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Liang S, Zhou Y, Chang Y, Li J, Zhang M, Gao P, Li Q, Yu H, Kawakami K, Ma J, Zhang R. A novel gene-trap line reveals the dynamic patterns and essential roles of cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 in zebrafish heart development and regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:158. [PMID: 38556571 PMCID: PMC10982097 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in cysteine and glycine-rich protein 3 (CSRP3)/muscle LIM protein (MLP), a key regulator of striated muscle function, have been linked to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in patients. However, the roles of CSRP3 in heart development and regeneration are not completely understood. In this study, we characterized a novel zebrafish gene-trap line, gSAIzGFFM218A, which harbors an insertion in the csrp3 genomic locus, heterozygous fish served as a csrp3 expression reporter line and homozygous fish served as a csrp3 mutant line. We discovered that csrp3 is specifically expressed in larval ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) and that csrp3 deficiency leads to excessive trabeculation, a common feature of CSRP3-related HCM and DCM. We further revealed that csrp3 expression increased in response to different cardiac injuries and was regulated by several signaling pathways vital for heart regeneration. Csrp3 deficiency impeded zebrafish heart regeneration by impairing CM dedifferentiation, hindering sarcomere reassembly, and reducing CM proliferation while aggravating apoptosis. Csrp3 overexpression promoted CM proliferation after injury and ameliorated the impairment of ventricle regeneration caused by pharmacological inhibition of multiple signaling pathways. Our study highlights the critical role of Csrp3 in both zebrafish heart development and regeneration, and provides a valuable animal model for further functional exploration that will shed light on the molecular pathogenesis of CSRP3-related human cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhang Liang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yating Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yue Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Institute and Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Peng Gao
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qi Li
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hong Yu
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Koichi Kawakami
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
- Department of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Mishima, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan
| | - Jinmin Ma
- Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Ogah OS, Iyawe EP, Orimolade OA, Okwunze K, Okeke M, Babatunde A, Aje A, Adebiyi AA. Left ventricular noncompaction in Ibadan, Nigeria. Egypt Heart J 2023; 75:69. [PMID: 37563298 PMCID: PMC10415240 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an increase in the reporting of cases of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) cardiomyopathy in medical literature due to advances in medical imaging. Patients with LVNC may be asymptomatic or may present with arrhythmias, heart failure, thromboembolism or sudden death. LVNC is typically diagnosed by echocardiography, although there are higher-resolution cardiac imaging techniques such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to make the diagnosis. The objective of the study is to report on a series of 9 cases of LVNC cardiomyopathy seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Cases of LVNC seen between September 1, 2015 and July 31, 2022 in our echocardiography service is being reported. RESULTS There were a total of 6 men and 3 women. Mean age at presentation was 52.89 ± 15.02 years. The most common mode of presentation was heart failure (6 patients). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (6 patients). Three patients had an ejection fraction of less than 40% and the mean ratio of noncompacted to compacted segment at end-systole was 2.80 ± 0.48. The most common areas of trabecular localization were the LV lateral wall and the apex. Beta blockers were highly useful in the management of the patients. CONCLUSIONS LVNC cardiomyopathy is not uncommon in our environment and a high index of suspicion is often required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okechukwu Samuel Ogah
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine,, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Efosa P Iyawe
- Alexander Brown Hall, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olanike Allison Orimolade
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kenechukwu Okwunze
- Alexander Brown Hall, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mesoma Okeke
- Alexander Brown Hall, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Akinyemi Aje
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adewole A Adebiyi
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine,, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Cho JM, Poon MLS, Zhu E, Wang J, Butcher JT, Hsiai T. Quantitative 4D imaging of biomechanical regulation of ventricular growth and maturation. Curr Opin Biomed Eng 2023; 26:100438. [PMID: 37424697 PMCID: PMC10327868 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2022.100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal cardiac development is intimately associated with congenital heart disease. During development, a sponge-like network of muscle fibers in the endocardium, known as trabeculation, becomes compacted. Biomechanical forces regulate myocardial differentiation and proliferation to form trabeculation, while the molecular mechanism is still enigmatic. Biomechanical forces, including intracardiac hemodynamic flow and myocardial contractile force, activate a host of molecular signaling pathways to mediate cardiac morphogenesis. While mechanotransduction pathways to initiate ventricular trabeculation is well studied, deciphering the relative importance of hemodynamic shear vs. mechanical contractile forces to modulate the transition from trabeculation to compaction requires advanced imaging tools and genetically tractable animal models. For these reasons, the advent of 4-D multi-scale light-sheet imaging and complementary multiplex live imaging via micro-CT in the beating zebrafish heart and live chick embryos respectively. Thus, this review highlights the complementary animal models and advanced imaging needed to elucidate the mechanotransduction underlying cardiac ventricular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Min Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
- Department of Medicine, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System
| | - Mong Lung Steve Poon
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
- Department of Medicine, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System
