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Henry S, Carroll M, Murphy KN, Leys L, Markl D, Vanhoorne V, Vervaet C. Semi-crystalline materials for pharmaceutical fused filament fabrication: Dissolution and porosity. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123816. [PMID: 38246479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of crystallization kinetics and the effect on drug product quality characteristics is needed to exploit the use of semi-crystalline polymers in pharmaceutical fused filament fabrication. Filaments were prepared from polycaprolactone or polyethylene oxide loaded with a crystallization inhibitor or inducer, which was either 10% (w/w) ibuprofen or theophylline. A design-of-experiments approach was conducted to investigate the effect of nozzle temperature, bed temperature and print speed on the printed tablets' microstructure and dissolution kinetics. Helium pycnometry derived porosity proved an ideal technique to capture significant distortions in the tablets' microstructure. On the other hand, terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) analysis proved valuable to investigate additional enclosed pores of the tablets' microstructure. The surface roughness was analyzed using optical coherence tomography, showing the importance of extensional viscosity for printed drug products. Drug release occurred via erosion for tablets consisting of polyethylene oxide, which partly reduced the effect of the inner microstructure on the drug release kinetics. An initial burst release effect was noted for polycaprolactone tablets, after which drug release continued via diffusion. Both the pore and crystalline microstructure were deemed essential to steer drug release. In conclusion, this research provided guidelines for material and process choice when a specific microstructure has to be constructed from semi-crystalline materials. In addition, non-destructive tests for the characterization of printed products were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Henry
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Carroll
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - K N Murphy
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Leys
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Markl
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - V Vanhoorne
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C Vervaet
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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2
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Peng B, Shu J, Hou Z, Qian S, Yan B, Zhang B, Zhao Y, Su B, Zhang C. Vibrational spectroscopic detection and analysis of salicylic acid and aspirin binary cocrystal. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123767. [PMID: 38199448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Salicylic acid is a raw material for preparing aspirin and holds an important position in medical history. Studying the crystallization of these two drugs is of great significance in improving their dissolution rate, bioavailability, and physical stability. Although various techniques have been used for structural characterization, there is still a lack of information on the collective vibrational behavior of aspirin and salicylic acid eutectic compounds. Firstly, two starting materials (salicylic acid and aspirin) were ground in a 1:1 M ratio to prepare eutectic compounds. The eutectic composition was studied using vibrational spectroscopy techniques, such as X-ray powder diffusion (XRPD), terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the structure of the aspirin and salicylic acid eutectic was simulated and optimized using density functional theory. It was found that the eutectic type II was the most consistent with the experiment, and the corresponding vibration modes of each peak were provided. These results offer a unique method for characterizing the structural composition of eutectic crystals, which can be utilized to enhance the physical and chemical properties, as well as the pharmacological activity, of specific drugs at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jingyi Shu
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zeyu Hou
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Siyu Qian
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bingxin Yan
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Boyan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bo Su
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Cunlin Zhang
- Department of Physics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Imaging Theory and Technology, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
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3
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Penkov NV. Terahertz spectroscopy as a method for investigation of hydration shells of biomolecules. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:833-849. [PMID: 37974994 PMCID: PMC10643733 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydration of biomolecules is one of the fundamental processes underlying the construction of living matter. The formation of the native conformation of most biomolecules is possible only in an aqueous environment. At the same time, not only water affects the structure of biomolecules, but also biomolecules affect the structure of water, forming hydration shells. However, the study of the structure of biomolecules is given much more attention than their hydration shells. A real breakthrough in the study of hydration occurred with the development of the THz spectroscopy method, which showed that the hydration shell of biomolecules is not limited to 1-2 layers of strongly bound water, but also includes more distant areas of hydration with altered molecular dynamics. This review examines the fundamental features of the THz frequency range as a source of information about the structural and dynamic characteristics of water that change during hydration. The applied approaches to the study of hydration shells of biomolecules based on THz spectroscopy are described. The data on the hydration of biomolecules of all main types obtained from the beginning of the application of THz spectroscopy to the present are summarized. The emphasis is placed on the possible participation of extended hydration shells in the realization of the biological functions of biomolecules and at the same time on the insufficient knowledge of their structural and dynamic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V. Penkov
- Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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4
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Buryakov A, Avdeev P, Khusyainov D, Bezvikonnyy N, Coclet A, Klimov A, Tiercelin N, Lavrov S, Preobrazhensky V. The Role of Ferromagnetic Layer Thickness and Substrate Material in Spintronic Emitters. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13111710. [PMID: 37299613 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we investigate optically induced terahertz radiation in ferromagnetic FeCo layers of varying thickness on Si and SiO2 substrates. Efforts have been made to account for the influence of the substrate on the parameters of the THz radiation generated by the ferromagnetic FeCo film. The study reveals that the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer and the material of the substrate significantly affect the generation efficiency and spectral characteristics of the THz radiation. Our results also emphasize the importance of accounting for the reflection and transmission coefficients of the THz radiation when analyzing the generation process. The observed radiation features correlate with the magneto-dipole mechanism, triggered by the ultrafast demagnetization of the ferromagnetic material. This research contributes to a better understanding of THz radiation generation mechanisms in ferromagnetic films and may be useful for the further development of THz technology applications in the field of spintronics and other related areas. A key discovery of our study is the identification of a nonmonotonic relationship between the radiation amplitude and pump intensity for thin films on semiconductor substrates. This finding is particularly significant considering that thin films are predominantly used in spintronic emitters due to the characteristic absorption of THz radiation in metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy Buryakov
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Avdeev
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dinar Khusyainov
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nikita Bezvikonnyy
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andreas Coclet
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Klimov
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolas Tiercelin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 -IEMN, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Sergey Lavrov
