1
|
Naillat F, Deshar G, Hankkila A, Rak-Raszewska A, Sharma A, Prunskaite-Hyyrylainen R, Railo A, Shan J, Vainio SJ. Calcium signaling induces partial EMT and renal fibrosis in a Wnt4mCherry knock-in mouse model. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167180. [PMID: 38653356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) have a strong capacity for repair after acute injury, but when this mechanism becomes uncontrollable, it leads to chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Indeed, in progress toward CKDs, the TECs may dedifferentiate, undergo epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT), and promote inflammation and fibrosis. Given the critical role of Wnt4 signaling in kidney ontogenesis, we addressed whether changes in this signaling are connected to renal inflammation and fibrosis by taking advantage of a knock-in Wnt4mCh/mCh mouse. While the Wnt4mCh/mCh embryos appeared normal, the corresponding mice, within one month, developed CKD-related phenotypes, such as pro-inflammatory responses including T-cell/macrophage influx, expression of fibrotic markers, and epithelial cell damage with a partial EMT. The Wnt signal transduction component β-catenin remained unchanged, while calcium signaling is induced in the injured TECs involving Nfat and Tfeb transcription factors. We propose that the Wnt4 signaling pathway is involved in repairing the renal injury, and when the signal is overdriven, CKD is established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Naillat
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ganga Deshar
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Anni Hankkila
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Abhishek Sharma
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Antti Railo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Jingdong Shan
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Seppo J Vainio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland; Infotech Oulu, Kvantum Institute, University of Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao J, El Mansouri F, Reynoso S, Liu Z, Zhu J, Taketo T. Inefficient Sox9 upregulation and absence of Rspo1 repression lead to sex reversal in the B6.XY TIR mouse gonad. Biol Reprod 2024:ioae018. [PMID: 38376238 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sry on the Y-chromosome upregulates Sox9, which in turn upregulates a set of genes such as Fgf9 to initiate testicular differentiation in the XY gonad. In the absence of Sry expression, genes such as Rspo1, Foxl2, and Runx1 support ovarian differentiation in the XX gonad. These two pathways antagonize each other to ensure the development of only one gonadal sex in normal development. In the B6.YTIR mouse, carrying the YTIR-chromosome on the B6 genetic background, Sry is expressed in a comparable manner with that in the B6.XY mouse, yet, only ovaries or ovotestes develop. We asked how testicular and ovarian differentiation pathways interact to determine the gonadal sex in the B6.YTIR mouse. Our results showed that: (1) Transcript levels of Sox9 were much lower than in B6.XY gonads while those of Rspo1 and Runx1 were as high as B6.XX gonads at 11.5 and 12.5 days postcoitum (dpc). (2) FOXL2-positive cells appeared in mosaic with SOX9-positive cells at 12.5 dpc. (3) SOX9-positive cells formed testis cords in the central area while those disappeared to leave only FOXL2-positive cells in the poles or the entire area at 13.5 dpc. (4) No difference was found at transcript levels of all genes between the left and right gonads up to 12.5 dpc although ovotestes developed much more frequently on the left than the right at 13.5 dpc. These results suggest that inefficient Sox9 upregulation and the absence of Rspo1 repression prevents testicular differentiation in the B6.YTIR gonad.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangqin Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Guangling College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fatima El Mansouri
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sofia Reynoso
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Guangling College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Teruko Taketo
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu J, Zhou X, Zhang T, Zhang B, Xu PX. Smarca4 deficiency induces Pttg1 oncogene upregulation and hyperproliferation of tubular and interstitial cells during kidney development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1233317. [PMID: 37727504 PMCID: PMC10506413 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1233317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney formation and nephrogenesis are controlled by precise spatiotemporal gene expression programs, which are coordinately regulated by cell-cycle, cell type-specific transcription factors and epigenetic/chromatin regulators. However, the roles of epigenetic/chromatin regulators in kidney development and disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of deleting the chromatin remodeling factor Smarca4 (Brg1), a human Wilms tumor-associated gene, in Wnt4-expressing cells. Smarca4 deficiency led to severe tubular defects and a shortened medulla. Through unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing analyses, we identified multiple types of Wnt4 Cre-labeled interstitial cells, along with nephron-related cells. Smarca4 deficiency increased interstitial cells but markedly reduced tubular cells, resulting in cells with mixed identity and elevated expression of cell-cycle regulators and genes associated with extracellular matrix and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/fibrosis. We found that Smarca4 loss induced a significant upregulation of the oncogene Pttg1 and hyperproliferation of Wnt4 Cre-labeled cells. These changes in the cellular state could hinder the cellular transition into characteristic tubular structures, eventually leading to fibrosis. In conclusion, our findings shed light on novel cell types and genes associated with Wnt4 Cre-labeled cells and highlight the critical role of Smarca4 in regulating tubular cell differentiation and the expression of the cancer-causing gene Pttg1 in the kidney. These findings may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma resulting from SMARCA4 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinshu Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pin-Xian Xu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abulhamael AM, Bhandi S, Albar NH, Shaiban AS, Bavabeedu SS, Alzahrani KJ, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Patil S. Effects of Bacterial Metabolites on the Wnt4 Protein in Dental-Pulp-Stem-Cells-Based Endodontic Pulpitis Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1764. [PMID: 37512935 PMCID: PMC10385042 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with endodontic pulpitis, causing damage to the dental pulp, leading to severe pain and a decline in quality of life. Regenerative pulp treatments using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be hindered by interactions between DPSCs and the infecting bacteria. The protein WNT family member 4 (Wnt4) plays a critical role in the differentiation of DPSCs and the regeneration of odontogenic tissue. However, the specific influence of P. gingivalis on Wnt4 remains unclear. In this study, we employed a computational approach to investigate the underlying mechanisms through which P. gingivalis-produced metabolites inhibit the Wnt4 protein, thereby diminishing the regenerative potential and therapeutic efficacy of odontogenic tissue. Among the metabolites examined, C29H46N7O18P3S-4 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on the Wnt4 protein, as evidenced by the lowest binding energy score of -6782 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamic simulation trajectories revealed that the binding of C29H46N7O18P3S-4 significantly altered the structural dynamics and stability of the Wnt4 protein. These alterations in protein trajectories may have implications for the molecular function of Wnt4 and its associated pathways. Overall, our findings shed light on the inhibitory impact of P. gingivalis-produced metabolites on the Wnt4 protein. Further in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are necessary to validate and expand upon our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Abulhamael
- Department of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Nasreen H Albar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal S Shaiban
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim F Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiang F, Wang P, Gong H, Luo J, Zhou X, Zhan C, Hu T, Wang M, Xing Y, Guo H, Luo G, Li Y. Wnt4 increases the thickness of the epidermis in burn wounds by activating canonical Wnt signalling and decreasing the cell junctions between epidermal cells. Burns Trauma 2023; 11:tkac053. [PMID: 37408701 PMCID: PMC10318205 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Burn wound healing is a complex process and the role of Wnt ligands varies in this process. Whether and how Wnt4 functions in burn wound healing is not well understood. In this study, we aim to reveal the effects and potential mechanisms of Wnt4 in burn wound healing. Methods First, the expression of Wnt4 during burn wound healing was determined by immunofluorescence, Western blotting and qPCR. Then, Wnt4 was overexpressed in burn wounds. The healing rate and healing quality were analysed by gross photography and haematoxyline and eosin staining. Collagen secretion was observed by Masson staining. Vessel formation and fibroblast distribution were observed by immunostaining. Next, Wnt4 was knocked down in HaCaT cells. The migration of HaCaT cells was analysed by scratch healing and transwell assays. Next, the expression of β-catenin was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The binding of Frizzled2 and Wnt4 was detected by coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence. Finally, the molecular changes induced by Wnt4 were analysed by RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, Western blotting and qPCR in HaCaT cells and burn wound healing tissues. Results The expression of Wnt4 was enhanced in burn wound skin. Overexpression of Wnt4 in burn wound skin increased the thickness of epidermis. Collagen secretion, vessel formation and fibroblast distribution were not significantly impacted by Wnt4 overexpression. When Wnt4 was knocked down in HaCaT cells, the ratio of proliferating cells decreased, the ratio of apoptotic cells increased and the ratio of the healing area in the scratch healing assay to the number of migrated cells in the transwell assay decreased. The nuclear translocation of β-catenin decreased in shRNA of Wnt4 mediated by lentivirus-treated HaCaT cells and increased in Wnt4-overexpressing epidermal cells. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that cell junction-related signalling pathways were significantly impacted by Wnt4 knockdown. The expression of the cell junction proteins was decreased by the overexpression of Wnt4. Conclusions Wnt4 promoted the migration of epidermal cells. Overexpression of Wnt4 increased the thickness of the burn wound. A potential mechanism for this effect is that Wnt4 binds with Frizzled2 and increases the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, thus activating the canonical Wnt signalling pathway and decreasing the cell junction between epidermal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jia Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chenglin Zhan