| | | | - Jonathan T. Butcher
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University
| | - Tzung Hsiai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA
- Department of Medicine, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA
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Won YH, Kim DS, Kim GW, Park SH, Ko MH, Seo JH. Association of bladder trabeculation and neurogenic bladder with spinal cord injury. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221104768. [PMID: 35689375 PMCID: PMC9189534 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221104768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare clinical findings and urodynamic parameters according to trabeculation grade and analyze their correlations with trabeculation severity in neurogenic bladder caused by suprasacral spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed of neurogenic bladder caused by SCI. Bladder trabeculation grade was compared with SCI-related clinical parameters and bladder-related urodynamic parameters. RESULTS In SCI patients, factors such as disease duration, bladder capacity, detrusor pressure, peak detrusor pressure values, and compliance were significantly different between different grades of bladder trabeculation, while neurological level of injury, completeness, and detrusor sphincter dyssynergia had no clear relationship with bladder trabeculation grade. In the correlation analysis, vesicoureteral reflux was moderately correlated with trabeculation grade (correlation coefficient 0.433), while the correlation coefficients of disease duration, involuntary detrusor contraction, and bladder filling volume were between 0.3 and 0.4. CONCLUSION Bladder trabeculation with suprasacral-type neurogenic bladder was graded. Although disease duration was positively correlated with bladder trabeculation grade, differences in the neurological level of injury or American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale score were not observed. Bladder volume, peak detrusor pressure, compliance, reflex volume, and vesicoureteral reflux also showed significant differences according to trabeculation grade. Vesicoureteral reflux was moderately correlated with trabeculation grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hui Won
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Sol Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Wook Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hwan Ko
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Seo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Beckert V, Rassmann S, Kayvanjoo AH, Klausen C, Bonaguro L, Botermann DS, Krause M, Moreth K, Spielmann N, da Silva-Buttkus P, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, de Angelis MH, Händler K, Ulas T, Aschenbrenner AC, Mass E, Wachten D. Creld1 regulates myocardial development and function. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 156:45-56. [PMID: 33773996 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CRELD1 (Cysteine-Rich with EGF-Like Domains 1) is a risk gene for non-syndromic atrioventricular septal defects in human patients. In a mouse model, Creld1 has been shown to be essential for heart development, particularly in septum and valve formation. However, due to the embryonic lethality of global Creld1 knockout (KO) mice, its cell type-specific function during peri- and postnatal stages remains unknown. Here, we generated conditional Creld1 KO mice lacking Creld1 either in the endocardium (KOTie2) or the myocardium (KOMyHC). Using a combination of cardiac phenotyping, histology, immunohistochemistry, RNA-sequencing, and flow cytometry, we demonstrate that Creld1 function in the endocardium is dispensable for heart development. Lack of myocardial Creld1 causes extracellular matrix remodeling and trabeculation defects by modulation of the Notch1 signaling pathway. Hence, KOMyHC mice die early postnatally due to myocardial hypoplasia. Our results reveal that Creld1 not only controls the formation of septa and valves at an early stage during heart development, but also cardiac maturation and function at a later stage. These findings underline the central role of Creld1 in mammalian heart development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Beckert
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Rassmann
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Amir Hossein Kayvanjoo
- Life & Medical Institute (LIMES), Developmental Biology of the Immune System, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Klausen
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Life & Medical Institute (LIMES), Genomics and Immunoregulation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Simon Botermann
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Melanie Krause
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristin Moreth
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Spielmann
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patricia da Silva-Buttkus
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Science Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristian Händler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the DZNE and the University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Life & Medical Institute (LIMES), Genomics and Immunoregulation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the DZNE and the University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna C Aschenbrenner
- Life & Medical Institute (LIMES), Genomics and Immunoregulation, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elvira Mass
- Life & Medical Institute (LIMES), Developmental Biology of the Immune System, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Wachten
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Biophysical Imaging, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Faber JW, D'Silva A, Christoffels VM, Jensen B. Lack of morphometric evidence for ventricular compaction in humans. J Cardiol 2021; 78:397-405. [PMID: 33840532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The remodeling of the compact wall by incorporation of trabecular myocardium, referred to as compaction, receives much attention because it is thought that its failure causes left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC). Although the notion of compaction is broadly accepted, the nature and strength of the evidence supporting this process is underexposed. Here, we review the literature that quantitatively investigated the development of the ventricular wall to understand the extent of compaction in humans, mice, and chickens. We queried PubMed using several search terms, screened 1127 records, and selected 56 publications containing quantitative data on ventricular growth. For humans, only 34 studies quantified wall development. The key premise of compaction, namely a reduction of the trabecular layer, was never documented. Instead, the trabecular layer grows slower than the compact wall in later development and this changes wall architecture. There were no reports of a sudden enlargement of the compact layer (from incorporated trabeculae), be it in thickness, area, or volume. Therefore, no evidence for compaction was found. Only in chickens, a sudden increase in compact myocardial thickness layer was reported coinciding with a decrease in trabecular thickness. In mice, morphometric and lineage tracing investigations have yielded conflicting results that allow for limited compaction to occur. In conclusion, compaction in human development is not supported while rapid intrinsic growth of the compact wall is supported in all species. If compaction takes place, it likely plays a much smaller role in determining wall architecture than intrinsic growth of the compact wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeike W Faber