- Department of Nanoelectronics, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 78 Vernadsky Avenue, 119454 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Xu X, Huo W, Li F, Zhou H. Classification of Liquid Ingress in GFRP Honeycomb Based on One-Dimension Sequential Model Using THz-TDS. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1149. [PMID: 36772188 PMCID: PMC9921085 DOI: 10.3390/s23031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Honeycomb structure composites are taking an increasing proportion in aircraft manufacturing because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, good fatigue resistance, and low manufacturing cost. However, the hollow structure is very prone to liquid ingress. Here, we report a fast and automatic classification approach for water, alcohol, and oil filled in glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) honeycomb structures through terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). We propose an improved one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) model, and compared it with long short-term memory (LSTM) and ordinary 1D-CNN models, which are classification networks based on one dimension sequenced signals. The automated liquid classification results show that the LSTM model has the best performance for the time-domain signals, while the improved 1D-CNN model performed best for the frequency-domain signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- School of Armament Science and Technology, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Wenjun Huo
- School of Armament Science and Technology, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Hongbin Zhou
- School of Equipment Management and UAV Engineering, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710043, China
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6
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Artesani A, Lamuraglia R, Menegazzo F, Bonetti S, Traviglia A. Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy in Reflection Configuration for Inorganic and Mineral Pigment Identification. Appl Spectrosc 2023; 77:74-87. [PMID: 36190333 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221133404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) in reflection configuration on a class of inorganic and mineral pigments. The technique is validated for pictorial materials against the limitations imposed by the back-reflection of the THz signal, such as weak signal intensity, multiple signal losses and distortion, as well as the current scarce databases. This work provides a detailed description of the experimental procedure and method used for the determination of material absorption coefficient of a group of 10 pigments known to be used in ancient frescoes, that are, Cu-based (azurite, malachite, and Egyptian blue), Pb-based (minium and massicot), Fe-based (iron oxide yellow, dark ochre, hematite, and Pompeii red) pigments and mercury sulfide (cinnabar), and classified the vibrational modes of the molecular oxides and sulfides for material identification. The results of this work showed that the mild signal in reflection configuration does not limit the application of THz-TDS on inorganic and mineral pigments as long as (i) the THz signal is normalized with a highly reflective reference sample, (ii) the secondary reflected signals from inner interfaces are removed with a filtering procedure, and (iii) the limitations at high frequencies imposed by the dynamic range of the instrument are considered. Under these assumptions, we were able to differentiate molecular phases of the same metal and identify azurite, Egyptian blue, minium, and cinnabar, isolating the molecular vibrations up to 125 cm-1. The established approach demonstrated to be reliable, and it can be extended for the study of other materials, well beyond the reach of the heritage domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Artesani
- Center for Cultural Heritage Technology, 121451Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, 437807Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lamuraglia
- Center for Cultural Heritage Technology, 121451Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, 19047Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Federica Menegazzo
- Center for Cultural Heritage Technology, 121451Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, 19047Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonetti
- Center for Cultural Heritage Technology, 121451Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, 19047Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- Department of Physics, 7675Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arianna Traviglia
- Center for Cultural Heritage Technology, 121451Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Venice, Italy
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7
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Jorudas J, Pashnev D, Kašalynas I, Ignatjev I, Niaura G, Selskis A, Astachov V, Alexeeva N. Green Removal of DUV-Polarity-Modified PMMA for Wet Transfer of CVD Graphene. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4017. [PMID: 36432303 PMCID: PMC9697087 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To fabricate graphene-based high-frequency electronic and optoelectronic devices, there is a high demand for scalable low-contaminated graphene with high mobility. Graphene synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper foil appears promising for this purpose, but residues from the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) layer, used for the wet transfer of CVD graphene, drastically affect the electrical properties of graphene. Here, we demonstrate a scalable and green PMMA removal technique that yields high-mobility graphene on the most common technologically relevant silicon (Si) substrate. As the first step, the polarity of the PMMA was modified under deep-UV irradiation at λ = 254 nm, due to the formation of ketones and aldehydes of higher polarity, which simplifies hydrogen bonding in the step of its dissolution. Modification of PMMA polarity was confirmed by UV and FTIR spectrometry and contact angle measurements. Consecutive dissolution of DUV-exposed PMMA in an environmentally friendly, binary, high-polarity mixture of isopropyl alcohol/water (more commonly alcohol/water) resulted in the rapid and complete removal of DUV-exposed polymers without the degradation of graphene properties, as low-energy exposure does not form free radicals, and thus the released graphene remained intact. The high quality of graphene after PMMA removal was confirmed by SEM, AFM, Raman spectrometry, and by contact and non-contact electrical conductivity measurements. The removal of PMMA from graphene was also performed via other common methods for comparison. The charge carrier mobility in graphene films was found to be up to 6900 cm2/(V·s), demonstrating a high potential of the proposed PMMA removal method in the scalable fabrication of high-performance electronic devices based on CVD graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justinas Jorudas
- THz Photonics Laboratory of Optoelectronics Department, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daniil Pashnev
- THz Photonics Laboratory of Optoelectronics Department, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Irmantas Kašalynas
- THz Photonics Laboratory of Optoelectronics Department, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ilja Ignatjev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Niaura
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Selskis
- Department of Structural Analysis of Materials, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vladimir Astachov
- Department of Physical Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Natalia Alexeeva
- THz Photonics Laboratory of Optoelectronics Department, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekis Ave. 3, LT 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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8
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Singh K, Garg D, Bandyopadhyay A, Sengupta A. Dual spectroscopic detection of THz energy modes of critical chemical compounds. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 271:120923. [PMID: 35121475 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Precise identification and sensing of organic and inorganic molecular systems are key factors in several applications in present industrial and scientific domains. While high energy modes, due to electronic interactions, are mostly impervious to the initial thermodynamic or chemical conditions, the low energy modes are sensitive to such alterations which makes them suitable for quality control purpose with sensitive spectral identification methods. Here we report for the first time, several low frequency peaks of specific nitrogen-based compounds and their derivatives, using the dual spectroscopic approach of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and THz Raman Spectroscopy (THz-RS). Two different isomeric molecular systems have also been investigated to assess both the selectivity and specificity of low energy modes in their identification and spectral correlation in terms of molecular interactions. This information of low frequency modes can be utilized readily by pharmaceutical and agri-food industries, chemical engineering and crystal growth communities in identification, detection, quality control and industrial waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Diksha Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Aparajita Bandyopadhyay
- Joint Advanced Technology Center - Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Amartya Sengupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India; School of IT and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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9
