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Rajeswarie RT, Mallik D, Rudrappa S, Gopal S. Cases of Mixed Schwannoma-Meningioma With and Without Neurofibromatosis 2 with Emphasis on Tumorigenesis. Int J Surg Pathol 2024; 32:511-514. [PMID: 37487199 DOI: 10.1177/10668969231188897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent occurrence of schwannoma and meningiomas are rare, and are found especially in association with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Occurrence of mixed tumor without the aforementioned conditions is extremely rare. We present three cases of mixed tumor in different locations, including two with NF2 and one without NF2. We analyse the relationship of mixed tumor with NF2 and its clinical implications. Presence of mixed schwannoma-meningioma should prompt screening for NF2. Thus aids in early diagnosis of unsuspected NF2 cases. We observed that irrespective of different locations, cases with NF2 showed frequent recurrence of schwannoma as compared to case who did not fit in the existing clinical criteria for NF2. Collision tumor and thereby NF2 mutations indicates the prognosis and recurrence of the tumor, thereby guides in deciding the management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dattatraya Mallik
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Neurosurgery, Sakra World Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Satish Rudrappa
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Neurosurgery, Sakra World Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Swaroop Gopal
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Neurosurgery, Sakra World Hospital, Bangalore, India
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2
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Wann JP. Processing of complex traffic scenes for effective steering and collision avoidance: a perspective, from research into human control, on the challenges for sensor-based autonomous vehicles on urban roads. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1347309. [PMID: 38505365 PMCID: PMC10948443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
An overview is provided of behavioral research into human steering and collision avoidance including the processing of optic flow, optical looming and the role of the human mobile gaze system. A consideration is then made of the issues that may occur for autonomous vehicles (AV) when they move from grid-type road networks into complex inner-city streets and interact with human drivers, pedestrians and cyclists. Comparisons between human processing and AV processing of these interactions are made. This raises issues as to whether AV control systems need to mimic human visual processing more closely and highlights the need for AV systems to develop a "theory of road users" that allows attribution of intent to other drivers, cyclists or pedestrians. Guidelines for the development of a "theory of road users" for AVs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Wann
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, United Kingdom
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3
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Poullot E, Milowich D, Lemonnier F, Bisig B, Robe C, Pelletier L, Letourneau A, Dupuy A, Sako N, Ketterer N, Carde P, Dartigues P, Delfau-Larue MH, de Leval L, Gaulard P. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma: A fortuitous collision? Histopathology 2024; 84:556-564. [PMID: 37988271 DOI: 10.1111/his.15083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Follicular helper T-cell (TFH) lymphoma of the angioimmunoblastic-type (AITL), one of the most prevalent T-cell lymphomas, typically encompasses proliferation of high endothelial venules and Epstein-Barr virus-positive immunoblasts, but neither infection with HHV8 nor association with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) have been described. The aims of this study are to characterise the association between AITL and HHV8 infection or KS. METHODS AND RESULTS Three male patients aged 49-76 years, HIV-negative, with concurrent nodal involvement by AITL and KS, were identified from our files and carefully studied. Two patients originated from countries where endemic KS occurs, including one with cutaneous KS. The lymphomas featured abundant vessels, expanded follicular dendritic cells and neoplastic TFH cells [PD1+ (three of three), ICOS+ (three of three), CXCL13+ (three of three), CD10+ (two of three), BCL6 (two of three)] but lacked EBV+ immunoblasts. The foci of KS consisted of subcapsular proliferations of ERG+, CD31+ and/or CD34+ , HHV8+ spindle cells. High-throughput sequencing showed AITL-associated mutations in TET2 (three of three), RHOA (G17V) (three of three) and IDH2 (R172) (two of three), which were absent in the microdissected KS component in two cases. Relapses in two patients consisted of AITL, without evidence of KS. No evidence of HHV8 infection was found in a control group of 23 AITL cases. CONCLUSION Concurrent nodal involvement by AITL and KS is rare and identification of both neoplastic components may pose diagnostic challenges. The question of whether the association between AITL and KS may be fortuitous or could reflect the underlying immune dysfunction in AITL remains open.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Poullot
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Dina Milowich
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Lemonnier
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
- Unité Hémopathies Lymphoïdes, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Bettina Bisig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyrielle Robe
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Laura Pelletier
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Audrey Letourneau
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Dupuy
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Nouhoum Sako
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | | | - Patrice Carde
- Onco-Hématologie, American Hospital of Paris, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
| | - Peggy Dartigues
- Département de Pathologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Delfau-Larue
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
- Département d'Hématologie et Immunologie Biologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Gaulard
- Département de Pathologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERMU955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
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Ciarelli C, Pillan G, Bordignon F, Xiccato G, Birolo M, Trocino A. Space use and navigation ability of hens at housing in the aviary for the laying phase: effect of enrichment with additional perches and genotype. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102962. [PMID: 37683449 PMCID: PMC10498002 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study tested the hypothesis that increased availability of perches could favor the adaptation and navigation ability of pullets of different genotypes at housing in a new aviary system for the laying phase. To this purpose, 900 Lohmann White-LSL and 900 Hy-line Brown were randomly allocated at 17 wk of age in 8 pens of an experimental aviary, according to a bifactorial arrangement with 2 genotypes (Brown vs. White) × 2 types of pens (enriched or not enriched with additional perches besides those of the aviary). Data collected between 17 and 20 wk of age showed that the enrichment with additional perches decreased the use of the aviary perches while the rate of successful landings/take-offs was unaffected. As for the effect of genotype, during the night a lower rate of hens on the floor (0.15 vs. 6.63%) and a higher rate of hens on the additional perches (2.47 vs. 0.98%) was found in White compared to Brown hens (P < 0.001); the former hens also used the third tiers for sleeping on the aviary uppermost perches (P < 0.001). During the day, White hens used more the third tier (32.8 vs. 15.6%; P < 0.001) and the additional perches (3.88 vs. 0.91%; P < 0.01) compared to Brown hens, while they stood less on the floor (18.3 vs. 22.6%; P < 0.05). White hens performed a significantly higher number of landings (80.7 vs. 21.9; P < 0.001) and of take-offs (74.3 vs. 10.0; P < 0.001) per pen compared to Brown hens. The risk of unsuccessful landings was higher in Brown compared to White hens (odd ratio: 6.65; 95% confidence interval: 4.36-10.1; P < 0.001). In conclusion, the enrichment with additional perches played a major role in hen distribution and space use than in their navigation ability. At the same time, the significant differences between the 2 genotypes call for a careful evaluation of the aviary design and animal management to optimize welfare at housing and possibly productive results of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ciarelli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - G Pillan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - F Bordignon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - G Xiccato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - M Birolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - A Trocino
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy; Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
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Lopot F, Tomsovsky L, Marsik F, Masek J, Kubovy P, Jezdik R, Sorfova M, Hajkova B, Hylmarova D, Havlicek M, Stocek O, Doubek M, Tikkanen T, Svoboda M, Jelen K. Pedestrian Safety in Frontal Tram Collision, Part 1: Historical Overview and Experimental-Data-Based Biomechanical Study of Head Clashing in Frontal and Side Impacts. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8819. [PMID: 37960520 PMCID: PMC10648294 DOI: 10.3390/s23218819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This article represents the first paper in a two-part series dealing with safety during tram-pedestrian collisions. This research is dedicated to the safety of trams for pedestrians during collisions and is motivated by the increased number of lethal cases. The first part of this paper includes an overview of tram face development from the earliest designs to the current ones in use and, at the same time, provides a synopsis and explanation of the technical context, including a link to current and forthcoming legislation. The historical design development can be characterised by three steps, from an almost vertical front face, to leaned and pointed shapes, to the current inclined low-edged windshield without a protruding coupler. However, since most major manufacturers now export their products worldwide and customisation is only of a technically insignificant nature, our conclusions are generalisable (supported by the example of Berlin). The most advantageous shape of the tram's front, minimising the effects on pedestrians in all collision phases, has evolved rather spontaneously and was unprompted, and it is now being built into the European Commission regulations. The goal of the second part of this paper is to conduct a series of tram-pedestrian collisions with a focus on the frontal and side impacts using a crash test dummy (anthropomorphic test device-ATD). Four tram types approaching the collision at four different impact speeds (5 km/h, 10 km/h, 15 km/h, and 20 km/h) were used. The primary outcome variable was the resultant head acceleration. The risk and severity of possible head injuries were assessed using the head injury criterion (HIC15) and its linkage to the injury level on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The results showed increasing head impacts with an increasing speed for all tram types and collision scenarios. Higher values of head acceleration were reached during the frontal impact (17-124 g) compared to the side one (2-84 g). The HIC15 values did not exceed the value of 300 for any experimental setting, and the probability of AIS4+ injuries did not exceed 10%. The outcomes of tram-pedestrian collisions can be influenced by the ATD's position and orientation, the impact speed and front-end design of trams, and the site of initial contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Lopot
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
- Department of Designing and Machine Elements, Czech Technical University, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lubos Tomsovsky
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Frantisek Marsik
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
- Institute of Thermomechanics, CAS, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Masek
- VUKV a.s., 158 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.)
| | - Petr Kubovy
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Roman Jezdik
- VUKV a.s., 158 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.)
| | - Monika Sorfova
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Barbora Hajkova
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Dita Hylmarova
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Martin Havlicek
- Department of Designing and Machine Elements, Czech Technical University, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Stocek
- Department of Designing and Machine Elements, Czech Technical University, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Doubek
- Dopravní Podnik Hlavního Města Prahy, 190 22 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | | | - Martin Svoboda
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Pasteurova 3544/1, 400 96 Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Jelen
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Charles University, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic (F.M.)