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Tianxing Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Mengru Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yizhan Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Haiying Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | | | - Yuhong Li
- Correspondence. Yuhong Li, ; Gaoxing Luo,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohamed OS, Abdel Baky NA, Sayed-Ahmed MM, Al-Najjar AH. Lactoferrin alleviates cyclophosphamide induced-nephropathy through suppressing the orchestration between Wnt4/β-catenin and ERK1/2/NF-κB signaling and modulating klotho and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Life Sci 2023; 319:121528. [PMID: 36828132 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent with vast arrays of therapeutic activity. Currently, its medical use is limited due to its numerous adverse events, including nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to follow the molecular mechanisms behind the potential renoprotective action of lactoferrin (LF) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced renal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS For fulfillment of our aim, Spragw-Dwaly rats were orally administrated LF (300 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of CP (150 mg/kg). KEY FINDINGS Treatment of CP-injured rats with LF significantly reduced the elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), markedly upregulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling with consequent increase in renal total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and decrease in renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Furthermore, LF treatment significantly reduced the elevated renal p-ERK1/2 expression, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) levels in CP-treated animals. Interestingly, LF treatment downregulated Wnt4/β-catenin signaling and increased both renal klotho gene expression and serum klotho level. Furthermore, LF treatment reduced apoptosis in kidney tissue via suppressing GSK-3β expression and modulating caspase-3 and Bcl2 levels. Histopathological examination of kidney tissue confirmed the protective effect of LF against CP-induced renal injury. SIGNIFICANCE The present findings document the renoprotective effect of LF against CP-induced nephropathy, which may be mediated via suppressing ERK1/2/ NF-κB and Wnt4/β-catenin trajectories and enhancing klotho expression and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ola S Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nayira A Abdel Baky
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Sayed-Ahmed
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya H Al-Najjar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ni C, Wu G, Miao T, Xu J. Wnt4 prevents apoptosis and inflammation of dental pulp cells induced by LPS by inhibiting the IKK/NF‑κB pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:75. [PMID: 36684653 PMCID: PMC9842946 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt4 has been shown to promote the recovery of odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells under inflammatory conditions, but its role in inflammation and apoptosis of pulpitis remains to be elucidated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 µg/ml) was applied to treat the human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) for 24 h. Western blotting measured the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related proteins. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The level of Wnt4 was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The results indicated that LPS could promote inflammatory response and apoptosis in HDPCs and downregulated Wnt4 expression was found in LPS-HDPCs. Overexpression of Wnt4 ameliorated cell inflammatory response and apoptosis, presented by reduced expressions of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, cleaved-caspase 3 and enhanced Bcl-2 expression as well as decreased apoptosis rate. Moreover, overexpression of Wnt4 reduced the phosphorylation levels of IKK2, IκBα and p65 proteins upregulated by LPS. Finally, overexpression of IKK2 reversed the effects of Wnt4 on inflammation and apoptosis of LPS-HDPCs and NF-κB inhibitor reversed the effect of IKK2 overexpression in LPS-HDPCs. Wnt4 inhibited LPS-triggered inflammation and apoptosis in HDPCs via regulating the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provided a new viewpoint for understanding the pathological mechanism of pulpitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Ni
- College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Ms. Chengli Ni, College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, 632 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Shanghai Smartee Denti-Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Miao
- College of Stomatology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research of Anhui Province, Department of Orthodontics, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lih Yuan T, Sulaiman N, Nur Azurah AG, Maarof M, Rabiatul Adawiyah Razali, Yazid MD. Oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometriosis: Aetiology of vaginal agenesis in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:937988. [PMID: 36582359 PMCID: PMC9793092 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.937988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial-like tissue forms and grows outside the uterus due to oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract. Factors that suppress this event could become potential therapeutic agents against disease occurrence and progression. However, an overview of these studies is still lacking. This review assessed the impact of a number factors on oestrogen-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the emergence of several diseases in the female reproductive tract, primarily endometriosis. The association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome was also investigated. Oestrogen, Wnt4 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were chosen as keywords in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science searches performed on 28th June 2021. Study selection was refined to cancer-irrelevant, English, original articles published between years 2011-2021. The full-text assessment was carried out for topic-related articles after title and abstract screening. Included studies were summarised and assessed for their risk of bias using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. In this review, 10 articles investigating oestrogen and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the female reproductive tract were summarised and classified into two groups: seven studies under 'factor'-modulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and three studies under 'factor'-manipulated oestrogen-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The current evidence proposes that epithelial-mesenchymal transition is one of the prime causes of reproductive-related disease. This event could be mediated by distinct stimuli, specifically oestrogen and Wnt4 aberration. The results of this review suggest that oestrogen and Wnt4 participate in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vaginal epithelial cells in MRKH syndrome, adopting from the theories of endometriosis development, which could therefore serve as a foundation for novel target treatment, specifically related to vaginal epithelialisation, to ensure better surgical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Too Lih Yuan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Nadiah Sulaiman
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Rabiatul Adawiyah Razali
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Muhammad Dain Yazid,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nguyen CT, Nguyen VM, Jeong S. Regulation of Off-track bidirectional signaling by Semaphorin-1a and Wnt signaling in the Drosophila motor axon guidance. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 150:103857. [PMID: 36244650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Off-track receptor tyrosine kinase (OTK) has been shown to play an important role in the Drosophila motor axon pathfinding. The results of biochemical and genetic interactions previously suggested that OTK acts as a component of Semaphorin-1a/Plexin A (Sema-1a/PlexA) signaling during embryonic motor axon guidance and further showed that OTK binds to Wnt family members Wnt2 and Wnt4 and their common receptor Frizzled (Fz). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the motor axon guidance function of OTK remain elusive. Here, we conclude that OTK mediates the forward and reverse signaling required for intersegmental nerve b (ISNb) motor axon pathfinding and we also demonstrate that the loss of two copies of Sema-1a synergistically enhances the bypass phenotype observed in otk mutants. Furthermore, the amorphic wnt2 mutation resulted in increased premature branching phenotypes, and the loss of fz function caused a frequent inability of ISNb motor axons to defasciculate at specific choice points. Consistent with a previous study, wnt4 mutant axons were often defective in recognizing target muscles. Interestingly, the bypass phenotype of otk mutants was robustly suppressed by loss of function mutations in wnt2, wnt4, or fz. In contrast, total ISNb defects of otk were increased by the loss-of-function alleles in wnt2 and wnt4, but not fz. These findings indicate that OTK may participate in the crosstalk between the Sema-1a/PlexA and Wnt signaling pathways, thereby contributing to ISNb motor axon pathfinding and target recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinh Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Van Minh Nguyen
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyun Jeong
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jurić MD, Racetin A, Filipović N, Kelam N, Kostić S, Ljutić D, Vukojević K. Altered Expression of EMT-Related Factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 in the Short-Term Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Kidneys. Life (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 36294921 DOI: 10.3390/life12101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcription factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 with key roles in renal fibrosis, in different renal areas of diabetic rats: glomeruli (G), proximal and distal convoluted tubules (PCT; DCT). Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were instilled with 55 mg/kg streptozotocin (diabetes mellitus type I model, DM group) or citrate buffer (control group). Kidney samples were collected 2 weeks and 2 months after DM induction and processed for immunohistochemistry. Results: Diabetic animals showed higher Wnt4 kidney expression both 2 weeks and 2 months post-DM induction, while Snail expression significantly increased only 2 weeks after DM initiation (p < 0.0001). We determined significantly higher expression of examined EMT-related genes in different kidney regions in diabetic animals compared with controls. The most substantial differences were observed in tubular epithelial cells in the period of 2 weeks after induction, with higher Snail and Wnt4 expression in PCT and increased Snail and Notch2 expression in DCT of diabetic animals (p < 0.0001; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The obtained results point to the EMT-related factors Snail, Wnt4, and Notch2 as a potential contributor to diabetic nephropathy development and progression. Changes in their expression, especially in PCT and DCT, could serve as diagnostic biomarkers for the early stages of DM and might be a promising novel therapeutic target in this condition.
