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Li Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Xu J, Li R, Qiu Z, Jiang L, Shen F, Jiang S, Li B, Chu Y, He L, Pu L, Han X, Long X, Xue X, Tao J, Wu Y, Guo T, Yuan Y, Wang X, Wang J, Xu J, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Hua W, Su Y, Tang B. Performance of Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (S-ICD) in Chinese Population with Primary Prevention Indications: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942747. [PMID: 38400538 PMCID: PMC10900845 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND International studies have shown that use of a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) could reduce lead-related complications while maintaining adequate defibrillation performance; however, data from the Chinese population or other Asian groups are limited. MATERIAL AND METHODS SCOPE is a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study. Two hundred patients with primary prevention indication for sudden cardiac death (SCD), who are candidates for S-ICD, will be enrolled. From the same population, another 200 patients who are candidates for transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (TV-ICD) will be enrolled after being matched for age, sex, SCD high-risk etiology (ischemic cardiomyopathy, and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, ion channel disease, and other) and atrial fibrillation in a 1: 1 ratio with enrolled S-ICD patients. All the patients will be followed for 18 months under standard of care. RESULTS The primary endpoint is proportion of patients free from inappropriate shock (IAS) at 18 months in the S-ICD group. The lower 95% confidence bound of the proportion will be compared with a performance goal of 90.3%, which was derived from the previous meta-analysis. The comparisons between S-ICD and TV-ICD on IAS, appropriate shock, and complications will be used as secondary endpoints without formal assumptions. CONCLUSIONS This is the first prospective multicenter study focusing on the long-term performance of S-ICD in a Chinese population. By comparing with the data derived from international historical studies and a matched TV-ICD group, data from SCOPE will allow for the assessment of S-ICD in the Chinese population in a contemporary real-world implantation level and programming techniques, which will help us to further modify the device implantation and programming protocol in this specific population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yangxin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ruogu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lingyun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Farong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Qiushi Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shubin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yingjie Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Henan People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Lang He
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lijin Pu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xuebin Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Province Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jianhong Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China (mainland)
| | - Yongquan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjing Chest Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yangang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Baopeng Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
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Hamid MFA, Abdul-Razak S, Azraai AM, Miptah HN. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting with Chronic Cough and Hemoptysis in Primary Care: A Case Report. Am J Case Rep 2023; 24:e941089. [PMID: 37946402 PMCID: PMC10643887 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.941089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The article discusses an unusual case of papillary thyroid carcinoma in which chronic cough and hemoptysis were the predominant symptoms. While the more common causes of hemoptysis are pulmonary in origin, extrapulmonary etiologies have been reported, including thyroid carcinoma. The clinical presentation of thyroid malignancy in this case mimics many other common disorders, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchogenic carcinoma, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hence, making it challenging to suspect early when patients present to primary care. CASE REPORT A 54-year-old woman presented with a chronic cough and hemoptysis in our Primary Care Medicine Clinic. While initial assessments in the primary care medicine clinic yielded no remarkable findings, a subsequent high-resolution computed tomography scan of the thorax uncovered a thyroid lesion. Subsequent evaluation in the hospital setting included an ultrasound examination, revealing multiple thyroid nodules, and fine needle aspiration that confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma. She underwent total thyroidectomy with central and left lateral neck dissection, complicated by left vocal cord palsy. She received 2 cycles of periodic radioactive iodine therapy and injection laryngoplasty postoperatively. There was no evidence of iodin avid disease and recurrence of hemoptysis after surgery. CONCLUSIONS This case report emphasizes the significance of considering papillary thyroid carcinoma when assessing hemoptysis in the primary care setting, as early detection and treatment of it would result in a better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farid Abd Hamid
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suraya Abdul-Razak
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Cardiac Vascular and Lung Research Institute (CaVaLRI), Hospital Sultan Al-Abdullah, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Awla Mohd Azraai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hayatul Najaa Miptah
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
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Karampinis E, Lallas A, Lazaridou E, Errichetti E, Apalla Z. Race-Specific and Skin of Color Dermatoscopic Characteristics of Skin Cancer: A Literature Review. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1304S1a311S. [PMID: 37874992 PMCID: PMC10824324 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1304s1a311s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with melanin-rich skin account for the majority of the world's population. However, literature data regarding dermatoscopic characteristics of skin cancer in skin of color (SoC) are scarce. The dermatoscopic characteristics of cutaneous tumors might differ among skin types due to heterogeneity in composition and pigmentation. OBJECTIVES To summarize literature data on the dermatoscopic findings of skin neoplasms, according to the skin color and race. METHODS The literature search was performed using PubMed database up to December 30, 2022 and was conducted with the use of terms referring to dermatoscopy, race (Caucasians, Hispanics, Asians, and Black/African) and skin cancer types (BCC, SCC, keratoacanthoma, Bowen's disease and melanoma). RESULTS In total, 30 race-specific records were included. 9 SoC records for BCCs (2 BCC studies in Hispanics, 1 BCC study in Black individuals and 6 BCC studies in Asians ), 9 SoC records for SCCs ( 1 SCC study in Hispanics, 1 SCC study in Black individuals and 7 SCCs in Asian population) and 8 SoC records for melanoma (2 melanoma studies in Hispanics, 1 melanoma study in Blacks and 5 melanoma studies in Asians) were compared with 4 records that involved only Caucasian population, according to their participant section as well as with studies on dermatoscopy characteristics without focusing on race origins and phototype of the patient. In Hispanics and in both fair and dark-skinned Asians, BCCs were more often pigmented or at least with pigmented structures on dermoscopy. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and keratoacanthoma were the least studied in SoC patients. Bowen's disease in SoC patients can be pigmented in a higher frequency compared to Caucasians, with glomerular vessels and a squamous surface being the most common dermatoscopic findings. The most frequent pattern of melanomas in SoC individuals were the parallel ridge pattern in palmoplantar region. CONCLUSION Based on a review of studies including Caucasians, Hispanics, Asians and Blacks /Africans, SoC patients present with more frequent and unique dermatoscopy features of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Karampinis
- Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aimilios Lallas
- First Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Lazaridou
- Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Enzo Errichetti
- Institute of Dermatology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Zoe Apalla
- Second Dermatology Department, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Muramatsu
- Professor of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Fellow, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marshall H. Chin
- Richard Parrillo Family Professor of Healthcare Ethics, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Qiu JY, Wu XG, Zhang T, Park S. Association between PLA2R1 rs4664308 and susceptibility to idiopathic membranous nephropathy: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22908. [PMID: 33157933 PMCID: PMC7647530 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have evaluated the association between the phospholipase A2 m-type receptor (PLA2R1) rs4664308 polymorphism and the risk of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), but the results need to be integrated. We hypothesized that the PLA2R1 rs4664308 polymorphism is associated with IMN risk in different ethnicities and assessed this hypothesis by using meta-analysis and case-control studies.A literature searches on PLA2R1 rs4664308 and IMN risk was conducted using the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Medical Databases. The relationship between PLA2R1 rs4664308 and IMN risk was evaluated in 5 genetic models, namely, allelic (AG), recessive (RG), dominant (DG), homozygous (HMG), and heterozygous (HTG) models. Subgroup analysis was conducted by ethnicity on Asian and non-Asian populations.Eight sets of data from 6 articles met study objectives were selected and 6797 subjects (IMN: 2324 Controls: 4,473) were included. Heterogeneity was found in the DG, HMG, and HTG models but not in the AG or RG models. The minor allele(G) of PLA2R1 rs4664308 showed a significant negative correlation with IMN risk in all genetic random models: odds ratio of AG: 0.44(0.37-0.51), RG: 0.35(0.29-0.42), DG: 0.38(0.31-0.48), HMG: 0.26(0.19-0.37), and HTG: 0.61(0.48-0.77; P < .00001), and Asians and non-Asians showed the same effect of PLA2R1 rs4664308 on IMN risk. Analysis of Asians and non-Asians revealed no publication bias in any of the 5 genetic models.The minor allele of PLA2R1 rs4664308 has a protective activity against IMN in Asians and non-Asians. It provided new insights into potential curative and preventative treatments for IMN.