- Second Faculty of Medicine (2. LF UK), Charles University, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
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Woodhouse LN, Bennett M, Tallent J, Patterson SD, Waldron M. The relationship between physical characteristics and match collision performance among elite international female rugby union players. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:1849-1858. [PMID: 36336974 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2144765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether anthropometric and physical abilities explained variance in match collision performance among international female rugby union players. Physical performance and anthropometric data for fifty-one international female rugby union players, and collision actions categorised as "effort" or "performance" variables, from 20 international matches, were analysed using partial least squares regression. Among forwards, variance in carries/min was explained (R2 = .22) by a combination of; body mass, skinfolds, acceleration momentum and negative associations with mean aerobic speed and single-leg isometric squat relative force (SLISO/kgBM). Variance in collision dominance among forwards was explained (R2 = .21) by lower skinfolds and higher acceleration momentum, while tackles/min (R2 = .19) were explained by greater jumping power and single-leg isometric squat (SLISO). Among backs, variance in tackles/min (R2 = .54) was explained by greater bench press, SLISO and SLISO/kgBM. Variance in collision dominance among backs was explained (R2 = .23) by negative and positive associations with body mass and SLISO/kgBM, respectively. These findings suggest the development of physical characteristics, such as body mass and composition, strength and power contribute towards successful collision actions among international female rugby union players. The contribution of different physical characteristics towards collision events is dependent on position, and whether the collision event is categorised by "performance" or "effort". It is suggested that physical training programmes should reflect this level of specificity.HighlightsAmong elite female rugby union forwards, acceleration momentum, body mass and skinfolds are positively associated with winning collisions and carrying the ball into contact more frequently, whilst tackle frequency is positively associated with relative leg strength and power output.Among elite female backs, the ability to win collisions is positively associated with relative leg power output, and negatively associated with body mass. Tackle frequency is associated with maximum upper- and lower-body strength in this group.Physical characteristics account for some of the variability in collision performance, but interpretation of these findings should consider that factors such as technique during collision events may account for a larger proportion of total variance.Sports science practitioners can improve collision performance, to varying degrees, by enhancing specific gross physical characteristics, according to a player's position and the tactical role they are expected to fulfil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Nicholas Woodhouse
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Sciences, St Mary's University, London, UK
- Rugby Football Union, Rugby House, Twickenham Stadium, London, UK
| | - Mark Bennett
- Applied Sports Technology Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Centre, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Jamie Tallent
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mark Waldron
- Applied Sport, Technology, Exercise and Medicine, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Welsh Institute of Performance Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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Zhang Z, Bercovici D. Generation of a measurable magnetic field in a metal asteroid with a rubble-pile core. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221696120. [PMID: 37523545 PMCID: PMC10410757 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221696120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Paleomagnetic records of iron meteorites of the IVA group suggest that their parent body (an inward-solidified metal asteroid) possessed an internal magnetic field. The origin of this magnetism is enigmatic because inward solidification typically leads to light element release from the top of the liquid, which depresses convection and dynamo activity. Here, we propose a possible scenario to help resolve this paradox. The formation of a metal asteroid must involve a disruptive, mantle-stripping collision and the reaccretion of metal fragments. We hypothesize that a small portion of metal fragments may have substantially cooled before being reaccreted. These fragments could have formed a cold, rubble-pile inner core, which extracted heat from the liquid layer, leading to solidification and light element expulsion at the inner core boundary to power a dynamo. In the portions of the inward-growing crust that cooled below the remanence acquisition temperature, the magnetic field could be recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtian Zhang
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
| | - David Bercovici
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
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Tian Y, Xu L, Qiu S, Zhu R. Simulation of Spatial Distribution of Multi-Size Bubbles in a Slab Continuous-Casting Mold Water Model. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4666. [PMID: 37444976 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a fully coupled large eddy simulation model, including the volume of fluid model, the discrete phase model, the bubble-collision model, and the bubble-breakup model was used to simulate the spatial distribution of multi-size bubbles and its impact on the instantaneous two-phase flow in a slab continuous-casting mold. The influence of the bubble-interaction model on the bubbles' three-dimensional spatial distribution and size distribution, as well as on two-phase flow was discussed. By comparison with the velocity on the meniscus and the average bubble diameter inside a continuous-casting slab water model, the appropriate numerical model was recommended to accurately simulate the two-phase flow and characteristics of discrete bubbles. The submerged entry nozzle and the area around it saw bubble coalescence and breakage more frequently than other areas. The key interaction between the bubbles was their bouncing in the deep region of the mold. In the mold, the average bubble diameter was 0.741 mm, and 44.5% of the total number of bubbles had an approximately average diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Tian
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Continuous Casting Technology, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Continuous Casting Technology, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shengtao Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Continuous Casting Technology, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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9
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Wang L, Watters JW, Ju X, Lu G, Liu S. Head-on and co-directional RNA polymerase collisions orchestrate bidirectional transcription termination. Mol Cell 2023; 83:1153-1164.e4. [PMID: 36917983 PMCID: PMC10081963 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Genomic DNA is a crowded track where motor proteins frequently collide. It remains underexplored whether these collisions carry physiological function. In this work, we develop a single-molecule assay to visualize the trafficking of individual E. coli RNA polymerases (RNAPs) on DNA. Based on transcriptomic data, we hypothesize that RNAP collisions drive bidirectional transcription termination of convergent gene pairs. Single-molecule results show that the head-on collision between two converging RNAPs is necessary to prevent transcriptional readthrough but insufficient to release the RNAPs from the DNA. Remarkably, co-directional collision of a trailing RNAP into the head-on collided complex dramatically increases the termination efficiency. Furthermore, stem-loop structures formed in the nascent RNA are required for collisions to occur at well-defined positions between convergent genes. These findings suggest that physical collisions between RNAPs furnish a mechanism for transcription termination and that programmed genomic conflicts can be exploited to co-regulate the expression of multiple genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - John W Watters
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiangwu Ju
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Genzhe Lu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shixin Liu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Cohen PR, Calame A. Collision tumors are multiple skin neoplasms at one site (MUSK IN A NEST): a new paradigm for their terminology and classification. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e242-e243. [PMID: 35239975 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Cohen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA
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Moon H, Park JH. Electrochemical Analysis of Attoliter Water Droplets in Organic Solutions through Partitioning Equilibrium. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:2157. [PMID: 36850752 PMCID: PMC9959340 DOI: 10.3390/s23042157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the electrochemical monitoring of attoliters of water droplets in an organic medium by the electrolysis of an extracted redox species from the continuous phase upon collisional events on an ultramicroelectrode. To obtain information about a redox-free water droplet in an organic solvent, redox species with certain concentrations need to be contained inside it. The redox species inside the droplet were delivered by a partitioning equilibrium between the organic phase and the water droplets. The mass transfer of the redox species from the surrounding organic phase to the droplet is very fast because of the radial diffusion, which resultantly establishes the equilibrium. Upon the collisional contact between the droplet and the electrode, the extracted redox species in the water droplets were selectively electrolyzed, even though the redox species in the organic continuous phase remained unreacted because of the different solvent environments. The electrolysis of the redox species in the droplets, where the concentration is determined by the equilibrium constant of the redox species in water/oil, can be used to estimate the size of single water droplets in an organic solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Hui Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-261-2287; Fax: +82-43-267-2279