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Andrew D'Silva
- Department of Cardiology and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bjarke Jensen
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Cavallero S, Blázquez-Medela AM, Satta S, Hsiai TK. Endothelial mechanotransduction in cardiovascular development and regeneration: emerging approaches and animal models. Curr Top Membr 2021; 87:131-51. [PMID: 34696883 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Living cells are exposed to multiple mechanical stimuli from the extracellular matrix or from surrounding cells. Mechanoreceptors are molecules that display status changes in response to mechanical stimulation, transforming physical cues into biological responses to help the cells adapt to dynamic changes of the microenvironment. Mechanical stimuli are responsible for shaping the tridimensional development and patterning of the organs in early embryonic stages. The development of the heart is one of the first morphogenetic events that occur in embryos. As the circulation is established, the vascular system is exposed to constant shear stress, which is the force created by the movement of blood. Both spatial and temporal variations in shear stress differentially modulate critical steps in heart development, such as trabeculation and compaction of the ventricular wall and the formation of the heart valves. Zebrafish embryos are small, transparent, have a short developmental period and allow for real-time visualization of a variety of fluorescently labeled proteins to recapitulate developmental dynamics. In this review, we will highlight the application of zebrafish models as a genetically tractable model for investigating cardiovascular development and regeneration. We will introduce our approaches to manipulate mechanical forces during critical stages of zebrafish heart development and in a model of vascular regeneration, as well as advances in imaging technologies to capture these processes at high resolution. Finally, we will discuss the role of molecules of the Plexin family and Piezo cation channels as major mechanosensors recently implicated in cardiac morphogenesis.
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8
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Kim H, Kim IC, Chung JW. Clinical outcomes in patients with left ventricle trabeculation or noncompaction. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 37:467-77. [PMID: 32901347 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-02013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Trabeculation exhibits highly varied presentations, whereas noncompaction (NC) is a specific disease entity based arithmetically on wall thickness. We aimed to evaluate the clinical implications of trabeculation and its relevance to outcomes. A total of 296 patients (age 63 ± 12 years; 64% men) with trabeculation who underwent echocardiography were retrospectively identified between January 2011 and December 2012. Analyses were conducted on distinguished trabeculation which was divided into NC (maximum noncompacted/compacted ratio ≥ 2.0) or hypertrabeculation (HT) (ratio < 2.0). We evaluated features of trabeculation and explored cardiovascular (CV) outcome events (coronary revascularization, hospitalization for worsening heart failure (HF), stroke, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and CV death). Over a mean of 4.2 years, CV outcome events occurred in 122 (41%) patients who were older and exhibited an increased frequency of diabetes mellitus, stroke, implantation of ICD, HF and dilated cardiomyopathy. The frequencies of NC or HT, the trabeculation ratio and its manifestation were similar among patients with and without events. NC/HT with concomitant apical hypocontractility and worsening systolic function were univariable predictors of adverse events. On multivariable analysis, concomitant apical hypocontractility on NC/HT remained significant (hazard ratio 8.94, 95% confidence interval 2.9-27.2, p < 0.001) together with old age, HF and increased E/e' ratio. NC/HT with concomitant apical hypocontractility provided clues about the current medical illness and aided in risk stratification.
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Li T, Mendoza L, Chan W, McFarlane IM. Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy Presented with Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Am J Med Case Rep 2020; 8:281-283. [PMID: 32775629 PMCID: PMC7413176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy characterized by increased trabeculation in one or more segments of the ventricle. LVNC presented with non-specific symptoms and highly variable clinical presentation ranging from asymptomatic to progressive heart failure and recurrent or life-threatening arrhythmias. CASE PRESENTATION 54-year-old Black man with a history of hypertension, diabetes and end-stage renal disease presented with one day palpitations and lightheadedness following a dialysis session. He denied any dyspnea or syncope. On examination, blood pressure was 175/91 mmHg with irregular pulse. No murmur, rubs or gallops were appreciated. Laboratory were unremarkable except increased creatinine and mild anemia with normal thyroid function test. Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed atrial fibrillation with normal ventricular rate. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed mildly increased left ventricular (LV) wall thickness with prominent trabeculation and ejection fraction of 55-60 percent, a pseudo-normal LV filling pattern, with concomitant abnormal relaxation and increased filling pressure, suggestive of LVNC. The patient was switched to apixaban. Genetic testing was recommended for family members. CONCLUSIONS LVNC is rare congenital cardiomyopathy with non-specific symptoms and should be considered among the possible diagnosis in patients presenting with arrythmia patients. Echocardiographic and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can be utilized to establish diagnosis.
