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Westlund KN, Montera M, Goins AE, Shilling MW, Afaghpour-Becklund M, Alles SR, Hui SE. Epigenetic HDAC5 Inhibitor Reverses Craniofacial Neuropathic Pain in Mice. J Pain 2024; 25:428-450. [PMID: 37777035 PMCID: PMC10842645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Identifying and resolving molecular complexities underlying chronic neuropathic pain is a significant challenge. Among the numerous classes of histone deacetylases, Class I (HDAC 1-3) and Class III (sirtuins) have been best studied in experimental pain models where inhibitor pre-treatments but not post-treatments abrogate the development of pain-related behaviors. Post-treatment here in week 3 with less well-studied Class IIa HDAC4/5 selective inhibitor LMK235 diminishes the trigeminal ganglia increases of HDAC5 RNA and protein in two chronic orofacial neuropathic pain models to levels measured in naïve mice at week 10 post-model induction. HDAC4 RNA reported in lower limb inflammatory pain models is not evident in the trigeminal models. Many other gene alterations persisting at week 10 in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) are restored to naïve levels in mice treated with LMK235. Important pain-related upregulated genes Hoxc8,b9,d8; P2rx4, Cckbr, growth hormone (Gh), and schlafen (Slfn4) are greatly reduced in LMK235-treated mice. Fold increase in axon regeneration/repair genes Sostdc1, TTr, and Folr1 after injury are doubled by LMK235 treatment. LMK235 reduces the excitability of trigeminal ganglia neurons in culture isolated from nerve injured mice compared to vehicle-treated controls, with no effect on neurons from naïve mice. Electrophysiological characterization profile includes a shift where ∼20% of the small neurons recorded under LMK235-treated conditions are high threshold, whereas none of the neurons under control conditions have high thresholds. LMK235 reverses long-standing mechanical and cold hypersensitivity in chronic trigeminal neuropathic pain models in males and females (5,10 mg/kg), preventing development of anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. PERSPECTIVE: Data here support HDAC5 as key epigenetic factor in chronic trigeminal neuropathic pain persistence, validated with the study of RNA alterations, TG neuronal excitability, and pain-related behaviors. HDAC5 inhibitor given in week 3 restores RNA balance at 10 weeks, while upregulation remains for response to wound healing and chronic inflammation RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin N. Westlund
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Marena Montera
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Aleyah E. Goins
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Mark W. Shilling
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Mitra Afaghpour-Becklund
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - Sascha R.A. Alles
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
| | - S. Elise Hui
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131
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Wang Z, Ma H, Nasir A, Liu S, Li Z, Tao F, Bai Q. TET1-mediated epigenetic regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α in trigeminal ganglia contributes to chronic temporomandibular joint pain. Life Sci 2024; 336:122283. [PMID: 37993094 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Chronic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain profoundly affects patients' quality of life. Trigeminal tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) plays a pivotal role in mediating TMJ pain in mice, yet the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain enigmatic. To unravel these epigenetic intricacies, we employed a multifaceted approach. Hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation (hMeDIP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by qPCR were employed to investigate the demethylation of TNFα gene (Tnfa) and its regulation by ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) in a chronic TMJ pain mouse model. The global levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmc) and percentage of 5hmc at the Tnfa promoter region were measured in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) and spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or saline treatment. TET1 knockdown and pain behavioral testing were conducted to ascertain the role of TET1-mediated epigenetic regulation of TNFα in the pathogenesis of chronic TMJ pain. Our finding revealed an increase in 5hmc at the Tnfa promoter region in both TG and Sp5C of CFA-treated mice. TET1 was upregulated in the mouse TG, and the ChIP result showed TET1 direct binding to the Tnfa promoter, with higher efficiency in the CFA-treated group. Immunofluorescence revealed the predominant expression of TET1 in trigeminal neurons. TET1 knockdown in the TG significantly reversed CFA-induced TNFα upregulation and alleviated chronic TMJ pain. In conclusion, our study implicates TET1 as a vital epigenetic regulator contributing to chronic inflammatory TMJ pain via trigeminal TNFα signaling. Targeting TET1 holds promise for epigenetic interventions in TMJ pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhisong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (HT)/serotonin receptor agonism has been a long-recognized property of triptan medications, and more recently, the study and development of medications with selective binding to the 1F receptor subtype have been explored. While the exact mechanism contributing to decreased symptoms of an acute migraine attack remains unclear, selective 5-HT1F agonists have demonstrated clinical efficacy with lasmiditan as the only approved medication from this class to date. Lasmiditan lacks vasoconstrictive properties, giving it utility in specific patient populations in whom triptans should be avoided. Availability, central nervous system (CNS) side effects, and 8-hour driving restriction may affect its clinical use.
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Shang Y, Li Y, Yang Z, Zhou Z. Upregulation of TACAN in the trigeminal ganglion affects pain transduction in acute pulpitis. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 143:105530. [PMID: 36088852 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute pulpitis is one of the common causes of tooth pain. TACAN (Tmem120a) is a newly identified ion channel that senses mechanical pain. In this experiment, we studied the expression of the TACAN ion channel in the trigeminal ganglia in a rat model of pulpitis to explore the correlation between the expression of this ion channel and inflammatory pain. DESIGN Lipopolysaccharide was used to induce acute pulpitis in rats, and pulpitis was assessed histologically. The facial pain threshold of the rats was measured by the von Frey test. TACAN mRNA expression in rat dental pulp and the trigeminal nerve was measured by qPCR, and TACAN protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia was evaluated by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Antisense oligonucleotides were used to reduce TACAN protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia, and the change in the pain threshold in the rats with acute pulpitis was determined. RESULTS The results showed that the TACAN transcript level in rat pulp tissue increased under inflammatory conditions, and we proved that pulpitis increased TACAN protein expression in the rat ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia. The facial pain threshold was decreased in rats with pulpitis. A short-term decrease in TACAN protein expression could improve the pain threshold. CONCLUSIONS With the development of pulpitis after bacterial infection, the upregulation of TACAN expression in the trigeminal ganglia promoted pain sensitivity. A short-term reduction in TACAN expression relieved pain. Therefore, this study indicated that TACAN is a potential target channel for new analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Shang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueheng Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengyan Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
| | - Zhi Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Kim SA, Jang JH, Kim W, Lee PR, Kim YH, Vang H, Lee K, Oh SB. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Elicit Acute and Chronic Itch via Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 Activation in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2022. [PMID: 35294713 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) that are overproduced by mitochondrial dysfunction are linked to pathological conditions including sensory abnormalities. Here, we explored whether mROS overproduction induces itch through transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3), which is sensitive to ROS. Intradermal injection of antimycin A (AA), a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III for mROS overproduction, produced robust scratching behavior in naïve mice, which was suppressed by MitoTEMPO, a mitochondria-selective ROS scavenger, and Pyr10, a TRPC3-specific blocker, but not by blockers of TRPA1 or TRPV1. AA activated subsets of trigeminal ganglion neurons and also induced inward currents, which were blocked by MitoTEMPO and Pyr10. Besides, dry skin-induced chronic scratching was relieved by MitoTEMPO and Pyr10, and also by resveratrol, an antioxidant. Taken together, our results suggest that mROS elicit itch through TRPC3, which may underlie chronic itch, representing a potential therapeutic target for chronic itch.