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Kaur RP, Vasudeva K, Kumar R, Munshi A. Role of p53 Gene in Breast Cancer: Focus on Mutation Spectrum and Therapeutic Strategies. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:3566-3575. [PMID: 30255744 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180926095709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene which is commonly mutated in various cancers including breast cancer. Alterations in the gene lead to an altered expression of various genes that are directly or indirectly under the transcriptional control of p53. This results in malfunctioning of DNA damage repair pathways, cell-cycle arrest, chromatin remodeling and apoptosis. Different mutations in TP53 gene have been reported in different ethnic groups and exon 4 and intron 3 are reported to be frequently mutated in breast cancer patients especially triplenegative breast cancer. Increased global burden of TP53 mutated breast tumors has paved the path for various therapies targeting p53/TP53. Numerous molecules including nutilins, MI series, RO5693, PRIMA-1, RITA, etc. have been developed. Majority of these restore p53/TP53 function by targeting negative regulators of p53/TP53, wtp53/TP53 (wild-type) and mtp53/TP53 (mutant). Most of these molecules are in the preclinical phase except for two APR-246 and COTI-2 that have progressed to clinical trials. The current review has been compiled with an aim to give an overview of mutations in p53 across various ethnic groups, the effect of these alterations on TP53 function and the therapeutic strategies developed till date targeting p53/TP53 especially in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Preet Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Kanika Vasudeva
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Anjana Munshi
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India
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Abstract
It is not completely clear whether "the lower, the better" cholesterol hypothesis for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) can be applied to general populations with a low risk of heart disease mortality.We prospectively followed up 503,340 Koreans who participated in routine health checkups during 2002-2003 until 2013 via linkage to national mortality records.Nonlinear associations with total cholesterol (TC) were found: U-curves for overall CVD (I00-I99; nadir at 180-200 mg/dL) and a reverse-L-curve for IHD (I20-I25). Assuming a linear association in the lower range (<200 mg/dL), TC was inversely associated with CVD mortality (HR per 39 mg/dL [1 mmol/L] increase = 0.90). In the upper range (200-349 mg/dL), TC was positively associated with CVD mortality, largely due to IHD (HR = 1.19), especially acute myocardial infarction (HR = 1.23). The associations were generally similar in men versus women and in middle-aged (40-64 years) versus elderly (≥65 years) adults.TC levels of 180-200 mg/dL were associated with the lowest CVD mortality. Below 200 mg/dL, TC had no graded positive associations with IHD mortality. It remains unclear whether the lowest cholesterol levels are associated with the least mortality from CVD and IHD in Korean adults with a low risk of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jee-Jeon Yi
- Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Heechoul Ohrr
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Yi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture is effective for reducing body weight; however, evidence in Asian populations is lacking. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for body weight reduction in Asians. METHODS The Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, and Chinese databases were searched for relevant studies through October 20, 2018. Publications describing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing acupuncture with other treatments for the reduction of body weight were compiled. Reviewers assessed bias and collected data on trial characteristics and outcomes. The study was conducted based on the reporting items of the guidelines for systematic evaluation and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Review Manager 5.2 software was used to calculate weight mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Twelve RCTs involving 1151 subjects were included. Compared with the control groups, the acupuncture groups exhibited significantly greater reductions of body mass index (BMI)(WMD -1.20kg/m2; 95% CI -1.91, -0.48)and waist circumference (WMD -1.85 cm; 95% CI -3.20, -0.49) In the subgroup analyses, significant differences in the reduction of BMI was observed between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups, the acupuncture plus diet and exercise, and the diet and exercise groups, and the acupuncture and no intervention groups, but not between the acupuncture plus exercise and exercise groups [corrected]. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in the intervention of overweight/obesity in Asians; however, compared with exercise alone, acupuncture combined with exercise had no effect on the BMI or waist circumstance in the short term. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in weight reduction in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Yao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhiqiong He
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Control Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Mingmin Xu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yunzhou Shi
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Control Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Liu L, Zhang J, Deapen D, Stern MC, Sipin A, Pandol SJ, Setiawan VW. Differences in Pancreatic Cancer Incidence Rates and Temporal Trends Across Asian Subpopulations in California (1988-2015). Pancreas 2019; 48:931-933. [PMID: 31180980 PMCID: PMC6629494 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ethnic disparities in pancreatic cancer (PanCan) incidence exist, but little is known about incidence trends in heterogeneous Asian Americans. We examined PanCan incidence and temporal patterns among detailed ethnic populations, including Asian American subgroups. METHODS A total of 71,099 invasive exocrine PanCan cases were identified using the California Cancer Registry between 1988 and 2015. Cases were grouped into mutually exclusive groups of non-Hispanic (NH) white, NH black, Hispanic, NH Asian/Pacific Islander (API), and NH American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN). Asians were further identified by specific ethnicity. RESULTS The age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs, per 100,000) of PanCan varied significantly across racial/ethnic groups, ranging from the highest of 10.4 in NH blacks to 7.6 in NH whites, 7.1 in Hispanics, 6.2 in NH APIs, and to the lowest of 5.2 in NH AIAN. Despite the relatively low rate in the NH APIs, the rates across Asian subgroups varied significantly, with rates similar to NH whites in Japanese (8.1) and Koreans (7.5) to the low rate in South Asians (4.4). CONCLUSIONS Significant heterogeneity of PanCan incidence in disaggregated Asian Americans is a novel finding. These results fill a gap regarding PanCan burden in Asian Americans and underscore the importance of disaggregating ethnic populations in cancer research.
