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Vidovszky MZ, Böszörményi KP, Surján A, Varga T, Dán Á, Benkő M, Harrach B. First DNA sequence proof for the occurrence of bovine adenovirus types 10 and 11 in continental Europe. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e3479-e3486. [PMID: 36315348 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bovine adenoviruses (BAdV) are known to cause respiratory and/or intestinal disease in calves. Infection can manifest as acute outbreaks, but more often only sporadic cases occur. Here we describe the PCR detection and partial sequence characterization of several BAdVs found in sick or dead calves on different farms in Western Hungary. Intermittent diarrhoeal illnesses occurred after weaning among calves on several farms located up to 40 km apart. A high-sensitivity, broad-spectrum nested PCR, developed for the general detection of adenoviruses, gave positive results in four independent cases. Direct sequencing of PCR products showed clear results from only two samples, whereas sequences from the other two amplicons were mixed. Molecular cloning of these heterogeneous PCR products was performed to separate each DNA fragment therein. By sequencing several plasmid clones from both mixed samples, we were able to detect the simultaneous presence of two different BAdV types, namely types 6 and 10 classified into two separate (Atadenovirus and Mastadenovirus) genera. The sequence of one homogenous sample was identified as being derived also from BAdV-10, whereas the other sample contained a novel type, proposed to be BAdV-11. We demonstrated, for the very first time, the occurrence of the two latter virus types in continental Europe. Their appearance in Hungary marks a significant shift in the types of BAdVs actually circulating in the country. Considering the similarity of the pathological findings to those, attributed to BAdV-10 infections reported to date, the causative role of the viruses in these cases seems to be plausible. Phylogeny reconstruction further confirmed that BAdVs represent multiple genetic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Z Vidovszky
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga P Böszörményi
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - András Surján
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Ádám Dán
- Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary.,DaNAm.Vet.Molbiol, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Benkő
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Molecular and Comparative Virology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
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Kumagai A, Kajikawa S, Miyazaki A, Hatama S. Whole-genome sequencing of live attenuated bovine adenovirus type 7 vaccine strain TS-GT suggests biomarkers for virulence attenuation. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1118-1120. [PMID: 35768217 PMCID: PMC9412064 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine adenovirus type 7 (BAdV-7) is one of the most important respiratory and enteric pathogens in the cattle industry. Although live attenuated vaccines are used to control the virus in Japan, limited information is available on the genomic regions that determine viral pathogenicity. We determined the complete genome sequence of the attenuated BAdV-7 strain TS-GT. The genome is 30,052 bp long and contains 45-bp inverted terminal repeats and 30 predicted genes. A genome sequence comparison showed that 99.9% of the TS-GT genome is identical to the prototypic and pathogenic BAdV-7 strain Fukuroi; however, the TS-GT genome contains a novel mutation and four indels. We describe here potential relationships between these genomic changes and the biological characteristics of BAdV-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Kumagai
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sayo Kajikawa
- Himeji Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ayako Miyazaki
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hatama
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan.,Strategic Planning Headquarters, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
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Khan A, Sayedahmed EE, Singh VK, Mishra A, Dorta-Estremera S, Nookala S, Canaday DH, Chen M, Wang J, Sastry KJ, Mittal SK, Jagannath C. A recombinant bovine adenoviral mucosal vaccine expressing mycobacterial antigen-85B generates robust protection against tuberculosis in mice. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100372. [PMID: 34467249 PMCID: PMC8385328 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the BCG vaccine offers partial protection, tuberculosis remains a leading cause of infectious disease death, killing ∼1.5 million people annually. We developed mucosal vaccines expressing the autophagy-inducing peptide C5 and mycobacterial Ag85B-p25 epitope using replication-defective human adenovirus (HAdv85C5) and bovine adenovirus (BAdv85C5) vectors. BAdv85C5-infected dendritic cells (DCs) expressed a robust transcriptome of genes regulating antigen processing compared to HAdv85C5-infected DCs. BAdv85C5-infected DCs showed enhanced galectin-3/8 and autophagy-dependent in vitro Ag85B-p25 epitope presentation to CD4 T cells. BCG-vaccinated mice were intranasally boosted using HAdv85C5 or BAdv85C5 followed by infection using aerosolized Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). BAdv85C5 protected mice against tuberculosis both as a booster after BCG vaccine (>1.4-log10 reduction in Mtb lung burden) and as a single intranasal dose (>0.5-log10 reduction). Protection was associated with robust CD4 and CD8 effector (TEM), central memory (TCM), and CD103+/CD69+ lung-resident memory (TRM) T cell expansion, revealing BAdv85C5 as a promising mucosal vaccine for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Khan