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Zhang B, Yang Y, Yi J, Zhao Z, Ye R. Ablation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1-expressing neurons in rat trigeminal ganglia aggravated bone resorption in periodontitis with diabetes. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105293. [PMID: 34741999 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the contribution of neurons expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) to alveolar bone homeostasis in periodontitis with diabetes. DESIGN Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection in Sprague-Dawley rats. Resiniferatoxin was injected into left trigeminal ganglia to ablate TRPV1-expressing neurons. 3-0 silks were tied around left maxillary second molars to induce experimental periodontitis. Alveolar bone was assessed by micro-computed tomography and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining. Macrophages were detected by immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS TRPV1 expression in trigeminal ganglia was increased in diabetic rats compared to non-diabetic counterparts. Local ablation of TRPV1 eliminated facial heat hyperalgesia but aggravated alveolar bone damage and osteoclastogenesis in experimental periodontitis in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Immunohistochemistry staining presented enhanced macrophage infiltration and M1 macrophage polarization in periodontal lesions in TRPV1-ablated groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that TRPV1 expression in trigeminal ganglia could be enhanced in diabetic condition, and the integrity of TRPV1-expressing neurons in trigeminal ganglia exerted a neuroprotective effect against alveolar bone resorption and inflammation in diabetic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of General Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianru Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Yazğan Y, Nazıroğlu M. Involvement of TRPM2 in the Neurobiology of Experimental Migraine: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5581-5601. [PMID: 34370177 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial oxidative stress (OS) of trigeminal ganglia (TG) have essential roles in the etiology of migraine headache and aura. The stimulation of TRPM2 channel via the generation of OS and ADP-ribose (ADPR) induces pain, inflammatory, and oxidative neurotoxicity, although its inhibition reduces the intensity of pain and neurotoxicity in several neurons. However, the cellular and molecular effects of TRPM2 in the TG of migraine model (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN) on the induction of pain, OS, apoptosis, and inflammation remain elusive. GTN-mediated increases of pain intensity, apoptosis, death, cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS, caspase -3, caspase -9, cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and cytokine generations (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the TG of TRPM2 wild-type mouse were further increased by the TRPM2 activation, although they were modulated by the treatments of GSH, PARP-1 inhibitors (PJ34 and DPQ), and TRPM2 blockers (ACA and 2APB). However, the effects of GTN were not observed in the TG of TRPM2 knockout mice. The current data indicate that the maintaining activation of TRPM2 is not only important for the quenching OS, inflammation, and neurotoxicity in the TG neurons of mice with experimental migraine but also equally critical to the modulation of GTN-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener Yazğan
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture and Industry Ltd, Isparta, Turkey. .,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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Feldman-Goriachnik R, Hanani M. How do neurons in sensory ganglia communicate with satellite glial cells? Brain Res 2021; 1760:147384. [PMID: 33631206 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) in sensory ganglia maintain bidirectional communications that are believed to be largely mediated by chemical messengers. Nerve injury leads to SGC activation, which was proposed to be mediated by nitric oxide (NO) released from active neurons, but evidence for this is lacking. Here we tested the idea that increased neuronal firing is a major factor in NO release. We activated neurons in isolated dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia from mice with capsaicin (5 µM), which acts on transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels in small neurons. We found that capsaicin induced SGC activation, as assayed by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) upregulation, and an NO-donor had a similar effect. Incubating the ganglia in capsaicin in the presence of the NO-synthase inhibitor L-NAME (100 µM) prevented the GFAP upregulation. We also found that capsaicin caused an increase in SGC-SGC coupling, which was shown previously to accompany SGC activation. To test the contribution of ATP to the actions of capsaicin, we incubated the ganglia with capsaicin in the presence of P2 purinergic receptor inhibitor suramin (100 µM), which prevented the capsaicin-induced GFAP upregulation. Size analysis indicated that although capsaicin acts mainly on small neurons, SGCs around neurons of all sizes were affected by capsaicin, suggesting a spread of signals from small neurons to neighboring cells. We conclude that neuronal excitation leads to NO release, which induces SGCs activation. It appears that ATP participates in NO's action, possibly by interaction with TRPV1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Feldman-Goriachnik
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91240, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Menachem Hanani
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91240, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Lyu J, Wen J, Guo R, Zhu Y, Liang H, Gao M, Wang H, Lai W, Long H. Botulinum toxin A alleviates orofacial nociception induced by orthodontic tooth movement through nociceptin/orphanin-FQ pathway in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 117:104817. [PMID: 32603879 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect and mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) in the modulation of orofacial nociception induced by orthodontic tooth movement in rats. METHODS An orofacial nociception model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by ligating closed-coil springs between incisors and ipsilateral molars. There were two group sets of animals. For the first group set, 120 rats were randomly divided into four groups: no-force group (n = 30), force + saline group (n = 30), force + low dose BoNT/A group (1U/6 μL, n = 30), and force + high dose BoNT/A group (1U/6 μL, n = 30). BoNT/A and saline were injected into periodontal ligament to explore the nociceptive effect of BoNT/A. Ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia (TG) were harvested for detecting the expression levels of nociceptin/orphanin-FQ (N/OFQ). For the second group set, 36 rats were randomly divided into three force groups: BoNT/A + saline group (n = 12), BoNT/A + UFP-101 group (n = 12), and saline + UFP-101 group (n = 12). A potent N/OFQ receptor (NOP) antagonist (UFP-101) was used to examine the role of N/OFQ in BoNT/A-induced antinociception. Tooth-movement nociception level of all groups was evaluated by bite force and rat grimace scale (RGS) at baseline, day 1, day 3, day 5, day 7, day 14. RESULTS The behavioral assessments showed the orofacial nociception level in the force + low dose BoNT/A group and force + high dose BoNT/A group were lower than that in the force + saline group. No significant difference was observed in orofacial nociception among no-force group, force + low dose and force + high dose group. The expression levels of N/OFQ in TG were elevated from day 1 and maintained a high level, presenting in descending order among the force + high dose, force + low dose, force + saline and no-force group, respectively. The nociception level of the BoNT/A + UFP-101 group was higher than that of the BoNT/A + saline group. No significant difference was observed between the BoNT/A + UFP-101 group and the saline + UFP-101 group. CONCLUSIONS BoNT/A can exert an antinociceptive effect on orofacial nociception induced by tooth movement by stimulating the expression of N/OFQ in TG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Lyu
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yafen Zhu