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Stämpfli SF, Donati TG, Hellermann J, Anwer S, Erhart L, Gruner C, Kaufmann BA, Gencer B, Haager PK, Müller H, Tanner FC. Right ventricle and outcome in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. J Cardiol 2019; 75:20-26. [PMID: 31587941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of adverse events in patients with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is substantial. Information on prognostic factors, however, is limited. This study was designed to assess the prognostic value of right ventricular (RV) size and function in LVNC patients. METHODS Cox regression analyses were used to determine the association of indexed RV end-diastolic area (RV-EDAI), indexed end-diastolic diameter (RV-EDDI), fractional area change (FAC), and tricuspid annular systolic excursion (TAPSE) with the occurrence of death or heart transplantation (composite endpoint). RESULTS Out of 127 patients (53.2 ± 17.8 years; 61% males, median follow-up time was 7.7 years), 17 patients reached the endpoint. In a univariate analysis, RV-EDAI was the strongest predictor of outcome [HR 1.48 (1.24-1.77) per cm2/m2; p < 0.0001]. FAC was predictive as well [HR 1.44 (1.16-1.83) per 5% decrease; p = 0.0009], while TAPSE was not (p=ns). RV-EDAI remained an independent predictor in a bivariable analysis with indexed left ventricular ED volume [HR 1.41 (1.18-1.70) per cm2/m2; p = 0.0002], while analysis of FAC and left ventricular ejection fraction demonstrated that FAC was not independent [HR 1.20 (0.98-1.52); per 5% decrease; p = 0.0721]. RV-EDAI 11.5 cm2/m2 was the best cut-off value for separating patients in terms of outcome. Patients with RV-EDAI >11.5 cm2/m2 had a survival rate of 18.5% over 12 years as compared to 93.8% in patients with RV-EDAI <11.5 cm2/m2 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Increased end-diastolic RV size and decreased systolic RV function are predictors of adverse outcome in patients with LVNC. Patients with RV-EDAI >11.5 cm2/m2 exhibit a significantly lower survival than those <11.5 cm2/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F Stämpfli
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre Lucerne, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Thierry G Donati
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jens Hellermann
- Flury Stiftung, Hospital of Schiers, Department of Internal Medicine, Schiers, Switzerland
| | - Shehab Anwer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ladina Erhart
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Gruner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat A Kaufmann
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Baris Gencer
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philipp K Haager
- Division of Cardiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Hajo Müller
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Felix C Tanner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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11
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Choquet C, Kelly RG, Miquerol L. Defects in Trabecular Development Contribute to Left Ventricular Noncompaction. Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 40:1331-8. [PMID: 31342111 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-019-02161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder the etiology of which is still debated. During fetal development, trabecular cardiomyocytes contribute extensively to the working myocardium and the ventricular conduction system. The impact of developmental defects in trabecular myocardium in the etiology of LVNC has been debated. Recently we generated new mouse models of LVNC by the conditional deletion of the key cardiac transcription factor encoding gene Nkx2-5 in trabecular myocardium at critical steps of trabecular development. These conditional mutant mice recapitulate pathological features similar to those observed in LVNC patients, including a hypertrabeculated left ventricle with deep endocardial recesses, subendocardial fibrosis, conduction defects, strain defects, and progressive heart failure. After discussing recent findings describing the respective contribution of trabecular and compact myocardium during ventricular morphogenesis, this review will focus on new data reflecting the link between trabecular development and LVNC.
