1
|
King DL, Billieux J, Delfabbro PH. Red box, green box: A self-report behavioral frequency measurement approach for behavioral addictions research. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:21-24. [PMID: 38193940 PMCID: PMC10988398 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2023.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Behavior frequency measures in behavioral addictions research fail to account for how engagement in the activity relates to each respondent's personal circumstances. We propose a "Red Box, Green Box" method, an alternative to conventional self-report behavior questions. Participants report two distinct time-based values: (1) Green box: time spent engaged in the activity during 'free' time, and (2) Red box: engagement in the activity at times when the respondent should be doing something else (e.g., studying, working, sleeping, exercising, etc.). Some practical examples of the 'red box, green box' method are provided. This method may help to calibrate behavioral frequency for each respondent and yield clearer insights into displacement effects and risks associated with frequency of use. We suggest some future research directions to test the feasibility and utility of this approach in different implementations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. King
- College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Flinders University, Australia
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kattein E, Schmidt H, Witt S, Jörren HL, Menrath I, Rumpf HJ, Wartberg L, Pawils S. Increased Digital Media Use in Preschool Children: Exploring the Links with Parental Stress and Their Problematic Media Use. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1921. [PMID: 38136123 PMCID: PMC10742172 DOI: 10.3390/children10121921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense or problematic media use behavior of parents could serve as a role model for their children's media use behavior. So far, knowledge is scarce about increased children's media use (ICMU) and its association with parental stress (PS) and problematic parental media use (PPMU). METHODS ICMU was examined using a modified set of the DSM-5 criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder. PS was assessed via the widely used Parenting Stress Index, and PPMU was assessed using the Short Compulsive Internet Use Scale. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the links between ICMU, PS, and PPMU. A mediation analysis was performed to examine if PPMU mediated the relationship between PS and ICMU. RESULTS In sum, 809 parents (M = 36.89 years; SD = 4.87; 81.4% female) of preschool children (average age: 44.75 months, SD = 13.68) participated in the study. ICMU was statistically significantly related to higher age of the parent, greater PPMU, and higher PS. Furthermore, we found that the association between PS and ICMU was partially mediated by PPMU. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that more pronounced PS and PPMU are associated with ICMU, highlighting the necessity of considering these parental variables when developing early prevention strategies for preschool-age children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kattein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hannah Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Witt
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Lea Jörren
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ingo Menrath
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lutz Wartberg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Pawils
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghali S, Afifi S, Suryadevara V, Habab Y, Hutcheson A, Panjiyar BK, Davydov GG, Nashat H, Nath TS. A Systematic Review of the Association of Internet Gaming Disorder and Excessive Social Media Use With Psychiatric Comorbidities in Children and Adolescents: Is It a Curse or a Blessing? Cureus 2023; 15:e43835. [PMID: 37736454 PMCID: PMC10509728 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Internet gaming and social media usage (SMU), particularly among children and teenagers, have witnessed a remarkable surge over the past decade. However, it remains uncertain whether this widespread usage has a positive or negative impact. The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate the diverse effects of excessive video game playing and extensive SMU, both favorable and detrimental, on the psychological and mental well-being of children and adolescents. To assess the influence of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and disordered SMU on the mental health of children aged 6-12 years and adolescents aged 13-18 years, we conducted a systematic review of 20 studies on the subject. These studies utilized a substantial sample size of 48,652 participants, encompassing online and in-person questionnaires administered to children, teenagers, and their parents in educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and online platforms. Our findings suggest that multiple factors contribute to the intricate relationship between SMU, video game playing, and mental health outcomes. The majority of research indicates that excessive gaming or SMU among children and teenagers leads to adverse consequences on their mental well-being. Furthermore, certain studies have even reported fatal consequences, while others have identified a worsening of preexisting mental health issues. A few studies have explored the potential positive impacts of SMU and gaming on individuals and society at large. In light of this, we have concluded that it is inappropriate to categorize internet gaming and SMU as solely beneficial or detrimental without considering the broader context and the interplay of various factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Ghali
- Psychiatry/Neuroscience, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Shadin Afifi
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Vineet Suryadevara
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Yaman Habab
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Alana Hutcheson
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Binay K Panjiyar
- Cardiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Gershon G Davydov
- Nephrology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
- Internal Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Be'er Sheva, ISR
| | - Hiba Nashat