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyan Liang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiya Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Wang
- The Plastic and Cosmetic Center, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenli Lai
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Long
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wang E, Ye Y, Zhang K, Yang J, Gong D, Zhang J, Hong R, Zhang H, Li L, Chen G, Yang L, Liu J, Cao H, Du T, Fraser NW, Cheng L, Cao X, Zhou J. Longitudinal transcriptomic characterization of viral genes in HSV-1 infected tree shrew trigeminal ganglia. Virol J 2020; 17:95. [PMID: 32641145 PMCID: PMC7341572 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following acute infection, Herpes Simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latency and recurrent reactivation in the sensory neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG). Infected tree shrew differs from mouse and show characteristics similar to human infection. A detailed transcriptomic analysis of the tree shrew model could provide mechanistic insights into HSV-1 infection in humans. METHODS We sequenced the transcriptome of infected TGs from tree shrews and mice, and 4 human donors, then examined viral genes expression up to 58 days in infected TGs from mouse and tree shrew, and compare the latency data with that in human TGs. RESULTS Here, we found that all HSV-1 genes could be detected in mouse TGs during acute infection, but 22 viral genes necessary for viral transcription, replication and viral maturation were not expressed in tree shrew TGs during this stage. Importantly, during latency, we found that LAT could be detected both in mouse and tree shrew, but the latter also has an ICP0 transcript signal absent in mouse but present in human samples. Importantly, we observed that infected human and tree shrew TGs have a more similar LAT region transcription peak. More importantly, we observed that HSV-1 spontaneously reactivates from latently infected tree shrews with relatively high efficiency. CONCLUSIONS These results represent the first longitudinal transcriptomic characterization of HSV-1 infection in during acute, latency and recurrent phases, and revealed that tree shrew infection has important similar features with human infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunshuang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.,Department of medicine laboratory, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- BGI-Yunnan, BGI-Shenzhen, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.,College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daohua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Renjun Hong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Guijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianmei Liu
- BGI-Yunnan, BGI-Shenzhen, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Hanyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Du
- Key Laboratory of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Nigel W Fraser
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
| | - Le Cheng
- BGI-Yunnan, BGI-Shenzhen, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.
| | - Jumin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanism of the Chinese Academy of Science/Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
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11
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Bai X, Wang C, Zhang X, Feng Y, Zhang X. The role of testosterone in mu-opioid receptor expression in the trigeminal ganglia of opioid-tolerant rats. Neurosci Lett 2020; 723:134868. [PMID: 32109552 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although tolerance serves as a major limitation in the long-term clinical use of opioids in patients with chronic severe pain, mechanisms of opioid tolerance are poorly understood. In this study, a morphine tolerance model was established by subcutaneously injecting male rats with morphine (10 mg/kg) twice a day for 10 consecutive days. In addition, a subset of morphine-tolerant rats underwent testosterone replacement therapy. The levels of mu-opioid receptor (MOR) mRNA and protein in the trigeminal ganglia (TGs) of morphine-tolerant versus control rats and of morphine-tolerant rats with vs. without testosterone replacement therapy were measured. We found that testosterone levels were significantly lower in morphine-tolerant rats than in the controls (1.248 ± 0.231 ng/ml vs. 2.223 ± 0.153 ng/ ml, respectively; p = 0.008). Furthermore, chronic morphine exposure led to a downregulation in the levels of MOR mRNA to 79.3%, and of MOR protein to 68.9%. Testosterone replacement therapy restored MOR mRNA and protein levels specifically in rats who had developed a tolerance to morphine, thereby suggesting a potential role of testosterone in the opioid-receptor response to chronic morphine exposure. In summary, our study provides evidence for the involvement of testosterone in the proper regulation of the peripheral MOR system in rats following prolonged morphine exposure. We also suggest that analgesic therapeutic measures should take into account the testosterone levels of patients who have built up a tolerance to morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Bai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
| | - Xuedi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
| | - Yingbo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, PR China.
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12
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Targowska-Duda KM, Ozawa A, Bertels Z, Cippitelli A, Marcus JL, Mielke-Maday HK, Zribi G, Rainey AN, Kieffer BL, Pradhan AA, Toll L. NOP receptor agonist attenuates nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like symptoms in mice. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108029. [PMID: 32278976 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is an extraordinarily prevalent and disabling headache disorder that affects one billion people worldwide. Throbbing pain is one of several migraine symptoms including sensitivity to light (photophobia), sometimes to sounds, smell and touch. The basic mechanisms underlying migraine remain inadequately understood, and current treatments (with triptans being the primary standard of care) are not well tolerated by some patients. NOP (Nociceptin OPioid) receptors, the fourth member of the opioid receptor family, are expressed in the brain and periphery with particularly high expression known to be in trigeminal ganglia (TG). The aim of our study was to further explore the involvement of the NOP receptor system in migraine. To this end, we used immunohistochemistry to examine NOP receptor distribution in TG and trigeminal nucleus caudalus (TNC) in mice, including colocalization with specific cellular markers, and used nitroglycerin (NTG) models of migraine to assess the influence of the selective NOP receptor agonist, Ro 64-6198, on NTG-induced pain (sensitivity of paw and head using von Frey filaments) and photophobia in mice. Our immunohistochemical studies with NOP-eGFP knock-in mice indicate that NOP receptors are on the majority of neurons in the TG and are also very highly expressed in the TNC. In addition, Ro 64-6198 can dose dependently block NTG-induced paw and head allodynia, an effect that is blocked by the NOP antagonist, SB-612111. Moreover, Ro 64-6198, can decrease NTG-induced light sensitivity in mice. These results suggest that NOP receptor agonists should be futher explored as treatment for migraine symptoms. This article is part of the special issue on Neuropeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Targowska-Duda
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States; Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Akihiko Ozawa
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Zachariah Bertels
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Andrea Cippitelli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Jason L Marcus
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Hanna K Mielke-Maday
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Gilles Zribi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Amanda N Rainey
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Dep. of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; INSERM U1114, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amynah A Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lawrence Toll
- Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States.