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Shi TL, Wu Y, Li Y, Chen ZF, Ma YN, Zhang ZT, Zhang YH, Zhang L. The relevance of MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms with response to male infertility in Asians: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14283. [PMID: 30813130 PMCID: PMC6408114 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although published studies have reported the association between MTHFR C677T (rs 1801133), A1298C (rs 1801131), and MTRR A66G (rs1801394) polymorphisms and male infertility in Asian populations, the results are conflicting. In order to accurately evaluate the relevance, a meta-analysis was performed.We searched for potential studies in 4 databases, containing PubMed, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang database until May 31, 2018. The summarized odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate the relevance in 5 genetic models. The heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias test was performed by Review Manager 5.3 software.Overall, 22 case-control studies with 5049 cases and 4157 controls were included in this meta-analysis, which contained 20 studies of MTHFR C677T polymorphism, 12 studies of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and 4 studies of MTRR A66G polymorphism. The results indicated that MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms were significantly associated with male infertility in Asian populations (Dominant model: MTHFR CC + CT vs TT: OR = 0.60, 95% CI (0.53, 0.67), P <.00001; MTHFR AA + AC vs CC: OR = 0.62, 95% CI (0.49, 0.79), P = .0001; MTRR AA + AG vs GG: OR = 0.60, 95% CI (0.45, 0.81), P = .001. Recessive model: MTHFR CC vs CT + TT: OR = 0.67, 95% CI (0.61, 0.74), P <.00001; MTHFR AA vs AC + CC: OR = 0.79, 95% CI (0.70, 0.88), P <.0001; MTRR AA vs AG + GG: OR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.56, 0.88), P = .002. Heterozygote model: MTHFR CC vs CT: OR = 0.74, 95% CI (0.67, 0.82), P <.00001; MTHFR AA vs AC: OR = 0.83, 95% CI (0.73, 0.93), P = .002; MTRR AA vs AG: OR = 0.76, 95% CI (0.60, 0.92), P = .02. Homozygote model: MTHFR CC vs TT: OR = 0.48, 95% CI (0.41, 0.56), P <.00001; MTHFR AA vs CC: OR = 0.61, 95% CI (0.39, 0.93), P = .02; MTRR AA vs GG: OR = 0.51, 95% CI (0.36, 0.72), P = .0001. Allele model: MTHFR C vs T: OR = 0.70, 95% CI (0.66, 0.75), P <.00001; MTHFR A vsC: OR = 0.82, 95% CI (0.71, 0.95), P = .01; MTRR A vs G: OR = 0.76, 95% CI (0.66, 0.88), P = .00003). Stratified analyses by geographical location and source of controls showed the same results. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the final consequences of this meta-analysis were stable, and the publication biases test had not found obvious asymmetry.This meta-analysis indicates that MTHFR C677T, A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms are the risk factors with susceptibility to male infertility in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Lu Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Taihe County People's Hospital, Taihe
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Yi-Ni Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Zhe-Tao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Yong-Huang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
- Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
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Ding YC, Steele L, Warden C, Wilczynski S, Mortimer J, Yuan Y, Neuhausen SL. Molecular subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer in women of different race and ethnicity. Oncotarget 2019; 10:198-208. [PMID: 30719214 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular subtypes of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are associated with variation in survival and may assist in treatment selection. However, the association of patient race or ethnicity with subtypes of TNBC and clinical outcome has not been addressed. Using nCounter Gene Expression Codesets, we classified TNBCs into subtypes: basal-like immune-activated (BLIA), basal-like immunosuppressed (BLIS), luminal androgen receptor (LAR), and mesenchymal (MES) in 48 Hispanic, 12 African-American, 21 Asian, and 34 White patients. Mean age at diagnosis was significantly associated with subtype, with the youngest mean age (50 years) in MES and the oldest mean age (64 years) in LAR (p < 0.0005). Subtype was significantly associated with tumor grade (p = 0.0012) and positive lymph nodes (p = 0.021), with a marginally significant association of tumor stage (p = 0.076). In multivariate Cox-proportional hazards modeling, BLIS was associated with worst survival and LAR with best survival. Hispanics had a significantly higher proportion of BLIS (53%, p = 0.03), whereas Asians had a lower proportion of BLIS (19%, p = 0.05) and a higher proportion of LAR (38%, p = 0.06) compared to the average proportion across all groups. These differences in proportions of subtype across racial and ethnic groups may explain differences in their outcomes. Determining subtypes of TNBC facilitates understanding of the heterogeneity of the TNBCs and provides a foundation for developing subtype-specific therapies and better predictors of TNBC prognosis for all races and ethnicities.
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Abstract
A number of studies have reported that the interleukin 13 (IL-13) gene is associated with asthma susceptibility. However, the reported relationships between the +2044G/A and +1923C/T polymorphisms and asthma susceptibility are inconsistent, especially in Asian adults and children with atopic status. Meta-analysis was used to analyze combined data.The +2044G/A and +1923C/T polymorphisms were investigated using data from 18 and 11 studies, respectively. The results suggested that there was an association between asthma and the IL-13 +2044G/A polymorphisms: odds ratio (OR) 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.75 for AA versus GG + GA and +1923C/T; OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.26-1.78 for TT versus CC; and OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.21 for TC versus CC. The subgroup meta-analysis demonstrated that IL-13 +2044G/A polymorphisms are associated with asthma: OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.06-2.04 for AA versus GG + GA and +1923C/T; OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.26-2.30 for TT versus CC; and OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03-1.56 for TC versus CC. In particular, IL-13 +2044G/A polymorphisms are specifically associated with Asian ethnicity in both adults and children with atopic status. However, the 1923C/T polymorphisms were not significantly associated with age group or atopic status within the Asian subgroups. Further investigation using larger samples and meta-analysis is required. No publication bias was detected.This meta-analysis indicates that the IL13 +2044G/A and +1923C/T polymorphisms are risk factors for asthma, especially among Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhui Mei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan
| | - Jingjing Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
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Woo BK. Comparison of Mental Health Service Utilization by Asian Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites versus Their Cardiovascular Care Utilization. Cureus 2017; 9:e1595. [PMID: 29062627 PMCID: PMC5650256 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study will determine whether racial/ethnic disparities persist in various psychiatric disorders among Asian Americans. METHODS Secondary analyses of data from the second largest public health system in the US (total N=22294) were performed. Chi-squared statistics were used to compare the race for mental health service utilization for five psychiatric diagnoses. Cardiovascular care utilization by Asian Americans and non-Hispanic whites was used as a proxy for overall healthcare utilization rates between the two racial groups and constituted the expected values for the analysis. RESULTS Asian Americans were less likely to utilize mental health services for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, and intellectual disabilities. CONCLUSION The results of this study call for ways to increase mental health service utilization on par with cardiovascular healthcare utilization among Asian Americans.