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute & Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ekramy E. Sayedahmed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Vipul K. Singh
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute & Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute & Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Sita Nookala
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David H. Canaday
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, and Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K. Jagannadha Sastry
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute & Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA
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Stobnicka-Kupiec A, Gołofit-Szymczak M, Górny RL, Cyprowski M. Prevalence of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) and Bovine Adenovirus (BAdV) genomes among air and surface samples in dairy production. J Occup Environ Hyg 2020; 17:312-323. [PMID: 32255403 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2020.1742914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the occurrence of bovine viruses (bovine leukemia virus-BLV and bovine adenovirus-BAdV) at workplaces in traditional dairies and to evaluate the potential role of airborne and surface contamination in spreading of these viruses derived from raw milk. The total amount of 122 samples-including 37 air (bioaerosol), 40 surface, and 45 milk samples-were checked for the presence of BLV and BAdV genomes using RT-qPCR/qPCR method. The study showed that the viruses were present in 7 air (among them 71.4% were BLV-positive and 28.6% were BAdV-positive), 14 surface (among them 85.7% were BLV-positive and 14.3% were BAdV-positive), and 34 milk (all were BLV-positive only) samples. Statistical analysis revealed that both the air and surfaces in studied occupational environment were more frequently contaminated with BLV than with BAdV (Chi-square test: p = 0.002, Fisher's Exact test: p = 0.002). Kruskal-Wallis tests showed significant differences in BLV genome concentrations in the air (p = 0.045) as well as in BLV and BAdV genome concentrations on surfaces (p = 0.005 and p = 0.040, respectively) between studied processing areas. In units of genome copies (gc) per area, the highest concentrations of BLV and BAdV genomes in the air (9.8 × 101 ± 1.14 × 102 gc/m3 and 5.4 × 101 ± 9.1 × 101 gc/m3, respectively) and on surfaces (9.83 × 102 ± 7.41 × 102 gc/100cm2 and 2.30 × 102 ± 3.8 × 102 gc/100cm2, respectively) were observed in milk reception area. The air and surfaces of pre-production zones were also significantly more contaminated with BAdV genomes compared to production areas (Mann-Whitney test: p = 0.039 and p = 0.029, respectively). This study showed that dairy workers may be exposed to bovine viruses through the inhalation of bioaerosols and contact with contaminated surfaces. To reduce the probability of virus transmission from the raw milk to humans, efficient surface cleaning procedures degrading viral particles should be introduced and the use of personal protection equipment, especially within pre-production zones, should be required. As the raw milk may be a source of bovine viruses, the development of strategies for both the control and eradication of BLV and BAdV among cattle seems to be also urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafał L Górny
- Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Cyprowski
- Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Sihvonen L, Tuomi J. A seroepidemiological survey of adenovirus activity (types 1--3) at two Finnish calf rearing farms. Acta Vet Scand 1978; 19:192-203. [PMID: 211837 PMCID: PMC8366382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three series of seroepidemiological studies by microneutralization test on activity by serotypes 1, 2 and 3 of bovine adenovirus were carried out at two calf rearing farms. One farm (A) was operated as a closed, and the other (B) as an open herd. At farm A two serial studies were made, covering periods of six and nine months and including groups of 44 and 41 even-aged bull calves, respectively; at farm Β at each bleeding calves of different selected age groups were included, 36 in all. Maternal antibodies against all three types were common. With few exceptions they had disappeared at the age of five months. At farm B, unexpectedly, in view of the open herd nature, no signs of active infection were revealed during the period of study. At farm A infection by type 3 was judged to be present during both studies, though demonstrably affecting a lesser part of the study population only; infections by types 1 and 2 definitely occurred only during the second study, and then extensively. The titers of type 1 and 2 antibodies were, on the average, higher (with highest titers 1/243 and 1/729, respectively) than those of type 3 (highest titer 1/27). The spread of infection within the groups was relatively slow. A possible causative participation of type 2 virus in a smaller epidemic of mild respiratory and enteric disease at farm A was suggested but not verified by the results. Maternal antibodies did not seem to give effective protection against infection.
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