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13
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Martinez-Chavez E, Scheerer C, Wizenmann A, Blaess S. The zinc-finger transcription factor GLI3 is a regulator of precerebellar neuronal migration. Development 2018; 145:dev.166033. [PMID: 30470704 DOI: 10.1242/dev.166033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hindbrain precerebellar neurons arise from progenitor pools at the dorsal edge of the embryonic hindbrain: the caudal rhombic lip. These neurons follow distinct migratory routes to establish nuclei that provide climbing or mossy fiber inputs to the cerebellum. Gli3, a zinc-finger transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, is an important regulator of dorsal brain development. We demonstrate that in Gli3-null mutant mice, disrupted neuronal migratory streams lead to a disorganization of precerebellar nuclei. Precerebellar progenitors are properly established in Gli3-null embryos and, using conditional gene inactivation, we provide evidence that Gli3 does not play a cell-autonomous role in migrating precerebellar neurons. Thus, GLI3 likely regulates the development of other hindbrain structures, such as non-precerebellar nuclei or cranial ganglia and their respective projections, which may in turn influence precerebellar migration. Although the organization of non-precerebellar hindbrain nuclei appears to be largely unaffected in absence of Gli3, trigeminal ganglia and their central descending tracts are disrupted. We show that rostrally migrating precerebellar neurons are normally in close contact with these tracts, but are detached in Gli3-null embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Martinez-Chavez
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Scheerer
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Wizenmann
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, Department of Anatomy, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Blaess
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Kawahara A, Morita H, Yanagi K, Suzuki H, Mori T, Ohga R, Taimatsu K. Spatiotemporal expression of the cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like (cart-like) gene during zebrafish embryogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns 2018; 30:1-6. [PMID: 30125742 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) genes are involved in the neural regulation of energy homeostasis; however, their developmental expressions and functions are not fully understood in vertebrates. We have identified a novel zebrafish cart-like gene that encodes a protein of 105 amino acids possessing sequence similarity to zebrafish and mammalian CART proteins. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the cart-like transcripts were maternally supplied and gradually decreased during the cleavage, blastula and gastrula stages; then, transcripts subsequently reaccumulated at the segmentation, pharyngula and hatching stages. Based on a whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis using an antisense cart-like RNA probe, we found that the cart-like transcript was predominantly expressed in both the Rohon-Beard neurons and trigeminal ganglia, suggesting the involvement of the cart-like gene in zebrafish neural development.
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15
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Fan PC, Lai TH, Hor CC, Lee MT, Huang P, Sieghart W, Ernst M, Knutson DE, Cook J, Chiou LC. The α6 subunit-containing GABA A receptor: A novel drug target for inhibition of trigeminal activation. Neuropharmacology 2018; 140:1-13. [PMID: 30016665 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Novel treatments against migraine are an urgent medical requirement. The α6 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (α6GABAARs) are expressed in trigeminal ganglia (TG), the hub of the trigeminal vascular system (TGVS) that is involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. Here we reveal an unprecedented role of α6GABAARs in ameliorating TGVS activation using several pharmacological approaches in an animal model mimicking pathological changes in migraine. TGVS activation was induced by intra-cisternal (i.c.) instillation of capsaicin in Wistar rats. Centrally, i.c. capsaicin activated the trigeminal cervical complex (TCC) measured by the increased number of c-Fos-immunoreactive (c-Fos-ir) TCC neurons. Peripherally, it elevated calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity (CGRP-ir) in TG and depleted CGRP-ir in the dura mater. Pharmacological approaches included a recently identified α6GABAAR-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM), the pyrazoloquinolinone Compound 6, two α6GABAAR-active PAMs (Ro15-4513 and loreclezole), an α6GABAAR-inactive benzodiazepine (diazepam), an α6GABAAR-selective antagonist (furosemide), and a clinically effective antimigraine agent (topiramate). We examined effects of these compounds on both central and peripheral TGVS responses induced by i.c. capsaicin. Compound 6 (3-10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly attenuated the TCC neuronal activation and TG CGRP-ir elevation, and dural CGRP depletion induced by capsaicin. All these effects of Compound 6 were mimicked by topiramate, Ro15-4513 and loreclezole, but not by diazepam. The brain-impermeable furosemide antagonized the peripheral, but not central, effects of Compound 6. These results suggest that the α6GABAAR in TG is a novel drug target for TGVS activation and that α6GABAAR-selective PAMs have the potential to be developed as a novel pharmacotherapy for migraine.
