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Li C, Lu G, Jiang Y, Su H, Li C. A Novel Etanercept-Loaded Nano-emulsion for Targeted Treatment of Inflammatory Arthritis via Draining Lymph Node. Curr Drug Deliv 2023; 21:CDD-EPUB-133529. [PMID: 37565561 DOI: 10.2174/1567201821666230810115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease (AD), and the global incidence rate is 0.5 ~ 1%. Existing medications might reduce symptoms, however, there is no known cure for this illness. Etanercept (EN) can competitively inhibit TNF-α binding to the TNF receptor on the cell surface to treat RA. However, subcutaneous injection of free EN predisposes to systemic distribution and induces immune system hypofunction. Draining lymph nodes (LNs) play a significant role in the onset, maintenance, and progression of RA as they are the primary sites of aberrant immune response and inflammatory cytokine production. AIM The purpose of this study was to successfully treat RA with etanercept by encapsulating it in nanoemulsions (NEs/EN) and then delivering it specifically to draining LNs. The EN-loaded NEs were prepared by high-pressure homogenization method and modified with DSPE-mPEG2000 and Ca(OH)2. METHODS A novel nano-emulsion (NE) was constructed to deliver EN (NE/EN) to RA-draining LNs. To decrease aggregation and load EN, DSPE-mPEG2000 and Ca(OH)2 were successively decorated on the surface of the lipid injectable emulsions. The hydrodynamic diameter and morphology of NEs/EN were investigated by using a laser particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The in vivo fluorescence imaging system was used to study the in vivo LN targeting ability of the formulation. In the therapeutic experiment, NEs/EN was subcutaneously administrated to inhibit the development of the mouse arthritis model. RESULTS Circular dichroism spectrum and L929 cell experiment confirmed that NEs encapsulation had no impact on the biological activity of EN. In vivo investigation on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model showed that NEs/EN have good inguinal lymph node targeting capabilities, as well as, anti-inflammatory effect against RA. Compared with the free group, the paw thickness and arthritic score in NEs/EN group were significantly alleviated. Moreover, the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in NEs/EN-treated mice was lower than that in free EN. CONCLUSION NEs/EN effectively improve the effectiveness of EN in the treatment of RA. Our work provides an experimental foundation for expanding the clinical application of EN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Li
- People's Hospital of Deyang City Department of Pharmacy Deyang China
| | - Guanting Lu
- People's Hospital of Deyang City Laboratory of Translational Medicine Research Deyang China
| | - Yue Jiang
- People\'s Hospital of Deyang Deyang China
| | - Huaiyu Su
- People's Hospital of Deyang City Department of Pharmacy Deyang China
| | - Chen Li
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
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2
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Huang Q, Wu X, Wang Z, Chen X, Wang L, Lu Y, Xiong D, Liu Q, Tian Y, Lin H, Guo J, Wen S, Dong W, Yang X, Yuan Y, Yue Z, Lei S, Wu Q, Ran L, Xie L, Wang Y, Gao L, Tian Q, Zhou X, Sun B, Xu L, Tang Z, Ye L. The primordial differentiation of tumor-specific memory CD8 + T cells as bona fide responders to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in draining lymph nodes. Cell 2022; 185:4049-4066.e25. [PMID: 36208623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Blocking PD-1/PD-L1 signaling transforms cancer therapy and is assumed to unleash exhausted tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, recent studies have also indicated that the systemic tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells may respond to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. These discrepancies highlight the importance of further defining tumor-specific CD8+ T cell responders to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Here, using multiple preclinical tumor models, we revealed that a subset of tumor-specific CD8+ cells in the tumor draining lymph nodes (TdLNs) was not functionally exhausted but exhibited canonical memory characteristics. TdLN-derived tumor-specific memory (TTSM) cells established memory-associated epigenetic program early during tumorigenesis. More importantly, TdLN-TTSM cells exhibited superior anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy after adoptive transfer and were characterized as bona fide responders to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. These findings highlight that TdLN-TTSM cells could be harnessed to potentiate anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhao Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Changping Laboratory, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lisha Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yuhan Tian
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huayu Lin
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuqiong Wen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuchen Yuan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhengliang Yue
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shun Lei
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ling Ran
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Luoyingzi Xie
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Leiqiong Gao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qin Tian
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Lifan Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhonghui Tang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; Changping Laboratory, 102206 Beijing, China.