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Hopkinson M, Nicholson G, Rennie G, Sawczuk T, Owen C, Hendricks S, Fitzpatrick A, Naylor A, Robertson C, Jones B. Are rugby league players involved in more tackles than normal, prior to an injury sustained during a tackle event? J Sports Sci 2023; 40:2517-2523. [PMID: 36717777 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2172418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rugby league has a relatively high injury risk, with the tackle having the greatest injury propensity. The number of tackles players engage in, prior to injurious tackles may influence injury risk, which has yet to be investigated. Therefore, this study investigated if rugby league players are involved in more tackles (as either tackler or ball carrier) (i) in the 10 minutes, or (ii) 1-min periods prior to an injurious tackle-event, (iii) differences for ball carriers vs. tacklers, and (iv) forwards vs. backs. Video analysis was utilised to quantify the number and rate of tackles in the 10-min periods prior to 61 tackle-related injuries. One thousand two hundred and eighty 10-min periods where players were not injured, were used as matched-controls. Generalized mixed linear models were used to analyse mean total and rate for tackles. Injured players were involved in significantly fewer tackles during the 10-min period, yet significantly more tackles during the final minute prior to the injurious tackle-event, compared to non-injured players. There were no differences between ball carriers vs. tacklers during the 10-min period. Both injured position groups were involved in significantly more tackles in the final minute. Additional match data sources are needed to further inform injury preventive strategies of tackle events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Hopkinson
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Gareth Nicholson
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Gordon Rennie
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Catapult Sports, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Sawczuk
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Cameron Owen
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Red Hall, Leeds, UK
| | - Sharief Hendricks
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna Fitzpatrick
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Adam Naylor
- Faculty of Health, The University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
| | | | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK.,England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Red Hall, Leeds, UK.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, the University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.,Leeds Rhinos Rugby League club, Leeds, UK
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13
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Nie Y, Zhang G. Research on Terminal Access Performance of Beam-Hopping Satellite in IoT Scenario. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1428. [PMID: 36772468 PMCID: PMC9920733 DOI: 10.3390/s23031428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, low-orbit satellites have become an important development direction in satellite IoT systems. The number of terminals is large and data collisions occur frequently in the low-orbit satellite IoT scenario. How to design a reliable random access protocol to improve the tolerance of the system for collision is one of the research hotspots in this field. In this paper, the random access protocol, used in the Internet of Things (IoT), for low-orbit satellites is studied, and the access process of the IoT terminals in the scenario is constructed. The access performance of the SSA protocol is analyzed and an improved SSA random access strategy, called Retransmission-SSA (R-SSA), is proposed. The simulation results show that the designed R-SSA can effectively tolerate the signal conflicts between terminals in the beam-hopping LEO IoT scenario and improve the probability of the concurrent access of low-orbit sIoT terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Nie
- College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Gengxin Zhang
- School of Communications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Hwang AD, Peli E, Jung JH. Development of Virtual Reality Walking Collision Detection Test on Head-mounted display. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 2023; 12449:124491J. [PMID: 36970501 PMCID: PMC10037228 DOI: 10.1117/12.2647141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Detecting and avoiding collisions during walking is critical for safe mobility. To determine the effectiveness of clinical interventions, a realistic objective outcome measure is needed. A real-world obstacle course with moving hazards has numerous limitations (e.g., safety concerns of physical collision, inability to control events, maintaining event consistency, and event randomization). Virtual reality (VR) platforms may overcome such limitations. We developed a VR walking collision detection test using a standalone head-mounted display (HMD, Meta Quest 2) with the Unity 3D engine to enable subjects' physical walking within a VR environment (i.e., a busy shopping mall). The performance measures focus on the detection and avoidance of potential collisions, where a pedestrian may (or may not) walks toward a collision with the subject, while various non-colliding pedestrians are presented simultaneously. The physical space required for the system was minimized. During the development, we addressed expected and unexpected hurdles, such as mismatch of visual perception of VR space, limited field of view (FOV) afforded by the HMD, design of pedestrian paths, design of the subject task, handling of subject's response (detection or avoidance behavior), use of mixed reality (MR) for walking path calibration. We report the initial implementation of the HMD VR walking collision detection and avoidance scenarios that showed promising potential as clinical outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex D Hwang
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02114
| | - Eli Peli
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02114
| | - Jae-Hyun Jung
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02114
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15
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Arora D, Belsiyal XC, Rawat VS. Coping Strategies Adopted by Motor Vehicle Accident Survivors from a Hilly State of North India. Indian J Psychol Med 2023; 45:59-64. [PMID: 36778616 PMCID: PMC9896113 DOI: 10.1177/02537176221102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dealing with trauma has always been challenging for people from all walks of life. Moreover, traumas like Motor Vehicle Accidents (MVA) are sudden and can be life-threatening, which further raises the concern and thus requires healthy adaptation. Considering the lack of data on the coping strategies of accident survivors in India, this study was undertaken to assess the coping strategies adopted by MVA survivors. METHODS Cross-sectional survey was conducted at tertiary care institution in Uttarakhand (India) during 2019-2020. A total of 250 MVA survivors were selected through total enumerative sampling and assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL)-5), depression (Zung self-rating depression scale), and coping strategies (Brief COPE questionnaire). RESULTS The mean score was highest for emotion-focused coping mechanism (32.84 ± 5.18) and lower for dysfunctional (26.18 ± 10.59) and problem-focused (18.47 ± 3.12) coping mechanisms. Religion (96.87%) and emotional support (87.25%) were among the frequently adopted coping styles, whereas denial and self-blame were the least adopted. A high correlation was found between depression and the three coping mechanisms (r = 0.83 [emotion-focused coping], 0.68 [problem-focused coping], 0.62 [dysfunctional coping]). Among the participants, 133 crossed the threshold for PTSD and/or depression. CONCLUSIONS A commonly adopted coping strategy among MVA survivors is emotion-focused coping mechanism. Religion and emotional support are most prevalent because of family dynamics prevalent in countries like India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Arora
- Dept. of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Xavier C Belsiyal
- Dept. of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vikram Singh Rawat
- Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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16
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Matsunaga-Lee Y, Egami Y, Ukita K, Kawamura A, Nakamura H, Yasumoto K, Tsuda M, Okamoto N, Yano M, Nishino M, Tanouchi J. Long conduction time from the anterior left atrium to coronary sinus during entrainment pacing of a bi-atrial tachycardia: What is the mechanism? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2023; 34:238-240. [PMID: 36349703 DOI: 10.1111/jce.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuyuki Egami
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Ukita
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akito Kawamura
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Koji Yasumoto
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Tsuda
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masamichi Yano
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masami Nishino
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Tanouchi
- Division of Cardiology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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17
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Chen X, Ge H, Yang J, Huang B, Liu H. Primary malignant melanoma of the bladder collides with high-grade non-invasive urothelial papillary carcinoma: A case report. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:451. [PMID: 36420074 PMCID: PMC9647787 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reported a case of primary malignant melanoma of the bladder colliding with high-grade non-invasive urothelial papillary carcinoma with clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical analysis, and reviewed the relevant literature. A 74-year-old male presented with hematuria; B ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a solid mass in the bladder and transurethral resection of the bladder lesion was performed. Microscopically, the tumors were composed of morphologically diverse malignant melanomas (95%) and high-grade non-invasive urothelial papillary carcinoma (5%), with no closely related or transitional regions. Immunohistochemistry indicated that malignant melanoma cells expressed HMB45, Melan-A and S-100, whereas they did not express any epithelial markers. The urothelial carcinomas expressed broad-spectrum cytokeratin and GATA3, and were negative for melanoma markers. The diagnosis of collision tumor between primary malignant melanoma of bladder and high-grade non-invasive urothelial papillary carcinoma depends on clinical and pathological examinations; this pathology is prone to recurrence and metastasis and has a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Ge
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311214, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Bin Huang or Dr Hongsheng Liu, Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, 199 Shixin South Road, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Bin Huang or Dr Hongsheng Liu, Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital in Xiaoshan District, 199 Shixin South Road, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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18
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Rudakemwa H, Kim KJ, Park TE, Son H, Na J, Kwon SJ. Observation and Analysis of Staircase Response of Single Palladium Nanoparticle Collision on Gold Ultramicroelectrodes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12183095. [PMID: 36144883 PMCID: PMC9500959 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Collision (or impact) of single palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on gold (Au), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and platinum (Pt) ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) were investigated via electrocatalytic amplification method. Unlike the blip responses of previous Pd NP collision studies, the staircase current response was obtained with the Au UME. The current response, including collision frequency and peak magnitude, was analyzed depending on the material of the UME and the applied potential. Adsorption factors implying the interaction between the Pd NP and the UMEs are suggested based on the experimental results.
