1
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Gillon A, Abdelrahman O, Abou‐Mansour E, L'Haridon F, Falquet L, Allard P, Weisskopf L. Comparative genomic and metabolomic study of three Streptomyces sp. differing in biological activity. Microbiologyopen 2023; 12:e1389. [PMID: 38129981 PMCID: PMC10616362 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Streptomyces genus is known to produce many specialized metabolites of value for medicine, but the potential of these metabolites in agronomy remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated three phylogenetically closely related Streptomyces strains (B5, B91, and B135) isolated from three distinct soil samples in Sudan. Despite belonging to the same species, these strains exhibited different ranges of Phytophthora infestans inhibition. The objective of this work was to identify the active compound(s) responsible for the inhibition of P. infestans and of other plant pathogens by comparing the genomes and metabolomes of the three strains which showed distinct activity patterns: B5 was the strongest inhibitor of oomycetes, B5 and B91 both inhibited most fungi and B135 was the only strain showing antibacterial activity. Our comparative genomic and metabolomic analysis identified borrelidin as the bioactive compound underlying B5's strong anti-oomycete activity and highlighted a few other metabolites as putative candidates underlying the strains' antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study illustrates the power of comparative genomics and metabolomics on phylogenetically closely related strains of differing activities to highlight bioactive compounds that could contribute to new sustainable crop protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisson Gillon
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
| | - Ola Abdelrahman
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
- Department of BotanyUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
| | | | | | - Laurent Falquet
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
- Genes and genomesSwiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | | | - Laure Weisskopf
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland
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2
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Shin J, Yang SH, Du YE, Park K, Kim D, Shin D, Kim J, Kim SH, Kim YK, Shin J, Oh DC, Kim Y. Borrelidin from Saltern-Derived Halophilic Nocardiopsis sp. Dissociates Amyloid- β and Tau Fibrils. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:7-13. [PMID: 33681712 PMCID: PMC7903018 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the aggregation of two pathological proteins, amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, leading to neuronal and cognitive dysfunction. Clearance of either Aβ or tau aggregates by immunotherapy has become a potential therapy, as these aggregates are found in the brain ahead of the symptom onset. Given that Aβ and tau independently and cooperatively play critical roles in AD development, AD treatments might require therapeutic approaches to eliminate both aggregates together. Objective: We aimed to discover a chemical drug candidate from natural sources for direct dissociation of both insoluble Aβ and tau aggregates through in vitro assessments. Methods: We isolated four borrelidin chemicals from a saltern-derived halophilic actinomycete strain of rare genus Nocardiopsis and simulated their docking interactions with Aβ fibrils. Then, anti-cytotoxic, anti-Aβ, and anti-tau effects of borrelidins were examined by MTT assays with HT22 hippocampal cell line, thioflavin T assays, and gel electrophoresis. Results: When HT22 cells were exposed to Aβ aggregates, the treatment of borrelidins alleviates the Aβ-induced toxicity. These anti-cytotoxic effects can be derived from the inhibitory functions of borrelidins against the Aβ aggregation as shown in thioflavin T and gel electrophoretic analyses. Among them, especially borrelidin, which exhibits the highest probability of docking, not only dissociates Aβ aggregates but also directly regulates tau aggregation. Conclusion: Borrelidin dissociates insoluble Aβ and tau aggregates together and our findings support the view that it is possible to develop an alternative chemical approach mimicking anti-Aβ or anti-tau immunotherapy for clearance of both aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Shin
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Yang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Eun Du
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunwan Park
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - DaWon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hwan Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YoungSoo Kim
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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3
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Yu M, Li Y, Banakar SP, Liu L, Shao C, Li Z, Wang C. New Metabolites From the Co-culture of Marine-Derived Actinomycete Streptomyces rochei MB037 and Fungus Rhinocladiella similis 35. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:915. [PMID: 31134000 PMCID: PMC6514141 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-culture of different microbes simulating the natural state of microbial community may produce potentially new compounds because of nutrition or space competition. To mine its metabolic potential in depth, co-culture of Streptomyces rochei MB037 with a gorgonian-derived fungus Rhinocladiella similis 35 was carried out to stimulate the production of new metabolites in this study, using pure cultivation as control. Five metabolites were isolated successfully from co-culture broth, including two new fatty acids with rare nitrile group, borrelidins J and K (1 and 2), one chromone derivative as a new natural product, 7-methoxy-2,3-dimethylchromone-4-one (3), together with two known 18-membered macrolides, borrelidin (4) and borrelidin F (5). The structures of 1–3 were elucidated by using a combination of NMR and MS spectroscopy, ester hydrolysis, and optical rotation methods. Interestingly, 1 and 2 were obtained only in co-culture. Though 3 was gained from either co-culture or single culture, its production was increased significantly by co-culture. Compound 1 exhibited significant antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 0.195 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shivakumar P Banakar