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Li Q, Bond AD, Korter TM, Zeitler JA. New Insights into the Crystallographic Disorder in the Polymorphic Forms of Aspirin from Low-Frequency Vibrational Analysis. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:227-234. [PMID: 34854685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is applied to two polymorphs of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), and the experimental spectra are compared to lattice dynamical calculations using high accuracy density functional theory. The calculations confirm that forms I and II have very close energetic and thermodynamic properties and also that they show similar spectral features in the far-infrared region, reflecting the high degree of similarity in their crystal structures. Unique vibrational modes are identified for each polymorph which allow them to be distinguished using THz-TDS measurements. The observation of spectral features attributable to both polymorphic forms in a single sample, however, provides further evidence to support the hypothesis that crystalline aspirin typically comprises intergrown domains of forms I and II. Differences observed in the baseline of the measured THz-TDS spectra indicate a greater degree of structural disorder in the samples of form II. Calculated Gibbs free-energy curves show a turning point at 75 K, inferring that form II is expected to be more stable than form I above this temperature as a result of its greater vibrational entropy. The calculations do not account for any differences in configurational entropy that may arise from expected structural defects. Further computational work on these structures, such as ab initio molecular dynamics, would be very useful to further explore this perspective. Here, aspirin is a model system to show how the additional insight from the low-frequency vibrational information complements the structural data and allows for quantitative thermodynamic information of pharmaceutical polymorphs to be extracted. The methodology is directly applicable to other polymorphic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Timothy M Korter
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - J Axel Zeitler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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10
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Wang ZQ, Sun LZ, Kuang XN, Lu YL, Li YY, Yang YP, Liu JM, Niu YY, Jin QH. Intermolecular interactions, photocatalysis and THz-TDS interrelationships for lanthanide phosphine oxide complexes based on {PW 12}. Environ Res 2022; 203:111873. [PMID: 34411548 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of rare earth complexes containing (α-PW12O40)3- and PO ligand are synthesized by water bath in 70 °C, [Ln(OPPh3)4(H2O)3](PW12O40)·4CH3CN (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Ho 1-7) (OPPh3 = Triphenylphosphine oxide, {PW12} = phosphotungstic acid). The precise structures are confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and the result shows all complexes are isostructural. Complexes 1-7 are fully characterized by PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, UV diffuse reflectance spectra and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Complex 3 exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency for methylene blue (MB) in this series of complexes. The experimental results showed that the photodegradation efficiency can remain constant at the level of 95% after five consecutive cycles. The photocatalytic reaction kinetics and mechanism of complexes were investigated. Additionally, complexes also exhibit photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. THz-TDS was used to characterize the complexes and its raw materials, the characteristic peaks of OPPh3 (broad peak at 1.20 THz) and phosphotungstic acid (sharp peaks at 0.23, 0.32 THz) were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yan-Lei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ying-Yu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jian-Ming Liu
- School of Mathematical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yun-Yin Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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11
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Chen T, Yu L, Li Z, Hu F, Xu C. Application of terahertz spectroscopy combined with density functional theory to analysis of intermolecular weak interactions for coumarin and 6-methylcoumarin. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 263:120159. [PMID: 34325169 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) absorption spectra of coumarin and 6-methylcoumarin have been investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system in the frequency range from 0.4 to 2.8 THz. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, both with and without London force dispersion corrections, have been used for the assignment of the experimental THz spectra. To thoroughly interpret the spectrum information, we used potential energy distribution (PED) method to assign the vibrational modes of the absorption peaks, and identify the origin of the absorption peaks by electrostatic potential (ESP) and van der Waals (vdW) potential distribution analysis method. The results show that absorption peaks both for coumarin and 6-methylcoumarin are caused by electrostatic interaction in the lower frequency range, while vdW interaction in the higher frequency. Moreover, the potential energy distribution of electrostatic and vdW between them is basically the same, and it led to the similarity of THz spectra between coumarin and 6-MC. This work has demonstrated that using THz spectroscopy combined with DFT calculations is an effective way to analysis of intermolecular weak interactions and biomolecules with similar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Lingxiao Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Fangrong Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Chuanpei Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
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12
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Abstract
Studying dielectric properties of heterogeneous systems is challenged by a problem of uncertainty of the ratio between dielectric permittivity of the system and dielectric permittivities of its components. Such ratios can be obtained in some cases using theoretical effective medium models. However, such models have not yet been developed for all the systems possible. Particularly, there is no effective medium model with filamentary inclusions. Such a theoretical model elaborated based on the fundamental principles of electrodynamics of continuous media is suggested in the present work. Any point of a filamentary inclusion with a length that is significantly greater than the thickness can be regarded as being located in a long cylinder-like fragment of the inclusion with stochastic direction of the cylinder axis relative to the external electric field. With this regard, electric field strength and electric induction values were averaged across the entire volume of a two-phase dielectric material. As a result, a model linking the dielectric permittivity of the two-phase system and the dielectric permittivities of both phases was elaborated. The model appears to be highly relevant for studying solutions of biopolymers, such as nucleic acids, fibrillar proteins and protein aggregates, polysaccharides, by means of electrical impedance spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The suggested theoretical model was successfully validated on a DNA solution within the terahertz region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Penkov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Russia
| | - Nadezda A Penkova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
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13
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Penkov NV. Relationships between Molecular Structure of Carbohydrates and Their Dynamic Hydration Shells Revealed by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11969. [PMID: 34769399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite more than a century of research on the hydration of biomolecules, the hydration of carbohydrates is insufficiently studied. An approach to studying dynamic hydration shells of carbohydrates in aqueous solutions based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy assay is developed in the current work. Monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, galacturonic acid) and polysaccharides (dextran, amylopectin, polygalacturonic acid) solutions were studied. The contribution of the dissolved carbohydrates was subtracted from the measured dielectric permittivities of aqueous solutions based on the corresponding effective medium models. The obtained dielectric permittivities of the water phase were used to calculate the parameters describing intermolecular relaxation and oscillatory processes in water. It is established that all of the analyzed carbohydrates lead to the increase of the binding degree of water. Hydration shells of monosaccharides are characterized by elevated numbers of hydrogen bonds and their mean energies compared to undisturbed water, as well as by elevated numbers and the lifetime of free water molecules. The axial orientation of the OH(4) group of sugar facilitates a wider distribution of hydrogen bond energies in hydration shells compared to equatorial orientation. The presence of the carboxylic group affects water structure significantly. The hydration of polysaccharides is less apparent than that of monosaccharides, and it depends on the type of glycosidic bonds.