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19
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Hickey IPM, Davey MS, Hurley ET, Gaafar M, Delaney RA, Mullett H. Return to play following open Bankart repair in collision athletes aged 18 years or less. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022; 31:S8-S12. [PMID: 34906680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes, return to play (RTP), and recurrence rates in patients aged 18 years or less who underwent open Bankart repair (OBR) for anterior shoulder instability. METHODS A retrospective review of collision athletes under 18 years old who underwent OBR by 2 surgeons between the years 2010 and 2019 was carried out. An OBR using a subscapularis split was performed in all patients. Recurrent instability, rate of RTP, and time to RTP were recorded. The Shoulder Instability Return to Sport after Injury score, Subjective Shoulder Value score, and visual analog scale scores were also evaluated. RESULTS The study included 34 male collision athletes with a mean age of 16.5 ± 1.3 years (range, 15-18 years). The mean follow-up for patients was 49.5 ± 30.7 months. A total of 30 patients (88.2%) returned to full sport at a mean time of 5.8 ± 2.2 months, with 27 (90%) managing to return at their preinjury level of participation. The mean Subjective Shoulder Value score for patients at the final follow-up was 86.8 ± 17.5, the mean Shoulder Instability Return to Sport after Injury score was 86.3 ± 22.6, and the mean visual analog scale score was 1.6 ± 1.8. Eight patients (23.5%) re-dislocated their shoulder, with 4 of them requiring a further surgery. Two patients (5.8%) reported having incidents of subluxation that did not require reduction. CONCLUSION This study found high rates of patient-reported satisfaction, excellent functional outcomes, and high rates of RTP in the medium term among young collision athletes aged 18 years or less who underwent OBR for anterior shoulder instability. However, there were high rates of recurrence with moderate rates of revision surgical stabilization in the medium term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian P M Hickey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin S Davey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoghan T Hurley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Mohamed Gaafar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruth A Delaney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannan Mullett
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Cruz CA, Sy J, Miles R, Bottoni CR, Min KS. Surgical treatment of anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss with the Latarjet procedure in active-duty military service members. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022; 31:629-633. [PMID: 34537338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The arthroscopic Bankart repair in the setting of glenoid bone loss has high rates of failure. In patients with anterior glenoid bone loss, the Latarjet provides glenohumeral stability through restoration of the glenoid bone, the conjoint tendon acting as a sling on the subscapularis, and anterior capsulolabral repair. Active-duty military personnel are at high risk for glenohumeral instability and have been equated to the contact athlete; most are young, male, and engage in contact sports. The purpose of this study is to assess the return to full-duty rates in active-duty military personnel following the Latarjet for anterior glenohumeral instability with glenoid bone loss. METHODS A retrospective review of all glenohumeral instability procedures were reviewed at a tertiary training hospital from June 2014 to June 2019. The patient population consisted of active-duty military personnel with glenoid bone loss and anterior glenohumeral instability, who were treated with a Latarjet. The primary outcome was return to full-duty status. RESULTS There were 50 patients identified for the study. Four patients were lost to follow-up, leaving 46 of 50 patients (92.0%) eligible for this study. The average age at the time of the index procedure was 23.1 years. The average percentage bone loss was 18.4%. Forty-one patients (89.1%) were able to return to full-duty status. Four patients (8.7%) sustained a recurrent dislocation following the Latarjet; all 4 dislocations occurred during a combat deployment. Four patients (8.7%) reported episodes of subluxation without dislocation. Forty-one patients (89.1%) reported that their shoulders felt stable, and we found an average return to full duty at 5.3 months CONCLUSION: In our active-duty military cohort, we found an 8.7% rate of recurrent instability after a Latarjet procedure, and 41 patients (89.1%) were able to return to full-duty status. In conclusion, the Latarjet procedure in the active-duty military population with anterior glenoid bone loss resulted in a high rate of return to duty, excellent functional outcomes, low rate of recurrent instability, and a low overall complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Cruz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Joshua Sy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Rebecca Miles
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Craig R Bottoni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Kyong S Min
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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21
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Loh F, Mehling N, Hoßfeld T. Towards LoRaWAN without Data Loss: Studying the Performance of Different Channel Access Approaches. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:691. [PMID: 35062651 DOI: 10.3390/s22020691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access protocols. It operates in the license free 868 MHz band and gives everyone the possibility to create their own small sensor networks. The drawback of this technology is often unscheduled or random channel access, which leads to message collisions and potential data loss. For that reason, recent literature studies alternative approaches for LoRaWAN channel access. In this work, state-of-the-art random channel access is compared with alternative approaches from the literature by means of collision probability. Furthermore, a time scheduled channel access methodology is presented to completely avoid collisions in LoRaWAN. For this approach, an exhaustive simulation study was conducted and the performance was evaluated with random access cross-traffic. In a general theoretical analysis the limits of the time scheduled approach are discussed to comply with duty cycle regulations in LoRaWAN.
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22
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Maldonado D, Sturgeon A, Tarbox MB. Basal cell carcinoma arising within a longstanding hemangioma. Proc AMIA Symp 2022; 35:76-77. [PMID: 34970041 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1960132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinomas have been reported to arise within several different tumors. Without careful attention to detail, basal cell carcinomas may go unnoticed when presenting within or directly adjacent to another distinct tumor. The increased use and accessibility of dermoscopy has allowed dermatologists to detect skin cancers that might otherwise be undetected by the naked eye. This case report details a collision, detected by dermoscopy, of a basal cell carcinoma developing within a long-standing hemangioma (cherry angioma) on the left lower eyelid of a 75-year-old man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Maldonado
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Ashley Sturgeon
- Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
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23
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Brabant R, Laurent Y, Jonge Poerink B, Degraer S. The Relation between Migratory Activity of Pipistrellus Bats at Sea and Weather Conditions Offers Possibilities to Reduce Offshore Wind Farm Effects. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3457. [PMID: 34944234 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats undertaking seasonal migration between summer roosts and wintering areas can cross large areas of open sea. Given the known impact of onshore wind turbines on bats, concerns were raised on whether offshore wind farms pose risks to bats. Better comprehension of the phenology and weather conditions of offshore bat migration are considered as research priorities for bat conservation and provide a scientific basis for mitigating the impact of offshore wind turbines on bats. This study investigated the weather conditions linked to the migratory activity of Pipistrellus bats at multiple near- and offshore locations in the Belgian part of the North Sea. We found a positive relationship between migratory activity and ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure and a negative relationship with wind speed. The activity was highest with a wind direction between NE and SE, which may favor offshore migration towards the UK. Further, we found a clear negative relationship between the number of detections and the distance from the coast. At the nearshore survey location, the number of detections was up to 24 times higher compared to the offshore locations. Our results can support mitigation strategies to reduce offshore wind farm effects on bats and offer guidance in the siting process of new offshore wind farms.
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Redman KJ, Wade L, Kelly VG, Connick MJ, Beckman EM. Predicting Rugby League Tackle Outcomes Using Strength and Power Principal Components. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2021;:1-8. [PMID: 34853184 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tackling is a fundamental skill in collision sports such as rugby league. Given the complexity of tackling and multitude of strength and power variables available for analysis, this study aimed to predict tackle outcomes in professional rugby league based on strength and power principal components (PCs). METHODS Twenty-eight rugby league players participated in this study. Maximal strength was assessed via 1 repetition maximum on the back squat, bench press, and bench pull. Lower-body vertical and horizontal power were evaluated using a countermovement jump and standing broad jump. A postmatch analysis of 5 National Rugby League matches was conducted to examine tackling outcomes. PC analysis was performed on the strength and power assessments. The first PCs were retained in each analysis, and a series of Spearman rank-order correlations were conducted between the tackle outcomes and the retained PCs. The PCs significantly related to tackle outcomes were included in the multiple regression analyses to estimate their effect on tackle outcomes. RESULTS Strength PC was a significant predictor of play-the-ball speed in attack, accounting for 54% of the variance. Countermovement jump PC was a significant predictor of postcontact meters, explaining 19% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that a range of tackle outcomes may be predicted from strength and power components. The coaching staff may choose to develop programs and testing designed to focus on these components, which may further develop players' tackle outcomes during competition.