Collapse
|
11
|
Teufel S, Wolff L, König U, Kobayashi A, Behringer R, Hartmann C. Mice Lacking Wnt9a or Wnt4 Are Prone to Develop Spontaneous Osteoarthritis With Age and Display Alteration in Either the Trabecular or Cortical Bone Compartment. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1335-1351. [PMID: 35560108 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease of the joint, with a complex multifactorial not yet fully understood etiology. Over the past years, the Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in osteoarthritis. In a recent genomewide association study (GWAS), the chromosomal location on chromosome 1, linked to the Wnt3a-Wnt9a gene locus, was identified as the most significant locus associated with a thumb osteoarthritis endophenotype. Previously, it was shown that WNT9a is involved in maintaining synovial cell identity in the elbow joint during embryogenesis. Here, we report that the conditional loss of Wnt9a in the Prx1-Cre expressing limb mesenchyme or Prg4-CreER expressing cells predispositions the mice to develop spontaneous OA-like changes with age. In addition, the trabecular bone volume is altered in these mice. Similarly, mice with a conditional loss of Wnt4 in the limb mesenchyme are also more prone to develop spontaneously OA-like joint alterations with age. These mice display additional alterations in their cortical bone. The combined loss of Wnt9a and Wnt4 increased the likelihood of the mice developing osteoarthritis-like changes and enhanced disease severity in the affected mice. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Teufel
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Wolff
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich König
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Akio Kobayashi
- Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Department of Kidney Development, Kumamoto University, Japan.,MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genetics, Division of Basic Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard Behringer
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Genetics, Division of Basic Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine Hartmann
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Dept. Bone and Skeletal Research, Medical Faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu W, Lu Q, Qu M, Fan R, Leng S, Wang L, Liu L, Yang F, Zhou X, Huang D, Zhang L. Wnt4 regulates bone metabolism through IKK-NF-κB and ROCK signaling under occlusal traumatic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:461-469. [PMID: 35137408 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Occlusal trauma is one of the most important local contributing factors of periodontitis. It has been reported that Wnt4, a noncanonical Wnt ligand, can inhibit osteoclast formation and inflammation and promote bone formation in vivo. However, the prospects of Wnt4 application in occlusal trauma and periodontitis have not yet been described. This study aimed to investigate the function and the corresponding mechanism of Wnt4 to regulate bone metabolism in occlusal trauma and periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Osteogenic-induced MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg. LPS) under cyclic uniaxial compressive stress. After treatment with mouse recombinant protein Wnt4 (rWnt4), the expression of osteogenic markers and activation of the IKK-NF-κB signaling pathway were evaluated in vitro. To investigate whether Wnt4 can promote osteogenesis via the ROCK signaling pathway, the expression of RhoA was evaluated in vitro. Finally, we evaluated the change in bone quantity and the activation of the IKK-NF-κB and ROCK signaling in mice with occlusal trauma and periodontitis to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of rWnt4 injection. RESULTS Stimulation of traumatic force and Pg. LPS stimulation suppressed the expression of osteoblast markers, but their expression was rescued after rWnt4 treatment in vitro. In addition, the inhibition of the ROCK signaling pathway induced by force loading was reversed when rWnt4 was applied in vitro. Micro-CT, H&E, and TRAP staining of the mandibles showed increased bone loss in the occlusal trauma-aggravated periodontitis group, whereas it was rescued after rWnt4 injection. The expression levels of IκBα and p65 were upregulated in occlusal trauma and periodontitis-bearing mice, whereas the expression levels of Runx2 and RhoA were downregulated. After rWnt4 injection, remarkably upregulation of Runx2 and RhoA expression was observed in occlusal trauma and periodontitis- bearing mice. CONCLUSION Wnt4 not only inhibits IKK-NF-κB signaling but also activates ROCK signaling to inhibit osteoclast formation and promote bone regeneration in occlusal trauma and periodontitis-bearing mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Moyuan Qu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sha Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dong W, Zhao Y, Wen D, Lin Y, Zeng C, Gu J, Liao F, Li R, Zhang X, Wang D, Cai W, Duan J. Wnt4 is crucial for cardiac repair by regulating mesenchymal-endothelial transition via the phospho-JNK/JNK. Theranostics 2022; 12:4110-4126. [PMID: 35673578 PMCID: PMC9169355 DOI: 10.7150/thno.71392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rational: Wnt4 plays a critical role in development and is reactivated during fibrotic injury; however, the role of Wnt4 in cardiac repair remains unclear. In this study, our aim was to clarify the pathophysiological role and mechanisms of Wnt4 following acute cardiac ischemic reperfusion injury. Methods and results: We investigated the spatio-temporal expression of Wnt4 following acute cardiac ischemic reperfusion injury and found that Wnt4 was upregulated as an early injury response gene in cardiac fibroblasts near the injury border zone and associated with mesenchymal-endothelial transition (MEndoT), a beneficial process for revascularizing the damaged myocardium in cardiac repair. Using ChIP assay and in vitro and in vivo loss- and gain-of-function, we demonstrated that Wnt4 served as a crucial downstream target gene of p53 during MEndoT. Wnt4 knockdown in cardiac fibroblasts led to decreased MEndoT and worsened cardiac function. Conversely, Wnt4 overexpression in cardiac fibroblasts induced MEndoT in these cells via the phospho-JNK/JNK signaling pathway; however, both the p53 and Wnt4 protein levels were dependent on the β-catenin signaling pathway. JNK activation plays a critical role in the induction of MEndoT and is crucial for Wnt4 regulated MEndoT. Moreover, Wnt4 overexpression specifically in cardiac fibroblasts rescued the cardiac function worsening due to genetic p53 deletion by decreasing fibrosis and increasing MEndoT and vascular density. Conclusion: Our study revealed that Wnt4 plays a pivotal role in cardiac repair with involvement of phospho-JNK mediated MEndoT and is a crucial gene for cardiac fibroblast-targeted therapy in heart disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang JG, Tang X, Wang JJ, Liu J, Chen P, Sun Y. A circular RNA, circUSP36, accelerates endothelial cell dysfunction in atherosclerosis by adsorbing miR-637 to enhance WNT4 expression. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6759-6770. [PMID: 34519627 PMCID: PMC8806706 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1964891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a fatal disorder that is fundamental to various cardiovascular diseases and severely threatens people’s health worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. circUSP36 acts as a key modulator in the progression of atherosclerosis, but the molecular mechanism underlying this role is as yet unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which circUSP36 exerts its function in an in vitro cell model of endothelial cell dysfunction, which is one of pathological features of atherosclerosis. The circRNA traits of circUSP36 were confirmed, and we observed high expression of circUSP36 in endothelial cells exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Functional assays revealed that overexpression of circUSP36 suppressed proliferation and migration of ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells. In terms of its mechanism, circUSP36 adsorbed miR-637 by acting as an miRNA sponge. Moreover, enhanced expression of miR-637 abated the impact of circUSP36 on ox-LDL-treated endothelial cell dysregulation. Subsequently, the targeting relationship between miR-637 and WNT4 was predicted using bioinformatics tools and was confirmed via luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. Notably, depletion of WNT4 rescued circUSP36-mediated inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, circUSP36 regulated WNT4 to aggravate endothelial cell injury caused by ox-LDL by competitively binding to miR-637; this finding indicates circUSP36 to be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xia Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiang-Jie Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Mental Health, Yishui People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Englund JI, Ritchie A, Blaas L, Cojoc H, Pentinmikko N, Döhla J, Iqbal S, Patarroyo M, Katajisto P. Laminin alpha 5 regulates mammary gland remodeling through luminal cell differentiation and Wnt4-mediated epithelial crosstalk. Development 2021; 148:269157. [PMID: 34128985 PMCID: PMC8254867 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial attachment to the basement membrane (BM) is essential for mammary gland development, yet the exact roles of specific BM components remain unclear. Here, we show that Laminin α5 (Lama5) expression specifically in the luminal epithelial cells is necessary for normal mammary gland growth during puberty, and for alveologenesis during pregnancy. Lama5 loss in the keratin 8-expressing cells results in reduced frequency and differentiation of hormone receptor expressing (HR+) luminal cells. Consequently, Wnt4-mediated crosstalk between HR+ luminal cells and basal epithelial cells is compromised during gland remodeling, and results in defective epithelial growth. The effects of Lama5 deletion on gland growth and branching can be rescued by Wnt4 supplementation in the in vitro model of branching morphogenesis. Our results reveal a surprising role for BM-protein expression in the luminal mammary epithelial cells, and highlight the function of Lama5 in mammary gland remodeling and luminal differentiation. Summary: Luminal mammary epithelial cells produce basement membrane laminin α5 necessary for mammary epithelial growth and differentiation. Laminin α5 loss compromises hormone receptor-positive luminal cell function and Wnt4-mediated crosstalk between epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna I Englund
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandra Ritchie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leander Blaas
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Hanne Cojoc
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nalle Pentinmikko
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia Döhla
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sharif Iqbal
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuel Patarroyo
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 11 Solna, Sweden
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences (HiLIFE), 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.,Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jorgez CJ, Seth A, Wilken N, Bournat JC, Chen CH, Lamb DJ. E2F1 regulates testicular descent and controls spermatogenesis by influencing WNT4 signaling. Development 2021; 148:dev191189. [PMID: 33441379 PMCID: PMC7823160 DOI: 10.1242/dev.191189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is the most common urologic birth defect in men and is a predisposing factor of male infertility and testicular cancer, yet the etiology remains largely unknown. E2F1 microdeletions and microduplications contribute to cryptorchidism, infertility and testicular tumors. Although E2f1 deletion or overexpression in mice causes spermatogenic failure, the mechanism by which E2f1 influences testicular function is unknown. This investigation revealed that E2f1-null mice develop cryptorchidism with severe gubernacular defects and progressive loss of germ cells resulting in infertility and, in rare cases, testicular tumors. It was hypothesized that germ cell depletion resulted from an increase in WNT4 levels. To test this hypothesis, the phenotype of a double-null mouse model lacking both Wnt4 and E2f1 in germ cells was analyzed. Double-null mice are fertile. This finding indicates that germ cell maintenance is dependent on E2f1 repression of Wnt4, supporting a role for Wnt4 in germ cell survival. In the future, modulation of WNT4 expression in men with cryptorchidism and spermatogenic failure due to E2F1 copy number variations may provide a novel approach to improve their spermatogenesis and perhaps their fertility potential after orchidopexy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina J Jorgez
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Abhishek Seth
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nathan Wilken
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juan C Bournat
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ching H Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dolores J Lamb