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14
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Penkova NA, Sharapov MG, Penkov NV. Hydration Shells of DNA from the Point of View of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011089. [PMID: 34681747 PMCID: PMC8538832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydration plays a fundamental role in DNA structure and functioning. However, the hydration shell has been studied only up to the scale of 10-20 water molecules per nucleotide. In the current work, hydration shells of DNA were studied in a solution by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The THz spectra of three DNA solutions (in water, 40 mm MgCl2 and 150 mM KCl) were transformed using an effective medium model to obtain dielectric permittivities of the water phase of solutions. Then, the parameters of two relaxation bands related to bound and free water molecules, as well as to intermolecular oscillations, were calculated. The hydration shells of DNA differ from undisturbed water by the presence of strongly bound water molecules, a higher number of free molecules and an increased number of hydrogen bonds. The presence of 40 mM MgCl2 in the solution almost does not alter the hydration shell parameters. At the same time, 150 mM KCl significantly attenuates all the found effects of hydration. Different effects of salts on hydration cannot be explained by the difference in ionic strength of solutions, they should be attributed to the specific action of Mg2+ and K+ ions. The obtained results significantly expand the existing knowledge about DNA hydration and demonstrate a high potential for using the THz time-domain spectroscopy method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda A. Penkova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Mars G. Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Nikita V. Penkov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics RAS, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- Correspondence:
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15
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Zhang T, Zhang Z, Arnold MA. Crystal Structure-Free Method for Dielectric and Polarizability Characterization of Crystalline Materials at Terahertz Frequencies. Appl Spectrosc 2021; 75:647-653. [PMID: 33683165 DOI: 10.1177/0003702821991594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy provides a direct and nondestructive method for measuring the dielectric properties of materials directly from the phase delay of coherent electromagnetic radiation propagating through the sample. In cases when crystals are embedded within an inert polymeric pellet, the Landau, Lifshitz, and Looyenga (LLL) effective medium model can be used to extract the intrinsic dielectric constant of the crystalline sample. Subsequently, polarizability can be obtained from the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) relationship. Knowledge of the crystal structure density is required for an analytical solution to the LLL and CM relationships. A novel crystal structure-free graphical method is presented as a way to estimate both dielectric constants and polarizability values for the situation when the crystal structure density is unknown, and the crystals are embedded within a pellet composed of a non-porous polymer. The utility of this crystal structure-free method is demonstrated by analyzing THz time-domain spectra collected for a set of amino acids (L-alanine, L-threonine, and L-glutamine) embedded within pellets composed of polytetrafluoroethylene. Crystal structures are known for each amino acid, thereby enabling a direct comparison of results using the analytical solution and the proposed crystal structure-free graphical method. For each amino acid, the intrinsic dielectric constant is extracted through the LLL effective medium model without using information of their crystal structure densities. THz polarizabilities are then calculated with the CM relationship by using the determined intrinsic dielectric constant for each amino acid coupled with its crystal density as determined graphically. Comparison between the analytical and graphical solutions reveal relative differences between dielectric constants of 3.7, 5.1, and 13.6% for threonine, alanine, and glutamine, respectively, and relative differences between polarizability of 0.6, 0.9, and 5.4%, respectively. These values were determined over the 10-20 cm-1 THz frequency range. The proposed method requires no prior knowledge of crystal structure information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging, 12507University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Department of Chemistry and Optical Science and Technology Center, 4083University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Materials Physics, 12507University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging, 12507University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Mark A Arnold
- Department of Chemistry and Optical Science and Technology Center, 4083University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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16
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Zolliker P, Shalaby M, Söllinger E, Mavrona E, Hack E. Real-Time High Resolution THz Imaging with a Fiber-Coupled Photo Conductive Antenna and an Uncooled Microbolometer Camera. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21113757. [PMID: 34071538 PMCID: PMC8197864 DOI: 10.3390/s21113757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a real-time THz imaging method using a commercial fiber-coupled photo conductive antenna as the THz source and an uncooled microbolometer camera for detection. This new combination of state-of-the-art components is very adaptable due to its compact and uncooled radiation source, whose fiber coupling allows for a flexible placement. Using a camera with high sensitivity renders real-time imaging possible. As a proof-of-concept, the beam shape of a THz Time Domain Spectrometer was measured. We demonstrate real time imaging at nine frames per second and show its potential for practical applications in transmission geometry covering both material science and security tasks. The results suggest that hidden items, complex structures and the moisture content of (biological) materials can be resolved. We discuss the limits of the current setup, possible improvements and potential (industrial) applications, and we outline the feasibility of imaging in reflection geometry or extending it to multi-spectral imaging using band pass filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zolliker
- Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; (E.M.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mostafa Shalaby
- Swiss Terahertz Research-Zurich, Swiss Terahertz GmbH, Technopark, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland and Park Innovaare, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland; (M.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Elisa Söllinger
- Swiss Terahertz Research-Zurich, Swiss Terahertz GmbH, Technopark, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland and Park Innovaare, 5234 Villigen, Switzerland; (M.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Mavrona
- Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; (E.M.); (E.H.)
| | - Erwin Hack
- Transport at Nanoscale Interfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; (E.M.); (E.H.)