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Monteiro R, Ferreira S, Fernandes S, Rocha N. Does digital media use contribute to decreased expressive language skills of pre-school-aged children? An exploratory study in Portuguese children. Somatosens Mot Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 36950966 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2023.2191702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between digital media use and expressive language skills in the semantic and morphosyntactic domains, of pre-school-aged children (3 years-and-0 months to 5 years-and-11 months). MATERIALS AND METHODS Verbal oral expression (VOE) tasks of the Pre-school Assessment of Language Test (Teste de Linguagem-Avaliação da Linguagem Pré-Escolar) were administered to 237 pre-school children with no previous identified neurological or developmental conditions associated with language disorders to assess expressive language skills in the semantic and morphosyntactic domains. Parents completed a questionnaire about their children's medical conditions, development (using the milestones of the Survey of Well-being of Young Children and the Pre-school Paediatric Symptom Checklist), and exposure to screens (using ScreenQ). Correlations between VOE and continuous variables such as ScreenQ were computed and a regression model incorporating all variables significantly associated with total language verbal expression was created. RESULTS ScreenQ revealed a negative and significant correlation with children's verbal oral expression as well as significance in the regression model. Parents' education was the most significant predictor in this regression model. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the importance of parents establishing limits for digital media use and promote good practices such as co-viewing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Monteiro
- Ph.D. Program in Educational and Behavioural Sciences, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Simão Ferreira
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP), Department of Psychology and Education, Portucalense University, Porto, Portugal
- Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Rocha
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Monteiro R, Fernandes S, Hutton JS, Huang G, Ittenbach RF, Rocha NB. Psychometric properties of the ScreenQ for measuring digital media use in Portuguese young children. Acta Paediatr 2022; 111:1950-1955. [PMID: 35648466 PMCID: PMC9546278 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Digital media use is prevalent among children and linked to potential developmental and health risks, but validated measures of children's digital media use are lacking. The aim of this study was to validate the Portuguese version of the ScreenQ with three distinct children's age groups. METHODS Parents of children living in Portugal completed an online survey including the 16-item version of the ScreenQ and items related to home activities and digital media use. A combination of classical and modern theory (Rasch) methods was used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 549 mothers and 51 fathers of 325 girls and 322 boys from 6 months to 9 years and 11 months-old responded to the survey. Point-measure correlations were all positive and endorsement of item values were within acceptable ranges. Cronbach's coefficient α was acceptable for a new measure and test-retest reliability was high. Statistically significant correlations were found between ScreenQ total scores and relevant demographic, play-related, parenting, and digital media-use items. CONCLUSION The Portuguese version of the ScreenQ exhibited sound psychometric properties, including internal consistency and concurrent validity referenced to external items. Higher ScreenQ scores were correlated with higher digital media multitasking, lower parent-child interaction, and higher concerns regarding child's learning and behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Monteiro
- University of Vigo Ph.D. program in Educational and Behavioral Sciences Vigo Spain
- School of Health Polytechnic Institute of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Portucalense Institute for Human Development (INPP) Department of Psychology and Education Portucalense University Porto Portugal
| | - John S Hutton
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati
- Reading and Literacy Discovery Center Cincinnati Children’s Hospital University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati
| | - Guixia Huang
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati
| | - Richard F Ittenbach
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kovacs C, Jadin T, Ortner C. Austrian College Students' Experiences With Digital Media Learning During the First COVID-19 Lockdown. Front Psychol 2022; 13:734138. [PMID: 35197894 PMCID: PMC8859456 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.734138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced many nations to shut-down schools and universities, catapulting teachers and students into a new, challenging situation of 100% distance learning. To explore how the shift to full distance learning represented a break with previous teaching, we asked Austrian students (n = 874, 65% female, 34% male) which digital media they used before and during the first Corona lockdown, as well as which tools they wanted to use in the future. Students additionally reported on their attitudes and experiences with online learning. Results showed that students used certain tools, such as video, audio, e-assessments, and web conferencing systems, much more often during lockdown than they had before. Their use of classic digital media, such as e-mail, social communication tools, such as chat or online forums, and other interactive tools, such as wikis or educational games, hardly changed at all. Their attitudes toward multimedia learning were positively related to their media use. In their open responses (n = 137), students identified advantages of online learning (flexibility and self-directed learning), as well as disadvantages (limited social interaction) and challenges (motivation and self-discipline). As a group, they also expressed a clear preference for a balanced combination of online- and offline teaching in the future. However, individual students did prefer fully online or offline learning modes, depending on their personal circumstances and educational goals. We view this as a call to researchers and educators alike to explore ways in which the advantages of online and face-to-face learning can best be combined to meet the changed needs and expectations of organizations, students, and teachers in a future “after Corona.”