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Changlun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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4
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Kim J, Shin D, Kim SH, Park W, Shin Y, Kim WK, Lee SK, Oh KB, Shin J, Oh DC. Borrelidins C-E: New Antibacterial Macrolides from a Saltern-Derived Halophilic Nocardiopsis sp. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15060166. [PMID: 28587270 PMCID: PMC5484116 DOI: 10.3390/md15060166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of a halophilic actinomycete strain belonging to the genus Nocardiopsis inhabiting a hypersaline saltern led to the discovery of new 18-membered macrolides with nitrile functionality, borrelidins C–E (1–3), along with a previously reported borrelidin (4). The planar structures of borrelidins C–E, which are new members of the rare borrelidin class of antibiotics, were elucidated by NMR, mass, IR, and UV spectroscopic analyses. The configurations of borrelidines C–E were determined by the interpretation of ROESY NMR spectra, J-based configuration analysis, a modified Mosher’s method, and CD spectroscopic analysis. Borrelidins C and D displayed inhibitory activity, particularly against the Gram-negative pathogen Salmonella enterica, and moderate cytotoxicity against the SNU638 and K562 carcinoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwoo Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Daniel Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Seong-Hwan Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Wanki Park
- artment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Yoonho Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Won Kyung Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- artment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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5
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Hassan R, Shaaban MI, Abdel Bar FM, El-Mahdy AM, Shokralla S. Quorum Sensing Inhibiting Activity of Streptomyces coelicoflavus Isolated from Soil. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:659. [PMID: 27242690 PMCID: PMC4866617 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) systems communicate bacterial population and stimulate microbial pathogenesis through signaling molecules. Inhibition of QS signals potentially suppresses microbial infections. Antimicrobial properties of Streptomyces have been extensively studied, however, less is known about quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) activities of Streptomyces. This study explored the QSI potential of Streptomyces isolated from soil. Sixty-five bacterial isolates were purified from soil samples with morphological characteristics of Streptomyces. The three isolates: S6, S12, and S17, exhibited QSI effect by screening with the reporter, Chromobacterium violaceum. Isolate S17 was identified as Streptomyces coelicoflavus by sequencing of the hypervariable regions (V1-V6) of 16S rRNA and was assigned gene bank number KJ855087. The QSI effect of the cell-free supernatant of isolate S17 was not abolished by proteinase K indicating the non-enzymatic activity of QSI components of S17. Three major compounds were isolated and identified, using spectroscopic techniques (1D, 2D NMR, and Mass spectrometry), as behenic acid (docosanoic acid), borrelidin, and 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid. 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid inhibited QS and related virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 including; elastase, protease, and pyocyanin without affecting Pseudomonas viability. At the molecular level, 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid suppressed the expression of QS genes (lasI, lasR, lasA, lasB, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA, and pqsR). Moreover, QSI activity of S17 was assessed under different growth conditions and ISP2 medium supplemented with glucose 0.4% w/v and adjusted at pH 7, showed the highest QSI action. In conclusion, 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid, one of the major metabolites of Streptomyces isolate S17, inhibited QS and virulence determinants of P. aeruginosa PAO1. The findings of the study open the scope to exploit the in vivo efficacy of this active molecule as anti-pathogenic and anti-virulence of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan Hassan
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona I. Shaaban
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Fatma M. Abdel Bar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Areej M. El-Mahdy
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Shadi Shokralla
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, GuelphON, Canada
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6
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Abstract