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17
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Penkov NV, Yashin VA, Belosludtsev KN. Hydration Shells of DPPC Liposomes from the Point of View of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2021; 75:189-198. [PMID: 32705897 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820949285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of structural and dynamic properties of water in suspensions of liposomes composed from 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) in three phase states (gel, rippled gel, liquid crystalline phase) by means of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in 0.3-3.3 THz range was conducted in the current work. Fraction of free water molecules in DPPC liposome suspension was shown to decrease with temperature (compared to the analogous aqueous solution without liposomes), and intermolecular water binding was enhanced. The most crucial changes occur during gel-rippled gel phase transition (pretransition): at temperatures below pretransition point, liposomes alleviate water binding degree, while at temperatures above the transition point, they enhance water binding. This study has demonstrated the high information content of the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy method for exploring the hydration properties of phospholipids in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Penkov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valery A Yashin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Konstantin N Belosludtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
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18
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Rao JQ, Zhao QD, Qiu F. [Progress on application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in identification of traditional Chinese medicine]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 45:825-828. [PMID: 32237482 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20191105.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs), the resources of TCMs are gradually rare, and the phenomenon that TCMs fake is a common occurrence. Consequently, we need to urgently improve identification technique of TCMs. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS) is a newly emerging spectroscopy technology that has been widely used in image, security inspection, biological detection, medicine, material technology, aerospace, oil exploration and other fields. Which is currently used as a simple and quick method to identify the origins, fake products, processed products and pesticide residues of TCMs, hence, it plays a significant role in supplementing and improving the quality control levels of TCMs. In this paper, the composition principle of THz-TDS and its advantages in authentification of TCMs have been summarized. Additionally, the current situation and application prospects of THz-TDS in the field of TCM identification have also been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Qiu Rao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qi-Duo Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617, China
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19
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Tao YH, Fitzgerald AJ, Wallace VP. Non-Contact, Non-Destructive Testing in Various Industrial Sectors with Terahertz Technology. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E712. [PMID: 32012901 DOI: 10.3390/s20030712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we survey various non-contact, non-destructive testing methods by way of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and imaging designed for use in various industrial sectors. A brief overview of the working principles of THz spectroscopy and imaging is provided, followed by a survey of selected applications from three industries—the building and construction industry, the energy and power industry, and the manufacturing industry. Material characterization, thickness measurement, and defect/corrosion assessment are demonstrated through the examples presented. The article concludes with a discussion of novel spectroscopy and imaging devices and techniques that are expected to accelerate industry adoption of THz systems.
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20
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Dai Z, Su Q, Lu D, Sun L, Liu W. A combined experimental and theoretical study on the terahertz vibrations of water vapors. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 214:277-284. [PMID: 30797142 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water vapor is of significance in global greenhouse effect. Its strong absorption at infrared region characterizes the fingerprint of water structure. We hereby performed THz time-domain spectroscopy (0.2-2 THz) study on water vapors at relative humidity from 10% to 50%, in which the intensities of vibrations were found not proportionally increased with relative humidity. Besides rotation of water monomer, the absorption at THz frequency was probably attributed to small water clusters (N < 9) based on quantum mechanics calculations, where the distinct absorption peaks were matched with the vibrations of clusters. Moreover, planar structures were found to prevail in clusters less than eight waters owing to increasingly strong hydrogen bonds while cube structure dominated in eight-water cluster. This study thus promotes our understanding of not only absorptions of water vapor at far-infrared region but also their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Dai
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Dan Lu
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi, China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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21
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Yu M, Yan S, Sun YQ, Sheng W, Tang F, Peng XY, Hu Y. Characterization of Nucleobases in Broadband Terahertz Spectra from 0.5 to 10 THz with the Air-Biased-Coherent-Detection Technique. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19051148. [PMID: 30866443 PMCID: PMC6427222 DOI: 10.3390/s19051148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is an effective coherent detection technique for deeply understanding the structures and functions of biomolecules. However, generally not full information in the whole THz range can be obtained due to the limited detection bandwidth (usually less than 5 THz) of the traditional THz-TDS systems. In this paper, effective THz absorption spectra in 0.5⁻10 THz range of five typical nucleobases of DNA/RNA are characterized with a super broadband THz detection technique, called the air-biased- coherent-detection (THz-ABCD) technique. Few unexpected characteristic absorption peaks appeared in the low-frequency region and meanwhile a series of anticipated characteristic absorption peaks are found in the high-frequency region. The fingerprint spectra of these nucleobases are helpful for further analysis on the vibration and twisting behavior of hydrogen bonds, van der Waals and electrostatic forces etc. between and within DNA/RNA biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Measurement and Optical Information Transmission Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Terahertz Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Shihan Yan
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Center of Applied Physics, Chongqing 400714, China.
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of High-Resolution and Three-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Yong-Qiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Measurement and Optical Information Transmission Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Wang Sheng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Terahertz Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Fu Tang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Terahertz Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Peng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Terahertz Technology Research Center, Chongqing 400714, China.
