMCID: PMC3804733 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2013.45.3.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inflammation within the tumor microenvironment has been reported to show an association with poor prognosis in breast cancer. However, the associations may differ according to breast cancer subtype. In this study, we investigated the association between inflammation-related markers and breast cancer recurrence according to patients' tumor subtypes. Materials and Methods This prospective study included 240 patients who underwent surgery for management of newly diagnosed breast cancer. Levels of inflammation-related markers (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 [MCP-1], leptin, and adiponectin) were measured at diagnosis, and the associations between these markers and breast cancer recurrence during a six-year follow-up period were examined using the Kaplan-Meier statistical method. Results Overall, inflammation-related markers showed no association with breast cancer recurrence. However, when data were stratified by tumor subtype, higher levels of some mediators showed an association with poor prognosis among patients with particular subtypes. Compared to patients without recurrence, patients with recurrence had higher levels of circulating IL-6 (p=0.024) and IL-8 (p=0.016) only among those with HER2- tumors and had higher levels of leptin (p=0.034) only among those with estrogen receptor (ER)+/progesterone receptor (PR)+ tumors. Results of survival analyses revealed an association of high levels of IL-6 (p=0.016) and IL-8 (p=0.022) with poor recurrence-free survival in patients with HER2- tumors. In addition, higher leptin levels indicated shorter recurrence-free survival time only among patients with ER+/PR+ tumors (p=0.022). Conclusion We found that certain cytokines could have a differential prognostic impact on breast cancer recurrence according to breast cancer subtype. Conduct of additional large studies will be required in order to elucidate the precise roles of these cytokines in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ae Cho
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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36
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Pinto AE, Areia F, Pereira T, Cardoso P, Aparício M, Silva GL, Ferreira MC, André S. Clinical relevance of the reappraisal of negative hormone receptor expression in breast cancer. Springerplus 2013; 2:375. [PMID: 24010033 PMCID: PMC3755814 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Accurate assessment of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors is critical in predicting the response to endocrine therapies in breast cancer. Material and methods From a series of 360 patients with breast invasive carcinoma assessed for hormone receptors by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the 90’s, we re-analysed, on the same tumour material, the cases considered negative (n = 164), i.e., ER-/PR- (n = 95), ER+/PR- (n = 63) and ER-/PR+ (n=6), and 16 of 196 ER+/PR+ tumours with unfavourable outcome. Concordance between the previous IHC (Streptavidin-Biotin-Peroxidase) method and the current one (Peroxidase-Indirect-Polymer) was determined by the McNemar’s test. Relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results From 101 ER- and 158 PR- cases, 38 (37.6%) and 58 (36.7%) became positive, increasing ER and PR expression from 71.9% and 56.1% to 82.5% and 72.2%, respectively (P<0.001). All 16 ER+/PR+ cases maintained their co-positivity, while all ER-/PR+ tumours changed to ER positive. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed significant differences related to RFS and OS for PR, either in the whole series or in the subset (n = 151) submitted to hormonal treatment. The patients’ subgroup with ER+/PR- tumours exhibited the worst prognosis. Conclusion The current IHC method improves the clinical usefulness of ER/PR assessment by decreasing the rate of false negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- António E Pinto
- Departamento de Matemática do Instituto Superior Técnico da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Dodiya H, Patel A, Patel D, Kaushal A, Vijay DG. Study of hormone receptors and epidermal growth factor expression in invasive breast cancers in a cohort of Western India. Indian J Clin Biochem 2013; 28:403-9. [PMID: 24426244 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-012-0294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of study was to evaluate and correlate the pathological characteristics of breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/neu) detected by immunohistochemistry and/or fluorescent in situ hybridization method. We have conducted 2 year study of 204 cases of breast cancer at HCG-Medisurge