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Brady Urology Department, Center for Reproductive Genomics and Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhong C, Liu Z, Qiao X, Kang L, Sun Y, Jiang Y. Integrated transcriptomic analysis on small yellow follicles reveals that sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member A inhibits chicken follicle selection. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:1290-1302. [PMID: 33152230 PMCID: PMC8255886 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.20.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Follicle selection is an important process in chicken egg laying. Among several small yellow (SY) follicles, the one exhibiting the highest expression of follicle stimulation hormone receptor (FSHR) will be selected to become a hierarchal follicle. The role of lncRNA, miRNA and other non-coding RNA in chicken follicle selection is unclear. Methods In this study, the whole transcriptome sequencing of SY follicles with different expression levels of FSHR in Jining Bairi hens was performed, and the expression of 30 randomly selected mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Preliminary studies and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the selected mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA and their target genes. The effect of identified gene was examined in the granulosa cells of chicken follicles. Results Integrated transcriptomic analysis on chicken SY follicles differing in FSHR expression revealed 467 differentially expressed mRNA genes, 134 differentially expressed lncRNA genes and 34 differentially expressed miRNA genes, and sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member A (SOWAHA) was the common target gene of three miRNAs and one lncRNA. SOWAHA was mainly expressed in small white (SW) and SY follicles and was affected by follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) treatment in the granulosa cells. Knockdown of SOWAHA inhibited the expression of Wnt family member 4 (Wnt4) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the granulosa cells of prehierarchal follicles, while stimulated Wnt4 in hierarchal follicles. Overexpression of SOWAHA increased the expression of Wnt4 in the granulosa cells of prehierarchal follicles, decreased that of StAR and cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 in the granulosa cells of hierarchal follicles and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells. Conclusion Integrated analysis of chicken SY follicle transcriptomes identified SOWAHA as a network gene that is affected by FSH in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. SOWAHA affected the expression of genes involved in chicken follicle selection and inhibited the proliferation of granulosa cells, suggesting an inhibitory role in chicken follicle selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conghao Zhong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Zemin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Xibo Qiao
- Shandong Jihua Poultry Breeding Co. Ltd., Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Li Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhong T, Gao Y, Qiao H, Zhou H, Liu Y. Elevated osteogenic potential of stem cells from inflammatory dental pulp tissues by Wnt4 overexpression for treating bone defect in rats. Ann Palliat Med 2020; 9:2962-2969. [PMID: 32787349 DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The osteogenic capacity of inflammatory dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-IPs) is reported lower than that of normal dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-NPs). Down-regulation of Wnt4 may be the key factor affecting the osteogenic ability of DPSCs-IPs. In order to prove that the restoration of Wnt4 expression could improve the osteogenic potential of DPSCs-IPs, Wnt4 overexpressed inflammatory dental pulp stem cells (Wnt4-DPSCs-IPs) were performed to reconstruct bone defects in rats. METHODS Human DPSCs-IPs were cultured and transfected with Wnt4 overexpression lentiviral vector. Stem cell characterization was performed by flow cytometry and induction of multidirectional differentiation. Wnt4-DPSCs-IPs were loaded onto poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBV). The compounds were engrafted into artificially-created defect in alveolar bone. The effectiveness of Wnt4-DPSCs-IPs/PHBV in bone regeneration was assessed by micro-CT and immunohistochemical staining of osteocalcin, a representative osteogenic marker. RESULTS Collecting data showed that Wnt4 overexpression didn't change stem cell characteristics of DPSCs-IPs. Wnt4-DPSCs-IPs retain osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation abilities. Wnt4-DPSCs-IPs/PHBV were more effective than DPSCs-IPs/PHBV in repair of rat bone defects by 3 months' post-surgical reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Restoration of Wnt4 expression could improve the osteogenic potential of DPSCs-IPs. Wnt4 restored DPSCs-IPs may be a feasible resource of seed cells for bone regeneration in future clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Institute of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Brisken C, Scabia V. 90 YEARS OF PROGESTERONE: Progesterone receptor signaling in the normal breast and its implications for cancer. J Mol Endocrinol 2020; 65:T81-T94. [PMID: 32508307 DOI: 10.1530/jme-20-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone is considered as the pregnancy hormone and acts on many different target tissues. Progesterone receptor (PR) signaling is important for normal development and the physiologic function of the breast and impinges on breast carcinogenesis. Both systemically and locally, in the breast epithelium, there are multiple layers of complexity to progesterone action, many of which have been revealed through experiments in mice. The hormone acts via its receptor expressed in a subset of cells, the sensor cells, in the breast epithelium with different signaling outcomes in individual cells eliciting distinct cell-intrinsic and paracrine signaling involving different mediators for different intercellular interactions. PR expression itself is developmentally regulated and the biological outcome of PR signaling depends on the developmental stage of the mammary gland and the endocrine context. During both puberty and adulthood PR activates stem and progenitor cells through Wnt4-driven activation of the myoepithelium with downstream Adamts18-induced changes in extracellualr matrix (ECM) / basal membrane (BM). During estrous cycling and pregnancy, the hormone drives a major cell expansion through Rankl. At all stages, PR signaling is closely tied to estrogen receptor α (ER) signaling. As the PR itself is a target gene of ER, the complex interactions are experimentally difficult to dissect and still poorly understood. Ex vivo models of the human breast and studies on biopsy samples show that major signaling axes are conserved across species. New intraductal xenograft models hold promise to provide a better understanding of PR signaling in the normal breast epithelium and in breast cancer development in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Valentina Scabia
- ISREC - Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 19, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhou Q, Yan G, Ding L, Liu J, Yu X, Kong S, Zhang M, Wang Z, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Kong N, Sun J, Sun H. EHD1 impairs decidualization by regulating the Wnt4/β-catenin signaling pathway in recurrent implantation failure. EBioMedicine 2019; 50:343-354. [PMID: 31707150 PMCID: PMC6921214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) remains a critical and challenging problem in assisted reproductive technology mainly due to impaired decidualization. The endocytic and transcytotic activity in the endometrium are crucial for decidualization. The most representative endocytic gene is the C-terminal Eps15 homology domain-containing 1 (EHD1), but whether EHD1-mediated endocytic function is responsible for embryo implantation during decidualization remains unclear. Methods A transcriptomic analysis was performed to evaluate the differentially expressed genes between the fertile control and RIF group. The expression and location of EHD1 in endometrial tissues were further examined by IHC, qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The transduction of an EHD1 recombinant adenovirus into human endometrial stromal cells was performed to investigate relevant decidualization marker genes. Additionally, a microarray analysis following the adenovirus-mediated overexpression of EHD1 was conducted to identify EHD1-related changes in HESCs, and the potential molecular mechanisms were further confirmed through immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation analyses. Findings An RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that EHD1 expression was significantly higher in the mid-secretory endometrium of the RIF group than in that of the fertile control group. The analysis of the menstrual cycle showed that expression of EHD1 increased in the mid-proliferative phase and showed a gradual decrease in the mid-secretory and decidual phases. Furthermore, EHD1 overexpression impaired decidualization by suppressing the expression of prolactin and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and the formation of the cytoskeleton. The mechanistic analysis revealed the EHD1 regulated LRP5/6 protein function through the endocytic pathway, and subsequently suppressed the Wnt4/β-catenin pathway during decidualization. In addition, a Wnt4 agonist improved an impaired decidualization process. Interpretation Regulation of the EHD1-Wnt4 pathway might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for improving endometrial receptivity in RIF women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangbo Kong
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Kong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, Philadelphia 19107, PA, USA.
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Shamseldeen AM, Ali Eshra M, Ahmed Rashed L, Fathy Amer M, Elham Fares A, Samir Kamar S. Omega-3 attenuates high fat diet-induced kidney injury of female rats and renal programming of their offsprings. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:367-377. [PMID: 29741967 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1471511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Context: Maternal diet composition could influence fetal organogenesis. Objective: We investigated effects of high fat diet (HFD) intake alone or combined with omega 3 during pregnancy, lactation and early days of weaning on nephrogenesis of pups and maternal renal function and morphology. Material and methods: Mothers and their pups included in each group were supplied with the same diet composition. Rats were divided into group I, II and III supplied with chow of either 10 kcal%, 45 kcal% or 45 kcal% from fat together with omega-3 respectively. Results: Group II showed increased serum urea and creatinine, renal TNF-α, IL1β. Structural injury was observed in mothers and their pups as Bowman's capsule and tubular dilatation and increased expression of PCNA that were decreased following omega-3 supplementation added to down regulation of Wnt4, Pax2 gene and podocin expression. Discussion and conclusion: Omega-3 supplementation improves lipid nephrotoxicity observed in mothers and their pups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Ali Eshra
- a Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- b Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Marwa Fathy Amer
- b Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amal Elham Fares
- c Department of Medical Histology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- c Department of Medical Histology Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eliazer S, Muncie JM, Christensen J, Sun X, D'Urso RS, Weaver VM, Brack AS. Wnt4 from the Niche Controls the Mechano-Properties and Quiescent State of Muscle Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 25: 654-665. e4. [PMID: 31495781 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells (SCs) reside in a dormant state during tissue homeostasis. The specific paracrine agents and niche cells that maintain SC quiescence remain unknown. We find that Wnt4 produced by the muscle fiber maintains SC quiescence through RhoA. Using cell-specific inducible genetics, we find that a Wnt4-Rho signaling axis constrains SC numbers and activation during tissue homeostasis in adult mice. Wnt4 activates Rho in quiescent SCs to maintain mechanical strain, restrict movement in the niche, and repress YAP. The induction of YAP upon disruption of RhoA is essential for SC activation under homeostasis. In the context of injury, the loss of Wnt4 from the niche accelerates SC activation and muscle repair, whereas overexpression of Wnt4 transitions SCs into a deeper state of quiescence and delays muscle repair. In conclusion, the SC pool undergoes dynamic transitions during early activation with changes in mechano-properties and cytoskeleton signaling preceding cell-cycle entry.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