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25
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Ambur AB, Nyckowski T, Marks E, Spanogle J. Collision of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Sebaceous Carcinoma Extirpated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery. Cureus 2021; 13:e18015. [PMID: 34667690 PMCID: PMC8520315 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Collision tumors are neoplasms composed of two or more distinct cellular lineages coexisting at the same anatomic site. Incomplete biopsy, partial pathological slide examination or failure to include this diagnosis into the clinical differential may complicate and delay appropriate therapy. Although collision tumors are well documented, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) occurring with sebaceous carcinoma (SC) has only been reported in a single case report. The aim of the authors is to present a case of collision BCC and SC to highlight a rare clinicopathological case. We also present this case to advise caution to detect mimickers of BCC that warrant greater clinical workup and use this case to emphasize the importance of Mohs micrographic surgery for the treatment of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin B Ambur
- Dermatology, Kansas City University-Graduate Medical Education Consortium/Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Oviedo, USA
| | - Timothy Nyckowski
- Dermatology, Kansas City University-Graduate Medical Education Consortium/Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Oviedo, USA
| | - Etan Marks
- Dermatopathology, Kansas City University-Graduate Medical Education Consortium/Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Oviedo, USA
| | - Joshua Spanogle
- Dermatology, Kansas City University-Graduate Medical Education Consortium/Advanced Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery, Oviedo, USA
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Hudson JF, Phelan MM, Owens DJ, Morton JP, Close GL, Stewart CE. "Fuel for the Damage Induced": Untargeted Metabolomics in Elite Rugby Union Match Play. Metabolites 2021; 11:544. [PMID: 34436485 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic perturbations caused by competitive rugby are not well characterized. Our aim is to utilize untargeted metabolomics to develop appropriate interventions, based on the metabolic fluctuations that occur in response to this collision-based team sport. Seven members of an English Premiership rugby squad consented to provide blood, urine, and saliva samples daily, over a competitive week including gameday (GD), with physical demands and dietary intake also recorded. Sample collection, processing and statistical analysis were performed in accordance with best practice set out by the metabolomics standards initiative employing 700 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were employed to reveal the acute energy needs of this high intensity sport are met via glycolysis, the TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis. The recovery period after cessation of match play and prior to training recommencing sees a re-entry to gluconeogenesis, coupled with markers of oxidative stress, structural protein degradation, and reduced fatty acid metabolism. This novel insight leads us to propose that effective recovery from muscle damaging collisions is dependent upon the availability of glucose. An adjustment in the periodisation of carbohydrate to increase GD+1 provision may prevent the oxidation of amino acids which may also be crucial to allay markers of structural tissue degradation. Should we expand the ‘Fuel for the work required’ paradigm in collision-based team sports to include ‘Fuel for the damage induced’?
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Yao J, Wang B, Hou Y, Huang L. Analysis of Vehicle Collision on an Assembled Anti-Collision Guardrail. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21155152. [PMID: 34372389 PMCID: PMC8348905 DOI: 10.3390/s21155152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Traffic accidents such as vehicle collisions with bridge guardrails occur frequently. These accidents cause damage to the driver and the vehicle as well as the bridge. A new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail is proposed in this study. LS-DYNA is a nonlinear display dynamic analysis software used to evaluate the safety of a new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail. A specific, numerically analyzed model of vehicle–guardrail collision is established using LS-DYNA. The energy distribution–time curve of the vehicle collision process is obtained. After comparison with measured data from the vehicle collision test, the model of vehicle–guardrail collision is verified as being correct. Based on this, we analyze the process of a vehicle collision on the assembled anti-collision guardrail. The result shows that the assembled anti-collision guardrail proposed in this paper can better change the trajectory of a moving vehicle and can prevent the vehicle from falling off the bridge. From the car body collision results, the assembled anti-collision guardrail for bridges proposed in this paper can reduce vehicle damage and can protect the driver effectively. From the analysis of the main girder stress on the bridge, an anti-collision guardrail installed on an existing bridge will not cause damage to the main girder during a collision. In order to study the influence of the four parameters on the anti-collision effect, we carried out a comparative calculation of multiple working conditions. The results show that the new type of assembled anti-collision guardrail has good protective performance under different working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Yao
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yujie Hou
- School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (J.Y.); (B.W.); (Y.H.)
| | - Liang Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence:
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DeLucia PR, Braly AM, Savoy BR. Does the Size-Arrival Effect Occur With an Active Collision-Avoidance Task in an Immersive 3D Virtual Reality Environment? Hum Factors 2021:187208211031043. [PMID: 34292056 DOI: 10.1177/00187208211031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether the size-arrival effect (SAE) occurs with immersive, 3D visual experiences and active collision-avoidance responses. BACKGROUND When a small near object and a large far object approach the observer at the same speeds, the large object appears to arrive before the small object, known as the size-arrival effect (SAE), which may contribute to crashes between motorcycles and cars. Prior studies of the SAE were limited because they used two dimensional displays and asked participants to make passive judgments. METHOD Participants viewed approaching objects using a virtual reality (VR) headset. In an active task, participants ducked before the object hit them. In a passive prediction-motion (PM) judgment, the approaching object disappeared, and participants pressed a button when they thought the object would hit them. In a passive relative TTC judgment, participants reported which of two approaching objects would reach them first. RESULTS The SAE occurred with the PM and relative TTC tasks but not with the ducking task. The SAE can occur in immersive 3D environments but is limited by the nature of the task and display. APPLICATION Certain traffic situations may be more prone to the SAE and have higher risk for collisions. For example, in left-turn scenarios (e.g., see Levulis, 2018), drivers make passive judgments when oncoming vehicles are far and optical expansion is slow, and binocular disparity putatively is ineffective. Collision-avoidance warning systems may be needed more in such scenarios than when vehicles are near and drivers' judgments of TTC may be more accurate (DeLucia, 2008).
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Alkhaibary A, Alshalawi A, Althaqafi RMM, Alghuraybi AA, Basalamah A, Shammaa AM, Altalhy AA, Abdelrahman TM. Traumatic Brain Injury: A Perspective on the Silent Epidemic. Cureus 2021; 13:e15318. [PMID: 34221767 PMCID: PMC8238020 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological data regarding the causes, patterns, severity, and outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are essential to plan for preventive strategies addressing this public health epidemic. The main aim of this study is to explore the patterns and causes of traumatic brain injury at two trauma centers. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a pre-tested validated data collection sheet. Data were collected from the medical records and electronic database of patients who presented to the emergency department with head trauma. Variables including the mechanisms, patterns of the injury, accompanying injuries, level of consciousness, and hospitalization duration were investigated for any possible association. Results: A total of 269 patients (78% males, 22% females) who satisfied our study criteria were included in the final analysis. Motor vehicle collisions were the most common reason for traumatic brain injury (57.6%) followed by falls (28.3%). There was a statistically significant association observed between type of hemorrhage and Glasgow coma scale at initial presentation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The most common cause of traumatic brain injury is motor vehicle collisions, followed by falls. The public should be made aware of the importance of using safety and precautionary measures to minimize the impact of traumatic brain injuries. Educational programs for neurotrauma prevention can be developed and utilized as a blueprint for local hospitals and officials in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alkhaibary
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU.,Neurosurgery, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, SAU.,College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Ali Basalamah
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Saud University Medical City/King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ahmed M Shammaa
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, POL
| | - Ali A Altalhy
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, SAU
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Bleau M, Paré S, Djerourou I, Chebat DR, Kupers R, Ptito M. Blindness and the Reliability of Downwards Sensors to Avoid Obstacles: A Study with the EyeCane. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:2700. [PMID: 33921202 DOI: 10.3390/s21082700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vision loss has dramatic repercussions on the quality of life of affected people, particularly with respect to their orientation and mobility. Many devices are available to help blind people to navigate in their environment. The EyeCane is a recently developed electronic travel aid (ETA) that is inexpensive and easy to use, allowing for the detection of obstacles lying ahead within a 2 m range. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of the EyeCane as a primary aid for spatial navigation. Three groups of participants were recruited: early blind, late blind, and sighted. They were first trained with the EyeCane and then tested in a life-size obstacle course with four obstacles types: cube, door, post, and step. Subjects were requested to cross the corridor while detecting, identifying, and avoiding the obstacles. Each participant had to perform 12 runs with 12 different obstacles configurations. All participants were able to learn quickly to use the EyeCane and successfully complete all trials. Amongst the various obstacles, the step appeared to prove the hardest to detect and resulted in more collisions. Although the EyeCane was effective for detecting obstacles lying ahead, its downward sensor did not reliably detect those on the ground, rendering downward obstacles more hazardous for navigation.
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Villani M, Albareda G, Destefani C, Cartoixà X, Oriols X. Scattering in Terms of Bohmian Conditional Wave Functions for Scenarios with Non-Commuting Energy and Momentum Operators. Entropy (Basel) 2021; 23:e23040408. [PMID: 33808161 PMCID: PMC8065387 DOI: 10.3390/e23040408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Without access to the full quantum state, modeling quantum transport in mesoscopic systems requires dealing with a limited number of degrees of freedom. In this work, we analyze the possibility of modeling the perturbation induced by non-simulated degrees of freedom on the simulated ones as a transition between single-particle pure states. First, we show that Bohmian conditional wave functions (BCWFs) allow for a rigorous discussion of the dynamics of electrons inside open quantum systems in terms of single-particle time-dependent pure states, either under Markovian or non-Markovian conditions. Second, we discuss the practical application of the method for modeling light–matter interaction phenomena in a resonant tunneling device, where a single photon interacts with a single electron. Third, we emphasize the importance of interpreting such a scattering mechanism as a transition between initial and final single-particle BCWF with well-defined central energies (rather than with well-defined central momenta).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Villani
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (C.D.); (X.C.)
| | - Guillermo Albareda
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany;
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes 585, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Destefani
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (C.D.); (X.C.)
| | - Xavier Cartoixà
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (C.D.); (X.C.)
