Temporal analysis of mortality from preventable causes in the first 24 hours of life, 2000-2021

OBJECTIVE

to analyze the temporal pattern and estimate mortality rates in the first 24 hours of life and from preventable causes in the state of Pernambuco from 2000 to 2021.

METHOD

an ecological study, using the quarter as the unit of analysis. The data source was made up of the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. The time series modeling was conducted according to the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model.

RESULTS

14,462 deaths were recorded in the first 24 hours of life, 11,110 (76.8%) of which being preventable. It is observed from the forecasts that the mortality rate in the first 24 hours of life ranged from 3.3 to 2.4 per 1,000 live births, and the mortality rate from preventable causes ranged from 2.3 to 1.8 per 1,000 live births.

CONCLUSION

the prediction suggested progress in reducing mortality in the first 24 hours of life in the state and from preventable causes. The ARIMA models presented satisfactory estimates for mortality rates and preventable causes in the first 24 hours of life.

[Mortality of women with reported violence during pregnancy in Brazil: a case-control study]

This study aimed to characterize the main causes of death of women with notification of interpersonal violence during pregnancy and to identify the factors associated with these deaths. This is a case-control study conducted based on relating data on violence to deaths that occurred in Brazil from 2011 to 2017. Data from the Braziliam Information System for Notificable Diseases and the Brazilian Mortality Information System were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 56.4% of the deaths were due to external causes, and 80.1% of which were due to femicide. The following risk factors associated with death were identified: age group from 30 to 39 years (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.01-6.59); firearm assault (OR = 14.21; 95%CI: 4.58-31.86); and by piercing-cutting objects (OR = 4.45; 95%CI: 1.01-22.73). Being married/in a stable union (OR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.24-0.93); having more than four years of schooling (OR = 0.21; 95%CI: 0.06-0.63); and living in municipalities with a population over 100,000 inhabitants (OR = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.10-0.52) were observed as protective factors. The study was important due to demonstrating the magnitude of femicide among women with notification of violence during pregnancy, as well as the weaknesses in producing information on the external causes of death in the pregnancy-puerperal period. The study also evinced the factors that make women vulnerable to death, reinforcing the urgent need for health professionals to screen for violence during pregnancy.

Continuing bonds in men grieving a loved one

OBJECTIVE

to examine internalized and externalized continuing bonds in men grieving a loved one.

METHOD

a correlational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Convenience sample comprised by 170 mourning men. The variables were mediators of mourning, continuing bonds and sociodemographic data. The instrument used was an online questionnaire comprised by mediators of mourning, a continuing bonds scale and sociodemographic data. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and Spearman's coefficient were used. The significance level adopted was p<0.05.

RESULTS

the participants' mean age was 36.61 years old (SD=13.40), and 80.00% had Higher Education. The mean values corresponding to internalized and externalized continuing bonds were 24.85 (SD=7.93) and 7.68 (SD=2.33), respectively. Significant differences were established referring to internalized and externalized continuing bonds in terms of kinship with the deceased person (p<0.001), and none with the cause of death or with the time elapsed since the event. No significant correlations were defined between internalized/externalized continuing bonds and mediators of mourning.

CONCLUSION

grieving men express internalized and externalized continuing bonds frequently and occasionally, respectively, with differences according to who the deceased person was. The Nursing discipline might devise specific strategies that strengthen coping with grief in this population group. (1) It was usual to continue the bond with the deceased loved one. (2) The expression of internalized continuing bonds was frequent after the death. (3) When facing the loss, there was occasional expression of externalized continuing bonds. (4) There were differences in internalized and externalized continuing bonds according to kinship. (5) There were no associations between continuing bonds and mediators of mourning.

Automated coding and selection of causes of death in Peru: a descriptive study, 2016-2019

MAIN RESULTS

It could be seen good performance of the software for the automatic selection of the underlying cause of death, increasing from 69.6% in 2016 to 78.8% in 2019. There was a correlation between this result and the use of online death certificates by physicians.

IMPLICATIONS FOR SERVICES

Automatic coding and selection of causes of death improve productivity and timeliness of information, contributing to the quality of the country's information system.

PERSPECTIVES

It is necessary to analyze the agreement between the medical terms in the software dictionaries used in South American countries in order to improve standardization and comparability of information on causes of death.

OBJECTIVE

to describe software performance in the automatic selection of the underlying cause of death in Peru, between 2016 and 2019.

METHODS

this was a descriptive study on the software performance in the automated selection of the underlying cause of death over the years (chi-square test for trend) and the correlation between the type of death certificate and software performance (correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination).

RESULTS

a total of 446,217 death certificates were analyzed; the proportion of death certificates with the underlying cause of death increased from 69.6% in 2016 to 78.8% in 2019 (p-value < 0.001); it could be seen a direct linear correlation between electronic death certificates and software performance (correlation coefficient = 0.95; R2 = 0.89).

CONCLUSION

the software showed good performance in the automatic selection of the underlying cause of death, with a significant increase between 2016 and 2019.

Cystic fibrosis-related mortality trends in Brazil for the 1999-2017 period: a multiple-cause-of-death study

OBJECTIVE

To describe causes of death and mortality data related to cystic fibrosis (CF) using a multiple-cause-of-death methodology.

METHODS

Annual mortality data for the 1999-2017 period were extracted from the Brazilian National Ministry of Health Mortality Database. All death certificates in which category E84 (CF) of the ICD-10, was listed as an underlying or associated cause of death were selected. Epidemiological and clinical data were described, and standardized mortality rates were calculated per year and for the 2000-2017 period. A joinpoint regression analysis was performed to detect changes in the mortality rates during the study period.

RESULTS

Overall, 2,854 CF-related deaths were identified during the study period, ranging from 68 in 1999 to 289 in 2017. CF was the underlying cause of death in 83.5% of the death certificates. A continuous upward trend in the death rates was observed, with a significant annual percent change of 6.84% (5.3-8.4%) among males and 7.50% (6.6-8.4%) among females. The median age at death increased from 7.5 years in 1999 to 56.5 years in 2017. Diseases of the respiratory system accounted for 77% of the associated causes in the death certificates that reported CF as the underlying cause of death.

CONCLUSIONS

A significant and continuous increase in CF-related death rates was found in Brazil in the last years, as well as a concurrent increase in the median age at death.