Malaria remains a major global health problem. Parasite resistance to existing drugs makes development of new antimalarials an urgency. The protein synthesis machinery is an excellent target for the development of new anti-infectives, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS) have been validated as antimalarial drug targets. However, avoiding the emergence of drug resistance and improving selectivity to target aaRS in apicomplexan parasites, such as Plasmodium falciparum, remain crucial challenges. Here we discuss such issues using examples of known inhibitors of P. falciparum aaRS, namely halofuginone, cladosporin and borrelidin (inhibitors of ProRS, LysRS and ThrRS, respectively). Encouraging recent results provide useful guidelines to facilitate the development of novel drug candidates which are more potent and selective against these essential enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- a Omnia Molecular S.L. , Barcelona , Spain.,b Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) , Barcelona , Spain
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7
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Sidhu A, Miller JR, Tripathi A, Garshott DM, Brownell AL, Chiego DJ, Arevang C, Zeng Q, Jackson LC, Bechler SA, Callaghan MU, Yoo GH, Sethi S, Lin HS, Callaghan JH, Tamayo-Castillo G, Sherman DH, Kaufman RJ, Fribley AM. Borrelidin Induces the Unfolded Protein Response in Oral Cancer Cells and Chop-Dependent Apoptosis. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:1122-7. [PMID: 26617965 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer affecting the oral cavity, and US clinics will register about 30,000 new patients in 2015. Current treatment modalities include chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, which often result in astonishing disfigurement. Cancers of the head and neck display enhanced levels of glucose-regulated proteins and translation initiation factors associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Previous work demonstrated that chemically enforced UPR could overwhelm these adaptive features and selectively kill malignant cells. The threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThRS) inhibitor borrelidin and two congeners were discovered in a cell-based chemical genomic screen. Borrelidin increased XBP1 splicing and led to accumulation of phosphorylated eIF2α and UPR-associated genes, prior to death in panel of OSCC cells. Murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) null for GCN2 and PERK were less able to accumulate UPR markers and were resistant to borrelidin. This study demonstrates that UPR induction is a feature of ThRS inhibition and adds to a growing body of literature suggesting ThRS inhibitors might selectively target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Sidhu
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Justin R. Miller
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Danielle M. Garshott
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Amy L. Brownell
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Daniel J. Chiego
- Cariology,
Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Carl Arevang
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Leah C. Jackson
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Shelby A. Bechler
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Michael U. Callaghan
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - George H. Yoo
- Department
of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Seema Sethi
- Department
of Pathology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Ho-Sheng Lin
- Department
of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Joseph H. Callaghan
- School of
Business Administration, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Giselle Tamayo-Castillo
- Instituto
Nacional de Biodiversidad, CIPRONA-Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, 3100 Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - David H. Sherman
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Randal J. Kaufman
- Degenerative Disease Research Program,
Center for Cancer Research, Sanford
- Burnham Medical Research Institute, La
Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Andrew M. Fribley
- Carmen
and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Department
of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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8
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Novoa EM, Camacho N, Tor A, Wilkinson B, Moss S, Marín-García P, Azcárate IG, Bautista JM, Mirando AC, Francklyn CS, Varon S, Royo M, Cortés A, Ribas de Pouplana L. Analogs of natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors clear malaria in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E5508-17. [PMID: 25489076 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405994111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains a major global health problem. Emerging resistance to existing antimalarial drugs drives the search for new antimalarials, and protein translation is a promising pathway to target. Here we explore the potential of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) family as a source of antimalarial drug targets. First, a battery of known and novel ARS inhibitors was tested against Plasmodium falciparum cultures, and their activities were compared. Borrelidin, a natural inhibitor of threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS), stands out for its potent antimalarial effect. However, it also inhibits human ThrRS and is highly toxic to human cells. To circumvent this problem, we tested a library of bioengineered and semisynthetic borrelidin analogs for their antimalarial activity and toxicity. We found that some analogs effectively lose their toxicity against human cells while retaining a potent antiparasitic activity both in vitro and in vivo and cleared malaria from Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice, resulting in 100% mice survival rates. Our work identifies borrelidin analogs as potent, selective, and unexplored scaffolds that efficiently clear malaria both in vitro and in vivo.