During senescence, Wnt4 expression is down-regulated (unlike their Frizzled receptors), while PPARgamma expression increases in the thymus. Together, these changes allow for thymic degeneration to occur, observed as adipose involution. However, when restored, Wnt4 can efficiently counteract PPARgamma and prevent thymic senescence from developing. The Wnt-pathway activator miR27b has also been reported to inhibit PPARgamma. Our goal was to evaluate the Wnt4 and miR27b levels of Wnt4-transgenic thymic epithelial cell (TEC)-derived exosomes, show their regenerative potential against age-related thymic degeneration, and visualize their binding and distribution both in vitro and in vivo. First, transgenic exosomes were harvested from Wnt4 over-expressing TECs and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. This unveiled exosomes ranging from 50 to 100 nm in size. Exosomal Wnt4 protein content was assayed by ELISA, while miR27b levels were measured by TaqMan qPCR, both showing elevated levels in transgenic exosomes relative to controls. Of note, kit-purified TEI (total exosome isolate) outperformed UC (ultracentrifugation)-purified exosomes in these parameters. In addition, a significant portion of exosomal Wnt4 proved to be displayed on exosomal surfaces. For functional studies, steroid (Dexamethasone or DX)-induced TECs were used as cellular aging models in which DX-triggered cellular aging was efficiently prevented by transgenic exosomes. Finally, DiI lipid-stained exosomes were applied on the mouse thymus sections and also iv-injected into mice, for in vitro binding and in vivo tracking, respectively. We have observed distinct staining patterns using DiI lipid-stained transgenic exosomes on sections of young and aging murine thymus samples. Moreover, in vivo injected DiI lipid-stained transgenic exosomes showed detectable homing to the thymus. Of note, Wnt4-transgenic exosome homing outperformed control (Wnt5a-transgenic) exosome homing. In summary, our findings indicate that exosomal Wnt4 and miR27b can efficiently counteract thymic adipose involution. Although extrapolation of mouse results to the human setting needs caution, our results appoint transgenic TEC exosomes as promising tools of immune rejuvenation and contribute to the characterization of the immune-modulatory effects of extracellular vesicles in the context of regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Banfai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - David Ernszt
- Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit E Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Krisztian Kvell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhong TY, Zhang ZC, Gao YN, Lu Z, Qiao H, Zhou H, Liu Y. Loss of Wnt4 expression inhibits the odontogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells through JNK signaling in pulpitis. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:1819-1826. [PMID: 30972205 PMCID: PMC6456534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC)-based odontogenic regeneration in inflammatory conditions is important in the process of pulpitis. DPSCs have been reported to lose potential for odontogenic regeneration in inflammatory conditions. This study aims to determine the mechanism of impaired odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs in an inflammatory microenvironment. We regulated Wnt4 expression using recombinant lentiviral Wnt4 and Wnt4 siRNA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red S (ARS) staining as well as Real-Time PCR were performed to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs with either upregulated or downregulated Wnt4. Furthermore, SP600125 was used to inhibit the potential downstream factor JNK1, and the osteogenic differentiation ability of DPSCs was evaluated. As shown, Wnt4 was downregulated in DPSCs under inflammatory conditions. Inhibition of Wnt4 expression in DPSCs negatively regulated odontogenic differentiation. Overexpression of Wnt4 in LPS-treated DPSCs promoted odontogenic differentiation. In addition, JNK1 was responsible for Wnt4-mediated odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Taken together, Wnt4 may function by affecting JNK signaling pathways in the process of impaired odontogenic regeneration by DPSCs under inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Zhang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Nan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hu Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neurobiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang X, Zhang H, Mehmood K, Li K, Zhang L, Yao W, Tong X, Li A, Wang Y, Jiang J, Iqbal M, Waqas M, Li J. Effect of Anacardic Acid against Thiram Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chickens via Regulation of Wnt4 Expression. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E82. [PMID: 30845678 DOI: 10.3390/ani9030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This study evaluated the ameliorating effect of anacardic acid (AA) in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) chickens. Our results showed that AA can increase the feed conversion ratio, improve the weight, length and width of the tibia. AA administration restored the antioxidant parameters significantly (p < 0.05). The gene expression analysis revealed a decrease in wingless-type member 4 (Wnt4) expressions in TD chickens as compared to the control group, while AA treatment up-regulated the Wnt4 expression. The present study demonstrates that the AA plays an important role to prevent the lameness and restore the size of the tibial growth plate of chickens by regulating the expression of Wnt4. Abstract Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a tibia bone problem in broilers. Anacardic acid (AA) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is commonly used to treat arthritis in human. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of AA against TD. A total of 300 day-old poultry birds were equally divided and distributed into three different groups: Control, TD and AA groups. The results showed that the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the TD group than control chickens. The tibia bone parameters including weight, length and width were of low quality in TD chickens, while the width of the tibial growth plate was enlarged remarkably. Whereas, in the AA treatment group, the tibia bone parameters showed improvement and tend to return to normal. The antioxidant parameters level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total and antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly decreased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased significantly in TD affected chickens. AA administration restored the antioxidant parameters significantly. The gene expression revealed a decrease in Wnt4 expression in TD chickens as compared to control chickens, while AA treatment up-regulated the Wnt4 expression. The present study demonstrates that the AA plays an important role to prevent the lameness and restore the size of tibial growth plate of chickens by regulating the expression of Wnt4.
Collapse
|
26
|
Lawlor KT, Zappia L, Lefevre J, Park JS, Hamilton NA, Oshlack A, Little MH, Combes AN. Nephron progenitor commitment is a stochastic process influenced by cell migration. eLife 2019; 8:41156. [PMID: 30676318 PMCID: PMC6363379 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Progenitor self-renewal and differentiation is often regulated by spatially restricted cues within a tissue microenvironment. Here, we examine how progenitor cell migration impacts regionally induced commitment within the nephrogenic niche in mice. We identify a subset of cells that express Wnt4, an early marker of nephron commitment, but migrate back into the progenitor population where they accumulate over time. Single cell RNA-seq and computational modelling of returning cells reveals that nephron progenitors can traverse the transcriptional hierarchy between self-renewal and commitment in either direction. This plasticity may enable robust regulation of nephrogenesis as niches remodel and grow during organogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kynan T Lawlor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Luke Zappia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James Lefevre
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Joo-Seop Park
- Division of Pediatric Urology and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Nicholas A Hamilton
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alicia Oshlack
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexander N Combes
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Huang Z, Yang M, Li Y, Yang F, Feng Y. Exosomes Derived from Hypoxic Colorectal Cancer Cells Transfer Wnt4 to Normoxic Cells to Elicit a Prometastatic Phenotype. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:2094-2102. [PMID: 30585272 PMCID: PMC6299371 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is the most common characteristic of solid tumours driving cancer metastasis. Cancer cells release exosomes with various functions into the tumour microenvironment during cancer progression. However, the roles and associated mechanisms of hypoxic colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived exosomes remain poorly understood. Here, we found that exosomes secreted by hypoxic CRC cells promoted the migration and invasion abilities of normoxic CRC cells. Inhibition of exosome secretion by GW4869 reduced hypoxic exosome-mediated migration and invasion of normoxic CRC cells. Furthermore, we found that these hypoxic exosomes contained Wnt4 depending on HIF1α. Exosomal Wnt4 mediated hypoxic exosome-mediated migration and invasion of normoxic CRC cells. Moreover, exosomal Wnt4 enhanced β-catenin translocation to the nucleus in normoxic CRC cells. The activation of β-catenin signalling was important for the migration and invasion of normoxic CRC cells, which was eliminated by treatment with the β-catenin inhibitor ICG-001. Taken together, the results of our study indicate that hypoxia may stimulate tumour cells to release Wnt4-rich exosomes that are delivered to normoxic cells to enhance prometastatic behaviours, which might provide new targets for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- Department of 11th general surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Yang
- Department of 11th general surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunze Li
- Department of 11th general surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of 11th general surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of 11th general surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jin S, O J, Stellabotte F, Choe CP. Foxi1 promotes late-stage pharyngeal pouch morphogenesis through ectodermal Wnt4a activation. Dev Biol 2018; 441:12-18. [PMID: 29932895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The pharyngeal pouches are a series of epithelial outgrowths of the foregut endoderm. Pharyngeal pouches segment precursors of the vertebrate face into pharyngeal arches and pattern the facial skeleton. These pouches fail to develop normally in zebrafish foxi1 mutants, yet the role Foxi1 plays in pouch development remains to be determined. Here we show that ectodermal Foxi1 acts downstream of Fgf8a during the late stage of pouch development to promote rearrangement of pouch-forming cells into bilayers. During this phase, foxi1 and wnt4a are coexpressed in the facial ectoderm and their expression is expanded in fgf8a mutants. foxi1 expression is unaffected in wnt4a mutants; conversely, ectodermal wnt4a expression is abolished in foxi1 mutants. Consistent with this, foxi1 mutant pouch and facial skeletal defects resemble those of wnt4a mutants. These findings suggest that ectodermal Foxi1 mediates late-stage pouch morphogenesis through wnt4a expression. We therefore propose that Fox1 activation of Wnt4a in the ectoderm signals the epithelial stabilization of pouch-forming cells during late-stage of pouch morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sil Jin
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun O
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Frank Stellabotte
- School of Allied Health, Business, and STEM, Middlesex Community College, Middletown, CT 06457, USA
| | - Chong Pyo Choe
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
La L, Wang L, Qin F, Jiang J, He S, Wang C, Li Y. Zhen-wu-tang ameliorates adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats: regulation of the canonical Wnt4/beta-catenin signaling in the kidneys. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 219:81-90. [PMID: 29248448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zhen-wu-tang (ZWT), composed of Radix Aconiti lateralis, Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae, Poria, Radix Paeoniae alba and ginger, is a classic Chinese herbal formula for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases that may cause chronic renal failure (CRF). AIM OF THE STUDY To better understand its clinical use, this study investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of ZWT on CRF. MATERIALS AND METHODS CRF was induced by adenine. ZWT was given via an oral gavage method. The serum biochemical parameters were measured enzymatically or by ELISA. The kidneys were examined pathohistologically. The gene expression was analyzed by real time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Similar to the positive control losartan, ZWT extract inhibited adenine-induced increase in serum concentrations of creatinine, BUN and advanced oxidation protein products in rats. These effects were accompanied by attenuation of proteinuria and renal pathological changes and suppression of renal mRNA and protein overexpression of Collagen IV and fibronectin, two of the key components of fibrosis. Mechanistically, renal mRNA and protein expression of Wnt4, a Wnt signaling ligand, was increased in the adenine-treated group, compared to the vehicle-treated control. Consistently, Wnt4 downstream genes beta-catenin and Axin were also overexpressed. Treatment with ZWT extract and losartan suppressed adenine-stimulated overexpression of these mRNAs and proteins. CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that ZWT extract ameliorates adenine-induced CRF in rats by regulation of the canonical Wnt4/beta-catenin signaling in the kidneys. Our findings provide new insight into the underlying renoprotective mechanisms of the ancient formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei La
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China.