| | - Xavier Oriols
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; (M.V.); (C.D.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Polymer graftings (PGs) are widely employed in antifouling surfaces and drug delivery systems to regulate the interaction with a foreign environment. Through molecular dynamics simulations and scaling theory analysis, we investigate the physical antifouling properties of PGs via their collision behaviors. Compared with mushroom-like PGs with low grafting density, we find brush-like PGs with high grafting density could generate large deformation-induced entropic repulsive force during a collision, revealing a microscopic mechanism for the hop motions of polymer-grafted nanoparticles for drug delivery observed in experiment. In addition, the collision elasticity of PGs is found to decay with the collision velocity by a power law, i.e., a concise dynamic scaling despite the complex process involved, which is beyond expectation. These results elucidate the dynamic interacting mechanism of PGs, which are of immediate interest for a fundamental understanding of the antifouling performance of PGs and the rational design of PG-coated nanoparticles in nanomedicine for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jia Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 11 ZhongGuanCun BeiYiTiao, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang YJ, Yao JS, Lai F, Cheng JCH. CT-Based Collision Prediction Software for External-Beam Radiation Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:617007. [PMID: 33777756 PMCID: PMC7991715 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.617007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Beam angle optimization is a critical issue for modern radiotherapy (RT) and is a challenging task, especially for large body sizes and noncoplanar designs. Noncoplanar RT techniques may have dosimetric advantages but increase the risk of mechanical collision. We propose a software solution to accurately predict colliding/noncolliding configurations for coplanar and noncoplanar beams. Materials and Methods Individualized software models for two different linear accelerators were built to simulate noncolliding gantry orientations for phantom/patient subjects. The sizes and shapes of the accelerators were delineated based on their manuals and on-site measurements. The external surfaces of the subjects were automatically contoured based on computed tomography (CT) simulations. An Alderson Radiation Therapy phantom was used to predict the accuracy of spatial collision prediction by the software. A gantry collision problem encountered by one patient during initial setup was also used to test the validity of the software. Results: In the comparison between the software estimates and on-site measurements, the noncoplanar collision angles were all predicted within a 5-degree difference in gantry position. The confusion matrix was calculated for each of the two empty accelerator models, and the accuracies were 98.7% and 97.3%. The true positive rates were 97.7% and 96.9%, while the true negative rates were 99.8% and 97.9%, respectively. For the phantom study, the collision angles were predicted within a 5-degree difference. The software successfully predicted the collision problem encountered by the breast cancer patient in the initial setup position and generated shifted coordinates that were validated to correspond to a noncolliding geometry. Conclusion The developed software effectively and accurately predicted collisions for accelerator-only, phantom, and patient setups. This software may help prevent collisions and expand the range of spatially applicable beam angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sheng Yao
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feipei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jason Chia-Hsien Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Departments of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institutes of Oncology, Taipei, Taiwan.,Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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McMahon JJ, Lake JP, Ripley NJ, Comfort P. Vertical Jump Testing in Rugby League: A Rationale for Calculating Take-Off Momentum. J Appl Biomech 2020; 36:370-374. [PMID: 32796137 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2020-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of calculating jump take-off momentum in rugby league (RL) by exploring its relationship with sprint momentum, due to the latter being an important attribute of this sport. Twenty-five male RL players performed 3 maximal-effort countermovement jumps on a force platform and 3 maximal effort 20-m sprints (with split times recorded). Jump take-off momentum and sprint momentum (between 0 and 5, 5 and 10, and 10 and 20 m) were calculated (mass multiplied by velocity) and their relationship determined. There was a very large positive relationship between both jump take-off and 0- to 5-m sprint momentum (r = .781, P < .001) and jump take-off and 5- to 10-m sprint momentum (r = .878, P < .001). There was a nearly perfect positive relationship between jump take-off and 10- to 20-m sprint momentum (r = .920, P < .001). Jump take-off and sprint momentum demonstrated good-excellent reliability and very large-nearly perfect associations (61%-85% common variance) in an RL cohort, enabling prediction equations to be created. Thus, it may be practically useful to calculate jump take-off momentum as part of routine countermovement jump testing of RL players and other collision-sport athletes to enable the indirect monitoring of sprint momentum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Comfort
- University of Salford
- Leeds Beckett University
- Edith Cowan University
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Gervasi M, Gobbi E, Natalucci V, Amatori S, Perroni F. Descriptive Kinematic Analysis of the Potentially Tragic Accident at the 2020 Austrian MotoGP Grand Prix Using Low-Cost Instruments: A Brief Report. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17217989. [PMID: 33143161 PMCID: PMC7672617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the first Austrian MotoGP Grand Prix of 2020, following a serious accident involving the riders J. Zarco and F. Morbidelli, Morbidelli's riderless bike cartwheeled across turn 3, narrowly missing V. Rossi and M. Viñales by just a few centimeters. As is the case with ordinary traffic accidents, analyzing the dynamics of motorcycle racing accidents can help improve safety; however, to date, the literature lacks studies that analyze the causes and severity of such accidents. Hence, the purpose of this study was to analyze the main causes that led to the accident at the 2020 Austrian MotoGp Grand Prix, to quantify the speeds and distances of the bikes and riders involved, and to hypothesize several alternative scenarios using a low-cost method. METHOD Kinovea and Google Earth Pro software were used to identify markers along the racetrack and to measure the distances and calculate the time it took the motorcycles to cover those distances. The analyses were carried out on three 30-fps (frames per second) videos. RESULTS Zarco's average speed as he was overtaking Morbidelli on the straightaway before turn 2 was 302 ± 1.8 km/h, higher than that of Rins and Rossi (299.7 ± 1.7 and 296 ± 1.7 km/h, respectively). The speed of Zarco and Rossi's bikes 44.5 m before the crash was the same (267 ± 7.9 km/h). Immediately after overtaking Morbidelli, Zarco moved 2.92 m towards the center of the racetrack from point A to B, crossing Morbidelli's trajectory and triggering the accident. Morbidelli's riderless bike flew across turn 3 at a speed of about 76 km/h, missing V. Rossi by just 20 cm. The consequences could have been catastrophic if Rossi had not braked just 0.42 s before encountering Morbidelli's bike in turn 3. CONCLUSION Through a low-cost quali-quantitative analysis, the present study helps us to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the accident and its main causes. Furthermore, in light of our findings regarding the dynamics and severity of the accident and the particular layout of the Red Bull Ring circuit, racers should be aware that overtaking at the end of turn 2, following the same trajectory as the riders involved in the crash, could be very risky.
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Griffin RL, Carroll S, Jansen JO. Automatic collision notification availability and emergency response times following vehicle collision-an analysis of the 2017 crash investigation sampling system. Traffic Inj Prev 2020; 21:S135-S139. [PMID: 33040588 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2020.1817418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether occupants of collisions involving at least one vehicle with an available Automatic Collision Notification (ACN) system have quicker times from collision to 1) Emergency Medical Services (EMS) notification and 2) arrival to a medical center. METHODS Using data from the 2017 Crash Investigation Sampling System, vehicles were categorized as whether ACN was available using data from the CISS's dataset of crash avoidance system availability (in which ACN is included though notably not a crash avoidance system). A Cox proportional hazards model-overall and stratified by urbanization-was used to compare the time from collision to both EMS notification and EMS arrival to a medical center. RESULTS A total of 2,034 collisions (weight n: 2,775,512) involving 4235 occupants (weighted n: 4,987,669) were included. An estimated 259,021 (9.3%) and 546,223 occupants (11.0%) were in a collision in which one vehicle had ACN equipped. The median time to EMS notification was longer for collisions in which no involved vehicles had ACN available (median 4, IQR 2-9 minutes) than ACN-exposed collisions (median 2, IQR 1-5 minutes). There was a marginally significant higher hazard (i.e., instantaneous risk) of EMS notification for collisions with at least one vehicle having ACN available (HR 1.77, 95% CI 0.99-3.15). Likewise, there was a higher instantaneous risk of medical center arrival for occupants (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.41-2.30) involved in collisions in which at least one vehicle had ACN available. ACN was associated with quicker EMS notification only in urban areas (HR 3.06, 95% CI 1.57-5.97) and associated with a greater reduction in time to medical facility in less urban areas (median 36 vs 45 minutes, HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.22-3.63). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to directly compare EMS response-related times between collisions involving vehicles with and without ACN available. The current data corroborate prior literature reporting quicker EMS notification times among collisions involving ACN-equipped vehicles. This is the first study to find that ACN is also associated to quicker times to medical center arrival, particularly for collisions occurring in less urban areas. Future research examining whether these decreased times are associated with better clinical outcomes are needed in order to fully assess ACN's ability to prevent trauma-related mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell L Griffin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Shannon Carroll
- Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jan O Jansen
- Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Cohen PR, Calame A. Multiple Skin Neoplasms at One Site (MUSK IN A NEST): A Comprehensive Review of Basal Cell Carcinoma and Benign or Malignant " Collision" Tumors at the Same Cutaneous Location. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:731-741. [PMID: 33061513 PMCID: PMC7532883 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s259324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple skin neoplasms at one site (MUSK IN A NEST), initially referred to as a collision tumor, describes the occurrence of two or more benign or malignant neoplasms that are adjacent or intermingled at the same cutaneous site. A mononeoplastic cutaneous tumor refers to a single tumor at any cutaneous site. Two, three, four, five, and six tumors at the same site are described as dineoplastic, trineoplastic, tetraneoplastic, pentaneoplastic, and hexaneoplastic cutaneous tumors, respectively; the prefixes are based on the numerical multiplier used by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). MUSK IN A NEST can be classified based upon their mechanism of pathogenesis-either being composed of mixed clones of cells (clonalium, which has three subtypes: collision, colonization, and combination) or the same clone of cells that has undergone clonal evolution (clonalidem, which has one subtype: biphenotypic). Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)-associated MUSK IN A NEST can be observed with either benign tumors, malignant tumors, or both. Nevi and seborrheic keratoses are the most common benign tumors associated with BCC; melanoma in situ and invasive melanoma are the most commonly reported malignant tumors associated with BCC. The definitive etiology of BCC-associated MUSK IN A NEST remains to be established-whether the development of the BCC at that site occurs as a direct or indirect consequence of the coexisting neoplasm or whether the occurrence of the BCC and the other neoplasm is merely the result of a coincidental juxtaposition of the tumors.