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3
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Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) presents a major block to anti-tumour immune responses and to effective cancer immunotherapy. The inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and prostaglandins generated in the TME alter the phenotype and function of dendritic cells (DCs) that are critical for a successful adaptive immune response against the growing tumour. In this mini review we discuss how tumour cells and the surrounding stroma modulate DC maturation and trafficking to impact T cell function. Fibroblastic stroma and the associated extracellular matrix around tumours can also provide physical restrictions to infiltrating DCs and other leukocytes. We discuss interactions between the inflammatory TME and infiltrating immune cell function, exploring how the inflammatory TME affects generation of T cell-driven anti-tumour immunity. We discuss the open question of the relative importance of antigen-presentation site; locally within the TME versus tumour-draining lymph nodes. Addressing these questions will potentially increase immune surveillance and enhance anti-tumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukti Hari Gupta
- Stromal Immunology Laboratory, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophie E. Acton
- Stromal Immunology Laboratory, MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Gao Y, Yue Y, Xiong S. An Albumin-Binding Domain Peptide Confers Enhanced Immunoprotection Against Viral Myocarditis by CVB3 VP1 Vaccine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666594. [PMID: 34630378 PMCID: PMC8492941 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis is a common clinical cardiovascular disease without effective available vaccine. In this study, we tried to potentiate the immunoprotection efficacy of our previous CVB3-specific VP1 protein vaccine by introducing a streptococcal protein G-derived, draining lymph nodes (dLNs)-targeting albumin-binding domain (ABD) peptide. We found that compared with the original VP1 vaccine, ABD-fused VP1 (ABD-VP1) vaccine gained the new ability to efficiently bind murine albumin both in vitro and in vivo, possessed a much longer serum half-life in serum and exhibited more abundance in the dLNs after immunization. Accordingly, ABD-VP1 immunization not only significantly facilitated the enrichment and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), induced higher percentages of IFN-γ+ CD8 + cells in the dLNs, but also robustly promoted VP1-induced T cell proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in the spleens. More importantly, ABD-VP1 also elicited higher percentages of protective CD44hi CD62Lhi memory T cells in dLNs and spleens. Consequently, obvious protective effect against viral myocarditis was conferred by ABD-VP1 vaccine compared to the VP1 vaccine, reflected by the less body weight loss, improved cardiac function, alleviated cardiac histomorphological changes and an increased 28-day survival rate. Our results indicated that the ABD might be a promising immune-enhancing regime for vaccine design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Yue
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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5
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Papalampros A, Vailas M, Ntostoglou K, Chiloeches ML, Sakellariou S, Chouliari NV, Samaras MG, Veltsista PD, Theodorou SDP, Margetis AT, Bergonzini A, Karydakis L, Hasemaki N, Havaki S, Moustakas II, Chatzigeorgiou A, Karamitros T, Patsea E, Kittas C, Lazaris AC, Felekouras E, Gorgoulis VG, Frisan T, Pateras IS. Unique Spatial Immune Profiling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Enrichment of Exhausted and Senescent T Cells and Diffused CD47-SIRPα Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1825. [PMID: 32645996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is resistant to single-agent immunotherapies. To understand the mechanisms leading to the poor response to this treatment, a better understanding of the PDAC immune landscape is required. The present work aims to study the immune profile in PDAC in relationship to spatial heterogeneity of the tissue microenvironment (TME) in intact tissues. Methods: Serial section and multiplex in situ analysis were performed in 42 PDAC samples to assess gene and protein expression at single-cell resolution in the: (a) tumor center (TC), (b) invasive front (IF), (c) normal parenchyma adjacent to the tumor, and (d) tumor positive and negative draining lymph nodes (LNs). Results: We observed: (a) enrichment of T cell subpopulations with exhausted and senescent phenotype in the TC, IF and tumor positive LNs; (b) a dominant type 2 immune response in the TME, which is more pronounced in the TC; (c) an emerging role of CD47-SIRPα axis; and (d) a similar immune cell topography independently of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion: This study reveals the existence of dysfunctional T lymphocytes with specific spatial distribution, thus opening a new dimension both conceptually and mechanistically in tumor-stroma interaction in PDAC with potential impact on the efficacy of immune-regulatory therapeutic modalities.