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Wall TL, Luczak SE, Hiller-Sturmhöfel S. Biology, Genetics, and Environment: Underlying Factors Influencing Alcohol Metabolism. Alcohol Res 2016; 38:59-68. [PMID: 27163368 PMCID: PMC4872614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene variants encoding several of the alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), are among the largest genetic associations with risk for alcohol dependence. Certain genetic variants (i.e., alleles)--particularly the ADH1B*2, ADH1B*3, ADH1C*1, and ALDH2*2 alleles--have been associated with lower rates of alcohol dependence. These alleles may lead to an accumulation of acetaldehyde during alcohol metabolism, which can result in heightened subjective and objective effects. The prevalence of these alleles differs among ethnic groups; ADH1B*2 is found frequently in northeast Asians and occasionally Caucasians, ADH1B*3 is found predominantly in people of African ancestry, ADH1C*1 varies substantially across populations, and ALDH2*2 is found almost exclusively in northeast Asians. Differences in the prevalence of these alleles may account at least in part for ethnic differences in alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, these alleles do not act in isolation to influence the risk of AUD. For example, the gene effects of ALDH2*2 and ADH1B*2 seem to interact. Moreover, other factors have been found to influence the extent to which these alleles affect a person's alcohol involvement, including developmental stage, individual characteristics (e.g., ethnicity, antisocial behavior, and behavioral undercontrol), and environmental factors (e.g., culture, religion, family environment, and childhood adversity).
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Sentell TL, Ahn HJ, Miyamura J, Juarez DT. Cost Burden of Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes for Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and Whites in Hawai'i. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2015; 26:63-82. [PMID: 25981089 PMCID: PMC4554682 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2015.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We compared the cost burdens of potentially preventable hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease and diabetes for Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and Whites using Hawai'i statewide 2007-2012 inpatient data. The cost burden of the 27,894 preventable hospitalizations over six years (total cost: over $353 million) fell heavily on Native Hawaiians who had the largest proportion (23%) of all preventable hospitalizations and the highest unadjusted average costs (median: $9,117) for these hospitalizations. Diabetes-related amputations (median cost: $20,167) were the most expensive of the seven preventable hospitalization types. After adjusting for other factors (including age, insurance, and hospital), costs for preventable diabetes-related amputations were significantly higher for Native Hawaiians (ratio estimate:1.23; 95%CI:1.05-1.44), Japanese (ratio estimate:1.44; 95%CI:1.20-1.72), and other Pacific Islanders (ratio estimate:1.26; 95%CI:1.04-1.52) compared with Whites. Reducing potentially preventable hospitalizations would not only improve health equity, but could also relieve a large and disproportionate cost burden on some Pacific Islander and Asian American communities.
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Abstract
Systolic hypertension, the predominant form of hypertension in patients aged over 50-60 years, is a growing health issue as the Asian population ages. Elevated systolic blood pressure is mainly caused by arterial stiffening, resulting from age-related vascular changes. Elevated systolic pressure increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, mortality and renal function decline, and this risk may increase at lower systolic pressure levels in Asian than Western subjects. Hence, effective systolic pressure lowering is particularly important in Asians yet blood pressure control remains inadequate despite the availability of numerous antihypertensive medications. Reasons for poor blood pressure control include low awareness of hypertension among health-care professionals and patients, under-treatment, and tolerability problems with antihypertensive drugs. Current antihypertensive treatments also lack effects on the underlying vascular pathology of systolic hypertension, so novel drugs that address the pathophysiology of arterial stiffening are needed for optimal management of systolic hypertension and its cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Bae Park
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ji-Guang Wang
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials, The Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mukhtar NA, Toy BC, Burman BE, Yu A, Chen AH, Berman P, Nguyen T, Chan D, Hammer H, McCulloch CE, Khalili M. Assessment of HBV preventive services in a medically underserved Asian and Pacific Islander population using provider and patient data. J Gen Intern Med 2015; 30:68-74. [PMID: 25324148 PMCID: PMC4284271 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-014-3057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B (HBV) represents a significant health disparity among medically underserved Asian and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (API) populations. Studies evaluating adherence to HBV screening and vaccination guidelines in this population are limited. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate HBV screening and vaccination practices using both provider self-report and patient records. DESIGN Medical records for 20,574 API adults were reviewed retrospectively and primary care providers were surveyed to evaluate rates and adherence to HBV screening and vaccination guidelines. PARTICIPANTS The study included primary care providers and their adult API patients in the San Francisco safety-net healthcare system. MAIN MEASURES Patient, practice, and provider factors, as well as HBV screening and vaccination practices, were assessed using provider survey constructs and patient laboratory and clinical data. Generalized linear mixed models and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with recommended HBV screening and vaccination. KEY RESULTS The mean age of patients was 52 years, and 63.4 % of patients were female. Only 61.5 % underwent HBV testing, and 47.4 % of HBV-susceptible patients were vaccinated. Of 148 (44.8 %) responding providers, most were knowledgeable and had a favorable attitude towards screening, but 43.2 % were unfamiliar with HBV guidelines. HBV screening was positively associated with favorable provider attitude score (OR per unit 1.80, 95 % CI 1.18-2.74) and negatively associated with female patient sex (OR 0.82, 95 % CI 0.73-0.92), a higher number of clinic patients per week (OR per 20 patients 0.46, 95 % CI 0.28-0.76), and provider barrier score (OR per unit 0.45, 95 % CI 0.24-0.87). HBV vaccination was negatively associated with provider barrier score (OR per unit 0.48, 95 % CI 0.25-0.91). CONCLUSIONS Rates of HBV screening and vaccination of API patients in this safety-net system are suboptimal, and provider factors play a significant role. Efforts to cultivate positive attitudes among providers and expand healthcare system resources to reduce provider barriers to HBV care are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar A. Mukhtar
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Brian C. Toy
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Blaire E. Burman
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Albert Yu
- />Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Alice Hm Chen
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Peter Berman
- />Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Tung Nguyen
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Daniel Chan
- />North East Medical Services, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Hali Hammer
- />Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Charles E. McCulloch
- />Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Mandana Khalili
- />Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
- />Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
- />San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, NH-3D, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
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Hines AL, Andrews RM, Moy E, Barrett ML, Coffey RM. Disparities in rates of inpatient mortality and adverse events: race/ethnicity and language as independent contributors. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11:13017-34. [PMID: 25514153 PMCID: PMC4276659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111213017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with limited English proficiency have known limitations accessing health care, but differences in hospital outcomes once access is obtained are unknown. We investigate inpatient mortality rates and obstetric trauma for self-reported speakers of English, Spanish, and languages of Asia and the Pacific Islands (API) and compare quality of care by language with patterns by race/ethnicity. Data were from the United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, 2009 State Inpatient Databases for California. There were 3,757,218 records. Speaking a non-English principal language and having a non-White race/ethnicity did not place patients at higher risk for inpatient mortality; the exception was significantly higher stroke mortality for Japanese-speaking patients. Patients who spoke API languages or had API race/ethnicity had higher risk for obstetric trauma than English-speaking White patients. Spanish-speaking Hispanic patients had more obstetric trauma than English-speaking Hispanic patients. The influence of language on obstetric trauma and the potential effects of interpretation services on inpatient care are discussed. The broader context of policy implications for collection and reporting of language data is also presented. Results from other countries with and without English as a primary language are needed for the broadest interpretation and generalization of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika L Hines