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Kovacs
- Faculty of Informatics, Communications and Media, Institute of Communication and Knowledge Media, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Tanja Jadin
- Faculty of Informatics, Communications and Media, Institute of Communication and Knowledge Media, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Christina Ortner
- Faculty of Informatics, Communications and Media, Institute of Communication and Knowledge Media, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Hagenberg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Watanabe K, Adachi H, Yamamoto R, Fujino R, Ishimaru D, Kanayama D, Sakagami Y, Akamine S, Marutani N, Mamiya Y, Mashita M, Nakano N, Kudo T, Ikeda M. Increased digital media use is associated with sleep problems among university students: A study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:946265. [PMID: 36104989 PMCID: PMC9464822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.946265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study investigates the association between the incidence of sleep problems and changes in digital media use among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It used data from annual health check-ups performed at a Japanese university in 2019 and 2020. Students undergoing these check-ups were identified to respond to questions about sleep problems, digital media use, breakfast and exercise habits, and stress. In total, 3,869 students were included in the analysis. The association between the incidence of sleep problems in 2020 and the changes in digital media use between 2019 and 2020 was assessed using logistic regression models. The rate of long digital media use (≥ 2 hours) in 2019 was 42.6%, while in 2020 it was 53.6%. Incidence of sleep problems was observed in 244 students (6.3%) in 2020. There were 786 students (20.3%) who used digital media for ≤ 2 h in 2019 and ≥ 2 h in 2020. From the sample, 66 students (8.4%) reported incidence of sleep problems in 2020. Additionally, those respondents who specifically reported increased digital media use between 2019 and 2020 (increased use) where at greater risk (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.55) of reporting sleep problems in 2020, even after controlling for other study variables. Thus, this study provides evidence that the incidence of sleep problems has had a significant association with an increase in digital media use among university students throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the importance of ensuring appropriate digital media use among students for improved quality of sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasumi Watanabe
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Adachi
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka University Hospital, Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Fujino
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daiki Ishimaru
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kanayama
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukako Sakagami
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoshin Akamine
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriko Marutani
- Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Mamiya
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka University Hospital, Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Midori Mashita
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka University Hospital, Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuko Nakano
- Osaka University Hospital, Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Health and Counseling Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Ikeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka University Hospital, Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Levelink B, van der Vlegel M, Mommers M, Gubbels J, Dompeling E, Feron FJ, van Zeben-van der Aa DM, Hurks P, Thijs C. The Longitudinal Relationship Between Screen Time, Sleep and a Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood. J Atten Disord 2021; 25:2003-2013. [PMID: 32924722 PMCID: PMC8527549 DOI: 10.1177/1087054720953897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate longitudinal associations between recreational screen time and sleep in early childhood, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at age 8 to 10 years. METHOD Questionnaires from 2,768 mother-child pairs from the Dutch KOALA Birth Cohort Study were used. General estimating equation logistic regression analyses examined associations between screen time and sleep at age 2, 4, and 6, and ADHD at age 8 to 10. Linear regression analysis examined associations between television time, sleep and CBCL/2-3 scores at age 2. RESULTS Longitudinally, neither screen time nor sleep were associated with ADHD. Cross-sectionally, CBCL/2-3 externalizing symptom scores increased by 0.03 with every hour television time (95% CI 0.002-0.05) and increased by 0.02 per hour of less sleep (95% CI -0.03--0.01). CONCLUSION Despite an association with externalizing symptoms at age 2, screen time and sleep in early childhood were not associated with ADHD. Carefulness is warranted when extrapolating cross-sectional associations at early age to an ADHD diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Levelink
- Maastricht University Medical Centre
(MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,Birgit Levelink, Department of Paediatrics,
Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, Maastricht, Limburg 6202 AZ,
The Netherlands. Emails: ;
| | - Marjolein van der Vlegel
- Care and Public Health Research
Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
(MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center
Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Mommers
- Care and Public Health Research
Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
(MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Gubbels
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and
Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+),
Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edward Dompeling
- Maastricht University Medical Centre
(MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans J.M. Feron
- Care and Public Health Research
Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Social medicine, Maastricht University Medical
Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Petra Hurks
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, The
Netherlands
| | - Carel Thijs
- Care and Public Health Research
Institute (CAPHRI), Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre
(MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hasanen E, Koivukoski H, Kortelainen L, Vehmas H, Sääkslahti A. Sociodemographic Correlates of Parental Co-Participation in Digital Media Use and Physical Play of Preschool-Age Children. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18115903. [PMID: 34072856 PMCID: PMC8198474 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Young children’s digital media use and physical activity have gained attention in recent research. Parental co-participation has a major impact on children’s health consequences. This study addressed a gap in the research by investigating daily parental co-participation in children’s digital media use and physical play, using the family ecological model theoretical framework. The participants in this nationally representative cross-sectional study were 2512 Finnish parents with two- to six-year-old children. Parents completed a questionnaire. Sociodemographic correlates of co-participation and of the awareness of guidelines regarding co-participation and correlation between co-participation in digital media use and physical play were analysed. Parental co-participation in physical play and digital media use correlated positively. Lower parental age, male parental gender, Finnish and Swedish languages, a fewer number of children, and a male child gender were associated with more co-participation in one or both activities, and parental female gender and low family income were associated with more awareness. The awareness of guidelines was not associated with co-participation in digital media use. There were sociodemographic differences in parental co-participation. From a health counselling perspective, parents may benefit from national recommendations on digital media use and physical activity, but adherence to guidelines depends on the family context.
Collapse
|
10
|
Browne DT, May S, Hurst-Della Pietra P, Christakis D, Asamoah T, Hale L, Delrahim-Howlett K, Emond JA, Fiks AG, Madigan S, Prime H, Perlman G, Rumpf HJ, Thompson D, Uzzo S, Stapleton J, Neville R. From 'screen time' to the digital level of analysis: protocol for a scoping review of digital media use in children and adolescents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e032184. [PMID: 31772098 PMCID: PMC6887049 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research on the relationship between digital media exposure and child development is complex, inconsistent and fraught with debate. A highlighted area of inadequacy surrounds the methodological limitations of measuring digital media use for both researchers and clinicians, alike. This protocol aims to (1) identify core concepts in the area of screen time and digital media use in children and adolescents (2) map existing research paradigms and screening/measurement tools that serve to underpin and operationalise core concepts and (3) provide an initial step in integrating these findings into a consolidated screening toolkit. It is expected this enterprise will help advance research and clinical evaluation in fields concerned with digital media use, namely medicine, child development and the social sciences. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The planned scoping review will search relevant electronic databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus, in addition to grey literature. All empirical investigations and presentation of original research will be considered, and measurement/screening tools for digital media usage in children and adolescents will be identified and reported on. Two reviewers will pilot test the screening criteria, and data extraction forms prior to independently screening all relevant literature and extracting the data. A three-stage synthesis process will be used to map the existent measurement and screening tools for digital media usage in children and adolescents. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION There are no ethical considerations for this scoping review. Plans for dissemination include publication in a top-tier, open-access journal, public presentations and conference proceedings. Presentation of the full scoping review has been accepted to the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 66th Annual Meeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shealyn May
- Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Tracy Asamoah
- American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lauren Hale
- Department of Preventive Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Emond
- Biomedical Data Science, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Alexander G Fiks
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sheri Madigan
- Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Heather Prime
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg Perlman
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- University of Lübeck Institute of the History of Medicine and Science Research, Lubeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Darcy Thompson
- University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephen Uzzo
- New York Hall of Science, Flushing, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Stapleton
- Information Services and Resources, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ross Neville
- Physiotherapy and Sport Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
McNeill J, Howard SJ, Vella SA, Cliff DP. Longitudinal Associations of Electronic Application Use and Media Program Viewing with Cognitive and Psychosocial Development in Preschoolers. Acad Pediatr 2019; 19:520-528. [PMID: 30853576 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate associations of traditional (program viewing) and contemporary (electronic applications, or apps) electronic media use with preschoolers' executive function and psychosocial development 12 months later. METHODS We conducted an analysis of longitudinal data from 185 children (mean age, 4.2 ± 0.6 years). Parents reported children's weekly electronic media use: 1) viewing programs on television or other devices and 2) app and game play using tablets, computers, consoles, or other devices. Direct assessments of children's executive functions (working memory, inhibition, and shifting) and educator-reported psychosocial difficulties were also collected. Linear regression models assessed associations between baseline predictors and developmental outcomes 12 months later, adjusting for covariates, preschool clustering, and baseline levels of predictors. RESULTS Higher levels of program viewing at baseline were significantly associated with increases in externalizing behaviors (β = 0.008; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.002-0.014; P = .010) and total difficulties (β = 0.013; 95% CI, 0.005-0.022; P = .005) at follow-up. High-dose app users (≥30 min/d) had a significantly lower inhibition score (mean difference = -0.04; 95% CI: -0.09 to -0.00; P = .044) at follow-up compared to low-dose app users (1 to 29 min/d). CONCLUSIONS Limiting electronic app use to <30 min/d and limiting media program viewing may be positively associated with preschool children's cognitive and psychosocial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jade McNeill
- Early Start and School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences (J McNeill, SJ Howard, DP Cliff); Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (J McNeill and DP Cliff).
| | - Steven J Howard
- Early Start and School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences (J McNeill, SJ Howard, DP Cliff); Early Start and School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences (SJ Howard and SA Vella), University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stewart A Vella
- Early Start and School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences (SJ Howard and SA Vella), University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dylan P Cliff
- Early Start and School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences (J McNeill, SJ Howard, DP Cliff); Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (J McNeill and DP Cliff)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Männikkö N, Ruotsalainen H, Demetrovics Z, Lopez-Fernandez O, Myllymäki L, Miettunen J, Kääriäinen M. Problematic Gaming Behavior Among Finnish Junior High School Students: Relation to Socio-Demographics and Gaming Behavior Characteristics. Behav Med 2018; 44:324-334. [PMID: 28910584 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2017.1378608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiplatform digital media use and gaming have been increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to examine associations between sociodemographics and digital gaming behavior characteristics (i.e., gaming time, medium, and genres) with problematic gaming behavior in adolescents. A convenience sample of Finnish junior high school students (n = 560; mean age 14 years, ranging from 12 to 16 years) participated in the cross-sectional survey, of which, 83% (n = 465) reported having played digital games regularly. Sociodemographic data, different forms of digital media use, gaming behavior characteristics and problematic gaming behavior was assessed. Study participants spent on average one hour per day playing digital games; casual games (23.9%), shooting games (19.8%), and sport games (12.9%), were the most popular games among participants. By using regression analysis, a blended family structure and gaming time related positively to problematic gaming behavior. Preferences for game genres such as solo, Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing and strategy-management games were also positively associated with problematic use of digital games. These findings provide knowledge that can be utilized in the prevention of the possible negative consequences of digital gaming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niko Männikkö
- a University of Oulu , Finland.,b Oulu University of Applied Sciences , Finland
| | | | | | - Olatz Lopez-Fernandez
- d Nottingham Trent University , United Kingdom.,e Université catholique de Louvain , Belgium
| | | | - Jouko Miettunen
- a University of Oulu , Finland.,f Oulu University Hospital , Finland
| | - Maria Kääriäinen
- a University of Oulu , Finland.,f Oulu University Hospital , Finland
| |
Collapse
|