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16
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Bai Q, Liu S, Shu H, Tang Y, George S, Dong T, Schmidt BL, Tao F. TNFα in the Trigeminal Nociceptive System Is Critical for Temporomandibular Joint Pain. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:278-291. [PMID: 29696511 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is significantly increased in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-treated temporomandibular joint (TMJ) tissues. However, it is unclear whether TNFα in the trigeminal nociceptive system contributes to the development of TMJ pain. In the present study, we investigated the role of TNFα in trigeminal ganglia (TG) and spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) in CFA-induced inflammatory TMJ pain. Intra-TMJ injection of CFA (10 μl, 5 mg/ml) induced inflammatory pain in the trigeminal nerve V2- and V3-innervated skin areas of WT mice, which was present on day 1 after CFA and persisted for at least 10 days. TNFα in both TG and Sp5C of WT mice was upregulated after CFA injection. The CFA-induced TMJ pain was significantly inhibited in TNFα KO mice. The immunofluorescence staining showed that intra-TMJ CFA injection not only enhanced co-localization of TNFα with Iba1 (a marker for microglia) in both TG and Sp5C but also markedly increased the expression of TNFα in the Sp5C neurons. By the methylated DNA immunoprecipitation assay, we also found that DNA methylation at the TNF gene promoter region in the TG was dramatically diminished after CFA injection, indicating that epigenetic regulation may be involved in the CFA-enhanced TNFα expression in our model. Our results suggest that TNFα in the trigeminal nociceptive system plays a critical role in CFA-induced inflammatory TMJ pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital at Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, 2 Jingba Rd, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Shu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sanjeeth George
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Tieli Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital at Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, 2 Jingba Rd, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Brian L Schmidt
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA. .,Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
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17
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Bai X, Zhang X, Zhou Q. Effect of Testosterone on TRPV1 Expression in a Model of Orofacial Myositis Pain in the Rat. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 64:93-101. [PMID: 29209900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-1009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical studies have revealed sex differences in response to transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonist-induced pain. However, the mechanism of these differences in TRPV1-related chronic pain remains unclear. In the present study, we investigate the effects of inflammation and gonadal hormones on TRPV1 expression in trigeminal ganglia. Inflammatory pain was modeled by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) into the left masseter muscle in rats. TRPV1 mRNA and protein levels in the trigeminal ganglia of male and female rats following CFA injection were assessed. CFA-induced changes in TRPV1 mRNA and protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia from orchidectomized (ODX) male rats and testosterone-replaced ODX rats were examined. Additionally, TRPV1 mRNA levels in the trigeminal ganglia from ovariectomized (OVX) female and ODX male rats treated with tamoxifen were assessed. We found that the levels of TRPV1 mRNA and protein in the trigeminal ganglia from female rats following CFA injection were significantly higher than in the ganglia from naïve female rats. CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia did not alter TRPV1 expression in the trigeminal ganglia from male rats. The TRPV1 mRNA and protein expression levels in the ODX male trigeminal ganglia were significantly upregulated on day 3 following the initiation of inflammation. However, CFA-induced inflammatory pain had no significant effect on TRPV1 mRNA or protein expression in testosterone-replaced ODX rats. Furthermore, tamoxifen was unable to inhibit the upregulation of TRPV1 expression in OVX female and ODX male rats after CFA injection. In summary, these data indicate that gender differences in TRPV1 function may be, in part, mediated by sex-dependent TRPV1 expression in sensory ganglia. Testosterone plays a key role in the inhibition of TRPV1 expression in this rat chronic inflammatory pain model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Bai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 117 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110002, People's Republic of China
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18
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Qin G, Gui B, Xie J, Chen L, Chen L, Cui Z, Zhou J, Tan G. Tetrandrine Alleviates Nociception in a Rat Model of Migraine via Suppressing S100B and p-ERK Activation in Satellite Glial Cells of the Trigeminal Ganglia. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 64:29-38. [PMID: 29147842 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensitization and activation of the trigeminal ganglia have been implicated in the pathology of migraine. Satellite glial cells (SGCs), a specialized type of glial cells that ensheathe trigeminal neurons, may be critical for peripheral nociceptive sensitization. Tetrandrine (TET), an alkaloid extracted from a traditional Chinese herb, exerts an inhibitory effect on glial activation in vitro and has been used in various neurologic diseases. The current study investigated the effect of TET on nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced trigeminal sensitization and examined potential signaling pathways related to SGC activation in the model of migraine. We measured trigeminal nociceptive thresholds using electronic von Frey rigid tips before and after NTG injection in control rats and rats pretreated with TET, while expression and subcellular location of the inflammatory mediators S100B and activated phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and double immunofluorescence staining. Pretreatment with TET caused a dose-dependent reversal of the trigeminal nociceptive hypersensitivity induced by NTG. In addition, TET pretreatment blocked the activation of S100B and p-ERK in trigeminal ganglion SGCs of NTG-treated rats. Reduced p-ERK activity can suppress the inflammation that leads to hyperexcitability of trigeminal ganglion neurons. Administration of TET may therefore be a safe and effective therapeutic treatment for the hyperalgesic symptoms of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcheng Qin
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bei Gui
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingmei Xie
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lianlian Chen
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Cui
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiying Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ge Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China
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19
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Mesquita LP, Costa RC, Fusuma MM, Bruhn FRP, Mori E, Pituco EM, Mori CMC, Weiblen R, Maiorka PC. Susceptibility of mice to bovine herpesvirus type 5 infection in the central nervous system. Vet Res Commun 2017; 41:279-88. [PMID: 28942490 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-017-9699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) is an important pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis in cattle. Few studies have used the mouse as a model for BoHV-5 infection. Despite the fact that BoHV-5 can infect mice with immune deficiencies, little is known about viral replication, immune response, and the course of infection in the central nervous system (CNS) of wild-type mice. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response in the CNS of BALB/c mice acutely infected with BoHV-5 at different days post-inoculation (dpi). BoHV-5, when inoculated intracranially, was able to infect and replicate within the CNS of BALB/c mice. Until 15 dpi, the mice were able to survive without showing prominent neurological signs. The infection was accompanied by a Th1 immune response, with a significant expression of the cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α and chemokine CCL-2. The expression of these cytokines and chemokines was most significant in the early course of infection (3 and 4 dpi), and it was followed by meningoencephalitis with perivascular cuffing and periventriculitis, composed mainly of macrophages and lymphocytes. After the expression of cytokines and chemokine, the mice were able to curb BoHV-5 acute infection in the brain, since there was a decrease in the number of BoHV-5 DNA copies after 3 dpi and viable viral particles were not detected after 6 dpi. Importantly, BoHV-5 was able to infect the trigeminal ganglia during acute infection, since a large number of BoHV-5 DNA copies were detected on 1 and 2 dpi.