- Truven Health Analytics, 7700 Old Georgetown Road Suite 650, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
| | - Roxanne M Andrews
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Ernest Moy
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 540 Gaither Road, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | | | - Rosanna M Coffey
- Truven Health Analytics, 7700 Old Georgetown Road Suite 650, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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Lakhanpaul M, Bird D, Manikam L, Culley L, Perkins G, Hudson N, Wilson J, Johnson M. A systematic review of explanatory factors of barriers and facilitators to improving asthma management in South Asian children. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:403. [PMID: 24767303 PMCID: PMC4032170 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Asian children with asthma are less likely to receive prescriptions and more likely to suffer uncontrolled symptoms and acute asthma admissions compared with White British children. Understanding barriers are therefore vital in addressing health inequalities. We undertook a systematic review identifying explanatory factors for barriers and facilitators to asthma management in South Asian children. South Asians were defined as individuals of Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi descent. METHODS Data Sources - Medline, HMIC, EMBASE, ASSIA, Web of Science, BNI, CINAHL, PsycINFO, OpenSIGLE, CRD, Scopus, NHS Evidence, Cochrane Library, Campbell Collaboration, RCPCH, ATS, ERS, Asthma UK, Google Scholar & Asthma Guidelines (BTS, GINA, ATS, Monash, NAEPP, Singapore & New Zealand) to August 2013.Inclusion Criteria - Qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods research with primary focus on identifying explanations for barriers and/or facilitators to asthma management in South Asian children aged 0-18 years with diagnosed/suspected asthma and/or carers and/or healthcare professionals.Data Extraction - Three authors independently reviewed, selected & extracted eligible articles with disagreements resolved by research team discussion. RESULTS 15 studies encompassing 25,755 children, 18,483 parents/carers and 239 healthcare professionals were included. Barriers and explanatory factors identified were:1. Lack of asthma knowledge in families and healthcare professionals.2. Under-use of preventer medications.3. Non-acceptance/denial of asthma.4. Over-reliance on Emergency Department management.5. Communication problems.6. Non-adherence to medication.7. Use of complementary therapies.Little facilitators regarding asthma management were identified. CONCLUSIONS Several key issues were identified as likely to be ethnic-specific to South Asian families, rather than a reflection of minority status: impact of parental and professional knowledge and beliefs, health service utilisation pattern explanations and the impact of prejudice and stigmatisation. Other explanations such as language barriers are not strictly ethnic specific but instead reflect a minority position.Further research is required to identify why barriers exist, the mechanisms by which they impact on asthma management and how they can be overcome. Furthermore, understanding the difference between barriers and explanations that are ethnic-specific and those that are related to being a minority will enable the application of generic system-wide interventions where ethnicity is not the issue and ethnically-tailored interventions where needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lakhanpaul
- General and Adolescent Paediatrics Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Deborah Bird
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Logan Manikam
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, 5th Floor, Capital House, 42 Weston Street, Guy’s, London SE1 3QD, UK
| | - Lorraine Culley
- School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Gill Perkins
- Canterbury Christ Church University, North Holmes Road, Canterbury Kent CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Nicky Hudson
- School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Joanne Wilson
- Leicester Children’s Community Services, Bridge Park Plaza, Bridge Park Road, Thurmaston, Leicester LE4 8PQ, UK
| | - Mark Johnson
- Mary Seacole Research Centre, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
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Nguyen AB, Breen N, Clark TT, Moser R. The biracial Asian population in California: an examination of health profiles and chronic conditions. Ethn Dis 2014; 24:481-487. [PMID: 25417433 PMCID: PMC5569383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine health outcomes and chronic conditions for the biracial Asian population in California. We hypothesized that the biracial population will display intermediate (or an average of) outcomes in comparison to their monoracial counterparts. DESIGN The study was cross-sectional. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, multivariable regression models predicted health outcomes (ie, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, disability status, BMI, and general health) and compared health outcomes among various (mono- and bi-) racial and ethnic groups. PARTICIPANTS Data were collected from 238,897 adult (aged ≥ 18 years) respondents after merging iterations of the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) administered in 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007, and 2009. RESULTS Multivariate results revealed that Whites reported better health overall than biracial Asians and other monoracial groups. Biracial Asians displayed BMI ranges that were intermediate between their monoracial constituents. CONCLUSIONS BMI is a more proximal health outcome and is more sensitive to lifestyles and behaviors. As a result, BMI may be a better indicator than chronic diseases in showing that biracial Asians have adopted health behaviors and practices that fall between their mono-racial counterparts. Future epidemiological research should examine the prevalence of more proximal health outcomes among biracial Asians and assess how it differs by developmental age.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing amount of outdoor fitness equipment (OFE) placed in parks in many countries has the intent of encouraging physical activity among aging populations. However, little investigated aspects are the perceptions and experiences of older adults regarding the use of these facilities. Hence, this study seeks senior OFE users' opinions to understand the exact nature of use of these facilities, the perceived health benefits achieved, and equipment's improvements that would further encourage use. METHODS The study conducts semi-structured interviews with 55 senior OFE users at two parks in Taiwan. RESULTS Study results suggest that although OFE use is not the main purpose for which seniors visit parks, most seniors perceive the benefit of using OFE in terms of both physical and psychological health, as well as social connection. Respondents also raised issues related to safety, maintenance, and management of OFE. CONCLUSIONS OFE appears to meet the health needs of seniors, but improved management is necessary to ensure safety. Further research would reveal the actual behavior involving OFE use and use's relationship to the physical activity of seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Wen Chow
- Graduate Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, No1, University Road, East District, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
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Yamaguchi M, Nakao M, Obata H, Ikeda H, Kanda T, Wang Q, Hara Y, Omori H, Ishihara Y. Application of the COOP/WONCA charts to aged patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a comparison between Japanese and Chinese populations. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:754. [PMID: 23945173 PMCID: PMC3765517 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is similar in Japan and China and is increasing due to high rates of smoking in these countries. Reducing COPD is an important public health issue. The goals of this study were to verify the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the COOP/WONCA charts, a tool for measuring health status, and to examine the qualitative differences in health status between Japanese and Chinese patients with COPD and between these patients and healthy subjects. METHODS From 2008 to 2011, we examined the factors affecting the health status of Japanese and Chinese populations living in six cities. Participants were patients with COPD staged according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria (140 Japanese, 201 Chinese) and healthy subjects (243 Japanese, 199 Chinese), all 50 to 79 years old. Health status was measured by using the COOP/WONCA charts, and basic information such as smoking status and medical history was reported by the participants. RESULTS The Japanese and Chinese versions of the COOP/WONCA charts were shown to be reliable and valid by test-retest, comparison with the SF-36 and respiratory symptoms, and correlation of results obtained from patients and their physicians. Stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that "Physical fitness", "Daily activities", and "Social activities" were predicted by COPD status and/or respiratory symptoms; "Feelings" by nationality and respiratory symptoms; "Pain" by sex and respiratory symptoms; and "Overall health" by nationality. When the COOP/WONCA scores were stratified by nationality, age, sex, and COPD status, the difference of each score between the patients and healthy subjects was larger for the Chinese subjects than for the Japanese. The physical, psychosocial activities, and pain scores increased significantly as COPD status worsened in Chinese subjects, whereas these scores were not affected by sex, age, or COPD status for Japanese subjects. Brinkman index and use of smoky fuel indoors affected the COOP/WONCA scores in Chinese patients but not in Japanese patients. CONCLUSIONS The Japanese COOP/WONCA charts are reliable and valid. COPD more severely affected the health status of Chinese participants than of Japanese participants. These results suggest that countermeasures against insufficient health care and smoky environments may improve the health status of Chinese patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Yamaguchi