Hospitals, Ahmedabad from 2009 to 2011. Significant correlation was found in ER and PR expression whereas no correlation was found in hormonal receptors and Her2/neu expression. ER and PR positivity increased with advancing age in breast carcinoma patients while not affecting Her2/neu expression. The expression of hormone receptors were higher in infiltrating lobular carcinoma and infiltrating duct carcinoma subtypes of breast carcinoma as compared to other subtypes such medullary and in situ carcinoma. High-grade carcinoma patients were predominantly ER/PR negative and Her2/neu positive as compared to lower grade breast carcinoma whereas high-stage carcinoma patients were ER/PR positive and Her2/neu positive as compared to lower stage breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Dodiya
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Aastha Oncology Associates, HCG-Medisurge Hospitals Private Limited, Ahmedabad, 380006 Gujarat India
| | - Amit Patel
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Aastha Oncology Associates, HCG-Medisurge Hospitals Private Limited, Ahmedabad, 380006 Gujarat India
| | - Dipal Patel
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Aastha Oncology Associates, HCG-Medisurge Hospitals Private Limited, Ahmedabad, 380006 Gujarat India
| | - Ashish Kaushal
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Aastha Oncology Associates, HCG-Medisurge Hospitals Private Limited, Ahmedabad, 380006 Gujarat India
| | - D G Vijay
- Department of Clinical Research and Development, Aastha Oncology Associates, HCG-Medisurge Hospitals Private Limited, Ahmedabad, 380006 Gujarat India
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Saeedi Saedi H, Ghavam Nasiri MR, ShahidSales S, Taghizadeh A, Mohammadian N. Comparison of hormone receptor status in primary and recurrent breast cancer. Iran J Cancer Prev 2012; 5:69-73. [PMID: 25628823 PMCID: PMC4299621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic treatments such as hormone and chemotherapy are selected according to tumor characteristic after major therapeutic approaches such as surgery. This study attempted to analyze and compare the status of Estrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR) in primary and recurrent sites of breast cancer in patients. METHODS We reviewed all medical records of breast cancer women who were treated between January 1995 and December 2008. One hundred eighty two out of 2241 patients (8.12%) had a metastatic breast cancer. Amongst them 48 patients had tumor and biopsy-driven samples, however 13 samples were destroyed and only 35 samples were investigated in this study, therefore 35 malignant biopsy specimens of breast cancer patients were examined by immunohistochemistry essay for ER and PR. Binominal proportional test and Chi square test were conducted to determine the significant correlation between positive cases of hormone receptors among primary and metastases sites. RESULTS Hormone Receptor in the primary tumor (HR1) of 9 patients (25.7%) was positive (ER1 and/or PR1) and in the recurrent areas (HR2) of 8 patients (22.9%) was positive (either ER2 or PR2 positive). Kappa coefficients of diagnostic agreement in primary and recurrent cases were 0.077 and 0.125 for estrogen and progesterone, respectively which indicated that the amount of coefficient of agreement is not considerable between primary and recurrent sites. CONCLUSION The current study indicated that receptor status in recurrent tumors did not pose predictable value based on the analysis of hormone receptors in primary stage, so it is not an appropriate basis to set up therapeutic protocol in the metastatic patients. Therefore, tissue sampling and hormone receptor re-analyzing of metastatic sites should be considered in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeedi Saedi
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Soodabeh ShahidSales
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding Author:
Soodabeh ShahidSales, MD;
Assistant Professor of Radiotherapy and Oncology
Tel: (+98)511 846 15 18
| | - Ali Taghizadeh
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nama Mohammadian