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6
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Yanguas A, Garasa S, Teijeira Á, Aubá C, Melero I, Rouzaut A. ICAM-1-LFA-1 Dependent CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Aggregation in Tumor Tissue Prevents Recirculation to Draining Lymph Nodes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2084. [PMID: 30258446 PMCID: PMC6143661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The quantity of T-lymphocytes reaching the draining lymph nodes from tumors is likely important to mount effective distant responses and for the establishment of long term systemic memory. Looking into mechanisms behind lymphocyte egress, we directed our attention to leukocyte adhesion mechanisms inside tumors. Here we demonstrate that activated T-cells form intra-tumor aggregates in a LFA-1-ICAM-1-dependent fashion in mouse models of melanoma and breast cancer. We also provide evidence of the presence of T-cell clusters in primary human melanoma. Disruption of LFA-1-ICAM-1 interactions, and thereby T-cell clustering, enhances the arrival of activated CD8+ T-cells to tumor draining lymph nodes in both transplanted and spontaneous cancer models. Interestingly, upon ICAM-1 blockade, the expression of the chemotactic receptor CCR7 augments in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and in in-vitro de-clustered T cells, as well as their ability to transmigrate across lymphatic endothelial cells. We propose that ICAM-1-mediated homotypic T-lymphocyte aggregation may serve as a tumor-mediated immune retention mechanism entrapping activated CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Modulation of T-cell adhesion may be of use to improve the transit of activated lymphocytes toward the lymph nodes and their subsequent recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Yanguas
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina Aubá
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid Spain.,Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Rouzaut
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, CIBERONC, Madrid Spain
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7
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Bo R, Sun Y, Zhou S, Ou N, Gu P, Liu Z, Hu Y, Liu J, Wang D. Simple nanoliposomes encapsulating Lycium barbarum polysaccharides as adjuvants improve humoral and cellular immunity in mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6289-6301. [PMID: 28894367 PMCID: PMC5584898 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s136820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of subunit vaccines has been hampered by the problems of weak or short-term immunity and the lack of availability of nontoxic, potent adjuvants. It would be desirable to develop safe and efficient adjuvants with the aim of improving the cellular immune response against the target antigen. In this study, the targeting and sustained release of simple nanoliposomes containing Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) as an efficacious immune adjuvant to improve immune responses were explored. LBP liposome (LBPL) with high entrapment efficiency (86%) were obtained using a reverse-phase evaporation method and then used to encapsulate the model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA). We demonstrated that the as-synthesized liposome loaded with OVA and LBP (LBPL-OVA) was stable for 45 days and determined the encapsulation stability of OVA at 4°C and 37°C and the release profile of OVA from LBPL-OVA was investigated in pH 7.4 and pH 5.0. Further in vivo investigation showed that the antigen-specific humoral response was correlated with antigen delivery to the draining lymph nodes. The LBPL-OVA were also associated with high levels of uptake by key dendritic cells in the draining lymph nodes and they efficiently stimulated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation in vivo, further promoting antibody production. These features together elicited a significant humoral and celluar immune response, which was superior to that produced by free antigen alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Bo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Yaqin Sun
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Shuzhen Zhou
- Foshan City Nanhai Eastern Along Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Ning Ou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Pengfei Gu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing
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8
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Abstract
Many approaches for cancer immunotherapy have targeted dendritic cells (DCs), directly or indirectly, for the induction of antitumor immune responses. DC-based vaccines have been developed using a wide variety of ex vivo DC culture conditions, antigen (Ag) source and loading strategies, maturation agents, and routes of vaccination. Adjuvants are used to activate innate immune cells at the vaccine injection site, to promote Ag transport to the draining lymph nodes (LNs) and to model adaptive immune responses. Despite years of effort, the effective induction of strong and durable antitumor T-cell responses in vaccinated patients remains a challenge. The study of vaccine interactions with other immune cells in the LNs and, more recently, in the injection site has opened new doors for understanding antitumor effector T-cell licensing and function. In this review, we will briefly discuss the relevant sites and up-to-date facts regarding possible targets for antitumor vaccine refinement. We will focus on the processes taking place at the injection site, adjuvant combinations and their role in DC-based vaccines, LN homing, and modeling vaccine-induced immune responses capable of controlling tumor growth and generating immune memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Andrea Pizzurro
- Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas - Fundación Cáncer (CIO - FUCA) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - María Marcela Barrio
- Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas - Fundación Cáncer (CIO - FUCA) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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9
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Klementiev B, Enevoldsen MN, Li S, Carlsson R, Liu Y, Issazadeh-Navikas S, Bock E, Berezin V. Antiinflammatory properties of a peptide derived from interleukin-4. Cytokine 2013; 64:112-21. [PMID: 23972727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a potent antiinflammatory cytokine. However its use in the clinic is hampered by side effects. We here describe the identification of a novel synthetic peptide, termed Ph8, derived from α-helix C of IL-4, which interacts with IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα). Employing various cultured genetically engineered cell lines and primary lymphocytes, surface plasmon resonance, qPCR, ELISA and immunoblotting techniques we found that Ph8 bound IL-4Rα and mimicked the anti-inflammatory effects of IL-4 by inhibiting TNF-α production by macrophages in vitro. It induced phosphorylation of STAT6 65kD but inhibited phosphorylation of STAT6 110 kD induced by IL-4 in a B-cell line that expressed the type I receptor. It also inhibited the IL-4-stimulated expression of a STAT6-inducible reporter gene in cells that expressed the type II receptor. Ph8 inhibited the proliferation of Th1/2 cells and downregulated the production of IFN-γ in stimulated Th1 cells. Moreover, Ph8 did not induce any shift in Th1/Th2 profile. This is a favorable effect and it is indicating that Ph8 could block general T cell activation and inflammatory responses without further inducing the side effects generally associated with IL-4 signaling. These data collectively show that Ph8 is only a partial agonist of IL-4 mimicking its desirable properties. In agreement, Ph8 treatment of rats with collagen-induced arthritis, a Th1- and antibody- mediated disease of joint, delayed the manifestation of chronic inflammation and reduced acute inflammation in carrageenan-induced edema. Our findings indicate that Ph8 is a promising potential drug candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Klementiev
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Kedzierska K, Stambas J, Jenkins MR, Keating R, Turner SJ, Doherty PC. Location rather than CD62L phenotype is critical in the early establishment of influenza-specific CD8+ T cell memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:9782-7. [PMID: 17522251 PMCID: PMC1887603 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703699104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid recall of influenza virus-specific CD8(+) T cell effector function is protective, although our understanding of T cell memory remains incomplete. Recent debate has focused particularly on the CD62L lymph node homing receptor. The present analysis shows that although functional memory can be established from both CD62L(hi) and CD62L(lo) CD8(+) T cell subsets soon after initial encounter between naïve precursors and antigen, the optimal precursors are CD8(+)CD44(hi)CD25(lo) immune lymphocytes isolated from draining lymph nodes on day 3.5 after influenza virus infection. Analysis of primed T cells at different times after challenge indicates that the capacity to transfer memory is diminished at the peak of the primary cytotoxic T lymphocyte response, challenging speculations that the transition to memory first requires full differentiation to effector status. It seems that location rather than CD62Lhi/lo phenotype may be the more profitable focus for further dissection of the early establishment of T cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kedzierska
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia; and
| | - John Stambas
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia; and
| | - Misty R. Jenkins
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia; and
| | - Rachael Keating
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Stephen J. Turner
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia; and
| | - Peter C. Doherty
- *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne 3010, Australia; and
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
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11
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Cicala C, Ianaro A, Fiorucci S, Calignano A, Bucci M, Gerli R, Santucci L, Wallace JL, Cirino G. NO-naproxen modulates inflammation, nociception and downregulates T cell response in rat Freund's adjuvant arthritis. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 130:1399-405. [PMID: 10903982 PMCID: PMC1572207 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Anti-inflammatory non steroidal drugs releasing NO (NO-NSAIDs) are a new class of anti-inflammatory drugs to which has been added an NO-releasing moiety. These compounds have been shown to retain the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of the parent compound but to be devoid of gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity. 2. Freund's adjuvant (FA) arthritis was induced in rats by a single intraplantar injection into the right hindpaw of 100 microl of mycobacterium butirricum (6 mg ml(-1)). The effect of equimolar doses of naproxen (1, 3 and 10 mg kg(-1)) and NO-naproxen (1.5, 4.5 and 16 mg kg(-1)) was evaluated using two dosage regimen protocols: (i) preventive, starting oral administration of the drugs at the time of induction of arthritis and for the following 21 days (day 1 - 21); (ii) therapeutic, starting oral administration of the drugs 7 days after adjuvant injection and for the following 14 days (day 7 - 21). 