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20
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Stinson C, Deng M, Yee MB, Bellinger LL, Kinchington PR, Kramer PR. Sex differences underlying orofacial varicella zoster associated pain in rats. BMC Neurol 2017; 17:95. [PMID: 28514943 PMCID: PMC5436469 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-017-0882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most people are initially infected with varicella zoster virus (VZV) at a young age and this infection results in chickenpox. VZV then becomes latent and reactivates later in life resulting in herpes zoster (HZ) or “shingles”. Often VZV infects neurons of the trigeminal ganglia to cause ocular problems, orofacial disease and occasionally a chronic pain condition termed post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). To date, no model has been developed to study orofacial pain related to varicella zoster. Importantly, the incidence of zoster associated pain and PHN is known to be higher in women, although reasons for this sex difference remain unclear. Prior to this work, no animal model was available to study these sex-differences. Our goal was to develop an orofacial animal model for zoster associated pain which could be utilized to study the mechanisms contributing to this sex difference. Methods To develop this model VZV was injected into the whisker pad of rats resulting in IE62 protein expression in the trigeminal ganglia; IE62 is an immediate early gene in the VZV replication program. Results Similar to PHN patients, rats showed retraction of neurites after VZV infection. Treatment of rats with gabapentin, an agent often used to combat PHN, ameliorated the pain response after whisker pad injection. Aversive behavior was significantly greater for up to 7 weeks in VZV injected rats over control inoculated rats. Sex differences were also seen such that ovariectomized and intact female rats given the lower dose of VZV showed a longer affective response than male rats. The phase of the estrous cycle also affected the aversive response suggesting a role for sex steroids in modulating VZV pain. Conclusions These results suggest that this rat model can be utilized to study the mechanisms of 1) orofacial zoster associated pain and 2) the sex differences underlying zoster associated pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Stinson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Mohong Deng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael B Yee
- Dept Ophthalmology and of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, 203 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Larry L Bellinger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Paul R Kinchington
- Dept Ophthalmology and of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, 203 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Phillip R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA.
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Abstract
Mechanosensitivity is a fundamental physiological capacity, which pertains to all life forms. Progress has been made with regard to understanding mechanosensitivity in bacteria, flies, and worms. In vertebrates, however, the molecular identity of mechanotransducers in somatic and neuronal cells has only started to appear. The Piezo family of mechanogated ion channels marks a pivotal milestone in understanding mechanosensitivity. Piezo1 and Piezo2 have now been shown to participate in a number of processes, ranging from arterial modeling to sensing muscle stretch. In this review, we focus on Piezo2 and its role in mediating mechanosensation and proprioception in vertebrates.
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22
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Nakamura M, Kim DY, Jang IS. Acid modulation of tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na + channels in large-sized trigeminal ganglion neurons. Brain Res 2016; 1651:44-52. [PMID: 27639809 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated Na+ channels in primary afferent neurons can be divided into tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na+ channels. Although previous studies have shown the acid modulation of TTX-R Na+ channels, the effect of acidic pH on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) Na+ channels is still unknown. Here we report the effect of acidic pH on TTX-S Na+ channels expressed in large-sized trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. The application of acidic extracellular solution decreased the peak amplitude of TTX-S currents (INa) in a pH-dependent manner, but weak acid (≥pH 6.0) had no inhibitory effect on TTX-S INa. Acidic pH (pH 6.0) shifted both the activation and steady-state fast inactivation relationships of TTX-S Na+ channels toward depolarized potentials. However, acidic pH (pH 6.0) had no effect on use-dependent inhibition in response to high-frequency stimuli, development of inactivation, and accelerated the recovery from inactivation of TTX-S Na+ channels, suggesting that TTX-S Na+ channels in large-sized TG neurons are less sensitive to acidic pH. Given that voltage-gated Na+ channels play a pivotal role in the generation and conduction of action potentials in neural tissues, the insensitivity of TTX-S Na+ channels expressed in large-sized TG neurons to acidic pH would ensure transmission of innocuous tactile sensation from orofacial regions at acidic pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sung Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea.
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Shang HQ, Wang Y, Mao YY, Kong LG, Sun GY, Xu L, Zhang DG, Han YC, Li JF, Wang HB, Fan ZM. Expression of artemin and GFRα3 in an animal model of migraine: possible role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. J Headache Pain 2016; 17:81. [PMID: 27600145 PMCID: PMC5013005 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-016-0673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophic factors have been implicated in hyperalgesia and peripheral levels of these molecules are altered in migraine pathophysiology. Artemin, a vasculature-derived neurotrophic factor, contributes to pain modulation and trigeminal primary afferent sensitization through binding its selective receptor GFRα3. The distribution of artemin and GFRα3 in the dura mater raises an anatomy supports that they may be involved in migraine. In this study we evaluated the expression of artemin and GFRα3 in an animal migraine model that may be relevant for migraine. METHODS In this study, using a rat migraine model by administration of nitroglycerin (NTG), we investigated the expression of artemin in the dura mater and GFRα3 in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) by means of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot and immunofluorescence labeling. RESULTS Artemin immunoreactivity was found in the smooth muscle cells of dural vasculature and GFRα3 was present in cytoplasm of TG neurons. The mRNA levels of artemin and GFRα3 were significantly elevated after NTG treatment at 2 and 4 h respectively (P < 0.05). The expression of artemin protein was increased at 4 h and continually up to 8 h in the dura mater following NTG administration (P < 0.05). The expression of GFRα3 protein was elevated at 4 h and continually up to 10 h in the TG following NTG administration (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that artemin and GFRα3 play an important role in the pathogenesis of migraine and may represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qiong Shang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, 276800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Yan Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Gang Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Gao-Ying Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dao-Gong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Chen Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Eye and ENT, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Min Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, People's Republic of China.