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Simms CL, Yan LL, Qiu JK, Zaher HS. Ribosome Collisions Result in +1 Frameshifting in the Absence of No-Go Decay. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1679-1689.e4. [PMID: 31412239 PMCID: PMC6701860 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
During translation, an mRNA is typically occupied by multiple ribosomes sparsely distributed across the coding sequence. This distribution, mediated by slow rates of initiation relative to elongation, ensures that they rarely collide with each other, but given the stochastic nature of protein synthesis, collision events do occur. Recent work from our lab suggested that collisions signal for mRNA degradation through no-go decay (NGD). We have explored the impact of stalling on ribosome function when NGD is compromised and found it to result in +1 frameshifting. We used reporters that limit the number of ribosomes on a transcript to show that +1 frameshifting is induced through ribosome collision in yeast and bacteria. Furthermore, we observe a positive correlation between ribosome density and frameshifting efficiency. It is thus tempting to speculate that NGD, in addition to its role in mRNA quality control, evolved to cope with stochastic collision events to prevent deleterious frameshifting events. Ribosome collisions, resulting from stalling, activate quality control processes to degrade the aberrant mRNA and the incomplete peptide. mRNA degradation proceeds through an endonucleolytic cleavage between the stacked ribosomes, which resolves the collisions. Simms et al. show that, when cleavage is inhibited, colliding ribosomes move out of frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L Simms
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Liewei L Yan
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jessica K Qiu
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Hani S Zaher
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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Abstract
Developing new methods and techniques for the size analysis of particles in a solution is highly desirable not only for the industrial screening of particles but also for single biological entity analysis (e.g., single cells or single vesicles). Herein, we report a new technique for sizing single particles in a solution with a nanopipette. The rationale is essentially based on ion-current blockage when the particles approach the proximity of a nanopipette orifice. By rationally controlling the geometry of the nanopipette and the applied potential, the spike-type ion current transient generated from the motion of particles in the process of "collision and departure" is employed for sizing single particles. The results show that both the relative ion-current change (ΔI/I0) and the dwell time (Δt) of spike-type transient are dependent on particle size. Differently, Δt is also related to an externally applied voltage. Statistical analysis shows that ΔI/I0 is proportional to the particle diameter, and this linear relationship is further understood by finite-element simulations. This study not only provides a new principle for sizing single particles in a solution but also is helpful to understand the motion of a particle near the orifice of the nanopipette.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tienan Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xuwei Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Moore LJ, Petrovan SO, Baker PJ, Bates AJ, Hicks HL, Perkins SE, Yarnell RW. Impacts and Potential Mitigation of Road Mortality for Hedgehogs in Europe. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1523. [PMID: 32872180 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport infrastructure is a pervasive element in modern landscapes and continues to expand to meet the demands of a growing human population and its associated resource consumption. Road-induced mortality is often thought to be a major contributor to the marked declines of European hedgehog populations. This review synthesizes available evidence on the population-level impacts of road mortality and the threat to population viability for the five hedgehog species in Europe. Local and national studies suggest that road mortality can cause significant depletions in population sizes, predominantly removing adult males. Traffic collisions are a probable cause of fragmentation effects, subsequently undermining ecological processes such as dispersal, as well as the genetic variance and fitness of isolated populations. Further studies are necessary to improve population estimates and explicitly examine the consequences of sex- and age-specific mortality rates. Hedgehogs have been reported to use crossing structures, such as road tunnels, yet evaluations of mitigation measures for population survival probability are largely absent. This highlights the need for robust studies that consider population dynamics and genetics in response to mitigation. In light of ongoing declines of hedgehog populations, it is paramount that applied research is prioritised and integrated into a holistic spatial planning process.
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Pullin AN, Temple SM, Bennett DC, Rufener CB, Blatchford RA, Makagon MM. Pullet Rearing Affects Collisions and Perch Use in Enriched Colony Cage Layer Housing. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081269. [PMID: 32722379 PMCID: PMC7459506 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Early-life experiences for laying hens occur in the pullet rearing environment. Hens reared in aviaries use vertical space more than hens reared in non-enriched cages, but this effect has only been studied up to 23 weeks of age. Additionally, hens reared in aviaries sustain fewer keel bone fractures than those reared in non-enriched cages through the age of 73 weeks. Fractures are associated with hens having collisions with structures in their environment, but the long-term effect of rearing on collisions is not known. Lohmann LSL-Lite hens were reared in either aviaries or non-enriched cages until 19 weeks of age, then moved into enriched colony cages. Video recordings at 21, 35, and 49 weeks of age were used to identify behaviors associated with acceleration events for hens fitted with tri-axial accelerometers, as well as the proportion of birds utilizing elevated perches at two different heights. Our results indicate that hens reared in non-enriched cages experience more collisions than aviary-reared hens. Aviary-reared hens also prefer to utilize a higher perch than the cage-reared hens. These results suggest that rearing has long-term effects on space use and the ease with which hens transition among vertical spaces. Abstract Hens reared in aviaries (AVI) as pullets have improved spatial abilities compared to hens reared in non-enriched cages (CON). However, this effect on behavior has been shown only to 23 weeks of age. Lohmann LSL-Lite hens were reared in either CON or AVI until 19 weeks of age and then moved into enriched colony cages (ECC) containing two elevated perches of different heights (n = 6 ECC/treatment). Focal hens (3 per ECC) were fitted with tri-axial accelerometers to record acceleration events at 21, 35, and 49 weeks of age. Video recordings from each age were used to identify behaviors associated with acceleration events as well as the proportion of hens utilizing perches. CON hens experienced more acceleration events (p = 0.008) and more collisions (p = 0.04) than AVI hens during the day at 21 and 35 weeks of age. The total proportion of hens perching at night was similar between treatments across most time points, but fewer CON hens used the high perch compared to AVI hens throughout the study (p = < 0.001). Rearing in aviaries influences hen behavior out to peak lay for collisions and out to mid-lay for perch height preference in ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N. Pullin
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.N.P.); (C.B.R.); (R.A.B.)
- Animal Behavior Graduate Group, College of Biological Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S. Mieko Temple
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA; (S.M.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Darin C. Bennett
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA; (S.M.T.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Christina B. Rufener
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.N.P.); (C.B.R.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Richard A. Blatchford
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.N.P.); (C.B.R.); (R.A.B.)
| | - Maja M. Makagon
- Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (A.N.P.); (C.B.R.); (R.A.B.)