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12
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Williams CJA, Greunz EM, Ringgaard S, Hansen K, Bertelsen MF, Wang T. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals high cardiac ejection fractions in red-footed tortoises ( Chelonoidis carbonarius). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.206714. [PMID: 31439654 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.206714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The ejection fraction of the trabeculated cardiac ventricle of reptiles has not previously been measured. Here, we used the gold standard clinical methodology - electrocardiogram-gated flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - to validate stroke volume measurements and end diastolic ventricular blood volume. This produced an estimate of ejection fraction in our study species, the red footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonarius (n=5), under isoflurane anaesthesia of 88±11%. After reduction of the prevailing right-to-left intraventricular shunt through the action of atropine, the ejection fraction was 96±6%. This methodology opens new avenues for studying the complex hearts of ectotherms, and validating hypotheses on the function of a more highly trabeculated heart than that of endotherms, which have lower ejection fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J A Williams
- Section of Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark .,Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Eva M Greunz
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Steffen Ringgaard
- MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Blv. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kasper Hansen
- Section of Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Comparative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Blv. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blv. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mads F Bertelsen
- Center for Zoo and Wild Animal Health, Copenhagen Zoo, Roskildevej 38, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Tobias Wang
- Section of Zoophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Sciences, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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13
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Wengrofsky P, Armenia C, Oleszak F, Kupferstein E, Rednam C, Mitre CA, McFarlane SI. Left Ventricular Trabeculation and Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy: A Review. EC Clin Exp Anat 2019; 2:267-283. [PMID: 31799511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrabeculation and noncompaction are congenital or acquired abnormalities of myocardial anatomy characterized by prominent trabeculations, intertrabecular recesses, and a thin outer epicardial compacted myocardial layer that are most clinically relevant when presenting as left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) cardiomyopathy. Manifesting in isolation or in association with development or acquired cardiomyopathies, and primarily extracardiac genetic syndromes, LVNC predisposes patients to major cardiac and systemic complications, including cardioembolic disease, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Improvements in cardiac imaging modalities such as echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging have increased the identification of hypertrabeculation and LVNC, but overall rates of LVNC cardiomyopathy remain very low. We present a review on the embryonic pathogenesis of trabeculations and noncompaction, genetic and epidemiologic profiles of LVNC, clinical manifestations, diagnostic imaging strategies and criteria, and the approach to family medical genetic screening and management of the major complications of hypertrabeculation and LVNC cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry Wengrofsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Christopher Armenia
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Filip Oleszak
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Eric Kupferstein
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Chandra Rednam
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Brooklyn Campus, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Cristina A Mitre
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Brooklyn Campus, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Samy I McFarlane
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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14
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Abstract
Heart formation involves a complex series of tissue rearrangements, during which regions of the developing organ expand, bend, converge, and protrude in order to create the specific shapes of important cardiac components. Much of this morphogenesis takes place while cardiac function is underway, with blood flowing through the rapidly contracting chambers. Fluid forces are therefore likely to influence the regulation of cardiac morphogenesis, but it is not yet clear how these biomechanical cues direct specific cellular behaviors. In recent years, the optical accessibility and genetic amenability of zebrafish embryos have facilitated unique opportunities to integrate the analysis of flow parameters with the molecular and cellular dynamics underlying cardiogenesis. Consequently, we are making progress toward a comprehensive view of the biomechanical regulation of cardiac chamber emergence, atrioventricular canal differentiation, and ventricular trabeculation. In this review, we highlight a series of studies in zebrafish that have provided new insight into how cardiac function can shape cardiac morphology, with a particular focus on how hemodynamics can impact cardiac cell behavior. Over the long-term, this knowledge will undoubtedly guide our consideration of the potential causes of congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Sidhwani
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Deborah Yelon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Excessive trabeculation attracting a diagnosis of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) has been reported in ostensibly healthy athletes. This review aims to explain why this occurs and whether this represents a spectrum of athletic physiological remodelling or unmasking of occult cardiomyopathy. RECENT FINDINGS Genetic studies have yet to identify a dominant mutation associated with the LVNC phenotype and reported gene mutations overlap with many distinct cardiomyopathies and ion channel disorders, implying that the phenotype is shared across different genetic conditions. Large contemporary cohort studies indicate that current LVNC imaging criteria are oversensitive and not predictive of adverse clinical outcomes. The majority of excessive LV trabeculation, as assessed by current quantification methods, is not due to cardiomyopathy but forms part of the normal continuum in health with potential contributions from cardiac remodelling processes. The study of rare, severe LVNC phenotypes may yield insights into an underlying molecular pathogenesis but in the absence of a universally accepted definition, contamination with aetiologically distinct conditions expressing a similar phenotype will remain an issue. Automated, objective quantification of trabeculation will help to define the normal distribution using big data without the constraint of wide interobserver variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Abela