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Qasim BJ, Ali HH, Hussein AG. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in human colorectal adenoma and carcinoma using specified automated cellular image analysis system: a clinicopathological study. Oman Med J 2011; 26:307-14. [PMID: 22125723 PMCID: PMC3215447 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2011.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma and to correlate this immunohistochemical expression with different clinicopathological parameters. METHODS The study was retrospectively designed. A total of 86 tissue samples, including 33 paraffin blocks from patients with colorectal adenomas, 33 paraffin blocks from patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas and a control group of 20 samples of non-tumorous colonic tissue, were included in the study. RESULTS The frequency of expression of ER and PR showed a gradual increase from control through adenoma to carcinoma. The frequencies of expression of ER in the control, adenoma and carcinoma were (10%, 15.15% and 42.42% respectively, p<0.001), while the frequency of expression for PR were (10%, 24.24% and 36.36% respectively, p<0.001). Strong ER and PR staining was mainly seen in carcinoma cases (42.42%, 36.36%, respectively) in comparison with adenoma (9.09%, 15.15%, respectively) and control (0%, 0%, respectively). The three digital parameters of ER and PR immunohistochemical expression (Area [A], Number of objects [N], and intensity [I]) were significantly increased in a sequence of normal mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma. There was a significant positive correlation between ER and PR in adenoma (r=0.312, p=0.034) and carcinoma (r=0.321, p=0.0398). CONCLUSION ER and PR expression increased in a sequence of; normal colonic mucosa-adenoma-carcinoma, and a positive correlation was observed between ER and PR expression in colonic adenoma and carcinoma specimen indicating that ER and PR may play a role in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Jumaa Qasim
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hussam Hasson Ali
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa Ghani Hussein
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Lee SJ, Park S, Ahn HK, Yi JH, Cho EY, Sun JM, Lee JE, Nam SJ, Yang JH, Park YH, Ahn JS, Im YH. Implications of bone-only metastases in breast cancer: favorable preference with excellent outcomes of hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2011; 43:89-95. [PMID: 21811424 PMCID: PMC3138922 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2011.43.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the current study was to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes of "bone-only metastases" in patients with breast cancer and to analyze the impact of hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status on prognosis. Materials and Methods Between 1994 and 2007, of 968 patients with metastatic breast cancer who underwent palliative management at Samsung Medical Center, 565 (57%) relapsed with distant metastases. Of the 968, 146 (15%) had bone-only metastases during a median follow-up period of 75 months. Among the 146 patients with bone-only metastases, 122 (84%) were relapsed patients after curative surgery and 24 (26%) were initially metastatic cases. Results The median time from primary surgery to bone-only metastases of the 122 patients was 37 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 27 to 46 months). Bone-only metastases were more common in the HR-positive group than in the other subtypes (85% for HR+; 8.2% for HER2+; 6.8% for triple negative. Among all 146 patients, 75 (51%) were treated with hormone therapy. The median post-relapse progression-free survival was 15 months (95%CI, 13 to 17 months). The median overall survival was much longer in the HR+ patients than the HER2+ and triple negative breast cancer patients with marginal statistical significance (65 vs. 40 vs. 40 months, p=0.077). Conclusion Breast cancer patients with "bone-only metastases" had excellent clinical outcomes. Further study is now warranted to reveal the underlying biology that regulates the behavior of this indolent tumor, as it should identify 'favorable tumor characteristics' in addition to 'favorable preferential metastatic site.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Noh JM, Choi DH, Huh SJ, Park W, Yang JH, Nam SJ, Im YH, Ahn JS. Patterns of recurrence after breast-conserving treatment for early stage breast cancer by molecular subtype. J Breast Cancer 2011; 14:46-51. [PMID: 21847394 PMCID: PMC3148515 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.1.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study clinical features and patterns of recurrence after breast-conserving treatment (BCT) for three molecular subtypes of early stage breast cancer. Methods The sample studied included 596 patients with T1-2N0-1 breast cancer who received BCT. Three groups were defined by receptor status. Luminal: estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) positive; triple negative (TN): ER, PR, and epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) receptor negative; and HER2 overexpressing: ER and PR negative but HER2 receptor positive. Results The number of patients in each group was 408 (68.5%), 105 (17.6%), and 83 (13.9%), respectively. The median follow-up period was 79 months. The TN and HER2 subtypes occurred in