- Animal Behavior Graduate Group, College of Biological Sciences, University of California–Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-530-752-9419
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Jung JH, Castle R, Kurukuti NM, Manda S, Peli E. Field Expansion with Multiplexing Prism Glasses Improves Pedestrian Detection for Acquired Monocular Vision. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:35. [PMID: 32855881 PMCID: PMC7422757 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.8.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with acquired monocular vision (AMV) lose vision in the temporal crescent on the side of the blind eye. This visual field loss affects patients’ ability to detect potential hazards in the blind field. Mounting a base-in multiplexing prism (MxP) on the nasal side of the seeing eye can provide true field expansion and enable detection of potential collision hazards. We evaluated the efficacy of the MxP glasses in a virtual reality walking environment. Methods A three-dimensional printed clip-on MxP holder that can be adjusted for an individual user's facial parameters was developed. Virtual reality walking scenarios were designed to evaluate the effect of MxP field expansion on the detection of a pedestrian approaching from different initial bearing angles and courses. The pedestrian detection rates and response times of 10 participants with simulated AMV (normally sighted participants with one eye patched) and three patients with AMV were measured. Results The MxP provided true field expansion of about 25°. Participants performed significantly better with the MxP than without the MxP in the pedestrian detection task on their blind field, while their seeing field performance was not significantly different. Conclusions The MxP glasses for patients with AMV improved the detection of potential collision hazards in the blind field. Translational Relevance The MxP with an adjustable clip-on holder may help patients with AMV to decrease the risk of collision with other pedestrians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Jung
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Castle
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nish Mohith Kurukuti
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sailaja Manda
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eli Peli
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Moore TK, Hurley ET, Rowe DN, Hogan RE, Kilkenny CJ, Pauzenberger L, Mullett H. Outcomes following arthroscopic Bankart repair in female patients. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2020; 29:1332-6. [PMID: 32088079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical outcomes and recurrence among women who have undergone an arthroscopic Bankart repair for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. METHODS A retrospective review of patients with anterior shoulder instability that have undergone an arthroscopic Bankart repair between 2012-2017 was performed. Patients were followed up to assess their visual analog scale (VAS) score, Rowe score, Shoulder Instability-Return to Sport after Injury (SIRSI), and the Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV) and their satisfaction level. Whether they were able to return to sport, the timing of return, and the level to which they returned were reported. RESULTS Our study included 31 female patients (34 shoulders), with a mean follow-up of 51.9 months. Overall, 82.4% (28/34 shoulders) were satisfied/very satisfied with their surgery. The mean scores were as follows: Rowe, 79.2; SIRSI, 53.9; SSV, 81.9; and VAS, 1.9. Of the 29 patients (32 shoulders) who played sport prior to surgery, 24 returned to play and 17 returned to the same or higher level. One patient suffered a recurrent dislocation and 2 patients suffered recurrent subluxation. No patients underwent a revision procedure. CONCLUSION Female patients with anterior shoulder instability treated with arthroscopic Bankart repair have low recurrence rates, with good patient-reported outcomes and high satisfaction rates. Of those participating in sport prior to surgery, there was a high rate of return to play. The overall rate of complications was low, with a low rate of revision surgery.
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Tran TAN. "Primary cutaneous biphasic sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma with myoepithelial carcinoma differentiation": Is it a new variant of sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma or a collision tumor composed of a myoepithelial carcinoma and an incidental basal cell carcinoma? J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:576-578. [PMID: 31995232 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Anh N Tran
- Department of Pathology, Advent Health Orlando, Orlando, Florida
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45
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Hobbs MM, Geers TE, Brown TS, Malone JC. Triple collision tumor comprising Merkel cell carcinoma with an unusual immunophenotype, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, and basal cell carcinoma. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:764-767. [PMID: 32243639 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine cancer which almost always exhibits the cytokeratin (CK)20+/thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1- immunophenotype. MCC may occur concurrently with squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen disease, and/or basal cell carcinoma (BCC), with some evidence that MCCs which occur in conjunction with other neoplasms exhibit different immunophenotypes compared to pure MCC cases. We present a case of CK20-/TTF-1+ MCC concurrent with Bowen disease and BCC, and discuss possible differences in the pathogenesis of pure vs combined MCC. We also review the literature for this unusual immunophenotype, noting that most cases occur in combined MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misty M Hobbs
- University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tyler E Geers
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Timothy S Brown
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Janine C Malone
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Cheng L, Tan J, Yun Z, Wang S, Yu Z. Analysis of flow field and hemolysis index in axial flow blood pump by computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 44:46-54. [PMID: 32393086 DOI: 10.1177/0391398820917145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To fully study the relationship between the internal flow field and hemolysis index in an axial flow blood pump, a computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method coupled calculation method was used. Through numerical analysis under conditions of 6000, 8000, and 10,000 r/min, it was found that there was flow separation of blood cell particles in the tip of the impeller and the guide vane behind the impeller. The flow field has a larger pressure gradient distribution, which reduces the lift ratio of the blood pump and easily causes blood cell damage. The study shows that the hemolysis index obtained by the computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method is 4.75% higher than that from the traditional computational fluid dynamics method, which indicates the impact of microcollision between erythrocyte particles and walls on hemolysis index and also further verifies the validity of the computational fluid dynamics-discrete element coupling method. Through the hydraulic and particle image velocimetry experiments of the blood pump, the coincidence between numerical calculation and experiment is analyzed from macro and micro aspects, which shows that the numerical calculation method is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Cheng
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Tan
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong Yun
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheqin Yu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Cavey T, Ropert M, Loréal O, Bendavid C, Peoc'h K. [Metals: common clinical applications in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2019; 77:495-504. [PMID: 31638582 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2019.1480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is an analytical technique for inorganic, quantitative, and multi-elemental compounds commonly used in clinical biology. In recent years, it has gradually replaced atomic absorption techniques. It is based on the combination of an ion source formed of an inductively coupled plasma torch by a high-frequency electromagnetic generator, and a mass spectrometer, which allows the separation of ions generated according to their mass and energy. It allows the simultaneous detection of most metal and metalloid elements (about 80, 40 generally). It is extremely sensitive for determining analyte concentrations up to nanograms per liter. ICP-MS is fast and suitable for continued use on different types of biological samples. Its use requires, however, good knowledge of the different types of interferences, whether spectral or non-spectral. This method may require specific adaptations depending on the samples used due to the matrix effect. In this review, we will present the main principles of the realization of dosages, as well as the various devices currently commercialized. It is currently used for the determination of the most critical metals in clinical biochemistry, copper, zinc, and selenium, but also in clinical toxicology and pharmacology.
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Usherwood JR. An extension to the collisional model of the energetic cost of support qualitatively explains trotting and the trot-canter transition. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2020; 333:9-19. [PMID: 31033243 PMCID: PMC6916616 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The majority of terrestrial mammals adopt distinct, discrete gaits across their speed range. Though there is evidence that walk, trot and gallop may be selected at speeds consistent with minimizing metabolic cost (Hoyt and Taylor, 1981, Nature, 291, 239-240), the mechanical causes underlying these costs and their changes with speed are not well understood. In particular, the paired, near-simultaneous contacts of the trot is puzzling as it appears to demand a high mechanical work that could easily be avoided with distributed contacts, as with a "running walk" gait or "tolt." Here, a simple condition is derived-a ratio including the pitch moment of inertia and back length-for which trotting is energetically advantageous because it avoids the energetic consequences of pitching. Pitching could also be avoided if the impulses from the legs were orientated through the center of mass. A range of idealized gaits is considered that achieve this zero-pitch condition, and work minimization predicts a transition from trot to canter at intermediate speeds. This can be understood from the geometric principles of achieving a "pseudoelastic" collision with each impulse (Ruina et al., 2005, J Theoretical Biol, 14, 170-192). However, at high speeds, a transition back to trot is predicted that is not observed in nature.
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Proietti I, Di Fraia M, Michelini S, Colapietra D, Rullo E, Porta N, Petrozza V, Skroza N, Potenza C. Black and Pink: Single Lesion or Double Diagnosis? Dermatol Pract Concept 2019; 10:e2020025. [PMID: 31921512 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1001a25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Proietti
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - Marco Di Fraia
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - Simone Michelini
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - Daniela Colapietra
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - Emma Rullo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Pathology Unit, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Natale Porta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Pathology Unit, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Pathology Unit, I.C.O.T. Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Nevena Skroza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
| | - Concetta Potenza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Dermatology Unit Daniele Innocenzi, A. Fiorini Hospital, Polo Pontino, Terracina, Italy
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Sundar S, Kim KJ, Kwon SJ. Observation of Single Nanoparticle Collisions with Green Synthesized Pt, Au, and Ag Nanoparticles Using Electrocatalytic Signal Amplification Method. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9121695. [PMID: 31783669 PMCID: PMC6956323 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the tailored design, green synthesis and characterization of noble metal (Pt, Ag and Au) nanoparticles (NPs) using Sapinduss Mukkorossi fruit extract (SMFE) and its signal NP collision signal response, based on the principle of the electrocatatlytic amplication (EA) method. Here, the SMFE can act as both the reducing and the capping agent for the fabrication of noble nanometals. The SMFE-capped NPs was available for the observation of a single NP collision signal. Two general types of current response were observed: a staircase current response for the Pt or Au NPs, and a blip/spike current response for Ag NPs. These results demonstrated that the eco-friendly synthesized SMFE-capped NPs maintained their electrocatalytic activity, therefore they can be used for the single NP experiments and place an arena for future biosensing applications.
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