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Measurement and Optical Information Transmission Technology, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
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22
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Zhang T, Zhang Z, Arnold MA. Polarizability of Aspirin at Terahertz Frequencies Using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ( THz-TDS). Appl Spectrosc 2019; 73:253-260. [PMID: 30394798 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818815177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is described for the determination of permittivity and polarizability of organic crystals, as exemplified by measurements with the polymorph I form of crystalline aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). The coherent nature of the THz pulse experiment, coupled with gated-detection, permits direct measure of differences in the phase angle of the electric field vector after passing through a pellet composed of the aspirin crystals embedded within an inert polymer matrix. An effective media model is used to extract dielectric information for the crystals from the measured time-domain signal that is representative of the entire pellet composition. Polarizability is then obtained for these organic crystals by using the Clausius-Mossotti relationship. Dielectric spectra and polarizability spectra are presented over the 0.3-3 THz frequency range (10-100 cm-1). The average polarizability values measured over the low frequency range (10-20 cm-1) are 22.4 ± 0.3 and 22.4 ± 0.5 Å3 for aspirin crystals embedded within matrixes of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyethylene (PE), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Zhang
- 1 Department of Instrumentation Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- 2 Department of Chemistry and Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- 1 Department of Instrumentation Science, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Mark A Arnold
- 2 Department of Chemistry and Optical Science and Technology Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Ju XG, Zhang Y, Lian FY, Fu MX. Quick Test for Transgenic Components in Rice Using Terahertz Spectra. Appl Spectrosc 2019; 73:171-181. [PMID: 30345786 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818812085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The terahertz (THz) spectrum of 0.2-1.6 THz (6.6-52.8 cm-1) was used to identify the existence of transgenic rice Bt63 contents in non-GMO rice using a THz time-domain spectroscopy system. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract the feature data based on the cumulative rate of information contribution ( > 90%); the top four principal components were selected and a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) method was then trained and used. Three selection radial basis functions including a Gaussian function were used to identify the three types (strong positive, weak positive, and negative). The results show that the samples were identified with an accuracy of nearly 90%; additionally, the positive identification rate was > 87.5% and the negative identification rate reached 100% using the proposed method (PCA-RBF). The proposed approach was then compared with other methods, including back propagation (BP) neural networks and support vector machine (SVM). The results of the comparison show that the accuracy of PCA-RBF method reaches 92% in total and all the rest are < 90% using 100 samples. Obviously, the proposed approach outperforms the other methods and also indicates that the proposed method, in combination with THz spectroscopy, is efficient and practical for transgenic ingredient identification in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gang Ju
- 1 Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 Grain Information Processing and Control, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 3 Circuits and Systems Key Disciplines of Henan Education Institute, Zhengzhou, China
- 4 Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- 1 Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 Grain Information Processing and Control, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 4 Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei-Yu Lian
- 2 Grain Information Processing and Control, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 4 Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mai-Xia Fu
- 2 Grain Information Processing and Control, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 4 Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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Abstract
One of the most commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory active pharmaceutical ingredient called Meloxicam has been characterized spectroscopically both by Terahertz (THz) time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in far-IR regions of electromagnetic spectrum; 0.2 THz to 20 THz. While many relatively sharp features are observed in the far-IR range between 2 THz to 20 THz as expected for being an organic substance, very distinct and relatively strong absorption bands are also observed at 1.00, 1.66, 2.07 and 2.57 THz in the THz range. These well separated, defined, and fairly strong spectral features can be used for discrimination and quantification of Meloxicam in drug analysis. Frequency dependent refractive index of the drug was determined in a range of 0.2 THz and 2.7 THz, where an almost constant index was observed with an average index of 1.75. Powder XRD, and solid-state Density Functional Theory (SS-DFT) calculations were utilized to determine the crystalline form of the Meloxicam sample in its enolic crystalline form. Single molecule DFT calculations were also performed in all four possible structures of Meloxicam. In addition, the capability of THz waves transmission through common packaging materials is demonstrated for possibility of future on-site analysis. The results suggest that drug analysis will be possible to perform not only at every stage of manufacturing without destruction but also directly at the shelf of a market after development of portable THz technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Samet Aytekin
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Köktürk
- Nobel Pharmaceuticals Research and Development Center, Düzce 81100, Turkey
| | - Adam Zaczek
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
| | - Timothy M Korter
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
| | - Edwin J Heilweil
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Okan Esenturk
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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Wu H, Wu S, Qiu N, Chang J, Bao R, Zhang X, Liu N, Liu S. Quantitative Identification of the Annealing Degree of Apatite Fission Tracks Using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ( THz-TDS). Appl Spectrosc 2018; 72:870-878. [PMID: 29508644 DOI: 10.1177/0003702818761668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Apatite fission-track (AFT) analysis, a widely used low-temperature thermochronology method, can provide details of the hydrocarbon generation history of source rocks for use in hydrocarbon exploration. The AFT method is based on the annealing behavior of fission tracks generated by 238U fission in apatite particles during geological history. Due to the cumbersome experimental steps and high expense, it is imperative to find an efficient and inexpensive technique to determinate the annealing degree of AFT. In this study, on the basis of the ellipsoid configuration of tracks, the track volume fraction model (TVFM) is established and the fission-track volume index is proposed. Furthermore, terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is used for the first time to identify the variation of the AFT annealing degree of Durango apatite particles heated at 20, 275, 300, 325, 450, and 500 ℃ for 10 h. The THz absorbance of the sample increases with the degree of annealing. In addition, the THz absorption index is exponentially related to annealing temperature and can be used to characterize the fission-track volume index. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy can be an ancillary technique for AFT thermochronological research. More work is urgently needed to extrapolate experimental data to geological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- 2 Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Shixiang Wu
- 3 Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC), Beijing, China
| | - Nansheng Qiu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- 2 Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Chang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- 2 Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Rima Bao
- 4 Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- 5 Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Nian Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- 2 Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
- 2 Research Center for Basin and Reservoir, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