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Nakao
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hideto Obata
- Yamaguchi-Ken Saiseikai Shimonoseki General Hospital, Yamaguchi 759-6603, Japan
| | - Hideki Ikeda
- Nagasaki Goto Chuoh Hospital, Nagasaki 853-0031, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kanda
- Nagasaki Goto Chuoh Hospital, Nagasaki 853-0031, Japan
| | - Qiao Wang
- Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China
| | - Yoriko Hara
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hisamitsu Omori
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishihara
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
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Abstract
We examined Hmong women and men's knowledge of hepatitis B and their screening and vaccination behavior. In-depth interviews were conducted with Hmong in Oregon aged 18 and older (n=83). Independent samples t-test was used to assess mean differences in knowledge by demographic characteristics. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Most participants had heard of hepatitis B (96.4%). Fifty-three percent of participants had been screened, and half had been vaccinated (50.6%). Transmission knowledge was significantly higher among younger participants, those born in the U.S., and those who reported seeking preventive care. Sequelae knowledge was significantly higher among those who sought preventive care. Transmission and sequelae knowledge were not associated with screening and vaccination. Qualitative data showed that, of those hepatitis B positive participants, most did not have a comprehensive understanding of their illness. Intervention strategies should address knowledge deficits and improve health literacy, especially among Hmong who have hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kue
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Abstract
Chemical peeling is a widely used procedure in the management of acne and acne scars, but there are very few studies on Asian populations who are more prone to develop hyper pigmentation. This article aims to summarize and evaluate the existing studies on the role of chemical peels in the treatment of acne and acne scars among Asians. An online search was conducted to identify prospective studies published in English that evaluated the use of chemical peels in active acne and acne scars in Asian populations. There were six studies for acne and eight studies for acne scars that were identified using our search parameters. Most were single-centre, open label and with small sample sizes. Acne severity was not uniformly reported and the objective outcome measures of some studies were not explicitly reported as well. The general trend of the results of the studies support the safety and efficacy of chemical peels for acne and acne scars including those of darker skin types. The existing studies support the use of chemical peels in the treatment of acne and acne scars in Asians. Further clinical trials with better study design and more subjects are needed to further establish the role of chemical peels in Asian acne patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline B Handog
- Department of Dermatology, Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa, Philippines
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Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Asia is growing at an alarming rate, posing significant clinical and economic risk to health care stakeholders. Commonly, Asian patients with T2D manifest a distinctive combination of characteristics that include earlier disease onset, distinct pathophysiology, syndrome of complications, and shorter life expectancy. Optimizing treatment outcomes for such patients requires a coordinated inclusive care plan and knowledgeable practitioners. Comprehensive management starts with medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in a broader lifestyle modification program. Implementing diabetes-specific MNT in Asia requires high-quality and transparent clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) that are regionally adapted for cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic factors. Respected CPGs for nutrition and diabetes therapy are available from prestigious medical societies. For cost efficiency and effectiveness, health care authorities can select these CPGs for Asian implementation following abridgement and cultural adaptation that includes: defining nutrition therapy in meaningful ways, selecting lower cutoff values for healthy body mass indices and waist circumferences (WCs), identifying the dietary composition of MNT based on regional availability and preference, and expanding nutrition therapy for concomitant hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity, and chronic kidney disease. An international task force of respected health care professionals has contributed to this process. To date, task force members have selected appropriate evidence-based CPGs and simplified them into an algorithm for diabetes-specific nutrition therapy. Following cultural adaptation, Asian and Asian-Indian versions of this algorithmic tool have emerged. The Asian version is presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Yueh Su
- Department of Dietetics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Wo Tsang
- Medical and Geriatric Department, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey I. Mechanick
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Disease, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Wayne H-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Sec.3, Chung-Kang Road, Taichung, 407 Taiwan
| | - Albert Marchetti
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ USA
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Li H, Kilpeläinen TO, Liu C, Zhu J, Liu Y, Hu C, Yang Z, Zhang W, Bao W, Cha S, Wu Y, Yang T, Sekine A, Choi BY, Yajnik CS, Zhou D, Takeuchi F, Yamamoto K, Chan JC, Mani KR, Been LF, Imamura M, Nakashima E, Lee N, Fujisawa T, Karasawa S, Wen W, Joglekar CV, Lu W, Chang Y, Xiang Y, Gao Y, Liu S, Song Y, Kwak SH, Shin HD, Park KS, Fall CHD, Kim JY, Sham PC, Lam KSL, Zheng W, Shu X, Deng H, Ikegami H, Krishnaveni GV, Sanghera DK, Chuang L, Liu L, Hu R, Kim Y, Daimon M, Hotta K, Jia W, Kooner JS, Chambers JC, Chandak GR, Ma RC, Maeda S, Dorajoo R, Yokota M, Takayanagi R, Kato N, Lin X, Loos RJF. Association of genetic variation in FTO with risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes with data from 96,551 East and South Asians. Diabetologia 2012; 55:981-95. [PMID: 22109280 PMCID: PMC3296006 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS FTO harbours the strongest known obesity-susceptibility locus in Europeans. While there is growing evidence for a role for FTO in obesity risk in Asians, its association with type 2 diabetes, independently of BMI, remains inconsistent. To test whether there is an association of the FTO locus with obesity and type 2 diabetes, we conducted a meta-analysis of 32 populations including 96,551 East and South Asians. METHODS All studies published on the association between FTO-rs9939609 (or proxy [r (2) > 0.98]) and BMI, obesity or type 2 diabetes in East or South Asians were invited. Each study group analysed their data according to a standardised analysis plan. Association with type 2 diabetes was also adjusted for BMI. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to pool all effect sizes. RESULTS The FTO-rs9939609 minor allele increased risk of obesity by 1.25-fold/allele (p = 9.0 × 10(-19)), overweight by 1.13-fold/allele (p = 1.0 × 10(-11)) and type 2 diabetes by 1.15-fold/allele (p = 5.5 × 10(-8)). The association with type 2 diabetes was attenuated after adjustment for BMI (OR 1.10-fold/allele, p = 6.6 × 10(-5)). The FTO-rs9939609 minor allele increased BMI by 0.26 kg/m(2) per allele (p = 2.8 × 10(-17)), WHR by 0.003/allele (p = 1.2 × 10(-6)), and body fat percentage by 0.31%/allele (p = 0.0005). Associations were similar using dominant models. While the minor allele is less common in East Asians (12-20%) than South Asians (30-33%), the effect of FTO variation on obesity-related traits and type 2 diabetes was similar in the two populations. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION FTO is associated with increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes, with effect sizes similar in East and South Asians and similar to those observed in Europeans. Furthermore, FTO is also associated with type 2 diabetes independently of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Li
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200031 People’s Republic of China
| | - T. O. Kilpeläinen
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 285, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - C. Liu
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200031 People’s Republic of China
| | - J. Zhu
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200031 People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - C. Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Z. Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology at Fudan University, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - W. Zhang
- Department Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - W. Bao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - S. Cha
- Division of Constitutional Medicine Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Y. Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - T. Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - A. Sekine
- EBM Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - B. Y. Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, HanYang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C. S. Yajnik
- Diabetology Research Centre, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - D. Zhou
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200031 People’s Republic of China
| | - F. Takeuchi
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Yamamoto
- Division of Genome Analysis, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - J. C. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region People’s Republic of China