younger patients (p=0.0007) and had higher nuclear grade and poorer histologic grade (p<0.0001 and 0.0071, respectively). During the follow-up period, locoregional recurrence was detected as the first site of recurrence in 26 (6.4%), 11 (10.5%), and 9 (10.8%) patients in the luminal, TN, and HER2 subtypes, respectively (p=0.1924). Thirty-one (7.6%), 7 (6.7%), and 7 (8.4%) patients in each group had distant metastases as the first sign of recurrence (p=0.8996). Median time to locoregional and distant recurrence was shorter in the HER2 subtype (p=0.0889 and 0.0780, respectively), and the HER2 subtype was significantly associated with poor overall survival (p=0.0009). Conclusion After BCT in Korean women with early stage breast cancer, the patterns of recurrence were not different among the molecular subtypes, although the TN and HER2 subtypes were associated with younger age, higher nuclear grade, and poorer histologic grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Myoung Noh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tayyebi Meibodi N, Mahdavi R, Montazer M. Large pelvic cystic mass of mullerian duct origin with involvement of rectal wall: a case report. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2011; 13:149-50. [PMID: 22737454 PMCID: PMC3371917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Tayyebi Meibodi
- Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Correspondence: Naser Tayyebi Meibodi, MD, Associate Professor of Pathology, Imam-Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel.: +98-511-8022234, Fax: +98-511-8591057, E-mail:
| | - R Mahdavi
- Department of Urology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Montazer
- Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Abstract
We report a case of isolated gastrointestinal metastasis from breast lobular carcinoma, which mimicked primary anal cancer. In July 2000, an 88-year-old woman presented with infiltrating lobular cancer (pT1/G2/N2). The patient received postoperative radiotherapy and hormonal therapy. Four years later, she presented with an anal polypoid lesion. The mass was removed for biopsy. Immunohistochemical staining suggested a breast origin. Radiotherapy was chosen for this patient, which resulted in complete regression of the lesion. The patient died 3 years after the first manifestation of gastrointestinal metastasis. According to the current literature, we consider the immunohistochemistry features that are essential to support the suspicion of gastrointestinal breast metastasis, and since we consider the gastrointestinal involvement as a sign of systemic disease, the therapy should be less aggressive and systemic.
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Oh HJ, Chung JK, Kang JH, Kang WJ, Noh DY, Park IA, Jeong JM, Lee DS, Lee MC. The relationship between expression of the sodium/iodide symporter gene and the status of hormonal receptors in human breast cancer tissue. Cancer Res Treat 2005; 37:247-50. [PMID: 19956522 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2005.37.4.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2005] [Accepted: 07/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been reported that the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene is expressed in several breast cancer tissues, suggesting the possibility of radionuclide imaging and therapy. However, the regulatory mechanism of NIS gene expression in breast cancer is not yet understood. To assess the relationship between the hormonal status and the NIS expression in breast cancer tissue, we investigated the NIS expression and correlated it to the expression of the thyrotropin receptor (thyroid stimulating hormone receptor, TSH-R), the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR) in human breast cancer tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer tissues were obtained from 44 patients. Pathological examination showed 2 cases of Grade I, 17 of Grade II, 22 of Grade III, and 3 of unknown grade. We measured the expression of NIS and TSH-R genes by using RT-PCR and we measured the status of ER and PR by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The NIS gene was expressed in 15 (34%) of the 44 breast cancer tissues. The NIS gene was expressed in 32% of the cases with TSH-R gene expression. The NIS gene was expressed in 40% of the breast cancer tissues with a positive PR and in 31% with a negative PR (p>0.05). It was positive for PR in 18% of the cases and negative for PR in 39% of the cases (p>0.05). CONCLUSION The NIS gene is expressed in approximately one-third of the human breast cancer tissues. Its expression was not related to the presence of the TSH-R gene or hormonal receptors, ER and PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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