3. Hindpaw swelling (days 3, 7, 11, 14, 17, 21) and nociception (days 15 and 21) were measured. On day 22 rats were sacrificed, draining lymph nodes were removed and T cells isolated. In vitro proliferation of T cells following stimulation with concanavalin A (0.5 - 5 microg ml(-1)) was measured using a tritiated thymidine incorporation assay. IL-2 receptor expression on T cells was measured by FACS analysis. 4. Naproxen and NO-naproxen showed similar activity in reducing oedema formation in the non-injected (controlateral) hindpaw. Both drugs showed anti-nociceptive effect. NO-naproxen was anti-nociceptive at a dose of 4.5 mg kg(-1) while naproxen showed the same extent of inhibition only at a dose of 10 mg kg(-1). 5. T cells were isolated and characterized by FACS analysis. Stimulation of isolated T cells with concanavallin A in vitro caused a significant increase in thymidine uptake. NO-naproxen at a dose of 4.5 mg kg(-1) inhibited T cell proliferation to the same extent as 10 mg kg(-1) of naproxen. 6. Inhibition of T cell proliferation was well correlated with reduced IL-2 receptor expression on T cells. In addition, NO-naproxen reduced both IL-1beta and TNFalpha plasma levels whilst naproxen reduced IL-1beta levels only. 7. In conclusion, both naproxen and NO-naproxen reduce inflammation and nociception associated with arthritis. In addition NO-naproxen interferes to a larger extent with cellular mechanism involved in T cell activation in rat adjuvant arthritis indicating that introduction of the NO moiety in the naproxen structure increases the effect at the level of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Cicala
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiorucci
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Bucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Gerli
- Sezione di Medicina Interna e Scienze Oncologiche Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Santucci
- Sezione di Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - John L Wallace
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Università degli Studi di Napoli - Federico II, Napoli, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
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Shiloni E, Karp SE, Custer MC, Shilyansky J, Restifo NP, Rosenberg SA, Mulé JJ. Retroviral transduction of interferon-gamma cDNA into a nonimmunogenic murine fibrosarcoma: generation of T cells in draining lymph nodes capable of treating established parental metastatic tumor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1993; 37:286-92. [PMID: 8402732 PMCID: PMC2248452 DOI: 10.1007/bf01518450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Gene modification of tumor cells with the cDNA for interferon gamma (IFN gamma) has been shown to increase the immunogenicity of some tumor cells. In order to explore further the possible therapeutic relevance of these previous findings, two clones of the nonimmunogenic MCA-102 fibrosarcoma of C57BL/6 origin were retrovirally transduced with the cDNA encoding murine IFN gamma: 102.4JK (4JK), a clone with relatively high major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression, and 102.24JK (24JK), a clone with low expression of surface MHC class I molecules. Retroviral transduction of tumor cells with the cDNA encoding for IFN gamma resulted in a substantial up-regulation of MHC class I surface expression in the 24JK clone but little change of class I in the 4JK clone. In an attempt to generate antitumor lymphocytes, these gene-modified cells were inoculated into mouse footpads and draining lymph nodes (DLN) were removed, dispersed, and cultured in vitro for 10 days with irradiated tumor cells and interleukin-2. DLN from mice bearing either unmodified tumor or tumor transduced with cDNA encoding neomycin resistance (NeoR) or IFN gamma, were used to treat recipients harboring 3-day pulmonary metastases induced by the parental, unmodified tumor. Treatment with DLN cells obtained following the injection of 24JK tumor cells modified with the gene for IFN gamma significantly reduced the number of pulmonary metastases in four separate experiments, compared to groups treated by DLN cells generated from inoculation of either the unmodified, parental 24JK clone or the same clone transduced with the NeoR gene only. In contrast, DLN cells induced either by IFN gamma-transduced 4JK (high expression of MHC class I) or an unmodified 4JK tumor (moderate expression of MHC class I) had significant but equal therapeutic efficacy. Although the in vitro growth rate of tumor cell lines was unaffected by the insertion of the mouse IFN gamma cDNA, their in vivo (s.c.) growth rates were significantly slower than those of the nontransduced tumors. Thus, after retroviral transduction of the murine IFN gamma cDNA into a nonimmunogenic tumor with a very low level of surface expression of MHC class I, modified tumor cells could elicit therapeutic T cells from DLN capable of successfully treating established pulmonary metastases upon adoptive transfer. This strategy significantly confirms previous observations on the potential therapeutic effects of gene modification of tumor cells with IFN gamma and extends the realm of therapeutic possibilities to include the use of DLN cells for the development of T-cell based immunotherapies against nonimmunogenic human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Shiloni
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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