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Zhao Y, Li Z, Liu J, Chen T, Zhang H, Qin B, Wu Y. Application of terahertz spectroscopy and theoretical calculation in dimethylurea isomers investigation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 192:336-342. [PMID: 29174669 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic absorption spectra of two structural isomers of dimethylurea(DMU) in 0.6-1.8 THz region have been measured using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THZ-TDS) at room temperature. Significant differences have been found between their terahertz spectra and implied that the THZ-TDS is an effective means of identifying structural isomers. To simulate their spectra, calculations on single molecule and cluster of 1,1-DMU and 1,3-DMU were performed, and we found that the cluster calculations using DFT-D3 method are better to predict the experimental spectra. Using the normal mode as displacements in redundant internal coordinates and the GaussView program, most observed THz vibrational modes are assigned to bending and rocking modes related to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions, and twisting mode of ethyl groups. The different spectral features of two isomers mainly arise from different intermolecular hydrogen bonds resulting from different atom arrangements in molecules and different molecule arrangements in crystals. Using the reduced-density-gradient (RDG) analysis, the positions and types of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in 1,1-DMU and 1,3-DMU crystals are visualized. Therefore, we can confirm that THz-TDS can be used as an effective means for the recognition of structural isomers and detection of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in these crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhao
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Huo Zhang
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Binyi Qin
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Yifang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
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Penkov N, Yashin V, Fesenko E, Manokhin A, Fesenko E. A Study of the Effect of a Protein on the Structure of Water in Solution Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2018; 72:257-267. [PMID: 28922934 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817735551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to determine the spectra (range = 1.2-120 cm-1) of aqueous solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) at pH range 2.5-10. Under each of the selected pH, BSA molecules exist in a different conformation, compared to other pH values. The spectra were used to calculate the functions of the dielectric permittivity of BSA solutions. Dielectric functions of the aqueous phase of BSA solutions were calculated based on the Bruggeman model, without the contribution of BSA itself. Fitting of the dielectric functions was performed using a model which includes three water spectral bands: two relaxation bands with relaxation times of about 8.28 and 0.3 ps and a vibrational band with a maximum of about 180 cm-1. The parameters of these bands were determined through fitting and physical interpretation at the molecular level can be provided for each of them. A comparison between the values of model parameters of solutions with BSA and without BSA allowed to conclude that the main effect of BSA is the formation of strongly bound hydration shells in the immediate proximity to the protein molecule. At the same time, the structure of more distant layers of the hydration shells is destroyed, with an increased formation of free water molecules. Some differences are observed in the effect of different BSA conformations on the aqueous phase of solution. The proposed approach can be generalized and applied for studying of a wide class of biological macromolecules in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Penkov
- 104705 Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery Yashin
- 104705 Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugeny Fesenko
- 104705 Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew Manokhin
- 104705 Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugeny Fesenko
- 104705 Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Zhao Y, Li Z, Liu J, Hu C, Zhang H, Qin B, Wu Y. Intermolecular vibrational modes and H-bond interactions in crystalline urea investigated by terahertz spectroscopy and theoretical calculation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 189:528-534. [PMID: 28866409 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The characteristic absorption spectra of crystalline urea in 0.6-1.8 THz region have been measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy at room temperature experimentally. Five broad absorption peaks were observed at 0.69, 1.08, 1.27, 1.47 and 1.64 THz respectively. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculation has been performed for the isolated urea molecule, and there is no infrared intensity in the region below 1.8 THz. This means that single molecule calculations are failure to predict the experimental spectra of urea crystals. To simulate these spectra, calculations on a cluster of seven urea molecules using M06-2X and B3LYP-D3 are performed, and we found that M06-2X perform better. The observed THz vibrational modes are assigned to bending and torsional modes related to the intermolecular H-bond interactions with the help of potential energy distribution (PED) method. Using the reduced-density-gradient (RDG) analysis, the positions and types of intermolecular H-bond interactions in urea crystals are visualized. Therefore, we can confirm that terahertz spectroscopy can be used as an effective means to detect intermolecular H-bond interactions in molecular crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhao
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710126,China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710126,China; Guilin University Of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; School of Electronic Information Engineering, Yangtze Nomal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Cong Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automatic Detecting Technology and Instruments, School of Electronic Engineering and Automation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Huo Zhang
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710126,China
| | - Binyi Qin
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710126,China
| | - Yifang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
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Li Z, Chen W, Lian F, Ge H, Guan A. Wavelength Selection Method Based on Differential Evolution for Precise Quantitative Analysis Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2017; 71:2653-2660. [PMID: 28685583 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817722367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of component mixtures is an important application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and has attracted broad interest in recent research. Although the accuracy of quantitative analysis using THz-TDS is affected by a host of factors, wavelength selection from the sample's THz absorption spectrum is the most crucial component. The raw spectrum consists of signals from the sample and scattering and other random disturbances that can critically influence the quantitative accuracy. For precise quantitative analysis using THz-TDS, the signal from the sample needs to be retained while the scattering and other noise sources are eliminated. In this paper, a novel wavelength selection method based on differential evolution (DE) is investigated. By performing quantitative experiments on a series of binary amino acid mixtures using THz-TDS, we demonstrate the efficacy of the DE-based wavelength selection method, which yields an error rate below 5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- 1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control (Henan University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- 3 Grain Storage and Logistics National Engineering Laboratory, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Lian
- 1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control (Henan University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Ge
- 1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control (Henan University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aihong Guan
- 1 College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 The Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control (Henan University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, China
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30