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Marchenkova A, Vilotti S, Ntamati N, van den Maagdenberg AM, Nistri A. Inefficient constitutive inhibition of P2X3 receptors by brain natriuretic peptide system contributes to sensitization of trigeminal sensory neurons in a genetic mouse model of familial hemiplegic migraine. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916646110. [PMID: 27175010 PMCID: PMC4955999 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916646110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On trigeminal ganglion neurons, pain-sensing P2X3 receptors are constitutively inhibited by brain natriuretic peptide via its natriuretic peptide receptor-A. This inhibition is associated with increased P2X3 serine phosphorylation and receptor redistribution to non-lipid raft membrane compartments. The natriuretic peptide receptor-A antagonist anantin reverses these effects. We studied whether P2X3 inhibition is dysfunctional in a genetic familial hemiplegic migraine type-1 model produced by introduction of the human pathogenic R192Q missense mutation into the mouse CACNA1A gene (knock-in phenotype). This model faithfully replicates several properties of familial hemiplegic migraine type-1, with gain-of-function of CaV2.1 Ca(2+) channels, raised levels of the algogenic peptide calcitonin gene-related peptide, and enhanced activity of P2X3 receptors in trigeminal ganglia. RESULTS In knock-in neurons, anantin did not affect P2X3 receptor activity, membrane distribution, or serine phosphorylation level, implying ineffective inhibition by the constitutive brain natriuretic peptide/natriuretic peptide receptor-A pathway. However, expression and functional properties of this pathway remained intact together with its ability to downregulate TRPV1 channels. Reversing the familial hemiplegic migraine type-1 phenotype with the CaV2.1-specific antagonist, ω-agatoxin IVA restored P2X3 activity to wild-type level and enabled the potentiating effects of anantin again. After blocking calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors, P2X3 receptors exhibited wild-type properties and were again potentiated by anantin. CONCLUSIONS P2X3 receptors on mouse trigeminal ganglion neurons are subjected to contrasting modulation by inhibitory brain natriuretic peptide and facilitatory calcitonin gene-related peptide that both operate via complex intracellular signaling. In the familial hemiplegic migraine type-1 migraine model, the action of calcitonin gene-related peptide appears to prevail over brain natriuretic peptide, thus suggesting that peripheral inhibition of P2X3 receptors becomes insufficient and contributes to trigeminal pain sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marchenkova
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sandra Vilotti
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Niels Ntamati
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Arn Mjm van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Nistri
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
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Nakamura M, Jang IS. Indomethacin inhibits tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channels at acidic pH in rat nociceptive neurons. Neuropharmacology 2016; 105:454-462. [PMID: 26898291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are well-known inhibitors of cyclooxygenases (COXs) and are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory pain; however several NSAIDs display COX-independent analgesic action including the inhibition of voltage-gated Na(+) channels expressed in primary afferent neurons. In the present study, we examined whether NSAIDs modulate tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na(+) channels and if this modulation depends on the extracellular pH. The TTX-R Na(+) currents were recorded from small-sized trigeminal ganglion neurons by using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. Among eight NSAIDs tested in this study, several drugs, including aspirin and ibuprofen, did not affect TTX-R Na(+) channels either at pH 7.4 or at pH 6.0. However, we found that indomethacin, and, to a lesser extent, ibuprofen and naproxen potently inhibited the peak amplitude of TTX-R Na(+) currents at pH 6.0. The indomethacin-induced inhibition of TTX-R Na(+) channels was more potent at depolarized membrane potentials. Indomethacin significantly shifted both the voltage-activation and voltage-inactivation relationships to depolarizing potentials at pH 6.0. Indomethacin accelerated the development of inactivation and retarded the recovery from inactivation of TTX-R Na(+) channels at pH 6.0. Given that indomethacin and several other NSAIDs could further suppress local nociceptive signals by inhibiting TTX-R Na(+) channels at an acidic pH in addition to the classical COX inhibition, these drugs could be particularly useful for the treatment of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sung Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea.
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Nakamura M, Jang IS. pH-dependent inhibition of tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channels by diclofenac in rat nociceptive neurons. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 64:35-43. [PMID: 26176424 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory pain. It is well established that NSAIDs exert their analgesic effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase to prevent the production of prostaglandins; however, several NSAIDs including diclofenac also modulate other ion channels expressed in nociceptive neurons. In this study, we investigated the pH-dependent effects of diclofenac on tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na(+) channels in rat trigeminal sensory neurons by using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Diclofenac decreased the peak amplitude of TTX-R Na(+) currents (INa) in a concentration dependent manner. While diclofenac had little effect on the voltage-activation relationship, it significantly shifted the steady-state fast inactivation relationship toward hyperpolarized potentials. Diclofenac increased the extent of use-dependent inhibition of TTX-R Na(+) currents. Diclofenac also significantly accelerated the development of inactivation and retarded the recovery from inactivation of TTX-R Na(+) channels. The effects of diclofenac on TTX-R Na(+) channels were stronger at pH 6.0 than at pH7.4 for most of the parameters tested. Considering that the extracellular pH falls in inflamed tissues, and that TTX-R Na(+) channels expressed on nociceptive neurons are implicated in the prostaglandin-mediated development and maintenance of inflammatory hyperalgesia, our findings could provide an additional analgesic effect of diclofenac under acidic pH conditions.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to map the entire nerve architecture and sensory neuropeptide content of the rabbit iris. Irises from New Zealand rabbits were stained with antibodies against neuronal-class βIII-tubulin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP), and whole-mount images were acquired to build a two-dimensional view of the iridal nerve architecture. After taking images in time-lapse mode, we observed thick nerves running in the iris stroma close to the anterior epithelia, forming four to five stromal nerve rings from the iris periphery to the pupillary margin and sub-branches that connected with each other, constituting the stromal nerve plexus. In the anterior side, fine divisions derivated from the stromal nerves, forming a nerve network-like structure to innervate the superficial anterior border layer, with the pupillary margin having the densest innervation. In the posterior side, the nerve bundles ran along with the pupil dilator muscle in a radial pattern. The morphology of the iris nerves on both sides changed with pupil size. To obtain the relative content of the neuropeptides in the iris, the specimens were double stained with βIII-tubulin and CGRP or SP antibodies. Relative nerve fiber densities for each fiber population were assessed quantitatively by computer-assisted analysis. On the anterior side, CGRP-positive nerve fibers constituted about 61%, while SP-positive nerves constitute about 30.5%, of the total nerve content, which was expressed as βIII tubulin-positive fibers. In addition, in the anterior stroma of the collarette region, there were non-neuronal cells that were positive for SP. On the posterior side, CGRP-positive nerve fibers were about 69% of total nerve content, while SP constituted only up to 20%. Similarly, in the trigeminal ganglia (TG), the number of CGRP-positive neurons significantly outnumbered those that were positive for SP. Also, all the SP-positive neurons were labeled with CGRP. This is the first study to provide a two-dimensional whole mount and a cross-sectional view of the entire iris nerve architecture. Considering the anatomical location, the high expression of CGRP and SP suggests that these neuropeptides may play a role in the pathogenesis of anterior uveitis, glaucoma, cataracts and chronic ocular pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiucheng He