| | - Fei Qin
- Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holdings CO. Ltd, BAIYUNSHAN Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jian Jiang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NSW 2000, Australia.
| | - Songqi He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NSW 2000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen Y, Zhang P, Tang P, Lv P, Li X, Wang Y, Lv Y, Liu Y. Wnt4 overexpression promotes thymoma development through a JNK-mediated planar cell polarity-like pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:83-90. [PMID: 29387212 PMCID: PMC5769365 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymoma is the most common neoplasm of the anterosuperior mediastinum. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway has a role in a variety of human cancers. The present objective was to examine c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mRNA and protein expression in thymoma cells undergoing apoptosis subsequent to downregulation of Wnt4. Wnt4 and JNK mRNA and protein expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in 15 thymoma tissues and 6 thymus cyst tissues. Thymoma cells were cultured and transfected with shRNA plasmids targeting the Wnt4 gene. Wnt4 and JNK protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. Apoptosis was analyzed using Wright-Giemsa staining, Hoechst-33342/propidium iodine double staining and flow cytometry. The results showed that Wnt4 and JNK mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in thymoma compared with normal thymus tissue. Subsequent to transfection, thymoma Wnt4 and JNK mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in shRNA-treated groups, with the strongest inhibition being 52.37%. Characteristic apoptotic morphological changes were observed and apoptosis increased. Overall, the present concluded that Wnt4 has an important role in thymoma development, which appears to be activated through a JNK mediated planar cell polarity-like pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Peiyuan Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Peng Lv
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yuanguo Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yimei Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhu Y, Zhang B, Gong A, Fu H, Zhang X, Shi H, Sun Y, Wu L, Pan Z, Mao F, Zhu W, Qian H, Xu W. Anti-cancer drug 3,3'-diindolylmethane activates Wnt4 signaling to enhance gastric cancer cell stemness and tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16311-24. [PMID: 26918831 PMCID: PMC4941316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As a natural health supplement, 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) is proposed as a preventive and chemotherapeutic agent for cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. However, we found that in contrary to high level of DIM (30 μM), low level of DIM (1 μM and 10 μM) obviously promoted gastric cancer cell growth and migration. In addition, we found that low level of DIM increased the expression of stemness factors and enhanced the pluripotency of gastric cancer cells. Low level of DIM promoted gastric cancer progression by inducing the PORCN-dependent secretion of Wnt4 and the activation of β-catenin signaling. Wnt4 knockdown reversed the effects of low level of DIM on gastric cancer cells. The results of in vivo studies showed that gastric cancer cells treated with low level of DIM (1 μM) grew faster and expressed higher level of Wnt4 than control cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that low level of DIM activates autocrine Wnt4 signaling to enhance the progression of gastric cancer, which may suggest an adverse aspect of DIM in cancer therapy. Our findings will provide a new aspect for the safety of DIM in its clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoji Pan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chung E, Deacon P, Park JS. Notch is required for the formation of all nephron segments and primes nephron progenitors for differentiation. Development 2017; 144:4530-4539. [PMID: 29113990 DOI: 10.1242/dev.156661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling plays important roles during mammalian nephrogenesis. To investigate whether Notch regulates nephron segmentation, we performed Notch loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies in developing nephrons in mice. Contrary to the previous notion that Notch signaling promotes the formation of proximal tubules and represses the formation of distal tubules in the mammalian nephron, we show that inhibition of Notch blocks the formation of all nephron segments and that constitutive activation of Notch in developing nephrons does not promote or repress the formation of a specific segment. Cells lacking Notch fail to form the S-shaped body and show reduced expression of Lhx1 and Hnf1b Consistent with this, we find that constitutive activation of Notch in mesenchymal nephron progenitors causes ectopic expression of Lhx1 and Hnf1b and that these cells eventually form a heterogeneous population that includes proximal tubules and other types of cells. Our data suggest that Notch signaling is required for the formation of all nephron segments and that it primes nephron progenitors for differentiation rather than directing their cell fates into a specific nephron segment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunah Chung
- Division of Pediatric Urology and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Patrick Deacon
- Division of Pediatric Urology and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Joo-Seop Park
- Division of Pediatric Urology and Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen Y, Liu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Lu C, Zhang P. Decreased Wnt4 expression inhibits thymoma development through downregulation of FoxN1. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:1574-1583. [PMID: 28740671 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.05.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt signaling pathway controls the development of thymic epithelial cells by regulating the expression of FoxN1. Thymoma is a type of malignant tumor arising from the thymic epithelial cells. To determine whether Wnt4 and FoxN1 are involved in the pathogenesis of thymoma, this study determined the mRNA and protein levels of Wnt4 and Foxn1 in thymoma, and analyzed the effect of thymoma cell apoptosis and tumor growth in nude mice after Wnt4 and FoxN1 downregulation. METHODS Wnt4 and FoxN1 mRNA and protein levels in thymoma tissues were analyzed by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Thymoma cells were cultured and transfected with siRNA targeting the Wnt4, JNK, and FoxN1 genes. Apoptosis of thymoma cells were analyzed after Wnt4 and FoxN1 downregulation. In addition, thymoma cells were inoculated into nude mice and tumor growth was analyzed. RESULTS The rates of expression of Wnt4 and FoxN1 protein were 64.3% and 58.9%, while the levels of mRNA expression were 2.56±0.04 and 1.83±0.11, respectively. With increasing malignancy of thymoma, the rates of positivity for Wnt4 and FoxN1 mRNA and protein expression gradually increased. Upon interfering with Wnt4, JNK, and FoxN1 gene expression by using siRNA technology, the inhibition rates were 56.7%, 72.6%, and 63.2%, respectively. The expression of FoxN1 mRNA and protein was decreased after Wnt4 and JNK downregulation. After downregulation of Wnt4 and FoxN1 gene expression, the apoptosis rate of thymoma cells increased and the tumor volume decreased in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS High expression of Wnt4 and FoxN1 may play an important role in the generation and development of thymoma. The FoxN1 gene produced a marked downstream effect through the regulation of Wnt4. Determining the positivity for both Wnt4 and FoxN1 can help us to evaluate the level of malignancy of thymoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yimei Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yuanguo Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.,Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Y, Chen Q, Liu Z, Guo X, Du Y, Yuan Z, Guo M, Kang L, Sun Y, Jiang Y. Transcriptome Analysis on Single Small Yellow Follicles Reveals That Wnt4 Is Involved in Chicken Follicle Selection. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:317. [PMID: 29187833 PMCID: PMC5694752 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian follicle selection is an important process impacting the laying performance and fecundity of hens, and is regulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) through binding to its receptor [follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR)]. In laying hens, the small yellow follicle (6-8 mm in diameter) with the highest expression of FSHR will be recruited into the preovulatory hierarchy during ovarian follicle development. The study of molecular mechanism of chicken follicle selection is helpful for the identification of genes underlying egg-laying traits in chicken and other poultry species. Herein, the transcriptomes of chicken small yellow follicles differing in the mRNA expression of FSHR were compared, and a total of 17,993 genes were identified in 3 pairs of small yellow follicles. The Wnt signaling pathway was significantly enriched in the follicles with the greatest fold change in FSHR expression. In this pathway, the expression level of Wnt4 mRNA was significantly upregulated with a log2(fold change) of 2.12. We further investigated the expression, function, and regulation of Wnt4 during chicken follicle selection and found that Wnt4 mRNA reached its peak in small yellow follicles; Wnt4 stimulated the proliferation of follicular granulosa cells (GCs), increased the expression of StAR and CYP11A1 mRNA in prehierarchical and hierarchical follicles, increased the expression of FSHR mRNA, and decreased the expression of anti-Müllerian hormone and OCLN mRNA. Treatment with FSH significantly increased Wnt4 expression in GCs. Moreover, Wnt4 facilitated the effects of FSH on the production of progesterone (P4) and the mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes in the GCs of hierarchical follicles, but inhibited the effects of FSH in the GCs of prehierarchical follicles. Collectively, these data suggest that Wnt4 plays an important role in chicken follicle selection by stimulating GC proliferation and steroidogenesis. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the egg-laying performance of chicken and a reference for the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of follicular selection in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiya Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Qiuyue Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zemin Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Xiaoli Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yanzhi Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhenjie Yuan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Li Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Yunliang Jiang,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Böhne A, Wilson CA, Postlethwait JH, Salzburger W. Variations on a theme: Genomics of sex determination in the cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:883. [PMID: 27821061 PMCID: PMC5100337 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sex chromosomes change more frequently in fish than in mammals or birds. However, certain chromosomes or genes are repeatedly used as sex determinants in different members of the teleostean lineage. East African cichlids are an enigmatic model system in evolutionary biology representing some of the most diverse extant vertebrate adaptive radiations. How sex is determined and if different sex-determining mechanisms contribute to speciation is unknown for almost all of the over 1,500 cichlid species of the Great Lakes. Here, we investigated the genetic basis of sex determination in a cichlid from Lake Tanganyika, Astatotilapia burtoni, a member of the most species-rich cichlid lineage, the haplochromines. Results We used RAD-sequencing of crosses for two populations of A. burtoni, a lab strain and fish caught at the south of Lake Tanganyika. Using association mapping and comparative genomics, we confirmed male heterogamety in A. burtoni and identified different sex chromosomes (LG5 and LG18) in the two populations of the same species. LG5, the sex chromosome of the lab strain, is a fusion chromosome in A. burtoni. Wnt4 is located on this chromosome, representing the best candidate identified so far for the master sex-determining gene in our lab strain of A. burtoni. Conclusions Cichlids exemplify the high turnover rate of sex chromosomes in fish with two different chromosomes, LG5 and LG18, containing major sex-determining loci in the two populations of A. burtoni examined here. However, they also illustrate that particular chromosomes are more likely to be used as sex chromosomes. Chromosome 5 is such a chromosome, which has evolved several times as a sex chromosome, both in haplochromine cichlids from all Great Lakes and also in other teleost fishes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3178-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Böhne
- Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Walter Salzburger
- Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bowen A, Kos K, Whatmore J, Richardson S, Welters HJ. Wnt4 antagonises Wnt3a mediated increases in growth and glucose stimulated insulin secretion in the pancreatic beta-cell line, INS-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:793-799. [PMID: 27687546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt signalling pathway in beta-cells has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. Investigating the impact of a non-canonical Wnt ligand, Wnt4, on beta-cell function we found that in INS-1 cells, Wnt4 was able to completely block Wnt3a stimulated cell growth and insulin secretion. However, despite high levels of Wnt4 protein being detected in INS-1 cells, reducing the expression of Wnt4 had no impact on cell growth or Wnt3a signalling. As such, the role of the endogenously expressed Wnt4 in beta-cells is unclear, but the data showing that Wnt4 can act as a negative regulator of canonical Wnt signalling in beta-cells suggests that this pathway could be a potential target for modulating beta-cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bowen
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - K Kos
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - J Whatmore
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - S Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - H J Welters
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen Z, Zhu JY, Fu Y, Richman A, Han Z. Wnt4 is required for ostia development in the Drosophila heart. Dev Biol 2016; 413:188-98. [PMID: 26994311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Drosophila ostia are valve-like structures in the heart with functional similarity to vertebrate cardiac valves. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is critical for valve development in zebrafish and mouse, but the key ligand(s) for valve induction remains unclear. We observed high levels of Wnt4 gene expression in Drosophila ostia progenitor cells, immediately prior to morphological differentiation of these cells associated with ostia formation. This differentiation was blocked in Wnt4 mutants and in flies expressing canonical Wnt signaling pathway inhibitors but not inhibitors of the planar cell polarity pathway. High levels of Wnt4 dependent activation of a canonical Wnt signaling reporter was observed specifically in ostia progenitor cells. In vertebrate valve formation Wnt signaling is active in cells undergoing early endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the Wnt9 homolog of Drosophila Wnt4 is expressed in valve progenitors. In demonstrating an essential role for Wnt4 in ostia development we have identified similarities between molecular and cellular events associated with early EMT during vertebrate valve development and the differentiation and partial delamination of ostia progenitor cells in the process of ostia formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Chen
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Jun-Yi Zhu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Yulong Fu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Adam Richman
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA; Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ohnishi M, Urasaki T, Ochiai H, Matsuoka K, Takeo S, Harada T, Ohsugi Y, Inoue A. Selective enhancement of wnt4 expression by cyclic AMP-associated cooperation between rat central astrocytes and microglia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:367-72. [PMID: 26431871 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The wnt protein family has important members involved in cell differentiation, proliferation and plasticity expression; however, little is known about its biosynthesis processes. On the other hand, an increase in the intracerebral cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) level leads to synaptic plasticity via the de novo synthesis of any protein. Here, the effect of dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), a membrane permeability cAMP analog, on the wnt family was investigated in rat primary-cultured glial cells containing astrocytes and microglia. Among wnt3a, 4, 5a, 7a and 11 mRNA, only wnt4 expression was increased by longer treatment (24 h), compared with short treatment (2 h), with dbcAMP in a concentration-dependent manner, and its effect reached statistical significance at 1 mM. In cultures of isolated astrocytes or microglia, wnt4 expression was not affected by 1 mM dbcAMP for 24 h, and microglial wnt4 protein was undetectable even when cells were treated with the drug. Mixed glial cells treated for 24 h with 1 mM dbcAMP showed significantly increased wnt4 protein, as well as mRNA. Immunofluorescence manifested that cells that expressed wnt4 protein were astrocytes, but not microglia. Intraperitoneal injection of 1.25 mg/kg rolipram, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) IV inhibitor that can pass through the blood brain barrier and inhibits cAMP degradation specifically, showed a tendency to increase wnt4 expression in the adult rat brain after 24 h, and the increases in wnt4 mRNA and protein levels reached statistical significance in the hippocampus and striatum, respectively. This is the first finding to help elucidate the selective biosynthesis of central wnt4 through cAMP-stimulated microglia and astrocytes interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan; Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Urasaki
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ochiai
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Kohei Matsuoka
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Shin Takeo
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Tomoki Harada
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Ohsugi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| | - Atsuko Inoue
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan; Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Caprioli A, Villasenor A, Wylie LA, Braitsch C, Marty-Santos L, Barry D, Karner CM, Fu S, Meadows SM, Carroll TJ, Cleaver O. Wnt4 is essential to normal mammalian lung development. Dev Biol 2015; 406:222-34. [PMID: 26321050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is essential to many events during organogenesis, including the development of the mammalian lung. The Wnt family member Wnt4 has been shown to be required for the development of kidney, gonads, thymus, mammary and pituitary glands. Here, we show that Wnt4 is critical for proper morphogenesis and growth of the respiratory system. Using in situ hybridization in mouse embryos, we identify a previously uncharacterized site of Wnt4 expression in the anterior trunk mesoderm. This expression domain initiates as early as E8.25 in the mesoderm abutting the tracheoesophageal endoderm, between the fusing dorsal aortae and the heart. Analysis of Wnt4(-/-) embryos reveals severe lung hypoplasia and tracheal abnormalities; however, aortic fusion and esophageal development are unaffected. We find decreased cell proliferation in Wnt4(-/-) lung buds, particularly in tip domains. In addition, we observe reduction of the important lung growth factors Fgf9, Fgf10, Sox9 and Wnt2 in the lung bud during early stages of organogenesis, as well as decreased tracheal expression of the progenitor factor Sox9. Together, these data reveal a previously unknown role for the secreted protein Wnt4 in respiratory system development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Caprioli
- Dept. of Biology and Physical Sciences, Marymount Univ., 2807 N. Glebe Rd., Arlington, VA 22207, USA
| | - Alethia Villasenor
- Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Germany
| | - Lyndsay A Wylie
- Dept. of Genetics, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Caitlin Braitsch
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Leilani Marty-Santos
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David Barry
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Courtney M Karner
- Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington Univ. School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63131, USA
| | - Stephen Fu
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Stryder M Meadows
- Dept. of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane Univ., 2000 Percival Stern Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Thomas J Carroll
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Dept. of Molecular Biology, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are involved in muscle growth and repair. However, clarification of their behavior in hibernating mammals is lacking. The aim of this study was to quantify SCs and total myonuclei in hibernator muscle during different phases of the torpor-arousal cycle. Skeletal muscle was collected from thirteen-lined ground squirrels, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus, at five timepoints during hibernation: control euthermic [CON, stable body temperature (Tb)], early torpor (ET, within 24h), late torpor (LT, 5+ consecutive days), early arousal (EA, increased respiratory rate >60 breaths/min, Tb 9-12°C) and interbout arousal (IA, euthermic Tb). Protein levels of p21, Myf5, Wnt4, and β-catenin were determined by western blotting. SCs (Pax7(+)) and myonuclei were identified using immunohistochemistry. Over the torpor-arousal cycle, myonuclei/fiber remained unchanged. However, the percentage of SCs increased significantly during ET (7.35±1.04% vs. CONTROL 4.18±0.58%; p<0.05) and returned to control levels during LT. This coincided with a 224% increase in p21 protein during ET. Protein levels of Wnt4 did not change throughout, whereas Myf5 was lower during EA (p<0.08) and IA (p<0.05). Compared to torpor, β-catenin increased by 247% and 279% during EA and IA, respectively (p<0.05). In conclusion, SCs were not dormant during hibernation and increased numbers of SC during ET corresponded with elevated amounts of p21 suggesting that cell cycle control may explain the SC return to baseline levels during late torpor. Despite relatively low Tb during early arousal, active control of quiescence by Myf5 is reduced.