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
- MSc Sports Cardiology, Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
| | - Andrew D’Silva
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
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16
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Abstract
Trabecular morphogenesis is a key morphologic event during cardiogenesis and contributes to the formation of a competent ventricular wall. Lack of trabeculation results in embryonic lethality. The trabecular morphogenesis is a multistep process that includes, but is not limited to, trabecular initiation, proliferation/growth, specification, and compaction. Although a number of signaling molecules have been implicated in regulating trabeculation, the cellular processes underlying mammalian trabecular formation are not fully understood. Recent works show that the myocardium displays polarity, and oriented cell division (OCD) and directional migration of the cardiomyocytes in the monolayer myocardium are required for trabecular initiation and formation. Furthermore, perpendicular OCD is an extrinsic asymmetric cell division that contributes to trabecular specification, and is a mechanism that causes the trabecular cardiomyocytes to be distinct from the cardiomyocytes in compact zone. Once the coronary vasculature system starts to function in the embryonic heart, the trabeculae will coalesce with the compact zone to thicken the heart wall, and abnormal compaction will lead to left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) and heart failure. There are many reviews about compaction and LVNC. In this review, we will focus on the roles of myocardial polarity and OCD in trabecular initiation, formation, and specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, 43 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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17
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Uribe V, Ramadass R, Dogra D, Rasouli SJ, Gunawan F, Nakajima H, Chiba A, Reischauer S, Mochizuki N, Stainier DYR. In vivo analysis of cardiomyocyte proliferation during trabeculation. Development 2018; 145:145/14/dev164194. [PMID: 30061167 DOI: 10.1242/dev.164194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte proliferation is crucial for cardiac growth, patterning and regeneration; however, few studies have investigated the behavior of dividing cardiomyocytes in vivo Here, we use time-lapse imaging of beating hearts in combination with the FUCCI system to monitor the behavior of proliferating cardiomyocytes in developing zebrafish. Confirming in vitro observations, sarcomere disassembly, as well as changes in cell shape and volume, precede cardiomyocyte cytokinesis. Notably, cardiomyocytes in zebrafish embryos and young larvae mostly divide parallel to the myocardial wall in both the compact and trabecular layers, and cardiomyocyte proliferation is more frequent in the trabecular layer. While analyzing known regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation, we observed that the Nrg/ErbB2 and TGFβ signaling pathways differentially affect compact and trabecular layer cardiomyocytes, indicating that distinct mechanisms drive proliferation in these two layers. In summary, our data indicate that, in zebrafish, cardiomyocyte proliferation is essential for trabecular growth, but not initiation, and set the stage to further investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving cardiomyocyte proliferation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Uribe
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Radhan Ramadass
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Deepika Dogra
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - S Javad Rasouli
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Felix Gunawan
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Ayano Chiba
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Sven Reischauer
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
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18
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Hoog TG, Fredrickson SJ, Hsu CW, Senger SM, Dickinson ME, Udan RS. The effects of reduced hemodynamic loading on morphogenesis of the mouse embryonic heart. Dev Biol 2018; 442:127-137. [PMID: 30012423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of the embryonic heart involves an intricate network of biochemical and genetic cues to ensure its proper growth and morphogenesis. However, studies from avian and teleost models reveal that biomechanical force, namely hemodynamic loading (blood pressure and shear stress), plays a significant role in regulating heart development. To study how hemodynamic loading impacts development of the mammalian embryonic heart, we utilized mouse embryo culture and manipulation techniques and performed optical projection tomography imaging followed by morphometric analysis to determine how reduced-loading affects heart volume, myocardial thickness, trabeculation and looping. Our results reveal that hemodynamic loading can regulate these features at different thresholds. Intermediate levels of hemodynamic loading are sufficient to promote proper myocardial growth and heart size, but insufficient to promote looping and trabeculation. Whereas, low levels of hemodynamic loading fails to promote proper growth of the myocardium and heart size. These results reveal that the regulation of heart development by biomechanical force is conserved across many vertebrate classes, and this study begins to elucidate how these specific forces regulate development of the mammalian heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner G Hoog
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, United States
| | | | - Chih-Wei Hsu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, United States
| | - Steven M Senger
- Department of Mathematics, Missouri State University, United States
| | - Mary E Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, United States
| | - Ryan S Udan
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, United States.
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19
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Abstract