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence and the Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Haydee E P Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence and the Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Tae HJ, Rahman MM, Park BY. Temporal and spatial expression analysis of peripheral myelin protein 22 (Pmp22) in developing Xenopus. Gene Expr Patterns 2015; 17:26-30. [PMID: 25616247 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral myelin protein 22 (Pmp22), a member of the junction protein family Claudin/EMP/PMP22, contributes to the formation and maintenance of myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system. Apart from the establishment and maintenance of peripheral nerves, Pmp22 and its family member have also participated in a broad range of more general processes including cell cycle regulation and apoptosis during development. Pmp22 has been identified from several vertebrate species including mouse, human and zebrafish. However, Pmp22 has not been identified from Xenopus embryos yet. In this paper, we cloned Pmp22 from Xenopus laevis and evaluated its expression during embryogenesis. We found that Pmp22 was initially expressed in the mesoderm and cement gland during the neurula stage. At early tailbud stage, strong expression of Pmp22 was detected in the trigeminal and profundal ganglia as well as developing somites and branchial arches. Later in development, Pmp22 was expressed specifically in cranio-facial cartilage, roof plate and floor plate of the developing brain, otic vesicle and lens. Pmp22 is also strongly expressed in the developing trachea and lungs. Based on its expression in facial tissues, we propose that Pmp22 may be involved in the formation of head structure in addition to the maintenance of functional peripheral nerves in Xenopus embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Tae
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chunchon 200-702, South Korea
| | - Md Mahfujur Rahman
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-Daero, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Yong Park
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-Daero, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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Nakamura M, Jang IS. Acid modulation of tetrodotoxin-resistant Na⁺ channels in rat nociceptive neurons. Neuropharmacology 2014; 90:82-9. [PMID: 25437826 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Under pathological conditions including inflammation, ischemia and incision, extracellular pH falls down as low as 5.4. Although some mediators play pivotal roles in the development and maintenance of inflammatory hyperalgesia by affecting the functional properties of tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Na(+) channels, the roles of tissue acidosis in nociceptive transmission mediated by TTX-R Na(+) channels are largely unknown. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of acidic pH on TTX-R Na(+) currents (I(Na)) in small-sized sensory neurons isolated from rat trigeminal ganglia using a whole-cell patch clamp technique. Acidic pH decreased the peak amplitude of TTX-R I(Na) in a pH-dependent manner, but weak acid (≥pH 6.0) had a minor inhibitory effect on the TTX-R I(Na). Acidic pH also significantly shifted both the activation and steady-state fast inactivation relationships toward depolarized potentials. In addition, acidic pH had little effect on the use-dependent inhibition, and significantly retarded the development of inactivation and accelerated the recovery from inactivation of TTX-R Na(+) channels. The results suggest that weak acid (≥pH 6.0) makes TTX-R Na(+) channels to be suitable for the repetitive activation at depolarized membrane potentials. Given that both tissue acidosis and inflammatory mediators in inflamed or injured tissues act synergistically to promote nociceptive transmission by affecting the functional properties of TTX-R Na(+) channels, these channels would be, at least in part, a good target to treat inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Sung Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea; Brain Science & Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea.
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Wu CY, Hooper RM, Han K, Taneyhill LA. Migratory neural crest cell αN-catenin impacts chick trigeminal ganglia formation. Dev Biol 2014; 392:295-307. [PMID: 24882712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neural crest cells are an embryonic cell population that is crucial for proper vertebrate development. Initially localized to the dorsal neural folds, premigratory neural crest cells undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migrate to their final destinations in the developing embryo. Together with epidermally-derived placode cells, neural crest cells then form the cranial sensory ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Our prior work has shown that αN-catenin, the neural subtype of the adherens junction α-catenin protein, regulates cranial neural crest cell EMT by controlling premigratory neural crest cell cadherin levels. Although αN-catenin down-regulation is critical for initial neural crest cell EMT, a potential role for αN-catenin in later neural crest cell migration, and formation of the cranial ganglia, has not been examined. In this study, we show for the first time that migratory neural crest cells that will give rise to the cranial trigeminal ganglia express αN-catenin and Cadherin-7. αN-catenin loss- and gain-of-function experiments reveal effects on the migratory neural crest cell population that include subsequent defects in trigeminal ganglia assembly. Moreover, αN-catenin perturbation in neural crest cells impacts the placode cell contribution to the trigeminal ganglia and also changes neural crest cell Cadherin-7 levels and localization. Together, these results highlight a novel function for αN-catenin in migratory neural crest cells that form the trigeminal ganglia.
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Abstract
Migraine is defined as recurrent attack of headache that are commonly unilateral and accompanied by gastrointestinal and visual disorders. Migraine is more prevalent in females than males with a ratio of 3:1. It is primarily a complex neurovascular disorder involving local vasodilation of intracranial, extracerebral blood vessels and simultaneous stimulation of surrounding trigeminal sensory nervous pain pathway that results in headache. The activation of 'trigeminovascular system' causes release of various vasodilators, especially calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) that induces pain response. At the same time, decreased levels of neurotransmitter, serotonin have been observed in migraineurs. Serotonin receptors have been found on the trigeminal nerve and cranial vessels and their agonists especially triptans prove effective in migraine treatment. It has been found that triptans act on trigeminovascular system and bring the elevated serum levels of key molecules like calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) to normal. Currently CGRP receptor antagonists, olcegepant and telcagepant are under consideration for antimigraine therapeutics. It has been observed that varying levels of ovarian hormones especially estrogen influence serotonin neurotransmission system and CGRP levels making women more predisposed to migraine attacks. This review provides comprehensive information about the role of serotonin and CGRP in migraine, specifically the menstrual migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Aggarwal
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014
| | - Veena Puri
- Centre for Systems biology & Bioinformatics, Panjab University, Chandigarh
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Biotechnology Branch (U.I.E.T)
- Centre for Stem Cell & Tissue Engineering Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, INDIA
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Khansarinejad B, Soleimanjahi H, Ghaemi A, Tiraihi T, Pour Beiranvand S. Localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in latently infected BALB/c mice neurons using in situ polymerase chain reaction. Iran Biomed J 2010; 14:83-88. [PMID: 21079658 PMCID: PMC3904058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) establishes a lifelong latent infection in neurons following primary infection. The existence of latent HSV-1 DNA in the trigeminal ganglia of infected BALB/c mice was examined using a direct in situ PCR technique, based on Digoxigenin-11-dUTP detection system with anti-digoxigenin-peroxidase and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) substrate. METHODS Eight-week-old male BALB/c mice were inoculated via the eye by 104 plaque forming unit of wild type Iranian isolates of HSV-1. After establishment of latency, trigeminal ganglia were removed and examined using in situ PCR to detect HSV-1 genome. Finally, the results of in situ PCR were verified by a two-round PCR method, using amplification cocktail of in situ reaction, as a template for a conventional gel base PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results suggest that a direct in situ PCR method using a peroxidase and DAB detection system is a useful means for detection of latent HSV-1 DNA in the latently infected ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Taki Tiraihi
- Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Pour Beiranvand
- Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
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