Collapse
|
41
|
Kobayashi Y, Thirukonda GJ, Nakamura Y, Koide M, Yamashita T, Uehara S, Kato H, Udagawa N, Takahashi N. Wnt16 regulates osteoclast differentiation in conjunction with Wnt5a. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1278-83. [PMID: 26093292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in osteoblast-lineage cells inhibits osteoclastogenesis through the expression of osteoprotegerin (Opg), a decoy receptor of receptor activator of Nf-κb (Rank) ligands. Wnt5a, a typical non-canonical Wnt ligand, enhances the expression of Rank in osteoclast precursors, which, in turn, promotes the Rank ligand (Rankl)-induced formation of osteoclasts. In contrast, Wnt16 and Wnt4 have been shown to inhibit the Rankl-induced formation of osteoclasts through non-canonical Wnt signals. However, the relationships among these Wnt ligands in osteoclastogenesis remained to be elucidated. We herein showed that Wnt16, but not Wnt4, inhibited the Rankl-induced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMM) cultures. Wnt3a and Wnt4 inhibited the 1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25D3)-induced osteoclastogenesis in co-cultures prepared from wild-type mice, but not in those from Opg(-/-) nice. Wnt16 inhibited the 1,25D3-induced formation of osteoclasts in both wild-type and Opg(-/-) co-cultures. Wnt16, Wnt4, and Wnt3a failed to inhibit the pit-forming activity of osteoclasts. Wnt16 failed to inhibit the Wnt5a-induced expression of Rank in osteoclast precursors. In contrast, Wnt5a abrogated the inhibitory effects of Wnt16 on Rankl-induced osteoclastogenesis. These results suggested that Wnt16 inhibited osteoclastogenesis, but not the function of osteoclasts and that Wnt16, an inhibitory Wnt ligand for osteoclastogenesis, regulates bone resorption in conjunction with Wnt5a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kobayashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan.
| | | | - Yukio Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masanori Koide
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Teruhito Yamashita
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takahashi
- Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang B, Wang M, Gong A, Zhang X, Wu X, Zhu Y, Shi H, Wu L, Zhu W, Qian H, Xu W. HucMSC-Exosome Mediated- Wnt4 Signaling Is Required for Cutaneous Wound Healing. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2158-68. [PMID: 24964196 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Ex) play important roles in tissue injury repair, however, the roles of MSC-Ex in skin damage repair and its mechanisms are largely unknown. Herein, we examined the benefit of human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosome (hucMSC-Ex) in cutaneous wound healing using a rat skin burn model. We found that hucMSC-Ex-treated wounds exhibited significantly accelerated re-epithelialization, with increased expression of CK19, PCNA, collagen I (compared to collagen III) in vivo. HucMSC-Ex promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of skin cells after heat-stress in vitro. We also discovered that Wnt4 was contained in hucMSC-Ex, and hucMSC-Ex-derived Wnt4 promoted β-catenin nuclear translocation and activity to enhance proliferation and migration of skin cells, which could be reversed by β-catenin inhibitor ICG001. In vivo studies confirmed that the activation of Wnt/β-catenin by hucMSC-Ex played a key role in wound re-epithelialization and cell proliferation. Furthermore, knockdown of Wnt4 in hucMSC-Ex abrogated β-catenin activation and skin cell proliferation and migration in vitro. The in vivo therapeutic effects were also inhibited when the expression of Wnt4 in hucMSC-Ex was interfered. In addition, the activation of AKT pathway by hucMSC-Ex was associated with the reduction of heat stress-induced apoptosis in rat skin burn model. Collectively, our findings indicate that exosome-delivered Wnt4 provides new aspects for the therapeutic strategy of MSCs in cutaneous wound healing. Stem Cells 2015;33:2158-2168.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Medical School, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang B, Wu X, Zhang X, Sun Y, Yan Y, Shi H, Zhu Y, Wu L, Pan Z, Zhu W, Qian H, Xu W. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes enhance angiogenesis through the Wnt4/β-catenin pathway. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:513-22. [PMID: 25824139 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) and their exosomes have been considered as potential therapeutic tools for tissue regeneration; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. In this study, we isolated and characterized the exosomes from hucMSCs (hucMSC-Ex) and demonstrated that hucMSC-Ex promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hucMSC-Ex promoted wound healing and angiogenesis in vivo by using a rat skin burn model. We discovered that hucMSC-Ex promoted β-catenin nuclear translocation and induced the increased expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D3, N-cadherin, and β-catenin and the decreased expression of E-cadherin. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin is critical in the induction of angiogenesis by hucMSC-Ex, which could be reversed by β-catenin inhibitor ICG-001. Wnt4 was delivered by hucMSC-Ex, and the knockdown of Wnt4 in hucMSC-Ex abrogated β-catenin nuclear translocation in endothelial cells. The in vivo proangiogenic effects were also inhibited by interference of Wnt4 expression in hucMSC-Ex. Taken together, these results suggest that hucMSC-Ex-mediated Wnt4 induces β-catenin activation in endothelial cells and exerts proangiogenic effects, which could be an important mechanism for cutaneous wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoxiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shi
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoji Pan
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Cai et al. find that Rspo1 cooperates with another hormonal mediator, Wnt4, to promote mammary stem cell (MaSC) self-renewal through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Hormonal treatment that stimulates the expression of both Rspo1 and Wnt4 can completely substitute for exogenous Wnt proteins, potently expand MaSCs, and maintain their full development potential in transplantation. This study shows that hormones can induce a collaborative local niche environment for stem cells. Signals from the niche play pivotal roles in regulating adult stem cell self-renewal. Previous studies indicated that the steroid hormones can expand mammary stem cells (MaSCs) in vivo. However, the facilitating local niche factors that directly contribute to the MaSC expansion remain unclear. Here we identify R-spondin1 (Rspo1) as a novel hormonal mediator in the mammary gland. Pregnancy and hormonal treatment up-regulate Rspo1 expression. Rspo1 cooperates with another hormonal mediator, Wnt4, to promote MaSC self-renewal through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Knockdown of Rspo1 and Wnt4 simultaneously abolishes the stem cell reconstitution ability. In culture, hormonal treatment that stimulates the expression of both Rspo1 and Wnt4 can completely substitute for exogenous Wnt proteins, potently expand MaSCs, and maintain their full development potential in transplantation. Our data unveil the intriguing concept that hormones induce a collaborative local niche environment for stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheguo Cai
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qing Cissy Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Weimin Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wenqian Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hua Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Arial Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li W, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Huang G, Zhang Q. Wnt4 is overexpressed in human pituitary adenomas and is associated with tumor invasion. J Clin Neurosci 2013; 21:137-41. [PMID: 24200887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt4 molecule is a secretory glycoprotein implicated in proliferation and differentiation of both normal and malignant cells. Despite extensive investigation of Wnt4 expression in various cancers, little is known about its expression pattern in different types of pituitary tumors. In this study, we examined the expression of Wnt4 and its downstream molecule β-catenin in pituitary adenoma specimens. Pituitary adenoma tissues were collected from 43 patients and four normal pituitary tissue samples were obtained at autopsy. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to detect the expression of Wnt4 and β-catenin mRNA and protein, respectively. Tumor invasion grade (Knosp grade) was determined on MRI images and was correlated to β-catenin expression. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated elevated Wnt4 expression in follicle-stimulating hormone-producing adenomas, growth hormone-producing adenomas, prolactin-producing adenomas, thyroid-stimulating hormone-producing adenomas and non-functioning adenomas, while adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing adenomas showed a low level of Wnt4 expression that was comparable to normal pituitary tissue. These results were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and western blot analyses. The expression pattern of β-catenin was similar to that of Wnt4 and was inversely correlated to the Knosp grade of tumor invasion. These data indicate that Wnt4 signaling is deregulated in most pituitary adenomas and its excessive activation may inhibit pituitary tumor invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Li
- National Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Institute, Central South University, 932 LuShanNanLu Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410078, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yangde Zhang
- National Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Research Institute, Central South University, 932 LuShanNanLu Road, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guodong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiusheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Maatouk DM, Mork L, Chassot AA, Chaboissier MC, Capel B. Disruption of mitotic arrest precedes precocious differentiation and transdifferentiation of pregranulosa cells in the perinatal Wnt4 mutant ovary. Dev Biol 2013; 383:295-306. [PMID: 24036309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sex determination is controlled by antagonistic pathways that are initially co-expressed in the bipotential gonad and subsequently become male- or female-specific. In XY gonads, testis development is initiated by upregulation of Sox9 by SRY in pre-Sertoli cells. Disruption of either gene leads to complete male-to-female sex reversal. Ovarian development is dependent on canonical Wnt signaling through Wnt4, Rspo1 and β-catenin. However, only a partial female-to-male sex reversal results from disruption of these ovary-promoting genes. In Wnt4 and Rspo1 mutants, there is evidence of pregranulosa cell-to-Sertoli cell transdifferentiation near birth, following a severe decline in germ cells. It is currently unclear why primary sex reversal does not occur at the sex-determining stage, but instead occurs near birth in these mutants. Here we show that Wnt4-null and Rspo1-null pregranulosa cells transition through a differentiated granulosa cell state prior to transdifferentiating towards a Sertoli cell fate. This transition is preceded by a wave of germ cell death that is closely associated with the disruption of pregranulosa cell quiescence. Our results suggest that maintenance of mitotic arrest in pregranulosa cells may preclude upregulation of Sox9 in cases where female sex-determining genes are disrupted. This may explain the lack of complete sex reversal in such mutants at the sex-determining stage.
Collapse
|
47
|
Bai J, Wang Y, Li C, Zhang Y. Effects of fulvestrant on biological activity and Wnt expression in rat GH3 cells. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:283-9. [PMID: 25806070 PMCID: PMC4353101 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of anti-estrogen treatment (fulvestrant) on pituitary adenoma cell line GH3 biological activity, the estrogen receptor α pathway, the WnT pathway, and mechanisms of decreased Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression in GH3 cells. Results showed that fulvestrant suppressed GH3 cell proliferation and reduced hormone secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Estrogen receptor α and Wnt4 expression decreased, but Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression increased in a dose-dependent manner following fulvestrant treatment, and β-catenin expression remained unchanged. Inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone modification upregulated Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression. Results suggested that fulvestrant suppressed biological activity of GH3 cells via the estrogen receptor α and Wnt pathways. These results suggested that decreased Wnt inhibitory factor-1 expression in GH3 cells played a role in epigenetic mechanisms. Anti-estrogen therapies could provide novel treatments for growth hormone adenomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Bai
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Clinical Genetics, Affiliated Bayi Children's Hospital, General Hospital of Beijing Military Command of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|