Ventricular myocardial development is a well-orchestrated process involving different cardiac structures, multiple signal pathways, and myriad proteins. Dysregulation of this important developmental event can result in cardiomyopathies, such as left ventricle non-compaction, which affect the pediatric population and the adults. Human and mouse studies have shed light upon the etiology of some cardiomyopathy cases and highlighted the contribution of both genetic and environmental factors. However, the regulation of ventricular myocardial development remains incompletely understood. Zinc is an essential trace metal with structural, enzymatic, and signaling function. Perturbation of zinc homeostasis has resulted in developmental and physiological defects including cardiomyopathy. In this review, we summarize several mechanisms by which zinc and zinc transporters can impact the regulation of ventricular myocardial development. Based on our review, we propose that zinc deficiency and mutations of zinc transporters may underlie some cardiomyopathy cases especially those involving ventricular myocardial development defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Deqiang Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, 800 West Baltimore ST, Rm 314, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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20
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Lai JKH, Collins MM, Uribe V, Jiménez-Amilburu V, Günther S, Maischein HM, Stainier DYR. The Hippo pathway effector Wwtr1 regulates cardiac wall maturation in zebrafish. Development 2018; 145:145/10/dev159210. [PMID: 29773645 DOI: 10.1242/dev.159210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac trabeculation is a highly regulated process that starts with the delamination of compact layer cardiomyocytes. The Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated in cardiac development but many questions remain. We have investigated the role of Wwtr1, a nuclear effector of the Hippo pathway, in zebrafish and find that its loss leads to reduced cardiac trabeculation. However, in mosaic animals, wwtr1-/- cardiomyocytes contribute more frequently than wwtr1+/- cardiomyocytes to the trabecular layer of wild-type hearts. To investigate this paradox, we examined the myocardial wall at early stages and found that compact layer cardiomyocytes in wwtr1-/- hearts exhibit disorganized cortical actin structure and abnormal cell-cell junctions. Accordingly, wild-type cardiomyocytes in mosaic mutant hearts contribute less frequently to the trabecular layer than when present in mosaic wild-type hearts, indicating that wwtr1-/- hearts are not able to support trabeculation. We also found that Nrg/Erbb2 signaling, which is required for trabeculation, could promote Wwtr1 nuclear export in cardiomyocytes. Altogether, these data suggest that Wwtr1 establishes the compact wall architecture necessary for trabeculation, and that Nrg/Erbb2 signaling negatively regulates its nuclear localization and therefore its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason K H Lai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Michelle M Collins
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Veronica Uribe
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Amilburu
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Maischein
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
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21
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Shan S, He X, He L, Wang M, Liu C. Coexistence of congenital left ventricular aneurysm and prominent left ventricular trabeculation in a patient with LDB3 mutation: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2017; 11:229. [PMID: 28821295 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coexistence of congenital left ventricular aneurysm and abnormal cardiac trabeculation with gene mutation has not been reported previously. Here, we report a case of coexisting congenital left ventricular aneurysm and prominent left ventricular trabeculation in a patient with LIM domain binding 3 gene mutation. Case presentation A 30-year-old Asian man showed paroxysmal sinus tachycardia and Q waves in an electrocardiogram health check. There were no specific findings in physical examinations and serological tests. A coronary-computed tomography angiography check showed normal coronary artery and no coronary stenosis. Both left ventricle contrast echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance showed rare patterns of a combination of an apical aneurysm-like out-pouching structure with a wide connection to the left ventricle and prominent left ventricular trabecular meshwork. High-throughput sequencing examinations showed a novel mutation in the LDB3 gene (c.C793>T; p.Arg265Cys). Conclusions Our finding indicates that the phenotypic expression of two heart conditions, congenital left ventricular aneurysm and prominent left ventricular trabeculation, although rare, can occur simultaneously with LDB3 gene mutation. Congenital left ventricular aneurysm and prominent left ventricular trabeculation may share the same genetic background.
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22
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Akerberg AA, Henner A, Stewart S, Stankunas K. Histone demethylases Kdm6ba and Kdm6bb redundantly promote cardiomyocyte proliferation during zebrafish heart ventricle maturation. Dev Biol 2017; 426:84-96. [PMID: 28372944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3) by the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) contributes to localized and inherited transcriptional repression. Kdm6b (Jmjd3) is a H3K27me3 demethylase that can relieve repression-associated H3K27me3 marks, thereby supporting activation of previously silenced genes. Kdm6b is proposed to contribute to early developmental cell fate specification, cardiovascular differentiation, and/or later steps of organogenesis, including endochondral bone formation and lung development. We pursued loss-of-function studies in zebrafish to define the conserved developmental roles of Kdm6b. kdm6ba and kdm6bb homozygous deficient zebrafish are each viable and fertile. However, loss of both kdm6ba and kdm6bb shows Kdm6b proteins share redundant and pleiotropic roles in organogenesis without impacting initial cell fate specification. In the developing heart, co-expressed Kdm6b proteins promote cardiomyocyte proliferation coupled with the initial stages of cardiac trabeculation. While newly formed trabecular cardiomyocytes display a striking transient decrease in bulk cellular H3K27me3 levels, this demethylation is independent of collective Kdm6b. Our results indicate a restricted and likely locus-specific role for Kdm6b demethylases during heart ventricle maturation rather than initial cardiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Akerberg
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States; Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States
| | - Astra Henner
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States
| | - Scott Stewart
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States
| | - Kryn Stankunas
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States; Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1229, United States.
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23
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André F, Burger A, Loßnitzer D, Buss SJ, Abdel-Aty H, Giannitsis E, Steen H, Katus HA. Response to the letter "Exclude pregnancy, vigorous exercise and myopathy before diagnosing noncompaction in healthy subjects". Int J Cardiol 2016; 214:241-2. [PMID: 27077541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian André
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany..