| | - K. R. Mani
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB-CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - L. F. Been
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - M. Imamura
- Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - E. Nakashima
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N. Lee
- USC Office of Population Studies Foundation, University of San Carlos, Cebu, Philippines
| | - T. Fujisawa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S. Karasawa
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, and Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - W. Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - C. V. Joglekar
- Diabetology Research Centre, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - W. Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Chang
- National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y. Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - S. Liu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Prevention, School of Public Health and David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Y. Song
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - S. H. Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H. D. Shin
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K. S. Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - C. H. D. Fall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, Hampshire UK
| | - J. Y. Kim
- Division of Constitutional Medicine Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - P. C. Sham
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region People’s Republic of China
| | - K. S. L. Lam
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region People’s Republic of China
| | - W. Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - X. Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - H. Deng
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO USA
- Center of Systematic Biomedical Research, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - H. Ikegami
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - G. V. Krishnaveni
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Holdsworth Memorial Hospital, Mysore, India
| | - D. K. Sanghera
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - L. Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L. Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene and MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - R. Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology at Fudan University, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Y. Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - M. Daimon
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, and Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - K. Hotta
- EBM Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - W. Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - J. S. Kooner
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Hammersmith Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J. C. Chambers
- Department Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - G. R. Chandak
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB-CSIR), Hyderabad, India
| | - R. C. Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region People’s Republic of China
| | - S. Maeda
- Laboratory for Endocrinology and Metabolism, RIKEN Center for Genomic Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - R. Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M. Yokota
- Department of Genome Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - R. Takayanagi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N. Kato
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - X. Lin
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 294 Tai-Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200031 People’s Republic of China
| | - R. J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 285, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
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Pan D, Huey SJ, Hernandez D. Culturally adapted versus standard exposure treatment for phobic Asian Americans: Treatment efficacy, moderators, and predictors. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol 2011; 17:11-22. [PMID: 21341893 PMCID: PMC3155978 DOI: 10.1037/a0022534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study is a 6-month follow-up of a randomized pilot evaluation of standard one-session treatment (OST-S) versus culturally adapted OST (OST-CA) with phobic Asian Americans. OST-CA included seven cultural adaptations drawn from prior research with East Asians and Asian Americans. Results from 1-week and 6-month follow-up show that both OST-S and OST-CA were effective at reducing phobic symptoms compared with self-help control. Moreover, OST-CA was superior to OST-S for several outcomes. For catastrophic thinking and general fear, moderator analyses indicated that low-acculturation Asian Americans benefitted more from OST-CA than OST-S, whereas both treatments were equally effective for high-acculturation participants. Although cultural process factors (e.g., facilitating emotional control, exploiting the vertical therapist-client relationship) and working alliance were predictive of positive outcomes, they did not mediate treatment effects. This study offers a potential model for evaluating cultural adaptation effects, as well as the mechanisms that account for such effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pan
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, SGM 501, 3620 S. McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061, USA. or
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Wong MK, Lo AI, Lam B, Lam WK, Ip MS, Ho JC. Erlotinib as salvage treatment after failure to first-line gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 65:1023-8. [PMID: 19680652 PMCID: PMC2946542 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-009-1107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy is the mainstay treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has been recently shown to be effective as a first-line treatment in Asian patients with advanced NSCLC, especially for those with favourable clinical features such as female, non-smoker and adenocarcinoma. However, resistance to gefitinib ensues invariably and there is little evidence as for the effectiveness of subsequent salvage treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of erlotinib, another EGFR-TKI, after failed first-line use of gefitinib. METHOD Retrospective review of NSCLC patients with favourable clinical features who received gefitinib as first-line treatment and subsequent salvage treatment with erlotinib. RESULTS A total of 21 patients with NSCLC were included in the study. Among them, 18 (85.7%) patients had disease control with gefitinib and 12 (57.1%) patients with salvage erlotinib. There was an association between the disease control with gefitinib and erlotinib (p = 0.031). The disease control rate of erlotinib was independent of the chemotherapy use between the two EGFR-TKIs. CONCLUSION For NSCLC patients with favourable clinical features, erlotinib was effective in those who had prior disease control with first-line gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Wong
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alvis I. Lo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Centro Hospital Conde de Sao Januario, Macau, China
| | - Bing Lam
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - W. K. Lam
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mary S. Ip
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - James C. Ho
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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29
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Bastani R, Glenn BA, Taylor VM, Chen MS Jr, Nguyen TT, Stewart SL, Maxwell AE. Integrating theory into community interventions to reduce liver cancer disparities: The Health Behavior Framework. Prev Med 2010; 50:63-7. [PMID: 19716379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2009] [Revised: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitigating the unequal burden of cancer often involves conducting community-based trials to develop effective intervention strategies to promote cancer-related health behaviors. However, this is challenging due to the simultaneous influence of numerous factors, at multiple levels in the socio-ecological context, on health behavior. A sound conceptual framework can bring order to this complex environment and provide a roadmap for systematically addressing the multiple determinants of the behavior in question. This paper describes the application of The Health Behavior Framework, an integrative conceptual model, in an ongoing Program Project, "Liver Cancer Control Interventions for Asian-Americans." The Framework has been integral to shaping all aspects of the three component research trials from selection of the study designs to development of the interventions and data collection instruments. We advocate universal adoption of theory into community-based intervention research as a way to accelerate our ability to develop effective interventions and facilitate synthesis of study results across populations and behavioral outcomes: critical steps in advancing the field of health disparities research.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine differences in screening for routine physical exam and cancers among Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, and Cambodian Americans. METHODS The sample consisted of 2011 participants. Chi square was used to identify relationships between demographic/acculturation factors and screenings. RESULTS Never-screened rates were high for all Asian subgroups. Never-screened rates for mammography ranged from 20.1% to 78.5% for Pap test, 28% to 75.6% for prostate cancer, 56.7% to 97% for colorectal cancer, 65.3% to 94.9%. Koreans had the highest never screened for health checkups (34.7%). CONCLUSIONS Efforts should be made to comply with screening guidelines among Asian Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace X Ma
- Department of Public Health, Center for Asian Health, College of Health Professions, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122-0843, USA.