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Ye HM, Li H, Yao SF. Characterizing the Structure and Phase Transformation of Poly(ethylene Oxide)-Urea Complexes Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Appl Spectrosc 2017; 71:2549-2554. [PMID: 28685582 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817722573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was employed to characterize the structure and α→β phase transformation of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-urea complexes. While the THz responses of α- and β-form complexes are both originated from hydrogen bonding interactions, they possess different THz absorption bands. The α-form PEO-urea complex shows two bands at 1.12 and 1.24 THz, which are vibration modes due to the hydrogen bonding among urea and between PEO and urea, respectively; the β-form PEO-urea complex shows a band at 1.48 THz, which is a vibration mode due to the hydrogen bonding among urea. A polarized THz-TDS study demonstrates that the urea-urea hydrogen bonding direction rotates 90° during the β→α transformation process. This study reveals the great potential of THz-TDS for investigating polymer-small molecule complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Mu Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Fang Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, China
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31
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Song Y, Zhao K, Zuo J, Wang C, Li Y, Miao X, Zhao X. The Detection of Water Flow in Rectangular Microchannels by Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy. Sensors (Basel) 2017; 17:s17102330. [PMID: 29027922 PMCID: PMC5677373 DOI: 10.3390/s17102330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flow characteristics of water were tested in a rectangular microchannel for Reynolds number (Re) between 0 and 446 by terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Output THz peak trough intensities and the calculated absorbances of the flow were analyzed theoretically. The results show a rapid change for Re < 250 and a slow change as Re increases, which is caused by the early transition from laminar to transition flow beginning nearly at Re = 250. Then this finding is confirmed in the plot of the flow resistant. Our results demonstrate that the THz-TDS could be a valuable tool to monitor and character the flow performance in microscale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Kun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Cuicui Wang
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yizhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Xinyang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
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32
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Bao R, Wu Z, Li H, Wang F, Miao X, Feng C. Characterization of Inclusions in Evolution of Sodium Sulfate Using Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy. ANAL SCI 2017; 33:1077-1080. [PMID: 28890494 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The study of fluid inclusion is one of the important means to understanding the evolution of mineral crystals, and can therefore provide original information of mineral evolution. In the process of evolution, outside factors such as temperature and pressure, directly affect the number and size of inclusions, and thus are related to the properties of crystals. In this paper, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to detect sodium sulfate crystals with different growth temperatures, and absorption coefficient spectra of the samples were obtained. It is suggested that the evolution of sodium sulfate could be divided into two stages, and 80°C was the turning point. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarizing microscopy were used to support this conclusion. The research showed that THz-TDS could characterize the evolution of mineral crystals, and it had a unique advantage in terms of crystal evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Bao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum
| | - Zhikui Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum
| | - Hao Li
- Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC)
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum
| | - Xinyang Miao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum
| | - Chengjing Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum
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33
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Wang F, Zhao D, Dong H, Jiang L, Liu Y, Li S. Terahertz spectra of DNA nucleobase crystals: A joint experimental and computational study. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 179:255-260. [PMID: 28273628 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) spectra of DNA nucleobase crystals were experimentally studied by terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and computationally studied by the generalized energy-based fragmentation approach under periodic boundary conditions (denoted as PBC-GEBF). We analyzed the vibrational spectra of solid-state DNA nucleobases and assigned the corresponding vibrational modes to the main peaks in the experimental spectra with the PBC-GEBF results. The computational results were verified to be in good accordance with the experimental data. Harmonic vibrational frequency results revealed that all the vibrational modes belong to collective vibrational modes, which involve complicated mixtures of inter- and intramolecular displacements, somewhere in the vicinity of 0.5-9THz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Sanjiang University, Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, 210023, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Buron JD, Pizzocchero F, Jessen BS, Booth TJ, Nielsen PF, Hansen O, Hilke M, Whiteway E, Jepsen PU, Bøggild P, Petersen DH. Electrically continuous graphene from single crystal copper verified by terahertz conductance spectroscopy and micro four-point probe. Nano Lett 2014; 14:6348-6355. [PMID: 25317778 DOI: 10.1021/nl5028167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The electrical performance of graphene synthesized by chemical vapor deposition and transferred to insulating surfaces may be compromised by extended defects, including for instance grain boundaries, cracks, wrinkles, and tears. In this study, we experimentally investigate and compare the nano- and microscale electrical continuity of single layer graphene grown on centimeter-sized single crystal copper with that of previously studied graphene films, grown on commercially available copper foil, after transfer to SiO2 surfaces. The electrical continuity of the graphene films is analyzed using two noninvasive conductance characterization methods: ultrabroadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and micro four-point probe, which probe the electrical properties of the graphene film on different length scales, 100 nm and 10 μm, respectively. Ultrabroadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy allows for measurement of the complex conductance response in the frequency range 1-15 terahertz, covering the entire intraband conductance spectrum, and reveals that the conductance response for the graphene grown on single crystalline copper intimately follows the Drude model for a barrier-free conductor. In contrast, the graphene grown on commercial copper foil shows a distinctly non-Drude conductance spectrum that is better described by the Drude-Smith model, which incorporates the effect of preferential carrier backscattering associated with extended, electronic barriers with a typical separation on the order of 100 nm. Micro four-point probe resistance values measured on graphene grown on single crystalline copper in two different voltage-current configurations show close agreement with the expected distributions for a continuous 2D conductor, in contrast with previous observations on graphene grown on commercial copper foil. The terahertz and micro four-point probe conductance values of the graphene grown on single crystalline copper shows a close to unity correlation, in contrast with those of the graphene grown on commercial copper foil, which we explain by the absence of extended defects on the microscale in CVD graphene grown on single crystalline copper. The presented results demonstrate that the graphene grown on single crystal copper is electrically continuous on the nanoscopic, microscopic, as well as intermediate length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas D Buron
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark , Ørsteds Plads 345E, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Abstract
Terahertz absorption spectrum (0.5-4.0 THz) of L-alanine in the solid phase was measured by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy at room temperature. Simulations utilizing gaseous-state and solid-state theory were performed to determine the origins of the observed vibrational features. Our calculations showed that the measured features in solid-state materials could be well understood by considering the crystal packing interactions in a solid-state density functional theory calculation. Furthermore, intermolecular vibrations of L-alanine are found to be the dominating contributions to these measured spectral features in the range of 0.5-4.0 THz, except that located at 3.11 THz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan-Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119 China
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