| | - Astrid Burger
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Dirk Loßnitzer
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Sebastian J Buss
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hassan Abdel-Aty
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Evangelos Giannitsis
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Henning Steen
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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24
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Samsa LA, Givens C, Tzima E, Stainier DYR, Qian L, Liu J. Cardiac contraction activates endocardial Notch signaling to modulate chamber maturation in zebrafish. Development 2016; 142:4080-91. [PMID: 26628092 DOI: 10.1242/dev.125724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease often features structural abnormalities that emerge during development. Accumulating evidence indicates a crucial role for cardiac contraction and the resulting fluid forces in shaping the heart, yet the molecular basis of this function is largely unknown. Using the zebrafish as a model of early heart development, we investigated the role of cardiac contraction in chamber maturation, focusing on the formation of muscular protrusions called trabeculae. By genetic and pharmacological ablation of cardiac contraction, we showed that cardiac contraction is required for trabeculation through its role in regulating notch1b transcription in the ventricular endocardium. We also showed that Notch1 activation induces expression of ephrin b2a (efnb2a) and neuregulin 1 (nrg1) in the endocardium to promote trabeculation and that forced Notch activation in the absence of cardiac contraction rescues efnb2a and nrg1 expression. Using in vitro and in vivo systems, we showed that primary cilia are important mediators of fluid flow to stimulate Notch expression. Together, our findings describe an essential role for cardiac contraction-responsive transcriptional changes in endocardial cells to regulate cardiac chamber maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Samsa
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chris Givens
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eleni Tzima
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim 61231, Germany
| | - Li Qian
- McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- McAllister Heart Institute, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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25
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Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying cardiogenesis are of critical biomedical importance due to the high prevalence of cardiac birth defects. Over the past two decades, the zebrafish has served as a powerful model organism for investigating heart development, facilitated by its powerful combination of optical access to the embryonic heart and plentiful opportunities for genetic analysis. Work in zebrafish has identified numerous factors that are required for various aspects of heart formation, including the specification and differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells, the morphogenesis of the heart tube, cardiac chambers, and atrioventricular canal, and the establishment of proper cardiac function. However, our current roster of regulators of cardiogenesis is by no means complete. It is therefore valuable for ongoing studies to continue pursuit of additional genes and pathways that control the size, shape, and function of the zebrafish heart. An extensive arsenal of techniques is available to distinguish whether particular mutations, morpholinos, or small molecules disrupt specific processes during heart development. In this chapter, we provide a guide to the experimental strategies that are especially effective for the characterization of cardiac phenotypes in the zebrafish embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Houk
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - D Yelon
- University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
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26
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Abstract
Organogenesis requires an intricate balance between cell differentiation and tissue growth to generate a complex and fully functional organ. However, organogenesis is not solely driven by genetic inputs, as the development of several organ systems requires their own functionality. This theme is particularly evident in the developing heart as progression of cardiac development is accompanied by increased and altered hemodynamic forces. In the absence or disruption of these forces, heart development is abnormal, suggesting that the heart must sense these changes and respond appropriately. Here, we discuss concepts of how embryonic heart function contributes to heart development using lessons learned mostly from studies in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Collins
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Didier Y R Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.
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27
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Abstract
The cardiovascular system in adult organisms forms a network of interconnected endothelial cells, supported by mural cells and displaying a high degree of hierarchy: arteries emerging from the heart ramify into arterioles and then capillaries, which return to the venous systems through venules and veins. The cardiovascular system allows blood circulation, which in turn is essential for hemostasis through gas diffusion, nutrient distribution, and cell trafficking. In this chapter, we have summarized the current knowledge on how adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) impact heart development, followed by their role in modulating vascular angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentian Musa
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 12, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Felix B Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 12, Erlangen, 91054, Germany.
| | - Colin Niaudet
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala, 751 85, Sweden.
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28
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Staudt DW, Liu J, Thorn KS, Stuurman N, Liebling M, Stainier DYR. High-resolution imaging of cardiomyocyte behavior reveals two distinct steps in ventricular trabeculation. Development 2014; 141:585-93. [PMID: 24401373 DOI: 10.1242/dev.098632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of development, the vertebrate heart undergoes a series of complex morphogenetic processes that transforms it from a simple myocardial epithelium to the complex 3D structure required for its function. One of these processes leads to the formation of trabeculae to optimize the internal structure of the ventricle for efficient conduction and contraction. Despite the important role of trabeculae in the development and physiology of the heart, little is known about their mechanism of formation. Using 3D time-lapse imaging of beating zebrafish hearts, we observed that the initiation of cardiac trabeculation can be divided into two processes. Before any myocardial cell bodies have entered the trabecular layer, cardiomyocytes extend protrusions that invade luminally along neighboring cell-cell junctions. These protrusions can interact within the trabecular layer to form new cell-cell contacts. Subsequently, cardiomyocytes constrict their abluminal surface, moving their cell bodies into the trabecular layer while elaborating more protrusions. We also examined the formation of these protrusions in trabeculation-deficient animals, including erbb2 mutants, tnnt2a morphants, which lack cardiac contractions and flow, and myh6 morphants, which lack atrial contraction and exhibit reduced flow. We found that, compared with cardiomyocytes in wild-type hearts, those in erbb2 mutants were less likely to form protrusions, those in tnnt2a morphants formed less stable protrusions, and those in myh6 morphants extended fewer protrusions per cell. Thus, through detailed 4D imaging of beating hearts, we have identified novel cellular behaviors underlying cardiac trabeculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Staudt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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