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9
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Gafiuc D, Weiß M, Mylonas I, Brüning A. Borrelidin has limited anti-cancer effects in bcl-2 overexpressing breast cancer and leukemia cells and reveals toxicity in non-malignant breast epithelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:1109-13. [PMID: 24155182 DOI: 10.1002/jat.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Clinically effective anti-cancer drugs have to tread a narrow line between selective cytotoxicity on tumor cells and tolerable adverse effects against healthy tissues. This causes the failure of many potential cancer drugs in advanced clinical trials, hence signifying the importance of a comprehensive initial estimate of the cytotoxicity of prospective anti-cancer drugs in preclinical studies. In this study, the cytotoxicity of borrelidin, a macrolide antibiotic with a high cytotoxic selectivity for proliferating endothelial cells and leukemia cells, was tested on malignant and non-malignant breast cells. Highly metastatic breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435) showed promising results and exhibited good sensitivity to borrelidin at low nanomolar concentrations, but borrelidin was cytotoxic to a non-malignant breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A) as well. Furthermore, although a high sensitivity of endothelial cells (human umbilical vein endothelial cells; HUVEC) and individual leukemia cell lines (Jurkat and IM9) to borrelidin was confirmed in this study, another leukemia cell line (HL60) and an immortalized endothelial cell line (EA.hy926) displayed a significantly decreased sensitivity. Reduced sensitivity to borrelidin was associated with elevated bcl-2 expression in these cell lines. In conclusion, the results presented show that borrelidin displays high and selective cytotoxicity against subgroups of cancer cells and endothelial cells, but, owing to its non-specific toxicity to non-malignant cells, its clinical application might be restricted because of likely adverse effects and limited efficacy in bcl2-overexpressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gafiuc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Maistrasse 11, 80337, München, Germany
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10
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Azcárate IG, Marín-García P, Camacho N, Pérez-Benavente S, Puyet A, Diez A, Ribas de Pouplana L, Bautista JM. Insights into the preclinical treatment of blood-stage malaria by the antibiotic borrelidin. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 169:645-58. [PMID: 23488671 PMCID: PMC3682711 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood-stage Plasmodium parasites cause morbidity and mortality from malaria. Parasite resistance to drugs makes development of new chemotherapies an urgency. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have been validated as antimalarial drug targets. We explored long-term effects of borrelidin and mupirocin in lethal P. yoelii murine malaria. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Long-term (up to 340 days) immunological responses to borrelidin or mupirocin were measured after an initial 4 day suppressive test. Prophylaxis and cure were evaluated and the inhibitory effect on the parasites analysed. KEY RESULTS Borrelidin protected against lethal malaria at 0.25 mg·kg⁻¹·day⁻¹. Antimalarial activity of borrelidin correlated with accumulation of trophozoites in peripheral blood. All infected mice treated with borrelidin survived and subsequently developed immunity protecting them from re-infection on further challenges, 75 and 340 days after the initial infection. This long-term immunity in borrelidin-treated mice resulted in negligible parasitaemia after re-infections and marked increases in total serum levels of antiparasite IgGs with augmented avidity. Long-term memory IgGs mainly reacted against high and low molecular weight parasite antigens. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that circulating IgGs bound predominantly to late intracellular stage parasites, mainly schizonts. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Low borrelidin doses protected mice from lethal malaria infections and induced protective immune responses after treatment. Development of combination therapies with borrelidin and selective modifications of the borrelidin molecule to specifically inhibit plasmodial threonyl tRNA synthetase should improve therapeutic strategies for malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Azcárate
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IV and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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