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31
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Senaratne MP, MacDonald K, De Silva D. Possible ethnic differences in plasma homocysteine levels associated with coronary artery disease between south Asian and east Asian immigrants. Clin Cardiol 2009; 24:730-4. [PMID: 11714131 PMCID: PMC6654872 DOI: 10.1002/clc.4960241108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperhomocysteinemia has been identified as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). South Asians appear to have a high incidence of CAD, while East Asians have a very low incidence. HYPOTHESIS The present study was undertaken because the relative association of plasma homocysteine levels (PH) with CAD in South Asians (SA = Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan) and East Asians (EA = Chinese, Japanese) is not known. METHODS Fasting PH were drawn on all patients with CAD of SA (age 62.4+/-1.1 years, 72 men, 14 women) and EA (age 61.8+/-3.0 years, 13 men, 4 women) descent. These were compared with PH available from Caucasian (CA) patients (age 61.1+/-1.1 years, 89 men, 17 women) with CAD. RESULTS The PH in SA, EA, and CA patients were 11.0+/-0.5, 7.6+/-0.5, and 10.8+/-0.6 micromol/l, respectively (p<0.001 between EA and SA/CA). Percentages of SA, EA, and CA with elevated PH (> 12.0 micromol/l) were 33.7, 5.9, and 28.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the lipid subfractions between the SA and EA group. History of smoking was significantly higher in the EA (52.9 vs. 26.2%), while hypertension and diabetes mellitus had similar prevalences. CONCLUSION Significant differences in PH of SA versus EA patients with CAD exist. The relative contribution of homocysteine in the development of CAD appears to be less in EA immigrants. In contrast, the association between CAD and PH in SA immigrants appears to be similar to that of Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Senaratne
- University of Alberta, Division of Cardiac Sciences, Grey Nuns Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
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32
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Abstract
This study examines the correlates of suicidal ideation, suicide plan and suicide attempt among Asian Americans focusing on nativity and gender. Analyses are performed on data from the National Latino and Asian American Study (N = 2095), the first ever study conducted on the mental health of a national sample of Asian Americans. The sample is comprised of adults with 998 men (47%) and 1,097 (53%) women. Analysis of weighted lifetime prevalence of suicidal behaviors revealed that U.S.-born Asian American women had higher prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide plan than U.S.-born Asian American men and immigrant Asian American men and women. In multivariate analyses controlling for socio-demographic differences such as ethnicity, marital status and income, differences in suicidal behaviors are found only between U.S.-born women and U.S.-born men. The findings demonstrate the need to disaggregate data by immigrant status as well as socio-demographic correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Alfonso Duldulao
- University of Washington School of Social Work, 4101 NE 15th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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Chin JJ, Neilands TB, Weiss L, Mantell JE. Paradigm shifters, professionals, and community sentinels: immigrant community institutions' roles in shaping places and implications for stigmatized public health initiatives. Health Place 2008; 14:866-82. [PMID: 18321761 PMCID: PMC2518453 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 12/13/2007] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immigrant community institutions are strategically positioned to facilitate or impede public health efforts in their neighborhoods and communities because of their influence over discourse regarding values and tradition. Their authority may be particularly relevant when stigmatized or sensitive issues, such as HIV or reproductive health, are addressed. Using qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze data collected from 22 Chinese and South Asian immigrant institutions in New York City, we examine attitudes about HIV, social change and tradition to delineate the different structural roles that Asian immigrant community institutions play in relation to the preservation of traditional values and culture in their neighborhoods and communities. Implications are explored for working with immigrant community institutions to conduct HIV-related work and other stigmatized public health initiatives in immigrant neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Chin
- Department of Urban Affairs and Planning, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Leu J, Yen IH, Gansky SA, Walton E, Adler NE, Takeuchi DT. The association between subjective social status and mental health among Asian immigrants: investigating the influence of age at immigration. Soc Sci Med 2008; 66:1152-64. [PMID: 18191317 PMCID: PMC2810405 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines how age at immigration influences the association between adult subjective social status and mental health outcomes. The age when people immigrate shapes the capacity and efficiency at which they learn and use a new language, the opportunities to meet and socialize with a wide range of people, and respond to healthy or stressful environments. We hypothesize that adult subjective social status will be more predictive of health outcomes among immigrants who arrive in the US in mid- to late-adulthood compared with immigrants who arrive earlier. To investigate this hypothesis, data on immigrants are drawn from the US first national survey of mental health among Asian Americans (N=1451). Logistic regression is used to estimate the relationships between adult subjective social status and mood dysfunction, a composite of anxiety and affective disorder symptoms. As predicted, age at immigration moderated the relationship between adult subjective social status and mood dysfunction. Adult subjective social status was related to health among immigrants arriving when they were 25 years and older, but there was no association between subjective social status and mental health among immigrants arriving before the age of 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janxin Leu
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA.
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Abstract
Recent analyses reported in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) show that among all racial groups in the U.S., Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs) had the only statistically significant increases in HIV/AIDS diagnosis rates in the most recent four-year period. Yet this fact is not noted in the discussion or editorial notes in the MMWR issue where this information is reported. Because HIV rates in API communities are still relatively low, we have a critical opportunity to develop effective prevention programs for API American communities before these alarming indicators translate into markedly higher HIV prevalence in API communities in the U.S., as has occurred in other U.S. communities and in the Asia/Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Chin
- New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Eng MY, Luczak SE, Wall TL. ALDH2, ADH1B, and ADH1C genotypes in Asians: a literature review. Alcohol Res Health 2007; 30:22-7. [PMID: 17718397 PMCID: PMC3860439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Variants of three genes encoding alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene ALDH2 and the alcohol dehydrogenase genes ADH1B and ADH1C, have been associated with reduced rates of alcohol dependence. The genotype prevalence of these genes varies in general samples of different Asian ethnic groups. The ALDH2*2 allele appears to be most prevalent in Chinese-American, Han Chinese and Taiwanese, Japanese, and Korean samples. Much lower rates have been reported in Thais, Filipinos, Indians, and Chinese and Taiwanese aborigines. ADH1B*2 is highly prevalent among Asians, with the exception of Indians. ADH1C*1 also is highly prevalent in Asians, but has only been examined in a few studies of Chinese and Korean samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimy Y Eng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tsironi
- Academic Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - M Browne
- Academic Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - D S Rampton
- Academic Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A B Ballinger
- Academic Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, Barts and the London, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Barts and the London NHS Trust, London, UK
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